The present invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for determining an occlusal or bite plane orientation. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for easily and accurately establishing and recording a patient's bite plane in relation to the relative horizontal and vertical alignment of the patient's face and head. The bite plane orientation may then be used in the fabrication of dental restorations and prosthetics.
While sitting or standing in a natural position, a patient's teeth typically should have an orientation that appears well centered and leveled in reference to the patient's facial features. Horizontal and vertical reference planes can be considered to create an attractive and natural looking set of teeth that also allow for proper mastication and occlusion. If a patient's face were perfectly symmetrical, the midline between the central incisors should be parallel and centered with the sagittal midline. Additionally, the patient's maxillary anterior incisal line, also known as the “bite plane” or “bite register”, should be parallel with the inter-pupillary eye line, a horizontal reference plane, and perpendicular with the sagittal mid-plane. However, very few individuals have perfect facial symmetry and dental orientation.
Often, bite impressions of the teeth necessary for dental restorations, prosthodontics, orthodontics or other procedures are taken without information regarding the orientation of the teeth or bite plane relative to the features of the face and head. Without the proper orientation, the resulting dental casts can lead to creation of dental restorations with improper occlusion of the patient's teeth and numerous aesthetic problems including an unnatural bite plane or a slanted maxillary midline and gum line. Some existing systems at least partially address these concerns but current systems continue to exhibit limitations.
Accordingly, a dental measurement device is disclosed that accurately captures the patient's bite plane and is easy to use. The dental measurement device can comprise a vertical orientation rod to align with a sagittal midline reference plane a patient. The dental measurement device can also comprise a baseline orientation frame coupleable to the vertical orientation rod to align to one or more landmarks, e.g. a corner of the ear (right otobasion superius) and corner of the eye (right exocanthion) of the patient to define a horizontal reference plane of the patient. The dental measurement device can further comprise a bite plate configured to be held in a mouth of the patient. In addition, the dental measurement device can comprise an extension arm for coupling the bite plate to the vertical rod.
A dental prosthetic manufacturing system for use with an articulator is also disclosed. The dental prosthetic manufacturing system can comprise a vertical orientation rod, a baseline orientation frame coupled to the vertical orientation rod, an extension arm coupled to the vertical orientation rod, and a bite plate coupled to the extension arm and containing an imprinted dental record of a patient. Additionally, the dental prosthetic manufacturing system can comprise a stand configured to couple with an articulator and support the bite plate. The stand can have a base configured to interface with and couple to the articulator, and a body extending from the base to support the bite plate.
In addition, a reference tool for modeling a dental prosthetic is disclosed. The reference tool can comprise a vertical reference bar, a horizontal reference bar, and a magnetic coupler for magnetically coupling the reference tool to a dental prosthetic.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention so that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and so that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. Other features of the present invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of the invention, taken with the accompanying drawings and claims, or may be learned by the practice of the invention.
These drawings are provided to illustrate various aspects of the invention and are not intended to be limiting of the scope in terms of dimensions, materials, configurations, arrangements or proportions unless otherwise limited by the claims.
While these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that various changes to the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the following more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the present invention, to set forth the best mode of operation of the invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is to be defined solely by the appended claims.
In describing and claiming the present invention, the following terminology will be used.
The singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a bar” includes reference to one or more of such components and reference to “aligning” refers to one or more of such steps.
As used herein with respect to an identified property or circumstance, “substantially” refers to a degree of deviation that is sufficiently small so as to not measurably detract from the identified property or circumstance. The exact degree of deviation allowable may in some cases depend on the specific context.
As used herein, “adjacent” refers to the proximity of two structures or elements. Particularly, elements that are identified as being “adjacent” may be either abutting or connected. Such elements may also be near or close to each other without necessarily contacting each other. The exact degree of proximity may in some cases depend on the specific context.
As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, compositional elements, and/or materials may be presented in a common list for convenience. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member. Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as a de facto equivalent of any other member of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group without indications to the contrary.
As used herein, the term “at least one of” is intended to be synonymous with “one or more of” For example, “at least one of A, B and C” explicitly includes only A, only B, only C, or combinations of each.
Numerical data may be presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. For example, a numerical range of about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limits of 1 to about 4.5, but also to include individual numerals such as 2, 3, 4, and sub-ranges such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc. The same principle applies to ranges reciting only one numerical value, such as “less than about 4.5,” which should be interpreted to include all of the above-recited values and ranges. Further, such an interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or the characteristic being described.
Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims. Means-plus-function or step-plus-function limitations will only be employed where for a specific claim limitation all of the following conditions are present in that limitation: a) “means for” or “step for” is expressly recited; and b) a corresponding function is expressly recited. The structure, material or acts that support the means-plus function are expressly recited in the description herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined solely by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the descriptions and examples given herein.
Dental Measurement Device and Prosthetic Manufacturing System
With reference to
The dental measurement device 100 can include orientation components to align with and/or define the various anatomical planes of symmetry and orientation. For example, the dental measurement device 100 can include a vertical or midline orientation rod 110 to align with a sagittal midline reference plane of a patient. The dental measurement device 100 can also include a baseline orientation frame 111 coupleable to the vertical orientation rod 110 to align with one or more landmarks, e.g. the corner of the ear (right otobasion superius) and corner of the eye (right exocanthion) of the patient to define a horizontal base plane of the patient. Such eye and ear features of a patient are discussed in more detail below with respect to
As shown in
The dental measurement device 100 can further include a bite plate 120 configured to be held in the mouth of the patient and support impression or cast material (not shown) used to make a maxillary cast of the patient's teeth. In addition, the dental measurement device 100 includes an extension arm 130 (shown isolated in
The bite plate 120 may be sized and configured to fit in the patient's mouth and may be held in place by the upper and lower teeth or gums of the patient. The bite plate 120 may be of various sizes to accommodate different mouth sizes in small children, adolescents, and adults. In some embodiments, the bite plate 120 can comprise an arch portion 121 (sometimes referred to as a “bite fork”) or generally U-shape sized to fit in the patient's mouth, which may be held in place by the patient's teeth or gums. An impression of the patient's teeth can be made in the bite plate or bite impression material, which can record the patient's incisal edge position. In one aspect, the bite plate 120 can comprise an occlusal plate 122 fixedly coupleable to the arch portion, which may extend across the patient's tongue. Alternatively, the bite plate 120 can have an arch portion and an occlusal plate portion integrally formed in a monolithic structure.
The bite plate 120 may be attached to the orientation components (e.g., the vertical orientation rod 110) via a connection system 140, which can include the extension arm 130 and other coupling components described herein. The connection system 140 may be configured to allow alignment of the vertical orientation rod 110, the baseline orientation frame 111, and the horizontal orientation rod 112 with the vertical, horizontal, and/or frontal planes of the patient's face and head, as applicable. Once an orientation component is correctly adjusted, the connection system 140 may be locked into place to preserve the orientation of the patient's bite plane relative to the facial reference planes.
In one aspect, the bite plate 120 can be movable (e.g., translatable and/or rotatable) relative to the vertical orientation rod 110. For example, the bite plate 120 can be rotatable relative to the vertical orientation rod 110 to facilitate recording a frontal plane of the patient. In one embodiment, the extension arm 130 can comprise at least one joint 131 configured for rotating the bite plate 120 relative to the vertical orientation rod 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the at least one joint 131 is configured to rotate the bite plate 120 relative to the vertical orientation rod 110 in three rotational degrees of freedom, i.e., parallel to the sagittal midline reference plane, the horizontal plane, and the frontal plane. This is achieved, in the illustrated embodiment, by a ball and socket joint. In particular, a socket 132 is associated with a main body portion (e.g. the cube) 133 of the extension arm 130. The main body portion 133 can be associated with a coupling feature 141 configured to couple the extension arm 130 to the vertical orientation rod 110. The socket 132 is configured to receive and interface with a ball 134, which is associated with a coupling feature 142 configured to couple with a mating coupling feature 123 of the bite plate 120 to couple the extension arm 130 to the bite plate 120. The ball 134 is secured to the socket 132 by a securing ring 135, which can couple with an outer ring 136 about the socket 132. The securing ring 135 can include an opening sized and shaped to fit over the coupling feature 135. In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling feature 135 has a rectangular outer shape. The securing ring 135 has an opening 137 configured to accommodate passage of the coupling feature 135 through the opening 137 while also being configured to capture the ball at least partially within the socket 132. The securing ring 135 can also include one or more injection openings 138a, 138b to facilitate application of an adhesive through the injection openings 138a, 138b to fix the ball 134 and socket 132 relative to one another and prevent relative movement to preserve an orientation of the bite plate 120 relative to the orientation components (e.g., the vertical orientation bar 110). In one aspect, one or more of the injection openings 138a, 138b can be threaded to receive a set screw (not shown) to at least temporarily hold the joint 131 in a fixed position during adjustments to properly orient the baseline orientation frame 111, as discussed in more detail below.
