Patent Grant
8920614
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a device for producing graphene, and more particularly to the device for a continuous production of graphene flakes by an electrochemical method.
2. Description of Related Art
In 2004, the research team of Professor A. K. Geim at the University of Manchester, England attached a thin layer of graphite (known as graphene) on an adhesive tape and another adhesive tape on the other side of the graphene, and then torn the two adhesive tapes apart to exfoliate the graphene into two thinner layers, and the aforementioned procedure is repeated for several times to obtain single atomic layer of graphene. Through the observation by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), carbon atoms in graphene has a highly-ordered arrangement.
The graphene has many excellent properties including the high mechanical strength (˜1,100 GPa), hardness, brittleness and flexibility, and gases cannot penetrate through the thin layer of graphene, and a high heat conductivity coefficient up to 5300 W/m·K which is better than carbon nanotubes and diamond, and the electron mobility of graphene at room temperature exceeds 15000 cm2/V·s which is higher than the carbon nanotubes (approximately equal to 10000 cm2/V·s) and more than ten times of crystalline silicon (1400 cm2/V·s), and the resistance of graphene is approximately equal to 10−6 Ω·cm which is lower than that of copper or silver.
In general, graphene is prepared or produced by the following four main methods. (1) Mechanical exfoliation method: Graphene is manufactured from graphite, and this method can produce single-layer or multi-layer graphene simply, easily and quickly, but this method is suitable for the manufacture of a small quantity of graphene only; (2) Chemical vapor deposition method or an epitaxial growth method: Graphene is manufacturing by passing and depositing a thermally cracked hydrocarbon gas source onto a nickel or copper plate. This method has the feature of producing large-area single-layer or multi-layer graphene easily and the difficulty of controlling the uniformity and thickness of the graphene; (3) Method of growing graphene on an insulating substrate: A very thin layer of graphene is grown on a surface of silicon carbide. The method has the drawbacks of incurring a high cost and having difficulties of manufacturing large-area graphene; and (4) Method of using organic acidic solvent to insert layers to produce graphene oxide (GO) and obtaining grapheme by a reduction procedure: This method has the drawbacks of requiring a long processing time, and having an inconsistent quality of the grapheme since the reduced grapheme may be deformed or warped easily.
In addition, an electrochemical method can be used. Graphene flakes are produced by changing an electric voltage at room temperature. This method can simplify the manufacturing process without requiring any high-temperature reduction procedure and can produce large graphene flakes easily.
As described above, the method of producing grapheme by an electrochemical method has the advantages or using a simple, easy and quick manufacturing procedure and producing high-quality large-area grapheme. At present, related industries require a method and a device of producing graphene flakes by a continuous automated electrochemical method to exfoliate graphite electrodes, so as to reduce the labor and manufacturing time and produce graphene flakes by mass production. Therefore, the present invention provides a device for a continuous production of graphene flakes by an electrochemical method that takes both cost and manufacturing time into consideration and no longer requires a high temperature reduction procedure, and thus the present invention can achieve a quick mass production of high-quality graphene flakes.
In view of the aforementioned problems of the prior art, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a device for a continuous production of graphene flakes by an electrochemical method, wherein an electrochemical unit, a filtration unit, a guiding path, and a grading collection unit are integrated for producing high-quality graphene flakes.
To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention provides a device for a continuous production of graphene flakes by an electrochemical method, comprising: an electrochemical unit, for exfoliating the graphene flakes by an electrochemical method; a filtration unit, for separating the graphene flakes from an electrolyte solution; a guiding path, coupled to the electrochemical unit, for transporting the graphene flakes and the electrolyte solution to the filtration unit; a grading collection unit, for receiving the graphene flakes separated by the filtration unit and separating different sized graphene flakes.
