This is the U.S. national stage of international application PCT/EP2014/066186, filed on Jul. 28, 2014, which claims the benefit of the Jul. 30, 2013 priority date of German application DE 102013108177.0, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
The invention relates to container packaging, and in particular, to transporting separating elements that are used to separate adjacent receptacles from each other within a container.
Receptacles for containing a product are sometimes packaged together in containers. Sometimes, during the course of transport, these receptacles can hit each other. This can result in breakage and excessive noise during transport.
To solve this problem, it is known to put separating elements between receptacles. One approach is to place the separating element in a container and to then place the receptacles into the compartments formed by the separating element. However, a better approach for mass production is to place the separating element over the receptacles.
In one aspect, the invention features a transport device that transports a separating element and inserts it into a container that has receptacles. The separating element thus separates adjacent receptacles from each other. The apparatus includes a transport device that removes a separating element from a magazine and brings it to an insertion station for insertion into the container. It also includes a linear transporter having an electromagnetic direct drive and motion elements that circulate in a common direction around the linear transporter's closed motion path. Each motion element has a gripper arranged thereon.
In another aspect, the invention features an apparatus for transporting a separating element and inserting a separating element into a container containing a receptacle group that comprises a plurality of receptacles, adjacent ones of which are to be separated by the separating element. Such an apparatus includes a transport device configured to pick up the separating element and to bring the separating element to the container. The transport device comprises a linear transporter, which is implemented as an electromagnetic direct drive. The linear transporter comprises a closed motion path on which motion elements circulate in a common direction. Each motion element has a gripper arranged thereon.
In some embodiments, the closed motion path comprises an outgoing side, a return side, and first and second deflection regions arranged between the return side and the outgoing side.
Other embodiments include those in which each motion element has a gripper arranged thereon. This gripper is movable relative to both the linear transporter and to the first motion element. Some of these embodiments have two or more grippers, all of which are controllable independently of each other.
In other embodiments, each motion element is individually actuatable along the closed motion path independently of other motion elements.
Further embodiments have a magazine. In these embodiments, the motion elements, all of which have at least one gripper, are configured to remove a separating element from the magazine. Among these embodiments are those in which the separating element is a frame.
In yet other embodiments, a portion of the linear transporter defines an insertion station at which separating elements are placed into waiting containers.
Additional embodiments are those in which a first portion of the linear transporter defines a transfer station and a second portion defines an insertion station. The insertion station is where separating elements are placed into waiting containers, and the transfer station is where the separating elements are picked up before being brought to the insertion station.
One kind of separating element is a frame. A frame has at least one longitudinal web and at least one transverse web. Other kinds of separating element include an individual web that is conveyed to the container, and a plurality of individual webs connected to each other.
As used herein, a receptacle refers to such structures as bottles, cans, tubes, and/or pouches, whether made of metal, glass, and/or plastic, including, for example, PET bottles. Receptacles also include packaging elements that are suitable for filling with fluid or viscous products, and for accommodating foodstuffs, as well as receptacles that have been assembled into groups, such as multipacks.
Further embodiments, advantages, and possible applications of the invention are also derived from the following description of exemplary embodiments. In this situation, all the features described are essentially the object of the invention, individually or in any desired combination, regardless of their association in the claims or references to them. The contents of the claims are also a constituent part of the description.
These and other features and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying figures, in which:
The transport device 1 for transporting and inserting separating elements 10 includes a linear transporter 2.1 that defines a closed motion path 2.2 along which motion elements 3 move. In some embodiments, these motion elements 3 are carriages, whereas in others, they are movers. Each motion element 3 has at least one mechanical gripper 4, best seen in
The closed motion path 2.2 includes an outgoing linear section 5.1, a return linear section 5.2, and first and second deflection sections 6.1, 6.2 arranged between the outgoing and return linear sections 5.1, 5.2. The outgoing and return linear sections 5.1, 5.2 can comprise curved or oblique sections. Such curved or oblique sections are useful to compensate for a difference in height or to change a component of movement in the horizontal direction.
Both the motion elements 3 and the mechanical grippers 4 on the motion elements 3 can be individually controlled. As a result, in some cases, a motion element 3 can move at the same speed as its neighboring motion elements 3. However, in other cases, a motion element 3 can be accelerated or decelerated without the other motion elements doing the same. This means that not all motion elements 3 have to move at the same speed. Since the motion elements 3 can be controlled independently of one another, it is possible for motion elements 3 to all move at the same speed, or for individual ones of the motion elements 3 to speed up, to slow down, or to even briefly reverse direction of movement.