In one aspect, the only movable components may be the bite plate 120 rotatable relative to the vertical orientation rod (e.g., via the ball and socket joint 131 of the extension arm 130), and the baseline orientation frame 111 translatable relative to the vertical orientation rod 110. All other positional or angular relationships may be fixed or maintained constant.
Although only a single joint 131 is illustrated in this embodiment, it should be recognized that any suitable arrangement of joints and joint configurations can be utilized to achieve a desired rotation of the bite plate 120 relative to the vertical orientation rod 110. In addition, in some embodiments, a ball and socket joint can be configured such that the ball 134 is associated with the main body portion 133 and the socket 132 is associated with the coupling feature 142. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the extension arm 130 can be configured such that the coupling feature 142 is associated with the main body portion 133.
It should also be recognized that the coupling features described herein can have any suitable design or configuration. For example, the coupling features 142, 123 are configured for a lateral sliding engagement and can rely on friction to maintain the connection. The coupling feature 141 can include a threaded rod 143 configured to extend through openings 144, 145 in the vertical and horizontal orientation rods, respectively, and be secured by a nut 146 (see
The dental measurement device 100 can be used to establish the orientation of a dental bite plane in relation to the facial planes of symmetry and orientation of a patient, as shown in
In one aspect, a line from an eye feature or landmark, such as the corner of the patient's eye (i.e., the exocanthion), to an ear feature or landmark, such as the top of the ear (i.e., the otobasion superius), can serve as a “baseline” or foundational reference for setting up the dental measurement device 100 relative to the patient to determine a position and orientation of the maxillary arch that can be translated to an articulator. Accordingly, the baseline orientation frame 111 can be positioned along the vertical orientation rod 110 and the vertical orientation rod 110 can be rotated relative to the bite plate 120 such that the baseline orientation frame 111 aligns with eye and ear features or landmarks of the patient, specifically the corner of the eye (i.e., the exocanthion) and the top of the ear (i.e., the otobasion superius), as shown in
With the baseline orientation frame 111 properly positioned, the joint 131 can be locked or fixed in position by applying an adhesive to the joint 131, such as by injecting adhesive into the injection openings 138a, 138b (see
As most individuals vary from having perfectly perpendicular and perfectly proportioned features (for example the lips may be slightly crooked on the patient's face), the recordation of facial and dental features by the present technology accommodates variance in patient symmetry and anatomy and allows for the creation of dental prosthetics that appear more attractive on the patient.
In one aspect, the bite plate 220 can be movable (e.g., translatable and/or rotatable) relative to the vertical orientation rod 210. For example, the bite plate 220 can be rotatable relative to the vertical orientation rod 210 to facilitate recording a frontal plane of the patient. In one embodiment, the nose extension arm 230 can comprise at least one joint 231 (
In some embodiments, the bite plate 220 (i.e., the occlusal plate) can have a ball 228 or a socket (see
The dental measurement device 200 can be used to establish the orientation of a dental bite plane in relation to the facial planes of symmetry of a patient by placing the bite plate 220 into the patient's mouth while engaging the teeth (with the bite plate 220, or by placing a separate bite impression material into the bite plate 220), such that a connection system (e.g., structure including the nose extension arm 230) extends from the bite plate 220 and out of the mouth of the patient. The vertical orientation rod 210 and the horizontal orientation rod 212 may then be connected to the nose extension arm 230, which can also be connected to the bite plate 220 (e.g., via connection plates fitting within corresponding connection housings or receptacles). The nose extension arm 230 can have a length sufficient to position the vertical and horizontal orientation rods 210, 212 beyond a tip of a nose of the patient.
