Patent Application
20250230613
The invention relates to a device for transferring an infrastructure component pre-positioned on a ground, particularly a track support slab, into a target arrangement. The invention also relates to a combination comprising at least one such device. The invention also relates to a system comprising at least one such device. The invention also relates to a method for transferring an infrastructure component, particularly a track support slab, into a target arrangement.
A device for transferring an infrastructure component pre-positioned on a ground, particularly a track support slab, into a target arrangement, comprising a first actuating means for absorbing a first drive movement for transferring the infrastructure component along a horizontal direction and a second actuating means for absorbing a second drive movement for transferring the infrastructure component in a vertical direction, is known from obvious prior use. To effect the two linearly independent transferring movements, the first actuating means and the second actuating means are arranged separately from each other on the infrastructure component. Driving the two actuating means is time consuming and transferring the infrastructure component into the target arrangement is correspondingly complex.
It is an object of the invention to create an improved device for transferring an infrastructure component pre-positioned on a ground, particularly a track support slab, into a target arrangement, which is particularly easy and time-efficient to handle and economical in operation.
This object is achieved by way of a device with the features of claim 1. It has been recognized that a device for transferring an infrastructure component, particularly a track support slab supported in a pre-positioned manner on a ground, into a target arrangement with a ground contact means for support on the ground and an actuating device for absorbing a first rotary movement about a first axis of rotation can have a transmission device for converting the first rotary movement into a first transferring movement of the ground contact means relative to the infrastructure component with a translatory movement component orientated perpendicular to the first axis of rotation, making the device particularly simple and time-efficient to handle and economical in operation.
Since the transmission device is designed to convert the first rotary movement, particularly a first drive movement, about the first axis of rotation into a transferring movement with a translatory movement component perpendicular to the first axis of rotation, the transferring movement required to transfer the infrastructure component can be generated particularly flexibly by a drive movement, for example by a rotary movement about a vertically orientated axis of rotation. By means of the transmission device, the drive movement can be converted into a transferring movement of the ground contact means relative to the infrastructure component with a horizontally orientated, translatory movement component. In other words, the infrastructure component can be transferred on the ground by rotatably driving the actuating means about a vertical axis of rotation in the horizontal direction. The drive movement in the form of the rotary movement about the first axis of rotation, particularly about the vertical axis of rotation, can be provided in a simple manner. Particularly, the actuating device can be fastened to the infrastructure component in a particularly flexible and therefore easily accessible arrangement.
The infrastructure component preferably comprises a slab-shaped base body, particularly made of concrete. Preferably, the infrastructure component has a prefabricated concrete element, particularly a prefabricated concrete slab. The infrastructure component can be designed as part of a travel way, particularly a road and/or a track, particularly for transferring the weight force of vehicles to the ground.
The device is preferably designed to transfer the infrastructure component from an initial arrangement into the target arrangement. In the initial arrangement, the infrastructure component is supported on the ground in a pre-positioned manner, particularly via the ground contact means. The ground contact means is designed to transfer the weight of the infrastructure component to the ground, particularly in the initial arrangement, in the target arrangement, and when transferring it relative to the ground.
The arrangement of a body, particularly the infrastructure component, is understood to mean its position and orientation. The infrastructure component is preferably transferred into the initial arrangement by means of a transport device, particularly by means of a crane and/or a transport vehicle. Preferably, a deviation between the target arrangement and the initial arrangement is in a range from 0 mm to 200 mm, particularly from 1 mm to 150 mm, particularly from 3 mm to 100 mm, particularly from 5 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 10 mm to 30 mm, and/or in a range from 0° to 30°, particularly from 1° to 10°, particularly from 2° to 7°, particularly from 3° to 5°. A corresponding deviation of the position and/or alignment of the infrastructure component in the initial arrangement relative to the target arrangement may be along a single or each spatial direction and/or about a single and/or about each spatial direction of a Cartesian coordinate system.
In general, all specified alignments, particularly relative alignments parallel and/or perpendicular to a reference object, also include deviations of a maximum of ±15°, particularly a maximum of ±10°, particularly a maximum of ±5°, particularly a maximum of ±2°, particularly a maximum of ±1°.
Preferably, the device is designed for transferring the ground contact means relative to the connecting means perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and/or the infrastructure component in the horizontal direction over a distance in a range from 5 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 7 mm to 40 mm, particularly from 10 mm to 30 mm, particularly from 12 mm to 30 mm, particularly from 15 mm to 25 mm, particularly from 17 mm to 20 mm. The device, particularly the transmission device, is preferably designed to convert the first rotary movement about the first axis of rotation into a transferring movement of the ground contact means orientated perpendicular to the first axis of rotation.
The ground contact means is designed to transfer the weight force of the infrastructure component to the ground. The device transmits the weight of the infrastructure component, at least in part, to the ground via the ground contact means. Particularly, a plurality of the devices transmit the weight of the infrastructure component completely to the ground via their ground contact means. In other words, the infrastructure component rests on the ground via the respective ground contact means. Particularly, the device is designed to transfer the infrastructure component relative to the ground by transferring the ground contact means relative to the infrastructure component, particularly relative to the connecting means for fastening the device to the infrastructure component.
The actuating device is designed to absorb a drive movement in the form of the first rotary movement. The actuating device can alternatively be designed to absorb another form of drive power, particularly by absorbing a translatory movement, particularly a linear movement and/or of fluidic power, particularly hydraulic or pneumatic power. The transmission device can be designed accordingly to convert the respective drive power into the transferring movement with the translatory movement component, particularly in the horizontal direction.
The ground is understood to mean a base, particularly a solid base and/or a foundation, particularly a solid foundation. The foundation preferably comprises cured concrete.
The ground contact means preferably comprises, and particularly consists of, a ground contact spike. The ground contact spike is also referred to below as the contact spike. The ground contact means can be designed to be rotationally symmetrical about an axis of symmetry that is particularly arranged parallel and/or at an angle to the first axis of rotation. For example, the ground contact means can be designed to be cylindrical and/or conical and/or spherical in shape. Preferably, the ground contact means is designed such that the position of the ground contact means is securely fixed to the ground and/or that the alignment of the ground contact means to the ground is variable, particularly such that no torque transmission, particularly about a vertical axis, can occur between the ground contact means and the ground as far as possible.
