Device, method, and graphical user interface for enabling conversation persistence across two or more instances of a digital assistant

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 10185542
  • Patent Number
    10,185,542
  • Date Filed
    Friday, June 6, 2014
    10 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, January 22, 2019
    5 years ago
Abstract
An electronic device with one or more processors and memory includes a procedure for enabling conversation persistence across two or more instances of a digital assistant. In some embodiments, the device displays a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the device displays the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the device displays a second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD

The disclosed embodiments relate generally to digital assistant systems, and more specifically, to context and/or conversation persistence.


BACKGROUND

Just like human personal assistants, digital assistant systems can perform requested tasks and provide requested advice, information, or services. A digital assistant system's ability to fulfill a user's request is dependent on the digital assistant system's correct comprehension of the request or instructions. Recent advances in natural language processing have enabled users to interact with digital assistant systems using natural language, in spoken or textual forms. Such digital assistant systems can interpret the user's input to infer the user's intent, translate the inferred intent into actionable tasks and parameters, execute operations or deploy services to perform the tasks, and produce output that is intelligible to the user. Ideally, the output produced by a digital assistant system should fulfill the user's intent expressed during the natural language interaction between the user and the digital assistant system.


The ability of a digital assistant system to produce satisfactory responses to user requests depends on the natural language processing, knowledge base, and artificial intelligence available to the digital assistant system. Moreover, while numerous third party systems and services currently exist, there is no efficient means for a digital assistant system to enable context and/or conversation persistence across two or more non-continuous instances of a digital assistant.


SUMMARY

The embodiments disclosed herein provide methods, devices, systems, and non-transitory computer readable storage media for operating a digital assistant so as to enable context and/or conversation persistence.


Accordingly, some embodiments provide a method of operating a digital assistant, performed at an electronic device having a display, one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the method comprising displaying a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the method includes displaying the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the method further includes displaying a second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface: detecting a prior request to invoke the digital assistant; detecting a speech input; and providing a transcription of the speech input, where the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising, in response to the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, ceasing to display the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising: displaying a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; detecting a user selection of the first affordance; and in response to the user selection of the first affordance, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising: displaying a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue; detecting a user selection of the second affordance; and in response to the user selection of the second affordance, ceasing to display at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising, in response to the user selection of the second affordance, excluding context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from a context history of the digital assistant.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising: storing context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determining whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, invoking the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising, deleting the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period.


In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is not satisfied when the electronic device is locked.


In some embodiments, the second dialogue includes a user query to the digital assistant, and the method further comprises: storing context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; and while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, responding to the user query to the digital assistant using the stored context data while determining a response to the user query.


In some embodiments, the predetermined context condition is satisfied when, in response to a user action performed during display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising: determining whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a second predetermined condition; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the second predetermined condition, displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the second predetermined condition, displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without making the first dialogue available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined conversation expiration time period.


In some embodiments, the method further comprising: storing context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determining whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition, wherein the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, invoking the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and deleting the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period, where the predetermined context expiration time period is shorter than the predetermined conversation expiration time period.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is not satisfied when the electronic device is locked.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition comprises a condition that is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received prior to detection of a predetermined number of user interactions with the electronic device after displaying the first dialogue.


In some embodiments, the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a request to launch an application.


In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface does not correspond to the digital assistant.


In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface is associated with an application distinct from the digital assistant.


Some embodiments provide a method of operating a digital assistant, performed at two or more electronic devices each having a display, one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the method comprising, displaying a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant at a first device. At a second device different from the first device, the method further comprising, displaying a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant in response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface.


In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions, which, when executed by an electronic device, cause the device to perform the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs; the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors and the one or more programs include instructions for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, a graphical user interface on an electronic device with a display, a memory, and one or more processors to execute one or more programs stored in the memory, the graphical user interface comprising user interfaces displayed in accordance with any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes means for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an information processing apparatus, for use in an electronic device includes means for performing the operations of any of the methods described above.


In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a touch screen display unit configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input and a sound receiving unit configured to receive sound input. The electronic device also includes a processing unit coupled to the touch screen display unit and the sound receiving unit. The processing unit is configured to enable display of a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface on the touch screen display unit. In response to a request to enable display of a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the processing unit is configured to enable display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the processing unit is further configured to enable display of a second instance of the digital assistant user interface on the touch screen display unit, including enabling display of a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In accordance with some embodiments, a system includes two or more electronic devices. A first electronic device includes a touch screen display unit configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input, and a sound receiving unit configured to receive sound input. The first electronic device also includes a processing unit coupled to the touch screen display unit and the sound receiving unit. A second electronic device includes a touch screen display unit configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input and a sound receiving unit configured to receive sound input. The second electronic device also includes a processing unit coupled to the touch screen display unit and the sound receiving unit. The processing unit of the first electronic device is configured to enable display of a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant on the touch screen display unit. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on the second electronic device, the processing unit of the second electronic device is configured to enable display of a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant on the touch screen display unit, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface.


The details of one or more embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an environment in which a digital assistant operates in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a digital assistant client system in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating a digital assistant system or a server portion thereof in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 3B is a block diagram illustrating functions of the digital assistant shown in FIG. 3A in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 3C is a diagram of a portion of an ontology shown in FIG. 3B in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a persistence module shown in FIG. 3B in accordance with some embodiments.



FIGS. 5A-OO illustrate exemplary user interfaces for enabling context and/or conversation persistence in accordance with some embodiments.



FIGS. 6A-D illustrate a flow diagram for an exemplary process of enabling context and/or conversation persistence in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a system including two or more electronic devices for enabling context and/or conversation persistence in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram for an exemplary process of enabling context and/or conversation persistence between two or more electronic devices in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments.





Like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the drawings.


DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS


FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an operating environment 100 of a digital assistant according to some embodiments. The terms “digital assistant,” “virtual assistant,” “intelligent automated assistant,” or “automatic digital assistant,” refer to any information processing system that interprets natural language input in spoken and/or textual form to infer user intent, and performs actions based on the inferred user intent. For example, to act on an inferred user intent, the system can perform one or more of the following: identifying a task flow with steps and parameters designed to accomplish the inferred user intent; inputting specific requirements from the inferred user intent into the task flow; executing the task flow by invoking programs, methods, services, APIs, or the like; and generating output responses to the user in an audible (e.g., speech) and/or visual form.


Specifically, a digital assistant (DA) is capable of accepting a user request at least partially in the form of a natural language command, request, statement, narrative, and/or inquiry. Typically, the user request seeks either an informational answer or performance of a task by the digital assistant. A satisfactory response to the user request is either provision of the requested informational answer, performance of the requested task, or a combination of the two. For example, a user may ask the digital assistant a question, such as “Where am I right now?” Based on the user's current location, the digital assistant may answer, “You are in Central Park.” The user may also request the performance of a task, for example, “Please remind me to call Mom at 4 PM today.” In response, the digital assistant may acknowledge the request and then create an appropriate reminder item in the user's electronic schedule. During performance of a requested task, the digital assistant sometimes interacts with the user in a continuous dialogue involving multiple exchanges of information over an extended period of time. There are numerous other ways of interacting with a digital assistant to request information or performance of various tasks. In addition to providing verbal responses and taking programmed actions, the digital assistant also provides responses in other visual or audio forms (e.g., as text, alerts, music, videos, animations, etc.).


An example of a digital assistant is described in Applicant's U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 12/987,982 for “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” filed Jan. 10, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, a digital assistant is implemented according to a client-server model. The digital assistant includes a client-side portion 102a, 102b (hereafter “DA-client 102”) executed on a user device 104a, 104b, and a server-side portion 106 (hereafter “DA-server 106”) executed on a server system 108. DA-client 102 communicates with DA-server 106 through one or more networks 110. DA-client 102 provides client-side functionalities such as user-facing input and output processing and communications with DA-server 106. DA server 106 provides server-side functionalities for any number of DA-clients 102 each residing on a respective user device 104.


In some embodiments, DA-server 106 includes a client-facing I/O interface 112, one or more processing modules 114, data and models 116, and an I/O interface to external services 118. The client-facing I/O interface facilitates the client-facing input and output processing for digital assistant server 106. One or more processing modules 114 utilize data and models 116 to determine the user's intent based on natural language input and perform task execution based on inferred user intent. In some embodiments, DA-server 106 communicates with external services 120 through the network(s) 110 for task completion or information acquisition. The I/O interface to external services 118 facilitates such communications.


Examples of user device 104 include, but are not limited to, a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a cellular telephone, a smart phone, an enhanced general packet radio service (EGPRS) mobile phone, a media player, a navigation device, a game console, a television, a remote control, or a combination of any two or more of these data processing devices or other data processing devices. More details on user device 104 are provided in reference to an exemplary user device 104 shown in FIG. 2.


Examples of the communication network(s) 110 include local area networks (“LAN”) and wide area networks (“WAN”) such as the Internet. Communication network(s) 110 are, optionally, implemented using any known network protocol, including various wired or wireless protocols, such as Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, or any other suitable communication protocol.


Server system 108 is implemented on one or more standalone data processing apparatuses or a distributed network of computers. In some embodiments, server system 108 also employs various virtual devices and/or services of third party service providers (e.g., third-party cloud service providers) to provide the underlying computing resources and/or infrastructure resources of server system 108.


Although the digital assistant shown in FIG. 1 includes both a client-side portion (e.g., DA-client 102) and a server-side portion (e.g., DA-server 106), in some embodiments, the functions of a digital assistant is implemented as a standalone application installed on a user device. In addition, the division of functionalities between the client and server portions of the digital assistant can vary in different embodiments. For example, in some embodiments, DA-client 102 is a thin-client that provides only user-facing input and output processing functions, and delegates all other functionalities of the digital assistant to a backend server.



FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a user-device 104 in accordance with some embodiments. User device 104 includes a memory interface 202, one or more processors 204, and a peripherals interface 206. The various components in user device 104 are coupled by one or more communication buses or signal lines. User device 104 includes various sensors, subsystems, and peripheral devices that are coupled to the peripherals interface 206. The sensors, subsystems, and peripheral devices gather information and/or facilitate various functionalities of user device 104.


For example, a motion sensor 210, a light sensor 212, and a proximity sensor 214 are coupled to the peripherals interface 206 to facilitate orientation, light, and proximity sensing functions. One or more other sensors 216, such as a positioning system (e.g., a GPS receiver), a temperature sensor, a biometric sensor, a gyroscope, a compass, an accelerometer, and the like, are also connected to peripherals interface 206, to facilitate related functionalities.


In some embodiments, a camera subsystem 220 and an optical sensor 222 are utilized to facilitate camera functions, such as taking photographs and recording video clips. Communication functions are facilitated through one or more wired and/or wireless communication subsystems 224, which can include various communication ports, radio frequency receivers and transmitters, and/or optical (e.g., infrared) receivers and transmitters. An audio subsystem 226 is coupled to speakers 228 and a microphone 230 to facilitate voice-enabled functions, such as voice recognition, voice replication, digital recording, and telephony functions.


In some embodiments, an I/O subsystem 240 is also coupled to peripheral interface 206. I/O subsystem 240 includes a touch screen controller 242 and/or other input controller(s) 244. Touch-screen controller 242 is coupled to a touch screen 246. Touch screen 246 and the touch screen controller 242 can, for example, detect contact and movement or break thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensitivity technologies, such as capacitive, resistive, infrared, surface acoustic wave technologies, proximity sensor arrays, and the like. Other input controller(s) 244 can be coupled to other input/control devices 248, such as one or more buttons, rocker switches, a thumb-wheel, an infrared port, a USB port, and/or a pointer device such as a stylus.


In some embodiments, memory interface 202 is coupled to memory 250. Memory 250 can include high-speed random access memory and/or non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, one or more optical storage devices, and/or flash memory (e.g., NAND or NOR).


In some embodiments, the memory 250 stores an operating system 252, a communication module 254, a graphical user interface module 256, a sensor processing module 258, a phone module 260, and applications 262. Operating system 252 includes instructions for handling basic system services and for performing hardware dependent tasks. Communication module 254 facilitates communicating with one or more additional devices, one or more computers and/or one or more servers. Graphical user interface module 256 facilitates graphic user interface processing. Sensor processing module 258 facilitates sensor-related processing and functions. Phone module 260 facilitates phone-related processes and functions. Application module 262 facilitates various functionalities of user applications, such as electronic-messaging, web browsing, media processing, navigation, imaging and/or other processes and functions.


As described in this specification, memory 250 also stores client-side digital assistant instructions (e.g., in a digital assistant client module 264) and various user data 266 (e.g., user-specific vocabulary data, preference data, and/or other data such as the user's electronic address book, to-do lists, shopping lists, etc.) to provide the client-side functionalities of the digital assistant.


In various embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 is capable of accepting voice input (e.g., speech input), text input, touch input, and/or gestural input through various user interfaces (e.g., I/O subsystem 244) of user device 104. Digital assistant client module 264 is also capable of providing output in audio (e.g., speech output), visual, and/or tactile forms. For example, output can be provided as voice, sound, alerts, text messages, menus, graphics, videos, animations, vibrations, and/or combinations of two or more of the above. During operation, digital assistant client module 264 communicates with the digital assistant server using communication subsystems 224.


In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 utilizes the various sensors, subsystems and peripheral devices to gather additional information from the surrounding environment of user device 104 to establish a context associated with a user, the current user interaction, and/or the current user input. In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 provides the context information or a subset thereof with the user input to the digital assistant server to help infer the user's intent. In some embodiments, the digital assistant also uses the context information to determine how to prepare and deliver outputs to the user.


In some embodiments, the context information that accompanies the user input includes sensor information, such as lighting, ambient noise, ambient temperature, images or videos of the surrounding environment, and the like. In some embodiments, the context information also includes the physical state of user device 104 (e.g., device orientation, device location, device temperature, power level, speed, acceleration, motion patterns, cellular signals strength, etc.). In some embodiments, information related to the software state of user device 104 (e.g., running processes, installed programs, past and present network activities, background services, error logs, resources usage, etc.) is provided to the digital assistant server as context information associated with a user input.


In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 selectively provides information (e.g., user data 266) stored on user device 104 in response to requests from the digital assistant server. In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 also elicits additional input from the user via a natural language dialogue or other user interfaces upon request by digital assistant server 106. Digital assistant client module 264 passes the additional input to digital assistant server 106 to help digital assistant server 106 in intent inference and/or fulfillment of the user's intent expressed in the user request.


In various embodiments, memory 250 includes additional instructions or fewer instructions. Furthermore, various functions of user device 104 may be implemented in hardware and/or in firmware, including in one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.



FIG. 3A is a block diagram of an example digital assistant system 300 in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, digital assistant system 300 is implemented on a standalone computer system. In some embodiments, digital assistant system 300 is distributed across multiple computers. In some embodiments, some of the modules and functions of the digital assistant are divided into a server portion and a client portion, where the client portion resides on a user device (e.g., user device 104) and communicates with the server portion (e.g., server system 108) through one or more networks (e.g., network(s) 110). In some embodiments, digital assistant system 300 is an embodiment of server system 108 (and/or digital assistant server 106) shown in FIG. 1. It should be noted that digital assistant system 300 is only one example of a digital assistant system, and that digital assistant system 300 may have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in FIG. 3A may be implemented in hardware, software instructions for execution by one or more processors, firmware, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits, or a combination of thereof.


Digital assistant system 300 includes memory 302, one or more processors 304, an input/output (I/O) interface 306, and a network communications interface 308. These components communicate with one another over one or more communication buses or signal lines 310.


In some embodiments, memory 302 includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as high-speed random access memory and/or a non-volatile storage medium (e.g., one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices).


In some embodiments, I/O interface 306 couples input/output devices 316 of digital assistant system 300, such as displays, keyboards, touch screens, and microphones, to user interface module 322. I/O interface 306, in conjunction with user interface module 322, receives user inputs (e.g., voice input, keyboard inputs, touch inputs, etc.) and processes them accordingly. In some embodiments, digital assistant system 300 includes any of the components and I/O and communication interfaces described with respect to user device 104 in FIG. 2 (e.g., when the digital assistant is implemented on a standalone user device). In some embodiments, digital assistant system 300 represents the server portion of a digital assistant implementation, and interacts with the user through a client-side portion residing on a user device (e.g., user device 104 shown in FIG. 2).


In some embodiments, network communications interface 308 includes wired communication port(s) 312 and/or wireless transmission and reception circuitry 314. Wired communication port(s) receive and send communication signals via one or more wired interfaces such as Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, and the like. Wireless circuitry 314 receives and sends RF signals and/or optical signals from/to communications networks and other communications devices. The wireless communications, optionally, use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, such as GSM, EDGE, CDMA, TDMA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, VoIP, Wi-MAX, or any other suitable communication protocol. Network communications interface 308 enables communication between digital assistant system 300 and other devices via one or more networks (e.g., the Internet, an intranet, a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) or a metropolitan area network (MAN)).


In some embodiments, memory 302, or the computer readable storage media of memory 302, stores programs, modules, instructions, and data structures including all or a subset of: an operating system 318, a communications module 320, a user interface module 322, one or more applications 324, and a digital assistant module 326. One or more processors 304 execute these programs, modules, and instructions, and reads/writes from/to the data structures.


Operating system 318 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communications between various hardware, firmware, and software components.


Communications module 320 facilitates communications over network communications interface 308 between digital assistant system 300 and other devices. For example, communication module 320, optionally, communicates with communication interface 254 of user device 104 shown in FIG. 2. Communications module 320 also includes various components for handling data received by wireless circuitry 314 and/or wired communications port 312.


User interface module 322 receives commands and/or inputs from a user via I/O interface 306 (e.g., from a keyboard, touch screen, pointing device, controller, and/or microphone), and generates user interface objects on a display. User interface module 322 also prepares and delivers outputs (e.g., speech, sound, animation, text, icons, vibrations, haptic feedback, light, etc.) to the user via I/O interface 306 (e.g., through displays, audio channels, speakers, touch-pads, etc.).


The one or more applications 324 include programs and/or modules that are configured to be executed by the one or more processors 304. For example, if the digital assistant system is implemented on a standalone user device, one or more applications 324, optionally, include user applications, such as games, a calendar application, a navigation application, or an email application. If digital assistant system 300 is implemented on a server farm, the one or more applications 324, optionally, include resource management applications, diagnostic applications, or scheduling applications.


Memory 302 also stores digital assistant module 326 (or the server portion of a digital assistant). In some embodiments, digital assistant module 326 includes the following sub-modules, or a subset or superset thereof: an input/output processing module 328, a speech-to-text (STT) processing module 330, a natural language processing module 332, a dialogue flow processing module 340, a task flow processing module 342, a service processing module 346, and a background processing module 350. Each of these modules has access to one or more of the following data and models of the digital assistant 326, or a subset or superset thereof: ontology 334, vocabulary index 336, user data 338, task flow models 344, service models 348, and user log 352.


In some embodiments, using the processing modules, data, and models implemented in digital assistant module 326, digital assistant system 300 performs at least some of the following: identifying a user's intent expressed in a natural language input received from the user; actively eliciting and obtaining information needed to fully infer the user's intent (e.g., by disambiguating words, names, intentions, etc.); determining the task flow for fulfilling the inferred intent; and executing the task flow to fulfill the inferred intent. In some embodiments, the digital assistant also takes appropriate actions when a satisfactory response was not or could not be provided to the user for various reasons.


In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3B, I/O processing module 328 interacts with the user through the I/O devices 316 in FIG. 3A or with a user device (e.g., user device 104 in FIG. 1) through the network communications interface 308 in FIG. 3A to obtain user input (e.g., a speech input) and to provide responses (e.g., as speech outputs) to the user input. I/O processing module 328, optionally, obtains context information associated with the user input from the user device, along with or shortly after the receipt of the user input. The context information includes user-specific data, vocabulary, and/or preferences relevant to the user input. In some embodiments, the context information also includes software and hardware states of the device (e.g., user device 104 in FIG. 1) at the time the user request is received, and/or information related to the surrounding environment of the user at the time that the user request was received. In some embodiments, I/O processing module 328 also sends follow-up questions to, and receives answers from, the user regarding the user request. When a user request is received by I/O processing module 328 and the user request contains a speech input, I/O processing module 328 forwards the speech input to the speech-to-text (STT) processing module 330 for speech-to-text conversion.


STT processing module 330 receives speech input (e.g., a user utterance captured in a voice recording) through I/O processing module 328. In some embodiments, STT processing module 330 uses various acoustic and language models to recognize the speech input as a sequence of phonemes, and ultimately, a sequence of words or tokens written in one or more languages. The speech-to-text processing module 330 can be implemented using any suitable speech recognition techniques, acoustic models, and language models such as Hidden Markov Models, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) based speech recognition, and other statistical and/or analytical techniques. In some embodiments, speech-to-text processing can be performed at least partially by a third party service or on the user's device. Once STT processing module 330 obtains the result of the speech-to-text processing (e.g., a sequence of words or tokens), STT processing module 330 passes the result to natural language processing module 332 for intent inference.


