Patent Application
20210381971
The invention relates to a dehaze and bacteriostatic structure, and more particularly to a dehaze and bacteriostatic structure excited by visible light.
Medical institutions, libraries, schools, indoor playgrounds, public transportation systems, and other indoor places or closed spaces are hotbeds for germs due to the large number of people entering and leaving. For the need of public health, regular disinfection to dehaze and inhibit growth of bacteria is a necessary measure.
As to the conventional methods for dehaze and bacteriostasis, bacteriostasis methods are quite diverse which are roughly divided into a normal sterilization method used locally and an unusual sterilization method needed clearance, the removal of people and appliance. For example, the former method uses bacteriostatic materials to make items, hand sanitizers (alcohol), masks, and so on; and the latter method use of spraying disinfectant water in localized areas, use of photocatalyst with ultraviolet or with strong excitant deep-ultraviolet for disinfection, and so on.
However, said methods cause the problem that bacteriostatic materials will gradually lose effectiveness over time, hand sanitizers are not mandatory and have the concern of harming the skin, use of spraying disinfectant water causes a bad smell problem, and use of photocatalyst with ultraviolet or with strong excitant deep-ultraviolet for disinfection need to remove people to prevent organisms damaged and need to remove appliance damaged by ultraviolet.
As for haze removal, it is common to use dehaze equipment, such as indoor air purifiers and outdoor dehaze towers, etc., but they consume a lot of resources, and causes invisible pollution when manufacturing these appliances, which is even more harmful.
As for portable dehaze method, wearing a mask causes discomfort, bringing along a portable negative ionizer affects physical activity, and equipping a car with an air cleaner not only occupies space, but also causes ozone hazard. Most of the dehaze equipment need to be regularly replaced with consumables, and thus have been criticized by the public for the high costs of use. Moreover, it is known that bacteriostasis relates to inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, and most of the method for dehaze use filter filtering or electrostatic adsorption. Thus, only a few ways can have both functions of bacteriostasis and dehaze at the same time. However, the methods that provide both functions of bacteriostasis and dehaze are applied in modular or electrical mode (nanoe, plasmacluster); in addition to high carbon footprints, huge amounts of energy are consumed and huge amounts of consumables are produced. Obviously, it is difficult for the conventional dehaze and bacteriostasis method to meet the requirements in usage.
A main object of the present invention is to disclose a dehaze and bacteriostatic structure which has both bacteriostasis and dehaze efficacies and can be used at all times.
A secondary object of the present invention is to disclose a dehaze and bacteriostatic structure that does not need to consume huge amounts of energy and produce huge amounts of consumables, has low carbon emissions, and can be used indoors and outdoors at all times with minimum restrictions.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a dehaze and bacteriostatic film comprising a substrate material layer and a composite surface plasmon layer, wherein the composite surface plasmon layer is formed on the substrate material layer. The composite surface plasmon layer includes a particle stacked film layer and a particle suspension layer. The particle stacked film layer and the particle suspension layer jointly generate a composite surface plasmon wave.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a dehaze and bacteriostatic film, which is excited by visible light to form the composite surface plasmon wave. Accordingly, different types of surface plasmon waves generated by the structures resonate and multiply with each other. The different surface plasmon waves add up to generate electromagnetic field intensity capable of dissociating spatial materials at a certain distance, such as water vapor to be partially ionized which is rich in hydroxide ions, and thereby producing effects of dehazing and inhibiting growth of bacteria in a surrounding environment through continuous generation of hydroxide ions. Further, the effects of dehazing and inhibiting growth of bacteria can be enhanced by increasing a thickness (number of layers) of the particle stacked film layer and the particle suspension layer to provide for using in other fields with different requirements.
The detailed description and technical contents of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
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The composite surface plasmon layer 20 includes a particle stacked film layer 21 and a particle suspension layer 22. In detail, the particle stacked film layer 21 is located on the substrate material layer 10, and the particle suspension layer 22 is located on the particle stacked film layer 21.
Furthermore, a surface 211 of the particle stacked film layer 21 away from the substrate material layer 10 releases a plurality of unsteady-state nanoparticles 24. The plurality of unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 are composed of nanoparticles selected from a group of metals, metal compounds and metal mixtures. For example, metal materials are such as copper, platinum, aluminum, or mixtures of the foregoing metals with a particle size between 1 nm and 100 nm; or compounds, alloys, or mixtures of the foregoing metal materials. A dielectric carrier layer 23 is provided on the particle stacked film layer 21. The particle suspension layer 22 is formed by infiltration or diffusion of the plurality of unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 into the dielectric carrier layer 23 during a manufacturing process. In detail, the plurality of unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 enters the dielectric carrier layer 23 in a chemical or physical manner, such as infiltration, diffusion, etc., to form the particle suspension layer 22 to generate localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR).