According to one aspect of the invention, the ground contact means, particularly the ground contact spike, is designed to be cylindrical and/or conical and/or spherical in shape, at least in sections. Preferably, the ground contact means, particularly the ground contact spike, has a cylindrical section with a conical and/or spherical segment-shaped section arranged on its front side. Preferably, the ground contact means is designed so that the conical and/or spherical segment-shaped section of the ground contact means, particularly the ground contact spike, is in contact with the ground.
Preferably, the ground contact means, particularly the ground contact spike, is mounted to rotate relative to the transmission device and/or to the actuating device, particularly about a bearing axis. The bearing axis is preferably orientated parallel to the first axis of rotation and/or arranged at a distance from the first axis of rotation. The ground contact means can have at least one rotary bearing, particularly a plain bearing and/or a rolling bearing, particularly a ball bearing, for mounting the ground contact spike to rotate relative to the transmission device and/or to the actuating device. The at least one rotary bearing can be designed as an axial bearing and/or a radial bearing. A distance between the bearing axis and the first axis of rotation is preferably in a range from 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 2 mm to 25 mm, particularly from 3 mm to 15 mm, particularly from 4 mm to 10 mm. The contact spike projects beyond the transmission device along the first axis of rotation, in the direction of the ground contact means, preferably by a height in a range from 1 mm to 30 mm, particularly from 2 mm to 15 mm, particularly from 3 mm to 10 mm, particularly from 4 mm to 7 mm.
The ground contact means, particularly the ground contact spike, is preferably rotationally symmetrical to the bearing axis. The rotary bearing and/or the rotationally symmetrical design of the ground contact spike ensure that the infrastructure component is transferred relative to the ground in a particularly smooth and low-friction manner.
The ground contact means is preferably designed in such a way that the infrastructure component maintains its precise arrangement when it is cast with the ground, particularly with a filler, particularly with pourable concrete.
Preferably, the actuating device comprises a first actuating means for absorbing the first rotary movement about the first axis of rotation. The transmission device can have a first transmission means for converting the first rotary movement into the first transferring movement of the ground contact means relative to the infrastructure component with the translatory movement component orientated perpendicular to the first axis of rotation.
A device according to claim 2 ensures the transferring of the infrastructure component relative to the ground in a particularly flexible and economical manner. Preferably, the transmission device, particularly the first transmission means, is designed to provide the at least two linearly independent movement components, particularly in each case essentially perpendicular to the first axis of rotation. The infrastructure component can preferably be transferred in the horizontal direction by means of the two linearly independent movement components. The linearly independent movement components are preferably translatory movement components. The transmission device can be designed to convert the first rotary movement into the two linearly independent movement components. By means of a single drive movement, this can advantageously ensure transferring of the infrastructure component relative to the ground, particularly of the ground contact means relative to the connecting means, in two linearly independent spatial directions.
A device according to claim 3 is particularly economical to manufacture and robust in operation. A distance between the ground contact means, particularly a geometric centre of gravity of a contact surface between the ground contact means and the ground and/or a tip of the ground contact means and/or the axis of symmetry of the ground contact means, and the first axis of rotation is preferably in a range from 2 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 3 mm to 25 mm, particularly from 4 mm to 20 mm, particularly from 5 mm to 15 mm, particularly from 6 mm to 10 mm. The transmission device, particularly the first transmission means, can have a base body that is connected to the actuating device, particularly the first actuating means, in a torque-transmitting manner. The ground contact means is preferably attached to the base body eccentrically to the first axis of rotation. The first transmission means may comprise a shaft extending between the first actuating means and the base body. Preferably, the first actuating means and/or the shaft and/or the base body and/or the base contact means are formed in one piece, particularly bonded by a substance-to-substance bond. Alternatively, the transmission device, particularly the first transmission means, can have a gearbox, particularly a planetary gearbox, for generating the translatory movement component using the first rotary movement.
A device according to claim 4 enables the transferring of the infrastructure component in an especially flexible manner. The actuating device preferably has a second actuating means to absorb the second rotary movement. The first actuating means and/or second actuating means can be designed so that they are of the same type, particularly identical. This makes the device particularly easy to handle.
The first actuating means and the second actuating means are preferably connected to one another, particularly fixed in position and/or rotatable relative to one another, particularly by means of a frictional connection and/or a positive connection. The entire device is preferably designed as a coherent, particularly assembled and/or integral, component.
A device according to claim 5 ensures the transferring of the infrastructure component in a particularly flexible manner. The transmission device preferably has a second transmission means for converting the second rotary movement into the second transferring movement of the ground contact means relative to the infrastructure component along, particularly parallel to, the second axis of rotation, particularly in the vertical direction. The second transferring movement preferably transfers the infrastructure component in the vertical direction. The transmission device, particularly the second transmission means, preferably has a screw drive, particularly a trapezoidal screw drive and/or a ball screw drive and/or a planetary screw drive, for converting the second rotary movement into the second transferring movement. The transmission device, particularly the second transmission means, is preferably designed to transfer the ground contact means relative to the connecting means, particularly the infrastructure component relative to the ground, in a range from 5 mm to 500 mm, particularly from 10 mm to 300 mm, particularly from 50 mm to 200 mm. Preferably, the device is designed to transfer the infrastructure component vertically and/or about a horizontal axis of rotation by means of the second drive movement. The device can be designed to transfer the infrastructure component in a horizontal direction and/or about the vertical direction by means of the first transferring movement.
A device according to claim 6 is particularly easy and time-efficient to handle and ensures the transferring of the infrastructure component in a particularly economical manner. Preferably, the first actuating means and the second actuating means are designed concentrically to the coaxial axes of rotation. A distance between the first actuating means and the second actuating means is preferably in a range from 0 mm to 100 mm, particularly from 5 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 10 mm to 20 mm. The first actuating means and the second actuating means can overlap one another along the first axis of rotation and/or the second axis of rotation. Preferably, the first actuating means and/or the second actuating means is arranged closer to the ground contact means than the respective other actuating means.
