Patent Application
20240154750
The disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for E2 node control by a radio access network intelligent controller (RIC) in a radio access network (RAN). The disclosure relates to the apparatus and the method for controlling an E2 node through an E2 message conforming to an open radio access network (O-RAN) standard of a wireless communication system.
To satisfy a wireless data traffic demand which is growing after a 4th generation (4G) communication system is commercialized, efforts are exerted to develop an advanced 5th generation (5G) communication system or a pre-5G communication system. For this reason, the 5G communication system or the pre-5G communication system is referred to as a beyond 4G network communication system or a post long term evolution (LTE) system.
To achieve a high data rate, the 5G communication system considers its realization in an extremely high frequency (e.g., an mmWave) band (e.g., such as a 60 gigabyte (GHz) band). To mitigate a path loss of propagation and to extend a propagation distance in the extremely high frequency band, the 5G communication system has adopted beamforming, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional (FD)-MIMO, array antenna, analog beam-forming, and large scale antenna techniques.
Also, for network enhancement of the system, the 5G communication system is developing techniques such as evolved small cell, advanced small cell, cloud RAN, ultra-dense network, device to device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, moving network, cooperative communication, coordinated multi-points (CoMP), and receive interference cancellation.
Besides, the 5G system is developing hybrid frequency shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation (FQAM) and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) as advanced coding modulation (ACM) schemes, and filter bank multi carrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) as advanced access technologies.
The 5G system, new radio or next radio (NR) is commercialized to satisfy demands for wireless data traffic, and provides a high data rate service to a user through the 5G system like 4G. It is also expected that wireless communication services for various purposes such as internet of things and a service requiring high reliability for a specific purpose may be provided. Open radio access network (O-RAN) established by operators and equipment providers in a system where the current 4G communication system and the 5G system are used together defines a new network element (NE) and an interface standard based on the existing 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard, and suggests an O-RAN structure.
According to an aspect of the disclosure, a method performed by an E2 node, includes: transmitting an E2 setup request message to a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC); and receiving an E2 setup response message from the RIC, wherein the E2 setup request message includes a first global identifier of the E2 node, wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes a second global identifier of a next generation NodeB (gNB), and wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes first identification information of a gNB-central unit (CU)-control plane (CP) or second identification information of a gNB-CU.
According to an aspect of the disclosure, a method performed by a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC), the method includes: receiving an E2 setup request message from an E2 node; and transmitting an E2 setup response message to the E2 node, wherein the E2 setup request message includes a first global identifier of the E2 node, wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes a second global identifier of a next generation NodeB (gNB), and wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes first identification information of a gNB-central unit (CU)-control plane (CP) or second identification information of a gNB-CU.
According to an aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus performed by an E2 node, the apparatus includes: at least one transceiver; and at least one processor configured to: transmit an E2 setup request message to a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC), and receive an E2 setup response message from the RIC, wherein the E2 setup request message includes a first global identifier of the E2 node, wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes a second global identifier of a next generation NodeB (gNB), and wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes first identification information of a gNB-central unit (CU)-control plane (CP) or second identification information of a gNB-CU.
According to an aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus performed by a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC), includes: at least one transceiver; and at least one processor configured to: receive an E2 setup request message from an E2 node, and transmit an E2 setup response message to the E2 node, wherein the E2 setup request message includes a first global identifier of the E2 node, wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes a second global identifier of a next generation NodeB (gNB), and wherein the first global identifier of the E2 node includes first identification information of a gNB-central unit (CU)-control plane (CP) or second identification information of a gNB-CU.
An apparatus and a method according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure, may enable an E2 node to provide a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC) with an identifier related to a central unit (CU) or a control plane (CU-CP), and thus enable the RIC to effectively control the E2 node, regardless of base station deployment.
Effects obtainable from the disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects which are not mentioned may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art of the disclosure through the following descriptions.