With the structures described above, the composite surface plasmon layer 20 generates a composite surface plasmon wave. In one embodiment, the substrate material layer 10 is a dielectric material and a light-transmitting material. The choice of material and whether the substrate material layer 10 is transparent can be decided based on requirements of usage.
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In the present invention, the spin coating method is used as an example. A nano-structured metal is easily charged to control concentration, rotation speed and baking temperature to form the particle stacked film layer 21 on the substrate material layer 10. In this way, a thickness and an arrangement mode of the particle stacked film layer 21 can be controlled. Also, because of the spin coating method, nano metal particles of the particle stacked film layer 21 are not arranged regularly. After spin coating and drying, the surface 211 of the particle stacked film layer 21 away from the substrate material layer 10 is capable of releasing the plurality of unsteady-state nanoparticles 24. Finally, the dielectric carrier layer 23 is formed on the surface 211. If the dielectric carrier layer 23 is formed by chemical and physical methods of roll coating, blade coating, spray coating, vapor deposition, sputtering, adhesion, adsorption, spin coating, and chemical vapor deposition, the plurality of unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 will enter the dielectric carrier layer 23 by chemical or physical method of infiltration or diffusion to form the particle suspension layer 22.
Accordingly, the particle stacked film layer 21 is formed by stacking the unsteady-state nanoparticles 24. A surface energy of the unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 is large, thereby the particle stacked film layer 21 is formed on the substrate material layer 10 by naturally stacking the unsteady-state nanoparticles 24, and because the unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 are suspended and distributed in the particle suspension layer 22, a cross-linked three-dimensional structure is formed. Therefore, a large number of two-dimensional planar film layers of the unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 contacting with each other are continuously stacked, and the particle suspension layer 22 simultaneously generates a large number of two-dimensional planar film layers of the unsteady-state nanoparticles 24 that are not in contact with each other.
Therefore, the particle stacked film layer 21 generates N surface plasmon resonances (SPR) as a layered structure with a limited thickness, and the particle suspension layer 22 simultaneously generates N localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) as a non-layered structure. Therefore, the particle stacked film layer 21 and the particle suspension layer 22 jointly generate a composite surface plasmon wave.
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When using the dehaze and bacteriostatic film of the present invention, as long as simply tear off the release layer 32, the adhesive layer 31 can directly stick to appropriate positions such as windows, lamp holders, automobile glass, mobile phone screens, etc. Visible light excites the composite surface plasmon wave in partially ionized air, such as water vapor to be partially ionized which is rich in hydroxide ions (OH—), and producing a bactericidal effect similar to nanoe. In detail, the composite surface plasmon wave produces a waterfall-like effect to impact substances with wave motions, causing partial substances to be ionized and to carry out positive and negative electricity due to energy absorption. Further, water vapor and oxygen with positive and negative electricity will inhibit growth of bacteria and decompose dirt. Similarly, this method also causes suspended particles to carry out positive and negative electricity and self aggregated, resulting in effects of dehaze and bacteriostasis.
Further, in the present invention, water vapor is ionized to be rich in hydroxide ions (OH—). Considering the generated OH— ions are coated in water molecules or water molecule groups, it is not easily to be reduced or eliminated by the environment, and thereby more partially ionized molecules can be produced and moving farther, so that the effects of dehaze and bacteriostasis can fill an entire space or open area.
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And the invention can choose whether to form the functional layer 30 on the particle suspension layer 22. The functional layer 30 is located above the functional dielectric layer 50, and the functional layer 30 includes the adhesive layer 31 and the release layer 32. The adhesive layer 31 is formed on the particle suspension layer 22, and the release layer 32 covers the adhesive layer 31. In this embodiment, functions of the functional dielectric layer 50 can be used to increase adhesion, reduce hydrophobicity, and so on.
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In addition to the functional dielectric layer 60 being used to increase adhesion, reduce hydrophobicity, etc., the functional dielectric layer 60 is also used as the dielectric carrier layer 23 to form the particle suspension layer 22.
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In summary, features of the present invention are:
1. To take visible light as an excitation light source, it doesn't need clearance to meet the requirement of being effective 24 hours a day.
2. When being used, there is no bad smell, no environmental toxicity, and no harmful substances are produced, which can meet the requirements of public health.
3. It can be used in various places for a long period of time, effectively dehazing and inhibiting growth of bacteria, and maintaining public health and safety.
4. No consumables that need to be replaced regularly or with certain quantity or amount, and thus will not cause secondary pollution.
5. It can be used indoors, outdoors, in transportation, etc., with minimum restrictions in usage.
6. It provides for long-term use without recession period.
