Patent Application
20250207299
This U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311782468.6, filed on Dec. 21, 2023, the entire disclosures of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein, for all purposes.
The application belongs to the field of preparation and application of functional textiles, in particularly relates to a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof.
In recent years, with the continuous development of textile industry technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people are more advocating a healthy lifestyle, and their participation and investment in sports are also increasing. Their requirements for sportswear are no longer limited to styles and colors, but put forward higher requirements for comfort and functionality. At the same time, with the global warming and increasing pollution, consumers' awareness level of environmental protection is increasing, and consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious. With the release of the national double-carbon strategy and target, China has put forward higher requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, and also for the shoes and clothing industry as consumer goods. Consumers have become more and more receptive to environmentally-friendly renewable, bio-based materials and degradable materials, and have an increasing environmental demand for sports shoes and clothing. Many enterprises have also released related double-carbon paths and the like.
In addition, in recent years, consumers have paid more attention to the health of individuals and family members, and more and more people have participated in sports, especially running, which has simple requirements for equipments and places, and is a more extensive and simple sport. Especially in the past five years, the Marathon sport has developed explosively, with the number of Marathon races in China increasing by hundreds each year. Running has become popular all over the country and has become a fashion and lifestyle. Marathon is a high-energy, high-sweat running event, and the requirements for sportswear are higher than other sports. Among them, the function of moisture absorption and quick drying is one of the most basic and core requirements for running clothing. The current running clothing is mainly some conventional polyester blend fabrics, but none of them can meet the requirements of moisture-absorbing, quick-drying and biodegradability very well.
In view of this, the present application provides a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, a preparation method therefor and applications thereof in such as fabrics and garments. The degradable microporous composite fiber provided in the present application can improve the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying properties of fabrics and garments, and at the same time has degradability and is environmentally friendly.
The present application provides a method for preparing a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, comprising:
In an embodiment of the present application, the polybutylene adipate terephthalate has a melting point of 120° C. to 150° C. and a weight average molecular weight of 120,000 to 150,000.
In an embodiment of the present application, the polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of 300 to 500 and an alcoholysis degree of 90% to 95%.
In an embodiment of the present application, a mass ratio of the sheath to the core in the sheath-core configuration is 1:9 to 3:7.
In an embodiment of the present application, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
In an embodiment of the present application, in the spinning process a sheath-spinning temperature is 190° C. to 210° C. and a core-spinning temperature is 200° C. to 210° C.
In an embodiment of the present application, the washing with hot water at 70° C. to 100° C. comprises: firstly performing a first hot water washing at 90° C. to 100° C. using hot water containing sodium carbonate and holding the temperature for 20 min to 30 min, then performing a second hot water washing at 70° C. to 80° C. using hot water containing glacial acetic acid;
The present application provides a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method and has a sheath-core configuration and a fiber fineness of 50 D to 75 D.
The present application provides a fabric, which is formed by weaving the above-mentioned degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber.
The present application provides a garment, which comprises the above-mentioned fabric.
Compared with the prior art, in the embodiments of the present application, polybutylene adipate terephthalate and polyvinyl alcohol are subjected to blending and composite spinning to obtain a composite fiber with sheath-core configuration, then the composite fiber with sheath-core configuration is woven into fabric, and post-finished, and the polyvinyl alcohol dispersed in the sheath is dissolved out to form a fabric with sheath-core configuration with micro-pit on the fiber surface; or the composite fiber with sheath-core configuration is post-finished to form a fiber with a surface micropore structure, and then the fiber is woven into fabric. The present application develops a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous fiber (yarn), fabric and garment through a series of technological processes such as selecting degradable raw materials, spinning, post-finishing and the like, which is beneficial to meet the environmental protection requirements and functional requirements of consumers for sports shoes and clothing.
Hereinafter the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Apparently, the embodiments to be described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
The present application provides a method for preparing a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, comprising:
The moisture-absorbing and quick-drying properties of fabrics and garments can be improved by adopting the degradable microporous composite fiber provided by the present application, and at the same time, the degradable microporous composite fiber is degradable and beneficial to environmental protection.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the slices of polybutylene adipate terephthalate and polyvinyl alcohol are preferably respectively dried in a vacuum rotary-drum at 80° C. to 90° C., so that the two raw material particles can be dried until the moisture content is below 50 ppm, which is convenient for subsequent production procedures.
The polybutylene adipate terephthalate is generally a product of esterification polymerization of adipic acid, butylene glycol and terephthalic acid monomers. It is also known as poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT resin), etc. The macromolecular chain segment structure is shown in the following formula:
In the structural formula, x and y are both polymerization degrees; x is preferably between 50 and 80, and preferably between 20 and 40. In the present application, there is no special limit on the source of the polybutylene adipate terephthalate and it can be commercially available; preferably, it has a melting point of 120° C. to 150° C. and a weight average molecular weight of 120,000 to 150,000, specifically 120,000, 130,000 and 140,000, etc.
