Patent Application
20090211219
The invention relates to a device for treating filament yarn by means of a nozzle having a yarn channel, which is developed as open and divided nozzle with threading slit and channel to supply the medium into the yarn channel, as well as a method for treating filament yarn by means of a nozzle having a yarn channel which is developed as divided open nozzle with free threading slit and channel to supply the medium into the yarn channel. The invention furthermore relates to a knotted yarn, a migrated yarn and a false-twisted yarn.
In the course of spinning, filament yarn is subjected to an air treatment after the spinning process to improve the coherence of the individual filaments for the processing of the yarn. Two separate steps are used here:
In the course of spinning, the aforementioned treatments are often used with individual- or multiple nozzles. Often, the nozzles are used as dual nozzles in swirling. With multiple nozzles, the number of the nozzles corresponds to the number of the yarn paths. There may be 6 to 12, 16, 20 and, more recently, even 24 yarn paths. The next goal is to double the yarn paths to 50, for example.
An interesting development of a nozzle body is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,157,819. The nozzle body is comprised of a larger number of flat plates which can be clamped together through a screw connection. The yarn channel is formed by means of perpendicular through holes in each plate. In each plate, the through holes are precisely coordinated so that a cylindrical, closed yarn channel is created through all plates after the plates have been assembled. Alternately, plates can be formed with and without air supply channels and clamped together as a packet with two end plates. This is a closed nozzle without a threading slit. The goal of the solution according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,157,819 was to provide an optimum number of air supply channels, and it was provided to use one and the same nozzle concept to produce knotted yarn as well as false-twisted yarn.
JP-200375802 shows an open, divided air nozzle for the production of knotted yarn. The divided nozzle body, comprised of a nozzle body as well as a reflecting or cover plate, is assembled on a supply element for medium and/or air. Both components are screwed individually onto the air supply element. The nozzle body has an air supply channel as well as a cross hole for injecting the treatment medium into the yarn channel. For the yarn channel, yarn channel profiles are attached in the nozzle body as well as in the cover plate. The yarn channel between the nozzle body and the cover plate is formed only in assembled condition. A gap is provided between the two bodies, which forms the threading slit on the side facing away from the air supply element. Only the nozzle body with the air supply channel is sealed relative to the air supply element with a ring seal. The nozzle is a typical swirling nozzle with an approximately centered and perpendicular arrangement of the air supply into the yarn channel. Using two- or multiple nozzles would require two- or multiple uses of the respective nozzle body as well as the respective cover plate, which is disadvantageous with respect to a narrow gauge for the yarn paths.
A special case for the application of swirling is warping plants, where 500 to 2,000 parallel yarn paths are treated simultaneously in a very narrow gauge. This type of special device for swirling multi-file threads is shown in EP 0 216 951. The swirling takes place on two levels, an upper level and a lower level. The swirling channels are arranged in an extremely small space for the corresponding number of yarn paths and thus the bout of warp threads can be supplied with very narrow spacing. The device for the swirling has a number of slits that are arranged side-by-side in parallel. They are formed between plates and spacing elements of a nozzle bar. The individual plates are annular in shape, with compressed air being supplied to each plate over the central area, and said air being supplied through appropriate cross holes to the individual swirling zones, which are developed as slits. The threads are transported through the device with clearance to the bottom of the slit, in the area of influence of the blast air. On the input- as well as on the output-side, the plates have thread guides. So-called nozzle bars are formed after a plurality of plates with intermediate elements are assembled outside face to outside face. This solution saves considerable space and results in a gauge for the yarn paths in the magnitude of 4 mm. To prevent the warp threads from jumping out of the treatment slits, a wire is pulled in the outer area of the slits. The plates are made of ceramic, in particular oxide ceramic. This results in a long service life, with the ceramic plates being produced in the forming process and subsequently fired. By means of clamping bolts, the plurality of ceramic disks with intermediate plates to self-bearing nozzle rods is held stable at a support frame. The solution in accordance with EP 0 216 951 has proven very useful in the scope of warping plants. However, it was not possible to apply the concept of the nozzle bar comprised of plates to the area of swirling in the scope of spinning plants, as described earlier. In the scope of spinning plants, the number of the parallel threads to be treated is much lower, but continues to increase in the current trend. At the same time, a narrow gauge of the parallel threads is also desired in the area of spinning.
