Patent Grant
9435760
The present invention relates to a detector, and particularly to a detector for detecting sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) concentration.
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is effective for fighting against various viruses and bacteria, and solutions formed from sodium hypochlorite, e.g., bleach, are extensively adopted in various environments, utensils or foods with disinfection requirements. For example, solutions formed from sodium hypochlorite are applied to household cleaning, hospital disinfection, tableware or medical equipment disinfection, and food process bleaching. However, in bleach, the concentration of sodium hypochlorite needs to have different specified values in response to different application requirements. The concentration that is too low may fail to effectively provide adequate disinfection result, while the concentration that is too high may be hazardous to human bodies. Therefore, there is a need for measuring such concentration of the solution.
For example, in the U.S. Pat. No. 7,283,245, a system for measuring the concentration of multiple chemical or biological substances is disclosed. In the above disclosure, a disposable optical test element and a spectroscopic detector are adopted. The disposable optical test element is provided with a specific testing film having a constant spectrum reaction standard corresponding to a specific analyte. Through a change in light absorbance, luminescence, or other light-based forms of the specific analyte to the disposable optical test element, the spectroscopic detector detects the optical responses of the specific analyte to the disposable optical test element. Based on the spectrum reaction standard corresponding to the testing film, the concentration of the specific analyte can be measured. Thus, to measure the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite, the corresponding disposable optical test element is utilized.
The above optical measurement system is extremely costly. Further, the optical measurement system needs to be additionally connected to a computer in order to analyze the concentration of the analyte, in a way that a value of the concentration cannot be instantly obtained. As a result, the above optical measurement system may be inconvenient when being put to application.
As previously described, the above-mentioned conventional measurement apparatus is extremely costly, and needs to be additionally connected to a computer instead of being independently applied in order to obtain the value of the concentration. Therefore, the primary object of the present invention is to overcome the issues of such conventional measurement apparatus.
To achieve the above object, a detector for detecting sodium hypochlorite concentration is provided. The detector includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a housing and a processing unit. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed opposite each other, and are soaked in a sodium hypochlorite solution under detection. An electrical path is formed among the first electrode, the sodium hypochlorite solution and the second electrode. The housing accommodates the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode includes a first detecting portion, which exposes outside the housing to extend outward. The second electrode includes a second detecting portion, which exposes outside the housing to extend outward. The housing includes a first outer wall disposed at one side of the first detecting portion away from the second detecting portion, a second outer wall disposed at one side of the second detecting portion away from the first detecting portion, and a measurement space formed between the first outer wall and the second outer wall and separating the first detecting portion from the second detecting portion. The first outer wall has a height greater than that of the first detecting portion. The second outer wall has a height greater than that of the second detecting portion. The electrical path is located in the measurement space. The processing unit, electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, measures a plurality of ions in the sodium hypochlorite solution transmitted in the electrical path to obtain a conductivity of the sodium hypochlorite solution and to accordingly calculate concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution.
As such, with the first electrode, the second electrode and the processing unit of the present invention, the ions in the sodium hypochlorite solution transmitted in the electrical path can be measured to obtain the conductivity and to further calculate the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution. Compared to a conventional measurement apparatus adopting an optical detector, the detector of the present invention not only can be fabricated at low production costs, but also can instantly obtain the detected concentration through standalone measurement instead of having to be additionally connected to and analyzed by a computer to provide better convenience. The present invention further offers an advantage of having a small volume for better portability. Further, with the first outer wall, the second outer wall and the measurement space of the present invention, the electrical path in the measurement space is measured, thereby preventing unnecessary disturbances outside the first outer wall and the second outer wall from affecting the measurement for the concentration.
The foregoing, as well as additional objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The housing 30 includes a first outer wall 31, a second outer wall 32 and a measurement space 33. The first outer wall 31 is arranged at one side of the first detecting portion 11 away from the second detecting portion 21, and has a height greater than that of the first detecting portion 11. The second outer wall 32 is arranged at one side of the second detecting portion 21 away from the first detecting portion 11, and has a height greater than that of the second detecting portion 21. The measurement space 33 is formed between the first outer wall 31 and the second outer wall 32, and further separates the first detecting portion 11 from the second detecting portion 21 to form the measurement distance between the first detecting portion 11 and the second detecting portion 21.
In the embodiment, the detector further includes a first cover 34 and a second cover 35. When the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are not performing a measurement procedure, the first cover 34 may cover the first detecting portion 11 and the second detecting portion 21 that expose outside the housing 30 to connect to the housing 30, so as to prevent the first detecting portion 11 and the second detecting portion 21 from exposing to an exterior. The second cover 35 covers the power unit 50 exposing outside the housing 30 to connect with the housing 30. When the battery unit 50 is out power, the second cover 35 may be disengaged to replace the power unit 50. In one embodiment, for example, the first cover 34 and the second cover 35 are engaged with the housing 30 by a snapping fastening means.