The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Terms used in the disclosure are used merely to describe specific embodiments, and may not intend to limit the scope of other embodiments. Singular expressions may include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as those commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the technical field described in the disclosure. Among the terms used in the disclosure, terms defined in a general dictionary may be interpreted as having the same or similar meanings as those in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the disclosure, may not be interpreted as ideal or excessively formal meanings. In some cases, even terms defined in the disclosure may not be interpreted to exclude embodiments of the disclosure.
A hardware-based approach will be described as an example in one or more embodiments of the disclosure to be described hereafter. However, one or more embodiments of the disclosure include technology which uses both hardware and software, and accordingly one or more embodiments of the disclosure do not exclude a software-based approach.
The disclosure provides an apparatus and a method for transmitting to a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC) an ID of an E2 node to a near-RT RIC in a wireless communication system.
Hereafter, the preset disclosure relates to a control procedure between a device in a RAN and a device which controls the RAN in the wireless communication system. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a procedure, a message, and a method for a RIC to transmit a RIC control request message to an E2 node on an E2 interface, and to identify whether the E2 node correctly performs or fails in RIC control request, and its reason if it fails in the RAN.
Terms for signals, terms indicating channels, terms indicating control information, terms indicating network entities, and terms indicating components of a device used in the following explanation are illustrated for convenience of description. Accordingly, the disclosure is not limited to the terms to be described, and other terms having the same technical meaning may be used.
Also, in the disclosure, to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or fulfilled, expressions such as greater than or less than are used but are merely an expression by way of example, and do not exclude expressions of equal to or greater than or equal to or less than. A condition expressed as ‘greater than or equal to’ may be replaced by ‘greater than’, a condition expressed as ‘less than or equal to’ may be replaced by ‘less than’, and a condition expressed as ‘greater than or equal to and less than’ may be replaced by ‘greater than and less than or equal to’.
In addition, the disclosure describes one or more embodiments using terms used in some communication standard (e.g., 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP), open (O)-RAN)), but this is only an example for description. One or more embodiments of the disclosure may be easily modified and applied, in other communication systems.
As 4th generation (4G)/5th generation communication systems (e.g., new radio (NR)) are commercialized, differentiated service support is demanded for users in a virtualized network. The 3GPP is a joint research project among mobile communication related organizations, and aims to complete a 3G mobile communication system standard-applicable worldwide-within the scope of international mobile telecommunications (IMT)-2000 project of international telecommunication union (ITU). The 3GPP was established in December 1998, and the 3GPP standard is based on the advanced global system for mobile communications (GSM) standard, and includes radio and core networks, and service architecture all within the standardization scope. Accordingly, O-RAN has newly defined a radio unit (RU), a digital unit (DU), a central unit (CU)-control plane (CP) and a CU-user plane (UP) which are nodes constituting a 3GPP network entity (NE) and a base station as an O-RAN(O)-RU, an O-DU, an O-CU-CP, and an O-CU-UP respectively, and additionally standardized a near-real-time (NRT) RIC. The disclosure is to support an operator specific service model in the E2 interface where the RIC requests a service from the O-DU, the O-CU-CP, or the O-CU-UP. Herein, the O-RU, the O-DU, the O-CU-CP, and the O-CU-UP may be understood as objects constituting the RAN which may operate according to the O-RAN standard, and may be referred to as E2 nodes. An interface with objects constituting the RAN which may operate according to the O-RAN standard between the RIC and the E2 nodes uses an E2 application protocol (AP).
The RIC is a logical node for collecting information on a cell site transmitted and received between a user equipment (UE) and the O-DU, the O-CU-CP, or the O-CU-UP. The RIC may be implemented as a server centrally deployed in one physical location. The O-DU and the RIC, the O-CU-CP and the RIC, and the O-CU-UP and the RIC may be connected through Ethernet. For doing so, an interface standard for communications between the O-DU and the RIC, between the O-CU-CP and the RIC, and between the O-CU-UP and the RIC is required, and it is required to define a message standard such as E2-DU, E2-CU-CP, E2-CU-UP and a procedure between the O-DU, the O-CU-CP, the O-CU-UP and the RIC. In particular, differentiated service support is required for users in a virtualized network, and it is necessary to define message functions of E2-DU, E2-CU-CP and E2-CU-UP to support a service for wide cell coverage, by concentrating a call processing message/function generating in the O-RAN on the RIC.