A completely different approach for a solution to increase the textile quality of the final product, i.e., the fabric, is achieved by generating a false-twist. Here, the twisting power of the blast air is used for an immediately upstream thermal treatment, i.e., heating and cooling of the yarn, to achieve a lasting change in the molecular structure of the individual filaments, thus creating significant bulkiness at the thread. Reference is made to EP-PS 0 532 458 as an example for false-twisting. The false-twisting is supposed to provide the filament yarn and the finished fabric with a bulky, textile character.
In various yarn treatments, there is an increasing demand for the narrow gauge for a plurality of parallel running threads. Both state of the art solutions mentioned above, i.e., EP-PS 0 532 458 as well as U.S. Pat. No. 5,157,819, result in a relatively large clearance between two parallel yarn paths. In the solution according to WO00/52240, the resulting gauge, at least with two yarn paths, is approximately 8 to 10 mm. Only EP 0 216 958 allows a gauge to approximately 4 mm.
The explanations above result in two principal facts in the solutions from the state of the art:
Therefore, the inventors' objective was to find solutions for developing cost-efficient nozzles for the yarn treatment in the scope of open nozzles, even for gauges between two or multiple parallel yarn paths in the range of only a few millimeters, with the concept being suitable for use in particular for single- or dual nozzles as well.
The device in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the nozzle is formed by injector/cover plates having one each injector- and cover plate side, and that it can be assembled on an element supplying the medium to form a yarn channel between two adjacent injector/cover plates.
The method in accordance with the invention in characterized in that the yarn for the treatment is guided between two like plates which together form a yarn channel, with the plates being sealed relative to one another relative to the side of the supply of the medium.
The knotted- or migrated yarn in accordance with the invention, in particular as micro filament yarn, is characterized in that it is guided between two like plates for the treatment, which together form a yarn channel, and that the result is a knotted or migrated yarn.
The false-twisted yarn in accordance with the invention is characterized in that it was guided and false-twisted between two like plates for the treatment, which together form a yarn channel.
The new solution offers various critical advantages. The configuration of the plates, in particular the ceramic plates, is limited to the actual core functions, i.e.:
In this respect, the injector/cover plates of a nozzle are alike. Inherent to each of the injector/cover plates are the two functions of injector plate and cover- and/or twist plate. Separate cover plates, such as according to JP-20-0375802, for example, are obsolete. The plates can be produced with very small external dimensions, such as 1 cm to 2 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm or less, for example. The simple form of the plates makes their production, especially in ceramics, significantly easier because they can now be produced with the much more inexpensive injection method. At least the blanks for the plates can be produced in larger piece numbers and therefore more economically and because the plates of a nozzle can be produced identically, they can be assembled at a 180° rotation in the case of an individual nozzle so that the service life of the unused yarn channel profiles can be doubled with respect to wear and tear. The miniaturization of the plates enormously simplifies the production problems. As will be explained in the following, with the new solution, the plates can be produced in the injection moulding process, which is much more cost efficient than the pressing process, such as in EPO 0 216 951, for example. The second enormous advantage is that according to the new invention, the yarn channel, which is developed as a mere slit in EP 0 216 951, can be adapted to the specific treatment. The disks in EP 0 216 951 offer the enormous advantage that two yarn paths are formed between two disks. On the other hand, the disadvantage of the solution according to EP 0 216 951 is that the simultaneous integration of the yarn guides as well as the air supply into the plate concept results in almost palm-sized disks that can be produced only with compression moulding.
The new plate concept can be used on filament yarns with various treatment methods such as swirling, migrating, false-twisting and other texturing. It can be used in reed systems as a multiple nozzle and in texturing systems as single- or dual nozzle, but also in stretching systems and in systems for false-twist texturing.
In any case, equal injector/cover plates are always used for single nozzles, dual nozzles or multiple nozzles in each specific application. Each of the injector/cover plates has a nozzle plate side as well as a cover plate side and preferably also respective air supply channels. Each side is freely accessible for processing. This has the enormous advantage that the two yarn channel profiles can be created easily in any plate, and designed individually for the nozzle side as well as the reflecting plate or cover plate side, and that they can also be integrated, for example. In technical circles, swirl nozzles are called a nozzle plate as well as a reflecting plate. The nozzle plate has the cross hole for at least the main air for one double swirl. The reflecting plate has the opposite side where the treatment air impacts. With detorque nozzles, the objective is to generate a strong rotation flow with the air, i.e., to generate a false twist for the yarn. That is were a gauged nozzle has a cover plate rather than a reflecting plate. Because the new solution can include both applications, the term “injector/cover plate” was chosen. Each injector/cover plate has one each half for both modifications, which can fulfill the function only after they have been assembled.