More details on the speech-to-text processing are described in U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 13/236,942 for “Consolidating Speech Recognition Results,” filed on Sep. 20, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


Natural language processing module 332 (sometimes herein also called a “natural language processor”) of the digital assistant takes the sequence of words or tokens (or token sequence) generated by speech-to-text processing module 330, and attempts to associate the token sequence with one or more actionable intents recognized by the digital assistant. An “actionable intent” represents a task that can be performed by the digital assistant and has an associated task flow implemented in task flow models 344. The associated task flow is a series of programmed actions and steps that the digital assistant takes in order to perform the task. The scope of a digital assistant's capabilities is dependent on the number and variety of task flows that have been implemented and stored in task flow models 344 or, in other words, on the number and variety of actionable intents that the digital assistant recognizes. The effectiveness of the digital assistant, however, is also dependent on the digital assistant's ability to infer the correct actionable intent(s) from the user request expressed in natural language.


In some embodiments, in addition to the token sequence obtained from STT processing module 330, natural language processor 332 also receives context information associated with the user request (e.g., from I/O processing module 328). Natural language processor 332, optionally, uses the context information to clarify, supplement, and/or further define the information contained in the token sequence received from STT processing module 330. The context information includes, for example, user preferences, hardware and/or software states of the user device, sensor information collected before, during, or shortly after the user request, prior interactions (e.g., dialogue) between the digital assistant and the user, and the like.


In some embodiments, the natural language processing is based on ontology 334. Ontology 334 is a hierarchical structure containing many nodes, each node representing either an “actionable intent” or a “property” relevant to one or more of the “actionable intents” or other “properties.” As noted above, an “actionable intent” represents a task that the digital assistant is capable of performing (i.e., it is actionable or can be acted on). A “property” represents a parameter associated with an actionable intent or a sub-aspect of another property. A linkage between an actionable intent node and a property node in ontology 334 defines how a parameter represented by the property node pertains to the task represented by the actionable intent node.


In some embodiments, ontology 334 is made up of actionable intent nodes and property nodes. Within ontology 334, each actionable intent node is linked to one or more property nodes either directly or through one or more intermediate property nodes. Similarly, each property node is linked to one or more actionable intent nodes either directly or through one or more intermediate property nodes. For example, as shown in FIG. 3C, ontology 334 optionally includes a “restaurant reservation” node—an actionable intent node. Property nodes “restaurant,” “date/time” (for the reservation), and “party size” are each directly linked to the actionable intent node (e.g., the “restaurant reservation” node). In addition, property nodes “cuisine,” “price range,” “phone number,” and “location” are sub-nodes of the property node “restaurant,” and are each linked to the “restaurant reservation” node through the intermediate property node “restaurant.” For another example, as shown in FIG. 3C, ontology 334 may also include a “set reminder” node (e.g., another actionable intent node). Property nodes “date/time” (for the setting the reminder) and “subject” (for the reminder) are each linked to the “set reminder” node. Since the property “date/time” is relevant to both the task of making a restaurant reservation and the task of setting a reminder, the property node “date/time” is linked to both the “restaurant reservation” node and the “set reminder” node in ontology 334.


An actionable intent node, along with its linked property nodes, is sometimes described as a “domain.” In the present discussion, each domain is associated with a respective actionable intent, and refers to the group of nodes (and the relationships therebetween) associated with the particular actionable intent. For example, ontology 334 shown in FIG. 3C includes an example of a restaurant reservation domain 362 and an example of a reminder domain 364 within ontology 334. The restaurant reservation domain includes the actionable intent node “restaurant reservation,” property nodes “restaurant,” “date/time,” and “party size,” and sub-property nodes “cuisine,” “price range,” “phone number,” and “location.” Reminder domain 364 includes the actionable intent node “set reminder,” and property nodes “subject” and “date/time.” In some embodiments, ontology 334 is made up of many domains. Each domain optionally shares one or more property nodes with one or more other domains. For example, the “date/time” property node is optionally associated with many different domains (e.g., a scheduling domain, a travel reservation domain, a movie ticket domain, etc.), in addition to restaurant reservation domain 362 and reminder domain 364.


While FIG. 3C illustrates two example domains within ontology 334, other domains (or actionable intents) include, for example, “initiate a phone call,” “find directions,” “schedule a meeting,” “send a message,” and “provide an answer to a question,” and so on. A “send a message” domain is associated with a “send a message” actionable intent node, and optionally further includes property nodes such as “recipient(s),” “message type,” and “message body.” The property node “recipient” is optionally further defined, for example, by the sub-property nodes such as “recipient name” and “message address.”


In some embodiments, the ontology 334 includes all the domains (and hence actionable intents) that the digital assistant is capable of understanding and acting upon. In some embodiments, ontology 334 is optionally modified, such as by adding or removing entire domains or nodes, or by modifying relationships between the nodes within ontology 334.


In some embodiments, nodes associated with multiple related actionable intents are optionally clustered under a “super domain” in ontology 334. For example, a “travels” super domain optionally includes a cluster of property nodes and actionable intent nodes related to travel. The actionable intent nodes related to travel optionally include “airline reservation,” “hotel reservation,” “car rental,” “get directions,” “find points of interest,” and so on. The actionable intent nodes under the same super domain (e.g., the “travels” super domain) sometimes have many property nodes in common. For example, the actionable intent nodes for “airline reservation,” “hotel reservation,” “car rental,” “get directions,” “find points of interest” sometimes share one or more of the property nodes “start location,” “destination,” “departure date/time,” “arrival date/time,” and “party size.”


In some embodiments, each node in ontology 334 is associated with a set of words and/or phrases that are relevant to the property or actionable intent represented by the node. The respective set of words and/or phrases associated with each node is the so-called “vocabulary” associated with the node. The respective set of words and/or phrases associated with each node can be stored in vocabulary index 336 in association with the property or actionable intent represented by the node. For example, returning to FIG. 3B, the vocabulary associated with the node for the property of “restaurant” optionally includes words such as “food,” “drinks,” “cuisine,” “hungry,” “eat,” “pizza,” “fast food,” “meal,” and so on. For another example, the vocabulary associated with the node for the actionable intent of “initiate a phone call” optionally includes words and phrases such as “call,” “phone,” “dial,” “call this number,” “make a call to,” and so on. The vocabulary index 336, optionally, includes words and phrases in different languages.


Natural language processor 332 receives the token sequence (e.g., a text string) from speech-to-text processing module 330, and determines what nodes are implicated by the words in the token sequence. In some embodiments, if a word or phrase in the token sequence is found to be associated with one or more nodes in ontology 334 (via vocabulary index 336), the word or phrase will “trigger” or “activate” those nodes. Based on the quantity and/or relative importance of the activated nodes, natural language processor 332 will select one of the actionable intents as the task that the user intended the digital assistant to perform. In some embodiments, the domain that has the most “triggered” nodes is selected. In some embodiments, the domain having the highest confidence value (e.g., based on the relative importance of its various triggered nodes) is selected. In some embodiments, the domain is selected based on a combination of the number and the importance of the triggered nodes. In some embodiments, additional factors are considered in selecting the node as well, such as whether the digital assistant has previously correctly interpreted a similar request from a user.


In some embodiments, the digital assistant also stores names of specific entities in vocabulary index 336, so that when one of these names is detected in the user request, natural language processor 332 will be able to recognize that the name refers to a specific instance of a property or sub-property in the ontology. In some embodiments, the names of specific entities are names of businesses, restaurants, people, movies, and the like. In some embodiments, the digital assistant searches and identifies specific entity names from other data sources, such as the user's address book, a movies database, a musicians database, and/or a restaurant database. In some embodiments, when natural language processor 332 identifies that a word in the token sequence is a name of a specific entity (e.g., a name in the user's address book), that word is given additional significance in selecting the actionable intent within the ontology for the user request.


For example, when the words “Mr. Santo” are recognized in a user request and the last name “Santo” is found in vocabulary index 336 as one of the contacts in the user's address book, then it is likely that the user request corresponds to a “send a message” or an “initiate a phone call” domain. For another example, when the words “ABC Café” are found in a user request and the term “ABC Café” is found in the vocabulary index 336 as the name of a particular restaurant in the user's city, then it is likely that the user request corresponds to a “restaurant reservation” or a “find restaurants” domain.


User data 338 includes user-specific information, such as user-specific vocabulary, user preferences, user address or home location, user's default and secondary languages, user's address book, and other short-term or long-term information for each user. In some embodiments, natural language processor 332 uses the user-specific information to supplement the information contained in a user input to further define the user intent. For example, for a user request “invite my friends to my birthday party,” natural language processor 332 is able to access user data 338 to determine who the “friends” are and when and where the “birthday party” would be held, rather than requiring the user to provide such information explicitly in his/her request.


Other details of searching an ontology based on a token string is described in U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 12/341,743 for “Method and Apparatus for Searching Using An Active Ontology,” filed Dec. 22, 2008, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


In some embodiments, once natural language processor 332 identifies an actionable intent (or domain) based on the user request, natural language processor 332 generates a structured query to represent the identified actionable intent. In some embodiments, the structured query includes parameters for one or more nodes within the domain for the actionable intent, and at least some of the parameters are populated with the specific information and requirements specified in the user request. For example, the user states to the DA, “Make me a dinner reservation at a sushi place at 7.” In this case, natural language processor 332 may be able to correctly identify the actionable intent to be “restaurant reservation” based on the user input. According to the ontology, a structured query for a “restaurant reservation” domain optionally includes parameters such as {Cuisine}, {Time}, {Date}, {Party Size}, and the like. In some embodiments, based on the information contained in the user's utterance, natural language processor 332 generates a partial structured query for the restaurant reservation domain, where the partial structured query includes the parameters {Cuisine=“Sushi”} and {Time=“7 PM”}. In this example, the user's utterance, however, contains insufficient information to complete the structured query associated with the domain. Therefore, other necessary parameters such as {Party Size} and {Date} are not specified in the structured query based on the information currently available. In some embodiments, natural language processor 332 populates some parameters of the structured query with received context information. For example, in some embodiments, if the user requested a sushi restaurant “near me,” natural language processor 332 populates a {location} parameter in the structured query with GPS coordinates from user device 104.


In some embodiments, natural language processor 332 passes the structured query (including any completed parameters) to task flow processing module 342 (sometimes herein also called a “task flow processor”). Task flow processor 342 is configured to receive the structured query from natural language processor 332, complete the structured query, if necessary, and perform the actions required to “complete” the user's ultimate request. In some embodiments, the various procedures necessary to complete these tasks are provided in task flow models 344. In some embodiments, task flow models 344 include procedures for obtaining additional information from the user, and task flows for performing actions associated with the actionable intent.


As described above, in order to complete a structured query, task flow processor 342 sometimes needs to initiate additional dialogue with the user in order to obtain additional information, and/or disambiguate potentially ambiguous utterances. When such interactions are necessary, task flow processor 342 invokes dialogue processing module 340 (sometimes herein also called a “dialogue processor”) to engage in a dialogue with the user. In some embodiments, dialogue processor 340 determines how (and/or when) to ask the user for the additional information, and receives and processes the user responses. The questions are provided to and answers are received from the users through I/O processing module 328. In some embodiments, dialogue processor 340 presents dialogue output to the user via audio and/or visual output, and receives input from the user via spoken or physical (e.g., clicking) responses. Continuing with the example above, when task flow processor 342 invokes dialogue flow processor 340 to determine the “party size” and “date” information for the structured query associated with the domain “restaurant reservation,” dialogue flow processor 335 generates questions, such as “For how many people?” and “On which day?,” to pass to the user. Once answers are received from the user, the dialogue flow processor 340 can then populate the structured query with the missing information, or pass the information to task flow processor 342 to complete the missing information from the structured query.


Once task flow processor 342 has completed the structured query for an actionable intent, task flow processor 342 proceeds to perform the ultimate task associated with the actionable intent. Accordingly, task flow processor 342 executes the steps and instructions in the task flow model according to the specific parameters contained in the structured query. For example, the task flow model for the actionable intent of “restaurant reservation,” optionally, includes steps and instructions for contacting a restaurant and actually requesting a reservation for a particular party size at a particular time. For example, using a structured query, such as {restaurant reservation, restaurant=ABC Café, date=Mar. 12, 2012, time=7 PM, party size=5}, task flow processor 342, optionally, performs the steps of: (1) logging onto a server of the ABC Café or a restaurant reservation system such as OPENTABLE®; (2) entering the date, time, and party size information in a form on the website; (3) submitting the form; and (4) making a calendar entry for the reservation in the user's calendar.


In some embodiments, task flow processor 342 employs the assistance of a service processing module 346 (sometimes herein also called a “service processor”) to complete a task requested in the user input or to provide an informational answer requested in the user input. For example, service processor 346 can act on behalf of task flow processor 342 to make a phone call, set a calendar entry, invoke a map search, invoke or interact with other user applications installed on the user device, and invoke or interact with third party services (e.g., a restaurant reservation portal, a social networking website, a banking portal, etc.). In some embodiments, the protocols and application programming interfaces (API) required by each service can be specified by a respective service model among services models 348. Service processor 346 accesses the appropriate service model for a service and generates requests for the service in accordance with the protocols and APIs required by the service according to the service model.


For example, if a restaurant has enabled an online reservation service, the restaurant can submit a service model specifying the necessary parameters for making a reservation and the APIs for communicating the values of the necessary parameter to the online reservation service. When requested by task flow processor 342, service processor 346 can establish a network connection with the online reservation service using the web address stored in the service model, and send the necessary parameters of the reservation (e.g., time, date, party size) to the online reservation interface in a format according to the API of the online reservation service.


In some embodiments, natural language processor 332, dialogue processor 340, and task flow processor 342 are used collectively and iteratively to infer and define the user's intent, obtain information to further clarify and refine the user intent, and finally generate a response (e.g., an output to the user, or the completion of a task) to fulfill the user's intent.


In some embodiments, after all of the tasks needed to fulfill the user's request have been performed, digital assistant 326 formulates a confirmation response, and sends the response to the user through the I/O processing module 328. If the user request seeks an informational answer, the confirmation response presents the requested information to the user. In some embodiments, the digital assistant also requests the user to indicate whether the user is satisfied with the response produced by digital assistant 326.


In some embodiments, the digital assistant 326 includes a persistence module 350 with context history 352 and conversation history 354. The persistence module 350 is configured to enable conversation and/or context persistence across two or more non-continuous instances of a digital assistant. Persistence module 350 is discussed in more detail below with reference to FIG. 4.


More details on the digital assistant can be found in the U.S. utility application Ser. No. 12/987,982, entitled “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” filed Jan. 18, 2010, and also in U.S. utility Application No. 61/493,201, entitled “Generating and Processing Data Items That Represent Tasks to Perform,” filed Jun. 3, 2011, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.



FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a persistence module 350 included in digital assistant 326 in accordance with some embodiments. Persistence module 350 includes a digital assistant (DA) invocation module 410, a context persistence module 420, and a conversation persistence module 430. DA invocation module is configured to detect a user request to invoke the DA. For example, the detection of a long press on home button 509 of user device 104 or the reception of a predefined speech input (e.g., a speech input stating, “Hey, Siri”) invokes the DA.


More details on the audibly invoking a digital assistant are described in U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/762,260 , filed on Feb. 7, 2013, entitled “Voice Trigger for a Digital Assistant,” the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


Context persistence module 420 is configured to enable the persistence of contextual information across more than one instance of the DA. In some embodiments, context information from a previous instance (or session) of a DA user interface is used in intent inference by natural language processor 332 during a subsequent instance of the DA user interface. For example, while in a first instance of a DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “What is the weather in New York City?” In response to the user request, the DA indicates the current temperature and prevailing weather in New York City. Subsequently, the user leaves the first instance of the DA user interface, goes to a user interface different from the DA user interface (e.g., the home screen of the device, the lock screen of the device, or an application separate from the DA), and re-enters the DA user interface in a second instance of the DA user interface at a time following (or later than) exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. While in the second instance of the DA user interface, the user asks the DA, “What about in DC?” The DA is enabled to use contextual information corresponding to the dialogue between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface to answer the user's question in the second instance of the DA user interface. For example, the DA maintains the “weather” context while in the second instance of the DA user interface and responds to the user's request by visually and/or audibly presenting the current temperature and prevailing weather in Washington, D.C.


Context persistence module 420 includes context history 352 and a first condition module 422. Context history 352 is a short term, or cache, memory that stores contextual information from one or more previous instances of the DA. In some embodiments, context history 352 is separate from user log 356 and only stores contextual information related to dialogue between the DA and the user. In some embodiments, context history 352 is stored in DA-server 106 of server system 108 (e.g., in data 116 of DA-sever 106). First condition module 422 triggers the usage of contextual information stored in context history 352 in a second instance of a DA as long as a first predetermined condition is satisfied. In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is a context expiration time period (e.g., one minute). For example, contextual information from a first instance of a DA is used in a second instance of the DA as long as the second instance of the DA is invoked within one minute of leaving the first instance of the DA. In some embodiments, if the first predetermined condition is not satisfied (e.g., the content expiration time period expires), the contextual information related to the first instance of the DA is deleted from context history 352.


Conversation persistence module 430 is configured to enable the persistence of conversation (or dialogue) information across more than one instance of the DA. In some embodiments, conversation information including at least a portion of a transcript of a dialogue between a user and a DA in a previous instance of a DA user interface is available for display in a subsequent instance of the DA user interface. For example, while in a first instance of a DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “Show me nearby Pakistani restaurants,” and receives a list of six Pakistani restaurants within a ten mile radius of the user's current location. Subsequently, the user leaves the first instance of the DA user interface, goes to a user interface different from the DA user interface (e.g., the home screen of the device, the lock screen of the device, or an application separate from the DA), and re-enters the DA user interface in a second instance of the DA user interface. While in the second instance of the DA user interface, the list of six Pakistani restaurants is available for display. In some embodiments, a fraction of the previous dialogue between the user and the DA is displayed, or a peek through of the previous dialogue between the user and the DA is displayed under a partially transparent banner. In some embodiments, the remainder of the dialogue between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display by scrolling up while in the second instance of the DA user interface.


Conversation persistence module 430 includes conversation history 354 and a second condition module 432. Conversation history 354 is a short term, or cache, memory that stores conversation information including a transcript of a dialogue between the user and the DA from one or more previous instances of the DA. In some embodiments, conversation history 354 is a separate memory from context history 352. In some other embodiments, conversation history 354 and context history 352 are included in the same memory. In some embodiments, conversation history 354 is stored in DA-server 106 of server system 108 (e.g., in data 116 of DA-sever 106). Second condition module 432 triggers the usage of conversation information stored in conversation history 354 in a second instance of a DA as long as a second predetermined condition is satisfied. In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is a conversation expiration time period (e.g., eight minutes). For example, conversation information (e.g., a transcript of dialogue) from a first instance of a DA is available for display in a second instance of the DA as long as the second instance of the DA is invoked within eight minutes of leaving the first instance of the DA. In some embodiments, if the second predetermined condition is not satisfied (e.g., the conversation expiration time period expires), the conversation information related to the first instance of the DA is deleted from conversation history 354.


Although FIG. 4 does not explicitly show the communication interfaces between all components of digital assistant 326 in FIG. 3B, it is to be understood that the components shown in FIG. 4 are capable of communicating with other components of digital assistant 326 in FIG. 3B either directly or through one or more other interfaces, such as application programming interfaces (APIs), database query interfaces, and/or other interfaces, protocols, and/or communication channels.


Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) that are, optionally, implemented on user device 104.



FIGS. 5A-OO illustrate exemplary user interfaces for enabling context and/or conversation persistence. FIGS. 6A-D are flow diagrams illustrating a method of enabling context and/or conversation persistence. The user interfaces in FIGS. 5A-OO are used to illustrate the processes illustrated in FIGS. 6A-D.



FIGS. 5A-OO illustrate a user device 104 with a touch screen 246 configured to display a user interface 503 and to receive touch input, a proximity sensor 214, other sensors 216 (e.g., one or more accelerometers), optical sensor 222 (a component of camera subsystem 220), a speaker 228 configured to generate sound, and a microphone 230 configured to receive sound input (e.g., speech input). User device 104, optionally, includes one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button 509. Home button 509 is, optionally, used to navigate to a home screen or any application in a set of applications that are, optionally executed on user device 104. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the home button is implemented as a soft key (e.g., a user interface object, sometimes herein called an affordance, or user interface affordance) in a user interface displayed on touch screen 246.



FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on user device 104 in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface 503 includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:

    • Signal strength indicator(s) 502a for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;
    • Current time indicator 502b;
    • Battery status indicator 502c;
    • Tray 508 with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
      • Icon 506a for a telephone module, labeled “Phone”;
      • Icon 506b for an e-mail client module, labeled “Mail”;
      • Icon 506c for a video and music player module, labeled “Music”; and
      • Icon 506d for an Internet browser module, labeled “Browser.”
    • Icons for other applications, such as:
      • Icon 504a for a messages module, which provides access to SMS and MMS messages, labeled “Messages”;
      • Icon 504b for a calendar module, labeled “Calendar”;
      • Icon 504c for an image management module, labeled “Photos”;
      • Icon 504d for a camera module, labeled “Camera”;
      • Icon 504e for a stocks widget, labeled “Stocks”;
      • Icon 504f for a map module, labeled “Maps”;
      • Icon 504g for a weather widget, labeled “Weather”;
      • Icon 504h for a settings application or module, which provides access to settings for user device 104, labeled “Settings”;
      • Icon 504i for a utilities module, which provides access to one or more utility applications, labeled “Utilities”; and
      • Icon 504j for an application store module, which provides access to a marketplace for applications, labeled “App Store.”


It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in FIG. 5A are merely exemplary. For example, icon 506c for the video and music player module is labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon.



FIG. 5A illustrates user device 104 displaying user interface 503 on touch screen 246 with a plurality of application icons 504 and tray icons 506 in tray 508. FIG. 5A further illustrates detecting a user touch input 510 over home button 509.



FIG. 5B illustrates invoking a first instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 510 over home button 509 in FIG. 5A. In some embodiments, a long press is a stationary touch contact held for more than a predetermined amount of time (e.g., 500 ms, 750 ms, 1 second, etc.). In response to invoking the DA, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” The DA's question is also transcribed in user interface 503. FIG. 5B further illustrates a digital assistant (DA) button 512. In some embodiments, DA button 512 is implemented as a soft key (e.g., a user interface object) in user interface 503. In some embodiments, in response to detecting a touch input over DA button 512, user device 104 is configured to activate (e.g., turn microphone 230 on) and enable the DA to receive an additional question. For example, in response to the DA's prompt, the user asks the DA, “What's the temperature in Palo Alto?”



FIG. 5C illustrates the DA's response to the user's question within a DA user interface. The DA responds to the user's question by stating, “It's currently 77° in Palo Alto,” which is transcribed in box 513a. The DA also displays a weather outlook 513b for the next twenty hour hours, three days, week, or the like. FIG. 5C further illustrates detecting a downward dragging gesture of user touch input 511 from position 511a to 511b.



FIG. 5D illustrates scrolling up a transcription (e.g., a speech to text transcription) of the current dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA within the DA user interface in response to detecting the downward dragging gesture in FIG. 5C. FIG. 5D shows a transcription of the user's question in box 514 and a partially displayed transcription of the DA's prompt in box 515. FIG. 5D further illustrates detecting a downward dragging gesture of user touch input 511 from position 511b to 511c.



FIG. 5E illustrates scrolling to the top of the transcription of the current dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA within the DA user interface in response to detecting the downward dragging gesture in FIG. 5D. FIG. 5E shows box 515 fully displayed in user interface 503. FIG. 5E further illustrates detecting a user touch input 516 over DA button 512. In response to user touch input 516 over DA button 512, the DA is activated (e.g., microphone 230 is turned on) and enabled to receive an additional question or request from the user. For example, after user device 104 detects touch input 516, the user asks the DA, “Show me nearby restaurants.”



FIG. 5F illustrates the DA's response to the user's request within the DA user interface. The DA responds to the user's request by stating, “I found fifteen restaurants . . . Fourteen of them are fairly close to you,” which is transcribed in box 516. The DA also displays a list 517 of fourteen restaurants nearby the user's current location including information container 517a pertaining to restaurant 1, information container 517b pertaining to restaurant 2, and information container 517c pertaining to restaurant 3. FIG. 5C further illustrates detecting a user touch input 518 over information container 517a pertaining to restaurant 1.



FIG. 5G illustrates displaying a break out of detailed information 519 related to “Restaurant 1” within the DA user interface. Detailed information 519 is displayed in response to detecting touch input 518 over the information container 517a pertaining to “Restaurant 1” in FIG. 5F. Detailed information 519 optionally includes one or more of: photos of Restaurant 1, Restaurant 1's hours of operation, Restaurant 1's phone number and website, the distance from the user's current location to Restaurant 1, and a map marking Restaurant 1's location relative to the user's current location. FIG. 5G shows “restaurants” button 520a configured to take the user back to list 517 of restaurants and “done” button 520b configured to exit the DA user interface and take the user to a home screen (e.g., done button 520b functions similarly to home button 509). FIG. 5G further illustrates detecting a user touch input 521 over restaurants button 520a.


More details on the display of related information within an instance of a DA user interface are described in U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/657,736 , filed on Jun. 8, 2012, entitled “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.



FIG. 5H illustrates displaying the transcription of the current dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA in response to detecting user touch input 521 over restaurants button 520a in FIG. 5G. The displayed transcription includes the same information as in FIG. 5F. FIG. 5H further illustrates detecting user touch input 522 over DA button 512. In response to user touch input 522 over DA button 512, the DA is activated and enabled to receive an additional question or request from the user. For example, after user device 104 detects touch input 522, the user asks the DA, “What's the temperature in Charleston S.C.”



FIG. 5I illustrates the DA's response to the user's request, which is transcribed in box 523, within the DA user interface. The DA responds to the user's request by stating, “It's currently 80° in Charleston, S.C.,” which is transcribed in box 524. FIG. 5I further illustrates detecting a user touch input 525 over home button 509.



FIG. 5J illustrates displaying a user interface (e.g., a home screen) different from the DA user interface in response to detecting user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. FIG. 5J further illustrates detecting a user touch input 526 over home button 509.



FIG. 5K illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5K further illustrates a context expiration timer 527 and a conversation expiration timer 528. In some implementations, context expiration timer 527 is a sixty second timer that starts upon the user exiting the DA user interface. In some other implementations, context expiration timer 527 is a predetermined duration (e.g., 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc. minutes) or a user defined duration. If the user invokes a subsequent instance of the DA within sixty seconds of exiting the DA user interface (or, more generally, before context expiration timer 527 expires), contextual information from the previous instance of the DA is enabled for use by the natural language processor for intent inference in the subsequent instance of the DA. If the user does not invoke a subsequent instance of the DA before context expiration timer 527 expires, contextual information from the previous instance of the DA is deleted from a context history memory.


In some implementations, conversation expiration timer 528 is an eight minute timer that starts upon the user exiting the DA user interface. In some other implementations, conversation expiration timer 528 is a predetermined duration (e.g., 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc. minutes) or a user defined duration. If the user invokes a subsequent instance of the DA within eight minutes second of exiting the DA user interface (or, more generally, before conversation expiration timer 528 expires), a portion of the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA is available for display in the subsequent instance of the DA user interface. If the user does not invoke a subsequent instance of the DA before conversation expiration timer 528 expires (e.g., within eight minutes second of exiting the DA user interface), the aforementioned portion of the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA is not available for display in the subsequent instance of the DA user interface.



FIG. 5K further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs, in this example, approximately thirty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to detecting user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, neither context expiration timer 527 nor conversation expiration timer 528 has expired, and both context and conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface. In response to invoking the second instance of the DA, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” For example, in response to the prompt, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?”



FIG. 5L illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment including a scrollable transcript where at least a portion of the dialogue (or conversation) from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display. FIG. 5L further illustrates the response to the user's question, which is transcribed in box 530, within the second instance of the DA user interface. The DA responds to the user's question by stating that, “It's currently 65° in Paris France,” which is transcribed in box 530a. The DA responds to the user's question with the aid of contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., weather context). Furthermore, a transcription of the DA's prompt is displayed in box 529, and a portion of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is partially displayed in box 524. FIG. 5L further illustrates detecting a downward dragging gesture (sometimes also herein called a “swipe gesture”) of user touch input 531 from position 531a to 531b.



FIG. 5M illustrates scrolling down a transcription (e.g., a speech to text transcription) of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA within the second instance of the DA user interface in response to detecting the downward dragging gesture detected in FIG. 5L. The displayed transcription includes dialogue from the current (second) instance of the DA user interface and dialogue from the previous (first) instance of the DA user interface. The displayed transcription includes the dialogue from the second instance of the DA user interface displayed in FIG. 5L. In box 524, the displayed transcription includes the user's question from the first instance of the DA user interface, “What's the temperature in Charleston S.C. ?” In box 523, the displayed transcription also includes the DA's response, “It's currently 80° in Charleston, S.C.,” to the user's question. The displayed transcription further includes the list 517 of restaurants from the first instance of the DA user interface including information container 517n pertaining to Restaurant 14 and a portion of information container 517m pertaining to Restaurant 13.



FIG. 5N illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in another embodiment including a collapsible directory structure for a transcript of a dialogue between the user and the DA. In some embodiments, the directory structure divides question and answer pairs from the transcript into respective partitions. In some other embodiments, the directory structure divides the transcript into similar topics. FIG. 5N shows the dialogue from the first and second instances of the DA user interface divided into a dining topic 532 and a weather topic 533.


As shown in FIG. 5N, dining topic 532 is currently minimized (or collapsed), and button 534 is configured to maximize dining topic 532 so as to show at least a portion of the dialogue corresponding to the dining topic 532. Weather topic 533 is currently maximized and displays at least a portion of the dialogue related to weather from the first and second instances of the DA user interface. Button 535 is configured to minimize weather topic 533 so as to cease displaying the portion of the dialogue related to weather from the first and second instances of the DA user interface. FIG. 5N further illustrates detecting a user touch input 536 over button 535. Each user interface button is sometimes herein called an affordance, or user interface affordance, or user interface objection.



FIG. 5O illustrates minimizing weather topic 533 in response to detecting user touch input 536 over button 535 in FIG. 5N. FIG. 5O further illustrates detecting a user touch input 537 over DA button 512. In response to user touch input 537 over DA button 512, the DA is activated (e.g., microphone 230 is turned on) and enabled to receive an additional question or request from the user. For example, after user device 104 detects touch input 5137, the user asks the DA, “What about in Munich?”


In some embodiments, if a respective topic is minimized within the collapsible directory structure, contextual information for portions of the dialogue related to the respective topic are excluded from context history. In turn, the excluded contextual information is not used in intent inference by natural language processor 332 when the DA is attempting to respond to a user's question or request.



FIG. 5P illustrates the DA's response to the user's question, which is transcribed in box 538, within the second instance of the DA user interface. The DA responds to the user's request by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about Munich’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 540 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Munich.’ In FIG. 5P, the DA does not infer that the user's question “What about in Munich?” refers to weather because contextual information related to weather topic 533 has been excluded from the context history.



FIG. 5Q illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5Q further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs, in this example, approximately two minutes (e.g., conversation expiration timer 528 is at the two minute marker) after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, context expiration timer 527 has expired, and only conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface. In response to invoking the second instance of the DA, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” For example, in response to the prompt, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?”



FIG. 5R illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment where a transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display. FIG. 5R also illustrates “see older” button 541 displayed in user interface 503. “See older” button 541 is configured to display at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface. A transcription of dialogue from the second instance of the DA user interface is displayed below “see older” button 541. The transcription of dialogue from the second instance of the DA user interface includes the DA's prompt displayed in box 542, the user's question displayed in box 543, and the DA's response displayed in box 544.


As transcribed in box 544, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 545 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’ In FIG. 5R, the DA does not infer that the user's question, transcribed in box 543, refers to weather because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been deleted from the context history due to context expiration timer expiring prior to invocation of the second instance of the DA. FIG. 5R further illustrates detecting user touch input 546 over “see older” button 541.



FIG. 5S illustrates displaying, in the second instance of the DA user interface, at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in response detecting to user touch input 546 over “see older” button 541 in FIG. 5R. The displayed transcription includes dialogue from the current (second) instance of the DA user interface and dialogue from the previous (first) instance of the DA user interface. The displayed transcription includes the dialogue from the second instance of the DA user interface displayed in FIG. 5R. The displayed transcription includes the user's question “What's the temperature in Charleston S.C.?” and the DA's response “It's currently 80° in Charleston, S.C.” from the first instance of the DA user interface. The displayed transcription further includes list 517 of restaurants from the first instance of the DA user interface including information container 517n pertaining to Restaurant 14.



FIG. 5T illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5T further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs more than eight minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, both context expiration timer 527 and conversation expiration timer 528 have expired, and neither context nor conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface. In response to invoking the second instance of the DA, after the expiration of both context expiration timer 527 and conversation expiration timer 528, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” For example, in response to the prompt, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?”



FIG. 5U illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment where a transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is not available for display. As transcribed in box 549, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays “search the web” button 550 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’ In FIG. 5U, the DA does not infer that the user's question, transcribed in box 548, refers to weather because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been deleted from the context history due to context expiration timer 527 expiring prior to the invocation of the second instance of the DA. FIG. 5U further illustrates detecting a downward dragging gesture of user touch input 551 from position 551a to 551b.



FIG. 5V illustrates scrolling up user interface 503 in response to detecting the downward dragging gesture in FIG. 5U. A portion of the transcript from the first instance of the DA user interface is not available for display even after scrolling upwards because the conversation expiration timer 528 expired before the second instance of the DA was invoked.



FIG. 5W illustrates displaying a user interface (e.g., a lock screen) different from the DA user interface. FIG. 5W further illustrates detecting a user touch input 552 over home button 509.



FIG. 5X illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 552 over home button 509 in FIG. 5W. FIG. 5X further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs, in this example, approximately thirty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. In some embodiments, while user device 104 is locked, neither context nor conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface even when neither the context expiration timer 527 nor the conversation expiration timer have expired. In response to invoking the second instance of the DA, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” For example, in response to the prompt, the user asks the DA, “What about in Budapest?”



FIG. 5Y illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment where a transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is not available for display. As transcribed in box 555, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Budapest’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays “search the web” button 556 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Budapest.’ In FIG. 5Y, the DA does not infer that the user's question, transcribed in box 554, refers to weather because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface is excluded from context history while user device 104 is locked. FIG. 5Y further illustrates detecting a user touch input 557 over home button 509.



FIG. 5Z illustrates displaying a user interface (e.g., a lock screen) different from the DA user interface in response to detecting the user touch input 557 over home button 509 in FIG. 5Y. FIG. 5Z further illustrates detecting a horizontal dragging gesture of user touch input 558 from position 558a to 558b so as to unlock user device 104.



FIG. 5AA illustrates displaying a user interface (e.g., an unlocked home screen) different from the DA user interface in response to detecting the horizontal dragging gesture in FIG. 5Z. FIG. 5AA further illustrates detecting a user touch input 559 over home button 509.



FIG. 5BB illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 559 over home button 509 in FIG. 5AA. FIG. 5BB further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs approximately fifty seconds (e.g., context expiration timer 527 is at approximately the fifty seconds marker) after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, neither context expiration timer 527 nor conversation expiration timer 528 has expired, and both context and conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface. In response to invoking the second instance of the DA, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” For example, in response to the prompt, the user asks the DA, “What about in Budapest?”



FIG. 5CC illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment including a scrollable transcript where at least a portion of the dialogue (or conversation) from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display. FIG. 5CC also illustrates the response to the user's question, which is transcribed in box 561, within the second instance of the DA user interface. As transcribed in box 562, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “It's currently 70° in Budapest.” The DA responds to the user's question with the aid of contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., weather context). FIG. 5CC further illustrates partially displaying a portion of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface in box 524.



FIG. 5DD illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response detecting to the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5DD further illustrates a conversation expiration timer 528. In some embodiments, conversation expiration timer 528 is a predetermined time period (e.g., 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 minutes, etc.) or a user defined time period. In one implementation, conversation expiration timer 528 is an eight minute timer that starts upon the user exiting the DA user interface. If the user invokes a subsequent instance of the DA within eight minutes second of exiting the DA user interface (or, more generally, before conversation expiration timer 528 expires), a portion of the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA is available for display in the subsequent instance of the DA user interface. If the user does not invoke a subsequent instance of the DA before conversation expiration timer 528 expires (e.g., within eight minutes second of exiting the DA user interface), the aforementioned portion of the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA is not available for display in the subsequent instance of the DA user interface. In addition, if the user does not invoke a subsequent instance of the DA before conversation expiration timer 528 expires, user device 104 deletes stored contextual information corresponding to the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA from context history.



FIG. 5DD illustrates a prophetic example in which the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs, in this example, approximately two minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, conversation expiration timer 528 has not expired, and conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface. Furthermore, FIG. 5DD illustrates partially displaying a portion of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface in box 524, and a transcription of the DA's prompt is displayed in box 563 (e.g., “What can I help you with?”). In response to invoking the second instance of the DA, the DA audibly prompts the user by asking, “What can I help you with?” For example, in response to the prompt, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?” In some embodiments, portions of the home screen that are visible when the DA user interface is displayed in user interface 503 are blurred, shaded, or otherwise made visually less distinct. For example, in FIG. 5DD, a portion of the home screen (e.g., including application icons 504a, 504b, 504c, 504d, 504e, 504f, 504g, 504h, 504i, 504j and tray icons 506a, 506b, 506c, 506d) is partially displayed or blurred beneath the second instance of the DA user interface in user interface 503.



FIG. 5EE illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment where a transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display. As transcribed in box 565 of FIG. 5EE, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 545 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’


In some embodiments, contextual information from the first instance of the digital user interface is invoked when at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface is displayed in user interface 503 on touch screen 112 in response to a user action (e.g., a tap or swipe gesture on touch screen 112). In FIG. 5EE, the DA does not infer that the user's query, transcribed in box 564, refers to weather when responding to the user's query because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has not been invoked at or before receiving user query 564. The DA does not invoke contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 564 because user device 104 has not detected a user action (e.g., a tap or swipe gesture on touch screen 112) to display at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface at or before receiving user query 564. FIG. 5EE further illustrates detecting a downward dragging gesture (sometimes also called a “swipe gesture”) of user touch input 567 from position 567a to 567b on touch screen 112.



FIG. 5FF illustrates scrolling down a transcription (e.g., a speech to text transcription) of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA within the second instance of the DA user interface in response to detecting the downward dragging gesture detected in FIG. 5EE. The transcription displayed in FIG. 5FF includes dialogue from the current (second) instance of the DA user interface and dialogue from the previous (first) instance of the DA user interface. The transcription displayed in FIG. 5FF includes the dialogue from the second instance of the DA user interface (e.g., the DA's prompt 563, user query 564, and the DA's response 565, 566). In box 523, the transcription displayed in FIG. 5FF includes the user's question from the first instance of the DA user interface, “What's the temperature in Charleston S.C. ?” In box 524, the transcription displayed in FIG. 5FF also includes the DA's response, “It's currently 80° in Charleston, S.C.,” to the user's question in the first instance of the DA user interface.



FIG. 5FF further illustrates detecting a user touch input 568 over DA button 512 on touch screen 112. In response to user touch input 568 over DA button 512, the DA is activated (e.g., microphone 230 is turned on) and enabled to receive an additional question (also sometimes herein called a “query”) or request from the user. For example, after user device 104 detects user touch input 568, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris?”



FIG. 5GG illustrates the DA's response to the user's query within the DA user interface. In FIG. 5GG, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “It's currently 65° in Paris France,” which is transcribed in box 670. In FIG. 5GG, the DA infers that the user's query, transcribed in box 569, refers to weather when responding to the user's query because the contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been invoked at or before receiving user query 569. The DA invokes contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 569 because user device 104 has detected a user action (e.g., the dragging gesture detected in FIG. 5EE) to display at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., user query 523 and the DA's response 524 to the user query 523) at or before receiving user query 569.



FIG. 5HH illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5HH also illustrates a conversation expiration timer 528. In some implementations, conversation expiration timer 528 is an eight minute timer that starts upon the user exiting the DA user interface. FIG. 5HH further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs, in this example, approximately two minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, conversation expiration timer 528 has not expired, and conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface.



FIG. 5HH also illustrates displaying “see older” button 572 within the DA user interface. “See older” button 572 is configured to display at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface. FIG. 5HH also illustrates detecting user touch input 573 over “see older” button 572 on touch screen 112. Furthermore, in FIG. 5HH, a portion of the home screen (e.g., including application icons 504a, 504b, 504c, 504d, 504e, 504f, 504g, 504h, 504i, 504j and tray icons 506a, 506b, 506c, 506d) is partially displayed or blurred beneath the second instance of the DA user interface in user interface 503.



