The invention relates to a device for sorting products while they are being conveyed in a direction of transport, said device comprising a conveyor which is movable along an endless conveying path, which conveyor comprises a number of conveying units, each comprising an undercarriage and at least one load-carrying element connected to the undercarriage for supporting products, wherein at least some of the load-carrying elements are movable with respect to the associated undercarriage for loading and/or unloading products onto/from the load-carrying elements, and wherein at least some of the undercarriages are coupled together.
Such devices are known in various embodiment thereof, they are used in particular for sorting products. To that end, the movement of the movable load-carrying elements can be activated by a control system at several delivery positions along the conveying path while a conveying unit moves past such a delivery position, so that the products are discharged sideways from the conveyor at the delivery positions in question and can thus be sorted. Important embodiments of such sorting devices are cross-belt sorters and tilting tray sorters, examples of which are disclosed in European patent applications EP 990 604 A1 and EP 960 838 A1, respectively. With sorting devices of the former type, the movable load-carrying element is formed by a conveyor belt which extends transversely to the conveying path, whereas the movable load-carrying element of sorting devices of the latter type is formed by a load-carrying tray which is tiltable about an axis of tilt that extends parallel to the conveying path. In addition to that there are load-carrying elements of the bomb hatch type, which comprise a load-carrying plate that can tilt downwards, so that a product present on the load-carrying plate is discharged through an opening thus formed. Within the framework of the present invention, load-carrying elements being movable with respect to the associated undercarriage are to be understood to include at least load-carrying elements comprising a supporting surface along which a pusher element associated with the conveying unit in question, which thus moves along in the direction of transport, can be moved for pushing a product off the supporting surface. It is furthermore noted that in principle any load-carrying elements that are not movable with respect to the associated undercarriages need not be actually utilized for supporting products, and in fact even need not be suitable for that purpose in that case. Such load-carrying elements might only serve to fill the gap between two load-carrying elements that are actually movable with respect to the associated undercarriages.
Such sorting devices, in particular modern embodiments thereof, are highly suitable for sorting products at high speeds and a high capacity. On the other hand, such sorting device require considerable investments, in particular because of the means that are required for each conveying unit to enable the movement of said at least one associated load-carrying element. Such means comprise, among other things, driving means such as an electric motor, means for supplying energy to such driving means, whether or not in a contactless manner, and/or any mechanisms that may be required, such as camway systems.
Another aspect that plays a part when using such sorting devices is the fact that for logistic reasons and reasons generally relating to the layout, the length of the conveying path can usually be considered to be a given, for example because of the number of discharge locations that are required. This implies that the capacity of the sorting devices that his actually utilised is usually smaller than the capacity that would be technically achievable with the sorting devices being used, so that there is some overcapacity. As a result, “vacant” load-carrying elements will be encountered, or the speed at which the conveyor moves in the direction of transport is lower than the speed that is possible according to the specifications of the sorting device. On the other hand, in the situation in which the capacity of the sorting device is actually utilised to its full extent, the actual capacity can only be changed, more particularly be increased, to a limited extent, or not at all, at a later stage, if the need for that should arise in the course of time.
In addition to that, the use of movable load-carrying elements for sorting products is not required for all sorting applications, and cheaper sorting means, such as pusher mechanisms arranged along the sorting path that push products sideways off a supporting surface, could be quite satisfactory for these applications. An example of such a pusher mechanism is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,220,422 B1. In addition to that, depending on factors such as the nature of the products to be sorted and the desired sorting speed, movable load-carrying elements of one type are preferred for one application and movable load-carrying elements of the other type may be preferred for other applications for technical or economic reasons.
In International patent application W0-A1-00/32502 a sorting device is described with reference to
U.S. Pat. No. 3,662,906 describes a conveying system which employs interconnected carrier carts 4 having side walls 14, which are oriented transversely to the direction of movement and which can be swung down so as to form a common supporting surface with an adjacent cart. All carts 4 are of identical construction.
The object of the invention is to provide a device as referred to in the introduction which, whether in preferred embodiments of the invention or not, complies with the precondition to compose an optimum configuration of a device as referred to in the introduction whilst providing a greater degree of flexibility as regards the cost of investment, the sorting capacity and the manner in which sorting takes place. In order to accomplish that object, the device according to the invention is in the first place characterized in that the type and/or the dimensions of a first number of load-carrying elements is/are different from that/those of a second number of load-carrying elements. By using mutually different load-carrying elements within a train of conveying units, the intended flexibility is achieved. The various aspects of said flexibility will become apparent in particular from the following preferred embodiments of the invention.
