Patent Application
20060124226
The invention relates to a device and method for making a breaker ply or belt layer having a longitudinal axis, a breaker length and mutually parallel cords at a pre-set cord angle to the longitudinal axis.
A process for making breakers for car tyres used at the moment is as follows. First a broad strip is made of unvulcanized rubber in which cords are incorporated in the longitudinal direction. The strip, which is approximately 800-1600 mm wide, is cut at an angle to the cords, the cord angle, so that parallelogram-shaped bands are created in which cord parts are incorporated. In a so-called splicer the bands are spliced together with their sides butted to each other and the cord parts parallel to each other (butt spliced) into a long strip having diagonal cord-parts at a cord angle to the longitudinal direction of the strip. Said long strip is subsequently wound onto a roll and stored for use.
When building tyres, a roll is taken and placed on an unwinding trestle and is unwound., A cutting device cuts the strip parallel to the cord parts into breaker plies (or belt layers) having a breaker ply length adjusted to the tyre to be made. The breaker plies are transported to a building drum and wound onto it, in general two layers are arranged having mutually crossed cord directions so that a breaker or breaker package (belt) is created.
A drawback of this method among other things is that a stock of rolls has to made. However, because the rubber is unvulcanized, and has to retain a good adhesion and therefore may not dry out or age, the role cannot be stored too long. In addition the bands first have to be spliced together into a continuous strip, which usually at a later moment after unrolling has to be cut again very accurately into breaker plies. Errors and inaccuracies may occur due to these actions. Additionally a roll is suitable for one width size of a tyre only.
From US-A1-3,888,713 a device is known for making a breaker ply, using an extrusion device by which means a continuous cord-reinforced strip can be produced having cords oriented in the longitudinal direction of the strip. The strip is subsequently cut into bands by a cutting device, which bands are placed adjacent to each other and are subsequently spliced into a strip.
Additionally EP-A1-1211058 describes a device for making a breaker ply. Here an extrusion device produces a continuous rubber strip having embedded longitudinal cords. From said continuous rubber strip bands are cut by cutting diagonally at the cord angle to the longitudinal cords. The bands are placed adjacent to each other on a surface, wherein the longitudinal axis of a thus formed strip is at a cord angle to the direction of the longitudinal cords. Subsequently the formed strip is picked up and placed on a conveyor belt which has a transport direction that is in line with the direction of the longitudinal cords. The strip is spliced there to an already present continuous strip. From said continuous strip, breaker plies are cut further on in the process, which breaker plies are transported to the building drums and wound onto it into a breaker. Because the cutting results in delays, a buffer loop is present in front of the cutting device.
In the described process loops are necessary to counterbalance the differences in speed, as a result of which deformations may arise. In addition many actions have to be carried out with vulnerable strips, and various cutting steps are necessary.
From EP-A2-1,095,761 a method and device are furthermore known for making a breaker ply from bands that are cut from a continuous strip that comes out of an extrusion device, which largely corresponds to the method and device as described in US-A1-3,888,713. In order to create a breaker ply from a whole number of bands it seems that EP-A2-1,095,761 choose to adapt a distance or overlap between the trailing end of a previous band and the leading part of a next band such that the breaker ply consists of a whole number of bands. A drawback of this method is that an unequal distribution of weight around the final tyre may be created. An unequal distribution of weight which may moreover be periodical, so that the final tyre is susceptible to resonance.
For building a tyre usually two, almost identical, breaker plies are necessary, wherein the one after the other is arranged around a building drum such that the cords are at an angle. The quick manufacturing and arranging of said almost identical breaker plies is a problem.
It is an object of the invention to improve on this.
