Patent Application
20230314033
The present disclosure relates to a device for evaluating a body temperature regulating function, an air processing device, and a method for evaluating a body temperature regulating function.
A risk determination device described in Patent Document 1 includes a measurer configured to measure a physiological index associated with the peripheral blood flow of a subject, and an analyzer configuerd to acquire the magnitude of fluctuations in the physiological index (fluctuations in the blood flow) and to determine the risk of abnormality in the thermoregulation function based on the magnitude of the fluctuations.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-212306
A first aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a method for evaluating a body temperature regulating function. The method for evaluating the body temperature regulating function includes: acquiring an autonomic index of a target; acquiring a perspiration index of the target; and evaluating the body temperature regulating function of the target by using the autonomic index of the target and the perspiration index of the target.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that like reference characters denote the same or equivalent components in the drawings, and the detailed description thereof, the description of advantages associated therewith, and other descriptions will not be repeated.
A system (10) for evaluating a body temperature regulating function according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As shown in
The first sensor (100) is worn by a target to measure the physical quantity indicating how a control system related to the autonomic nervous system of the target works. In the first embodiment, the first sensor (100) measures the heart rate of the target, which is an example of the physical quantity. The first sensor (100) includes, for example, an electrocardiographic sensor.
The second sensor (200) is worn by the target to measure the perspiration index of the target. The perspiration index indicates the physical quantity that changes according to perspiration on the skin surface. Examples of the perspiration index include electrodermal activity (EDA), such as skin potential activity (SPA) or skin conductance change (SC), and the amount of perspiration. In the first embodiment, the skin conductance change (SC) is employed as the perspiration index. In this case, the second sensor (200) includes a skin conductance change measuring device, and measures the skin conductance change (SC) of the target. Note that the amount of perspiration may be employed as the perspiration index. In this case, the second sensor (200) includes an amount-of-perspiration determining device, such as a perspiration meter, and measures the amount of perspiration of the target.
The evaluation device (300) includes, for example, a terminal, such as a smartphone or a personal computer (PC). The evaluation device (300) includes a first acquisition unit (310), a second acquisition unit (320), a notification unit (330), a storage (340), and an evaluation unit (350). The evaluation device (300) evaluates the body temperature regulating function of the target to output information indicating the degree of performance of the body temperature regulating function of the target. The body temperature regulating function indicates the function of maintaining the body temperature through heat dissipation (e.g., perspiration) or thermogenesis (e.g., body shivering) as appropriate to address heat stress. The heat stress indicates the load (e.g., warm and cold stimuli that hinder maintenance of the body temperature) that a human receives from the thermal environment. The degree of performance of the body temperature regulating function is defined by how often an action for thermoregulation, such as an action of perspiration, an action of body shivering, or an action of dilating or constricting the blood vessels, is performed in response to an instruction related to the thermoregulation function through the autonomic nerve from the center to the terminals.
The first acquisition unit (310) includes a device for communicating with the first sensor (100). The first acquisition unit (310) acquires information indicating the interbeat interval measured by the first sensor (100). The first acquisition unit (310) is communicably connected to the first sensor (100) in a wired or wireless manner. The first acquisition unit (310) includes, for example, at least one of a device for performing wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth (registered trademark), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) (registered trademark), or Internet communications) (such as a wireless LAN module) or a device for performing wired communication (such as a communication port connected to a communication cable).
The first acquisition unit (310) further includes a processor. The processor of the first acquisition unit (310) calculates an autonomic nerve index based on the measurement result of the first sensor (100). The autonomic nerve index indicates an index used to grasp how the control system related to the autonomic nervous system works. In the first embodiment, the autonomic nerve index indicates a heart rate variability index (LF/HF) used to grasp how heartbeat works. The processor of the first acquisition unit (310) calculates the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) based on the heart rate, which is the measurement result of the first sensor (100). The heart rate variability index (LF/HF) can be calculated from the interbeat interval by frequency analysis, for example. Specifically, frequency analysis (spectrum analysis) performed on the heart rate variability (R-R interval variability) using a technique, such as Fourier transformation or wavelet transformation, enables acquisition of a low-frequency component (LF), a high-frequency component (HF), and the ratio of the low-frequency component to the high-frequency component (LF/HF). The low-frequency component (LF) mainly reflects the sympathetic nerve function (partially reflects the parasympathetic nerve function), and ranges from 0.05 Hz to 0.15 Hz. The high-frequency component (HF) reflects the parasympathetic nerve function, and ranges from 0.15 Hz to 0.4 Hz. The ratio is the heart rate variability index. Alternatively, the waveform of a pulse wave may undergo secondary differentiation to calculate an acceleration plethysmogram. The variability of the a-a intervals (pulse periods) corresponding to the variability of the R-R intervals of an electrocardiogram may be determined based on the waveform of the obtained acceleration plethysmogram. Frequency analysis may be performed on the time variability of the a-a intervals. Accordingly, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) can be determined based on the result of the analysis.