Preferably, the drive profiles of the actuating means are of different sizes, particularly of different across-flats dimensions. The actuating means closer to the ground contact means is preferably larger than the actuating means further away from the ground contact means, particularly in the radial direction to the axis of rotation. The coaxial arrangement of the axes of rotation and/or the small distance between the two actuating means simplify the rotatable driving of the actuating device and the transferring of the infrastructure component.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second transmission means comprises a thrust body for transmitting the second transferring movement to the ground contact means. The thrust body is preferably designed as a hollow shaft. The shaft of the first transmission means can be mounted to rotate in the hollow shaft. The thrust body preferably transmits the second transferring movement to the base body of the first transmission means.
The shaft can be mounted in the hollow shaft by means of a plain bearing and/or a rolling bearing. The thrust body, particularly the hollow shaft, is preferably formed in one piece, particularly with a substance-to-substance bond to the second actuating means. Preferably, the shaft is held in the hollow shaft in a positive engagement, particularly along the first axis of rotation, particularly on both sides. The hollow shaft preferably has an external thread for converting the second rotary movement into the second transferring movement. The external thread of the second transmission means can also form the connecting means for fastening the device to the mating connecting means of the infrastructure component.
According to one aspect of the invention, the first transmission means passes through the second transmission means and/or the second actuating means. Alternatively, the second transmission means can pass through the first transmission means and/or the first actuating means.
A device according to claim 7 is particularly economical to manufacture and robust in operation. The external thread can be designed as a trapezoidal thread. The mating connecting means of the infrastructure component can have an internal thread corresponding to the external thread. Preferably, the mating connecting means is part of a threaded insert, particularly a threaded insert put into the prefabricated concrete slab.
A device according to claim 8 ensures a particularly robust connection with the infrastructure component. Preferably, the device is designed to pass through the infrastructure component, particularly the slab-shaped infrastructure component, in an oblique direction, particularly perpendicularly oriented to its main extension plane, particularly in the thickness direction. The thickness of the infrastructure component is preferably in the range from 0.1 m to 1 m, particularly from 0.2 m to 0.5 m, particularly from 0.3 m to 0.4 m. The length of the external thread of the connecting means is preferably at least as large or larger than the length of the internal thread of the mating connecting means. A ratio between the length of the internal thread of the mating connecting means and the thickness of the slab-shaped infrastructure component is preferably in a range from 0.1 to 1, particularly from 0.2 to 1, particularly from 0.5 to 0.8.
Preferably, the maximum radial dimension of the device in relation to a central longitudinal axis of the connecting means is at most as large as an external diameter of the external thread and/or the internal thread and/or an internal diameter of the external thread and/or a core diameter of the internal thread of the connecting means and/or the mating connecting means. Preferably, the device is designed in such a way that it can be connected to the infrastructure component with the ground contact means in front, passing through the infrastructure component, particularly passing through the internal thread of the mating connecting means.
A device according to claim 9 is particularly economical in operation. Reversible fastening of the device to the infrastructure component is understood to mean that the device can be detached from the infrastructure component in a non-destructive manner, particularly completely and/or without disassembly. This means that the device can be used repeatedly on different infrastructure components to transfer them into the target arrangement.
According to one aspect of the invention, the device is reversibly, in particular non-destructively, in particular completely, removable from the infrastructure component if the infrastructure component is cast with the ground, in particular by means of a cured filler, wherein preferably the ground contact means is coated by the filler at least in sections. The advantage of this is that the device for precisely arranging the infrastructure component in the target arrangement can also be used when casting the infrastructure component with the filler, with the device being able to be reused for arranging further structural components.
A device according to claim 10 is particularly economical in operation. The at least one traction motor is preferably an electric motor. The device can have a drive unit for rotatably driving each of the two actuating means independently. For this purpose, the drive unit can have at least two traction motors. The device can be driven automatically by means of the at least one traction motor; particularly, the infrastructure component can be automatically transferred into the target arrangement. The drive interface for actuation with a spanner can have a hexagonal profile, particularly an internal hexagonal profile or an external hexagonal profile, or a square profile or a star profile, particularly a Torx profile, or a tooth profile, particularly a splined profile, or a feather key profile. Preferably, the at least one traction motor is connected to the drive interface in a torque-transmitting manner. Alternatively, the drive interface can be rotatably driven manually using a spanner.
According to one aspect of the invention, the device comprises a control device, particularly with a processor, particularly a microcontroller, for controlling the at least one traction motor in such a way that the infrastructure component is automatically transferred into the target arrangement. Preferably, the control device is designed to determine a control signal that correlates with a deviation in arrangement between the nominal arrangement and the actual arrangement of the infrastructure component.
A further object of the invention is to create an improved combination of an infrastructure component with at least one device for transferring the infrastructure component into a target arrangement and a measuring device for recording the arrangement of the infrastructure component, which is particularly precise and economical in operation.
This object is achieved by way of a combination with the features of claim 11. The advantages of the combination correspond to the advantages of the device described above. The combination is preferably further formed with at least one of the features described above in connection with the device.
Preferably, the combination comprises at least two, particularly at least three, particularly at least four, particularly at least five, particularly at least ten, particularly at least fifteen, and/or a maximum of 20, particularly a maximum of 10, particularly a maximum of 8, of the devices. Each of the devices can be designed with the drive unit described above. A single control device can be provided to control the drive units.
The measuring device can be designed to record the arrangement, particularly the position and/or the orientation, of at least one infrastructure component, particularly of at least two, particularly at least three, particularly at least five, infrastructure components. The measuring device preferably has at least one measuring unit. The measuring device can have one measuring unit per infrastructure component, which is fastened to the infrastructure component. Alternatively, the measuring device can have a single measuring unit, particularly for non-contact determination of the arrangement of one or a plurality of the infrastructure components. The at least one measuring unit can have a GPS module and/or an acceleration sensor and/or a distance measuring device, particularly a laser distance measuring device, and/or a stereo camera system. Using the stereo camera system, the arrangement of a plurality of the infrastructure components can be recorded simultaneously.
The measuring device preferably has a position determination unit for recording a measuring position of the measuring device, particularly in a global coordinate system, preferably with a laser distance measuring device and/or a GPS module. The position determination unit can be used to determine the arrangement of the infrastructure component in the global coordinate system.