To that end the invention provides a device for producing a breaker ply having a longitudinal axis, a breaker ply length and mutually parallel cords at a pre-set cord angle to the longitudinal axis, wherein the device comprises:
The invention furthermore provides a method for producing a breaker ply having a longitudinal axis, a breaker ply length and mutually parallel cords at a pre-set cord angle to the longitudinal axis, wherein a continuous rubber strip provided with substantially parallel longitudinal cords, a set strip width and set centre-to-centre distance between the longitudinal cords one to the other, is produced in the longitudinal direction by means of an extrusion process, the continuous rubber strip is cut into bands at the cord angle, a predetermined number of bands with cords substantially parallel and adjacent to each other at a set band distance with respect to each other for forming a breaker ply having a pre-set breaker ply length are placed on a support surface, wherein the mutual distance of the bands is calculated to obtain a set length of the breaker ply, when the breaker ply has reached the target breaker ply length the breaker ply is transported in longitudinal direction to a building drum, and is wound on the building drum, wherein a predetermined mutual centre-to-centre distance of the cords and the width of the continuous band is set, the length of the breaker ply is measured during manufacturing, and the mutual distance of the bands is each time adjusted for realising a pre-set breaker ply length, wherein the adjustment of the mutual distance at the most is the centre-to-centre distance of the cords, preferably at the most 20% of the centre-to-centre distance.
By selecting an integrated assembly as suggested according to the invention a highly accurate and fast production of breaker plies and processing thereof without stock control problems is possible. An optimal process is possible wherein the entire build-up of the breaker ply from start to finish can be checked and controlled. Additionally, the production can be changed to another tyre size almost immediately.
The longitudinal cords in the continuous rubber strip in the end form the cords in the breaker ply. Said cords may be metal (particularly steel) cords or cords made of polymer material (synthetic fibre), such as Twaron, polyester of nylon, or cords of for instance cellulose. The cords may also be monofilaments of these materials. The cord angle can be set between 0 and 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the breaker ply. In practice the cords will have a cord angle of approximately 13-45 degrees, specifically approximately 18-32 degrees.
In an embodiment the second transport device is provided with a first drive and a first operator for operating the first drive, wherein the operator is adapted for controlling the drive for adjustably moving the support surface of the second transfer device with an adjustable transfer distance for positioning the next band, or a transport distance for transporting the breaker ply towards the building drum. Thus it is possible to place the bands that have been cut from the continuous rubber strip at a mutually adjustable distance from each other on the support surface of the second transport device. In an embodiment thereof the operator comprises a memory for the strip width and the breaker ply length, the centre-to-centre distance between the longitudinal cords, and a calculating unit for calculating a band number, being the necessary number of bands to form a breaker ply, and the transfer distance from the centre-to-centre distance, the strip width and the breaker ply length. As a result the breaker ply under construction can be very accurately transferred and each time a new band can be positioned in a highly reproducible manner in the breaker ply under construction. Due to an accurate setting of the distance between the breaker ply under construction and the bands, possible corrections may be carried out.
In an embodiment thereof the operator comprises a counter for counting the number of bands placed, and a decision routine for deciding to transport the breaker ply to the building drum when the number of bands placed equals the band number, or when the breaker ply length has been reached.
In an embodiment of the invention the device further comprises a measuring unit for measuring the length of the breaker ply on the support surface of the second transport device during making, the breaker ply, connected to the operator. Said measuring unit preferably is capable of measuring without contact. Preferably the measuring unit is a CCD camera with which each time when a band is added a recording is made in order to check the production process and if so desired control/adjust? it. The measuring unit may also be line scan camera. In an embodiment thereof the measuring unit is connected to the operator, wherein the operator is adapted for setting the transfer distance based on the measured length during manufacturing, the set breaker ply length and the centre-to-centre distance between the longitudinal cords. Preferably the shape of the breaker ply under construction is each time measured when a band has been positioned, so that possible deviations are established at an early stage and may possibly even be remedied.
By means of the above-mentioned embodiment it is possible to adjust the breaker ply length during the production of the breaker ply. During production it may for instance become clear from measurements of the length of the breaker ply length during manufacturing the breaker ply, that the final breaker ply will not get the correct dimension. This can now be corrected by adjusting the mutual distance of the bands. Said correction then takes place by the adjusting, the transfer of the support surface of the first transport device. In practice approximately 20-30 bands, each being 25-50 mm wide, will be used for a breaker ply. In an ideal case the bands will exactly abut each other, the cord distance (centre-to-centre): will be constant and the breaker ply will be built up from a whole number of bands.
The distance between each band will at the most approximately equal the centre-to-centre distance between the longitudinal cords, i.e. approximately 1 mm, when the outer cords are situated exactly along the edge of a band.