In the first embodiment, the first acquisition unit (310) performs the process of calculating the heart rate variability index (LF/HF). However, the present invention is not limited to this. The first sensor (100) may be configured to perform the process of calculating the heart rate variability index (LF/HF), and the first acquisition unit (310) may be configured to acquire the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) from the first sensor (100).
The second acquisition unit (320) includes a device for communicating with the second sensor (200). The second acquisition unit (320) acquires information indicating the skin conductance change (SC) measured by the second sensor (200). The second acquisition unit (320) is communicably connected to the second sensor (200) in a wired or wireless manner. The second sensor (200) includes, for example, at least one of a device for performing wireless communication or a device for performing wired communication.
The notification unit (330) makes notification of predetermined information. The notification unit (330) includes, for example, a speaker that emits notification sounds, a display that displays predetermined information, and/or a communication device that transmits predetermined information to an external terminal (such as a smartphone). The predetermined information will be described later.
The storage (340) includes a main memory (e.g., a semiconductor memory), such as a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM), and may further include an auxiliary memory (e.g., a hard disk drive, a solid state drive (SSD), a secure digital (SD) memory card, or a universal serial bus (USB) flash memory). The storage (340) stores various computer programs executed by the evaluation unit (350) and the processor of the first acquisition unit (310).
The storage (340) stores the classification information (Z). The classification information (Z) will be described later.
The evaluation unit (350) includes a processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor unit (MPU). The evaluation unit (350) executes a computer program stored in the storage (340) so as to control elements of the evaluation device (300).
The result of the test performed by the inventors of this application will be described with reference to
In this test, the target moved alternately to two rooms. The air temperature in one of the two rooms was set at a room temperature (26° C.), and the air temperature in the other room was set at a high temperature (36° C.). In addition, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and skin conductance change (SC) of the target were determined at all times during the test period. Then, the graph (G1) in which the time for which the test has been performed is associated with the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) of the target (see
As shown in
The graph (G1) will be described with reference to
As shown in the graph (G1), during the room-temperature periods, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) of the target tends to remain unchanged or to decrease. During the high-temperature periods, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) of the target tends to increase.
The graph (G2) will be described with reference to
As shown in the graph (G2), during the room-temperature periods, the skin conductance change (SC) of the target tends to decrease. During the high-temperature periods, the skin conductance change (SC) of the target tends to increase.
The relation between the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the skin conductance change (SC) will be described with reference to
As shown in
During the second high-temperature period (from time t3 to time t4), the peak value (pb) of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is higher than the peak value (pa) during the first high-temperature period (pb > pa). Thus, it is conceivable that a balance is starting to be disturbed between the sympathetic nerve that is responsible for the thermoregulation function and the parasympathetic nerve that has antagonism with the thermoregulation function. Meanwhile, the peak value (qb) of the skin conductance change (SC) is equivalent to the peak value (qa) during the first high-temperature period (qb ≈ qa). Thus, it is conceivable that the thermoregulation function is maintained. Thus, it can be understood that while continuation of the load imposed on the thermoregulation function reduces the amount of energy left over, the thermoregulation function has been maintained.
During the third high-temperature period (from time t5 to time t6), the peak value (pc) of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is high just like during the second high-temperature period, whereas the peak value (qc) of the skin conductance change (SC) is lower than the peak value (qb) during the second high-temperature period. Thus, it can be expected that the disturbance of the autonomic balance and the exhaustion of a peripheral physiological mechanism related to perspiration have prevented adequate perspiration. It can be understood that the thermoregulation function in this state is more exhausted than during the second high-temperature period.
During the fourth high-temperature period (from time t7 to time t8), the peak value (pd) of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is high just like during the second and third high-temperature periods, whereas the peak value (qd) of the skin conductance change (SC) is further lower than the peak value (qc) during the third high-temperature period. This leads to a further decrease in the amount of perspiration of the target. Thus, it can be understood that the body temperature regulating function is further exhausted, which results in difficulty in thermoregulation.
The above-described test has provided the result that if the target stays alternately in a hot environment (36° C.) and in a room-temperature environment (26° C.) each for 20 minutes, his/her index related to the thermoregulation function is gradually made worse.
Based on the above-described test result, the inventors of this application have developed a technique for evaluating the fatigued state of the thermoregulation function (the state of the thermoregulation function), such as the disturbance of the autonomic balance related to the temperature regulating function or deterioration in the peripheral perspiration function, step by step based on the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the state of the skin conductance change serving as the perspiration index. The fatigued state is caused by long-time or repetitive exposure to heat load.