The RIC may communicate with the O-DU, the O-CU-CP, and the O-CU-UP using the E2 interface, and may set an event occurrence condition by generating and transmitting a subscription message. Specifically, the RIC may set a call processing EVENT by generating an E2 subscription request message and transferring it to the E2 node (e.g., the O-CU-CP, the O-CU-UP, the O-DU). In addition, after setting the EVENT, the E2 node forwards a subscription request response message transferred to the RIC.
The E2 node may transmit a current state to the RIC through an E2 indication/report. The RIC may provide control for the O-DU, the O-CU-CP, and the O-CU-UP using an E2 control message. One or more embodiments of the disclosure suggest an E2 indication message for transmitting UE-based measurement information, for each period set in the subscription event condition at the O-DU. In addition, one or more embodiments of the disclosure suggest a message for controlling a resource transmitted from the RIC to the O-DU.
Referring to
The base station 110 is a network infrastructure for providing radio access to the terminal 120. For example, the base station 110 is a device which performs scheduling by collecting status information such as a buffer status, an available transmission power, and a channel status of the terminal 120. The base station 110 has coverage defined as a specific geographic region based on a signal transmission distance. The base station 110 is connected to the MME 150 through an S1-MME interface. Besides the base station, the base station 110 may be referred to as an ‘access point (AP)’, ‘an eNodeB (eNB)’, a ‘wireless point’, a ‘transmission/reception point (TRP)’ or other term having the equivalent technical meaning.
The terminal 120 is a device used by the user, and communicates with the base station 110 over a radio channel. In some cases, the terminal 120 may be operated without user's involvement. That is, at least one of the terminal 120 and the base station 110 is a device which performs machine type communication (MTC), and may not be carried by the user. Besides the terminal, the terminal 120 may be referred to as a ‘UE’, a ‘mobile station’, a ‘subscriber station’, a ‘customer-premises equipment (CPE)’, a ‘remote terminal’, a ‘wireless terminal’, or a ‘user device’ or other term having the equivalent technical meaning.
The S-GW 130 provides a data bearer, and generates or controls the data bearer under control of the MME 150. For example, the S-GW 130 processes a packet arriving from the base station 110 or a packet to be forwarded to the base station 110. In addition, the S-GW 130 may perform an anchoring role in handover of the terminal 120 between base stations. The P-GW 140 may function as a connection point to an external network (e.g., an internet network). In addition, the P-GW 140 allocates an internet protocol (IP) address to the terminal 120, and serves as an anchor for the S-GW 130. In addition, the P-GW 140 may apply quality of service (QoS) policy of the terminal 120, and manage accounting data.
The MME 150 manages mobility of the terminal 120. In addition, the MME 150 may perform authentication, bearer management, and the like on the terminal 120. That is, the MME 150 is responsible for mobility management and various control functions of the terminal. The MME 150 may interwork with a serving general packet radio service (GPRS) support node (SGSN).
The HSS 160 stores key information and a subscriber profile for the authentication of the terminal 120. The key information and the subscriber profile are transmitted from the HSS 160 to the MME 150 if the terminal 120 accesses the network.
The PCRF 170 defines a policy and a charging rule. The stored information is transmitted from the PCRF 170 to the P-GW 140, and the P-GW 140 may control the terminal 120 (e.g., QoS management, charging, etc.) based on the information provided from the PCRF 170.