The ability to individually control motion elements 3 is particularly advantageous because it means that one can maintain the same overall throughput by deploying a smaller number of motion elements 3. This is because motion elements 3 moving along the a return linear section 5.2 can move much faster than the motion elements 3 moving on the outgoing linear section 5.1.
Most of the time, motion elements 3 circulate in a common direction A. However, if appropriate, motion elements 3 can also be moved individually and for short periods of time in a direction other than the common direction A. This might be carried out, for example, to change a distance between adjacent motion elements 3. It may also be carried out during particular steps of operation where rapid motion might be disadvantageous.
In the course of operation, there may be times when motion elements 3 must be removed for maintenance or inspection. There may also be times when fewer or more motion elements 3 are required to maintain an appropriate throughput. To permit insertion and removal of motion elements 3, some embodiments of the closed motion path 2.2 include an extraction lock arrangement that permits extraction of motion elements 3 that are either not required or that must be removed for inspection. This extraction lock arrangement also permits introduction of motion elements 3 or the return of motion elements 3 that had previously been removed for inspection or maintenance.
In some embodiments, the linear transporter comprises an electromagnetic track around which motion elements 3 circulate. In these cases, the linear transporter 2.1 can be an electromagnetic direct drive that causes a dynamically controllable electromagnetic field along a rail or track. Since the drive is electromagnetic, no gears are required. In such embodiments, a permanent magnet on the motion element 3 permits the motion element 3 to be moved in a controlled manner by a magnetic force.
The mechanical grippers 4 arranged at the motion elements 3 can carry out any movement in relation to the linear transporter 2.1 and also in relation to the motion element itself. Each mechanical gripper 4 can be actuated to move along or around any one of its degrees of freedom. In some embodiments, a central unit controls actuation of the mechanical grippers 4 and control of the motion elements 3.
As a motion element 3 traverses the closed motion path 2.2 of the linear transporter 2.1, it comes to a magazine 7 at the transfer station I. Within the magazine 7 are separating elements 10 that are to be picked up. The motion element's mechanical grippers 4 are arranged to participate in removal of a separating element 10 from the magazine 7.
Because each motion element 3 is individually controllable, it is possible to optimize the motion of the motion element 3 for picking up a separating element 10 without affecting motion of other motion elements 3. For example, it is possible to briefly stop the motion element 3, or to at least slow it down considerably, while the motion element 3 is in the transfer station I. This ensures that the mechanical gripper 4 can more reliably pick up a separating element 10.
In an alternative embodiment, the motion element's grippers 4 receive assistance from a circulating suction gripper 8. Like the motion element 3, the circulating suction gripper 8 is individually controllable. In this embodiment, the circulating suction gripper 8 picks up a flat-folded separating element 10 and transfers it to the motion element's mechanical grippers 4. This requires synchronizing the speeds of the motion element 3 and the circulating suction gripper 8 in the transfer region.
After having picked up a separating element 10, the motion element 3 brings it to an insertion station II. Again, as a result of the individual control over motion elements 3, it is possible to brake or even briefly stop the motion element 3 near the insertion station II. As a result, there is no need to have a predetermined distribution of driving carriers secured to a circulating chain.
The insertion station II is located above a transport plane 21 along which a divider 22 conveys receptacles 20 in groups or in channels in the transport direction B. Using divider-tools 24, the divider 22 divides the receptacles 20 into individual groups of receptacles that are to be placed into a container 23.
According to the exemplary embodiment from
In the transfer station I, the separating elements 10 are taken out of the magazine 7 and transferred to the motion element 3 or taken up by its mechanical grippers 4.
As shown in
In some cases, the circulating suction gripper 8 temporarily places the unfolded separating element 10 onto a movable platform 50 provided at the transfer station I. A mechanical gripper 4 secured to a motion element 3 that is approaching the platform 50 or that is already parked at the platform 50 then approaches the separating element 10 with its mechanical gripper 4 open to grip the separating element 10.
In an alternative embodiment, the motion element 3 and its mechanical grippers 4 form a platform 50 having fingers or webs. The unfolded separating element 10 is then placed onto the platform fingers or webs until the mechanical grippers 4 close. In this embodiment, the platform fingers or webs are ideally a part of the mechanical gripper 4.