The new solution allows a number of especially advantageous modifications. In this context, reference is made to the claims 2 to 21 as well as 23 to 29. It is especially preferred to develop the yarn channel half-round on the nozzle plate side and flat on the cover plate side. Because the yarn channel is formed in the plates, it is possible to influence the form of the yarn channel in almost any way. The same also applies to the air supply channel. It is especially preferred to develop the plates on the one hand as a nozzle plate and on the other hand as a cover plate and corresponding to about half of the yarn channel.
The miniaturization of the plates makes it possible to develop the plates as flat ceramic plates produced in the injection molding process, which can be clamped together into a unit with two each end plates. The injection molding method is significantly more economical relative to the compression molding proposed in EP 0 216 951. The entire unit can be fastened to a support base with integrated air feed channel to which the air supply channels in each plate can be connected. The support base can be of metal or plastic. In accordance with the new invention, the relatively expensive ceramic is used only where the required functions demand the highest quality and precision. In accordance with another modification, each of the plates has at least one cross hole for the supply of the medium on the side of the nozzle plate for the individual air delivery into the yarn channel. Advantageously, each of the at least two plates has a supply channel for a medium, which can be activated individually through corresponding connection openings in the supply element of the medium, so as to prevent the free discharge of the unused air supply opening. Each of the at least two plates of a nozzle is developed identical at least with respect to the yarn channel profiles and has a respective yarn channel profile on the nozzle plate side and the cover plate side, which forms a yarn channel only after assembly. Because only two plates together form a yarn channel, each pairing of two or more plates results in two respective outer sides, which are not used. With a simple nozzle, this offers the great advantage that after significant wear and tear of the active yarn channel profiles, both plats can be installed with an 180° rotation so that the service life of a nozzle can be doubled.
The injector/cover plates are preferably developed as ceramic plates or have, at least in the area of the yarn channel profile, an appropriate highly wear-and-tear resistant surface area coating. The at least two like injector/cover plates have a reduced thickness in the threading area relative to the air delivery area and in the air delivery area a planar sealing surface on both sides. The sealing surfaces are provided with a very high surface area quality so that they seal air-tight upon compression without any special gasket. In this way, it is also possible to ensure a high precision for the yarn channel in the assembly of the plates. Preferably, the individual supply channel for the medium is guided into the yarn channel approximately centered, with at least two through-openings arranged on both sides perpendicular to the planar sealing surfaces for a precise positioning of the plates and/or their yarn channel profiles by means of motion bars. When the through-openings are unequal, they simultaneously serve as a safety against an improper installation.
In accordance with another especially advantageous modification idea, each of the plates has lateral adjusting notches, preferably in the area of the planar sealing surfaces, for closely pressing all plates to the element supplying the medium. On the side of the supply of the medium, it is advantageous if additional sealing elements are installed between the plates and the element supplying the medium.
The new solution allows the assembly of any number of injector/cover plates for a corresponding number of yarn paths. A simple nozzle for only one yarn path is comprised of two injector/cover plates. A dual nozzle for two yarn paths is comprised of three injector/cover plates. For the treatment of two or more yarn paths, the number of plates corresponds to the number of yarn paths+1.
In accordance with a first application as a swirling nozzle for the production of knotted yarn, the cross hole for the supply of the medium runs approximately centered perpendicular or with a slight conveying effect into the yarn channel. In particular for the production of fine knotted yarn with high regularity of the knots, a blast air channel expansion is formed in the orifice area of the blast air supply channel in the yarn treatment channel to form an air twist chamber for two opposite-sense stationary twist flows.
In accordance with a second application with false-twisting, the cross hole for the supply of the medium runs tangentially into the yarn channel. The appropriate device is developed as a detorque-nozzle.
