The present disclosure relates generally to pressure relief, and more particularly to a device and method for selectively relieving pressure exerted upon a member.
When a person sits or lies in substantially the same position over a period of time, pressure may be exerted upon certain areas of the person's body. People who have substantially full mobility and nerve sensation will likely adjust their position to reduce stress on tissues and to allow blood to flow to areas that may have been restricted due to the pressure. However, when a person is bed-ridden or confined to a wheelchair, his nerve sensation is substantially reduced, and he is likely to sit or lie in the same position until another person is able to assist in moving him to a different position. Without periodic movement, the person is likely to suffer from tissue damage, due in part, to decreased blood flow to high pressure points.
Attempts to adjust positions of a bed- or chair-ridden person include providing actuators in the bed or chair that tip the person to a different position. The tipping is supposed to shift pressure to a different portion of the person's body. The angle to which the person is shifted may be severe and uncomfortable. Further, the person may be shifted several times a day and for extended periods in order to allow blood to re-circulate to those areas that were under pressure.
As such, it would be desirable to provide a device capable of selectively relieving pressure exerted upon a member.
A device for selectively relieving pressure exerted upon a member is disclosed herein. The device includes at least one housing and an electroactive polymeric material disposed within the at least one housing. The electroactive polymeric material is configured to expand when exposed to an electric field such that at least some of the pressure exerted upon the member is relieved.
Objects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will become apparent by reference to the following detailed description and drawings, in which like reference numerals correspond to similar, though not necessarily identical components. Reference numerals having a previously described function may not necessarily be described in connection with subsequent drawings in which they appear.
Embodiment(s) of the device and method disclosed herein advantageously allow the selective relief of pressure exerted upon members, such as, for example, human body parts, animal body parts, manufacturing materials, laboratory materials, mechanical parts, and the like. When a member contacts the device, pressure may be exerted upon the member. The pressure may advantageously be relieved at predetermined areas by expanding and/or contracting electroactive polymeric material(s) in the device. Embodiment(s) of the device may advantageously be used in any application where controlled support and/or pressure relief is desirable, including, but not limited to various medical applications, manufacturing applications, or laboratory applications.
Referring now to
The housing(s) 12 may be formed of any suitable material. In an embodiment, the housing(s) 12 is made of an engineering grade thermoplastic material having desirable structural and/or thermal properties. Further, the housing(s) 12 may have any suitable size, shape, geometry and/or configuration. It is to be understood that the housing(s) 12 may be designed to advantageously assist in controlling the form and/or position of the expanded electroactive polymeric material 14 (see
The electroactive polymeric material 14 is configured to respond to an external electrical field. Non-limitative examples of suitable electroactive polymeric materials 14 include polyurethanes, silicones, fluorosilicones, acrylics, isoprenes, and/or combinations thereof. When the electric field is selectively applied to the electroactive polymeric material 14, the material 14 is excited and expands in a predetermined direction (shown in
The electroactive polymeric material 14 may be positioned within the housing(s) 12 such that the expansion and contraction of the material 14 is substantially controllable. In an embodiment, the electroactive polymeric material(s) 14 substantially retracts into the housing(s) 12 in the contracted position (
After a predetermined time, the expanded material 14 may be contracted. Contraction may be accomplished via removal of the electric field. In one embodiment, the electric field may be applied to the material 14 until contraction is desired. As such, the contraction results from the removal of the electric field.
The electric field may be applied or removed by any suitable actuator/actuating device operatively connected to the device 10.
The predetermined time in which the material 14 is expanded may be determined, at least in part, by a user of the device 10, by the material 14 selected, and/or combinations thereof. For example, the material 14 may contract substantially spontaneously after the user removes the electric field.
Referring now to
In an embodiment, the plurality of stacks 15 is positioned on a supporting device 16 in a predetermined pattern. It is to be understood that single housings 12 (in addition to or as opposed to stacks 15) may be positioned on the supporting device 16 in a predetermined pattern. The predetermined pattern may include stacks 15 (and/or single housings 12) covering the entire supporting device 16, or may include stacks 15 (and/or single housings 12) arranged in a particular pattern for a desired end use.
The supporting device 16 may have any size, geometry, and/or configuration, for example, the shape of a bed, a seat of a chair (e.g. a wheelchair), a couch cushion(s), and/or the like. Supporting device 16 may be mounted to, or integrally formed with a bed, a chair, couch, etc. Further, the housings 12 on the supporting device 16 may be covered with a cushion (not shown) or other material that would make the device 10 substantially comfortable for sitting or lying down.
The method includes selectively exposing one or more electroactive polymeric materials 14 to the electrical field. It is to be understood that the application of the electric field may be dependant upon, at least in part, the area of the member M where pressure relief is desirable.
In the embodiment shown in
It is to be understood that the contraction of some materials 14 and the expansion of other materials 14 may occur substantially simultaneously or sequentially. In a non-limitative example, the electric field applied to the expanded materials 14 is removed to allow their contraction, and a second electric field is applied to the contracted materials 14 to allow their expansion. It is to be understood that selectively varying which materials 14 that are contracted allows different areas of the member M to experience pressure relief.
The first and second predetermined patterns may include a time interval pattern of when the materials 14 are expanded and contracted and/or a physical configuration/spatial pattern in which materials 14 are expanded and contracted. As such, some or all of the materials 14 may remain expanded for a predetermined time and in a predetermined configuration. The predetermined pattern may be selected, at least in part, on the desired pressure relief.
In the embodiments disclosed herein, it is to be understood that a mechanical variation may be made to the device 10 to provide a mechanical advantage to the device 10. A non-limitative example of the mechanical advantage may be in the form of a relatively simple or a relatively complex lever system 20, schematically shown in
Embodiment(s) of the device 10 and method disclosed herein have many advantages, including, but not limited to the following. In using embodiment(s) of the device 10, pressure may be relieved on a member M (e.g. a person confined to a wheelchair) without having to adjust the member M itself. The pressure is advantageously relieved at predetermined areas of the member by expanding and/or contracting the electroactive polymeric material(s) 14 upon which the member M sits or lies, thereby eliminating the need to physically move the member M to a different position, as the materials 14 are moved instead. Still further, embodiment(s) of the device 10 may advantageously be used in any application where pressure relief is desirable, including, but not limited to various medical applications, manufacturing applications, and/or laboratory applications. The use of such a device in medical applications may reduce the number of bedsores and increase the quality of life of a bed- or chair-ridden patient.
While several embodiments have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the disclosed embodiments may be modified. Therefore, the foregoing description is to be considered exemplary rather than limiting.