Patent Application
20210000573
Dental prosthesis molding block and method for producing a dental prosthesis part from the dental prosthesis molding block
The present invention relates to a dental prosthesis molding block. The invention also relates to a method for producing a dental prosthesis part, in particular from the dental prosthesis molding block. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a computer program, which executes all steps of the method when run on a computer, as well as a data carrier that stores said computer program. Lastly, the invention relates to a dental CAD/CAM system, which is configured to carry out the method.
One-piece dental implants, in which the abutment part is firmly connected to the implant, have to date been pre-produced in standard shapes. These standard implants can be made of ceramic or titanium, for example, and can be linear or even angled. Customization of the one-piece standard implants is difficult, however, because the pre-produced parts have to be held and processed extraorally, taking into account a later screw-in rotation and screw-in height. It is very difficult to customize standard implants only after they have been inserted and healed into the jaw, because the energy to be introduced could heat or loosen the parts.
Implants that consist of multiple parts are therefore an alternative to the standard implants. In this case, an implant screw is a separate standard part that can be screwed into a customizable abutment structure. This can then easily be processed extraorally. However, in a multipart implant, gaps can form between the individual elements. These allow bacteria to migrate into the interior of the implant and from there, through mechanical effects of chewing, they can migrate out intermittently over time and infect the bone. This leads to peri-implantitis, which manifests itself in bone recession and a subsequent loss of the implant. Furthermore, in multipart implants, mechanical wear can occur at the connection between the elements. After several million chewing cycles, the screw, and with it also the abutment, loosens or the screw even breaks.
Automated CAD/CAM processes, in which the respective dental prosthesis part is carved out of a dental prosthesis molding block, are increasingly being used to produce the abutments of multipart implants. This makes it possible for manufacturers to provide a consistently high level of quality and accuracy of fit of the dental prosthesis while at the same time ensuring reasonable prices.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a dental prosthesis molding block, from which a dental prosthesis part can be produced by means of a CAD/CAM process that does not have the abovementioned disadvantages of multipart implants.
A further object of the invention is to provide a method for producing such a dental prosthesis part.
This object is achieved by a dental prosthesis molding block for producing a dental prosthesis part, in particular an implant, which comprises an inner material that is at least partially surrounded by an outer material. The hardness of the inner material differs from the hardness of the outer material. Hardness is in particular understood to be the Vickers hardness according to the standard DIN EN ISO 6507-1:2005 to -4:2005. The inner material can thus be used as a starting material for producing a pin having a self-tapping external screw thread, and the outer material can serve as a starting material for an abutment.
The inner material forms a portion of a first surface of the dental prosthesis molding block. The pin can thus be carved out of the first surface by removing material. It is therefore possible to produce a one-piece dental prosthesis part in the form of an implant extraorally using a CAD/CAM method. This combines the advantage of the one-piece design of standard implants, that no loosening of individual components can take place and that no gaps can form in the implant, which can be colonized by bacteria, with the advantage of multipart implants, that extraoral production of the abutment is possible. This production does not have to take place in a dental laboratory, but can also be carried out in a dental office.
The inner material is preferably completely surrounded by the outer material on the first surface. All other surfaces of the dental prosthesis molding block are preferably composed of the outer material. The pin thus protrudes from the first surface after the material is removed, and is otherwise completely surrounded by the outer material.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner material has a lower hardness than the outer material. The inner material is particularly preferably a metal, such as in particular titanium (Vickers hardness approx. 200 HV 10). In this embodiment, the outer material is particularly preferably a ceramic, such as in particular zirconium dioxide (ZrO2, Vickers hardness approx. 1250 HV 10) or a lithium disilicate (Vickers hardness approx. 650 HV 10) or glass ceramic. On the one hand. this allows a secure anchoring of the dental prosthesis part in the jaw by means of the metal pin formed from the inner material and, on the other hand, an aesthetically pleasing design of the ceramic abutment. Since the metal as the inner material is at least partially surrounded by an outer material in the finished implant as well, the abutment is provided with a special stability. In addition, the pin is formed in one piece with the inner material, which remains in the ceramic. In one embodiment, the inner material has a greater hardness than the outer material. Particularly preferably, the inner material is a metal and the outer material is a ceramic.
In another particularly preferred embodiment, the inner material and the outer material are metals. In this case, the metal of the outer material is harder than the metal of the inner material. Titanium (Vickers hardness approx. 200 HV 10) is advantageous as the inner material because of its good biocompatibility and incorporation properties, while a cobalt-chromium alloy (CoCr, Vickers hardness approx. 300 HV 10) is advantageous as the outer material because of its cost-effectiveness.