According to a first preferred embodiment, the load-carrying elements of said first number of load-carrying elements are movable with respect to the associated undercarriages for unloading a product from a respective load-carrying element, whilst the load-carrying elements of said second number of load-carrying elements are not movable with respect to the associated undercarriages. The term non-movable load-carrying element as used within the framework of the present invention is to be understood to mean a load-carrying element which is not movable in such a manner that the possible (limited) movability of the load-carrying element makes it possible to move a product off the associated conveying unit. It will be understood that the term “non-movable load-carrying element” certainly includes load-carrying elements which are rigidly connected to the associated undercarriages. Due to the use of non-movable load-carrying elements, which will naturally be considerably cheaper than movable load-carrying elements, it will sooner be economically sound to invest in devices comprising movable as well as non-movable load-carrying elements, or the cost of investment can be recovered sooner, because the sorting capacity that is to be installed can be geared more adequately to the required sorting capacity. Overcapacity is thus prevented, so that the cost of investment will not run up needlessly. In addition, the use of non-movable load-carrying elements makes it possible to continue the pattern of (movable) load-carrying elements, in spite of the fact that a smaller number of conveying units comprising movable load-carrying elements are used than required for filling the entire conveying path or a desired part thereof with load-carrying elements, as a result of which there will be no undesirable “gaps” in the conveyor as regards the load-carrying elements.
According to an alternative preferred embodiment, the load-carrying elements of said first number of load-carrying elements are movable with respect to the associated undercarriages in a manner different from the manner in which the load-carrying elements of said second number of load-carrying elements are movable with respect to the associated undercarriages. Using a device according to the invention, it is thus possible when sorting products to choose between using either the movability of the load-carrying elements of said first number of load-carrying elements or that of the load-carrying elements of said second number of load-carrying elements, which choice may be based on the nature of the product to be sorted, for example. One product will be more suitable for being sorted via load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements, whilst another product can be sorted more easily via load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements. In that sense the device according to the invention becomes more flexible, because the above option provides a greater degree of flexibility.
Very suitable embodiments of devices according to the invention can be obtained if the movable load-carrying elements are capable either of tilting movement about at least one axis of tilt with respect to the associated undercarriages or of translating movement in a direction of translation with respect to the associated undercarriages.
In order to make it possible at a later stage to change the sorting capacity of a device according to the invention as regards the quality and in particular the quantity, which in practice will generally imply increasing the capacity, it is strongly preferred that undercarriages associated with the load-carrying elements of both the first and the second number of load-carrying elements are provided with connecting means suitable for providing a connection with load-carrying elements of both the first and the second number of load-carrying elements. If the need for a larger or different capacity should arise in the course of time, this need can be met in a relatively simple manner by exchanging load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements for load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements, or vice versa, which is in principle possible without exchanging the associated undercarriages in the present preferred embodiment, as a result of which this can take place relatively quickly and at relatively low cost. More specifically, one could imagine in this case that non-movable load-carrying elements are exchanged for movable load-carrying elements, or that movable load-carrying elements of a first type are exchanged for movable load-carrying elements of the second type.
In another preferred embodiment, the load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements have a length, seen in the direction of transport, which is different from the length of the load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements. Thus the device according to the invention can be made suitable for conveying and sorting products of varying dimensions without there being a need to have relatively large products supported by two or more load-carrying elements arranged adjacently to each other.
It may be advantageous in this connection if undercarriages associated with load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements have a length, seen in the direction of transport, which is different from the length of undercarriages associated with load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements. Thus undercarriages of different length are used, which, depending on several factors, might further reduce the cost price of the device according to the invention.
The length of undercarriages associated with load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements is preferably a multitude of the length of undercarriages associated with load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements. This achieves that exchanging a relatively long undercarriage for two or more short undercarriages, or vice versa, will have no effect on the overall length of the conveyor.
The latter advantage in particular applies if the length of the conveyor at least substantially corresponds to the length of the endless conveying path. In this connection an endless conveyor may be considered, or a conveyor whose head and tail are positioned relatively close together.
For control reasons it is generally preferred that load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements and load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements are distributed in a regular pattern over the length of the conveyor.
For manually operating a device according to the invention, in which products are manually placed onto a load-carrying element, it will generally be advantageous if load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements and load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements are alternately arranged in the conveyor.
When a device according to the invention is operated in an automated manner, on the other hand, it will generally be advantageous if load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements and load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements are arranged in groups in the conveyor. With such an automated system, the supply of products to the load-carrying elements will take place in an automated manner, usually by means of the supply conveyor.
To prevent gaps being formed between adjacent load-carrying elements, into which gaps products or parts thereof might find their way, which might interfere with the operation of the device according to the invention, it is advantageous if load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements and load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements arranged adjacently to each other form a closed common supporting surface also when passing through bends.
More specifically, it is advantageous in that connection if load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements and load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements arranged adjacently to each other abut against each other. An example of such abutment is described in European patent application EP 960 838 A1, albeit that only (one type of) tilting tray load-carrying elements are used therein, this in contrast to the present invention.
In order to make it possible in a constructionally simple manner for adjacent load-carrying elements to form a closed common supporting surface also when passing through bends, load-carrying elements arranged adjacently to each other preferably have complementally curved edges on their facing sides.
Alternatively, or in combination therewith, it is also possible, in order to prevent gaps or the like, to provide bridging means between adjacent load-carrying elements, more in particular between load-carrying elements of the first number of load-carrying elements and load-carrying elements of the second number of load-carrying elements, for bridging a distance between said adjacent load-carrying elements.
