Patent Application
20100292120
The present invention relates to detergent compositions comprising an enzyme and a bleaching compound. In particular the present invention relates to such a detergent composition wherein the bleaching compound and the enzyme are located in different regions of the composition.
It is well known that detergent compositions comprising both an enzyme and a bleaching compound typically suffer from stability problems of the enzyme because of the detrimental effect thereon of the bleaching compound. This results in either 1) loss of performance of the enzyme and hence the detergent compound, and/or 2) the need to include increased levels of the enzyme in the detergent composition so increasing cost.
It has been attempted to address the above problem by separating the bleaching compound and the enzyme into different regions in order to reduce the possibility that the bleach will adversely affect the stability of the enzyme and products of this type are already commercially available.
Simply separating these ingredients into different regions has not been found to sufficiently address the instability problem of the enzyme as some reaction still takes place between the bleaching compound and the enzyme at the interface of the regions and thus stability of the detergent compositions and/or performance may still desirably be improved.
DE-A-4009532 discloses a cleaning composition formed from two detergent pastes. One paste comprises the enzyme, zeolite A builder and other bleach sensitive ingredients and the other paste comprises perborate monohydrate builder.
EP-A-976820 discloses three layered tablets wherein the external layers comprise the enzyme system and the central layer comprises a bleaching system. The layer comprising the enzyme system may also comprise a builder.
Despite the above there is still a need to improve enzyme stability in detergent compositions comprising an enzyme, a bleaching compound and certain organic builders.
It is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the above-mentioned problems. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions exhibiting good enzyme stability. It is a further object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions exhibiting good performance. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions exhibiting good enzyme stability and performance.
It has surprisingly been found that the enzyme stability and/or performance in a detergent composition comprising a bleaching compound and enzyme in different regions of the composition can be further improved when the region comprising the enzyme further comprises certain other ingredients.
Thus according to the present invention there is provided a detergent composition comprising an enzyme and a bleaching compound and comprising two or more distinct regions, wherein the enzyme is located in a first distinct region and the bleaching compound is located in a second distinct region and further wherein a builder comprising an amino acid based compound and/or succinate based compound is located in the first distinct region.
Preferably the enzyme comprises a protease.
It is preferred that the builder located in the first distinct region comprises an amino acid based compound and/or succinate based compound, most preferably methyl-glycine-diacetic acid, and salts and derivatives thereof and/or (glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid and salts and derivatives thereof and/or iminodisuccinic acid and alkali metal salts or ammonium salts thereof and/or (hydroxy)iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS) and alkali metal salts or ammonium salts thereof.
It is preferred that the bleaching compound is selected from inorganic peroxides or organic peracids and their derivatives and mixtures thereof, and in particular that it is selected from inorganic peroxides are percarbonates, perborates and persulphates and their salts.
It is preferred that the first distinct region comprises 10% wt or less of the total amount of bleaching compound in the detergent composition and most preferably is substantially free of bleaching compound and in particular is free of bleaching compound.
It is preferred that the second distinct region comprises 10% wt or less of the total amount of enzyme in the detergent composition, most preferably is substantially free of enzyme and in particular is free of enzyme.
It is especially preferred that the detergent composition according to the invention is a dishwashing composition and in particular an automatic dishwashing composition.
It is preferred that the composition is in the form of a shaped body.
According to a second embodiment there is provided the use of a detergent composition of the first aspect in a cleaning operation.
According to a third embodiment there is provided a process of cleaning soiled items by contacting the soiled items with a detergent composition of the first aspect.
Surprisingly, it has been found that compositions according to the invention exhibit improved enzyme stability and/or performance compared to the stability/performance achieved by simply separating the bleaching compound and the enzyme.
Unless stated otherwise, all amounts herein are given as the percentage by weight of active ingredient based upon the weight of the total composition.
The term ‘distinct region’ as used herein means a region either having a different composition to the adjacent region(s) or which is formed in a separate operation to the adjacent region(s).