Preferably, the control device is designed to determine a deviation between the actual arrangement, particularly the initial arrangement, and a nominal arrangement, particularly the target arrangement, using the measuring data from the measuring device. The deviation can be output to the user via a user interface, particularly a display. Alternatively, the control device can provide a control signal corresponding to the deviation. The control signal can be transmitted to the drive unit, particularly by cable or wirelessly, particularly by means of a radio interface. The infrastructure component is preferably automatically transferred to the target arrangement using the control signal.
A further object of the invention is to create an improved system with at least one device and/or a combination and an infrastructure component, which is particularly especially robust and economical in operation.
This object is achieved by way of a system with the features of claim 12. The advantages of the system correspond to the advantages of the device described above and/or the combination described above. Preferably, the system is further developed with at least one of the features described above in connection with the device and/or the combination. Particularly, the number of devices can be within the range described above in connection with the combination.
Preferably, the system comprises a mating ground contact means for introducing the force transmitted via the ground contact means, particularly the weight force of the infrastructure component, into the ground in an especially evenly distributed manner, particularly with reduced pressure. Particularly, the mating ground contact means is designed to reduce the surface load acting on the ground. The mating ground contact means preferably has a slab, particularly a metal slab, particularly a steel slab. A minimum dimension of the mating ground contact means parallel to its main extension direction is preferably in a range from 50 mm to 500 mm, particularly from 100 mm to 300 mm, particularly from 150 mm to 250 mm. A minimum dimension of the mating ground contact means perpendicular to its main extension plane is preferably in a range from 2 mm to 30 mm, particularly from 5 mm to 20 mm, particularly from 7 mm to 15 mm.
The mating ground contact means is preferably arranged on the ground before the infrastructure component is pre-positioned on the ground, particularly before it is transferred into the initial arrangement. The mating ground contact means preferably remains on the ground when the infrastructure component is cast with the filler. The mating ground contact means is preferably bedded in with the filler and cannot be removed from the cured filler in a non-destructive manner, particularly not reusable. The mating ground contact means ensures that the device, particularly the ground contact means, particularly the ground contact spike, does not damage the ground.
Particularly, this ensures that the infrastructure component can be transferred particularly reliably into the target position by means of the device. Particularly, the mating ground contact means provides a surface with defined properties on which the device can be operated particularly reliably and safely.
According to one aspect of the invention, the infrastructure component comprises a ground connection device for adjusting the strength and/or the stiffness and/or the damping. The ground connection device can have a separating layer, a damping layer, an elastic layer, particularly a rubber-elastic layer, and/or a means of increasing the surface area of the infrastructure component. For example, an underside of the infrastructure component can have such a layer.
A system according to claim 13 is particularly economical and precise in operation. Transferring a track support slab into a target arrangement is made possible in a particularly time-efficient manner with the at least one device. Preferably, the device can be fully reversibly fastened to the track support slab. Particularly, it is possible to prevent individual parts of the device from being permanently bedded in and lost when the track support slab is cast.
The track support slab preferably has a slab base body and a mating connecting means for connecting to the connecting means of the device. Preferably, the number of mating connecting means of the track support slab corresponds at least to the number of devices. The at least one mating connecting means can be designed as a through hole through the slab base body. Preferably, the at least one mating connecting means comprises a threaded insert with an internal thread for connection to the connecting means.
A system according to claim 14 is particularly flexible to use and robust in operation. Preferably, at least three, particularly at least four, particularly at least five and/or a maximum of ten of the devices are fastened to the infrastructure component. This means that the infrastructure component is always stably supported on the ground. Particularly, high loads on the infrastructure component, particularly due to the weight force, and/or a deformation of the infrastructure component can be prevented as far as possible.
A system according to claim 15 is particularly simple to handle and economical in operation. The first and/or the second axis of rotation are preferably orientated vertically, particularly if the main extension plane of the infrastructure component is orientated horizontally. In an assembled state, in which the at least one connecting means is attached to the at least one mating connecting means, the respective actuating device, particularly all actuating devices, are preferably arranged on an upper side of the infrastructure component. In this case, it is particularly easy to apply the at least one drive movement to the devices, particularly the transferring of the infrastructure component by means of a spanner or automatically by means of the drive unit is considerably facilitated by the arrangement of the actuating device on the upper side of the infrastructure component.
A further object of the invention is to create an improved method for transferring an infrastructure component into a target arrangement which is particularly robust and economical in operation.
This object is achieved by way of a method with the features of claim 16. The advantages of the method correspond to the advantages of the device and/or the combination and/or the system described above. Preferably, the method is further developed with at least one of the features described above in connection with the device and/or the combination and/or the system.
The first rotary movement is preferably provided as a rotary movement about a vertical axis. Preferably, the infrastructure component is transferred relative to the ground in a range from 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 2 mm to 30 mm, particularly from 3 mm to 20 mm, particularly from 4 mm to 10 mm relative to the ground, particularly along a longitudinal rail direction and/or perpendicular to a longitudinal rail direction and/or in the vertical direction. Preferably, the infrastructure component is transferred relative to the ground in the target arrangement until a predefined threshold value of a deviation of the actual arrangement from the nominal arrangement is not met, particularly with regard to a position deviation and/or an alignment deviation.
According to one aspect of the invention, the first rotary movement and/or the second rotary movement is transmitted through the infrastructure component, particularly through a through hole of the infrastructure component, particularly by means of a shaft.
The infrastructure component is preferably a slab-shaped infrastructure component, particularly a track support slab. Preferably, the infrastructure component is a prefabricated concrete slab.
According to one aspect of the invention, a second rotary movement about a second axis of rotation is converted into a second transferring movement of the ground contact means relative to the infrastructure component with a translational movement component orientated parallel to the second axis of rotation. The second axis of rotation is preferably oriented parallel to the first axis of rotation. Particularly, the two axes of rotation are arranged coaxially. The infrastructure component is preferably transferred along the vertical direction by means of the second rotary movement.
Transferring the infrastructure component, particularly in the vertical direction and/or in the horizontal direction, is preferably carried out by means of a plurality, particularly all of the devices at the same time, particularly automatically. The control device can be designed to coordinate the transferring movements of the devices accordingly. Particularly, the measuring system can be used to monitor the stresses on the infrastructure component. The control device can use the determined stresses to output control signals to provide a drive movement to reduce the stress. This can prevent twisting, particularly damage due to overstressing, of the infrastructure component.