Preferably, such bridging means comprise a harmonica-like element, as a result of which it is no longer necessary to use elastic materials, for example.
Alternatively, or in combination therewith, adjacent load-carrying elements may furthermore partially overlap. Thus the formation of gaps or the like between adjacent load-carrying elements can be prevented in a constructionally very simple manner.
The invention is also based on the perception that non-movable load-carrying elements can be used not only to fill the space between movable load-carrying elements, but that is also possible to use the conveying units associated with the non-movable load-carrying elements for sorting products, to which end moving means are preferably provided along the conveying path for moving a product off a load-carrying element. Such moving means are well-known, in all kinds of the embodiments thereof, to those skilled in the art. By way of illustration reference may be made to the content of U.S. Pat. No. 6,220,422 B1.
According to a very practical embodiment, a supply station is provided for supplying products to the conveyor after said products have been moved off a load-carrying element, preferably by the aforesaid moving means. It is thus possible to carry out manual operations on the product in the mean time, and subsequently place said product back onto a movable or a non-movable load-carrying element, which may or may not be done manually. Such an operation might for example consist of taking a product out of its package, said product possibly being a sub-package containing an article and said package being a so-called outer box.
The invention will be explained in more detail hereinafter by means of a description of a number of preferred embodiments of devices according to the invention, in which a reference is made to the following figures.
a is a schematic top plan view of three conveying units shown in the left-hand bend of
b is a schematic sectional view along the line VIb-VIb in
a is a schematic top plan view of three conveying units shown in the right-hand bend of
b is a schematic sectional view along the line VIIb-VIIb in
a is a schematic side elevation of a conveying unit as used in the fourth embodiment as shown in
b shows
a is a schematic top plan view of a part of the conveying units that form part of the fourth embodiment as shown in
b shows
Like parts are indicated by the same numerals in the various preferred embodiments.
The active conveying units 4 comprise two cross conveyor belts 6 for each conveying unit 4 (also referred to
The passive conveying units 5, 105 are of considerably simpler construction, and instead of the cross conveyor belts 6 of the active conveying units 4, the passive conveying units comprise a plate 15, 115 which, insofar as another passive conveying unit 5, 105 is present ahead of the passive conveying unit 5, 105 in question, has a rounded front side (seen in the direction of transport 3). The plates 15 overlap with the plate 15 of the next passive conveying unit 5 at the location of the rounded front side, and they are pivotally interconnected by means of the pivot 14 (also refer to
The passive conveying units 5, 105, which bound an active conveying unit 4 at their front sides (seen in the direction of transport 3), are indicated by numerals 5′ and 105′, respectively; at their front sides, they are not rounded, unlike the passive conveying units 5, 105. The plates 15″, 115″ associated with the passive conveying unit 5″, 105″, respectively, which are located directly ahead of an active conveying unit 4, have a straight rear side, unlike the rear side of the plates 115, 115′ in the right-hand bend.
The active conveying units 4 as well as the passive conveying units 5 are incorporated in the conveyor 2 in groups consisting of six units. Such an arrangement in groups has advantages in particular when products 9 are supplied in an automated manner, for example by means of the supply conveyor 13.
Bridging elements in the form of bellows 16 are provided between active conveying units 4 arranged adjacently to each other. Such bellows 16 are also present between active conveying units 4 and adjacent passive conveying units 5′, 5″, 105′, 105″. The bellows 16 are capable of bridging a gap between the adjacent conveying units in question, so that no space into which products or other objects may find their way will form there between.
The conveyors 22, 42 of the sorting devices 21 and 41 as shown in
To extend the capacity of the sorting device 41 it therefore suffices to substitute the upper structure 48 of the passive conveying units 45 for the upper structure 18 of an active conveying unit 4. To that end the undercarriages 17, 47 are provided with means (not shown in detail) such as brackets that make it possible to mount both the upper structure 48 and the upper structure 18 thereon, which means may in principle differ from each other. To extend the sorting capacity of the sorting device according to the invention it is alternatively also possible to substitute a complete passive conveying unit 5, 5′, 45 for a complete active conveying unit 4.
The passive conveying units 63, 64 comprise load-carrying plates 71, 72 that are rigidly connected with the associated undercarriage 65. The circumferential edge of the load-carrying plates 71, 72 is straight on the side facing towards the active conveying units 61, whereas said circumferential edge is arched on the side facing towards the active conveying units 62, so that the shape of the circumferential edge at that location conforms to the shape of the circumferential edge of the tilting plates 66, 67, so as to provide a substantially closed supporting surface also while moving through bends. A similar effect is achieved between the active conveying units on the one hand and the passive conveying units 63, 64 on the other hand, in that a bellows 73 is used between said conveying units.
The sorting device 80 (
The active conveying unit 4 has already been described above with reference to
The sorting device 100 that is shown in
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all kinds of variants of sorting systems are possible within the scope of the invention. By way of illustration, it is for example pointed out that also a variant of the embodiment that is shown in
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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1024034 | Aug 2003 | NL | national |