The term ‘substantially free of’ as used herein means less than 0.5% wt of the material in question based on the total weight of that material in the detergent composition.
The terms ‘succinate based compound’ and ‘succinic acid based compound’ are used interchangeably herein.
The present invention will now be described in further detail.
The detergent compositions of the invention may be used in principle for any cleaning operation. However, it is preferred that the detergent compositions are laundry detergents or hard surface cleaning compositions for example dishwashing detergents, floor cleaners or surface cleaners. It is most preferred that the hard surface cleaning compositions are dishwashing compositions and in particular automatic dishwashing compositions.
The detergent composition may be used to clean soft surfaces such as fabrics and upholstery material and hard surfaces such as crockery, cutlery and household surfaces.
The detergent compositions of the present invention may be of any suitable form which allows the composition to comprise two or more distinct regions. Typically the detergent composition will be in the form of a shaped body such as a tablet, rod, ball or lozenge. It is possible that the composition may comprise a paste or gel region(s) provided that distinct regions of the composition may still be provided.
According to the present invention it is preferred that at least one distinct region of the tablet is solid (e.g. compressed powder, cast, injection moulded or extruded material), preferably at least two distinct regions. It is most preferred that no more than two regions are gel phases and depending upon the format of the composition it may be preferred that a single phase is a gel.
According to one embodiment of the invention all of the distinct regions of the detergent composition are solid. According to another embodiment the detergent composition comprises two or more solid distinct regions and one or two gel or paste phases. When the detergent composition comprises both solid and gel/paste phases, any suitable arrangement of these phases may be used as desired. These phases (regions) may be separated by water-soluble barrier means or film, e.g., made from water soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol if desired. One especially preferred embodiment is a multi chambered water soluble body, preferably a substantially rigid body, comprising at least one solid (e.g. particulate) composition and at least one liquid or gel composition.
For many applications e.g. an automatic dishwashing product, the detergent composition is preferably in the form of a unit dose product, i.e. a form which is designed to be used as a single portion of detergent composition in a washing operation. Of course, one or more of such single portions may be used in a cleaning operation.
The composition may be encased in a water soluble wrapping, for, example of PVOH or a cellulosic material. If such a wrapping is used, the detergent composition is preferably substantially surrounded thereby, most preferably totally surrounded thereby.
The detergent compositions of the invention comprise two or more distinct regions. The compositions may comprise three distinct regions and four or five distinct regions may be suitable for some applications.
The distinct regions of the composition will generally be of differing formulations. However, two or more distinct regions may have the same, or very similar, formulations if desired provided that the requirements for the location of the enzyme, bleaching compound and builder according to the invention are met.
The distinct regions may be adhered/joined together by any suitable means e.g. by compression the regions together, providing interlocking portions or by using a material which acts to adhere the regions together. Any suitable material may be used as an adhesive material between two or more distinct regions.
The detergent compositions of the invention comprise an enzyme in a first region. Minor amounts of an or the enzyme may be located in one or more further distinct regions of the detergent composition in addition to the first distinct region but it is preferred that the second region (which comprises the bleaching compound) comprises 10% wt or less of the total amount of enzyme in the detergent composition, or even 5% wt or less. Most preferably the second region is substantially free of enzyme and it is especially preferred that it is free of enzyme.
Desirably the enzyme is present in the compositions in an amount of from 0.01 to 3 wt %, especially 0.01 to 2 wt %, for each type of enzyme when added as a commercial preparations. As they are not 100% active preparations this represents an equivalent amount of 0.005 to 1 wt % of pure enzyme, preferably 0.01 to 0.75 wt %, especially 0.01 to 0.5% wt of each enzyme used in the compositions. The total amount of enzyme in the detergent composition is preferably in the range of from 0.01 to 6 wt %, especially 0.01 to 3 wt %, which represents an equivalent amount of 0.01 to 2 wt % of pure enzyme, preferably 0.02 to 1.5 wt %, especially 0.02 to 1% wt of total enzyme used in the compositions.
