Claims
- 1. A method for dehydrocyclizing a dehydrocyclizable hydrocarbon comprising contacting the hydrocarbon at dehydrocyclization conditions with an acidic catalytic composite comprising a porous carrier material containing, on an elemental basis, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % cobalt, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % bismuth and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen; wherein the platinum group metal, catalytically available cobalt and bismuth are uniformly dispersed throughout the porous carrier material; wherein substantially all of the platinum group metal is present in the elemental metallic state; and wherein substantially all of the catalytically available cobalt is present in the elemental metallic state or in a state which is reducible to the elemental metallic state under dehydrocyclization conditions or in a mixture of these states.
- 2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the dehydrocyclizable hydrocarbon is admixed with hydrogen when it contacts the catalytic composite.
- 3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the platinum group metal is platinum.
- 4. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the platinum group metal is palladium.
- 5. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the platinum group metal is iridium.
- 6. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the platinum group metal is rhodium.
- 7. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the porous carrier material is a refractory inorganic oxide.
- 8. A method as defined in claim 7 wherein the refractory inorganic oxide is alumina.
- 9. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the halogen is combined chloride.
- 10. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the dehydrocyclizable hydrocarbon is an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule.
- 11. A method as defined in claim 10 wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon is an olefin.
- 12. A method as defined in claim 10 wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon is a paraffin.
- 13. A method as defined in claim 12 wherein the paraffin hydrocarbon is a paraffin containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms per molecule.
- 14. A method as defined in claim 12 wherein the paraffin is hexane.
- 15. A method as defined in claim 12 wherein the paraffin is heptane.
- 16. A method as defined in claim 12 wherein the paraffin is octane.
- 17. A method as defined in claim 12 wherein the paraffin is nonane.
- 18. A method as defined in claim 12 wherein the paraffin is a mixture of C.sub.6 to C.sub.9 paraffins.
- 19. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the dehydrocyclizable hydrocarbon is contained in a naphtha fraction boiling in the range of about 140.degree. F. to about 400.degree. F.
- 20. A method as defined in claim 2 wherein the dehydrocyclization conditions include a temperature of 800.degree. to about 1100.degree. F., a pressure of 0 to 250 psig, a LHSV of 0.1 to 5 hr..sup.-.sup.1, and a hydrogen to hydrocarbon mole ratio of about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.
- 21. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the acidic catalytic composite contains, on an elemental basis, about 0.05 to about 1 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.1 to about 2.5 wt. % cobalt and about 0.05 to about 1 wt. % bismuth and about 0.5 to about 1.5 wt. % halogen.
- 22. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the metals content of the catalytic composite is adjusted so that the atomic ratio of bismuth to platinum group metal is about 0.1:1 to about 2:1.
- 23. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the metals content of the catalytic composite is adjusted so that the atomic ratio of cobalt to platinum group metal is about 0.1:1 to about 66:1.
- 24. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the contacting is performed in a substantially water-free environment.
- 25. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the contacting is performed in a substantially sulfur-free environment.
- 26. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein substantially all of the catalytically available cobalt contained in the composite is present in the elemental metallic state after the method is started-up and lined-out at dehydrocyclization conditions.
- 27. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein substantially all of the bismuth is present in the catalytic composite in an oxidation state above that of the elemental metal.
- 28. A method as defined in claim 27 wherein substantially all of the bismuth is present in the catalytic composite as bismuth oxide or bismuth aluminate.
- 29. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalytic composite is in a sulfur-free state.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of my prior, copending application Ser. No. 602,935 filed Aug. 8, 1975 (now U.S. Pat. No. 3,981,795). All of the teachings of this prior application are specifically incorporated herein by reference.
US Referenced Citations (9)
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
602935 |
Aug 1975 |
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