By for instance increasing said centre-to-centre distance by 10%, a breaker ply will become approximately 2-3 mm longer, and by reducing said distance by approximately 10% said breaker ply will become approximately 2-3 mm shorter. The adjustment is then distributed over the later tyre circumference, as a result of which no to little imbalances in the weight distribution of the final tyre will occur. Additionally the bands can of course be placed highly accurately, and the production process can be continuously monitored.
In an embodiment of the device according to the invention the first transport device furthermore comprises a placement device for picking up the continuous rubber strip or bands from the first transport device and placing it or them on the support surface of the second transport device.
In an embodiment thereof the placement device is positioned after the cutting device for placing the continuous rubber strip or band on the support surface.
In a further development thereof the placement device is provided with a splicer for splicing the bands together into a breaker ply.
In an embodiment of the device according to the invention the second transport device comprises a transfer device for transferring the support surface to the building drum for placing the breaker ply against the building drum.
A simple realisation of the device is achieved by opting for conveyor belts for the transport devices. Thus if so desired different conveyor belts can be deployed to realise a transport device. Preferably toothed belts are used so that transfer can be accurately set.
In yet another embodiment of the device according to the invention the second transport device comprises a first conveyor and a second conveyor, wherein the conveyors are positioned with their transport directions in line, wherein the first conveyor comprises a support surface for receiving the bands or continuous rubber strip and a drive to the operator.
In a further embodiment thereof the second conveyor comprises a support surface for supporting the breaker ply, wherein the support surface of the second conveyor is movable from a first position, in which the support surface of the first conveyor lies in line with the support surface of the second conveyor, to a second position, in which the support surface rests against the building drum.
The invention furthermore relates to an assembly for manufacturing a breaker for a tyre, comprising two devices for manufacturing a breaker ply as described above, for almost simultaneously manufacturing two breaker plies, wherein the second transport devices of the devices for manufacturing a breaker ply, with their transport directions are positioned substantially parallel to each other.
This results in an arrangement in which in a short period of time, particularly within approximately one minute, a complete breaker can be manufactured, wherein the breaker plies are not exposed to deformations, due to which the chances of errors and damages are reduced. Moreover smaller series can be made.
In an embodiment of said assembly the building drums of the first and second device for manufacturing a breaker ply, with their axes of rotation are positioned substantially in line, and are mounted on a building drum holder so as to be jointly rotatable about an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation. As a result the breaker plies can be simply arranged with crossed cord layers, without the breaker plies being exposed to further actions. Moreover time is gained.
In a further embodiment the extrusion devices of both devices for manufacturing a breaker ply, with their extrusion devices are positioned substantially parallel to each other. In a further embodiment thereof the extrusion devices are mutually connected, and the angle between the extrusion devices and the second transport devices can be set. As a result the cord angle can be set quickly and correctly. In an embodiment the first transport devices with their transport directions are positioned almost parallel. As a result a compact set-up is possible. In an embodiment thereof the transport directions of the first transport devices can be set.
In yet a further embodiment the second transport devices of both devices for manufacturing a breaker ply each comprise a support surface for supporting and transferring a breaker ply, wherein both support surfaces are movable to the building drums of the respective devices for manufacturing a breaker ply, wherein one support surface is movable to the upper side of the building drum for arranging a breaker ply on the upper side of the building drum, and the other support surface is movable to the lower side of the other building drum for arranging a breaker ply on the lower side of said building drum.
In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention it furthermore comprises a third transport device, of which the transport direction is substantially parallel to the transport direction of the second transport device, and a second cutting device for cutting the continuous rubber strip parallel to the first cutting device. As a result one extrusion device that may provide the second and third transport device with bands may suffice. In an embodiment an extrusion device may furthermore be provided, for simultaneously producing two continuous strips so that this device is able to almost simultaneously produce two breaker plies.
In an embodiment thereof the second cutting device is arranged for cutting between the second and third transport device. As a result two breaker plies can be made by means of one extrusion device.
In an embodiment the third conveyor comprises a support surface for a breaker ply, situated adjacent to and consecutive to the support surface of the second conveyor.
An embodiment of the device according to the invention is furthermore provided with a main operation device, wherein the main operation device comprises a memory and a data processing unit, and software for reading a set centre-to-centre distance between the longitudinal cords and the breaker ply length.