First of all, the switch unit 70 is activated to have the power unit 50 supply the operating power for operating the processing unit 40. The detector is placed in the sodium hypochlorite solution 90, allowing the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 to come into contact with the sodium hypochlorite solution 90. For example, the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 is allowed to enter the measurement space 33, such that the first detecting portion 11 and the second detecting portion 21 both come into contact with the sodium hypochlorite solution 90. As such, the measurement distance between the first detecting portion 11 and the second detecting portion 21 forms an electrical path 80.
Through measuring a plurality of ions in the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 transmitted in the electrical path 80, the processing unit 40 obtains a conductivity of the sodium hypochlorite solution 90. Please refer to the description below regarding the measurement of the conductivity. When dissolved in water, sodium hypochlorite is hydrolyzed into an alkyl solution (sodium hydroxide, NaOH) and a hypochlorous acid (HClO) to form the sodium hypochlorite solution 90. The ions of the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 include hydrogen ions (H+), hydroxide ions (OH−), sodium ions (Na+) and hypochlorite ions (ClO−). When sodium hypochlorite is dissolved in water, the reaction is represented by reaction formula (1) as:
NaOCl+H2O→NaOH+HClO (1)
However, as the hypochlorous acid is a weak acid, the hypochlorous acid is partially separated into hydrogen ions and perchlorate ions (OCl−) as represented by reaction formula (2):
HOClH++OCl− (2)
These ions are conductive substances called electrolyte. When electricity is conducted between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, positive ions migrate to the cathode and negative ions migrate to the anode along the electrical path 80 to respectively generate an oxidation reduction reaction.
The overall conductive capability of the electrolyte is referred to the conductivity. The conductivity is represented by L, and is also a reciprocal of the resistance (R). That is:
L=1/R (3)
Like common solid conductors, electrolyte solutions also follow the Ohm's law, and thus equation (3) may be written as:
L=1/=1/ρ·A/ι (4)
In equation (4), ρ is a resistance coefficient or specific resistivity of the solution, ι is a distance between the electrodes, A is a section area of the conducted solution, and the reciprocal of ρ is referred to a conductivity coefficient, specific conductance or conductivity represented by κ; that is:
κ=1/ρ (5)
Therefore:
L=κ·A/ι (in a unit of S·m−1) (6)
The electrolyte concentration and the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 are directly proportional, and both correspond to the specific conductivity. Further, the electrolyte concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 and the conductivity form a relationship of a non-linear function. Therefore, through experiments, the non-linear function can be defined. By numerical means, the processing unit 40 converts the conductivity to the solution concentration through the non-linear function, and displays a numerical value representing the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 on the display unit 60.
Further, the conductivity of a liquid usually changes with a variation in temperature. Generally, based on a room temperature of 25° C. as a reference standard, the conductivity rises or drops by 2.1% for every 1° C. rise or drop in temperature. Hence, the detector may further include a temperature detecting unit 100, which is electrically connected to the processing unit 40. In the embodiment, for example, the temperature detecting unit 100 may be thermistor, and exposes in the measurement space 33 and is in contact with the sodium hypochlorite solution 90, so as to measure the temperature of the sodium hypochlorite solution 90. The processing unit 40 further performs automatic temperature compensation (ATC) procedure to calculate the correct concentration.
It should be noted that, with the first outer wall 31 and the second outer wall 32, a part of disturbances generated by the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 outside the measurement space 33 can be separated to prevent the value of the concentration from fluctuating drastically. The measurement space 33 further assists the sodium hypochlorite solution 90 to flow into the first outer wall 31 and the second outer wall 32 to come into contact with the first detecting portion 11 and the second detecting portion 21.
In conclusion, with the first electrode, the second electrode and the processing unit of the present invention, the ions in the sodium hypochlorite solution transmitted in the electrical path can be measured to obtain the conductivity and to further calculate the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution. Thus, compared to a conventional measurement apparatus adopting an optical detector, the detector of the present invention not only can be fabricated at low production costs, but also can instantly obtain the concentration through standalone measurement instead of having to be additionally connected to a computer. Further, with the first outer wall, the second outer wall and the measurement space of the present invention, the electrical path in the measurement space is measured, thereby preventing unnecessary disturbances outside the first outer wall and the second outer wall from affecting the measurement for the concentration.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7283245 | Xiao et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
| 20150226721 | Son | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 02227183 | Sep 1990 | JP |
| 09225468 | Sep 1997 | JP |
| Entry |
|---|
| JPO computer-generated English language translation of the Abstract for Shinohara et al. JP 02-227183 A , patent published Sep. 10, 1990. |
| JPO computer-generated English language translation of Tsuruata et al. JP 09-225468 A , patent published Sep. 2, 1997. |
| Table of Contents and Chapter 27 of the GE on-line Handbook of Industrial Water Treatment (2012)(twelve pages) authors and editors unknown. |
| Full Englsih language translation of Shinohara et al. JP 02227183 A, patent published Sep. 10, 1990. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20150377816 A1 | Dec 2015 | US |