According to one aspect of the invention, the infrastructure component is transferred at a plurality of positions along its main extension plane to different positions along the vertical direction. This allows the infrastructure component to be aligned in a horizontal direction.
A method according to claim 17 ensures the transfer of the infrastructure component in a particularly flexible manner. Particularly, the infrastructure component can be transferred especially flexibly, particularly over an especially long distance. The first transmission means is preferably designed as an eccentric drive. The device, particularly the ground contact means, can be designed to be reversibly guided through the infrastructure component through the through hole of the infrastructure component. The eccentric arrangement of the ground contact means is limited by the diameter of the through hole. By lifting and realigning the ground contact means relative to the ground, the infrastructure component can be transferred over any distance perpendicular to the first axis of rotation, particularly in the horizontal direction, particularly independently of the distance of the ground contact means from the first axis of rotation. After realigning the ground contact means, it is preferably lowered again and brought into contact with the ground. Preferably, all of the devices attached to the infrastructure component are lifted one after the other, realigned, and brought back into contact with the ground in the new alignment. While the at least one ground contact means is lifted relative to the ground, the weight of the infrastructure component is preferably transmitted to the ground by the other devices, particularly the ground contact means. Preferably, at least four of the devices, particularly the ground contact means, are used for this purpose.
Preferably, the infrastructure component is transferred in the direction of the target arrangement before the first ground contact means is lifted. After realigning all ground contact means, the infrastructure component is preferably transferred further into the direction of the target arrangement. The total achievable transferring movement of the infrastructure component relative to the ground can thus be greater than the maximum possible movement of the ground contact means relative to the connecting means and/or to the infrastructure component.
A method according to claim 18 is particularly economical. Preferably, a reinforcement is arranged between the ground and the infrastructure component, particularly in the vertical direction. The infrastructure component is preferably pre-positioned on the ground overlapping the reinforcement in the vertical direction. The filler can be placed in a free space between the ground and the infrastructure component. The filler preferably encloses the infrastructure component at least in sections, particularly completely in a horizontal plane. The filler material is preferably concrete or gravel. The concrete is preferably placed in the free space in a pourable way. The infrastructure component, particularly the track support slab, can have pouring openings that pass through the slab base body and through which the concrete can be introduced into the free space under the infrastructure component. The concrete cures to fix the infrastructure component.
A method according to claim 19 is particularly economical to execute. The device, particularly the ground contact means, can preferably be completely removed from the infrastructure component, particularly in a nondestructive manner and/or without disassembly, particularly after the filler has cured. The ground contact means is preferably coated by the hardened filler, particularly in certain areas. The device, particularly the ground contact means, can preferably be removed from the infrastructure component by rotatably driving the second actuating means about the second axis of rotation. The device is moved upwards out of the infrastructure component in the vertical direction by means of the second transmission means, particularly the external thread.
A method according to claim 20 is particularly time-efficient and economical to carry out. The automated transferring of the infrastructure component relative to the ground into the target arrangement is preferably carried out by means of the measuring device and/or the control device and/or the at least one drive unit. Preferably, a plurality of the devices, particularly the first actuating means and/or the second actuating means, are transferred simultaneously by means of the at least one drive unit, particularly by means of a control command from the control device and/or based on measuring data from the measuring device, particularly transferred into the target arrangement. Here, the transferring of the at least one infrastructure component can be carried out in a particularly time-efficient and resource-saving manner.
Further features, details, and advantages of the invention result from the following description of embodiments based on the figures. The following figures show:
With reference to
The infrastructure component 4 preferably has a ground connecting device 9 with a layer of a rubber-elastic material for adjusting the strength, particularly for providing a separating layer, and/or the stiffness and/or the damping of a connection of the infrastructure component 4 to the ground 3. The ground connecting device 9 can be attached at least in sections to an underside of the infrastructure component 4.
The infrastructure components 4 are connected to the ground 3 by means of a filler 10, particularly by means of pourable concrete. A reinforcement 11, in particular a steel reinforcement, lies on the ground 3. In the vertical direction, the infrastructure component 4 overlaps the reinforcement 11 arranged between the ground 3 and the infrastructure component 4. The infrastructure component 4 and the reinforcement 11 are enclosed by a formwork 12 arranged on the ground 3. The respective infrastructure component 4, particularly the plate base body 5, has two recesses 13 for introducing the filler 10 into a free space 14 between the infrastructure component 4 and the ground 3.
The system 1 preferably comprises a measuring device 15 for recording the arrangement of the infrastructure component 4. The measuring device 15 is part of a combination 16, further comprising the devices 2. By means of the combination 16, the at least one infrastructure component 4 can be transferred into the target arrangement with special precision, particularly automatically. The measuring device 15 has a position determination unit 17 for determining the measuring position of the measuring device 15. The position determination unit 17 comprises a laser distance measuring device for recording distances between the measuring device 15 and land survey points 18, particularly to aiming windows 19 of reflector rods 20 arranged at the land survey points 18. The position of the measuring device 15 relative to the land survey points 18, particularly the position of the measuring device 15 in a global coordinate system, can be determined by means of the position determination unit 17.
The measuring device 15 further comprises a stereo camera 21. The stereo camera 21 is fastened to the position determination unit 17, particularly with a known relative arrangement. The stereo camera 21 comprises two digital cameras 22. The stereo camera 21 is designed to record the relative position of markings 23 to the measuring device 15, which are attached to the respective infrastructure component 4. Based on the relative position of the markings 23 to the measuring device 15 and the measuring position of the measuring device 15 in the global coordinate system, the arrangement of the respective infrastructure component can be determined in the global coordinate system.
The system 1 comprises a control unit 24 with a processor 25 for processing information using a corresponding software program, a memory 26 in which the software program and the recorded measuring data are stored, and a user interface 27 for exchanging information with a user. The measuring device 15 and the control device 24 are designed particularly to continuously determine the arrangement of at least one, particularly at least three, infrastructure components 4, particularly at a frequency of at least 0.1 Hz, particularly at least 0.5 Hz, particularly at least 1 Hz, particularly at least 10 Hz, particularly at least 100 Hz.