In yet another embodiment, the mechanical gripper 4 takes the separating element 10 directly from the circulating suction gripper 8. This can be achieved as a result of the ability to individually control movement of the motion element 3, and in particular, by causing the motion element 3 to move slowly or even to stop briefly to pick up the separating element 10.
After the mechanical gripper 4 closes, the movable platform 50 and the mechanical gripper 4 move together to a handover section above a container 23. The mechanical gripper 4 then opens. As a result, the separating element 10 falls into the divided container 23.
Some embodiments also cause gaps to open between receptacles to facilitate insertion of the separating element 10. There are two kinds of gaps: those in which the long axis of the gap extends in the running direction and those in which the long axis is perpendicular to the running direction. To form the latter, one moves the base of the container 23 over a camber or hump. To form the former, one uses guide rails between individual rows of receptacles.
In some cases, the separating elements 10 are configured as frames. These frames are typically folded and laid flat in the magazine 7. A good way to pick up these frames is to use suction. As discussed above, a separate circulating suction gripper 8 can be used. However, in some embodiments, one or more grippers 4 on the motion element 3 are configured to carry out suction. Such a hybrid gripper 4 is therefore able to carry out both the function of mechanically gripping the frame and also picking it up in the first place by suction.
In some embodiments, there are several mechanical grippers 4 arranged at the motion elements 3. Relative motion between these mechanical grippers 3 enables them to unfold a frame while traveling along the outgoing linear section 5.1 and the first deflection section 6.1, as shown in
Ideally, shortly before the insertion, the gripper 4 pivots or rotates to fully align the separating element 10. To achieve this, it is useful to transport the separating element 10 as far as possible in either a flattened format, in a fully folded state, or in an at least partially folded state to the transport device. A controller causes circulating suction grippers 8 mounted on the motion elements 3 to pivot or to rotate in a way that unfolds the separating elements 10. The controller causes this pivoting or rotating movement after the transfer station I, and in particular, shortly before the insertion station II.
A vacuum for the circulating suction grippers 8 can be arranged at the closed motion path 2.2. In some embodiments, the vacuum is supplied in a steady state, whereas in others, the motion element 3 carries a corresponding supply in a storage unit. Such a storage unit needs to be filled periodically. An optional access lock permits removal of the motion element 3 for refilling the storage unit and to return it after refilling.
In some embodiments, the storage unit is an energy storage unit. Function units that are arranged at the motion elements 3 can then draw on this energy in the course of their operation.
A particular advantage arises from the fact that the separating elements 10 do not have to be fully unfolded immediately. Instead, they can remain flat or partially unfolded until shortly before their insertion. This means that a delivery stretch can be shorter than those found in known separating-element inserters.
As a result of having motion elements 3 that circulate on a closed motion path 2.2 with mechanical grippers 4 to engage the separating elements 10, it becomes possible to transport the separating elements 10 without having to have them stand on a sliding track. In those embodiments in which the mechanical grippers 4 suspend the separating elements 10, it even becomes possible to dispense with the sliding track altogether. In these embodiments, the motion elements 3 hold the separating elements 10 hanging or upright.
Yet another advantage of the invention is the stability with which it becomes possible to transport separating elements 10. By using the methods and devices described herein, it becomes possible to avoid most friction, rotating, sliding, or any tendency to realign the separating element 10 into an undesirable position.
In some embodiments, it is preferable to align the separating element 10 into its desired position along the outgoing linear section 5.1. This can be carried out easily because the mechanical gripper 4 is free to move and because it is individually controllable at every point of the closed motion path 2.2. To facilitate such alignment, it is useful for either the mechanical gripper 4 or a take-up device thereof to be mounted on bearings on the motion element 3 such that a rotational or pivoting movement can be carried out. This movement orients the gripper element 4 differently relative to the motion element 3 or relative to the closed motion path 2.2.
The separating elements 10 are therefore transferred in the required position to the insertion station II. Once the separating element 10 has been transferred to the insertion station II, the controller accelerates the motion element 3. Ideally, it does so along the return linear section 5.2, and, if appropriate, along the second deflection section 6.2 so that the motion element 3 will be in position to engage a further separating element 10.
In some embodiments, the insertion station II is configured as a linear transporter 2.1, i.e. as an electromagnetic direct drive, just like the transport device 1. In such cases, motion elements 3 associated with the insertion station II also circulate on a closed motion path 2.2. All the embodiments relating to the transport device 1 apply by analogy to the insertion station II.