In an embodiment thereof the software is provided with a distance routine for calculating the target mutual distance between the bands from the band width, the centre-to-centre distance between the longitudinal cords and the target length of the breaker ply.
In an embodiment thereof the software is furthermore provided with operation routines for operating the placement device for transferring a partly formed breaker ply, wherein the transfer is calculated by means of the distance routine for calculating the mutual distance between the bands.
In an embodiment of the method according to the invention, a predetermined mutual centre-to-centre distance of the cords and the width of the continuous strip is set, the length of the breaker ply is measured during manufacturing, and the mutual distance of the bands is each time adjusted for realising a pre-set breaker ply length, wherein the adjustment of the mutual distance at the most is the centre-to-centre distance of the cords, preferably at the most 20% of the centre-to-centre distance.
In a further embodiment of this method the centre-to-centre distance and the target length of the breaker ply are entered into a computer provided with operation software, wherein the operation software calculates the distance that may be necessary between the bands.
In an embodiment thereof the operation software regulates the transfer of an already formed part of the breaker ply.
The invention furthermore relates to a method for building a breaker ply, wherein a continuous rubber strip provided with cords is produced in the longitudinal direction by means of a continuous extrusion process, the continuous strip is cut into bands at a cord angle, the bands are placed adjacent to each other on a support surface at a mutual band distance in order for several bands together to form a breaker ply having a pre-set length, the breaker ply on the support surface is transported to a building drum and is wound onto the building drum, wherein the mutual band distance is determined once again for each band of the breaker ply.
In an embodiment of thereof the building drum after arranging a first breaker ply is rotated about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drum.
In an embodiment thereof the building drum is rotated in the horizontal plane.
In an embodiment of the said method a second breaker ply is arranged over the first breaker ply, wherein the cords of the first and second breaker ply are crossed with respect to each other.
In an embodiment thereof the first and second breaker ply are supplied to the building drum with the cord angle in the same direction, wherein the first breaker ply is secured at the upper side of the building drum and is wound around the building drum, and the second breaker ply is secured at the lower side of the building drum and is wound around the building drum in opposite direction.
In an embodiment of the above-mentioned devices the support surfaces of the transport devices are provided with retaining units for retaining the breaker plies or breaker plies under construction onto the support surfaces. For an efficient action said retaining units can be switched on and off. Examples of such retaining units are magnets or vacuum units, for instance suction cups. It is preferred here that the support surfaces are provided with perforations and with pumps underneath the support surfaces for creating a vacuum, as a result of which the breaker plies are sucked onto the support surfaces.
The invention furthermore relates to a device for almost simultaneously producing at least two breaker plies for a belt, wherein each breaker ply has a longitudinal axis, a breaker ply length and mutually parallel cords at a pre-set cord angle to the longitudinal axis, wherein the device comprises:
A relatively compact arrangement is suggested for quickly producing a breaker. Moreover only one building drum and one extrusion device needs to be used in order to yet make a high productivity possible.
In an embodiment the extrusion device is adapted for simultaneously producing at least two rubber strips. Thus one extrusion device having one extrusion head suffices.
In an embodiment the second and third transport device are positioned above one another, preferably with their support surfaces practically parallel.
In an embodiment the device is furthermore provided with an operator connected to the drive of the second transport device and the drive of the third transport device, the cutting devices and the building drum for mutually time synchronously cooperation.
In an embodiment the one transport device is positioned with below and the other above the axis of rotation of the building drum or building drums. As a result the cords of the breaker plies can easily be arranged crossed.
In an embodiment the device furthermore comprising at least two placement devices, each for picking up bands from the first transport device and transferring and placing them in the longitudinal direction of the cords on the second and third transport device, respectively.
In an embodiment the second and third transport device each are provided with a placement device to transfer at least a part of the transport device in turns to a building drum to arrange a breaker ply against the building drum.
In an embodiment the device comprises two strip transport devices, having their transport directions mutually substantially parallel.
