Device for authenticating a security document

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6394358
  • Patent Number
    6,394,358
  • Date Filed
    Tuesday, March 14, 2000
    24 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, May 28, 2002
    22 years ago
Abstract
A security document and a device for authenticating the security document are provided. The device for authenticating the security document comprises an optical imaging device and a specially programmed controller. The security document comprises a unique combination of covert triggers, overt triggers, and overt secure document indicators arranged to enhance the security of the document at issue and enable high speed machine authentication of the document at issue. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a device for authenticating a security document is provided. The security document includes a security image printed on a face thereof. The security image is defined by a collection of security image elements and defines at least one document authentication scheme. The document authentication scheme is arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity. The authentication device comprises an optical imaging device and a specially programmed controller. The optical imaging device is arranged to generate a security image signal representative of at least a portion of the security image. The controller is programmed to (i) define an authentication constellation within the security image, wherein the authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein the constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within the security image; (ii) identify respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels based on the security image signal, wherein each of the respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and (iii) determine whether the respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing the respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.
Description




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




The present invention relates to security documents and, more particularly, to security documents including enhanced means for authenticating the security document.




Conventional security documents, e.g., the void pantograph security documents and the varying tone security documents of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,579,370, 5,149,140, 5,197,765, 5,340,159, incorporate a security image designed to provide an indication of document authenticity on an attempted duplicate of the document. Often, the nature of the document authentication scheme is described in fine print along the top or bottom of the document—“CASH ONLY WHEN THE COLORED AREA OF THIS DOCUMENT CHANGES GRADUALLY AND EVENLY FROM DARKER TO LIGHTER WITH THE DARKER AREA AT THE TOP” or “THE FACE OF THIS CHECK HAS A SECURITY VOID BACKGROUND PATTERN—DO NOT CASH IF VOID IS VISIBLE.” Unfortunately, these printed messages are readily apparent and can be very useful to a potential counterfeiter. Further, these printed message do little to enhance the security of the document on which they are printed and are typically not well-suited for high speed machine authentication.




Accordingly, there is a need for a security document that eliminates the need for readily apparent printed descriptions of the authentication schemes embodied in a document. Further, there is continuing need for security documents incorporating enhanced security features that are well-suited for high speed machine authentication. Finally, there is a need for a device for authenticating such a document.




BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




This need is met by the present invention wherein a security document and a device for authenticating the security document are provided. The device for authenticating the security document comprises an optical imaging device and a specially programmed controller. The security document comprises a unique combination of covert triggers, overt triggers, and overt secure document indicators arranged to enhance the security of the document at issue and enable high speed machine authentication of the document at issue.




In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a device for authenticating a security document is provided. The security document includes a security image printed on a face thereof. The security image is defined by a collection of security image elements and defines at least one document authentication scheme. The document authentication scheme is arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity. The authentication device comprises an optical imaging device and a specially programmed controller.




The optical imaging device is arranged to generate a security image signal representative of at least a portion of the security image. The controller is programmed to (i) define an authentication constellation within the security image, wherein the authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein the constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within the security image; (ii) identify respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels based on the security image signal, wherein each of the respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and (iii) determine whether the respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing the respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.




The security document may include a covert trigger defined by a set of covert trigger elements on the face of the security document and the controller may be programmed to identify the respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by at least a portion of the covert trigger.




The controller may be programmed to identify the respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by at least a portion of the security image. The security document preferably includes a covert trigger defined on the face of the security document and the controller is preferably programmed to identify the respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by the covert trigger and the security image.




In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a device for authenticating a document is provided. The document includes an image printed on a face thereof. The image is defined by a collection of image elements. The authentication device comprises an optical imaging device and a specially programmed controller. The optical imaging device is arranged to generate an image signal representative of at least a portion of the image.




The controller is programmed to (i) define an authentication constellation within the image, wherein the authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein the constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within the image; (ii) identify respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels based on the image signal, wherein each of the respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and (iii) determine whether the respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing the respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.