The classification information (Z) stored in the storage (340) will be described with reference to
The classification information (Z) indicates that the result of evaluating the body temperature regulating function is classified into a plurality of patterns based on the threshold values respectively set for the autonomic index and the perspiration index. The plurality of patterns are associated with a plurality of index sets, respectively. The plurality of index sets are each configured as a combination of the autonomic index and the perspiration index each having a range defined by the associated threshold value.
The threshold value set for the autonomic index and the threshold value set for the perspiration index may be hereinafter referred to as the “first threshold value” and the “second threshold value,” respectively.
In the first embodiment, the classification information (Z) is obtained by classifying the result of evaluating the body temperature regulating function into a plurality of patterns using the heart rate variability index (LF/HF), which is an example of the autonomic index, and the skin conductance change (SC), which is an example of the perspiration index.
In the first embodiment, the result of evaluating the body temperature regulating function is classified into four patterns (A) to (D). The pattern (A) indicates the normal state where the load imposed on the thermoregulation is low and the thermoregulation function has not been fatigued. The pattern (B) indicates the state where while the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high, the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is low such that energy is still left over. The pattern (C) indicates the state where the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is moderate such that a small amount of energy is left over. The pattern (D) indicates the state where the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is high such that the body temperature is hardly maintained. The result of evaluating the body temperature regulating function becomes worse in the order of the patterns (A), (B), (C), and (D).
In the first embodiment, a first threshold value V is set for the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) (see
In the classification information (Z) shown in
In the first embodiment, the pattern (A) is configured as a combination of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) having a range less than the first threshold value V and the skin conductance change (SC) having a range less than the second threshold value W. As indicated by the pattern (A), if the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is less than the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC) is less than the second threshold value W, this state can be evaluated as the normal state where the load imposed on the thermoregulation is low and the thermoregulation function has not been fatigued.
In the first embodiment, the pattern (B) is configured as a combination of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) having a range less than the first threshold value V and the skin conductance change (SC) having a range greater than or equal to the second threshold value W. As indicated by the pattern (B), if the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is less than the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC) is greater than or equal to the second threshold value W, the autonomic nervous system acts normally, and a large amount of perspiration occurs. Thus, this state can be evaluated as the state where while the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high, the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is low such that energy is still left over.
In the first embodiment, the pattern (C) is configured as a combination of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) having a range greater than or equal to the first threshold value V and the skin conductance change (SC) having a range greater than or equal to the second threshold value W. As indicated by the pattern (C), if the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is greater than or equal to the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC) is greater than or equal to the second threshold value W, the autonomic nerve that is responsible for the thermoregulation function works excessively, and a large amount of perspiration occurs. Thus, this state can be evaluated as the state where the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is moderate so that a small amount of energy is left over.
In the first embodiment, the pattern (D) is configured as a combination of the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) having a range greater than or equal to the first threshold value V and the skin conductance change (SC) having a range less than the second threshold value W. As indicated by the pattern (D), if the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is greater than or equal to the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC) is less than the second threshold value W, the autonomic nerve that is responsible for the thermoregulation function works excessively, whereas the perspiration function that responds to the autonomic nerve deteriorates. Thus, this state can be evaluated as the state where the load imposed on the thermoregulation function is high and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is high such that the body temperature is hardly maintained.
An example of processing of the evaluation unit (350) will be described with reference to
As shown in
In the first embodiment, at second timing (N2) around the end of the second high-temperature period (from time t3 to time t4), the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) reaches its peak value (pb), and the skin conductance change (SC) reaches its peak value (qb). At the second timing (N2), the heart rate variability index (LF/HF = pb) is greater than or equal to the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC = qb) is greater than or equal to the second threshold value W. In this case, the evaluation unit (350) (see
In the first embodiment, at third timing (N3) around the end of the third high-temperature period (from time t5 to time t6), the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) reaches its peak value (pc), and the skin conductance change (SC) reaches its peak value (qc). At the third timing (N3), the heart rate variability index (LF/HF = pc) is greater than or equal to the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC = qc) is less than the second threshold value W. In this case, the evaluation unit (350) (see
In the first embodiment, at fourth timing (N4) around the end of the fourth high-temperature period (from time t7 to time t8), the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) reaches its peak value (pd), and the skin conductance change (SC) reaches its peak value (qd). At the fourth timing (N4), the heart rate variability index (LF/HF = pd) is greater than or equal to the first threshold value V, and the skin conductance change (SC = qc) is less than the second threshold value W. In this case, the evaluation unit (350) (see
As described above with reference to
An evaluation system (20) according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As shown in
The air processing device (400) is an appliance having the function of regulating an indoor temperature. The air processing device (400) include, for example, an air conditioner.
The air processing device (400) includes an indoor unit (410) and an outdoor unit (420).