By means of the insertion station II, the separating elements 10 are conveyed as separated webs or frames to a container 23 that contains a group of receptacles 20. Preferably, the separating elements 10 are above the container 23. In this situation it is therefore appropriate for the insertion station II to be arranged above the moving containers 23. Either the closed motion path 2.2 of the transport device 1 or that of the insertion station II can be used to carry out the necessary height equalization.
The motion elements 3 of the insertion station II can comprise a gripper 4 that introduces a correctly-aligned separating element 10 into a container 23 that contains a group of receptacles 20. This means that the separating elements 10 are not simply released and allowed to fall into the container 23. Instead, the gripper 4 applies a force to insert the separating elements 10 into the container 23. This places the separating element 10 into the required position relative to the group of receptacles 20 within the container 23 in a way that is relatively immune to the vagaries associated with merely letting the separating element 10 fall into place.
In those embodiments in which the insertion station II also features a linear transporter 2.1, the linear transporters 2.1 of the transport device 1 and of the insertion station II are grouped together to form one common linear transporter 2.1. This is possible because the closed motion paths 2.2 are individually configurable and can be joined and because motion element 3 and their grippers 4 can be individually controlled.
In this situation, the closed motion path 2.2 can again comprise an outgoing linear section 5.1 that leads to a transfer section I at which the separating elements 10 are taken out of a separating element magazine 7, if appropriate unfolded, and carried by motion elements 3 that can be sped up and/or slowed down and that can have their grippers 4 aligned as they move along the closed motion path 2.2. The same motion elements 3 can then insert the separating elements 10 into waiting containers 23. For this purpose, the grippers 4 are configured to carry out all the functions referred to above, together with the function of actually inserting the separating element 10 into a waiting container 23. This results in a combination gripper element that not only takes up, transports, aligns, and stops the separating element 10 but that also specifically inserts the separating element 10 into a waiting container 23.
A suitable drive and control element drives the first and second guide elements 8b1, 8b2 to cause a defined rotation of the corresponding first and second suction grippers 8.1, 8.2 about their corresponding first and second pivot points 8a1, 8a2. At the completion of the unfolding process, shown on the right-side of
In a view from above,
The illustrated motion element 3 features two active grippers 4a. Each active gripper 4a is made up of a first gripper arm 4.1 and a second gripper arm 4.2. The first gripper arm 4.1 is on the central section 25 whereas the second gripper arm 4.2 is on a corresponding one of the first and second outer sections 27, 28.
As the actuator 29 rotates, it moves the first and second carrier sections either inward or outward in the transverse direction. This controls whether or not the first and second active grippers 4a are open or closed.
In contrast,
Dashed lines in
The threaded rod 32 has threads that are pitched one way on a first side of the central plane M and pitched in the opposite way on a second side of the central plane M. This results in counter-running threads. As a result, rotating the threaded rod 32 about its axis GA leads to a symmetrical parallel change in the interval spacing of the two grippers 4a in relation to one another with the two grippers 4a remaining symmetrical relative to the central plane M. Rotating the threaded rod 32 is therefore an easy way to adjust the gripper spacing to accommodate different separating elements 10 with different distances between their webs 10b1, 10b2. For example, the lower portion of
The threaded rod 35 has a plunger 38 mounted on a lower end thereof. The plunger 38 engages an guide track 39 having an incline. As a result, it is possible to displace the threaded rod 35 upwardly by causing the plunger 38 to move relative to the guide track 39 in a direction that results in the plunger 38 climbing the guide track's. To displace the threaded rod 35 downward, the plunger 38 moves in the opposite direction so that it now descends the incline. A spring 40 disposed to urge the plunger 38 downward assists in this downward displacement of the threaded rod 35.
In the alternative embodiment of
The various components in
In addition, the linear transporter 2.1 can have portions that are above the transport plane 21 and portions that are below the transport plane 21. Ideally, the insertion station II and the portion of the linear transporter associated with the insertion station II is arranged above the container 23 and hence above the transport plane 21.
The apparatus described herein can be used in cases in which the container 23 has as outer covering, a carton or other closable transport enclosures. In such cases, the separating element 11 is inserted into containers 23 that are subsequently enclosed by a film.
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10 2013 108 177 | Jul 2013 | DE | national |
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PCT/EP2014/066186 | 7/28/2014 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2015/014798 | 2/5/2015 | WO | A |
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