In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, a security document is provided comprising a security image and a covert trigger printed on a face of the document. The security image is defined by a collection of security image elements. The security image defines at least one document authentication scheme. The document authentication scheme is arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity. The covert trigger is defined by a collection of trigger elements. The trigger elements are arranged to resemble the security image elements so the covert trigger is not readily apparent on the face of the document. Preferably, the covert trigger elements and the security image elements are constructed of shapes having substantially identical geometry. The document authentication scheme may comprise a scheme selected from a void pantograph, an optically decodable security image, a varying tone security image, and combinations thereof.




The covert trigger may be arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity in addition to the indication of document authenticity provided by the document authentication scheme. If the security document includes at least one variable data field, the covert trigger may define an authentication parameter for the at least one data field. The variable data field may comprise a date field and the authentication parameter defined by the covert trigger may comprise an encoded date. Alternatively, the variable data field may comprise an amount field and the authentication parameter defined by the covert trigger may comprise a maximum amount limit.




The covert trigger may also be arranged to match a predetermined authentication mask or to identify the document authentication scheme.




The security document may further comprise an overt trigger arranged to be visually distinct from the security image elements. The overt trigger may also be arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity or to identify the document authentication scheme. Specifically, the overt trigger may include an encoded identification of the document authentication scheme. Alternatively, the overt trigger arrangement and the covert trigger arrangement may define substantially identical graphical images.




An overt secure document indicator may be arranged to be visually distinct from the security image elements and to provide a readily apparent indication that the document at issue includes enhances security features. The overt secure document indicator may comprise a graphical icon.




A security document according to the present invention may include a pseudo-covert trigger printed on the face of the document. The pseudo-covert trigger may be arranged as a decoy by printing it such that it is more apparent on the face of the document than the covert trigger and such that its elements are arranged to resemble the security image elements to a significantly lesser extent than the collection of trigger elements.




In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, a method of authenticating a security document is provided. The security document at issue includes a security image printed on a face of the document. The security image includes a collection of security image elements and defines at least one document authentication scheme arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity. The method comprises the steps of: (i) defining an authentication constellation within the security image, wherein the authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein the constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within the security image; (ii) identifying respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels, wherein each of the respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and (iii) determining whether the respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing the respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.




A predetermined number of the authentic occupation characteristics may represent a degree of printed matter defined by a covert trigger defined on the face of the security document or by the security image itself. A predetermined number of the authentic occupation characteristics may represent an absence of printed matter within one of the selected constellation pixels. The step of identifying respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels may be executed by an automated machine.




In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, a method of authenticating a document is provided. The document at issue includes an image printed on a face of the document. The image includes a collection of image elements. The method comprises the steps of: (i) defining an authentication constellation within the image, wherein the authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein the constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within the image; (ii) identifying respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels, wherein each of the respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and (iii) determining whether the respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing the respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.




In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, a method of producing a security document is provided comprising the steps of: (i) defining a security image including a collection of security image elements, wherein the security image embodies a predetermined document authentication scheme arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity; (i) defining a covert trigger including a collection of trigger elements, wherein the trigger elements are arranged to resemble the security image elements; (ii) defining a trigger mask, wherein the trigger mask is arranged to define respective non-printed portions aligned with each of the trigger elements, and wherein each of the non-printed portions defines a non-printed buffer zone surrounding a corresponding trigger element; (iii) constructing a printed image from each of the security image, the covert trigger, and the trigger mask; and (iv) printing the constructed printed image on a substrate. The security image may include a background image layer, a message layer, a message layer mask, and a camouflage image layer.




Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an enhanced security document and security document authentication scheme that eliminates the need for printing readily apparent descriptions of a document's security features on the document itself and satisfies the continuing need for security documents incorporating enhanced security features. Other objects of the present invention will be apparent in light of the description of the invention embodied herein.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS




The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be best understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which:





FIG. 1

is a schematic illustration of a security document according to the present invention;





FIG. 2

is a schematic illustration of a security document according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;





FIGS. 3-6

are illustrations of a covert trigger and a method of document authentication according to the present invention;





FIG. 7

is an illustration of a method of producing a security document according to the present invention; and





FIG. 8

is a schematic illustration of a device for authenticating a security document according to the present invention.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS




Referring initially to

FIG. 1

, a security document


10


according to one embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The security document


10


may be a negotiable instrument or another type of document including particular security features arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity. The illustrated security document includes a security image


20


printed on a front face


12


of the document


10


. Although the security image


20


is merely illustrated schematically in

FIG. 1

, it will be understood by those practicing the present invention and familiar with security documents in general, including those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,579,370, 5,149,140, 5,197,765, 5,340,159, that the security image


20


is defined by a collection of security image elements


22


. A set of security image elements


22


are illustrated schematically in FIG.