The polybutylene adipate terephthalate belongs to biodegradable polyester, which can be completely degraded and has good comprehensive properties. Moreover, in the present application, the blend spinning is performed using a water-soluble polyethylene glycol, which is non-toxic and safe; and is an incomplete alcoholysis polyvinyl alcohol and has good compatibility with spinning polymers in the present application. Specifically, the polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of 300 to 500, preferably 400 to 500, and an alcoholysis degree of 90% to 95%.
According to the mass ratio, in an embodiment of the present application, 100 parts to 110 parts of dried slices of polybutylene adipate terephthalate are fully mixed with 10 to 20parts of dried polyvinyl alcohol, and then are melt blended at 190° C. to 210° C. by a screw extruder and extruded for granulation to obtain blended particles, and preferably, the blended particles are further dried until the moisture content is below 50 ppm.
In an embodiment of the present application, the dried blended particles are sent to a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, in which the temperature is preferably 190° C. to 210° C., so as to obtain a spinning melt of the sheath; the dried slices of polybutylene adipate terephthalate are sent to a single-screw extruder for melt extrusion, in which the temperature is preferably 190° C. to 220° C., so as to obtain a spinning melt of the core, wherein the specifications of the slices of polybutylene adipate terephthalate are the same as those of the raw materials mentioned above. Then, the obtained spinning melts of the sheath and core can be metered by respective metering pumps respectively, sent to a composite spinning box, and subjected to spinning though a sheath-core composite spinning assembly, so as to obtain a composite fiber with sheath-core configuration.
In the composite spinning process described in an embodiment of the present application, the sheath-spinning temperature is preferably 190° C. to 210° C., and the core-spinning temperature is preferably 200° C. to 210° C.; the spinning speed can be 800m/min to 1500 m/min, specifically 900 m/min to 1200 m/min. In an embodiment of the present application, the nascent fiber is drawn or stretched after being ejected, and cooled to obtain the composite fiber; wherein the drawing multiple is preferably 2.3 to 2.5, the stretching temperature can be 70° C. to 90° C., and the temperature of cooling air during cooling is generally 15° C. to 25° C.
In an embodiment of the present application, the composite fiber has a configuration of a core and a sheath which is preferably coaxially coated, wherein the core is composed of polybutylene adipate terephthalate and the sheath is formed by blending and spinning of polybutylene adipate terephthalate and polyvinyl alcohol. A mass ratio of the sheath to the core of the composite fiber with sheath-core configuration is preferably 1:9 to 3:7, specifically 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, etc. The cross section of the composite fiber is generally circular, and can also be of other cross-sectional shapes.
In an embodiment of the present application, the obtained composite fiber with sheath-core configuration is made into degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber through a micropore forming and post-finishing process. In some embodiments of the present application, the composite fiber can be woven into fabric, and post-finished, and the polyvinyl alcohol dispersed in the sheath is dissolved out to form a fabric with micro-pit on the fiber surface. In other embodiments, the composite fiber with sheath-core configuration is directly post-finished to form a fiber with a surface micropore structure, and then the fiber is woven into fabric.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the microporous forming process of the composite fiber comprises: pretreatment-first hot water washing-second hot water washing-cold water washing-drying. Specifically, the pretreatment comprises: placing the composite fiber in deionized water at normal temperature and soaking for 20 minutes to 30 minutes, so that impurities are wetted and dispersed. The temperature of the first hot water washing is 90° C. to 100° C., the heating rate is 5° C./min, and the temperature is kept for 20 min to 30 min; the formula of washing water is preferably as follows: 0.5 g/L to 2.0 g/L of penetrant, 3.0 g/L to 5.0 g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5 g/L to 1.5 g/L accelerator. The penetrant is mainly fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, and the accelerator is preferably sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Further, the temperature of the second hot water washing is preferably 70° C. to 80° C., the heating rate is 5° C./min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min to 20 min; the formula of washing water is as follows: 0.5 g/L to 1.0 g/L of penetrant, 2.0 g/L to 4.0 g/L of glacial acetic acid and 0.5 g/L to 1.0 g/L of accelerant, wherein the preferred types of penetrant and accelerant are as mentioned above. In embodiments of the present application, preferably, part of the polyvinyl alcohol in the sheath is dissolved out through two hot water washing processes, and a uniform microporous structure is only generated on the surface of the fiber, which is beneficial to improving the quick-drying property. If the process is not properly controlled, the microporous structure is generated inside the fiber, resulting in a counter-effect on the quick-drying property.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the second hot water washing, the method further comprises cold water washing until the fiber is neutral, in which the cold water washing can be conducted at a temperature of 20° C. to 25° C. for 20 min; and conventional drying, to obtain the degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber.