Carrier aggregation (CA) technology is a technology which combines a plurality of component carriers, and transmits and receives at one terminal a signal using the plurality of the component carriers at the same time and thus increases frequency use efficiency in terms of the terminal or the base station. Specifically, according to the CA technology, the terminal and the base station may transmit and receive signals using a broadband using the plurality of the component carriers in the uplink (UL) and the downlink (DL), wherein the component carriers are located in different frequency bands respectively. Hereafter, the UL indicates a communication link through which the terminal transmits a signal to the base station, and the DL indicates a communication link through which the base station transmits a signal to the terminal. At this time, the numbers of uplink component carriers and downlink component carriers may be different.
Dual connectivity or multi connectivity is a technology for increasing the frequency use efficiency in terms of the terminal or the base station, in which one terminal is connected to a plurality of different base stations and transmits and receives signals simultaneously using carriers within the plurality of the base stations positioned in different frequency bands. The terminal may be connected to a first base station (e.g., a base station which provides services using the LTE technology or the 4G mobile communication technology) and a second base station (e.g., a base station which provides services using the NR technology or 5G mobile communication technology) at the same time to transmit and receive traffic. In this case, frequency resources used by each base station may be positioned in different bands. As such, the operation scheme based on the dual connectivity scheme of the LTE and the NR may be referred to as 5G non-standalone (NSA).
Referring to
In the structure shown in
Referring to
The radio network layer includes an E2AP 350. The E2AP 350 is used to deliver a subscription message, an indication message, a control message, a service update message, and a service query message, and is transmitted in a higher layer of the SCTP 340 and the IP 330.
Referring to
While
Referring to
The communication unit 510 provides an interface for performing communication with other devices in the network. That is, the communication unit 510 converts a bit string transmitted from the core network device to other device into a physical signal, and converts a physical signal received from other device into a bit string. That is, the communication unit 510 may transmit and receive signals. Accordingly, the communication unit 510 may be referred to as a modem, a transmitter, a receiver, or a transceiver. In this case, the communication unit 510 enables the core network device to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection (e.g., wired backhaul or wireless backhaul) or over the network.
The storage unit 520 stores data such as a basic program, an application program, and setting information for the operations of the core network device. The storage unit 520 may include a volatile memory, a nonvolatile memory, or a combination of a volatile memory and a nonvolatile memory. The storage unit 520 provides the stored data according to a request of the control unit 530.
The control unit 530 controls general operations of the core network device. For example, the control unit 530 transmits and receives signals through the communication unit 510. In addition, the control unit 530 records and reads data in and from the storage unit 520. For doing so, the control unit 530 may include at least one processor. According to one or more embodiments, the control unit 530 may control the device to carry out operations according to one or more embodiments explained in the disclosure.
Referring to
The E2 node 610 may include an E2 node function 612. The E2 node function 612 is a function corresponding to a specific xApp (application S/W) 646 installed in the RIC 640. For example, in the KPI monitor, KPI monitor collection S/W may be installed in the RIC 640, and the E2 node 610 may include the E2 node function 612 which generates KPI parameters, and then forwards an E2 message including the KPI parameters to an E2 termination 642 positioned at the RIC 640. The E2 node 610 may include a radio resource management (RRM) 614. The E2 node 610 may manage resources provided to the radio network for the terminal.
The E2 termination 624 positioned in the RIC 640, which is a termination of the RIC 640 for the E2 message, may perform a function of interpreting the E2 message forwarded by the E2 node 610 and then forwarding it to the xApp 646. A database (DB) 644 positioned in the RIC 640 may be used for the E2 termination 624 or the xApp 646. The E2 node 610 shown in
The near-RT RIC is to support the E2 as an open logical interface for the sake of a multi-vendor environment regardless of specific RRC-RRM algorithm implementation located at the nRT-RIC according to WG3 decision of 2019 Jan. 16 meeting. The disclosure may suggest an E2 service model radio interface control (E2SM-RIC) which pairs with E2SM-NI for injecting/modifying/configuring a per UE RRC message for each I/F and network entity (NE). In other words, the near RT RIC may be gradually improved from the function split 750 toward the function split 700. The E2 may advance to the open logical interface which is independent of specific RRC-RRM algorithm implementation in the near RT-RIC and aims at the multi-vendor environment.