Any type of enzyme conventionally used in detergent compositions may be used according to the present invention. It is preferred that the enzyme is selected from proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases and peroxidases, with proteases and amylases, especially proteases being most preferred. It is most preferred that protease and/or amylase enzymes are included in the compositions according to the invention; such enzymes are especially effective for example in dishwashing detergent compositions. Any suitable species of these enzymes may be used as desired.
When a distinct region comprising the enzyme is a solid it may be produced by any suitable means e.g. by pressing (compacting) of a particulate material, extrusion, casting or injection moulding. However, according to one embodiment of the present invention it is especially preferred that this region is produced by pressing. This has the advantage that the process can be carried out at approximately room temperature and at temperatures up to about 40° C. which is beneficial for the stability of the enzymes as elevated temperatures which may be used in the other processes may be detrimental to enzyme stability.
The detergent compositions of the invention comprise a bleaching compound in the second distinct region. Minor amounts of the bleaching compound may be located in one or more further distinct regions of the detergent composition in addition to the second distinct region but it is preferred that the first region (which comprises the enzyme) comprises 10% wt or less of the total amount of bleaching compound in the detergent composition, or even 5% wt or less. Most preferably the first region is substantially free of bleaching compound and it is especially preferred that it is free of bleaching compound.
Any type of bleaching compound conventionally used in detergent compositions may be used according to the present invention. Preferably the bleaching compound is selected from inorganic peroxides or organic peracids, derivatives thereof (including their salts) and mixtures thereof. Especially preferred inorganic peroxides are percarbonates, perborates and persulphates with their sodium and potassium salts being most preferred. Sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate are most preferred, especially sodium percarbonate.
Organic peracids include all organic peracids traditionally used as bleaches, including, for example, perbenzoic acid and peroxycarboxylic acids such as mono- or diperoxyphthalic acid, 2-octyldiperoxysuccinic acid, diperoxydodecanedicarboxylic acid, diperoxy-azelaic acid and imidoperoxycarboxylic acid and, optionally, the salts thereof. Especially preferred is phthalimidoperhexanoic acid (PAP).
Desirably the bleaching compound is present in the compositions in an amount of from 1 to 30 wt %, especially 5 to 25 wt %, most preferably 10 to 20% wt.
The detergent compositions of the invention comprise a builder comprising an amino acid based compound and/or succinate based compound in the first distinct region. Minor amounts of the builder or a builder may be located in one or more further distinct regions of the detergent composition in addition to the first distinct region but it is preferred that the second region (which comprises the bleaching compound) comprises 10% wt or less of the total amount of builder in the detergent composition, or even 5% wt or less. Most preferably the second region is substantially free of builder and it is especially preferred that it is free of builder.
Conventional amounts of the amino acid based compound and/or succinate based compound may be used in the detergent compositions.
Preferred examples of amino acid based compounds according to the invention are MGDA (methyl-glycine-diacetic acid, and salts and derivatives thereof) and GLDA (glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid and salts and derivatives thereof). GLDA (salts and derivatives thereof) is especially preferred according to the invention, with the tetrasodium salt thereof being especially preferred. Other suitable builders are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,426,229 which is incorporated by reference herein. Particular suitable builders include; for example, aspartic acid-N-monoacetic acid (ASMA), aspartic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (ASDA), aspartic acid-N-monopropionic acid (ASMP), iminodisuccinic acid (IDA), N-(2-sulfomethyl) aspartic acid (SMAS), N-(2-sulfoethyl)aspartic acid (SEAS), N-(2-sulfomethyl)glutamic acid (SMGL), N-(2-sulfoethyl)glutamic acid (SEGL), N-methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA), α-alanine-N,N-diacetic acid (α-ALDA), β-alanine-N,N-diacetic acid (β-ALDA), serine-N,N-diacetic acid (SEDA), isoserine-N,N-diacetic acid (ISDA), phenylalanine-N,N-diacetic acid (PHDA), anthranilic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (ANDA), sulfanilic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (SLDA), taurine-N,N-diacetic acid (TUDA) and sulfomethyl-N,N-diacetic acid (SMDA) and alkali metal salts or ammonium salts thereof.