3


.




The security image


20


defines a predetermined document authentication scheme that provides an indication of document authenticity. For example, the security image may be a conventional void pantograph security image, an optically decodable security image, a varying tone security image, some other security image, or combinations thereof. For the purposes of describing and defining the present invention, it is noted that printed matter comprises any type of graphical representations reproduced on a substrate, regardless of the method by which the graphical representation is rendered on the substrate.




Referring now to

FIG. 3

, a covert trigger


30


is printed on the face


12


of the document


10


. The covert trigger


30


is defined by a collection of trigger elements


32


and is referred to herein as a “covert” trigger because the trigger elements


32


are arranged to resemble the security image elements


22


such that the covert trigger


30


is not readily apparent on the face


12


of the document


10


. Preferably, the covert trigger elements


32


and the security image elements


22


are constructed of shapes having substantially identical geometry, e.g., printed dots, clusters of printed dots, etc. It is contemplated by the present invention, however, that the covert trigger elements


32


and the security image elements


22


need not be identical. Rather, all that is required is that the covert trigger elements


32


be sized and positioned such that they are substantially hidden within the security image


20


so as not to be readily apparent upon casual inspection of the security document


10


. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the covert trigger may be defined by partial printed elements, removed security image elements, or non-printed portions of the security image


20


. In other embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of covert triggers


30


are provided across the face


12


of the document


10


. The plural covert triggers


30


may be identical or distinct.




The covert trigger


30


may be arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity, to identify the document authentication scheme, or both. If the covert trigger


30


is arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity, that indication of authenticity will typically be in addition to the indication of document authenticity provided by the document authentication scheme.




In one embodiment of the present invention, the covert trigger


30


may be arranged such that it defines an authentication parameter for a data field on the security document


10


. Specifically, the shape, appearance, or arrangement of the trigger


30


may be an encoded representation of a predetermined parameter against which the authenticity of the data field may be checked. For example, the variable data field may comprise a printed issue date and the authentication parameter defined by the covert trigger


30


may comprises an encoded expiration date against which the printed date may be checked. In this manner, a security document processor may guard against alteration of the security document issue date by reading the encoded expiration date. As a further example, the variable data field may comprise a printed amount and the authentication parameter defined by the covert trigger


30


may comprise an encoded maximum amount limit. In this manner, a security document processor may guard against alteration of the value of a negotiable document beyond the encoded maximum value.




In another embodiment of the present invention, the covert trigger


30


is arranged to identify the document authentication scheme. Specifically, the arrangement of the covert trigger


30


may be such that it provides an indication as to the nature of the one or more authentication schemes embodied in the security document


10


. In this manner, the covert trigger


30


overcomes the disadvantages of merely describing the nature of the document authentication scheme in fine print along the top or bottom of the document—“CASH ONLY WHEN THE COLORED AREA OF THIS DOCUMENT CHANGES GRADUALLY AND EVENLY FROM DARKER TO LIGHTER WITH THE DARKER AREA AT THE TOP” or “THE FACE OF THIS CHECK HAS A SECURITY VOID BACKGROUND PATTERN—DO NOT CASH IF VOID IS VISIBLE.”




Referring again to

FIG. 1

, an overt trigger


40


is provided to further enhance the security document


10


. The overt trigger


40


is arranged to be visually distinct from the security image elements such that it is readily viewable on the face


12


of the security document


10


. The overt trigger


40


may be arranged to identify the document authentication scheme by defining an encoded identification of the nature of the authentication scheme embodied in the security document


10


. For example, the numerals “6545382” printed on the face of the document


10


may correspond to a predetermined security document decoding algorithm or authentication algorithm, i.e., an algorithm that points to a specific machine-readable decoding or authentication scheme. It is contemplated by the present invention that the overt trigger


40


may be positioned in a portion of the document dedicated to the identification of security features embodied in the document


10


. The portion of the document dedicated to the identification of security features, i.e., the security features rectangle, may be designated in an industry standard location.