FIG. 5II illustrates displaying, in the second instance of the DA user interface, at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in response to detecting user touch input 573 over “see older” button 572 in FIG. 5HH. The transcription displayed in FIG. 5II includes dialogue from the current (second) instance of the DA user interface and dialogue from the previous (first) instance of the DA user interface. The transcription displayed in FIG. 5II includes the dialogue from the second instance of the DA user interface displayed (e.g., the DA's prompt “What can I help you with” transcribed in box 571). The transcription displayed in FIG. 5II also includes the user's query (transcribed in box 523) and the DA's response (transcribed in box 524) to user query 523 from the first instance of the DA user interface.



FIG. 5II further illustrates detecting user touch input 574 over DA button 512. In response to user touch input 574 over DA button 512, the DA is activated (e.g., microphone 230 is turned on) and enabled to receive an additional query or request from the user. For example, after user device 104 detects user touch input 574, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris?”



FIG. 5JJ illustrates the DA's response to the user's query within the DA user interface. In FIG. 5JJ, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “It's currently 65° in Paris France,” which is transcribed in box 576. In FIG. 5JJ, the DA infers that the user's query, transcribed in box 576, refers to weather when responding to the user's query because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been invoked at or before receiving user query 576. The DA invokes contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 576 because user device 104 has detected a user action (e.g., user touch input 573 detected over “see older” button 572 in FIG. 5HH) to display at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., user query 523 and DA response 524) at or before receiving user query 576. FIG. 5JJ further illustrates detecting an upward dragging gesture (sometimes also called a “swipe gesture”) of user touch input 577 from position 577a to 577b on touch screen 112.



FIG. 5KK illustrates ceasing to display the portion of the transcription (e.g., boxes 523 and 524) of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface in the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the upward dragging gesture in FIG. 5JJ. In some embodiments, conversation information (or the transcription of the dialogue) from the first instance of the DA user interface is deleted (or excluded) from conversation history 354 in response to detecting an upward dragging gesture that scrolls displayed portions of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface off of user interface 503. Furthermore, in some embodiments, context information from the first instance of the DA user interface is deleted (or excluded) from context history 352 in response to detecting an upward dragging gesture that scrolls displayed portions of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface off of user interface 503.



FIG. 5KK further illustrates detecting a user touch input 578 over DA button 512 on touch screen 112. In response to user touch input 578 over DA button 512, the DA is activated (e.g., microphone 230 is turned on) and enabled to receive an additional question (also sometimes herein called a “query”) or request from the user. For example, after user device 104 detects user touch input 578, the user asks the DA, “What about in London?”



FIG. 5LL illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment where conversation and context information from the first instance of the DA has been deleted or excluded from conversation history 354 and context history 352, respectively. As transcribed in box 580 of FIG. 5LL, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in London?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 581 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in London.’


In FIG. 5LL, the DA does not infer that the user's query, transcribed in box 579, refers to weather when responding to the user's query because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been deleted (or excluded) from context history 352 at or before receiving user query 579. The DA does not invoke contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 579 because user device 104 detected a user action in FIG. 5JJ (e.g., the upward swipe gesture with user touch input 577) to cease to display the first dialogue (e.g., boxes 523 and 524) between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface at or before receiving user query 579.



FIG. 5MM illustrates invoking a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5MM also illustrates a conversation expiration timer 528. In some implementations, conversation expiration timer 528 is an eight minute timer that starts upon the user exiting the DA user interface. FIG. 5MM further illustrates that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) occurs, in this example, approximately two minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, conversation expiration timer 528 has not expired, and conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface. Furthermore, FIG. 5MM illustrates partially displaying a portion of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface in box 524, and a transcription of the DA's prompt is displayed in box 582 (e.g., “What can I help you with?”).



FIG. 5MM further illustrates detecting an upward dragging gesture (sometimes also called a “swipe gesture”) of user touch input 583 from position 583a to 583b on touch screen 112. Furthermore, in FIG. 5MM, a portion of the home screen (e.g., including application icons 504a, 504b, 504c, 504d, 504e, 504f, 504g, 504h, 504i, 504j and tray icons 506a, 506b, 506c, 506d) is partially displayed or blurred beneath the second instance of the DA user interface in user interface 503.



FIG. 5NN illustrates ceasing to display any portion of the transcription (e.g., box 524) of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface in the second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to detecting the upward dragging gesture in FIG. 5MM. In some embodiments, conversation information (or the transcription of the dialogue) from the first instance of the DA user interface is deleted (or excluded) from conversation history 354 in response to detecting an upward dragging gesture that scrolls displayed portions of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface off of user interface 503. Furthermore, in some embodiments, context information from the first instance of the DA user interface is deleted (or excluded) from context history 352 in response to detecting an upward dragging gesture that scrolls displayed portions of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface off of user interface 503. For example, in response to the prompt transcribed in box 582, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?”



FIG. 5OO illustrates the second instance of the DA user interface in an embodiment where the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA has been deleted or excluded from conversation history 354 and has ceased to be displayed. As transcribed in box 585 of FIG. 5OO, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 586 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’


In FIG. 5OO, the DA does not infer that the user's query, transcribed in box 584, refers to weather when responding to the user's query because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been deleted (or excluded) from context history 352 at or before receiving user query 584. The DA does not invoke contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 584 because user device 104 has not detected a user action (e.g., a tap or swipe gesture on touch screen 112) to display at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface at or before receiving user query 584. Instead, user device 104 detected a user action in FIG. 5MM (e.g., the upward swipe gesture with user touch input 583) to cease to display the first dialogue (e.g., box 524) between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface at or before receiving user query 584.



FIGS. 6A-D illustrate a flow diagram of a method 600 of operating a digital assistant in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, method 600 is performed at an electronic device (e.g., user device 104) including a display, one or more processors and memory (e.g., a respective DA-client 102 or DA-server 106). In some embodiments, portions of method are performed at the electronic device (e.g., a respective DA-client 102), while other portions are performed at a server (e.g., DA-server 106). In some embodiments, method 600 is performed at the digital assistant 326 illustrated in FIGS. 3A-B and 4. In some embodiments, method 600 is governed by a set of instructions stored in memory (e.g., a non-transitory computer readable storage media) that are executed by the one or more processors of the electronic device.


In some embodiments, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, the electronic device: detects (602) a prior request to invoke the digital assistant; detects a speech input; and provides a transcription of the speech input, where the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input. FIGS. 5A-B, for example, show a user invoking a first instance of a digital assistant (DA) in response to a long press with user touch input 510 over home button 509 of user device 104. FIGS. 5B-D, for example, show user device 104 detecting a speech input from a user asking “What's the temperature in Palo Alto?” and converting said speech input to text for display in box 514 of FIG. 5D. FIG. 5E, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a transcription of a dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA in boxes 515, 514, and 513a.


The electronic device displays (604) a first dialogue (e.g., a transcription of interactions between the user of user device 104 and the DA) in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface. In some embodiments, a user interface is an application environment. In some embodiments, the DA user interface occupies the entirety of touch screen 246 of user device 104. FIG. 5E, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a transcription of a dialogue between the user and the DA in boxes 515, 514, and 513a displayed in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface.


In response to a request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the electronic device displays (606) the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface. FIG. 5J, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a user interface (e.g., a home screen) different from the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. In some embodiments, the user interface different from DA user interface occupies the entirety of touch screen 246 of user device 104.


In some embodiments, in response to the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the electronic device ceases (608) to display the digital assistant user interface (e.g., all vestiges of the DA user interface are removed from touch screen 246). FIG. 5J, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a user interface (e.g., a home screen) different from the DA user interface where no portion of the first instance of the DA user interface from FIGS. 5C-I remains on touch screen 246.


In some embodiments, the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds (610) to a user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface (e.g., the user touches or clicks the home button). FIG. 5J, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a user interface (e.g., a home screen) different from the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I.


In some embodiments, the user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds (612) to a request to launch an application.


In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface does not correspond (614) to the digital assistant (e.g., the user interface different from the DA user interface is not suggested or linked by the DA). In FIG. 5J, for example, the home screen does not correspond to the digital assistant. In contrast, in FIG. 5G, the break out of detailed information 519 related to Restaurant 1, for example, corresponds to the DA because Restaurant 1 was suggested by the DA in FIG. 5F. Furthermore, the break out of detailed information 519 is displayed in response to user input 518 over information container 517a in FIG. 5F.


In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface is associated with (616) an application distinct from the digital assistant (e.g., a programmatic boundary is crossed). For example, in response to user input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I, user device 104 ceases to display the DA user interface and displays the home screen in user interface 503 in FIG. 5J.


In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the electronic device displays (618) a second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In some embodiments, the second instance of the DA user interface is displayed at a time following (or later than) exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. For example, in response to the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J, user device 104 displays (as shown in FIG. 5L) a second instance of the DA user interface with scrollable a transcript where at least a portion of the dialogue (or conversation) from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display. In FIG. 5L, a portion of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is partially displayed in box 524. For example, in FIG. 5M, a further portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface is displayed in response to the dragging gesture illustrated in FIG. 5L.


In some embodiments, the electronic device (620): stores context data (sometimes herein called “contextual information” or “context information”) associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determines whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, uses the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. For example, while in the first instance of the DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “What's the weather in New York City,” receives a response, and exits the first instance of the DA user interface. Thereafter, the user invokes a second instance of the DA and asks the DA, “How about in San Francisco.” In this example, the DA stores the weather topic (or context) from the first instance of the DA user interface in the DA's context history for the user and utilizes the weather context in the context history when responding to the user's question in the second instance of the DA user interface as long as the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a first predetermined condition.


In another example, while in the first instance of the DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “What is the weather in New York City,” receives a response, and exits the first instance of the DA user interface. Thereafter, the user invokes a second instance of the DA and asks the DA, “Show me pizzerias.” In this example, the DA stores the geographic (e.g., New York City) context from the first instance of the DA user interface in the DA's context history for the user and utilizes the geographic context in the context history when responding to the user's question in the second instance of the DA user interface as long as the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a first predetermined condition.


In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is satisfied (622) when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period. For example, while in the first instance of the DA user interface, user device 104 stores contextual information corresponding to the dialogue related to the weather context displayed in FIG. 5I. Then, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in FIG. 5J), user device 104 displays a second instance of the DA user interface in FIG. 5K. FIG. 5K, for example, shows the device determining whether the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a predetermined context expiration time period. In some embodiments, the predetermined context expiration time period is satisfied when the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurs within sixty seconds of exiting the first instance of the DA. For example, in FIG. 5K, context expiration timer 527 shows that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred approximately thirty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface.


In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?” FIG. 5L, for example, shows the DA's response to the user's question stating, “It's currently 65° in Paris France.” The DA responds to the user's question with the aid of contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., weather topic or context).


In some embodiments, the electronic device deletes (624) the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period. In some embodiments, the predetermined context expiration time period expires about sixty seconds after the user device exits the first instance of the DA. For example, in FIG. 5Q, context expiration timer 527 indicates that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred more than sixty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface.


In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?” FIG. 5R, for example, shows the DA responding to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” and displaying “search the web” button 545 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’ In FIG. 5R, the DA does not infer that the user's question “What about in Paris France?” refers to weather because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been deleted from the context history due to the context expiration timer expiring prior to the invocation of the second instance of the DA.


In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is not satisfied (626) when the electronic device is locked. In some embodiments, contextual information from a previous instance of a DA user interface does not persist when the device is locked. Even though the DA can be accessed while the device is locked, context and conversation information does not persist from a previous instance of the DA user interface. Typically, this is for security or privacy reasons because a user of user device 104 may not want context or conversation information from a previous instance of the DA user interface to be available to a third party who cannot unlock user device 104.



FIG. 5W, for example, shows a user invoking the DA while user device 104 is in a locked mode. Then, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 552 in FIG. 5W), user device 104 displays a second instance of the DA user interface in FIG. 5X. FIG. 5X, for example, shows the device determining whether the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a first predetermined condition. For example, in FIG. 5X, context expiration timer 527 shows that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred approximately thirty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA “What about in Budapest?” FIG. 5Y, for example, shows the DA responding to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Budapest’?” and displaying “search the web” button 556, which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Budapest.’ In FIG. 5Y, the DA does not infer that the user's question “What about in Budapest?” refers to weather because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been excluded from the context history because the second instance of the DA was invoked while user device 104 was in the locked mode.


In some embodiments, the electronic device (628): determines whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a second predetermined condition; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the second predetermined condition, displays the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the second predetermined condition, displays the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without making the first dialogue available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In a first example, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in FIG. 5J), user device 104 displays a second instance of the DA user interface in FIG. 5Q. FIG. 5Q, for example, shows the user device 104 determining whether the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a second predetermined condition. In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurs within eight minutes of exiting the first instance of the DA. In FIG. 5Q, conversation expiration timer 528 indicates that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred approximately two minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. FIG. 5R, for example, shows user device 104 displaying the second instance of the DA user interface including “see older” button 541 configured to display at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in accordance with the determination that the second predetermined condition is satisfied.


In a second example, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in FIG. 5J), user device 104 displays a second instance of the DA user interface in FIG. 5T. FIG. 5T, for example, shows the user device 104 determining whether the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a second predetermined condition (e.g., an eight minute time period). In FIG. 5T, conversation expiration timer 528 indicates that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred more than eight minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. FIG. 5T, for example, shows user device 104 displaying the second instance of the DA user interface where a transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is not available for display.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied (630) when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined conversation expiration time period. In some embodiments, the conversation expiration time period begins once the user exits the first instance of the DA user interface. In some embodiments, the conversation expiration time period is a predetermined amount of time (e.g., 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, or 30 minutes). Typically, the conversation expiration time period is 8 minutes. In some other embodiments, the conversation expiration time period is a user defined time period.


In some embodiments, the electronic device (632): stores context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determines whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition, where the first predetermined condition is satisfied if the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, uses the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and deletes the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period, where the predetermined context expiration time period is shorter than the predetermined dialogue expiration time period. In some embodiments, the displayed dialogue is not tied to the context data stored in a context history (e.g., stored on a remote server). Typically, the context expiration time period is sixty seconds and the conversation expiration time period is eight minutes.


In one example, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in FIG. 5J), user device 104 displays a second instance of the DA user interface in FIG. 5Q. FIG. 5Q, for example, shows the user device 104 determining whether the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a predetermined context expiration time period and a predetermined conversation expiration time period. For example, the predetermined context expiration time period is satisfied when the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurs within sixty seconds of exiting the first instance of the DA user interface, and the predetermined conversation expiration time period is satisfied when the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurs within eight minutes of exiting the first instance of the DA user interface In FIG. 5Q, context expiration time 527 indicates that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred more than sixty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface, and conversation expiration timer 528 indicates that the request to invoke the second instance of the DA occurred approximately two minutes after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface.


In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA “What about in Paris France?” FIG. 5R, for example, shows the DA responding to the user's question by stating “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” and displaying “search the web” button 545 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’ In FIG. 5R, the DA does not infer that the user's question refers to weather because contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface has been deleted from the context history in accordance with a determination that the context expiration timer expired before the second instance of the DA was invoked. On the other hand, FIG. 5R, for example, shows user device 104 displaying the second instance of the DA user interface including “see older” button 541 configured to display at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in accordance with the determination that the conversation expiration timer has not expired.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is not satisfied (634) when the electronic device is locked. In some embodiments, conversation information (or a portion of the dialogue) from a previous instance of a DA user interface does not persist when the device is locked (e.g., for security reasons). Even though the DA can be accessed while the device is locked, context and conversation information does not persist from a previous instance of the DA user interface. However, if the user device enters a locked state, the user subsequently unlocks the user device, and the user invokes a second instance the DA within conversation expiration time period, then context and conversation information persist in the second instance of the DA.


For example, after user device 104 displays a first instance of the DA user interface in FIG. 5I, user device enters a locked state as shown in FIG. 5W. As shown in FIGS. 5X-Y, context and conversation information do not persist while the device is locked even though an instance of the DA is invoked before both context expiration timer 527 and conversation expiration timer 528 have expired. After exiting the DA user interface in response to user touch input 557 over home button 509 in FIG. 5Y, FIG. 5Z shows the user unlocking user device 104 via a dragging gesture, and FIG. 5BB shows user device 104 invoking a second instance of a digital assistant in response to the long press with user touch input 559 over home button 509 in FIG. 5AA. In this example, FIG. 5BB further shows that the invocation of the second instance of a digital assistant occurs approximately fifty seconds after exiting the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. Therefore, neither context expiration timer 527 nor conversation expiration timer 528 has expired, and both context and conversation information from the first instance of the DA user interface persists in the second instance of the DA user interface as shown in FIG. 5CC.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition comprises a condition that is satisfied (636) when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received prior to detection of a predetermined number of user interactions (e.g., touch events or user-requested application changes) with the electronic device after displaying the first dialogue. In some embodiments, the conversation expiration timer (e.g., conversation time-out), discussed above, and a predetermined number of touch events (e.g., conversation touch-out) are alternative sufficient conditions for not displaying a portion of the conversation (or dialogue) from the first instance of the DA user interface in the second instance of the DA user interface.


In some embodiments, the electronic device (638): displays a first affordance (affordances are sometimes herein called user interface objects or buttons) in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface (e.g., a “see more” button or an “older” button); detects a user selection of the first affordance; and in response to the user selection of the first affordance, displays at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. FIG. 5R, for example, shows a “see older” button 541 displayed in the second instance of the DA user interface. FIG. 5R, for example, also shows user device 104 detecting a user touch input 546 over “see older” button 541. FIG. 5S, for example, shows user device 104 displaying, in the second instance of the DA user interface, at least a portion of the transcript of the dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in response to user touch input 546 over “see older” button 541 in FIG. 5R.


In some embodiments, the electronic device displays (640) at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In some embodiments, the last line or a fraction of the first dialogue (e.g., a peek through) is displayed at the top of the screen or underneath a semi-transparent top banner (e.g., the top banner includes a carrier, signal strength, battery life and time). For example, in FIG. 5L, a portion of the transcription of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is partially displayed in box 524.


In some embodiments, the second dialogue includes (642) a user query to the digital assistant, and the electronic device: stores context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; and while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, and in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, responds to the user query to the digital assistant, in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, using the stored context data while determining a response to the user query. In a first instance of a DA user interface, FIG. 5I, for example, shows the user asking the DA, “What's the temperature in Charleston S.C.,” transcribed in box 523. In response to user query 523, the DA responds stating, “It's currently 80° in Charleston, S.C.,” as transcribed in box 524 in FIG. 5I. For example, user device 104 stores contextual information corresponding to a weather topic or context for user request 523 and the DA's response 524 in FIG. 5I.



FIG. 5J, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a home screen in user interface 503 (e.g., including application icons 504a, 504b, 504c, 504d, 504e, 504f, 504g, 504h, 504i, 504j and tray icons 506a, 506b, 506c, 506d) in response to detecting user touch input 525 over home button 509 in FIG. 5I. FIG. 5DD, for example, shows user device 104 displaying a second instance of a digital assistant (DA) in user interface 503 in response to a long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in FIG. 5J. FIG. 5GG, for example, shows the second instance of the DA user interface including a user query (e.g., “What about in Paris France” transcribed in box 569).



FIG. 5GG, for example, shows the DA using the stored contextual information corresponding to the weather topic from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 569 by stating, “It's currently 65° in Paris France,” transcribed in box 570. In FIG. 5GG, the DA uses contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface when responding to user query 569 in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied.


In some embodiments, the predetermined context condition is satisfied (644) when, in response to a user action performed during display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In one example, FIG. 5FF shows user device 104 displaying boxes 523 and 524 (e.g., a user query and the DA's response to the user query, respectively) corresponding to a portion of a first dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in user interface 503 in response to detecting the dragging gesture in FIG. 5EE. FIG. 5GG, for example, further shows the DA invoking contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., the weather topic or context) when responding to user query 569 in accordance with a determination that at least a portion (e.g., boxes 523 and 524) of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface (e.g., boxes 523 and 524) in response to a user action (e.g., the dragging gesture detected in FIG. 5EE). For example, the DA responds to the user's query “What about in Paris France?” by using the weather topic from the first instance of the DA user interface and stating “It's currently 65° in Paris France.”


In another example, FIG. 5II shows user device 104 displaying boxes 523 and 524 (e.g., a user query and the DA's response to the user query, respectively) corresponding to a portion of a first dialogue from the first instance of the DA user interface in user interface 503 in response to detecting user touch input 573 over “see older” button 572 on touch screen 112 in FIG. 5HH. FIG. 5JJ, for example, further shows the DA invoking contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., the weather topic or context) when responding to user query 575 in accordance with a determination that at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface (e.g., boxes 523 and 524) in response to a user action (e.g., user touch input 573 detected in FIG. 5HH). For example, the DA responds to the user's query “What about in Paris France?” by using the weather topic from the first instance of the DA user interface and stating “It's currently 65° in Paris France.”