Deployment scenario #1 900: The RIC may be located in a separate site or exist as a different NE, and substitutes or recommends few required intelligence functions.
Deployment scenario #2 950: The RIC may substitute almost every function of the UE except 3GPP I/F management.
While
If a UE moves, which cell is optimal may be performed through load balancing. If this load balancing is conducted by different vendors, it may be difficult to smoothly perform the load balancing in a space where the service areas of the vendors overlap. That is, an inter vendor zone or an inter CU-CP area may require interworking of the vendors. For the interworking of the vendors, the RRM control may require centralized execution. Hence, the RIC according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure may be configured to perform the RRM. The RIC may not only receive measurement from each E2 node, but also generate a message for controlling each E2 node. The RIC may transmit a control message to each E2 node (e.g., the DU or the CU-CP, the CU-UP).
The single E2SM-RAN control hardly operates in the O-RAN situation of the multi-vendor environment. There is because there are function parity and operation parity, considering all RAN features. The RAN function parity indicates a difference of features related to the RRM functions (e.g., QoS handover, load balancing (LB) handover, etc.). The RAN operation parity indicates a difference of features related to the RAN operations (e.g., an EN-DC SCG bearer change procedure). Besides, the REPORT/INSERT/CONTROL/POLICY actions may not identify accurate RAN CONTEXT. In addition, the REPORT/INSERT/CONTROL/POLICY actions may not identify trigger event/conditions according to the REPORT/INSERT/POLICY. In addition, it may be difficult to refer to the RAN context in a specific deployment in a corresponding action.
Referring to
Hereafter, the centralized RRM by the near-RT RIC may be referred to and described as terms such as RIC-based RRM control or E2 node zombie mode, E2SM-RIC zombie mode, E2SM-RIC dedicated mode in the disclosure. It is noted that the technical meaning that the function of each E2 node is performed by the RIC instead may be used in place of the illustrated terms.
According to RRM control of the RIC according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure, IPC cost may be reduced. In particular, if the DU/CU/RIC are located in the same environment, costs for message relays may be reduced. By performing everything except for the message delivery, the RIC may address a reciprocity problem due to operations between the vendors. In addition, the intelligent function of the RIC may be upgraded, to replace a specific function between the DU and the CU-UPs.
The RIC is required to identify the E2 node ID, to control the E2 node. This ID of the E2 node may be a global identifier. That is, the global identifier may be used in the core network or the O-RAN network. That is, the global E2 node ID indicates the global identifier of the E2 node. For example, the global identifier of the E2 node may be defined as a global identifier of the eNB or the gNB. Also, for example, the global identifier of the E2 node may be defined as a local identifier of the CU-UP or the DU, which is required if the E2 node individually supports the E2 interface.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the disclosure are described with an example of the E2 setup procedure, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto. It is noted that the identifier providing method described in the embodiments of the disclosure may be applied to at least any one of a reset procedure, an error indication, a RIC service update procedure, an E2 node configuration update procedure, and an E2 connection update procedure.
Referring to
The 3-split deployment is assumed. The CU-UP may be connected to the RIC through the E2 interface. The CU-CP may transmit a gNB-CU-UP ID, if transmitting an E2 setup request message to the RIC. Hence, the RIC may identify the CU-UP which transmits the message. The DU may be connected to the RIC through the E2 interface. The DU may transmit a gNB-DU ID, if transmitting an E2 setup request message to the RIC. Thus, the RIC may identify the DU transmitting the message. However, since the current standard does not provide an identifier of the CU-CP, the RIC may not independently identify the CU-CP alone. Hereinafter, the problem of the standard shall be elucidated in
Referring to
As shown in
Embodiments of the disclosure suggest identification information of the CU-CP or identification information of the CU, to solve this problem. The identification information may include an identifier ID or ‘name’. As shown in
If the base station, that is, a node providing the access network (e.g., an NG-RAN node) is configured in a heterogeneous architecture such as all-in-one deployment (or an aggregated deployment), 2-split deployment, or 3-split deployment, the RIC may not know what kind of service the E2 node may subscribe to. For example, F1-U may be used only for the split architecture but the E2 node may not know whether the E2 node function may include architecture related information. According to the embodiments of the disclosure, the RIC understands the entire network topology by receiving an explicit indication of the architecture of the gNB.