The overt trigger


40


may also be arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity. For example, the overt trigger


40


and the covert trigger


30


may be arranged to define substantially identical graphical images. An indication as to document authenticity could be gleaned from a comparison of the respective graphical images defined by the overt trigger


40


and the covert trigger


30


. For example, the covert trigger could be arranged to define the shape of the number “5” or a star shape and the overt trigger could be a printed number “5” or a star.




Referring now to

FIG. 2

, an overt secure document indicator


50


may also be printed on the face


12


of the security document


10


and is arranged to be visually distinct from the security image elements


22


so as to be readily apparent on the face of the document. Preferably, the overt secure document indicator


50


comprises a graphical icon that clearly identifies the document


10


as an enhanced security document. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the overt secure document indicator


50


comprises a graphical representation of a pair of handcuffs. Other examples include a key, a lock, a chain link or a concertina wire pattern, etc.




Referring further to

FIGS. 2 and 3

, another aspect of the present invention contemplates the addition of a printed pseudo-covert trigger


60


on the face


12


of the document


10


. The pseudo-covert trigger is arranged to be more apparent on the face


12


of the document


10


than the covert trigger


30


by constructing it of pseudo-covert trigger elements


62


that resemble the security image elements


22


to a significantly lesser extent than the collection of trigger elements


32


. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pseudo-covert trigger


60


is utilized as a decoy for the true covert trigger


30


. Specifically, a counterfeiter aware of the presence of a covert trigger somewhere on the face


12


of the security document


10


may tend to mistake the pseudo-covert trigger


60


as the covert trigger


30


. As a result, the counterfeiter will copy the pseudo-covert trigger


60


instead of the covert trigger


30


and the resulting invalid copy will be identifiable as an invalid document because the covert trigger


30


will not have been copied. As will be appreciated by those practicing the present invention, the pseudo-covert trigger


60


need not convey any particular meaning or be arrange in any specific manner because it is merely a phony trigger. For the purposes of describing and defining the present invention, it is noted that a true trigger is graphical image or collection of printed elements arranged to provide a direct indication of document authenticity or to indicate a means by which a document may be authenticated.




Referring to

FIGS. 3-6

, various methods of authenticating a security document according to the present invention are illustrated. The security document at issue may or may not include a covert trigger, an overt trigger, a pseudo-covert trigger, or an overt secure document indicator. Rather, the security document at issue may merely include a security image


20


printed on a face of the document. The security image


20


, which is illustrated only partially in

FIGS. 3-6

, is defined by a collection of security image elements


22


and defines at least one document authentication scheme. The document authentication scheme, as is described above, is arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity. Initially, the method of authentication comprises the step of defining an authentication constellation


70


within the security image


20


. The authentication constellation


70


defines a set of constellation pixels


72


arranged at predetermined coordinates within the security image


20


. It is noted that seven constellation pixels


72


are present in the embodiments of

FIGS. 3 and 5

, ten constellation pixels


72


are present in the embodiment of

FIG. 4

, and nine constellation pixels


72


are present in the embodiment of FIG.


6


.




In the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 3

, the constellation pixels


72


are positioned to correspond to the positions of the trigger elements


32


. However, as is implied above, the constellation pixels


72


need not be positioned to correspond to the positions the trigger elements


32


. Rather, as is illustrated in

FIGS. 4-6

, the constellation pixels


72


may be arranged such that their positions correspond to the locations of security image elements


22


and trigger elements


32


(see FIGS.


4


and


6


), removed or missing security image elements


34


(see FIGS.


4


-


6


), other non-printed portions


36


of the security image


20


(see FIGS.


4


-


6


), or other combinations and selections of distinctive portions of printed or non-printed matter on the face of the security document at issue.