The control device 24 is preferably designed to compare the actual arrangement of the infrastructure component 4 with a nominal arrangement, particularly to determine an arrangement deviation. The arrangement deviation preferably comprises the deviation of a position and/or orientation of the infrastructure component 4 relative to the nominal arrangement, which is hereinafter also referred to as the target arrangement.
The control device 24 can be designed to indicate the arrangement deviation via the user interface 27, particularly a display, and/or to provide a control signal for automatically transferring the infrastructure component 4 into the target arrangement, particularly for reducing the arrangement deviation. The control device 24 can have a control communication interface 28 for outputting the control signal, particularly by cable or wirelessly. In the embodiment shown in
The respective device 2 has an actuating device 29 for absorbing a drive movement for transferring the infrastructure component 4. The actuating device 29 is designed to be driven manually, particularly by means of a spanner, and/or automatically, particularly by means of a drive unit 30. The drive unit 30 is shown as an example on one of the devices 2 in
The drive unit 30 comprises at least one traction motor, particularly two traction motors, particularly electric motors for providing the drive movement, particularly two independent drive movements. The drive unit 30 can have an energy storage, particularly for providing electrical energy, particularly a battery, for supplying the at least one traction motor with the required drive energy. Preferably, the two drive movements are provided as coaxial rotary movements.
The drive unit 30 comprises a drive communication interface 31 for exchanging control information with the control device 24, particularly for receiving the control signals.
The device is described in greater detail in
The actuating device 29 has a first actuating means 35 and a second actuating means 36. The first actuating means 35 and the second actuating means 36 each form a drive interface with an external hexagonal profile for absorbing a first rotary movement about a first axis of rotation 37 and for absorbing a second rotary movement about a second axis of rotation 38. The first axis of rotation 37 and the second axis of rotation 38 are arranged coaxially to each other.
The ground contact means 32 is designed to transfer the weight force of the system 1 to the ground 3, particularly to support the infrastructure component 4 on the ground 3. The ground contact means 32 has a contact spike 39 for secure connection to the ground 3. The ground contact means 32, particularly the contact spike 39, is arranged eccentrically to the first axis of rotation 37.
The connecting means 33 comprises, particularly consists of, an external thread 48. The external thread 48 can be designed as a metric thread. Preferably, an external diameter DA of the external thread is in a range from 10 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 15 mm to 40 mm, particularly from 20 mm to 30 mm.
The mating connecting means 8 of the infrastructure component 4 comprises, particularly consists of, an internal thread 50. The mating connecting means 8 is preferably designed to form a threaded connection with the connecting means 33. The dimensions of the mating connecting means 8 preferably correspond to the dimensions of the connecting means 33.
The diameter dI of a core hole of the internal thread 50 of the mating connecting means 8 is preferably in a range from 5 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 10 mm to 40 mm, particularly from 15 mm to 35 mm, particularly from 20 mm to 30 mm. A core diameter da of the external thread 48 of the connecting means 33 is dimensioned essentially in accordance with the diameter d of the core hole of the mating connecting means 8. The mating connecting means 8 preferably has a threaded insert 41 with the internal thread 50. The threaded insert 41 can be screwed or moulded into the plate base body 5.
In
The transmission device 34 has a first transmission means 43 for converting the first rotary movement into a first transferring movement of the ground contact means 32 relative to the infrastructure component 4. The first transmission means 43 comprises a base body 44, to which the ground contact means 32 is attached eccentrically. The ground contact means 32 is formed in one piece with the base body 44, particularly these are connected via a substance-to-substance bond. The first transmission means 43 further comprises a shaft 45 for transmitting the first rotary movement between the first actuating means 35 and the base body 44. The shaft 45 has a circular cross-section. A first rotary movement about the first axis of rotation 37 transmitted to the first actuating means 35 can be converted by means of the first transmission means 43 into a first transferring movement of the ground contact means 32 relative to the infrastructure component 4 with a translatory movement component orientated perpendicular to the first axis of rotation 37.
The transmission device 34 has a second transmission means 46. The second transmission means comprises a hollow shaft 47 with an external thread 48. The external thread 48 of the second transmission means 46 is the external thread of the connecting means 33. This external thread 48 therefore has a dual function.
The second transmission means 46 is designed to convert a second rotary movement of the second actuating means 36 about the second axis of rotation 38 into a second transferring movement of the ground contact means 32 relative to the infrastructure component 4 with a translatory movement component orientated parallel to the second axis of rotation 38. In other words, the second transmission means 46 is designed to convert a rotary movement of the second actuating means 36 into a movement of the ground contact means 32 relative to the infrastructure component 4 along the second axis of rotation 38.
The hollow shaft 47 surrounds the shaft 45. Particularly, the shaft 45 is mounted to rotate in the hollow shaft 47, particularly by means of a plain bearing and/or a rolling bearing. Preferably, the shaft 45 is positively mounted in the hollow shaft 47 along the first axis of rotation 37, particularly on both sides.
The first axis of rotation 37 and the second axis of rotation 38 are essentially orientated perpendicular to a main extension plane 49 of the infrastructure component 4. This ensures that rotatably driving the first actuating means 35 causes the infrastructure component 4 to be transferred in the vertical direction. Rotatably driving the second actuating means 36 causes the infrastructure component 4 to be transferred in a horizontal direction.
The device 2 is designed for reversibly passing through the infrastructure component 4. For this purpose, the connecting means 33 completely overlaps all other elements of the device 2 arranged on the side of the ground contact means 32 with respect to the connecting means 33, particularly along the first axis of rotation 37 and/or along the second axis of rotation 38. Particularly, the connecting means 33 completely overlaps the base body 44 and the contact spike 39. Particularly, all elements of the device 2 which are located on the side of the ground contact means 32 with respect to the connecting means 33 lie along the first axis of rotation 37 and/or along the second axis of rotation 38 within the external diameter DA of the internal thread 50, particularly within the diameter d1 of the core hole, particularly within the core diameter da of the external thread 48 of the connecting means 33.
The device 2 passes through the through core hole of the infrastructure component 4 completely and reversibly detachable, particularly detachable in a non-destructive manner. Particularly, the device 2, particularly the connecting means 33, is designed for reversible, particularly non-destructive and/or disassembly-free, fastening of the device 2 to the infrastructure component 4. Particularly, the device 2 is designed to remove the infrastructure component 4 after the infrastructure component 4 has been cast with the ground 3 by means of the filler 10 and after the filler 10 has cured.