In a further example, FIG. 5EE shows user device 104 displaying a transcription of the second dialogue in the second instance of the DA user interface (e.g., the DA's prompt 563, user query 564, and the DA's response 565, 566 to user query 564) and a portion of the transcription of the first dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface in box 524. However, FIG. 5EE, for example, shows the that the DA does not invoke contextual information from the first instance of the DA user interface (e.g., the weather topic or context) when responding to user query 564 because user device 104 has not detected a user action (e.g., a tap or swipe gesture on touch screen 112) to display at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface at or before receiving user query 564. Instead, in FIG. 5EE, the DA responds to user query 564 by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” because the DA does not infer that user request 564 is related to weather. The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 545 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’


In some embodiments, the electronic device (646): displays a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue (e.g., a sub-portion is an idea/topic, sentence, phrase, or word); detects a user selection of the second affordance; and in response to the user selection of the second affordance, ceases to display at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue. In some embodiments, a collapsible directory-like structure is provided in the second instance of the DA user interface whereby a user is enabled to minimize portions of the displayed dialogue. However, after minimization of a respective sub-portion, a title/topic name for the respective sub-portion remains displayed. FIG. 5N, for example, shows user device 104 displaying the transcription of the dialogue from the first and second instances of the DA user interface divided into a dining topic 532 and a weather topic 533. Button 535 is configured to minimize weather topic 533 to cease to display the portion of the dialogue from the first and second instances of the DA user interface related to weather. FIG. 5O, for example, shows user device 104 minimizing weather topic 533 in response to user touch input 536 over button 535 in FIG. 5N. FIG. 5O, for example, shows user device 104 ceasing to display at least some of weather topic 533.


In some embodiments, in response to the user selection of the second affordance, the electronic device excludes (648) context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from a context history of the digital assistant. In some embodiments, when a user minimizes a sub-portion of the first dialogue, contextual information corresponding to that sub-portion is not utilized when the DA infers user intent for a subsequent request. After the user minimizes weather topic 533 in FIG. 5N, FIG. 5P, for example, shows the DA responding to the user's question, “What about in Munich?” The DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about Munich’?” Furthermore, a “search the web” button 540, which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Munich’ is also displayed. In FIG. 5P, for example, the DA fails to infer that the user's question refers to weather even though the user's previous questions concerned weather. The DA does not infer the “weather” topic because contextual information related to weather topic 533 has been excluded from context history in response to user touch input 536 minimizing (or collapsing) weather topic 533 in FIG. 5N.


It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in FIGS. 6A-D have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein.



FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a system including two or more electronic devices for enabling context and/or conversation persistence in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the multi-device system illustrated in FIG. 7 is configured to execute the functions described in FIGS. 6A-D with reference to a single device. Devices 104c and 104d are distinct devices that are both associated with user 710. In some embodiments, a first instance of a DA includes a dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102c on device 104c. During the first instance of the DA user interface, context and conversation information related to the dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102c is stored in context history 352 and conversation history 354, respectively, of persistence module 350. In some embodiments, persistence module 350 is a component of server system 108. Furthermore, in some implementations, DA 326 stores context history 352 and conversation history 354 on a per-user basis, and thus the same context history 352 and conversation history 354 of a respective user 710 is available to DA 326 for use when providing services to user 710, regardless of which device 104 (of the devices associated with the user 710) user 710 is currently using.


In some embodiments, after user 710 exits the first instance of the DA on device 104c, user 710 invokes a second instance of the DA on device 104d. The second instance of the DA includes a dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102d. In some embodiments, during the second instance of the DA, DA-client 102d is enabled to access context and conversation information from the first instance of the DA that is stored in server system 108. In some embodiments, DA-client 102d is enabled to utilize the stored context information for intent inference and the stored conversation information for display in the second instance of the DA.


Although FIG. 7 does not explicitly show the communication interfaces between all components of the DA-server 106, it is to be understood that the components shown in FIG. 7 are capable of communicating with other components of the DA-server 106 either directly or through one or more other interfaces, such as application programming interfaces (APIs), database query interfaces, and/or other interfaces, protocols, and/or communication channels.



FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 800 of operating a digital assistant in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, method 800 is performed at two or more electronic devices each including a display, one or more processors and memory (e.g., a respective DA-client 102 or DA-server 106). In some embodiments, method 800 is performed at the digital assistant 326 illustrated in FIGS. 3A-B and 4. In some embodiments, method 800 is governed by a set of instructions stored in memory (e.g., a non-transitory computer readable storage medium) that are executed by the one or more processors of an electronic device.


At a first device, the first device displays (802) a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant. For example, device 104c, shown in FIG. 7, is configured to display a first dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102c in a first user interface of the DA.


At a second device different from the first device, in response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device, the second device displays (804) a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface. For example, in response to a request from user 710 to invoke the DA on device 104d, device 104d, shown in FIG. 7, is configured to display a second dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102d. In some embodiments, the second dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102d is displayed on device 104d at the same time or a later time as the first dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102c is displayed on device 104c. DA-client 702d is configured to have access to conversation information from the first dialogue between the same user 710 and DA-client 102c stored in conversation history 354 of server system 108 so as to display at least a portion the first dialogue. DA-client 702d is further configured to have access to contextual information from the first dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102c stored in conversation history 352 of server system 108 for use in intent inference.


It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in FIG. 8 have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein.


In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 9 shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device 900 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 9 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.


As shown in FIG. 9, an electronic device 900 includes a touch screen display unit 902 configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input, and a sound receiving unit 904 configured to receive sound input. In some embodiments, electronic device 900, optionally, includes a speaker unit 906 configured to generate sound. Electronic device 900 also includes a processing unit 908 coupled to touch screen display unit 902 and sound receiving unit 904 (and, optionally, coupled to speaker unit 906). In some embodiments, processing unit 908 includes a display enabling unit 910, a digital assistant (DA) invoking unit 912, a providing unit 914, a detecting unit 916, an excluding unit 918, a storing unit 920, a determining unit 922, a utilizing unit 924, a deleting unit 926, and a responding unit 928.


Processing unit 908 is configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902. In response to a request to enable display of a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, processing unit 908 is further configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) a second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902, including enabling display of a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, prior to enabling display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is further configured to detect (e.g., with DA invoking unit 912) a prior request to invoke the digital assistant. Prior to enabling display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, sound receiving unit 904 is configured to detect a speech input. Prior to enabling display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is further configured to provide (e.g., with providing unit 914) a transcription of the speech input, where the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.


In some embodiments, in response to the request to enable display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is configured to cease display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902; detect (e.g., with detecting unit 916) a user selection of the first affordance on the touch screen display unit 902; and in response to the user selection of the first affordance, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue on touch screen display unit 902; detect (e.g., with detecting unit 916) a user selection of the second affordance on touch screen display unit 902; and in response to the user selection of the second affordance, cease display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue on touch screen display unit 902.


In some embodiments, in response to the user selection of the second affordance, processing unit 908 is configured to exclude (e.g., with excluding unit 918) context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from a context history of the digital assistant.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: store (e.g., with storing unit 920) context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determine (e.g., with determining unit 922) whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, use (e.g., with utilizing unit 924) the stored context data while enabling display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to delete (e.g., with deleting unit 926) the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period.


In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is not satisfied when the electronic device is locked.


In some embodiments, the second dialogue includes a user query to the digital assistant, and processing unit 908 is configured to: store (e.g., with storing unit 920) context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; and while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, respond (e.g., with responding unit 928) to the user query to the digital assistant, in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, using the stored context data while determining a response to the user query.


In some embodiments, the predetermined context condition is satisfied when, in response to a user action performed during display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: determine (e.g., with determining unit 922) whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a second predetermined condition; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the second predetermined condition, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902, including enabling display of the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the second predetermined condition, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without making the first dialogue available for display on touch screen display unit 902.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined conversation expiration time period.


In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: store (e.g., with storing unit 920) context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determine (e.g., with determining unit 922) whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition, where the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, use (e.g., with utilizing unit 924) the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and delete (e.g., with deleting unit 926) the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period, where the predetermined context expiration time period is shorter than the predetermined conversation expiration time period.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is not satisfied when electronic device 900 is locked.


In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition comprises a condition that is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received prior to detection of a predetermined number of user interactions with the electronic device after displaying the first dialogue.


In some embodiments, the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface.


In some embodiments, the user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a request to launch an application.


In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface does not correspond to the digital assistant.


In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface is associated with an application distinct from the digital assistant.


In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 10 shows a functional block diagram of a first electronic device 1000 and a second electronic device 1020 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 10 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.


As shown in FIG. 10, a first electronic device 1000 includes a touch screen display unit 1002 configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input, and a sound receiving unit 1004 configured to receive sound input. In some embodiments, first electronic device 1000, optionally, includes a speaker unit 1006 configured to generate sound. First electronic device 1000 also includes a processing unit 1008 coupled to touch screen display unit 1002 and sound receiving unit 1004 (and, optionally, coupled to speaker unit 1006). In some embodiments, processing unit 1008 includes a display enabling unit 1010.


A second electronic device 1020 includes a touch screen display unit 1022 configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input, and a sound receiving unit 1024 configured to receive sound input. In some embodiments, second electronic device 1020, optionally, includes a speaker unit 1026 configured to generate sound. Second electronic device 1020 also includes a processing unit 1028 coupled to touch screen display unit 1022 and sound receiving unit 1024 (and, optionally, coupled to speaker unit 1026). In some embodiments, processing unit 1028 includes a display enabling unit 1030.


Processing unit 1008 of first electronic device 1000 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 1010) of a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant on touch screen display unit 1002. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on second electronic device 1020, processing unit 1028 of second electronic device 1020 is configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 1030) a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant on touch screen display unit 1022, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface.


The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific implementations. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed implementations to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The implementations were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles and practical applications of the disclosed ideas, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize them with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.


Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first speech input could be termed a second speech input, and, similarly, a second speech input could be termed a first speech input, without changing the meaning of the description, so long as all occurrences of the “first speech input” are renamed consistently and all occurrences of the “second speech input” are renamed consistently. The first speech input and the second speech input are both speech inputs, but they are not the same speech input.


The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of the claims. As used in the description of the implementations and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.


As used herein, the term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in accordance with a determination” or “in response to detecting,” that a stated condition precedent is true, depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined [that a stated condition precedent is true]” or “if [a stated condition precedent is true]” or “when [a stated condition precedent is true]” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “upon a determination that” or “in response to determining” or “in accordance with a determination” or “upon detecting” or “in response to detecting” that the stated condition precedent is true, depending on the context.

Claims
  • 1. A method of operating a digital assistant, performed at an electronic device having a display, one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the method comprising: displaying a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface without displaying a second dialogue in the first instance of the digital assistant user interface;causing context data associated with the first dialogue to be stored in a context history associated with the digital assistant;while displaying the first dialogue in the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, receiving a user request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface;in response to receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, replacing display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface with display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface;while displaying the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, receiving a user request to invoke the digital assistant;in response to receiving the user request to invoke the digital assistant: replacing display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface with display of a second instance of the digital assistant user interface; andobtaining audio input containing a spoken query; andin accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a predetermined condition: using the stored context data to determine a response to the spoken query; andconcurrently displaying the first dialogue and the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the second dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the response.
  • 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface: detecting a second user request to invoke the digital assistant;detecting a speech input; andproviding a transcription of the speech input, wherein the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.
  • 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, ceasing to display the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: displaying a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface;detecting a user selection of the first affordance, wherein the user selection of the first affordance corresponds to the user request to invoke the digital assistant; andin response to the user selection of the first affordance, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: displaying a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue;detecting a user selection of the second affordance; andin response to the user selection of the second affordance, ceasing to display at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue.
  • 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: in response to the user selection of the second affordance, excluding at least a portion of the context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from the context history of the digital assistant.
  • 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined time period after the electronic device exits the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition, causing the stored context data associated with the first dialogue to be deleted from the context history.
  • 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the electronic device is in a locked state.
  • 10. The method of claim 1, wherein using the stored context to determine the response to the spoken query and concurrently displaying the first and second dialogues in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface are performed further in accordance with detecting a user input on the displayed second instance of the digital assistant user interface, the user input causing at least a portion of the first dialogue to display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition:determining a second response to the spoken query without using the stored context; anddisplaying a third dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without displaying the first dialogue concurrently with the third dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the third dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the second response.
  • 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is not received within a predetermined time period after the electronic device exits the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 13. A method of operating a digital assistant, performed at two or more electronic devices each having a display, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the method comprising: at a first device, displaying a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant without displaying a second dialogue in the first user interface of the digital assistant;causing context data associated with the first dialogue to be stored in a context history associated with the digital assistant;subsequent to displaying the first dialogue in the first user interface of the digital assistant, at a second device different from the first device: receiving a user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device; andin response to receiving the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device: displaying a second user interface of the digital assistant; andobtaining audio input containing a spoken query; andin accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device satisfies a predetermined condition: using the stored context data to determine a response to the spoken query; andconcurrently displaying the first dialogue and the second dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant, wherein the second dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the response.
  • 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device satisfies the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is received at the second device within a predetermined time period after the first device exits the first user interface of the digital assistant.
  • 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition, causing the stored context data associated with the first dialogue to be deleted from the context history.
  • 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the second device is in a locked state.
  • 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition: determining a second response to the spoken query without using the stored context; anddisplaying a third dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant without displaying the first dialogue concurrently with the third dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant, wherein the third dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the second response.
  • 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is not received within a predetermined time period after the first device exits the first user interface of the digital assistant.
  • 19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions for operating a digital assistant, the instructions, when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the processors to perform operations comprising: displaying a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface without displaying a second dialogue in the first instance of the digital assistant user interface;causing context data associated with the first dialogue to be stored in a context history associated with the digital assistant;while displaying the first dialogue in the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, receiving a user request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface;in response to receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, replacing display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface with display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface;while displaying the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, receiving a user request to invoke the digital assistant;in response to receiving the user request to invoke the digital assistant: replacing display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface with display of a second instance of the digital assistant user interface; andobtaining audio input containing a spoken query; andin accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a predetermined condition: using the stored context data to determine a response to the spoken query; andconcurrently displaying the first dialogue and the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the second dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the response.
  • 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface: detecting a second user request to invoke the digital assistant;detecting a speech input; andproviding a transcription of the speech input, wherein the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.
  • 21. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising, in response to receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, ceasing to display the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 22. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising: displaying a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface;detecting a user selection of the first affordance, wherein the user selection of the first affordance corresponds to the user request to invoke the digital assistant; andin response to the user selection of the first affordance, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 23. The computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined time period after exiting the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 24. The computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition, causing the stored context data associated with the first dialogue to be deleted from the context history.
  • 25. The computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the electronic device is in a locked state.
  • 26. The computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition: determining a second response to the spoken query without using the stored context; anddisplaying a third dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without displaying the first dialogue concurrently with the third dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the third dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the second response.
  • 27. The computer-readable medium of claim 26, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is not received within a predetermined time period after exiting the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 28. An electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions for operating a digital assistant, the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the processors to perform operations comprising: displaying a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface without displaying a second dialogue in the first instance of the digital assistant user interface;causing context data associated with the first dialogue to be stored in a context history associated with the digital assistant;while displaying the first dialogue in the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, receiving a user request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface;in response to receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, replacing display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface with display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface;while displaying the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, receiving a user request to invoke the digital assistant;in response to receiving the user request to invoke the digital assistant: replacing display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface with display of a second instance of the digital assistant user interface; andobtaining audio input containing a spoken query; andin accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a predetermined condition: using the stored context data to determine a response to the spoken query; andconcurrently displaying the first dialogue and the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the second dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the response.
  • 29. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the operations further comprise, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface: detecting a second user request to invoke the digital assistant;detecting a speech input; andproviding a transcription of the speech input, wherein the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.
  • 30. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the operations further comprise, in response to receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, ceasing to display the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 31. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the operations further comprise: displaying a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface;detecting a user selection of the first affordance, wherein the user selection of the first affordance corresponds to the user request to invoke the digital assistant; andin response to the user selection of the first affordance, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 32. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined time period after receiving the user request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface.
  • 33. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the operations further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition, causing the stored context data associated with the first dialogue to be deleted from the context history.
  • 34. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the electronic device is in a locked state.
  • 35. The electronic device of claim 28, wherein the operations further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition: determining a second response to the spoken query without using the stored context; anddisplaying a third dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without displaying the first dialogue concurrently with the third dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the third dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the second response.
  • 36. The electronic device of claim 35, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is not received within a predetermined time period after exiting the first instance of the digital assistant user interface.
  • 37. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions for operating a digital assistant, the instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform operations comprising: at a first device, displaying a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant without displaying a second dialogue in the first user interface of the digital assistant;causing context data associated with the first dialogue to be stored in a context history associated with the digital assistant;subsequent to displaying the first dialogue in the first user interface of the digital assistant, at a second device different from the first device: receiving a user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device; andin response to receiving the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device: displaying a second user interface of the digital assistant;obtaining audio input containing a spoken query; andin accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device satisfies a predetermined condition: using the stored context data to determine a response to the spoken query; andconcurrently displaying the first dialogue and the second dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant, wherein the second dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the response.
  • 38. The computer-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device satisfies the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is received at the second device within a predetermined time period after the first device exits the first user interface of the digital assistant.
  • 39. The computer-readable medium of claim 37, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition, causing the stored context data associated with the first dialogue to be deleted from the context history.
  • 40. The computer-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the second device is in a locked state.
  • 41. The computer-readable medium of claim 37, further comprising instructions to cause the processors to perform operations comprising: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition: determining a second response to the spoken query without using the stored context; anddisplaying a third dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant without displaying the first dialogue concurrently with the third dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant, wherein the third dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the second response.
  • 42. The computer-readable medium of claim 41, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is not received within a predetermined time period after the first device exits the first user interface of the digital assistant.
  • 43. A system comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions for operating a digital assistant, the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the processors to perform operations comprising: at a first device of the system, displaying a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant without displaying a second dialogue in the first user interface of the digital assistant;causing context data associated with the first dialogue to be stored in a context history associated with the digital assistant;subsequent to displaying the first dialogue in the first user interface of the digital assistant, at a second device of the system different from the first device: receiving a user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device; andin response to receiving the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device: displaying a second user interface of the digital assistant; andobtaining audio input containing a spoken query; andin accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device satisfies a predetermined condition: using the stored context data to determine a response to the spoken query; and concurrently displaying the first dialogue and the second dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant, wherein the second dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the response.
  • 44. The system of claim 43, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device satisfies the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is received at the second device within a predetermined time period after the first device exits the first user interface of the digital assistant.
  • 45. The system of claim 43, wherein the operations further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition, causing the stored context data associated with the first dialogue to be deleted from the context history.
  • 46. The system of claim 43, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the second device is in a locked state.
  • 47. The system of claim 43, wherein the operations further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition: determining a second response to the spoken query without using the stored context; anddisplaying a third dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant without displaying the first dialogue concurrently with the third dialogue in the second user interface of the digital assistant, wherein the third dialogue includes first text corresponding to the spoken query and second text corresponding to the second response.
  • 48. The system of claim 47, wherein the user request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device does not satisfy the predetermined condition when the user request to invoke the digital assistant is not received within a predetermined time period after the first device exits the first user interface of the digital assistant.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Ser. No. 61/832,898, filed on Jun. 9, 2013, entitled DEVICE, METHOD, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR ENABLING CONVERSATION PERSISTENCE ACROSS TWO OR MORE INSTANCES OF A DIGITAL ASSISTANT, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