In yet another embodiment, the inner material has a greater hardness than the outer material. Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2, Vickers hardness approx. 1250 HV 10) is advantageous as the inner material because of its biocompatibility and aesthetics, while a cobalt-chromium alloy (CoCr, Vickers hardness approx. 300 HV 10) is advantageous as the outer material because of its cost-effectiveness, or a lithium disilicate (Vickers hardness approx. 650 HV 10) or glass ceramic is advantageous as the outer material because of its aesthetics and workability.
In a preferred form of the dental prosthesis molding block, said block comprises an internal screw thread, which extends into the inner material from a second surface. The second surface is opposite to the first surface. This allows further elements to be screwed onto the one-piece implant once it has been produced.
The object is further achieved by the method for producing a dental prosthesis part. First, a dental prosthesis molding block is provided. The dental prosthesis part is produced by removing material from the dental prosthesis molding block. This is done using a CAD/CAM process. A pin having a self-tapping external screw thread is formed from a portion of the inner material. The method thus makes it possible to use known CAD/CAM techniques to produce a one-piece dental prosthesis part, in particular an implant, from the dental prosthesis molding block.
The dental prosthesis molding block can generally consist of a single material, for example zirconium dioxide. A dental prosthesis molding block according to the invention is preferably provided. The direction of material removal is then selected such that the pin is formed from a portion of the inner material.
Unlike when processing one-piece standard implants, which have to be clamped by their pin, the dental prosthesis molding block can be secured in a CAD/CAM process via one of its surfaces. The pin is then preferably formed first in a first region of the dental prosthesis molding block by completely removing the outer material and partially removing the inner material. Then the outer material is partially removed in a second region of the dental prosthesis molding block, so that there is no surface of the dental prosthesis molding block in the second region on which the inner material is exposed.
The dental prosthesis part is preferably produced on the basis of data from a patient, so that it can be customized to the requirements of said patient.
If the dental prosthesis molding block has an internal screw thread that extends into the inner material from a second surface, the dental prosthesis part is preferably produced in such a way that a dental prosthesis supply element can be screwed into the internal screw thread of the dental prosthesis part. The dental prosthesis supply element can be an abutment, for example. In this embodiment, the one-piece dental prosthesis part then only forms a base for the abutment.
The computer program according to the invention is configured to perform all the steps of the method when it is executed on a computer. It allows different embodiments of the method to be implemented on a computer of a dental CAD/CAM system without having to make structural changes. For this purpose, it is in particular stored on a machine-readable data carrier.
Uploading the computer program to a conventional dental CAD/CAM system provides a dental CAD/CAM system according to the invention, which is configured to carry out the method.
Design examples of the invention are shown in drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description.
A dental prosthesis molding block 10 according to a first design example of the invention is shown in
In a second and third design example of the dental prosthesis molding block 10, the core of the dental prosthesis molding block 10 consists of titanium as an inner material 13. The outer material 14 is a cobalt-chromium alloy (second design example) or a glass ceramic (third design example).
In a fourth, fifth, and sixth design example of the dental prosthesis molding block 10, the core of the dental prosthesis molding block 10 consists of zirconium dioxide as an inner material 13. The outer material 14 is titanium (fourth design example), a cobalt-chromium alloy (fifth design example) or a glass ceramic (sixth design example).
In a seventh design example of the dental prosthesis molding block 10, which is shown in
In a first design example of the method according to the invention, a desired form of a dental prosthesis part is defined in a dental CAD/CAM system 30 on the basis of data from a patient. This data can be obtained with the aid of an intraoral camera, for example. A dental prosthesis molding block 10 is then inserted into the CAD/CAM system 30 according to one of the design examples described above, and secured there on its second surface 12 by means of a block holder 31. This is shown in
The material removal tools 32, 33 are used to remove material from the dental prosthesis molding block 10, starting at the first surface 11, to first form a pin 20 having a self-tapping external screw thread. This is shown in
If the dental prosthesis part 50 was produced from a dental prosthesis molding block 10 according to its seventh design example, it still has the internal screw thread between the pin 20 and a surface created in the course of the material removal, which is opposite to the pin 20. The region 151 of the opening 15, which has no internal screw thread, was completely removed in the process. A dental prosthesis supply element 60 in the form of an abutment can be screwed into the internal screw thread by means of a screw 61, as shown in
In a second design example of the method according to the invention, a desired form of a dental prosthesis part is also defined in a dental CAD/CAM system 30 on the basis of data from a patient. A dental prosthesis molding block 10, which consists entirely of zirconium dioxide, is then inserted into the CAD/CAM system 30, and secured there on its second surface 12 by means of the block holder 31. This is shown in
The examples of the dental prosthesis molding block and the method described above make the one-piece, customized production of dental prosthesis parts in the form of implants possible.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2017 221 344.2 | Nov 2017 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/082837 | 11/28/2018 | WO | 00 |