The overall length L of the device 2 is preferably in the range from 200 mm to 600 mm, particularly from 300 mm to 500 mm, particularly from 350 mm to 450 mm. A length 1 of the external thread 48 is preferably less than the total length L. The difference in length is preferably in a range from 10 mm to 200 mm, particularly from 20 mm to 100 mm, particularly from 30 mm to 60 mm.
The overall length L of the device 2 and/or the thread length 1 of the external thread 48 are preferably greater than the thickness t of the infrastructure component 4, particularly the plate base body 5, particularly the track support plate. The thickness t of the infrastructure component 4 is preferably in a range from 100 mm to 500 mm, particularly from 200 mm to 400 mm.
A distance c between the first actuating means 35 and the second actuating means 36, particularly along the first axis of rotation 37, is preferably in a range from 0 mm to 100 mm, particularly from 5 mm to 50 mm, particularly from 10 mm to 20 mm.
The mode of operation of the system 1, particularly the device 2, the combination 16, and the method for transferring the infrastructure component 4 is as follows:
By means of a transport device not shown, particularly by means of a running trailer and/or a crane and/or a multi-joint arm, a plurality of the infrastructure components 4 are pre-positioned on the ground 3 one after the other, particularly within an area shuttered for casting, preferably vertically overlapping the reinforcement 11.
In this pre-positioned arrangement, which is also referred to below as the initial arrangement, the respective infrastructure component 4 is supported on the ground 3 by means of the ground contact means 32 of the devices 2.
Five of each of the devices 2 are fastened to the respective infrastructure component 4. The devices 2 pass through the respective infrastructure component 4, particularly the plate base body 5 of the track support plate, in such a way that the ground contact means 32 protrudes downwards out of the infrastructure component 4. The actuating device 29 of the respective device 2 protrudes upwards out of the infrastructure component 4.
A drive unit 30 is attached to each of the actuating devices 29 and is in signalling connection with the control unit 24.
The measuring device 15 is located in a measuring position. The distance to the respective land survey points 18 is recorded by means of the position determination unit 17, particularly by recording the aiming windows 19 of the reflector rods 20. Based on the distances, the measuring position of the measuring device 15 is determined, particularly by means of the control device 24, particularly in a global coordinate system, and preferably stored in the memory 26 of the control device 24.
The arrangement of the respective infrastructure component 4 is recorded by means of the measuring device 15, particularly by recording the markings 23. Particularly, the stereo camera 21 records the position of the markings 23 relative to the measuring position of the measuring device 15. The arrangement of the infrastructure components 4, particularly the actual arrangement, is determined on the basis of the image evaluation and on the basis of the measuring position, particularly by means of the control device 24, particularly in a global coordinate system, and is preferably stored in the memory 26 of the control device 24.
The control device 24 determines the arrangement deviation between a nominal arrangement, particularly the target arrangement, and the actual arrangement of the infrastructure components 4. A control signal correlating with the arrangement deviation is determined by means of the control device 24. The control signal is transmitted to the respective drive unit 30, particularly via the wireless signal connection with the control communication interface 28 and the respective drive communication interface 31.
In accordance with the control signal, the drive unit 30 drives the first actuating means 35 and the second actuating means 36, particularly independently of one another, about the first axis of rotation 37 and about the second axis of rotation 38. Using the control signal, all drive units 30 act on the devices 2, particularly the actuating devices 29, in such a way that the infrastructure component 4 is transferred from the initial arrangement into the target arrangement.
Rotatably driving the first actuating means 35 causes the transferring of the infrastructure component 4 in the area of the respective device 2, particularly in the area of the associated mating connecting means 8 in the horizontal direction. Rotatably driving the second actuating means 36 of the respective device 2 causes the infrastructure component 4 to be transferred in the area of the respective device 2, particularly the associated mating connecting means 8, in the vertical direction.
Because the ground contact means 32 has the contact spike 39 arranged eccentrically to the first axis of rotation 37, the infrastructure component 4 is transferred in a circle around the contact spike 39 when the first actuating means 35 is rotatably driven. The radius of the circular movement corresponds to the distance r of the contact spike 39 from the first axis of rotation 37. The distance r is 10 mm. When the first actuating means 35 is fully rotated about the first axis of rotation 37, the infrastructure component 4 is transferred in the horizontal direction by +/−10 mm relative to the ground 3 in the area of the corresponding device 2.
Preferably, the control device 24 is designed to control the drive units 30 in such a way that the overall required transferring movement of the infrastructure component 4 relative to the ground 3 and/or the transferring duration are minimized.
The infrastructure components 4 are transferred from the initial arrangement into the target arrangement. The target arrangement deviates from a nominal arrangement, particularly in the area of the markings 23, by a maximum of 5 mm, particularly by a maximum of 2 mm, particularly by a maximum of 1 mm, particularly by a maximum of 0.5 mm, from the nominal arrangement, particularly in a horizontal direction, particularly perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the rails 7.
The transferring of the respective infrastructure component 4 is described in greater detail with reference to
An x-direction and a y-direction of a Cartesian coordinate system, shown particularly in
In
The first actuating means 35 are driven in rotation about the first axis of rotation 37. The ground contact means 32, particularly the contact spike 39, is rotated by 90°, particularly clockwise, about the first axis of rotation 37. The infrastructure component 4 is thereby transferred in the horizontal direction, particularly in the x-direction and in the y-direction, relative to ground 3.
The respective ground contact means 32, in particular the contact spike 39, is arranged at a distance from the first axis of rotation 37 in the direction opposite the x-direction. The triangular wedge 42 of the devices 2 points accordingly in the direction opposite the x-direction. The first actuating means 35 is further rotated about the first axis of rotation 37, particularly clockwise, particularly again by 90°. This transfers the infrastructure component 4 relative to the ground 3 opposite the x-direction and further opposite the y-direction.
In
In order to transfer the infrastructure component 4 over a greater, particularly horizontal, distance, particularly beyond twice the distance r between the first axis of rotation 37 and the contact spike 39, the devices 2 can be realigned, particularly one after the other. The realignment of the devices 2 is described with reference to
The first actuating means 35 is then rotatably driven in order to align the ground contact means 32 in accordance with the initial arrangement. The infrastructure component 4 retains its position and orientation in relation to the ground 3.