US Referenced Citations (3837)
Number Name Date Kind
1559320 Hirsh Oct 1925 A
2180522 Henna Nov 1939 A
2495222 Bierig Jan 1950 A
3704345 Coker et al. Nov 1972 A
3710321 Rubenstein Jan 1973 A
3787542 Gallagher et al. Jan 1974 A
3828132 Flanagan et al. Aug 1974 A
3979557 Schulman et al. Sep 1976 A
4013085 Wright Mar 1977 A
4081631 Feder Mar 1978 A
4090216 Constable May 1978 A
4107784 Van Bemmelen Aug 1978 A
4108211 Tanaka Aug 1978 A
4159536 Kehoe et al. Jun 1979 A
4181821 Pirz et al. Jan 1980 A
4204089 Key et al. May 1980 A
4241286 Gordon Dec 1980 A
4253477 Eichman Mar 1981 A
4278838 Antonov Jul 1981 A
4282405 Taguchi Aug 1981 A
4310721 Manley et al. Jan 1982 A
4332464 Bartulis et al. Jun 1982 A
4348553 Baker et al. Sep 1982 A
4384169 Mozer et al. May 1983 A
4386345 Narveson et al. May 1983 A
4433377 Eustis et al. Feb 1984 A
4451849 Fuhrer May 1984 A
4485439 Rothstein Nov 1984 A
4495644 Parks et al. Jan 1985 A
4513379 Wilson et al. Apr 1985 A
4513435 Sakoe et al. Apr 1985 A
4555775 Pike Nov 1985 A
4577343 Oura Mar 1986 A
4586158 Brandle Apr 1986 A
4587670 Levinson et al. May 1986 A
4589022 Prince et al. May 1986 A
4611346 Bednar et al. Sep 1986 A
4615081 Lindahl Oct 1986 A
4618984 Das et al. Oct 1986 A
4642790 Minshull et al. Feb 1987 A
4653021 Takagi Mar 1987 A
4654875 Srihari et al. Mar 1987 A
4655233 Laughlin Apr 1987 A
4658425 Julstrom Apr 1987 A
4670848 Schramm Jun 1987 A
4677570 Taki Jun 1987 A
4680429 Murdock et al. Jul 1987 A
4680805 Scott Jul 1987 A
4686522 Hernandez et al. Aug 1987 A
4688195 Thompson et al. Aug 1987 A
4692941 Jacks et al. Sep 1987 A
4698625 McCaskill et al. Oct 1987 A
4709390 Atal et al. Nov 1987 A
4713775 Scott et al. Dec 1987 A
4718094 Bahl et al. Jan 1988 A
4724542 Williford Feb 1988 A
4726065 Froessl Feb 1988 A
4727354 Lindsay Feb 1988 A
RE32632 Atkinson Mar 1988 E
4736296 Katayama et al. Apr 1988 A
4750122 Kaji et al. Jun 1988 A
4754489 Bokser Jun 1988 A
4755811 Slavin et al. Jul 1988 A
4759070 Voroba et al. Jul 1988 A
4776016 Hansen Oct 1988 A
4783804 Juang et al. Nov 1988 A
4783807 Marley Nov 1988 A
4785413 Atsumi Nov 1988 A
4790028 Ramage Dec 1988 A
4797930 Goudie Jan 1989 A
4802223 Lin et al. Jan 1989 A
4803729 Baker Feb 1989 A
4807752 Chodorow Feb 1989 A
4811243 Racine Mar 1989 A
4813074 Marcus Mar 1989 A
4819271 Bahl et al. Apr 1989 A
4827518 Feustel et al. May 1989 A
4827520 Zeinstra May 1989 A
4829576 Porter May 1989 A
4829583 Monroe et al. May 1989 A
4831551 Schalk et al. May 1989 A
4833712 Bahl et al. May 1989 A
4833718 Sprague May 1989 A
4837798 Cohen et al. Jun 1989 A
4837831 Gillick et al. Jun 1989 A
4839853 Deerwester et al. Jun 1989 A
4852168 Sprague Jul 1989 A
4862504 Nomura Aug 1989 A
4875187 Smith Oct 1989 A
4878230 Murakami et al. Oct 1989 A
4887212 Zamora et al. Dec 1989 A
4896359 Yamamoto et al. Jan 1990 A
4903305 Gillick et al. Feb 1990 A
4905163 Garber et al. Feb 1990 A
4908867 Silverman Mar 1990 A
4914586 Swinehart et al. Apr 1990 A
4914590 Loatman et al. Apr 1990 A
4918723 Iggulden et al. Apr 1990 A
4926491 Maeda et al. May 1990 A
4928307 Lynn May 1990 A
4931783 Atkinson Jun 1990 A
4935954 Thompson et al. Jun 1990 A
4939639 Lee et al. Jul 1990 A
4941488 Marxer et al. Jul 1990 A
4944013 Gouvianakis et al. Jul 1990 A
4945504 Nakama et al. Jul 1990 A
4953106 Gansner et al. Aug 1990 A
4955047 Morganstein et al. Sep 1990 A
4965763 Zamora Oct 1990 A
4972462 Shibata Nov 1990 A
4974191 Amirghodsi et al. Nov 1990 A
4975975 Filipski Dec 1990 A
4977598 Doddington et al. Dec 1990 A
4980916 Zinser Dec 1990 A
4985924 Matsuura Jan 1991 A
4992972 Brooks et al. Feb 1991 A
4994966 Hutchins Feb 1991 A
4994983 Landell et al. Feb 1991 A
5001774 Lee Mar 1991 A
5003577 Ertz et al. Mar 1991 A
5007095 Nara et al. Apr 1991 A
5007098 Kumagai Apr 1991 A
5010574 Wang Apr 1991 A
5016002 Levanto May 1991 A
5020112 Chou May 1991 A
5021971 Lindsay Jun 1991 A
5022081 Hirose et al. Jun 1991 A
5027110 Chang et al. Jun 1991 A
5027406 Roberts et al. Jun 1991 A
5027408 Kroeker et al. Jun 1991 A
5029211 Ozawa Jul 1991 A
5031217 Nishimura Jul 1991 A
5032989 Tornetta Jul 1991 A
5033087 Bahl et al. Jul 1991 A
5040218 Vitale et al. Aug 1991 A
5046099 Nishimura Sep 1991 A
5047614 Bianco Sep 1991 A
5047617 Shepard et al. Sep 1991 A
5050215 Nishimura Sep 1991 A
5053758 Cornett et al. Oct 1991 A
5054084 Tanaka et al. Oct 1991 A
5057915 Von Kohorn Oct 1991 A
5067158 Arjmand Nov 1991 A
5067503 Stile Nov 1991 A
5072452 Brown et al. Dec 1991 A
5075896 Wilcox et al. Dec 1991 A
5079723 Herceg et al. Jan 1992 A
5083119 Trevett et al. Jan 1992 A
5083268 Hemphill et al. Jan 1992 A
5086792 Chodorow Feb 1992 A
5090012 Kajiyarna et al. Feb 1992 A
5091790 Silverberg Feb 1992 A
5091945 Kleijn Feb 1992 A
5103498 Lanier et al. Apr 1992 A
5109509 Katayama et al. Apr 1992 A
5111423 Kopec, Jr. et al. May 1992 A
5119079 Hube et al. Jun 1992 A
5122951 Kamiya Jun 1992 A
5123103 Ohtaki et al. Jun 1992 A
5125022 Hunt et al. Jun 1992 A
5125030 Nomura et al. Jun 1992 A
5127043 Hunt et al. Jun 1992 A
5127053 Koch Jun 1992 A
5127055 Larkey Jun 1992 A
5128672 Kaehler Jul 1992 A
5133011 McKiel, Jr. Jul 1992 A
5133023 Bokser Jul 1992 A
5142584 Ozawa Aug 1992 A
5144875 Nakada Sep 1992 A
5148541 Lee et al. Sep 1992 A
5153913 Kandefer et al. Oct 1992 A
5157610 Asano et al. Oct 1992 A
5157779 Washburn et al. Oct 1992 A
5161102 Griffin et al. Nov 1992 A
5163809 Akgun et al. Nov 1992 A
5164900 Bernath Nov 1992 A
5164982 Davis Nov 1992 A
5165007 Bahl et al. Nov 1992 A
5167004 Netsch et al. Nov 1992 A
5175536 Aschliman et al. Dec 1992 A
5175803 Yeh Dec 1992 A
5175814 Anick et al. Dec 1992 A
5179627 Sweet et al. Jan 1993 A
5179652 Rozmanith et al. Jan 1993 A
5194950 Murakami et al. Mar 1993 A
5195034 Garneau et al. Mar 1993 A
5195167 Bahl et al. Mar 1993 A
5197005 Shwartz et al. Mar 1993 A
5199077 Wilcox et al. Mar 1993 A
5201034 Matsuura et al. Apr 1993 A
5202952 Gillick et al. Apr 1993 A
5208862 Ozawa May 1993 A
5210689 Baker et al. May 1993 A
5212638 Bernath May 1993 A
5212821 Gorin et al. May 1993 A
5216747 Hardwick et al. Jun 1993 A
5218700 Beechick Jun 1993 A
5220629 Kosaka et al. Jun 1993 A
5220639 Lee Jun 1993 A
5220657 Bly et al. Jun 1993 A
5222146 Bahl et al. Jun 1993 A
5230036 Akamine et al. Jul 1993 A
5231670 Goldhor et al. Jul 1993 A
5235680 Bijnagte Aug 1993 A
5237502 White et al. Aug 1993 A
5241619 Schwartz et al. Aug 1993 A
5252951 Tannenbaum et al. Oct 1993 A
5253325 Clark Oct 1993 A
5255386 Prager Oct 1993 A
5257387 Richek et al. Oct 1993 A
5260697 Barrett et al. Nov 1993 A
5266931 Tanaka Nov 1993 A
5266949 Rossi Nov 1993 A
5267345 Brown et al. Nov 1993 A
5268990 Cohen et al. Dec 1993 A
5274771 Hamilton et al. Dec 1993 A
5274818 Vasilevsky et al. Dec 1993 A
5276616 Kuga et al. Jan 1994 A
5276794 Lamb, Jr. Jan 1994 A
5278980 Pedersen et al. Jan 1994 A
5282265 Rohra Suda et al. Jan 1994 A
5283818 Klausner et al. Feb 1994 A
5287448 Nicol et al. Feb 1994 A
5289562 Mizuta et al. Feb 1994 A
RE34562 Murakami et al. Mar 1994 E
5291286 Murakami et al. Mar 1994 A
5293254 Eschbach Mar 1994 A
5293448 Honda Mar 1994 A
5293452 Picone et al. Mar 1994 A
5296642 Konishi Mar 1994 A
5297170 Eyuboglu et al. Mar 1994 A
5297194 Hunt et al. Mar 1994 A
5299125 Baker et al. Mar 1994 A
5299284 Roy Mar 1994 A
5301109 Landauer et al. Apr 1994 A
5303406 Hansen et al. Apr 1994 A
5305205 Weber et al. Apr 1994 A
5305421 Li et al. Apr 1994 A
5305768 Gross et al. Apr 1994 A
5309359 Katz et al. May 1994 A
5315689 Kanazawa et al. May 1994 A
5317507 Gallant May 1994 A
5317647 Pagallo May 1994 A
5325297 Bird et al. Jun 1994 A
5325298 Gallant Jun 1994 A
5325462 Farrett Jun 1994 A
5326270 Ostby et al. Jul 1994 A
5327342 Roy Jul 1994 A
5327498 Hamon Jul 1994 A
5329608 Bocchieri et al. Jul 1994 A
5333236 Bahl et al. Jul 1994 A
5333266 Boaz et al. Jul 1994 A
5333275 Wheatley et al. Jul 1994 A
5335011 Addeo et al. Aug 1994 A
5335276 Thompson et al. Aug 1994 A
5341293 Vertelney et al. Aug 1994 A
5341466 Perlin et al. Aug 1994 A
5345536 Hoshimi et al. Sep 1994 A
5349645 Zhao Sep 1994 A
5353374 Wilson et al. Oct 1994 A
5353376 Oh et al. Oct 1994 A
5353377 Kuroda et al. Oct 1994 A
5353408 Kato et al. Oct 1994 A
5353432 Richek et al. Oct 1994 A
5357431 Nakada et al. Oct 1994 A
5367640 Hamilton et al. Nov 1994 A
5369575 Lamberti et al. Nov 1994 A
5369577 Kadashevich et al. Nov 1994 A
5371853 Kao et al. Dec 1994 A
5371901 Reed et al. Dec 1994 A
5373566 Murdock Dec 1994 A
5377103 Lamberti et al. Dec 1994 A
5377301 Rosenberg et al. Dec 1994 A
5377303 Firman Dec 1994 A
5384671 Fisher Jan 1995 A
5384892 Strong Jan 1995 A
5384893 Hutchins Jan 1995 A
5386494 White Jan 1995 A
5386556 Hedin et al. Jan 1995 A
5390236 Klausner et al. Feb 1995 A
5390279 Strong Feb 1995 A
5390281 Luciw et al. Feb 1995 A
5392419 Walton Feb 1995 A
5396625 Parkes Mar 1995 A
5400434 Pearson Mar 1995 A
5404295 Katz et al. Apr 1995 A
5406305 Shimomura et al. Apr 1995 A
5408060 Muurinen Apr 1995 A
5412756 Bauman et al. May 1995 A
5412804 Krishna May 1995 A
5412806 Du et al. May 1995 A
5418951 Damashek May 1995 A
5422656 Allard et al. Jun 1995 A
5424947 Nagao et al. Jun 1995 A
5425108 Hwang et al. Jun 1995 A
5428731 Powers, III Jun 1995 A
5434777 Luciw Jul 1995 A
5440615 Caccuro et al. Aug 1995 A
5442598 Haikawa et al. Aug 1995 A
5442780 Takanashi et al. Aug 1995 A
5444823 Nguyen Aug 1995 A
5449368 Kuzmak Sep 1995 A
5450523 Zhao Sep 1995 A
5455888 Iyengar et al. Oct 1995 A
5457768 Tsuboi et al. Oct 1995 A
5459488 Geiser Oct 1995 A
5463696 Beernink et al. Oct 1995 A
5463725 Henckel et al. Oct 1995 A
5465401 Thompson Nov 1995 A
5469529 Bimbot et al. Nov 1995 A
5471611 McGregor Nov 1995 A
5473728 Luginbuhl et al. Dec 1995 A
5475587 Anick et al. Dec 1995 A
5475796 Iwata Dec 1995 A
5477447 Luciw et al. Dec 1995 A
5477448 Golding et al. Dec 1995 A
5477451 Brown et al. Dec 1995 A
5479488 Lennig et al. Dec 1995 A
5481739 Staats Jan 1996 A
5483261 Yasutake Jan 1996 A
5485372 Golding et al. Jan 1996 A
5485543 Aso Jan 1996 A
5488204 Mead et al. Jan 1996 A
5488727 Agrawal et al. Jan 1996 A
5490234 Narayan Feb 1996 A
5491758 Bellegarda et al. Feb 1996 A
5491772 Hardwick et al. Feb 1996 A
5493677 Balogh et al. Feb 1996 A
5495604 Harding et al. Feb 1996 A
5497319 Chong et al. Mar 1996 A
5500903 Gulli Mar 1996 A
5500905 Martin et al. Mar 1996 A
5500937 Thompson-Rohrlich Mar 1996 A
5502774 Bellegarda et al. Mar 1996 A
5502790 Yi Mar 1996 A
5502791 Nishimura et al. Mar 1996 A
5515475 Gupta et al. May 1996 A
5521816 Roche et al. May 1996 A
5524140 Klausner et al. Jun 1996 A
5533182 Bates et al. Jul 1996 A
5535121 Roche et al. Jul 1996 A
5536902 Serra et al. Jul 1996 A
5537317 Schabes et al. Jul 1996 A
5537618 Boulton et al. Jul 1996 A
5537647 Hermansky et al. Jul 1996 A
5543588 Bisset et al. Aug 1996 A
5543897 Altrieth, III Aug 1996 A
5544264 Bellegarda et al. Aug 1996 A
5548507 Martino et al. Aug 1996 A
5555343 Luther Sep 1996 A
5555344 Zunkler Sep 1996 A
5559301 Bryan, Jr. et al. Sep 1996 A
5559945 Beaudet et al. Sep 1996 A
5564446 Wiltshire Oct 1996 A
5565888 Selker Oct 1996 A
5568536 Tiller et al. Oct 1996 A
5568540 Greco et al. Oct 1996 A
5570324 Geil Oct 1996 A
5572576 Klausner et al. Nov 1996 A
5574823 Hassanein et al. Nov 1996 A
5574824 Slyh et al. Nov 1996 A
5577135 Grajski et al. Nov 1996 A
5577164 Kaneko et al. Nov 1996 A
5577241 Spencer Nov 1996 A
5578808 Taylor Nov 1996 A
5579037 Tahara et al. Nov 1996 A
5579436 Chou et al. Nov 1996 A
5581484 Prince Dec 1996 A
5581652 Abe et al. Dec 1996 A
5581655 Cohen et al. Dec 1996 A
5583993 Foster et al. Dec 1996 A
5584024 Shwartz Dec 1996 A
5586540 Marzec et al. Dec 1996 A
5594641 Kaplan et al. Jan 1997 A
5596260 Moravec et al. Jan 1997 A
5596676 Swaminathan et al. Jan 1997 A
5596994 Bro Jan 1997 A
5608624 Luciw Mar 1997 A
5608698 Yamanoi et al. Mar 1997 A
5608841 Tsuboka Mar 1997 A
5610812 Schabes et al. Mar 1997 A
5613036 Strong Mar 1997 A
5613122 Burnard et al. Mar 1997 A
5615378 Nishino et al. Mar 1997 A
5615384 Allard et al. Mar 1997 A
5616876 Cluts Apr 1997 A
5617386 Choi Apr 1997 A
5617507 Lee et al. Apr 1997 A
5617539 Ludwig et al. Apr 1997 A
5619583 Page et al. Apr 1997 A
5619694 Shimazu Apr 1997 A
5621859 Schwartz et al. Apr 1997 A
5621903 Luciw et al. Apr 1997 A
5627939 Huang et al. May 1997 A
5634084 Malsheen et al. May 1997 A
5636325 Farrett Jun 1997 A
5638425 Meador, III et al. Jun 1997 A
5638489 Tsuboka Jun 1997 A
5638523 Mullet et al. Jun 1997 A
5640487 Lau et al. Jun 1997 A
5642464 Yue et al. Jun 1997 A
5642466 Narayan Jun 1997 A
5642519 Martin Jun 1997 A
5644656 Akra et al. Jul 1997 A
5644727 Atkins Jul 1997 A
5644735 Luciw et al. Jul 1997 A
5649060 Ellozy et al. Jul 1997 A
5652828 Silverman Jul 1997 A
5652884 Palevich Jul 1997 A
5652897 Lineberger et al. Jul 1997 A
5661787 Pocock Aug 1997 A
5664055 Kroon Sep 1997 A
5664206 Murow et al. Sep 1997 A
5670985 Cappels, Sr. et al. Sep 1997 A
5675704 Juang et al. Oct 1997 A
5675819 Schuetze Oct 1997 A
5678039 Hinks et al. Oct 1997 A
5682475 Johnson et al. Oct 1997 A
5682539 Conrad et al. Oct 1997 A
5684513 Decker Nov 1997 A
5687077 Gough, Jr. Nov 1997 A
5689287 Mackinlay et al. Nov 1997 A
5689616 Li Nov 1997 A
5689618 Gasper et al. Nov 1997 A
5692205 Berry et al. Nov 1997 A
5696962 Kupiec Dec 1997 A
5699082 Marks et al. Dec 1997 A
5701400 Amado Dec 1997 A
5706442 Anderson et al. Jan 1998 A
5708659 Rostoker et al. Jan 1998 A
5708822 Wical Jan 1998 A
5710886 Christensen et al. Jan 1998 A
5710922 Alley et al. Jan 1998 A
5712949 Kato et al. Jan 1998 A
5712957 Weibel et al. Jan 1998 A
5715468 Budzinski Feb 1998 A
5717877 Orton et al. Feb 1998 A
5721827 Logan et al. Feb 1998 A
5721949 Smith et al. Feb 1998 A
5724406 Juster Mar 1998 A
5724985 Snell et al. Mar 1998 A
5726672 Hernandez et al. Mar 1998 A
5727950 Cook et al. Mar 1998 A
5729694 Holzrichter et al. Mar 1998 A
5729704 Stone et al. Mar 1998 A
5732216 Logan et al. Mar 1998 A
5732390 Katayanagi et al. Mar 1998 A
5732395 Silverman Mar 1998 A
5734750 Arai et al. Mar 1998 A
5734791 Acero et al. Mar 1998 A
5736974 Selker Apr 1998 A
5737487 Bellegarda et al. Apr 1998 A
5737609 Reed et al. Apr 1998 A
5737734 Schultz Apr 1998 A
5739451 Winksy et al. Apr 1998 A
5740143 Suetomi Apr 1998 A
5742705 Parthasarathy Apr 1998 A
5742736 Haddock Apr 1998 A
5745116 Pisutha-Arnond Apr 1998 A
5745843 Wetters et al. Apr 1998 A
5745873 Braida et al. Apr 1998 A
5748512 Vargas May 1998 A
5748974 Johnson May 1998 A
5749071 Silverman May 1998 A
5749081 Whiteis May 1998 A
5751906 Silverman May 1998 A
5757358 Osga May 1998 A
5757979 Hongo et al. May 1998 A