The indoor unit (410) is placed inside. The indoor unit (410) includes a temperature sensor (411), a storage (412), an evaluation device (300), and a control unit (413). The temperature sensor (411) detects the indoor temperature. The storage (412) includes a main memory, such as a flash memory, a ROM, or a RAM, and may further include an auxiliary memory. The storage (412) stores therein various computer programs executable by the control unit (413). The control unit (413) includes a processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor unit (MPU). In the second embodiment, the evaluation device (300) is an electronic component incorporated into or externally attached to a housing of the indoor unit (410).
The control unit (413) executes a computer program stored in the storage (412) so as to control elements of the air processing device (400). The control unit (413) controls components, such as a fan provided in the indoor unit (410) and a compressor provided in the outdoor unit (420), to control air conditioning, thus controlling the indoor temperature. The control unit (413) of the air processing device (400) may function also as the evaluation unit (350) of the evaluation device (300) (see
An example action of the air processing device (400) will be described with reference to
In the second embodiment, the process shown in
At the start of the process shown in
As shown in
In step S20, the skin conductance change (SC) of the target is measured by the second sensor (200). The second acquisition unit (320) of the evaluation device (300) acquires the skin conductance change (SC) of the target from the second sensor (200).
In steps S10 and S20, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the skin conductance change (SC) measured at substantially the same time are acquired. Note that the order of the process shown in step S10 and the process shown in step S20 is not limited. For example, step S20 and step S10 may be performed in this order, or may be performed at the same time.
In step S30, the evaluation unit (350) of the evaluation device (300) evaluates the body temperature regulating function of the target based on the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) acquired in step S10, the skin conductance change (SC) acquired in step S20, and the classification information (Z) (see
If the body temperature regulating function of the target is evaluated to fall under the pattern (A), the process proceeds to step S40. Also if the body temperature regulating function of the target is evaluated to fall under the pattern (B), the process proceeds to step S40. If the body temperature regulating function of the target is evaluated to fall under the pattern (C) (first pattern), the process proceeds to step S50. If the body temperature regulating function of the target is evaluated to fall under the pattern (D) (second pattern), the process proceeds to step S60.
In step S40, the control unit (413) of the air processing device (400) continues to perform the present air-conditioning control (the air-conditioning control that has been performed since the start of the process shown in
In step S50, the control unit (413) of the air processing device (400) performs a first process. The first process indicates that air conditioning is controlled so that the indoor temperature is equal to a predetermined first temperature (comfortable temperature). The first temperature indicates, for example, the indoor temperature when air conditioning is controlled so that the PMV is from -0.5 to +0.5. The first temperature is lower than the start temperature.
As shown in
If the body temperature regulating function of the target deteriorates to the pattern (D), the skin conductance change (SC) is immediately lowered to quickly improve the body temperature regulating function of the target in one preferred embodiment. Thus, in the second process (step S60), the indoor temperature is adjusted to the second temperature (cold temperature) before being adjusted to the first temperature (comfortable temperature), thereby immediately lowering the skin conductance change (SC) of the target. As a result, the body temperature regulating function of the target can be quickly improved.
In the second process, a process similar to the first process (the process of lowering the indoor temperature from the start temperature to the first temperature) may be performed. In the first process (step S50), a process similar to the second process (the process of lowering the indoor temperature from the start temperature to the first temperature and then increasing the indoor temperature to the second temperature) may be performed.
As described above, the air processing device (400) includes the evaluation device (300). This allows operation of the air processing device (400) to be controlled in consideration of the result obtained by the evaluation device (300) evaluating the body temperature regulating function of the target.
While the first and second embodiments have been described above, it will be understood that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims (e.g., (1) to (10)). The embodiments and the variations thereof may be combined and replaced with each other without deteriorating intended functions of the present disclosure.
(1) In each of the first and second embodiments, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) used to grasp how the heart rate works is used as the autonomic index. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the pulse rate variability index used to grasp how the pulse rate works may be used as the autonomic index. In this case, the first sensor (100) includes a pulse wave sensor.
(2) If the evaluation unit (350) of the evaluation device (300) evaluates that the body temperature regulating function of the target corresponds to the pattern (D) (predetermined pattern), and further determines that a state where the body temperature regulating function of the target corresponds to the pattern (D) has been continued for a predetermined period, the evaluation unit (350) may be configured to control the notification unit (330) (see
(3) In the second embodiment, air conditioning is controlled using the evaluation result of the evaluation device (300). However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the evaluation result of the evaluation device (300) may be used to recommend drinking water.