Once the authentication constellation


70


is identified, according to the authentication method of the present invention, the respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels


72


is identified. Each of the respective occupation characteristics represents a measure of the degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel


72


. The document at issue may then be authenticated based upon a determination of whether the respective occupation characteristics correspond to the predetermined authentic occupation characteristics of a document. As will be appreciated by those practicing the authentication method of the present invention, it will be preferable to establish a degree of tolerance in comparing the respective occupation characteristics with the corresponding predetermined authentic occupation characteristics of a document. For example, it may be preferable to authenticate a document if the 90% of the identified occupation characteristics correspond to the predetermined authentic occupation characteristics.




As is noted above, the covert trigger


30


itself may be arranged to match a predetermined authentication mask defining the authentication constellation


70


. For the purposes of defining and describing the present invention, it is noted that the noted “degree of printed matter” includes the case where no printed matter is included within a selected constellation pixel


72


.




As is noted above, the step of identifying respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels may be executed by an automated machine. More specifically, referring to

FIG. 8

, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a device


80


for authenticating a security document is provided. The authentication device


80


comprises a specially programmed controller


82


and an optical imaging device


84


.




The authentication device


80


may be utilized in a variety of applications. For example, the authentication device may be utilized with various types of security document or check processing equipment, like reader/sorters and point of sale terminals, to enable authentication when security documents or checks are in various stages of processing. In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the authentication device


80


is utilized at a check's point of first presentment, e.g., a point of sale terminal or a teller terminal at a banking or check cashing institution. The authentication device


80


may be positioned near or mounted to the check processing equipment. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention the authentication device


80


is incorporated directly into the internal structure of the equipment and is arranged to share hardware and software resources with the equipment.




The optical imaging device


84


is arranged to generate a security image signal representative of at least a portion of the security image. Regarding the specific arrangement of the imaging device


84


, it is noted that any one of a number of commercially available imaging devices may be modified or adapted in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Preferably, the device


84


includes a high resolution optics assembly capable of scanning a security document and generating the security image signal with the aid of a suitably programmed controller. Examples of imaging devices that may be arranged for operation according to the present invention include the IT9000E and the IT9000T imagers and the 4400HD/HD10 hand-held image readers available from Welch Allyn data collection Skaneateles Falls, N.Y. and the RDM EC5000i, available from the RDM Corporation, Waterloo, Ontario.




The controller


82


is programmed to define the authentication constellation


70


within the security image


20


and identify respective occupation characteristics of each of the constellation pixels


72


based on the security image signal. The controller


82


is further programmed to determine whether the respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing the respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics. Where the security document includes a covert trigger


30


the controller


82


is programmed to identify the respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by the covert trigger


30


, the security image


20


, or combinations thereof.




Referring now to

FIG. 7

, a method of producing a security document according to the present invention is illustrated schematically. Initially, a digital security image is defined, typically utilizing suitable graphic design software. The security image includes a collection of security image elements and embodies a predetermined document authentication scheme, referred to above, which is arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity. As is illustrated in

FIG. 7

, the security image includes: (i) a background image layer


102


; (ii) a message layer


106


; (iii) a message layer mask


104


defining non-printed areas within the background layer


102


corresponding to the positions of the printed matter within the message layer


106


; and (iv) a camouflage image layer


108


further defining non-printed matter arranged to obscure the message layer


106


.




A covert trigger layer


112


is also defined and includes a collection of trigger elements. As is noted above, the trigger elements may comprise printed elements, partial printed elements, or non-printed space. In any event, the trigger elements of the covert trigger layer


112


are preferably arranged to resemble the security image. A trigger mask layer


110


is defined and is arranged to define respective non-printed portions aligned with each of the trigger elements in the covert trigger layer


112


. Each of the non-printed portions in the trigger mask layer


110


defines a non-printed buffer zone surrounding a corresponding trigger element in the covert trigger layer


112


. The buffer zone is most conveniently provided by ensuring that the non-printed portions of the trigger mask layer


110


are aligned with, and uniformly larger than, the trigger elements in the covert trigger layer


112


. The buffer zone of the trigger mask layer


110


provides for a margin of error in positioning the elements of the covert trigger layer


112


. The image to be printed on the substrate


100


is constructed from the background image layer


102


, the message layer


106


, the message layer mask


104


, the camouflage image layer


108


, the trigger mask layer


110


, and the covert trigger layer


112


.