The electrochemical unit includes a positive and negative electrode time-switching DC power, an auxiliary heating device, an electrolytic bath and a graphite electrode set, wherein the positive and negative electrode time-switching DC power is coupled to the graphite electrode set, and the graphite electrode set is arranged in an electrolyte solution in an electrolytic bath for an electrochemical reaction. The graphite electrode set includes at least two graphite electrodes or even numbered graphite electrodes, and half of the graphite electrodes is used as positive electrode(s) and the other half of the graphite electrodes is used as negative electrode(s), and the graphite electrode is made of a material selected from natural graphite, highly crystalline graphite, coke-based artificial graphite, mesophase pitch-based artificial graphite, polymer based artificial graphite, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, or carbon/carbon composite material, and the graphite electrode electrodes of the same polarity are connected in parallel and arranged alternately with one another, and the graphite electrodes of different polarities are separated with an interval apart from one another to constitute an array assembly, and then positive electricity or negative electricity is passed, and an electrochemical reaction with an appropriate electrolyte solution is used to produce graphene flakes. The positive and negative electrode time-switching DC power is coupled to the graphite electrodes to supply positive and negative electricity to facilitate the electrochemical reaction. In the meantime, the switch of electrodes is completed within a controlled time, so that the electrodes in the graphite electrode set can be electrically switched to promote the electrochemical reaction. The auxiliary heating device includes a microwave, ultrasound or non-contact heating device for heating the electrochemical unit to improve the efficiency of producing the graphene.
An electrolyte solution tempering tank electrochemical unit, and the electrolyte solution tempering tank is disposed on a side of the electrolytic bath, wherein the bottom of the electrolyte solution tempering tank is higher than the level of the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic bath. In addition, an electrolyte solution monitoring device can be installed, wherein the electrolyte solution monitoring device includes a pH meter and an electrolyte solution level monitoring device. When the pH value of the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic bath is measured and determined to be incompliance with a set value, or the level of the electrolyte solution detected by the electrolyte solution level monitoring device has not reached a set value, the electrolyte solution is filled into the electrolytic bath or the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte solution tempering tank is adjusted.
An end of the guiding path is coupled to the electrochemical unit, and an outlet end is disposed above the filtration unit, and both ends of the guiding path are not in a horizontal state but the guiding path has a tilted angle. When the electrochemical unit produces graphene flakes, the graphene flakes float on the electrolyte solution. The guiding path has a function of transporting the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes by using the tilted angle to flow the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes to the filtration unit.
The filtration unit includes a rotary filter belt and an electrolyte solution recycling tank, wherein the rotary filter belt is a mesh structure and has a width greater than the outlet end of the guiding path. When the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes are transported through the guiding path to the rotary filter belt, the mesh structure captures the graphene flakes, and the electrolyte solution keeps flowing down into the electrolyte solution recycling tank, so as to complete the operation of filtering and separating the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes.
The rotary filter belt is a vertical rotary filter belt, so that the graphene flakes can fall down from the rotary filter belt by gravity, and the grading collection unit can receive the graphene flakes separated by the filtration unit. Therefore, the grading collection unit can be installed under the rotary filter belt and has a structure comprising a plurality of mesh structured sieves, and each sieve has a different mesh structure. In addition, a sieve vibrating device can be installed for vibrating the sieve, so that different sized graphene flakes can be separated by the vibration and the different mesh structured sieves, so as to complete the operation of separating the graphene flakes.
In the aforementioned device, a deionized water storage tank can be installed adjacent to the electrochemical unit, and the deionized water storage tank contains deionized water, so that the deionized water can be sprayed on the rotary filter belt to facilitate the graphene flakes to separate from the rotary filter belt and fall into the grading collection unit.
The technical characteristics of the present invention will become apparent with the detailed description of preferred embodiments and the illustration of related drawings as follows.