The plates are configured as flat plates and have planar sealing surfaces on both sides, with two through holes in the area of the planar sealing surfaces. By means of the through holes, the plates are moved individually on motion bars to a nozzle block, positioned precisely relative to one another, and pulled together into a nozzle block perpendicularly to the planar sealing surfaces by means of screwed connections at the motion bars. On both sides of the nozzle block, one each stable end plate can be placed, through which the ceramic plates are clamped together. The element supplying the medium furthermore can have a support base on which each of the injector/cover plates of the nozzle block can be fastened tightly through the adjusting notches. The support base or the end plates can be color-coded, with the color indicating the type of nozzle that has been installed. The nozzle block is fastened on a base for the supply of medium which has an integrated air supply channel, to which the air supply channels to be activated can be connected. If the nozzle is a multiple nozzle, said multiple nozzle will be connected with a corresponding number of plates as a nozzle group and/or nozzle block with a nozzle holder to which a thread guide is attached. The clampable plates are fastened with two each end plates as a unit on the support base, with thread guides being arranged in thread guide supports fastened to the nozzle holder and preferably being configured as a comb. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the method, the plates are combined into a nozzle block through motion bars and the nozzle block is clamped through adjusting cams through gaskets on an element that supplies the medium. To ensure a precise positioning of the ceramic plates relative to the yarn channel, the ceramic plates are guided over motion bars and joined into a nozzle block. The nozzle block is braced air-tight on a support base that is preferably color coded, with a common air delivery.
According to another especially advantageous embodiment of the method for the production of knotted yarn from smooth- and textured filament yarn, air is blasted into a through yarn channel of a swirl nozzle with a main boring directed centrally into the yarn channel axis for the primary air as well as at least one auxiliary boring in a distance to the main boring for secondary air. The primary air is supplied into the yarn channel between perpendicular and with only little conveying effect or little effect against the direction of the yarn path, and the secondary air through at least one auxiliary boring, which is sloped toward the yarn channel axis and runs differently than the primary air, and supports the swirl flow.
In accordance with another idea of the embodiment for the production of fine knotted yarn with high regularity of the knots, blast air is injected in a yarn treatment channel transversely to the yarn treatment channel by means of air nozzles. In the direction of the yarn delivery as well as in opposite direction of the yarn delivery, the blast air forms one each double swirl to generate the knots. In the entry area into the yarn treatment channel, the blast air is placed into two strong stationary twist flows undisturbed by filament bundles in an air twist chamber which is short in the longitudinal direction of the yarn channel. The cross holes for the air delivery on the side of the nozzle plate are preferably arranged centered approximately longitudinally in the yarn channel, cross-wise or slightly sloped relative to the axis of the yarn channel, for nozzles that are provided for the swirling or migrating of yarn. On the other hand, the cross holes are affixed tangentially in the yarn channel for nozzles identified for the false-twisting of yarn.
Preferably, thread guides are arranged for each thread run on both sides of the support base and in distance before the entry into the yarn channel and after the exit from the yarn channel. The support base assumes the two auxiliary functions of thread guide as well as air supply and air flow to the individual plates. The device is developed as a single- or dual nozzle with two each end plates which can be clamped together with the adjusting means. In the case of multiple nozzles, said nozzles are configured for the provided thread runs with a corresponding number of plates as a nozzle group with an air supply channel in the support base and with a thread guide. Advantageously, all clampable plates with two each end plates are fastened as a unit on the support base with an air supply channel in the support base, with the thread guides being arranged in thread guide supports fastened at the support base.
In the following, the invention is explained with the help of several examples of embodiments and further details. The figures show:
a a injector/cover plate 1 in accordance with the invention, approximately in double its physical size;
b a section A-A of
a a complete nozzle block with 24 yarn paths, on the top in a view [?] and on the bottom in a top view;
b various sections B-B to F-F;
c the complete nozzle block in three different views;
a and 7b a solution with a special adjusting means for the nozzle block;
a a particularly interesting embodiment of the orifice area of the cross-channel with the formation of an air twist chamber;
b to 9d show various knot structures in the yarn;
a to 10c a solution with primary- and secondary air for the treatment medium, with the
a to 11d the application of the new nozzle as detorque nozzle for the false-twisting of yarn with various forms of the tangential air injection and the threading slit;
The
The
The representations in
The
The
The
b, top, shows a smooth, i.e., unswirled, yarn 2. The straight lines indicate the single filaments. Secondly, a softly swirled yarn, which typically has shorter knots K, with the knots being symbolized with thin straight lines. The third representation shows hard, relatively long knots K between the swirled open locations. The hard knots are symbolized with thicker lines. The fourth representation shows a typical knotted yarn of the state of the art with very irregular knots.
c shows a few examples with irregular knot formation.
The new solution according to
The
The
a represents an FDY process with a migration as well as a swirl. This is the standard with FDY spinning. This process involves two heated monos or duos. It allows a good adjustment of the thread tension.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1109/04 | Jun 2004 | CH | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CH05/00359 | 6/29/2005 | WO | 00 | 10/7/2008 |