Having described the invention in detail and by reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.



Claims
  • 1. A device for authenticating a security document, said security document including a security image printed on a face thereof, wherein said security image is defined by a collection of security image elements, wherein said security image defines at least one document authentication scheme, and wherein said document authentication scheme is arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity, said authentication device comprising:an optical imaging device arranged to generate a security image signal representative of at least a portion of said security image; and a controller programmed to define an authentication constellation within said security image, wherein said authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein said constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within said security image; identify respective occupation characteristics of each of said constellation pixels based on said security image signal, wherein each of said respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and determine whether said respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing said respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.
  • 2. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein said security document includes a covert trigger defined by a set of covert trigger elements on said face of said security document and wherein said controller is programmed to identify said respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by at least a portion of said covert trigger.
  • 3. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein said controller is programmed to identify said respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by at least a portion of said security image.
  • 4. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein said security document includes a covert trigger defined by a set of covert trigger elements on said face of said security document and wherein said controller is programmed to identify said respective occupation characteristics based on printed matter defined by said covert trigger and said security image.
  • 5. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein selected ones of said authentic occupation characteristics represent an absence of printed matter within one of said selected constellation pixels.
  • 6. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein said covert trigger elements and said security image elements are constructed of shapes having substantially identical geometry.
  • 7. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein said document authentication scheme comprises a scheme selected from one or more of a void pantograph, an optically decodable security image, a varying tone security image, and combinations thereof.
  • 8. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein said cover trigger is arranged to provide an indication of document authenticity in addition to the indication of document authenticity provided by said document authentication scheme.
  • 9. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 8 wherein said security document includes at least one variable data field and wherein said covert trigger defines an authentication parameter for said variable data field.
  • 10. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 9 wherein said variable data field comprises a date field and wherein said authentication parameter defined by said covert trigger comprises an encoded date.
  • 11. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 9 wherein said variable data field comprises an amount field and wherein said authentication parameter defined by said covert trigger comprises a maximum amount limit.
  • 12. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein said covert trigger is arranged to match a predetermined authentication mask.
  • 13. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein said covert trigger is arranged to identify said document authentication scheme.
  • 14. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 2 wherein said covert trigger elements are selected from one or more of a printed element, a partial printed element, and non-printed space.
  • 15. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein said optical imaging device comprises a high resolution optics assembly capable of scanning said security document.
  • 16. A device for authenticating a security document as claimed in claim 1 wherein said optical imaging device is selected from a group comprising a linear imaging device and a hand-held imaging device.
  • 17. A device for authenticating a document, said document including an image printed on a face thereof, wherein said image is defined by a collection of image elements, said authentication device comprising:an optical imaging device arranged to generate an image signal representative of at least a portion of said image; and a controller programmed to define an authentication constellation within said image, wherein said authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein said constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within said image; identify respective occupation characteristics of each of said constellation pixels based on said image signal, wherein each of said respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and determine whether said respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing said respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.
  • 18. A security document processor comprising document processing hardware and a device for authenticating a security document, said security document including a security image printed on a face thereof, wherein said security image is defined by a collection of security image elements, wherein said security image defines at least one document authentication scheme, and wherein said document authentication scheme is arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity, said authentication device comprising:an optical imaging device arranged to generate a security image signal representative of at least a portion of said security image; and a controller programmed to define an authentication constellation within said security image, wherein said authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein said constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within said security image; identify respective occupation characteristics of each of said constellation pixels based on said security image signal, wherein each of said respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and determine whether said respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document by comparing said respective identified occupation characteristics to a set of authentic occupation characteristics.
  • 19. A security document processor as claimed in claim 18 wherein said device for authenticating said security document is mounted to said document processing hardware.
  • 20. A security document processor as claimed in claim 19 wherein said device for authenticating said security document and said document processing hardware share common hardware resources.
  • 21. A security document processor as claimed in claim 19 wherein said device for authenticating said security document and said document processing hardware share common software resources.
  • 22. A device for authenticating a security document, said security document including a security image printed on a face thereof, wherein said security image is defined by a collection of security image elements, wherein said security image defines at least one document authentication scheme, and wherein said document authentication scheme is arranged to provide a primary indication of document authenticity, said authentication device comprising:an optical imaging device arranged to generate a security image signal representative of at least a portion of said security image; and a controller programmed to define an authentication constellation within said security image, wherein said authentication constellation defines a set of constellation pixels, and wherein said constellation pixels are arranged at predetermined coordinates within said security image; identify respective occupation characteristics of each of said constellation pixels based on said security image signal, wherein each of said respective occupation characteristics represents a degree of printed matter within a selected constellation pixel; and determine whether said respective identified occupation characteristics correspond to an authentic document.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/291,537, filed Apr. 14, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,209,923.