(4) In each of the first and second embodiments, the first threshold value for sorting the values of the autonomic index (heart rate variability index (LF/HF)) and the second threshold value for sorting the values of the perspiration index (skin conductance change (SC)) are set to respective fixed values (the first threshold value V and the second threshold value W) (see
The first threshold value may be set for each of different temperatures. The temperature in this case specifically indicates the temperature in the space where the target is present. In this case, for example, if the temperature is 36° C., the first threshold value is set to 9 (= LF/HF), and if the temperature is 31° C., the first threshold value is set to 8.5 (= LF/HF). Thus, in consideration of the human physiological phenomenon where the autonomic state varies among different temperatures, the first threshold value can be set for each temperature so as to be adapted to the autonomic state. As a result, the first threshold value can be more accurately set.
An example device configuration for setting the first threshold value for each temperature will be described with reference to
The second threshold value may be set for each of different temperatures. The temperature in this case specifically indicates the temperature in the space where the target is present. In this case, for example, if the temperature is 36° C., the second threshold value is set to 2 (= SC), and if the temperature is 31° C., the second threshold value is set to 1.5 (= SC). Thus, in consideration of the human physiological phenomenon where the amount of perspiration varies among different temperatures, the second threshold value can be set for each temperature so as to be adapted to the amount of perspiration. As a result, the second threshold value can be more accurately set.
An example device configuration for setting the second threshold value for each temperature will be described with reference to
As described above, the first threshold value set for the autonomic index and/or the second threshold value set for the perspiration index are/is set for each of different temperatures. As a result, the body temperature regulating function of the target can be more accurately evaluated.
(5) The first and second threshold values may be set based on the environment index representing the environment where the target is situated immediately before the target is measured by the first and second sensors (100) and (200) (immediately before the body temperature regulating function is evaluated). The environment index indicates an index that affects the human cold/hot sensation, and indicates, for example, temperature, humidity, and/or wind velocity.
An example device configuration for setting the first and second threshold values based on the environment index will be described with reference to
In this embodiment, the temperature (the temperature in the environment where the target is situated immediately before the body temperature regulating function is evaluated) serving as a first example of the environment index, the first threshold value, and the second threshold value are associated with one another in the environment-associated information (J).
In this embodiment, in the environment-associated information (J), as the temperature serving as the first example of the environment index increases, each of the first and second threshold values increases.
As illustrated in
(6) The first and second threshold values may be set in consideration of the characteristics of the target about the air temperature. A procedure for setting the first and second threshold values will be hereinafter described.
The heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the skin conductance change (SC) of the target are acquired while the temperature at the location where the target is present is room temperature and the target is at rest. The heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the skin conductance change (SC) acquired in such a state (the state where the air temperature is room temperature and the target is at rest) reflect the characteristicss of the target about the air temperature. Then, the first and second threshold values are set based on the acquired heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and skin conductance change (SC). For example, a value that is α times as great as the acquired heart rate variability index (LF/HF) is set for the first threshold value, and a value that is β times as great as the acquired skin conductance change (SC) is set for the second threshold value. The values α and β are positive real numbers. The values α and β are fixed values. The value α is, for example, 1.2 (α = 1.2), and the value β is, for example, 3 (β = 3).
(7) The target or any other person may input the first and second threshold values to the evaluation device (300) to set the first and second threshold values. As illustrated in
(8) A variation of the second process (see step S60) shown in
If, in step S30, the evaluation unit (350) (see
For example, if the indoor temperature is room temperature (e.g., 26° C.), and the target is concentrating on his/her work without feeling particular stress from the indoor temperature (i.e., in a state where the amount of his/her perspiration is small), the autonomic index (heart rate variability index (LF/HF)) may increase in a state where the perspiration index (skin conductance change (SC)) is small. In this case, if the body temperature regulating function of the target is evaluated to correspond to the pattern (D), and the air processing device (400) performs the second process, wind at the second temperature (cold temperature) is sent into the room (see
To address this problem, as described above, if the body temperature regulating function of the target is evaluated to correspond to the pattern (D), and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (411) is higher than or equal to the predetermined uncomfortable temperature, the second process is performed. This configuration can prevent the second process from being performed if, while the indoor temperature is room temperature (lower than the predetermined uncomfortable temperature), the target is concentrating on his/her work (if, while the autonomic index is great, the target does not feel particular stress from the indoor temperature).
As described above, if the evaluation unit (350) (see
(9) In each of the first and second embodiments, the single first threshold value V (see
(10) The evaluation device (300) may further include a configuration of an evaluation device (300A) to be described later (a configuration for evaluating the exercise performance of the target).
A system (10A) for evaluating exercise performance according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
The sensor (100A) is worn by a target to acquire an index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function indicating the degree of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function of the target. The body temperature regulating function indicates the function of maintaining the body temperature through heat dissipation (e.g., perspiration) or thermogenesis (e.g., body shivering) as appropriate to address heat stress. The heat stress indicates the load (e.g., warm and cold stimuli that hinder maintenance of the body temperature) that a human receives from the thermal environment. The degree of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function is defined by the degree of decrease in the frequency at which an action for thermoregulation, such as an action of perspiration, an action of body shivering, or an action of dilating or constricting the blood vessels, is performed in response to an instruction related to the thermoregulation function from the center to the terminals of the autonomic nerve.
