Patent Application
20220412849
This invention refers to a fragmentation device and the operating method therefor for the processing of a biological material, in particular soft tissues such as adipose tissues.
Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells capable of reproducing, through mitotic cell division, and differentiating into a wide range of specialised cell types.
Since these cells are abundant in the SVF (stromal vascular fraction) of adipose tissue, they are ideal as a cellular source in the field of regenerative medicine. ADSCs can be obtained from fat deposits and harvested from adipose tissue through a simple, minimally invasive harvesting procedure performed by a surgeon under general or local anaesthetic.
Recent investigations suggest that ADSCs and the stromal vascular fraction (SVF, which consists of a connective stroma whose function is to support adipocytes and blood vessels) are easily isolated from human adipose tissue through enzymatic digestion.
To obtain the ADSC and SVF, enzymatic digestion is used, which allows a large number of cells to be isolated rapidly. European legislation classifies enzymatic digestion as major manipulation and therefore it is subject to strict regulations, which greatly restrict the possibilities for clinical use. Another commonly known method consists of the isolation of tissue micro-grafts via technology involving centrifugation within a container. A grid featured in the device is used to select tissue fragments with a statistically significant portion of progenitor cells.
Other commonly known techniques may involve filtration and/or sedimentation, which may be carried out in a laboratory or during the operation comprising the removal and/or replanting of tissue.
The object of the invention is to develop a device and method for processing tissue fractions from biological material taken as a compact sample. The fabric of origin may be adipose tissue, or another soft biological tissue, which must be transformed into a homogeneous fluid or semi-fluid phase intended for laboratory use or for clinical application, for example, in a “one-step” operation (comprising both sample collection and reimplantation).
The invention is performed within a sealed sterile or sterilisable system to ensure the material is mechanically manipulated in aseptic conditions before being used in the laboratory or administered. In the case of adipose tissue, the product obtained from fragmentation has a higher concentration of stromal cells than the adipose tissue removed, as the latter has been homogenised and the connective fraction thereof removed.
To achieve the said object, the device comprises an insulated enclosure defined by two internal chambers interconnected by a drawing partition; in each of the said sections, a pusher piston and a cutter are configured to rotate and create micro-fragmentations of the material to be processed in conjunction with the thrust action of the relative pusher piston.
Essentially, the processing method involves loading the material to be processed into one of the two chambers or sections, activating the rotary cutter and moving the relative piston so as to transfer the material to be processed into the other section, through the said drawing partition. Subsequently, the operation of the thrust elements is reversed and the biological material is pushed through the drawing partition again, one or more times, after which it is extracted and put to its specific laboratory or clinical uses.
Another object is to provide the device with a hydraulic connection which allows the extraction or dispensing of the processed material into a syringe connected directly to the device. The syringe is filled by activating the piston for the chamber in which the hydraulic extraction connection is present.
According to one aspect of the invention, the connection is sealed with a small cap during the loading and processing phases and, at the end of the processing, the cap is removed and the sterile syringe which will house the processed material is connected in its place.
The movement of the pistons is axial and alternating, i.e. a translation movement, while the cutter movement is a flat rotation.
In accordance with one embodiment, the said cutter rotation and simultaneous advancement of the piston are achieved by means of an independent screw mechanism for each section of the device.
It is also the spirit of the invention to provide an anti-rotation device for the pistons which limits the piston to simply axial translation; in accordance with one embodiment, the said anti-rotation device is made with a runner in each of the cylinders along which pins which are integral with the pistons run. Advantageously, the pins which run in the runners also act as visual position indicators which show the piston stroke.
It is also the spirit of the invention to include a retaining device which allows the entire drawing and cutting unit to be kept assembled within a chamber or section during all the preliminary use stages, while the remaining chamber or section remains open in order to load the material to be to processed. The retaining device may be, for example, a threaded cap which features an opening to allow the gas or steam sterilisation of the processing chamber within which the drawing and cutting unit is assembled. If radiation sterilisation is used, the fact that the retaining device has openings is insignificant.
The parts of the device in contact with the biological material are made of biocompatible material.
The spirit of the invention is also to provide a device in which the components are made entirely or partly of metal or entirely or partly of plastic and which is intended to be either reusable, after washing and sterilisation, or supplied as a sterile single-use device.
Another object of the invention is to make the device operable manually through the inclusion of control knobs.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device which is operable through coupling to one or more motorised devices. Preferably, the said one or more motorised devices are coupled, directly or indirectly, to the threaded shaft which drives each pusher piston and relative rotary cutter.
Another object of the invention is to provide the motorised device with displacement sensors and electrical and mechanical safety devices capable of carrying out the operating steps for the processing of the material automatically and in a controlled manner.
According to a further object, the device is provided with one or more hydraulic connections which can be connected to an external line for a flow connection and to allow the material contained therein to be washed with a flow of saline solution, or other appropriate liquid, and in which one of the purposes of this washing step is the removal of the oily phase of the preparation and of any blood residues. Advantageously, the said one or more fluid connections are similar to that used for the extraction of the processed material.
A further object envisages that the position pins and the fluid extraction connection are aligned so that, during the extraction step, the operator can monitor the collection syringe and the position of the pistons within the processing chambers.