5758079 Ludwig et al. May 1998 A
5758083 Singh et al. May 1998 A
5758314 McKenna May 1998 A
5758318 Kojima et al. May 1998 A
5759101 Von Kohorn Jun 1998 A
5761640 Kalyanswamy et al. Jun 1998 A
5765131 Stentiford et al. Jun 1998 A
5765168 Burrows Jun 1998 A
5771276 Wolf Jun 1998 A
5774834 Visser Jun 1998 A
5774855 Foti et al. Jun 1998 A
5774859 Houser et al. Jun 1998 A
5777614 Ando et al. Jul 1998 A
5778405 Ogawa Jul 1998 A
5790978 Olive et al. Aug 1998 A
5794050 Dahlgren et al. Aug 1998 A
5794182 Manduchi et al. Aug 1998 A
5794207 Walker et al. Aug 1998 A
5794237 Gore, Jr. Aug 1998 A
5797008 Burrows Aug 1998 A
5799268 Boguraev Aug 1998 A
5799269 Schabes et al. Aug 1998 A
5799276 Komissarchik et al. Aug 1998 A
5801692 Muzio et al. Sep 1998 A
5802466 Gallant et al. Sep 1998 A
5802526 Fawcett et al. Sep 1998 A
5812697 Sakai et al. Sep 1998 A
5812698 Platt et al. Sep 1998 A
5815142 Allard et al. Sep 1998 A
5815225 Nelson Sep 1998 A
5818142 Edleblute et al. Oct 1998 A
5818451 Bertram et al. Oct 1998 A
5818924 King et al. Oct 1998 A
5822288 Shinada Oct 1998 A
5822720 Bookman et al. Oct 1998 A
5822730 Roth et al. Oct 1998 A
5822743 Gupta et al. Oct 1998 A
5825349 Meier et al. Oct 1998 A
5825352 Bisset et al. Oct 1998 A
5825881 Colvin, Sr. Oct 1998 A
5826261 Spencer Oct 1998 A
5828768 Eatwell et al. Oct 1998 A
5828999 Bellegarda et al. Oct 1998 A
5832433 Yashchin et al. Nov 1998 A
5832435 Silverman Nov 1998 A
5833134 Ho et al. Nov 1998 A
5835077 Dao et al. Nov 1998 A
5835079 Shieh Nov 1998 A
5835721 Donahue et al. Nov 1998 A
5835732 Kikinis et al. Nov 1998 A
5835893 Ushioda Nov 1998 A
5839106 Bellegarda Nov 1998 A
5841902 Tu Nov 1998 A
5842165 Raman et al. Nov 1998 A
5845255 Mayaud Dec 1998 A
5848410 Walls et al. Dec 1998 A
5850480 Scanlon Dec 1998 A
5850629 Holm et al. Dec 1998 A
5854893 Ludwig et al. Dec 1998 A
5855000 Waibel et al. Dec 1998 A
5857184 Lynch Jan 1999 A
5859636 Pandit Jan 1999 A
5860063 Gorin et al. Jan 1999 A
5860064 Henton Jan 1999 A
5860075 Hashizume et al. Jan 1999 A
5862223 Walker et al. Jan 1999 A
5862233 Poletti Jan 1999 A
5864806 Mokbel et al. Jan 1999 A
5864815 Rozak et al. Jan 1999 A
5864844 James et al. Jan 1999 A
5864855 Ruocco et al. Jan 1999 A
5864868 Contois Jan 1999 A
5867799 Lang et al. Feb 1999 A
5870710 Ozawa et al. Feb 1999 A
5873056 Liddy et al. Feb 1999 A
5873064 De Armas et al. Feb 1999 A
5875427 Yamazaki Feb 1999 A
5875429 Douglas Feb 1999 A
5875437 Atkins Feb 1999 A
5876396 Lo et al. Mar 1999 A
5877751 Kanemitsu et al. Mar 1999 A
5877757 Baldwin et al. Mar 1999 A
5878393 Hata et al. Mar 1999 A
5878394 Muhling Mar 1999 A
5878396 Henton Mar 1999 A
5880411 Gillespie et al. Mar 1999 A
5880731 Liles et al. Mar 1999 A
5884039 Ludwig et al. Mar 1999 A
5884323 Hawkins et al. Mar 1999 A
5890117 Silverman Mar 1999 A
5890122 Van et al. Mar 1999 A
5891180 Greeninger et al. Apr 1999 A
5893126 Drews et al. Apr 1999 A
5893132 Huffman et al. Apr 1999 A
5895448 Vysotsky et al. Apr 1999 A
5895464 Bhandari et al. Apr 1999 A
5895466 Goldberg et al. Apr 1999 A
5896321 Miller et al. Apr 1999 A
5896500 Ludwig et al. Apr 1999 A
5899972 Miyazawa et al. May 1999 A
5905498 Diament et al. May 1999 A
5909666 Gould et al. Jun 1999 A
5912951 Checchio et al. Jun 1999 A
5912952 Brendzel Jun 1999 A
5913185 Martino et al. Jun 1999 A
5913193 Huang et al. Jun 1999 A
5915001 Uppaluru Jun 1999 A
5915236 Gould et al. Jun 1999 A
5915238 Tjaden Jun 1999 A
5915249 Spencer Jun 1999 A
5917487 Ulrich Jun 1999 A
5918303 Yamaura et al. Jun 1999 A
5920327 Seidensticker, Jr. Jul 1999 A
5920836 Gould et al. Jul 1999 A
5920837 Gould et al. Jul 1999 A
5923757 Hooker et al. Jul 1999 A
5924068 Richard et al. Jul 1999 A
5926769 Valimaa et al. Jul 1999 A
5926789 Barbara et al. Jul 1999 A
5930408 Seto Jul 1999 A
5930751 Cohrs et al. Jul 1999 A
5930754 Karaali et al. Jul 1999 A
5930769 Rose Jul 1999 A
5930783 Li et al. Jul 1999 A
5933477 Wu Aug 1999 A
5933806 Beyerlein et al. Aug 1999 A
5933822 Braden-Harder et al. Aug 1999 A
5936926 Yokouchi et al. Aug 1999 A
5937163 Lee et al. Aug 1999 A
5940811 Norris Aug 1999 A
5940841 Schmuck et al. Aug 1999 A
5941944 Messerly Aug 1999 A
5943043 Furuhata et al. Aug 1999 A
5943049 Matsubara et al. Aug 1999 A
5943052 Allen et al. Aug 1999 A
5943429 Haendel et al. Aug 1999 A
5943443 Itonori et al. Aug 1999 A
5943670 Prager Aug 1999 A
5946647 Miller et al. Aug 1999 A
5948040 DeLorme et al. Sep 1999 A
5949961 Sharman Sep 1999 A
5950123 Schwelb et al. Sep 1999 A
5952992 Helms Sep 1999 A
5953541 King et al. Sep 1999 A
5956021 Kubota et al. Sep 1999 A
5956699 Wong et al. Sep 1999 A
5960394 Gould et al. Sep 1999 A
5960422 Prasad Sep 1999 A
5963208 Dolan et al. Oct 1999 A
5963924 Williams et al. Oct 1999 A
5963964 Nielsen Oct 1999 A
5966126 Szabo Oct 1999 A
5970446 Goldberg et al. Oct 1999 A
5970474 LeRoy et al. Oct 1999 A
5973612 Deo et al. Oct 1999 A
5973676 Kawakura Oct 1999 A
5974146 Randle et al. Oct 1999 A
5977950 Rhyne Nov 1999 A
5982352 Pryor Nov 1999 A
5982370 Kamper Nov 1999 A
5982891 Ginter et al. Nov 1999 A
5982902 Terano Nov 1999 A
5983179 Gould et al. Nov 1999 A
5983216 Kirsch et al. Nov 1999 A
5987132 Rowney Nov 1999 A
5987140 Rowney et al. Nov 1999 A
5987401 Trudeau Nov 1999 A
5987404 Della Pietra et al. Nov 1999 A
5987440 O'Neil et al. Nov 1999 A
5990887 Redpath et al. Nov 1999 A
5991441 Jourjine Nov 1999 A
5995460 Takagi et al. Nov 1999 A
5995590 Brunet et al. Nov 1999 A
5995918 Kendall et al. Nov 1999 A
5998972 Gong Dec 1999 A
5999169 Lee Dec 1999 A
5999895 Forest Dec 1999 A
5999908 Abelow Dec 1999 A
5999927 Tukey et al. Dec 1999 A
6006274 Hawkins et al. Dec 1999 A
6009237 Hirabayashi et al. Dec 1999 A
6011585 Anderson Jan 2000 A
6014428 Wolf Jan 2000 A
6016471 Kuhn et al. Jan 2000 A
6017219 Adams, Jr. et al. Jan 2000 A
6018705 Gaudet Jan 2000 A
6018711 French-St. George et al. Jan 2000 A
6020881 Naughton et al. Feb 2000 A
6023536 Visser Feb 2000 A
6023676 Erell Feb 2000 A
6023684 Pearson Feb 2000 A
6024288 Gottlich et al. Feb 2000 A
6026345 Shah et al. Feb 2000 A
6026375 Hall et al. Feb 2000 A
6026388 Liddy et al. Feb 2000 A
6026393 Gupta et al. Feb 2000 A
6029132 Kuhn et al. Feb 2000 A
6029135 Krasle Feb 2000 A
6035267 Watanabe et al. Mar 2000 A
6035303 Baer et al. Mar 2000 A
6035336 Lu et al. Mar 2000 A
6038533 Buchsbaum et al. Mar 2000 A
6040824 Maekawa et al. Mar 2000 A
6041023 Lakhansingh Mar 2000 A
6047255 Williamson Apr 2000 A
6047300 Walfish et al. Apr 2000 A
6052654 Gaudet et al. Apr 2000 A
6052656 Suda et al. Apr 2000 A
6054990 Tran Apr 2000 A
6055514 Wren Apr 2000 A
6055531 Bennett et al. Apr 2000 A
6064767 Muir et al. May 2000 A
6064951 Park et al. May 2000 A
6064959 Young et al. May 2000 A
6064960 Bellegarda et al. May 2000 A
6064963 Gainsboro May 2000 A
6067519 Lowry May 2000 A
6069648 Suso et al. May 2000 A
6070138 Iwata May 2000 A
6070139 Miyazawa et al. May 2000 A
6070140 Tran May 2000 A
6070147 Harms et al. May 2000 A
6073033 Campo Jun 2000 A
6073036 Heikkinen et al. Jun 2000 A
6073097 Gould et al. Jun 2000 A
6076051 Messerly et al. Jun 2000 A
6076060 Lin et al. Jun 2000 A
6076088 Palk et al. Jun 2000 A
6078885 Beutnagel Jun 2000 A
6078914 Redfern Jun 2000 A
6081750 Hoffberg et al. Jun 2000 A
6081774 de Hita et al. Jun 2000 A
6081780 Lumelsky Jun 2000 A
6085204 Chijiwa et al. Jul 2000 A
6088671 Gould et al. Jul 2000 A
6088731 Kiraly et al. Jul 2000 A
6092036 Hamann et al. Jul 2000 A
6092043 Squires et al. Jul 2000 A
6094649 Bowen et al. Jul 2000 A
6097391 Wilcox Aug 2000 A
6101468 Gould et al. Aug 2000 A
6101470 Eide et al. Aug 2000 A
6105865 Hardesty Aug 2000 A
6108627 Sabourin Aug 2000 A
6108640 Slotznick Aug 2000 A
6111562 Downs et al. Aug 2000 A
6111572 Blair et al. Aug 2000 A
6115686 Chung et al. Sep 2000 A
6116907 Baker et al. Sep 2000 A
6119101 Peckover Sep 2000 A
6121960 Carroll et al. Sep 2000 A
6122340 Darley et al. Sep 2000 A
6122614 Kahn et al. Sep 2000 A
6122616 Henton Sep 2000 A
6122647 Horowitz et al. Sep 2000 A
6125284 Moore et al. Sep 2000 A
6125346 Nishimura et al. Sep 2000 A
6125356 Brockman et al. Sep 2000 A
6129582 Wilhite et al. Oct 2000 A
6138098 Shieber et al. Oct 2000 A
6138158 Boyle et al. Oct 2000 A
6141642 Oh Oct 2000 A
6141644 Kuhn et al. Oct 2000 A
6144377 Oppermann et al. Nov 2000 A
6144380 Shwarts et al. Nov 2000 A
6144938 Surace et al. Nov 2000 A
6144939 Pearson et al. Nov 2000 A
6151401 Annaratone Nov 2000 A
6154551 Frenkel Nov 2000 A
6154720 Onishi et al. Nov 2000 A
6157935 Tran et al. Dec 2000 A
6161084 Messerly et al. Dec 2000 A
6161087 Wightman et al. Dec 2000 A
6161944 Leman Dec 2000 A
6163769 Acero et al. Dec 2000 A
6163809 Buckley Dec 2000 A
6167369 Schulze Dec 2000 A
6169538 Nowlan et al. Jan 2001 B1
6172948 Keller et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173194 Vanttila Jan 2001 B1
6173251 Ito et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173261 Arai et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173263 Conkie Jan 2001 B1
6173279 Levin et al. Jan 2001 B1
6177905 Welch Jan 2001 B1
6177931 Alexander et al. Jan 2001 B1
6179432 Zhang et al. Jan 2001 B1
6182028 Karaall et al. Jan 2001 B1
6185533 Holm et al. Feb 2001 B1
6188391 Seely et al. Feb 2001 B1
6188967 Kurtzberg et al. Feb 2001 B1
6188999 Moody Feb 2001 B1
6191939 Burnett Feb 2001 B1
6192253 Charlier et al. Feb 2001 B1
6192340 Abecassis Feb 2001 B1
6195641 Loring et al. Feb 2001 B1
6199076 Logan et al. Mar 2001 B1
6205456 Nakao Mar 2001 B1
6208044 Viswanadham et al. Mar 2001 B1
6208932 Ohmura et al. Mar 2001 B1
6208956 Motoyama Mar 2001 B1
6208964 Sabourin Mar 2001 B1
6208967 Pauws et al. Mar 2001 B1
6208971 Bellegarda et al. Mar 2001 B1
6212564 Harter et al. Apr 2001 B1
6216102 Martino et al. Apr 2001 B1
6216131 Liu et al. Apr 2001 B1
6217183 Shipman Apr 2001 B1
6222347 Gong Apr 2001 B1
6226403 Parthasarathy May 2001 B1
6226533 Akahane May 2001 B1
6226614 Mizuno et al. May 2001 B1
6226655 Borman et al. May 2001 B1
6230322 Saib et al. May 2001 B1
6232539 Looney et al. May 2001 B1
6232966 Kurlander May 2001 B1
6233545 Datig May 2001 B1
6233547 Denber et al. May 2001 B1
6233559 Balakrishnan May 2001 B1
6233578 Machihara et al. May 2001 B1
6237025 Ludwig et al. May 2001 B1
6240303 Katzur May 2001 B1
6243681 Guji et al. Jun 2001 B1
6246981 Papineni et al. Jun 2001 B1
6248946 Dwek Jun 2001 B1
6249606 Kiraly et al. Jun 2001 B1
6259436 Moon et al. Jul 2001 B1
6259826 Pollard et al. Jul 2001 B1
6260011 Heckerman et al. Jul 2001 B1
6260013 Sejnoha Jul 2001 B1
6260016 Holm et al. Jul 2001 B1
6260024 Shkedy Jul 2001 B1
6266098 Cove et al. Jul 2001 B1
6266637 Donovan et al. Jul 2001 B1
6268859 Andresen et al. Jul 2001 B1
6269712 Zentmyer Aug 2001 B1
6271835 Hoeksma Aug 2001 B1
6272456 De Campos Aug 2001 B1
6272464 Kiraz et al. Aug 2001 B1
6275795 Tzirkel-Hancock Aug 2001 B1
6275824 O'Flaherty et al. Aug 2001 B1
6278443 Amro et al. Aug 2001 B1
6278970 Milner Aug 2001 B1
6282507 Horiguchi et al. Aug 2001 B1
6282511 Mayer et al. Aug 2001 B1
6285785 Bellegarda et al. Sep 2001 B1
6285786 Seni et al. Sep 2001 B1
6289085 Miyashita et al. Sep 2001 B1
6289124 Okamoto Sep 2001 B1
6289301 Higginbotham et al. Sep 2001 B1
6289353 Hazlehurst et al. Sep 2001 B1
6292772 Kantrowitz Sep 2001 B1
6292778 Sukkar Sep 2001 B1
6295390 Kobayashi et al. Sep 2001 B1
6295541 Bodnar et al. Sep 2001 B1
6297818 Ulrich et al. Oct 2001 B1
6298314 Blackadar et al. Oct 2001 B1
6298321 Karlov et al. Oct 2001 B1
6300947 Kanevsky Oct 2001 B1
6304844 Pan et al. Oct 2001 B1
6304846 George et al. Oct 2001 B1
6307548 Flinchem et al. Oct 2001 B1
6308149 Gaussier et al. Oct 2001 B1
6310610 Beaton et al. Oct 2001 B1
6311157 Strong Oct 2001 B1
6311189 deVries et al. Oct 2001 B1
6317237 Nakao et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317594 Gossman et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317707 Bangalore et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317831 King Nov 2001 B1
6321092 Fitch et al. Nov 2001 B1
6321179 Glance et al. Nov 2001 B1
6323846 Westerman et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324499 Lewis et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324502 Handel et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324512 Junqua et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324514 Matulich et al. Nov 2001 B2
6330538 Breen Dec 2001 B1
6331867 Eberhard et al. Dec 2001 B1
6332175 Birrell et al. Dec 2001 B1
6334103 Surace et al. Dec 2001 B1
6335722 Tani et al. Jan 2002 B1
6336365 Blackadar et al. Jan 2002 B1
6336727 Kim Jan 2002 B1
6340937 Stepita-Klauco Jan 2002 B1
6341316 Kloba et al. Jan 2002 B1
6343267 Kuhn et al. Jan 2002 B1
6345240 Havens Feb 2002 B1
6345250 Martin Feb 2002 B1
6351522 Vitikainen Feb 2002 B1
6351762 Ludwig et al. Feb 2002 B1
6353442 Masui Mar 2002 B1
6353794 Davis et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356287 Ruberry et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356854 Schubert et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356864 Foltz et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356905 Gershman et al. Mar 2002 B1
6357147 Darley et al. Mar 2002 B1
6359572 Vale Mar 2002 B1
6359970 Burgess Mar 2002 B1
6360227 Aggarwal et al. Mar 2002 B1
6360237 Schulz et al. Mar 2002 B1
6363348 Besling et al. Mar 2002 B1
6366883 Campbell et al. Apr 2002 B1
6366884 Bellegarda et al. Apr 2002 B1
6374217 Bellegarda Apr 2002 B1
6374226 Hunt et al. Apr 2002 B1
6377530 Burrows Apr 2002 B1
6377925 Greene, Jr. et al. Apr 2002 B1
6377928 Saxena et al. Apr 2002 B1
6381593 Yano et al. Apr 2002 B1
6385586 Dietz May 2002 B1
6385662 Moon et al. May 2002 B1
6389114 Dowens et al. May 2002 B1
6397183 Baba et al. May 2002 B1
6397186 Bush et al. May 2002 B1
6400806 Uppaluru Jun 2002 B1
6400996 Hoffberg et al. Jun 2002 B1
6401065 Kanevsky et al. Jun 2002 B1
6401085 Gershman et al. Jun 2002 B1
6405169 Kondo et al. Jun 2002 B1
6405238 Votipka Jun 2002 B1
6408272 White et al. Jun 2002 B1
6411924 De Hita et al. Jun 2002 B1
6411932 Molnar et al. Jun 2002 B1
6415250 Van Den Akker Jul 2002 B1
6417873 Fletcher et al. Jul 2002 B1
6421305 Gioscia et al. Jul 2002 B1
6421672 McAllister et al. Jul 2002 B1
6421707 Miller et al. Jul 2002 B1
6424944 Hikawa Jul 2002 B1
6430551 Thelen et al. Aug 2002 B1
6434522 Tsuboka Aug 2002 B1
6434524 Weber Aug 2002 B1
6434529 Walker et al. Aug 2002 B1
6434604 Harada et al. Aug 2002 B1
6437818 Ludwig et al. Aug 2002 B1
6438523 Oberteuffer et al. Aug 2002 B1
6442518 Van Thong et al. Aug 2002 B1
6442523 Siegel Aug 2002 B1