US Referenced Citations (49)
Number Name Date Kind
4360548 Skees et al. Nov 1982 A
4579370 Corwin et al. Apr 1986 A
4588211 Greene May 1986 A
4846502 Chang et al. Jul 1989 A
4972471 Gross et al. Nov 1990 A
5091966 Bloomberg et al. Feb 1992 A
5128525 Stearns et al. Jul 1992 A
5131049 Bloomberg et al. Jul 1992 A
5149140 Mowry, Jr. et al. Sep 1992 A
5157726 Merkle et al. Oct 1992 A
5168147 Bloomberg Dec 1992 A
5197765 Mowry, Jr. et al. Mar 1993 A
5209515 Dotson et al. May 1993 A
5250492 Dotson et al. Oct 1993 A
5291243 Heckman et al. Mar 1994 A
5315098 Tow May 1994 A
5325167 Melen Jun 1994 A
5340159 Mowry, Jr. Aug 1994 A
5396559 McGrew Mar 1995 A
5436974 Kovanen Jul 1995 A
5445418 Blend Aug 1995 A
5483602 Stenzel et al. Jan 1996 A
5611575 Petrie Mar 1997 A
5621515 Hoshion et al. Apr 1997 A
5621810 Suzuki et al. Apr 1997 A
5636292 Rhoads Jun 1997 A
5644352 Chang et al. Jul 1997 A
5647010 Okubo et al. Jul 1997 A
5673338 Denenberg et al. Sep 1997 A
5694229 Drinkwater et al. Dec 1997 A
5698296 Dotson et al. Dec 1997 A
5712731 Drinkwater et al. Jan 1998 A
5757521 Walters et al. May 1998 A
5785353 Diamond Jul 1998 A
5790932 Komaki et al. Aug 1998 A
5822660 Wen Oct 1998 A
5832227 Anderson et al. Nov 1998 A
5843564 Gasper et al. Dec 1998 A
5848426 Wang et al. Dec 1998 A
5854197 Mowry, Jr. et al. Dec 1998 A
5864623 Messina et al. Jan 1999 A
5868902 Howland et al. Feb 1999 A
5912205 Lakes et al. Jun 1999 A
5951055 Mowry, Jr. Sep 1999 A
5983347 Brinkmeyer et al. Nov 1999 A
5995638 Amidror et al. Nov 1999 A
6001510 Meng et al. Dec 1999 A
6176427 Antognini et al. Jan 2001 B1
6209923 Thaxton et al. Apr 2001 B1
Foreign Referenced Citations (3)
Number Date Country
0 493 053 Jan 1992 EP
0 469 868 May 1992 EP
WO 9822292 May 1998 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (5)
Entry
Article from The Adams Chronicle, “CSPI Increases R & D”, Nov. 15, 1995, pp. 8-9.
Article from Today's News, “Xerox Expands Lasertechnics Access to Security Software: Banking and Medical Cards Key Applications for Biometric Security”, pp. 1-2.
Welch Allyn Image Team 9000 OEM Linear Image Engine (IT9000E) & Linear Image Transport (IT9000T), pp. 1-6, Nov. 17, 1999.
Research Development & Manufacturing Corporation, RDM EC5000i—Financial Document Image and MICR Capture—Enabling ACH Check Conversion, 1998.
Welch Allyn Data Collection Products, Imageteam 4400HD/HD10—Hand Held 2D Image Readers, Nov. 19, 1999.
Continuation in Parts (1)
Number Date Country
Parent 09/291537 Apr 1999 US
Child 09/524441 US