The second actuating means 36 is rotatably driven about the second axis of rotation 38 for lowering the device 2.1. The ground contact means 32 comes into contact with the ground 3 again. The infrastructure component 4 is again supported on the ground 3 via the device 2.1. The system 1 is in the first alignment arrangement shown in
The method described above is repeated similarly for each of the devices 2.2 to 2.5 one after the other. The devices 2.1 to 2.5 are then orientated relative to the infrastructure component 4 in accordance with the initial arrangement, with the infrastructure component 4 not having changed its arrangement relative to the second transferring arrangement. The system 1, particularly the infrastructure component 4, can be transferred further opposite the y-direction relative to the ground 3 in accordance with the method described with reference to
The infrastructure component 4 can be fixed, particularly braced, in the target arrangement by means of the devices. For this purpose, the devices 2, particularly the first actuating means 35, are rotatably driven in pairs in opposite directions. Particularly, the first actuating means 35 of the devices 2.1 and 2.3 are rotatably driven in opposite directions and the first actuating means 35 of the devices 2.2 and 2.4 are rotatably driven in opposite directions. The transferring movement of the respective ground contact means 32 about the first axis of rotation is preferably in a range from 2° to 60°, particularly from 5° to 45°, particularly from 10° to 30°, particularly from 15° to 20°. The infrastructure component 4 preferably does not move relative to a ground 3. Bracing can be achieved by applying a predetermined torque to the respective device, particularly the first actuating means 35. The relative movement of the ground contact means 32 to the infrastructure component 4 causes an elastic deformation of the respective device 2, which braces the infrastructure component 4 in the target arrangement to the ground 3. The system 1 is in the bracing arrangement shown in
The method described above can also be carried out manually as an alternative to carrying it out automatically by means of the drive units 30. For this purpose, the arrangement deviation is displayed on the user interface 27. The user can drive the actuating device 29, particularly the first and second actuating means 35, 36 by means of a tool, particularly by means of a spanner, in such a way that the infrastructure component 4 is transferred into the target arrangement and/or is braced in the target arrangement.
In the target arrangement, particularly in the bracing arrangement, the at least one infrastructure component 4 is cast with the filler 10, particularly with pourable concrete. The free space 14 between the ground 3 and the infrastructure component 4 is filled with the filler. The filler cures. The infrastructure component 4 is firmly connected to the ground 3 via the cured filler 10.
The devices 2 can be removed from the respective infrastructure component 4. For this purpose, the second actuating means 36 is rotatably driven about the second axis of rotation 38 and the respective device 2 is removed from the device 2 in the vertical direction, particularly in the z-direction. The device 2 can be used to transfer the infrastructure components 4 into a target arrangement.
A further embodiment of the system 1 with the at least one device 2 is described with reference to
The ground contact means 32 comprises a rotary bearing 51, particularly a thrust rolling bearing. The rotary bearing 51 is designed as a rolling bearing, particularly as a ball bearing.
The contact spike 39 is mounted to rotate on the transmission device 34, particularly on the first transmission means 43, particularly on the base body 44, about a bearing axis 52 by means of the rotary bearing 51. The bearing axis 52 is orientated parallel to the first axis of rotation 37. A distance r between the bearing axis 52 and the first axis of rotation 37 corresponds to the distance r between the first axis of rotation 37 and the tip of the contact spike 39. Particularly, the contact spike 39 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical about the bearing axis 52.
Along the first axis of rotation 37, the contact spike 39 projects beyond the base body 44, in relation to the transmission device 34 in the direction of the ground contact means 32, by a height h in a range from 1 mm to 30 mm, particularly from 2 mm to 20 mm, particularly from 3 mm to 15 mm, particularly from 4 mm to 10 mm.
The system 1 comprises a mating ground contact means 53. The mating ground contact means 53 is designed to introduce the force transmitted to the ground 3 via the ground contact means 32, particularly the contact spike 39, particularly the weight force of the infrastructure component 4, into the ground 3 in a particularly evenly distributed manner, particularly distributed over an enlarged area. The mating ground contact means 53 preferably has a plate, particularly a metal plate, particularly a steel plate. The mating ground contact means 53 has a square base with a side length of 200 mm. The thickness of the mating ground contact means 53 is 15 mm.
System 1 and device 2 otherwise correspond to the embodiment described above. The mode of operation corresponds to that of the embodiment described above.
Advantageously, the rotatable bearing of the ground contact means 32 relative to the base body 44 ensures that the friction between the ground contact means 32 and the ground 3 is reduced. This makes the device 2 especially easy to actuate; particularly, the actuating device 29, particularly the first actuating means 35, can be driven especially smoothly and with low friction. The mating ground contact means 53 improves the force transmission between the device 2 and the ground 3. Particularly, the weight force of the infrastructure component 4 transmitted via the ground contact means 32 can be transmitted over a larger area by means of the mating ground contact means 53 and thus introduced into the ground 3 in an especially evenly distributed manner, particularly with a reduced surface load. Damage to the ground 3 is prevented. The transferring of the infrastructure component 4 relative to the ground 3 can be carried out particularly reliably using the device 2.
The devices 2, particularly the combination 16, enable the transferring of an infrastructure component 4 supported on a ground 3 in a pre-positioned manner into a target arrangement in a particularly precise and economical manner. The device 2 and/or the combination 16 are fully reusable. Particularly, once the infrastructure component 4 has been cast and cured on the ground 3, the device 2 can be completely removed from the device 2, particularly in a non-destructive manner and/or without disassembly, and is thus ready for reuse for transferring another infrastructure component 4. Due to the local proximity of the first actuating means 35 and of the second actuating means 36, particularly due to their coaxial axes of rotation 37, 38, the device 2, particularly the actuating device 29, can be driven in an especially easy-to-handle manner, particularly in an automated manner. The fact that the infrastructure component 4 can be fixed, particularly braced, in the target arrangement by means of the device 2 means that transferring the infrastructure component 4 from the target arrangement, particularly when casting with the filler 10, can be reliably prevented.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| A50315/2022 | May 2022 | AT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/060068 | 4/19/2023 | WO |