In the third embodiment, the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function indicating the degree of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function of the target includes the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the skin conductance change (SC).
The sensor (100A) includes a first sensor (110A) and a second sensor (120A).
The first sensor (110A) has a function that is the same as, or similar to, that of the first sensor (100) (see
The second sensor (120A) has a function that is the same as, or similar to, that of the second sensor (200) (see
The evaluation device (300A) includes, for example, a terminal, such as a smartphone or a personal computer (PC). The evaluation device (300A) evaluates the exercise performance of the target using the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function of the target to output an exercise performance index indicating the exercise performance of the target.
The evaluation device (300) includes an acquisition unit (310A), an input unit (320A), a notification unit (330A), a storage (340A), and an evaluation unit (350A).
The acquisition unit (310A) includes a device for communicating with the sensor (100A). The acquisition unit (310A) is communicably connected to the sensor (100A) in a wired or wireless manner. The acquisition unit (310A) includes, for example, at least one of a device for performing wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth (registered trademark) or wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) (registered trademark)) (such as a wireless LAN module) or a device for performing wired communication (such as a communication port connected to a communication cable).
In the third embodiment, the acquisition unit (310A) includes a first acquisition unit (311A) and a second acquisition unit (312A).
The first acquisition unit (311A) has a function that is the same as, or similar to, that of the first acquisition unit (310) (see
The second acquisition unit (312A) has a function that is the same as, or similar to, that of the second acquisition unit (320) (see
The input unit (320A) accepts an external instruction to the evaluation device (300A). The input unit (320A) includes, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel.
The notification unit (330A) makes notification of predetermined information. The notification unit (330A) includes, for example, a speaker that emits notification sounds, a display that displays predetermined information, and/or a communication device that transmits predetermined information to an external terminal (such as a smartphone). The predetermined information will be described later.
The storage (340A) includes a main memory, such as a flash memory, a ROM, or a RAM, and may further include an auxiliary memory, a SD memory card, or a USB. The storage (340A) stores various computer programs executed by processors of the evaluation unit (350A) and the acquisition unit (310A).
The storage (340A) stores association information (Y). The association information (Y) will be described later.
The evaluation unit (350A) includes the processor, such as a CPU or a MPU. The evaluation unit (350A) executes a computer program stored in the storage (340A) so as to control elements of the evaluation device (300A).
As shown in
Based on the test result shown in
In the third embodiment, the inventors of this application have hypothesized that the exercise performance can be evaluated based on the patterns (A) to (D) of the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function indicating the degree of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function in the classification information (Z) (see
As shown in
If the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function corresponds to the pattern (B), the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is low such that energy is still left over. Thus, in general, a mild exercise, such as a warm-up exercise, is estimated to allow the target to have a body temperature that is suitable for excercise. In this case, the target still has energy left over, and has a body temperature that is suitable for exercise. Thus, his/her exercise performance is expected to be the best.
If the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function corresponds to the pattern (C), the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is moderate such that a small amount of energy is left over. Thus, an estimation is made that continuing exercise will allow the target to have his/her body temperature increased to the body temperature that is suitable for exercise, and will increase the load imposed on the central nervous system that is responsible for thermoregulation to address the increase in body temperature and the terminal function that acts on an actual heat dissipation phenomenon. In this case, the target has a body temperature that is suitable for exercise, but does not have energy left over for the thermoregulation function. Thus, his/her exercise performance is expected to be lower than if the index of fatigue corresponds to the pattern (A).
If the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function corresponds to the pattern (D), the load imposed on the thermoregulation is high, and the fatigue of the thermoregulation function is high such that the body temperature is hardly maintained. Thus, an estimation is made that the thermoregulation function will be exhausted to reduce the amount of perspiration, and that continuing exercise will prevent an increase in the body temperature from being adequately reduced. In this case, degrading the exercise performance may reduce an increase in the body temperature. Thus, the exercise performance is expected to be lower than if the index of fatigue corresponds to the pattern (C).
Based on the above-described hypothesis, the inventors of this application have modeled the relation between the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function and the exercise performance. Specifically, if the degree of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function is proper, such as if it corresponds to the pattern (B), the exercise performance is estimated to be high.
The association information (Y) will be described with reference to
As shown in
In the third embodiment, the index of exercise performance is represented by a numerical value of 1 to 10. The exercise performance is defined to increase as the numerical value representing the index of exercise performance increases.
As shown in
The information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise and the information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise indicate association between the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation and the exercise performance.