Further preferred succinate compounds are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,977,053 and have the formula;
in which R, R1, independently of one another, denote H or OH, R2, R3, R4, R5, independently of one another, denote a cation, hydrogen, alkali metal ions and ammonium ions, ammonium ions having the general formula R6, R7, R8, R9 N+ and R6, R7, R8, R9, independently of on another denoting hydrogen, alkyl radicals having 1 to 12 C atoms or hydroxyl-substituted alkyl radicals having 2 to 3 C atoms. A preferred example is tetrasodium imminosuccinate. Iminodisuccinic acid (IDS) and (hydroxy)iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS) and alkali metal salts or ammonium salts thereof are especially preferred succinate based builder salts.
Preferably the first distinct region comprises MGDA and/or GLDA and/or IDS and/or HIDS as builder.
In addition to the amino acid based compound and/or succinate based compound additional builders may also be present and these may be either phosphorous based or non-phosphorous based, or even a combination of both types. Suitable builders are well known in the art.
If phosphorous builders are also to be used in the detergent compositions of the inventions then it is preferred that mono-phosphates, di-phosphates, tri-polyphosphates or oligomeric-poylphosphates are used. The alkali metal salts of these compounds are preferred, in particular the sodium salts. An especially preferred builder is sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP).
If additional builders to the amino acid based compound and/or succinate based compound are used it is preferred that these are non-phosphorous builders.
The non-phosphorous based additional builder may be organic molecules with carboxylic group(s). Builder compounds which are organic molecules containing carboxylic groups include citric acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid and salts thereof. In particular the alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of these organic compounds may be used, and especially the sodium salts. An especially preferred builder is sodium citrate.
Preferably the total amount of builder present in the compositions is an amount of at least 5 wt %, preferably at least 10 wt %, more preferably at least 20 wt %, and most preferably at least 25 wt %, preferably in an amount of up to 70 wt %, preferably up to 65 wt %, more preferably up to 60 wt %, and most preferably up to 35 wt % based on the total weight of the composition. The actual amount used in the compositions will depend upon the nature of the builder used. It is especially preferred that an amino acid based builder is used in an amount of 20 wt % to 65 wt % as above.
The detergent compositions of the invention may further comprise a secondary builder (or cobuilder). This is preferably also located in the first distinct region. Preferred secondary builders include homopolymers and copolymers of polycarboxylic acids and their partially or completely neutralized salts, monomeric polycarboxylic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids and their salts, phosphates and phosphonates, and mixtures of such substances. Preferred salts of the abovementioned compounds are the ammonium and/or alkali metal salts, i.e. the lithium, sodium, and potassium salts, and particularly preferred salts is the sodium salts. Secondary builders which are organic are preferred.
Suitable polycarboxylic acids are acyclic, alicyclic, heterocyclic and aromatic carboxylic acids, in which case they contain at least two carboxyl groups which are in each case separated from one another by, preferably, no more than two carbon atoms.
Polycarboxylates which comprise two carboxyl groups include, for example, water-soluble salts of, malonic acid, (ethylenedioxy)diacetic acid, maleic acid, diglycolic acid, tartaric acid, tartronic acid and fumaric acid. Polycarboxylates which contain three carboxyl groups include, for example, water-soluble citrate. Correspondingly, a suitable hydroxycarboxylic acid is, for example, citric acid.
Another suitable polycarboxylic acid is the homopolymer of acrylic acid. Other suitable builders are disclosed in WO 95/01416, to the contents of which express reference is hereby made.