The invention will be further elucidated on the basis of exemplary embodiments of a device according to the invention, in which:
In
For each of both devices for manufacturing a breaker ply, the device 1 furthermore comprises an extrusion device for extruding unvulcanized rubber around the thread material 4, 4′ and cooling means 5, 5′, provided here with buffer loops, for cooling the extruded material. Discontinuities in the process can be counteracted here as well. As the continuous rubber strip is provided with longitudinal wires here, the rubber strip is hardly susceptible to stretch or other deformations.
The resulting continuous rubber strip with embedded longitudinal cords 6, 6′ is subsequently supplied to a cutting device 7, 7′ by means of a conveyor 8, 8′ offering a support surface, The continuous rubber strip is passed beyond the cutting device 7, 7′ by the conveyor 8, 8′ onto a second conveyor 9, 9′. In this embodiment the second conveyor 9, 9′ comprises several conveyor belts for each device for manufacturing a breaker ply.
The continuous rubber strip 6, 6′ is passed beyond cutting device 7, 7′ on a first conveyor belt 10, 10′ wherein the rubber strip is supplied at an angle, the cord angle α, α′, on the first conveyor belt 10, 10′. Subsequently the rubber strip 6, 6′ is cut diagonally by means of the cutting device 7, 7′. By means of drive 11, 11′ the conveyor belt 10, 10′ is subsequently driven in order to transfer the already built-up part of the breaker ply 12, 12′ so that the next band can be placed.
When the breaker ply 12, 12′ has the correct length, it is transferred to a second conveyor belt 13, 13′ also provided with drives 14, 14′. The second conveyor belt 13, 13′ subsequently transports the breaker ply 12, 12′ to building drums 15, 15′, which building drums are mounted on a drum holder 16, such that they are rotatable in the plane of the drawing as indicated by means of arrow 17, so that both drums may change places.
In
In
In
For a proper transfer and picking up of the breaker ply, the conveyor belt 13 is provided to that end with a retaining unit for retaining the breaker ply, particularly permanent magnets or electromagnets, or by means of a device for ensuring a vacuum. The breaker ply is supplied and built up on the upper side 20 of conveyor 10 and transferred on the lower side 21 of the conveyor 13.
In
In
The operation of the device 1 is as follows. Cords are unwound from the spools 3 and 3′ which cords are supplied to the extruder 4, 4′ wherein the cords are placed adjacent to each other with a mutual centre-to-centre distance and are provided with a layer of unvulcanized rubber material in the extruder, so that a continuous rubber strip 6, 6′ is created having embedded longitudinal cords wherein the longitudinal cords run parallel to each other and are equidistanced, the centre distance. The extruded rubber strip is subsequently passed through cooling means for cooling off, in one embodiment a cooling tower with loops, which cooling tower is indicated by 5, 5′. The length of the loops is adjustable to counterbalance possible differences in speed. This is not a problem here, as due to the cords in longitudinal direction the rubber strip is not susceptible to deformations which may adversely affect the final breaker ply.
The rubber strips are subsequently supplied on a first transport device which offers a support surface to the rubber strip and which transports the rubber strip past a cutting-device 7, 7′ and places it on the conveyor belt 10, 10′.
The cutting device subsequently cuts the strip diagonally at a cord angle α so that a band is created. Drive device 11, 11′ then activates the conveyor belt and transfers the partially formed breaker ply 12 in the transport direction indicated by large arrow A, wherein the partially formed breaker-ply 12 is shifted so far that a new part of the continuous strip 6 comes to lie adjacent to the already formed part of the breaker ply, at the correct, predetermined distance. Subsequently the cutting device cuts again and this continues until the complete breaker ply 12 is formed. Optionally the placement device or the transfer device may be provided with a splicer to splice the bands together, preferably by means of butt-splicing.
When the length of the formed breaker ply equals the pre-set length the breaker ply is subsequently transported to conveyor belts 13 and 13′. In the device 2 the breaker ply is here arranged at the lower side of the conveyor belt 13 where they are retained onto the conveyor belt by means of magnets or vacuum. In device 2′ the breaker ply is transferred from the first conveyor belt 10′ to a second conveyor belt 14′ by means of transfer conveyor belt 17. It is ensured here that during transport to the drum the formed breaker ply is not deformed so that the shape of the breaker ply no longer changes. As a result the breaker plies can be arranged onto the drum 15, 15′ highly accurately and without stress.