In the third embodiment, the first threshold value V (see
In the third embodiment, the second threshold value W (see
The numerical values described in the information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise and the information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise each indicate the associated index of the exercise performance observed if the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function corresponds to any one of the patterns (A), (B), (C), and (D) (see
In the third embodiment, the first association information (Y1) includes a plurality of types of information (Y1-1, Y1-2) set according to the types of exercise. The information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise is intended for short-distance running, and is associated with the exercise performance for short-distance running. The information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise is used to output the exercise performance for short-distance running. The information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise is intended for long-distance running, and is associated with long-distance running. The information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise is used to output the exercise performance for long-distance running.
The plurality of types of association information are set by previously measuring the relation between the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function and the exercise performance or the work performance. In each of the plurality of types of association information (the information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise and the information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise), the magnitude of the index of the exercise performance associated with the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function is set so as to be adapted to the type of the intended exercise. For example, short-distance running requires higher explosive power than long-distance running. Thus, the muscle temperature needs to be high to increase the muscle contractile force. Thus, the index of the exercise performance in each of the information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise and the information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise is set so that the degree of fatigue of the thermoregulation function observed when the index of the exercise performance reaches its peak value “10” is higher for short-distance running than for long-distance running. In the third embodiment, in the case of short-distance running, when the degree of fatigue of the thermoregulation function corresponds to the sub-pattern (B2), the index of the exercise performance is set to reach its peak value “10” as indicated by the information (Y1-1) associated with the first type of exercise. In the case of long-distance running, when the degree of fatigue of the thermoregulation function corresponds to the sub-pattern (B1), the index of the exercise performance is set to reach its peak value “10” as indicated by the information (Y1-2) associated with the second type of exercise.
An example of processing of the evaluation unit (350A) will be described with reference to
As shown in
In step S120, the evaluation unit (350A) selects information associated with the exercise input from the input unit (320A) from among the plurality of types of information (the information (Y1-1) and the information (Y1-2)). For example, if information indicating short-distance running is input from the input unit (320A) in step S110, then the evaluation unit (350A) selects the second association information (Y1-1) associated with short-distance running in step S120.
In step S130, the processor of the acquisition unit (310A) determines the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function of the target using the various types of information acquired by the first and second acquisition units (311A) and (312A). As a result, the acquisition unit (310A) acquires the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function of the target. In the third embodiment, any one of the patterns (A1) to (D2) (see
In step S140, the evaluation unit (350A) evaluates the exercise performance of the target by using the information selected in step S120 and the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function of the target acquired in step S130 (derived from the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) and the skin conductance change (SC)).
For example, if the information selected in step S120 is the information (Y1-2), and the index of fatigue of the body temperature regulating function of the target acquired in step S130 falls under the pattern (B2), the value “9” associated with the pattern (B2) in the information (Y1-2) is determined to be the index of the exercise performance of the target, thereby evaluating the exercise performance of the target.
In step S150, the evaluation unit (350A) makes the notification unit (330A) output information indicating that the index of the exercise performance of the target determined in step S140 is 9. As a result, the target can check the index of his/her own exercise performance.
When the process shown in step S150 ends, the process ends.
As described above with reference to
In addition, a plurality of types of the association information (Y1) are set according to the types of exercise. This allows the exercise performance of the target to be effectively evaluated so as to be adapted to the exercise to be performed by the target.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As shown in
The second association information (Y2) indicates association of different indexes of exercise performance with different indexes of fatigue of the thermoregulation function. In the second association information (Y2), the degree of fatigue of the thermoregulation function is represented by A to D.
A first example of a procedure for determining the indexes (A) to (D) of fatigue of the thermoregulation function in the second association information (Y2) will be described. The index of risk of a minor incident, which is an example of the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function, is represented by a numerical value of one to ten, and indicates that the higher the numerical value is, the higher the risk of occurrence of a minor incident during a physical task is.
In the first example, a sensor (100A) is configured as a temperature sensor. The index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function is determined by a processor provided for an acquisition unit (310A), based on the pheripheral skin temperature and deep-body temperature of the target acquired from the temperature sensor by the acquisition unit (310A). As a result, the acquisition unit (310A) acquires the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function.
In this case, for example, if the peripheral skin temperature is lower than 34° C., and the deep-body temperature is lower than 37.5° C., the index of fatigue corresponds to the pattern (B), and the index of risk of a minor incident during a physical task is determined to be four. If the peripheral skin temperature is higher than or equal to 34° C. and lower than 35° C., and the deep-body temperature is lower than 37.5° C., the index of fatigue corresponds to the pattern (B), and the index of risk of a minor incident during a physical task is determined to be two. If the peripheral skin temperature is higher than or equal to 35° C., and the deep-body temperature is lower than 37.5° C., the index of fatigue corresponds to the pattern (C), and the index of risk of a minor incident during a physical task is determined to be six. If the peripheral skin temperature is higher than or equal to 35° C., and the deep-body temperature is higher than or equal to 37.5° C., the index of fatigue corresponds to the pattern (D), and the index of risk of a minor incident during a physical task is determined to be ten.