Preferably the total amount of co-builder present in the compositions is an amount of up to 10 wt %, preferably at least 5 wt %. The actual amount used in the compositions will depend upon the nature of the builder used. The distinct regions may contain any proportion of the total amount of co-builder as desired.
The compositions of the invention may further comprise one or more of the following optional ingredients in any one or more of the different regions of the detergent composition. The amount of any of the optional ingredients typically present in each distinct region of the detergent compositions will depend upon the % wt of the total amount of that ingredient desired to be included in that distinct region and the total amount to desired be used in the detergent composition. The typical amounts to be included in the different distinct regions can be calculated from the information given herein.
The detergent compositions preferably comprise one or more bleach activators. Any suitable bleach activator may be included for example TAED. Conventional amounts may be used e.g. in amounts of from 0.01 to 10 wt %, more preferred of from 0.1 to 8 wt % and most preferred of from 0.5 to 5 wt % based on the weight of the total composition.
The bleach activator may be located in any distinct region of the detergent compositions but it is preferred that it is predominantly located in a region other than that in which the bleaching compound is predominantly located.
The detergent compositions of the invention may contain surface active agents, for example, anionic, cationic, amphoteric or zwitterionic surface active agents or mixtures thereof. Many such suitable surfactants are described in Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd Ed., Vol. 22, pp. 360-379, “Surfactants and Detersive Systems”, incorporated by reference herein. In general, bleach-stable surfactants are preferred for use in at least the region(s) comprising the bleaching material.
A preferred class of nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants prepared by the reaction of a mono-hydroxy alkanol or alkylphenol with 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Preferably the surfactants have at least 12 moles particularly preferred at least 16 moles, and still more preferred at least 20 moles, such as at least 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol or alkylphenol.
Particularly preferred non-ionic surfactants are the non-ionics from a linear chain fatty alcohol with 16-20 carbon atoms and at least 12 moles, particularly preferred at least 16 and still more preferred at least 20 moles, of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the non-ionic surfactants additionally may comprise propylene oxide units in the molecule. Preferably these PO units constitute up to 25% by weight, preferably up to 20% by weight and still more preferably up to 15% by weight of the overall molecular weight of the non-ionic surfactant.
Surfactants which are ethoxylated mono-hydroxy alkanols or alkylphenols, which additionally comprises polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer units may be used. The alcohol or alkylphenol portion of such surfactants constitutes more than 30%, preferably more than 50%, more preferably more than 70% by weight of the overall molecular weight of the non-ionic surfactant. Another class of suitable non-ionic surfactants includes reverse block copolymers of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene and block copolymers of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene initiated with trimethylolpropane.
Another preferred class of nonionic surfactant can be described by the formula:
R1O[CH2CH(CH3)O]X[CH2CH2O]Y[CH2CH(OH)R2]
where R1 represents a linear or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 4-18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, R2 represents a linear or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon rest with 2-26 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, x is a value between 0.5 and 1.5 and y is a value of at least 15.
Another group of preferred nonionic surfactants are the end-capped polyoxyalkylated non-ionics of formula:
R1O[CH2CH(R3)O]X[CH2]kCH(OH)[CH2]jOR2
where R1 and R2 represent linear or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon groups with 1-30 carbon atoms, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl or 2-methyl-2-butyl group, x is a value between 1 and 30 and, k and j are values between 1 and 12, preferably between 1 and 5. When the value of x is >2 each R3 in the formula above can be different. R1 and R2 are preferably linear or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon groups with 6-22 carbon atoms, where group with 8 to 18 carbon atoms are particularly preferred. For the group R3 H, methyl or ethyl are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred values for x are comprised between 1 and 20, preferably between 6 and 15.