The conveyor belts for the two breaker plies 12 and 12′ are positioned parallel here, particularly adjacently, particularly with the support surfaces for the breaker plies parallel.
In an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, as shown in
After the conveyors 10 and 11 the breaker plies 12 and 12′ are further transferred by means of further conveyors and on the building drums, see the previous figures. In the shown embodiment the continuous strip, is first laid down at the correct distance next to the breaker ply under construction. After that the cutting devices 7, 7′ cut the continuous rubber strip, so that two breaker plies are manufactured simultaneously. In an alternative embodiment, two transfer devices, preferably positioned in line with each other, are provided that place the cut off bands onto the conveyor belts 13 and 13′.
The transfer device according to the invention in one embodiment is adapted for picking up either bands or one strip by means magnets that may or may not be permanent or by means of creating vacuum. The entire process is operated and monitored by the operation unit 100. The data measured by recorders are processed, compared to reference values, and on the basis thereof the process is adjusted. This adjustment may for instance be effected by means of the drive units 11 and 11′, by which means the mutual distance of the cut off bands can be adjusted. The conveyor belts may optionally analogous to the previous embodiment, transport the two breaker plies to two building drums which are positioned with their axes of rotation in line with each other, as shown in
Additionally the machine is equipped with measuring cells, such as for instance cameras or the like, which each time measure a breaker ply under construction and during arranging it on a building drum. For instance a measuring device will each time measure the shape of a breaker ply on the conveyor 12, 12′. On the basis of the current shape and dimension of a breaker ply under construction and the target dimension and shape, the operation unit of the conveyor orders the drive unit of that conveyor to transfer the breaker ply under construction so that a next band can be placed at a predetermined distance from the breaker ply under construction. Said distance will generally equal the centre-to-centre distance of the longitudinal cords. However, by adjusting the distance within limits, it will also be possible to adjust the overall length of a breaker ply a little. For instance, when the breaker ply is built up from 40 bands, an increase of the mutual distance between: the bands by 0.2 mm will render the breaker ply 8 mm longer.
In
In
In this embodiment it is possible that only one building drum 15 suffices, whereas, just like in
The operation is as follows. The extrusion device 4 simultaneously produces two parallel: rubber strips having embedded longitudinal cords. Via the conveyors 8 and 8′ the strips are passed parallel to the direction B of the longitudinal cords to the cutting devices 7 and 7′. Almost simultaneously bands are cut there from the rubber strip at a cord angle α to the longitudinal cords. By means of placement units both bands are picked up and placed on the conveyor belts 10 and 10′ respectively, behind already placed bands. The conveyor belts 10 and 10′ are activated by means of drives 11 and 11′, operated by means of the operator, to transfer the placed breaker ply parts in the transport direction A. The transfer is determined to preferably place the bands against each other. To adjust a whole number of bands in a breaker ply or to realise the target breaker ply length said distance can be selected to be slightly larger, however at the most 20% of the centre-to-centre distance of the cords larger to prevent that too large an imbalance is created in the final tyre.
When the operator establishes that the breaker plies are ready the breaker plies are transported further in the direction A and conveyors 13 and 13′ (on 13′ via transfer conveyor 17″ which is provided with magnets that may or may not be permanent or a vacuum unit) take over the breaker plies. Meanwhile new breaker plies are built again on conveyors 10 and 10′. Conveyors 13 and 13′ are meanwhile alternately transferred to the building drum in the positions indicated by means of the conveyors 13 and 13′ shown in dots and are activated by means of drives 14 and 14′. As a result the breaker plies are transferred to the building drum 15, which first rotates one direction about its axis of rotation and thereby picks up the first breaker ply, and subsequently rotates in opposite direction to pick up the second breaker ply. It will be clear that this breaker building device is capable of accurately manufacturing a complete breaker on a building drum on a very small surface area in a production facility, in a very short time.
It will be clear that the above description is meant to elucidate the operation of preferred embodiments, and that the invention is not limited to said embodiments.
The scope of protection of the claims can only be limited by the following claims. From the above explanation it will be clear that many variations are clear to the expert that are part of the essence and scope of the present invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1022246 | Dec 2002 | NL | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NL03/00926 | 12/23/2003 | WO | 1/23/2006 |