A second example of the procedure for determining the indexes (A) to (D) of fatigue in the second association information (Y2) will be described.
In the second example, a sensor (100A) includes a temperature sensor and a timer. The temperature sensor detects the air temperature in the environment where the target is situated immediately before the evaluation unit (350A) evaluates the exercise performance of the target (environment temperature). The timer measures the time (stay time) during which the target is situated in the environment. The acquisition unit (310A) acquires information indicating the environment temperature detected by the temperature sensor and information indicating the stay time measured by the timer. Then, the processor provided for the acquisition unit (310A) determines the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function, based on the environment temperature and the stay time.
In this case, for example, if the environment temperature is a predetermined comfortable temperature (the temperature at which a human generally feels comfortable), the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function is determined to be smaller (e.g., any one of (A) to (C)). If the environment temperature is a temperature deviating from the predetermined comfortable temperature (the temperature at which a human generally feels too cold or too hot), the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function is determined to increase with increasing stay time.
If the association information (Y) is configured as the second association information (Y2), the evaluation unit (350A) outputs the risk of a minor incident during a physical task associated with the index of fatigue of the thermoregulation function in the second association information (Y2) as the result of evaluating the risk of a minor incident during a physical task of the target.
In the fourth embodiment, a plurality of types of first association information (Y1) are not set according to the types of exercise unlike the third embodiment, and the association information (Y) is configured as one type of second association information (Y2) that does not specify the type of exercise. In this case, when, in the flowchart shown in
In the third embodiment, the first association information (Y1) is configured as two types of information such as information (Y1-1) for short-distance running and information (Y1-2) for long-distance running, but may be configured as one type of information that does not specify the type of exercise or work just like the second association information (Y2) of the fourth embodiment.
As described above with reference to
An evaluation system (20A) according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
An air processing device (400A) includes an evaluation device (300A) unlike the air processing device (400) of the second embodiment (see
In the fifth embodiment, the evaluation device (300A) is an electronic component incorporated into or externally attached to a housing of an indoor unit (410). However, the present invention is not limited to this. The evaluation device (300A) may be incorporated into a bracelet device including a first sensor and a second sensor, and may output the evaluation result to a communication unit incorporated into the indoor unit to make a control unit acquire the evaluation result.
An example of an operation of the air processing device (400A) will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
As described above with reference to
While the third to fifth embodiments have been described above, it will be understood that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims (e.g., (11) to (12)). The embodiments and the variations thereof may be combined and replaced with each other without deteriorating intended functions of the present disclosure.
(11) In each of the third to fifth embodiments, the heart rate variability index (LF/HF) used to grasp how the heart rate works is used as the autonomic index. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the pulse rate variability index used to grasp how the pulse rate works may be used as the autonomic index. In this case, the first sensor (110A) includes a pulse wave sensor.
(12) If, in step S150 shown in
An example of an action of the notification unit (330A) will now be described.
The acquisition unit (310A) successively acquiring the indexes of fatigue of the thermoregulation function of the target allows the evaluation unit (350A) to successively output the indexes of exercise performance of the target. If, in this state, the index of exercise performance of the target is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the notification unit (330A) makes notification of predetermined information related to an action of the target. The predetermined value indicates, for example, a somewhat great index of exercise performance (e.g., nine or more) that allows effective exercise. The predetermined information indicates, for example, that a situation where the index of exercise performance of the target is greater than or equal to the predetermined value shows that the target has performed an adequate warm-up and that it is time to stop the warm-up. As a result, the target checking the predetermined information of which notification is made by the notification unit (330A) can recognize the time to stop his/her own warm-up. The target recognizing the time to stop his/her own warm-up can exercise with his/her own exercise performance enhanced. Furthermore, if the degree of fatigue of the thermoregulation function deteriorates, and a decrease in exercise performance is detected, recommending a break or rehydration can prevent the target from exercising with his/her performance decreased. Applying such a technique not only to the exercise performance during an athletic competition but also to the work efficiency of a physical task, such as road construction, can improve the operator’s work efficiency.
As can be seen from the foregoing description, the present disclosure is useful for a device for evaluating a body temperature regulating function, an air processing device, and a method for evaluating a body temperature regulating function.
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| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-184686 | Nov 2020 | JP | national |
| 2020-184687 | Nov 2020 | JP | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2021/040656 | Nov 2021 | WO |
| Child | 18311776 | US |