As described above, in case x>2, each R3 in the formula can be different. For instance, when x=3, the group R3 could be chosen to build ethylene oxide (R3═H) or propylene oxide (R3═methyl) units which can be used in every single order for instance (PO) (EO) (EO), (EO) (PO) (EO), (EO) (EO) (PO), (EO) (EO) (EO), (PO) (EO) (PO), (PO) (PO) (EO) and (PO) (PO) (PO). The value 3 for x is only an example and bigger values can be chosen whereby a higher number of variations of (EO) or (PO) units would arise.
Particularly preferred end-capped polyoxyalkylated alcohols of the above formula are those where k=1 and j=1 originating molecules of simplified formula:
R1O[CH2CH(R3)O]XCH2CH(OH)CH2OR2
The use of mixtures of different nonionic surfactants is suitable in the context of the present invention for instances mixtures of alkoxylated alcohols and hydroxy group containing alkoxylated alcohols.
Other suitable surfactants are disclosed in WO 95/01416, to the contents of which express reference is hereby made.
Preferably the non-ionic surfactants are present in the compositions of the invention in an amount of from 0.1% wt to 5% wt, more preferably 0.5% wt to 3% wt, such as 0.5 to 3% wt. The total amount of surfactants typically included is in amounts of up to 15% wt, preferably of from 0.5% wt to 10% wt, such as 1% wt to 5% wt. The distinct regions may contain any proportion of the total amount of surfactants as desired.
According to an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detergent compositions comprise one or more anti-corrosion agents, especially when the detergent compositions are for use in automatic dishwashing operations. These anti-corrosion agents may provide benefits against corrosion of glass and/or metal and the term encompasses agents that are intended to prevent or reduce the tarnishing of non-ferrous metals, in particular of silver and copper. In many detergent compositions according to the present invention it may be desirable to include more than one type of anti-corrosion agent to provide protection against corrosion of glass and metals.
It is known to include a source of multivalent ions in detergent compositions, and in particular in automatic dishwashing compositions, for anti-corrosion benefits. For example, multivalent ions and especially zinc, bismuth and/or manganese ions have been included for their ability to inhibit such corrosion. Organic and inorganic redox-active substances which are known as suitable for use as silver/copper corrosion inhibitors are mentioned in WO 94/26860 and WO 94/26859. Suitable inorganic redox-active substances are, for example, metal salts and/or metal complexes chosen from the group consisting of zinc, manganese, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, cobalt and cerium salts and/or complexes, the metals being in one of the oxidation states II, III, IV, V or VI. Particularly suitable metal salts and/or metal complexes are chosen from the group consisting of MnSO4, Mn(II) citrate, Mn(II) stearate, Mn(II) acetylacetonate, Mn(II) [1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate], V2O5, V2O4, VO2, TiOSO4, K2TiF6, K2ZrF6, CoSO4, Co(NO3)2 and Ce(NO3)3. Any suitable source of multivalent ions may be used, with the source preferably being chosen from sulphates, carbonates, acetates, gluconates and metal-protein compounds. Zinc salts are specially preferred corrosion inhibitors.
Preferred silver/copper anti-corrosion agents are benzotriazole (BTA) or bis-benzotriazole and substituted derivatives thereof. Other suitable agents are organic and/or inorganic redox-active substances and paraffin oil. Benzotriazole derivatives are those compounds in which the available substitution sites on the aromatic ring are partially or completely substituted. Suitable substituents are linear or branch-chain C1-20 alkyl groups and hydroxyl, thio, phenyl or halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. A preferred substituted benzotriazole is tolyltriazole.
Therefore, an especially preferred optional ingredient according to the present invention is a source of multivalent ions such as those mentioned in the immediately preceding paragraphs and in particular compounds comprising zinc, bismuth and/or manganese ions and/or benzotriazole, including substituted benzotriazoles. In particular a source of zinc ions and unsubstituted benzotriazole are preferred as anti-corrosion agents and a mixture of these two ingredients is especially preferred according to the invention.