The present invention mainly uses an electrochemical method to exfoliate graphite electrodes to produce graphene flakes which are suspended on a liquid surface of an electrolyte solution, and then an electrolyte solution in an electrolyte solution tempering tank is filled into an electrolytic bath continuously, so that the level of the solution rises and the solution overflows from the tank, and thus resulting in a flow of electrolyte solution into the electrolyte solution guiding path. As the graphene flakes flow with electrolyte solution to the rotary filter belt and attach onto a surface of the rotary filter belt, deionized water is sprayed inside out to wash the graphene flakes attached onto the surface of the rotary filter belt to a grading collection unit, and a filter structure is provided for sieving and collecting the graphene flakes. In the meantime, the electrolyte solution is washed away. A pH meter and am electrolyte solution level monitoring device can be installed to facilitate the process of supplementing the electrolyte solution at appropriate time, so as to maintain a continuous operation of the system.
With reference to
With reference to
The present invention further comprises a guiding path 220, and an end of the guiding path 220 is coupled to the electrolytic bath 210, and the other end is an outlet disposed at the filtration unit 230, and both ends of the guiding path 220 are not in a horizontal state but have a tilted angle. An end of the guiding path 220 connected to the electrolytic bath 210 is higher, such that when the graphene flakes are produced, the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes can be transported from the guiding path 220 to the filtration unit 230, and the guiding path 220 and the filtration unit 230 can be connected directly to the filtration unit 230 or the outlet end of the guiding path 220 of this preferred embodiment comes with an open design, so that the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes can be transported to the filtration unit 230 by gravity. In this preferred embodiment, the filtration unit 230 is installed under the guiding path 220, and has a width greater than the outlet end of the guiding path 220 to facilitate receiving the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes. When the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes pass through the filtration unit 230, the graphene flakes are received by the mesh structured rotary filter belt 231, and the electrolyte solution falls into the electrolyte solution recycling tank 232, so as to complete the process of separating the graphene flakes from the electrolyte solution.
In the aforementioned process, the level of the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic bath 210 must be higher than the guiding path 220 before the electrolyte solution and the graphene flakes can be transported from the guiding path 220 to the filtration unit 230, so that the level of the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic bath 210 must be maintained at a fixed height. In this preferred embodiment, the electrolyte solution falls into electrolyte solution recycling tank 232, so that the electrolyte solution can be transported through a pipeline 262 into the electrolyte solution tempering tank 250. With an appropriate adjustment, the electrolyte solution is supplemented into the electrolytic bath 210 to maintain the required level of the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic bath 210. In addition, a pH meter and an electrolyte solution level monitoring device can be used for monitoring the condition of the electrolyte solution anytime in order to supplement the electrolyte solution.
The moving direction of the rotary filter belt 131 includes a horizontal moving direction and a vertical moving direction. When the graphene flakes fall onto the rotary filter belt 131, the graphene flakes are disposed at the top of the rotary filter belt 131 to perform a horizontal movement. Now, the graphene flakes are separated from the electrolyte solution. When the graphene flakes are disposed at the rotary filter belt 131 for a vertical movement, a portion of the graphene flakes fall into the grading collection unit 140 due to gravity, and the other portion of the graphene flakes remain on the rotary filter belt 131. When the rotary filter belt 131 is moved horizontally again, the graphene flakes are disposed under the rotary filter belt 131. In this preferred embodiment, deionized water can be sprayed by using a spray head, and the forces of water jet and gravity cause the graphene flakes to fall into the grading collection unit 140.
The grading collection unit is installed under the rotary filter belt and includes a plurality of mesh structured sieves 141, and each sieve 141 has a different mesh structure, such as a sieve 141 has meshes of a different size. The sieve 141 with larger meshes is installed at the top, and the sieve 141 with smaller meshes is installed at the bottom, so that the sieves 141 with different meshes can be used for separating graphene flakes of different sizes. In the meantime, a sieve vibrating device 142 is provided for vibrating the sieves 141 to improve the efficiency of separating the graphene flakes of different sizes.
While the invention has been described by means of specific embodiments, numerous modifications and variations could be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention set forth in the claims.
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