The vertical orientation rod 210 may be adjusted by rotation and/or lateral motion until it is substantially parallel with the sagittal midline of the patient's head. Upon adjustment, the vertical orientation rod 210 may be dead center on the contact point of the middle of the center incisors. The vertical orientation rod 210 records the sagittal midline reference plane or line. In some embodiments, the vertical orientation rod 210 may also be adjusted to be substantially parallel to the frontal plane of the patient's head. For example, the nose extension arm 230 can include the joint 231 configured for rotating the bite plate 220 and the vertical orientation rod 210 relative to one another to facilitate recording a frontal or facial plane of the patient. The nose extension arm 230 can be configured to couple with a level 253 (see
The horizontal orientation rod 212 can be adjusted by rotation until it is substantially parallel with a horizontal reference plane, which can be facilitated by using a detachable level 254 (e.g., a bubble level). The horizontal orientation rod 212 records the horizontal reference plane or line. The pupillary rod 252 can be aligned with pupils of the patient to provide a physical representation of the interpupillary line, which may be in a horizontal reference plane in most patients and therefore parallel to the horizontal orientation rod 212. The first Fox plane frame 250, which is coupled to the vertical orientation rod 210 proximate the horizontal orientation rod 212, can be oriented in a horizontal reference plane, which can be facilitated by using a detachable level 255 (see
In some embodiments, the vertical and horizontal orientation rods 210, 212 are fixed relative to one another (e.g., in orthogonal planes). In other embodiments, the vertical and horizontal orientation rods 210, 212 are rotatable relative to one another, such as to align with a sagittal midline reference plane and horizontal reference plane that are not orthogonal. In addition, the bite plate 220 can be movable (e.g., in one or more translational and/or rotational degrees of freedom) relative to the vertical and horizontal orientation rods 210, 212.
Once properly positioned, the orientation rods 210, 212, the connection system (e.g., including the nose extension arm 230), and the bite plate 220 may then be locked in place with respect to one another in order to record the desired planes. These components may be locked into place concurrently or independently. For example, a set screw or other mechanical fastener can be engaged. Optionally, a resin or glue can be hardened about the connection system joints to prevent movement subsequent to recording. A bite impression taken while the orientation planes are recorded may later be properly oriented, relative to the planes of the patient's head, by referring to the record made by the dental measurement device.
The vertical orientation rod 210, the horizontal orientation rod 212, connection system (e.g., including the nose extension arm 230), and the bite plate 220 containing an imprinted dental record of a patient can be provided to a dental prosthetic manufacturer such that the record of the planes may be used in the creation of the dental prosthetics. With the nose extension arm 230 and bite plate 220 detached from the orientation rods 210, 212, these components will fit in a smaller mailing package and can be reassembled upon arrival at the dental laboratory. Furthermore, removal of the orientation rods 210, 212 before shipment may help eliminate bending and damage during transport while ensuring that the dental lab receives an accurate bite plane orientation.
The dental prosthetic manufacturing system 101 can also include a stand or mounting table 170 (shown isolated in
In use, the stand 170 can be coupled to the articulator 160. The vertical orientation rod 110 can be coupled to the articulator 160 with a slider mount 161. An alternative slider mount 161′ is shown in
In one alternative, a level can be removably associated with one or more of the stand base or occlusal table. The additional level can further improve correlation of position information between the system and a mold, especially used in connection with levels as previously described (e.g. Fox plane frame, interpupillary bars, nose extension member, etc.).
In some embodiments, as shown in
In another aspect, the lateral support arm 280 can be configured to facilitate vertical movement and/or horizontal movement of the vertical orientation rod 210 relative to the body 272. For example, an attachment fitting 281 of the lateral support arm 280 can have an attachment opening 282 configured to facilitate upward or downward sliding of the vertical orientation rod 210 under manually applied force but maintain a fixed relationship at rest when only subject to forces due to gravity. In addition, the lateral support arm 280 can include one or more rails 283 configured to facilitate a sliding engagement with the attachment fitting 281 toward or away from the stand 270.
The reference tool 202 can include a lateral offset arm 293 (see
The magnetic coupler 294 can include a mating protrusion 297a and recess 297b, each containing magnets 298 or a magnet and a magnetic material. The protrusion 297a and recess 296 can include a shape or “key” feature that can establish and maintain a relative orientation of the components to hold the reference tool 202 in a desired orientation relative to the dental prosthetic. The reference tool 402 includes a similar magnetic coupler 494, which includes mating protrusion 495 and recess (hidden from view) and magnets 497 or a magnet and a magnetic material. The protrusion and recess include a shape or “key” feature that can establish and maintain a relative orientation of the components to hold the reference tool 402 in a desired orientation relative to the dental prosthetic.
The reference tool 402 can also include an attachment fitting 495 with an attachment opening 499 configured to facilitate upward or downward sliding of the vertical bar 490 under manually applied force but maintain a fixed relationship at rest when only subject to forces due to gravity.
The foregoing detailed description describes the invention with reference to specific exemplary embodiments. However, it will be appreciated that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims. The detailed description and accompanying drawings are to be regarded as merely illustrative, rather than as restrictive, and all such modifications or changes, if any, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as described and set forth herein.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/635,387, filed Feb. 26, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62635387 | Feb 2018 | US |