Any conventional amount of the anti-corrosion agents may be included in the compositions of the invention. However, it is preferred that they are present in an total amount of from 0.01% wt to 5% wt, preferably 0.05% wt to 3% wt, more preferably 0.1 to 2.5% wt, such as 0.2% wt to 2% wt based on the total weight of the composition. If more than one anti-corrosion agent is used, the individual amounts may be within the preceding amounts given but the preferred total amounts still apply.
Polymers intended to improve the cleaning performance of the detergent compositions may also be included therein. For example sulphonated polymers may be used. Preferred examples include copolymers of CH2═CR1—CR2R3—O—C4H3R4—SO3X wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 are independently 1 to 6 carbon alkyl or hydrogen, and X is hydrogen or alkali with any suitable other monomer units including modified acrylic, fumaric, maleic, itaconic, aconitic, mesaconic, citraconic and methylenemalonic acid or their salts, maleic anhydride, acrylamide, alkylene, vinylmethyl ether, styrene and any mixtures thereof. Other suitable sulfonated monomers for incorporation in sulfonated (co)polymers are 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulphonic acid, 2-methacrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulphonic acid, 3-methacrylamido-2-hydroxy-propanesulphonic acid, allysulphonic acid, methallysulphonic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-(2-propenyloxy)propanesulphonic acid, 2-methyl-2-propenen-1-sulphonic acid, styrenesulphonic acid, vinylsulphonic acid, 3-sulphopropyl acrylate, 3-sulphopropylmethacrylate, sulphomethylacrylamide, sulphomethylmethacrylamide and water soluble salts thereof. Suitable sulphonated polymers are also described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,308,532 and in WO 2005/090541.
When a sulfonated polymer is present, it is preferably present in the composition in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably at least 0.5 wt %, more preferably at least 1 wt %, and most preferably at least 3 wt %, up to 40 wt %, preferably up to 25 wt %, more preferably up to 15 wt %, and most preferably up to 10 wt %. The distinct regions may contain any proportion of the total amount of sulphonated polymer as desired.
The detergent composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more foam control agents. Suitable foam control agents for this purpose are all those conventionally used in this field, such as, for example, silicones and their derivatives and paraffin oil. The foam control agents are preferably present in the composition in amounts of 5% by weight or less of the total weight of the composition. The amount in each distinct region may be chosen as desired.
If any distinct region of the detergent composition is in the form of a shaped body or a tablet then a conventional amount of a binder material may be included in that region. Any conventional binders may be used, typically in an amount of up to 10% wt, more preferably in an amount of up to 5% wt in that distinct region. Suitable binders include polyethylene glycols.
The detergent compositions of the invention may also comprise minor, conventional amounts of perfumes, preservatives and/or colourants in any one or more of the distinct regions. Thickeners may also be used in paste and gel distinct regions. Any suitable thickeners may be used with gums, polymers and gels being preferred. Such ingredients are typically present in amounts of up to 2% wt in the region in which they are used.
The compositions of the invention may be made by any suitable method depending upon their format. For example wherein the composition comprises solid or semi-solid zones these may be made by conventional techniques such as by compression of material, e.g. granular/particulate material, in a mould or by casting or extrusion methods. The regions may be made by producing each region separately and then contacting those regions to produce the final composition, by producing the regions sequentially upon each other, or by producing each region concurrently. Manufacturing methods for detergent compositions are well known in the art and do not require further explanation here.
The invention is further described with reference to the following non-limiting Examples. Further examples within the scope of the invention will be apparent to the person skilled in the art.
The cleaning performance according to the IKW protocol in a Miele G 651 SC Plus, Normal 50° C. washing program, water hardness 21° dH gave the following results:
It can be seen that surprisingly improved egg removal is obtained for formulations comprised of aminocarboxylate and a protease separated from the percarbonate bleaching compound than for compositions wherein the percarbonate bleaching compound is not present.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0718944.2 | Sep 2007 | GB | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB08/03274 | 9/26/2008 | WO | 00 | 7/12/2010 |