In other embodiments of the present application, the composite fiber with sheath-core configuration is woven into fabric, washed with hot water at 70° C. to 100° C., and dried to obtain degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber and fabric. The hot water washing of the fabric at 70° C. to 100° C. also comprises two processes, wherein the temperature of the first hot water washing is 90° C. to 100° C., the heating rate is 5° C./min, and the temperature is kept for 20 min to 30 min; the formula of washing water is preferably as follows: 2.0 g/L to 3.0 g/L of penetrant, 3.0 g/L to 5.0 g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5 g/L to 1.5 g/L accelerator; the temperature of the second hot water washing is preferably 70° C. to 80° C., the heating rate is 5° C./min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min to 20 min; the formula of washing water is as follows: 1.0 g/L to 1.5 g/L of penetrant, 2.0 g/L to 4.0 g/L of glacial acetic acid and 0.5 g/L to 1.0 g/L of accelerant. The penetrant and accelerator involved in this method are the same as those mentioned above, and are not particularly limited.
The present application provides a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method and has a sheath-core configuration, a fiber fineness of 50 D to 75 D, and a fiber strength of specifically 3.2 cN/dtex to 3.7 cN/dtex. The moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber described in embodiments of the present application is mainly in the form of filament yarn (which can be called microporous sheath-core yarn), and the surface of the fiber is microporous (the specific surface area is increased to a certain extent), which has good moisture-absorbing and quick-drying property; and can be degraded after being used and washed with water, thus being beneficial to application.
The invention provides a fabric, which is formed by weaving the above-mentioned degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber. In some embodiments of the present application, the composite fibers with sheath-core configuration formed by blending and composite spinning of polybutylene adipate terephthalate and polyvinyl alcohol are woven into fabric, and post-finished, and the polyvinyl alcohol dispersed in the sheath is dissolved out to form a microporous fabric with a surface microporous structure. The content of the blended composite spinning is as described above. The weaving process in the present application is not particularly limited, and can be woven or knitted, and can be a conventional structure such as plain weave, and the gram weight of the fabric can be 110 g/m2 to 130 g/m2, which is suitable for clothing applications. The post-finishing includes the above-mentioned micropore forming process, which is mainly to wash the fabric with hot water to dissolve out part of polyvinyl alcohol to obtain microporous fabric with a surface micropore structure, which has good moisture-absorbing and quick-drying property and can also be degraded; Conventional printing and dyeing processes can be carried out afterwards.
The present application further provides a garment, which comprises the above-mentioned fabric. The garment provided in the present application can be sportwear used for such as running, so as to meet the requirements for environmental protection and moisture-absorbing and quick-drying functions of consumers for sports shoes and clothing.
In order to better understand the technical content of the present application, the follow specific examples are provided to further describe the present application.
The raw materials involved in the examples of the present application are all commercially available, wherein the slices of polybutylene adipate terephthalate has a temperature of 120° C. to 150° C. and a weight average molecular weight of 140,000 to 150,000. The polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of 400 to 500 and an alcoholysis degree of 90% to 95%.
The method for preparing the degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber comprises the following steps.
The gram weight of the formed microporous fabric was 120 g/m2.
The microporous fabric was conducted a performance test before and after the microporous forming process, and the results are as follows. By comparison, it can be seen that the microporous fabric after the microporous forming process according to the present application has improved moisture-absorbing and quick-drying property, and at the same time has a good biodegradability.
Table 1 Test results of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying property and biodegradability of microporous fabric in Example 1.
Table 2 Test results of fabrics woven only but not subjected to micropore forming
The method for preparing the degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber comprises the following steps:
The performance test results are as follows:
Table 3 Test results of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying property and biodegradability of microporous fabric in Example 2
As can be seen from the above examples, the present application develops a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous fiber (yarn), fabric and garment through a series of technological processes such as selecting degradable raw materials, spinning, post-finishing and the like, which is beneficial to meet the environmental protection requirements and functional requirements of consumers for sports shoes and clothing.
The principle and implementation of the present invention are illustrated by using specific embodiments herein. The above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to facilitate understanding of the method and the core idea of the present invention. The above description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limited expression of words, there are objectively infinite concrete structures. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various improvements, modifications and changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate way. These improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or directly applying the inventive concept and technical scheme to other occasions without improvement, shall be regarded as the protection scope of the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202311782468.6 | Dec 2023 | CN | national |
