Patent Application
20120271193
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of German Patent Application DE 10 2011 018 505.4 filed Apr. 23, 2011, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention pertains to a device for electroimpedance tomography and to a method for determining measured signals with a device for electroimpedance tomography.
Electroimpedance tomography (EIT) is increasingly used in medicine. Typical EIT devices use 8, 16 or 32 electrodes for data acquisition, current being fed through two electrodes and the resulting voltage being measured between the remaining electrodes. By combining different feeds and measurements, it is possible to generate a signal vector, from which the impedance distribution can be determined by means of a suitable algorithm or the relative change in the impedance distribution relative to a reference value can be determined in the electrode plane in functional EIT (fEIT). The latter method is used in status-dependent functional electroimpedance of the thorax, in which N electrodes are arranged around the thorax in a ring-shaped pattern in order to reconstruct a tomogram of the ventilation-related relative impedance change, which is an indicator of the regional distribution of the ventilation of the lungs, from the comparison of the signal vectors in different states of the lungs, e.g., end-inspiratory and end-expiratory states. Thoracic fEIT is well suited for the regionally resolved lung monitoring of ventilation, especially in intensive care units in hospitals.
A device for electroimpedance tomography is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,919,142 A.
The so-called adjacent data acquisition, in which current is fed through two adjacent electrodes and the voltages between the remaining electrodes are measured adjacent to each other, wherein current-carrying electrodes are left out because of the unknown voltage drop over the current-carrying electrodes, is a frequently used data acquisition strategy. Thus, thirteen voltage values are obtained for a current feed position. Thirteen voltages are again obtained for the current feed via a subsequent electrode pair, so that a total of 16*13=208 voltage measured values are present, from which the impedance distribution or relative change in impedance distribution can be determined with the use of 208 reference voltages with a reconstruction rule, which is applicable to this form of data acquisition.
Electrode belts, which consist of a support structure, to which the electrodes are attached and held in position, are usually used to attach the electrodes to the body of a test subject. Such an electrode belt is known from the document EP 1 649 805 B1, which forms this class. The electrodes are in flat contact with the body of the test subject and have a contact means, to which an electrode feed line each is connected as a lead of a multiwire feed cable. The effect of interferences is reduced by shielding each electrode feed line.
The electrode belt is divided into two groups of eight electrodes each, which are contacted each to a separate, multiwire feed cable. The multiwire feed cable has two strands, with which four electrodes are contacted.
Magnetic fields, which compromise the voltage measurements, may develop due to the current feed at adjacent electrodes. This magnetic cross-talk is slight as long as the electrode feed lines affected extend within a single multiwire feed cable. If a multiwire feed cable is located on the right-hand side and left-hand side of the electrode belt, the magnetic cross-talk is slight as long as the electrode feed lines for the current feed and the voltage measurement extend exclusively in the right-hand or left-hand feed cable. The maximum cross-talk occurs if the electrode feed lines for the electrode pairs for current feed and voltage measurement electrode pairs extend in different feed cables.
A basic object of the present invention is to improve a device of the above-mentioned type concerning the noise level during data acquisition at the electrode belt and to propose a method for determining measured values with a device for electroimpedance tomography.
According to the invention a device is provided for electroimpedance tomography. The device comprises an electrode belt with electrodes comprising a first group of electrodes and a second group of electrodes. The first group of electrodes is located adjacent to the second group of electrodes. The electrodes include an adjacent pair of electrodes comprising an electrode of the first group of electrodes located adjacent to an electrode of the second group of electrodes. A first group multiwire feed cable is provided comprising electrode feed lines electrically connected to respective electrodes of the first group of electrodes and a second group multiwire feed cable is provided comprising electrode feed lines electrically connected to respective electrodes of the second group of electrodes. At least one of the adjacent electrodes has an additional electrode feed line, which is led over the feed cable of the adjacent group.
The device may advantageously include a belt buckle at the electrode belt, wherein the two groups of electrodes are located on each of two sides of the belt buckle. The electrodes located adjacent to each other that are from different groups may be located at the beginning of the belt on both sides of the belt buckle or at the end of the respective group.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a method is provided for determining measured signals with a device for electroimpedance tomography. The method comprises the steps of providing an electrode belt comprising at least two groups of electrodes located next to each other, which are contacted each via multiwire feed cables and electrically connecting at least one electrode of two adjacent electrodes which belong to different groups, with an additional electrode feed line, which extends via the feed cable of adjacent group of electrodes.
In a device for electroimpedance tomography with an electrode belt, which has electrodes, groups of electrodes located next to each other are formed. Electrodes that belong to one group are contacted with at least one multiwire feed cable. The groups may have an equal number of electrodes or different numbers of electrodes. Provisions are made according to the present invention for at least one electrode of two electrodes located adjacent to each other, which belong to two different groups, to be also contacted via a feed cable of the adjacent group. It was surprisingly found that the magnetic cross-talk and hence also the interference signal can be markedly reduced during data acquisition due to such a double electrical connection of an electrode via two separate feed cables. The double electrical connection relates preferably to electrodes that are located in the boundary area of adjacent groups, and different, multiwire feed cables are present between two adjacent electrodes. The term “electrodes located adjacent to each other” is defined such that it is two adjacent electrodes that have contact with the skin surface. Should a defect electrode be present, which is not in contact with the skin and current feed or voltage measurement is not consequently possible, the adjacent electrode is the electrode that follows the defect electrode and has contact with the skin.
The method of determining measured signals with a device for electroimpedance tomography by means of an electrode belt, which has at least two groups of electrodes located next to each other, which are each contacted via multiwire feed cables, comprises the electrical connection of at least one electrode of two electrodes located adjacent to each other, which belong to different groups, with an additional electrode feed line, which extends via the feed cable of the group of electrodes located adjacent to that electrode. Additionally electrically connecting both electrodes located adjacent to each other via the feed cable of the respective adjacent group of electrodes is also within the scope of the present invention.
An exemplary embodiment of the device according to the present invention is shown in the figure and will be explained in more detail below. The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.
In the drawings:
Referring to the drawings in particular,
While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2011 018 505.4 | Apr 2011 | DE | national |