The information mentioned in
A message transmitted to the RIC or transmitted from the RIC may include the global E2 node ID. The global E2 node identifier may include the identification information of the CU or the CU-CP. The identification information according to embodiments of the disclosure may be in the form of an ID number or a name string.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU-CP ID.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU ID.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU-CP name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU-CP ID and a gNB-CU-CP name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU ID and a gNB-CU name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU ID, and a gNB-CU-CP name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU name, and a gNB-CU-CP ID.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU name, and a gNB-CU-CP name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU ID, and a gNB-CU-CP ID.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU ID, a gNB-CU-CP ID and a gNB-CU-CP name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU-CP ID, a gNB-CU ID and a gNB-CU name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU-CP ID, a gNB-CU ID, and a gNB-CU-CP name.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU ID, a gNB-CU name, and a gNB-CU-CP ID.
According to an embodiment, the global E2 node identifier may include a gNB-CU name, a gNB-CU-CP name, a gNB-CU ID, and a gNB-CU-CP ID.
The RIC may obtain the CU-CP (3-split deployment) or the CU (2-split deployment), and then transmit an E2 setup request response message (or an E2 node configuration update confirmation) to the corresponding E2 node (i.e., the CU-CP or the CU). Next, the RIC may control the corresponding E2 node (i.e., the CU-CP or the CU), or provide a service to the E2 node.
The disclosure has described the method for providing the ID of the CU or the CU-CP, as the ID of the E2 node transmitted to the RIC. The procedure described in the examples of the disclosure is a procedure through the E2 interface, which aims at the near RT RIC, but does not exclude application to the non-RT RIC. That is, the non-RT RIC obtaining the identifiers (e.g., a gNB CU-CP name, a gNB CU-CP ID, a gNB-CU name, a gNB-CU ID) described in
The methods according to the embodiments described in the claims or the specification of the disclosure may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of hardware and software.
As for the software, a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs (software modules) may be provided. One or more programs stored in the computer-readable storage medium may be configured for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device. One or more programs may include instructions for controlling an electronic device to execute the methods according to the embodiments described in the claims or the specification of the disclosure.
Such a program (software module, software) may be stored to a random access memory, a non-volatile memory including a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a magnetic disc storage device, a compact disc (CD)-ROM, digital versatile discs (DVDs) or other optical storage devices, and a magnetic cassette. Alternatively, it may be stored to a memory combining part or all of those recording media. A plurality of memories may be included.
Also, the program may be stored in an attachable storage device accessible via a communication network such as internet, intranet, local area network (LAN), wide LAN (WLAN), or storage area network (SAN), or a communication network by combining these networks. Such a storage device may access a device which executes an embodiment of the disclosure through an external port. In addition, a separate storage device on the communication network may access the device which executes an embodiment of the disclosure.
In the specific embodiments of the disclosure, the components included in the disclosure are expressed in a singular or plural form. However, the singular or plural expression is appropriately selected according to a proposed situation for the convenience of explanation, the disclosure is not limited to a single component or a plurality of components, the components expressed in the plural form may be configured as a single component, and the components expressed in the singular form may be configured as a plurality of components.
While the specific embodiment has been described in the detailed explanations of the disclosure, various changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2021-0091899 | Jul 2021 | KR | national |
This application is a by-pass continuation application of International Application No. PCT/KR2022/010096, filed on Jul. 12, 2022, which is based on and claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0091899, filed on Jul. 13, 2021, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/KR2022/010096 | Jul 2022 | US |
| Child | 18412208 | US |