This and further characteristics of the invention will be better highlighted in the following description of some embodiments thereof, illustrated, in the form of a non-limiting example, with the help of accompanying drawings, in which:
Although the present invention is described below with reference to the embodiment thereof shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited solely to the embodiment described below and shown in the annexed drawings. On the contrary, the embodiment described and shown helps clarify certain characteristics of the present invention, whose purpose is defined by the claims.
With reference to the figures, a device as a whole for fragmenting a biological material in a sealed aseptic environment is denoted 1.
According to a preferred aspect of the invention, the biological material to be processed is a fragment of compact tissue, such as for example adipose tissue, from which the intention is to obtain a homogeneous fluid or semifluid mass which can be transferred into a syringe.
Essentially, the device 1 consists of two interconnected cylinders 2 and 3, sealed at the ends with caps 4 and 5, and having at least one drawing partition 6 which is held in position between the coupled cylinders, essentially in the middle of the device 1. The partition 6 is essentially a bored disk.
This way, the internal location of the drawing partition 6 defines two almost identical chambers or sections 7 and 8 interconnected by the said partition.
Each chamber or section 7, 8 houses a thrust element, such as a piston 9, 10 which is free to slide axially along the axis AA of the device 1.
The pusher pistons 9, 10 have a circular form corresponding to that of the cylinders 2 and 3 and slide within the device, guided by the relative internal walls 2A and 3A.
Each chamber or section 7, 8 also houses a rotary cutter 11, 12, preferably with multiple blades, which carries out the micro-fragmentation of the introduced material, in operational configuration. Each cutter is positioned with its cutting blade close to the partition 6 and cuts the material so that it can be extruded through the holes in the disc 6.
This way, the device is configured as a closed chamber, which is initially sterilised together with its internal parts and which allows the contents to be processed aseptically, preventing any possible external contamination, in particular that of a microbiological nature.
According to one aspect of the invention, the device 1 is made entirely or partly of re-sterilisable steel, or entirely or partly of plastic, and is intended to be either reusable, after washing and sterilisation, or supplied as a sterile single-use device.
With reference to the figures, it can be seen that the two cylinders 2 and 3 may be sealed together by means of a threaded coupling and commonly known gaskets. Preferably, the material may be loaded into one of the chambers before the coupling of the cylinders 2 and 3, carrying out the procedure within a sterile environment, such as the operating field in which the tissue harvesting is carried out; the material is dispensed, meanwhile, through a threaded outlet hole 17 provided in one of the sections and a quick connector 17A, for example a female Luer Lock (LL) connector which is standardised for the connection of syringes (which are normally equipped with a male LL connector).
The connector 17A is normally sealed during the loading and processing phases, for example by a small sealing cap which is not shown; subsequently, the cap is removed for the extraction step and a sterile syringe is connected in its place, which receives the processed product. The extraction of the processed biological material and the simultaneous filing of the syringe takes place, once the piston 9 has been positioned at the stroke limit thereof, near the cutter 11 (as shown in
In one embodiment, the (translation) movement of the pistons and that of the cutters (rotation) is carried out by means of a screw mechanism 20, which is independent for the two chambers or sections.
According to one aspect of the invention there is a system to prevent rotation of the pistons, comprising a runner 13 in the cylinders 2 and 3 and pins 14 which are integral with the pistons. However, this embodiment in no way limits the way in which the required prevention action is provided, which may therefore also be provided in other ways.
Advantageously, the pins 14 in the runners also act as indicators of the stroke position of the pistons 9 and 10, to facilitate the operator.
The device 1 also comprises at least one threaded cap which allows the entire drawing and cutting unit to be kept assembled within a chamber or section, while the remaining chamber or section remains open in order to load the material to be to processed. The threaded cap features an opening to allow the gas or steam sterilisation of the processing chamber 7 and 8 within which the drawing and cutting unit is assembled. If radiation sterilisation is used, the fact that the cap has openings is insignificant.
With reference to the figures, it can be seen that the device is operable manually using at least one control knob 16.
In accordance with an embodiment not shown, the device 1 can cooperate with a motorised device (for example an electric or pneumatic device) by, for example, directly coupling the threaded shafts to appropriate mutually opposite power take-offs; advantageously, this device can be equipped with displacement sensors and appropriate electric and mechanical safety devices which carry out all the actions required of the operator in a controlled manner.
Again, and also in accordance with an embodiment not shown, one variant could envisage the presence of further fluid connections, for example, similar to those used for the extraction of the processed material, which will be connected to external lines used for washing the contents of the chambers 7 and 8 with a flow of saline solution, or other appropriate liquid, either preliminarily to, during, or following the processing. One of the purposes of this washing is to remove the blood and oily residues from the preparation, which originated during the sampling or processing steps (cell lysis).
The present invention has been described with reference to the specific embodiment shown in the illustrations; it should be noted, however, that this invention is not limited to said specific embodiment presented and described in the present document. On the contrary, further variants of the described embodiment also form part of the scope of the present invention, as detailed in the pertinent claims.
In particular, as regards the actuation of the pusher pistons, this system can be realised with different systems with respect to the screw one indicated here.
According to one aspect of the invention which is not shown, the position pins 14 may be advantageously aligned with the outlet hole 17, to facilitate the operator during the extraction step.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102019000022350 | Dec 2019 | IT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/000208 | 12/3/2020 | WO |