6446076 Burkey et al. Sep 2002 B1
6448485 Barile Sep 2002 B1
6448986 Smith Sep 2002 B1
6449620 Draper et al. Sep 2002 B1
6453281 Walters et al. Sep 2002 B1
6453292 Ramaswamy et al. Sep 2002 B2
6453312 Goiffon et al. Sep 2002 B1
6453315 Weissman et al. Sep 2002 B1
6456616 Rantanen Sep 2002 B1
6456972 Gladstein et al. Sep 2002 B1
6460015 Hetherington et al. Oct 2002 B1
6460029 Fries et al. Oct 2002 B1
6462778 Abram et al. Oct 2002 B1
6463128 Elwin Oct 2002 B1
6463413 Applebaum et al. Oct 2002 B1
6466654 Cooper et al. Oct 2002 B1
6467924 Shipman Oct 2002 B2
6469712 Hilpert, Jr. et al. Oct 2002 B1
6469722 Kinoe et al. Oct 2002 B1
6469732 Chang et al. Oct 2002 B1
6470347 Gillam Oct 2002 B1
6473630 Baranowski et al. Oct 2002 B1
6477488 Bellegarda Nov 2002 B1
6477494 Hyde-Thomson et al. Nov 2002 B2
6487533 Hyde-Thomson et al. Nov 2002 B2
6487534 Thelen et al. Nov 2002 B1
6487663 Jaisimha et al. Nov 2002 B1
6489951 Wong et al. Dec 2002 B1
6490560 Ramaswamy et al. Dec 2002 B1
6493006 Gourdol et al. Dec 2002 B1
6493428 Hillier Dec 2002 B1
6493652 Ohlenbusch et al. Dec 2002 B1
6493667 De Souza et al. Dec 2002 B1
6499013 Weber Dec 2002 B1
6499014 Chihara Dec 2002 B1
6499016 Anderson et al. Dec 2002 B1
6501937 Ho et al. Dec 2002 B1
6502194 Berman et al. Dec 2002 B1
6505158 Conkie Jan 2003 B1
6505175 Silverman et al. Jan 2003 B1
6505183 Loofbourrow et al. Jan 2003 B1
6507829 Richards et al. Jan 2003 B1
6510406 Marchisio Jan 2003 B1
6510412 Sasai et al. Jan 2003 B1
6510417 Woods et al. Jan 2003 B1
6513006 Howard et al. Jan 2003 B2
6513008 Pearson et al. Jan 2003 B2
6513063 Julia et al. Jan 2003 B1
6519565 Clements et al. Feb 2003 B1
6519566 Boyer et al. Feb 2003 B1
6523026 Gillis Feb 2003 B1
6523061 Halverson et al. Feb 2003 B1
6523172 Martinez-Guerra et al. Feb 2003 B1
6526351 Whitham Feb 2003 B2
6526382 Yuschik Feb 2003 B1
6526395 Morris Feb 2003 B1
6529592 Khan Mar 2003 B1
6529608 Gersabeck et al. Mar 2003 B2
6532444 Weber Mar 2003 B1
6532446 King Mar 2003 B1
6535610 Stewart Mar 2003 B1
6535852 Eide Mar 2003 B2
6535983 McCormack et al. Mar 2003 B1
6536139 Dailey et al. Mar 2003 B2
6538665 Crow et al. Mar 2003 B2
6542171 Satou et al. Apr 2003 B1
6542584 Sherwood et al. Apr 2003 B1
6546262 Freadman Apr 2003 B1
6546367 Otsuka Apr 2003 B2
6546388 Edlund et al. Apr 2003 B1
6549497 Miyamoto et al. Apr 2003 B2
6553343 Kagoshima et al. Apr 2003 B1
6553344 Bellegarda et al. Apr 2003 B2
6556971 Rigsby et al. Apr 2003 B1
6556983 Altschuler et al. Apr 2003 B1
6560903 Darley May 2003 B1
6563769 Van Der Meulen May 2003 B1
6564186 Kiraly et al. May 2003 B1
6567549 Marianetti et al. May 2003 B1
6570557 Westerman et al. May 2003 B1
6570596 Frederiksen May 2003 B2
6582342 Kaufman Jun 2003 B2
6583806 Ludwig et al. Jun 2003 B2
6584464 Warthen Jun 2003 B1
6587403 Keller et al. Jul 2003 B1
6587404 Keller et al. Jul 2003 B1
6590303 Austin et al. Jul 2003 B1
6591379 LeVine et al. Jul 2003 B1
6594673 Smith et al. Jul 2003 B1
6594688 Ludwig et al. Jul 2003 B2
6597345 Hirshberg Jul 2003 B2
6598021 Shambaugh et al. Jul 2003 B1
6598022 Yuschik Jul 2003 B2
6598039 Livowsky Jul 2003 B1
6598054 Schuetze et al. Jul 2003 B2
6601026 Appelt et al. Jul 2003 B2
6601234 Bowman-Amuah Jul 2003 B1
6603837 Kesanupalli et al. Aug 2003 B1
6604059 Strubbe et al. Aug 2003 B2
6606101 Malamud et al. Aug 2003 B1
6606388 Townsend et al. Aug 2003 B1
6606632 Saulpaugh et al. Aug 2003 B1
6611789 Darley Aug 2003 B1
6615172 Bennett et al. Sep 2003 B1
6615175 Gazdzinski Sep 2003 B1
6615176 Lewis et al. Sep 2003 B2
6615220 Austin et al. Sep 2003 B1
6621768 Keller et al. Sep 2003 B1
6621892 Banister et al. Sep 2003 B1
6622121 Crepy et al. Sep 2003 B1
6622136 Russell Sep 2003 B2
6623529 Lakritz Sep 2003 B1
6625583 Silverman et al. Sep 2003 B1
6628808 Bach et al. Sep 2003 B1
6631186 Adams et al. Oct 2003 B1
6631346 Karaorman et al. Oct 2003 B1
6633741 Posa et al. Oct 2003 B1
6633846 Bennett et al. Oct 2003 B1
6633932 Bork et al. Oct 2003 B1
6642940 Dakss et al. Nov 2003 B1
6643401 Kashioka et al. Nov 2003 B1
6643824 Bates et al. Nov 2003 B1
6647260 Dusse et al. Nov 2003 B2
6650735 Burton et al. Nov 2003 B2
6651042 Field et al. Nov 2003 B1
6651218 Adler et al. Nov 2003 B1
6654740 Tokuda et al. Nov 2003 B2
6658389 Alpdemir Dec 2003 B1
6658408 Yano et al. Dec 2003 B2
6658577 Huppi et al. Dec 2003 B2
6661438 Shiraishi et al. Dec 2003 B1
6662023 Helle Dec 2003 B1
6665639 Mozer et al. Dec 2003 B2
6665640 Bennett et al. Dec 2003 B1
6665641 Coorman et al. Dec 2003 B1
6671672 Heck Dec 2003 B1
6671683 Kanno Dec 2003 B2
6671856 Gillam Dec 2003 B1
6675169 Bennett et al. Jan 2004 B1
6675233 Du et al. Jan 2004 B1
6677932 Westerman Jan 2004 B1
6680675 Suzuki Jan 2004 B1
6684187 Conkie Jan 2004 B1
6684376 Kerzman et al. Jan 2004 B1
6690387 Zimmerman et al. Feb 2004 B2
6690800 Resnick Feb 2004 B2
6690828 Meyers Feb 2004 B2
6691064 Vroman Feb 2004 B2
6691090 Laurila et al. Feb 2004 B1
6691111 Lazaridis et al. Feb 2004 B2
6691151 Cheyer et al. Feb 2004 B1
6694295 Lindholm et al. Feb 2004 B2
6694297 Sato Feb 2004 B2
6697780 Beutnagel et al. Feb 2004 B1
6697824 Bowman-Amuah Feb 2004 B1
6701294 Ball et al. Mar 2004 B1
6701305 Holt et al. Mar 2004 B1
6701318 Fox et al. Mar 2004 B2
6704015 Bovarnick et al. Mar 2004 B1
6704034 Rodriguez et al. Mar 2004 B1
6704698 Paulsen, Jr. et al. Mar 2004 B1
6704710 Strong Mar 2004 B2
6708153 Britten et al. Mar 2004 B2
6711585 Cooperman et al. Mar 2004 B1
6714221 Christie et al. Mar 2004 B1
6716139 Hosseinzadeh-Dolkhani et al. Apr 2004 B1
6718324 Edlund et al. Apr 2004 B2
6718331 Davis et al. Apr 2004 B2
6720980 Lui et al. Apr 2004 B1
6721728 McGreevy Apr 2004 B2
6721734 Subasic et al. Apr 2004 B1
6724370 Dutta et al. Apr 2004 B2
6725197 Wuppermann et al. Apr 2004 B1
6728675 Maddalozzo, Jr. et al. Apr 2004 B1
6728681 Whitham Apr 2004 B2
6728729 Jawa et al. Apr 2004 B1
6731312 Robbin May 2004 B2
6732142 Bates et al. May 2004 B1
6735632 Kiraly et al. May 2004 B1
6738738 Henton May 2004 B2
6741264 Lesser May 2004 B1
6742021 Halverson et al. May 2004 B1
6751592 Shiga Jun 2004 B1
6751595 Busayapongchai et al. Jun 2004 B2
6751621 Calistri-Yeh et al. Jun 2004 B1
6754504 Reed Jun 2004 B1
6757362 Cooper et al. Jun 2004 B1
6757365 Bogard Jun 2004 B1
6757646 Marchisio Jun 2004 B2
6757653 Buth et al. Jun 2004 B2
6757718 Halverson et al. Jun 2004 B1
6760412 Loucks Jul 2004 B1
6760700 Lewis et al. Jul 2004 B2
6760754 Isaacs et al. Jul 2004 B1
6762741 Weindorf Jul 2004 B2
6762777 Carroll Jul 2004 B2
6763089 Feigenbaum Jul 2004 B2
6766294 MacGinite et al. Jul 2004 B2
6766320 Wang et al. Jul 2004 B1
6766324 Carlson et al. Jul 2004 B2
6768979 Menendez-Pidal et al. Jul 2004 B1
6771982 Toupin et al. Aug 2004 B1
6772123 Cooklev et al. Aug 2004 B2
6772195 Hatlelid et al. Aug 2004 B1
6772394 Kamada Aug 2004 B1
6775358 Breitenbach et al. Aug 2004 B1
6778951 Contractor Aug 2004 B1
6778952 Bellegarda Aug 2004 B2
6778962 Kasai et al. Aug 2004 B1
6778970 Au Aug 2004 B2
6778979 Grefenstette et al. Aug 2004 B2
6782510 Gross et al. Aug 2004 B1
6784901 Harvey et al. Aug 2004 B1
6789094 Rudoff et al. Sep 2004 B2
6789231 Reynar et al. Sep 2004 B1
6790704 Doyle et al. Sep 2004 B2
6792082 Levine Sep 2004 B1
6792083 Dams et al. Sep 2004 B2
6792086 Saylor et al. Sep 2004 B1
6792407 Pachet et al. Sep 2004 B2
6794566 Pachet Sep 2004 B2
6795059 Endo Sep 2004 B2
6799226 Robbin et al. Sep 2004 B1
6801604 Maes et al. Oct 2004 B2
6801964 Mahdavi Oct 2004 B1
6803905 Capps et al. Oct 2004 B1
6804649 Miranda Oct 2004 B2
6804677 Shadmon et al. Oct 2004 B2
6807536 Achlioptas et al. Oct 2004 B2
6807574 Partovi et al. Oct 2004 B1
6809724 Shiraishi et al. Oct 2004 B1
6810379 Vermeulen et al. Oct 2004 B1
6813218 Antonelli et al. Nov 2004 B1
6813491 McKinney Nov 2004 B1
6813607 Faruquie et al. Nov 2004 B1
6816578 Kredo et al. Nov 2004 B1
6820055 Saindon et al. Nov 2004 B2
6829018 Lin et al. Dec 2004 B2
6829603 Chai et al. Dec 2004 B1
6832194 Mozer et al. Dec 2004 B1
6832381 Mathur et al. Dec 2004 B1
6836651 Segal et al. Dec 2004 B2
6836760 Bellegarda et al. Dec 2004 B1
6839464 Hawkins et al. Jan 2005 B2
6839669 Gould et al. Jan 2005 B1
6839670 Stammler et al. Jan 2005 B1
6839742 Dyer et al. Jan 2005 B1
6842767 Partovi et al. Jan 2005 B1
6847966 Sommer et al. Jan 2005 B1
6847979 Allemang et al. Jan 2005 B2
6850775 Berg Feb 2005 B1
6850887 Epstein et al. Feb 2005 B2
6851115 Cheyer et al. Feb 2005 B1
6856259 Sharp Feb 2005 B1
6857800 Zhang et al. Feb 2005 B2
6859931 Cheyer et al. Feb 2005 B1
6862568 Case Mar 2005 B2
6862710 Marchisio Mar 2005 B1
6865533 Addison et al. Mar 2005 B2
6868045 Schroder Mar 2005 B1
6868385 Gerson Mar 2005 B1
6870529 Davis Mar 2005 B1
6871346 Kumbalimutt et al. Mar 2005 B1
6873986 McConnell et al. Mar 2005 B2
6876947 Darley et al. Apr 2005 B1
6877003 Ho et al. Apr 2005 B2
6879957 Pechter et al. Apr 2005 B1
6882335 Saarinen Apr 2005 B2
6882337 Shetter Apr 2005 B2
6882747 Thawonmas et al. Apr 2005 B2
6882955 Ohlenbusch et al. Apr 2005 B1
6882971 Craner Apr 2005 B2
6885734 Eberle et al. Apr 2005 B1
6889361 Bates et al. May 2005 B1
6895084 Saylor et al. May 2005 B1
6895257 Boman et al. May 2005 B2
6895380 Sepe, Jr. May 2005 B2
6895558 Loveland May 2005 B1
6898550 Blackadar et al. May 2005 B1
6901364 Nguyen et al. May 2005 B2
6901399 Corston et al. May 2005 B1
6904405 Suominen Jun 2005 B2
6907112 Guedalia et al. Jun 2005 B1
6907140 Matsugu et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910004 Tarbouriech et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910007 Stylianou et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910012 Hartley et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910186 Kim Jun 2005 B2
6911971 Suzuki et al. Jun 2005 B2
6912407 Clarke et al. Jun 2005 B1
6912498 Stevens et al. Jun 2005 B2
6912499 Sabourin et al. Jun 2005 B1
6915138 Kraft Jul 2005 B2
6915246 Gusler et al. Jul 2005 B2
6915294 Singh et al. Jul 2005 B1
6917373 Vong et al. Jul 2005 B2
6918677 Shipman Jul 2005 B2
6924828 Hirsch Aug 2005 B1
6925438 Mohamed et al. Aug 2005 B2
6928149 Panjwani et al. Aug 2005 B1
6928614 Everhart Aug 2005 B1
6931255 Mekuria Aug 2005 B2
6931384 Horvitz et al. Aug 2005 B1
6932708 Yamashita et al. Aug 2005 B2
6933928 Lilienthal Aug 2005 B1
6934394 Anderson Aug 2005 B1
6934684 Alpdemir et al. Aug 2005 B2
6934756 Maes Aug 2005 B2
6934812 Robbin et al. Aug 2005 B1
6937975 Elworthy Aug 2005 B1
6937986 Denenberg et al. Aug 2005 B2
6944593 Kuzunuki et al. Sep 2005 B2
6948094 Schultz et al. Sep 2005 B2
6950087 Knox et al. Sep 2005 B2
6950502 Jenkins Sep 2005 B1
6952799 Edwards et al. Oct 2005 B2
6954755 Reisman Oct 2005 B2
6954899 Anderson Oct 2005 B1
6956845 Baker et al. Oct 2005 B2
6957076 Hunzinger Oct 2005 B2
6957183 Malayath et al. Oct 2005 B2
6960734 Park Nov 2005 B1
6961699 Kahn et al. Nov 2005 B1
6961912 Aoki et al. Nov 2005 B2
6963759 Gerson Nov 2005 B1
6963841 Handal et al. Nov 2005 B2
6964023 Maes et al. Nov 2005 B2
6965376 Tani et al. Nov 2005 B2
6965863 Zuberec et al. Nov 2005 B1
6968311 Knockeart et al. Nov 2005 B2
6970820 Junqua et al. Nov 2005 B2
6970881 Mohan et al. Nov 2005 B1
6970915 Partovi et al. Nov 2005 B1
6970935 Maes Nov 2005 B1
6976090 Ben-Shaul et al. Dec 2005 B2
6978127 Bulthuis et al. Dec 2005 B1
6978239 Chu et al. Dec 2005 B2
6980949 Ford Dec 2005 B2
6980953 Kanevsky et al. Dec 2005 B1
6980955 Okutani et al. Dec 2005 B2
6983251 Umemoto et al. Jan 2006 B1
6985858 Frey et al. Jan 2006 B2
6985865 Packingham et al. Jan 2006 B1
6985958 Zwiegincew et al. Jan 2006 B2
6988071 Gazdzinski Jan 2006 B1
6990450 Case et al. Jan 2006 B2
6996520 Levin Feb 2006 B2
6996531 Korall et al. Feb 2006 B2
6996575 Cox et al. Feb 2006 B2
6999066 Litwiller Feb 2006 B2
6999914 Boerner et al. Feb 2006 B1
6999925 Fischer et al. Feb 2006 B2
6999927 Mozer et al. Feb 2006 B2
7000189 Dutta et al. Feb 2006 B2
7002556 Tsukada et al. Feb 2006 B2
7003099 Zhang et al. Feb 2006 B1
7003463 Maes et al. Feb 2006 B1
7003522 Reynar et al. Feb 2006 B1
7006969 Atal Feb 2006 B2
7006973 Genly et al. Feb 2006 B1
7007026 Wilkinson et al. Feb 2006 B2
7007239 Hawkins et al. Feb 2006 B1
7010581 Brown et al. Mar 2006 B2
7013289 Horn et al. Mar 2006 B2
7013308 Tunstall-Pedoe Mar 2006 B1
7013429 Fujimoto et al. Mar 2006 B2
7015894 Morohoshi Mar 2006 B2
7020685 Chen et al. Mar 2006 B1
7024363 Comerford et al. Apr 2006 B1
7024364 Guerra et al. Apr 2006 B2
7024366 Deyoe et al. Apr 2006 B1
7024460 Koopmas et al. Apr 2006 B2
7027568 Simpson et al. Apr 2006 B1
7027974 Busch et al. Apr 2006 B1
7027990 Sussman Apr 2006 B2
7028252 Baru et al. Apr 2006 B1
7030861 Westerman et al. Apr 2006 B1
7031530 Driggs et al. Apr 2006 B2
7031909 Mao et al. Apr 2006 B2
7035794 Sirivara Apr 2006 B2
7035801 Jimenez-Feltstrom Apr 2006 B2
7035807 Brittain et al. Apr 2006 B1
7036128 Julia et al. Apr 2006 B1
7036681 Suda et al. May 2006 B2
7038659 Rajkowski May 2006 B2
7039588 Okutani et al. May 2006 B2
7043420 Ratnaparkhi May 2006 B2
7043422 Gao et al. May 2006 B2
7046230 Zadesky et al. May 2006 B2
7046850 Brasperining et al. May 2006 B2
7047193 Bellegarda May 2006 B1
7050550 Steinbiss et al. May 2006 B2
7050976 Packingham May 2006 B1
7050977 Bennett May 2006 B1
7051096 Krawiec et al. May 2006 B1
7054419 Culliss May 2006 B2
7054888 LaChapelle et al. May 2006 B2
7057607 Mayoraz et al. Jun 2006 B2
7058569 Coorman et al. Jun 2006 B2
7058888 Gjerstad et al. Jun 2006 B1
7058889 Trovato et al. Jun 2006 B2
7062223 Gerber et al. Jun 2006 B2
7062225 White Jun 2006 B2
7062428 Hogenhout et al. Jun 2006 B2
7062438 Kobayashi et al. Jun 2006 B2
7065185 Koch Jun 2006 B1
7065485 Chong-White et al. Jun 2006 B1
7069213 Thompson Jun 2006 B2
7069220 Coffman et al. Jun 2006 B2
7069560 Cheyer et al. Jun 2006 B1
7072686 Schrager Jul 2006 B1
7072941 Griffin et al. Jul 2006 B2
7076527 Bellegarda et al. Jul 2006 B2
7079713 Simmons Jul 2006 B2
7082322 Harano Jul 2006 B2
7084758 Cole Aug 2006 B1
7084856 Huppi Aug 2006 B2
7085723 Ross et al. Aug 2006 B2
7085960 Bouat et al. Aug 2006 B2
7088345 Robinson et al. Aug 2006 B2
7089292 Roderick et al. Aug 2006 B1
7092370 Jiang et al. Aug 2006 B2
7092887 Mozer et al. Aug 2006 B2
7092928 Elad et al. Aug 2006 B1
7092950 Wong et al. Aug 2006 B2
7093693 Gazdzinski Aug 2006 B1
7095733 Yarlagadda et al. Aug 2006 B1
7096183 Junqua Aug 2006 B2
7100117 Chwa et al. Aug 2006 B1
7103548 Squibbs et al. Sep 2006 B2
7107204 Liu et al. Sep 2006 B1
7111248 Mulvey et al. Sep 2006 B2
7111774 Song Sep 2006 B2
7113803 Dehlin Sep 2006 B2
7113943 Bradford et al. Sep 2006 B2
7115035 Tanaka Oct 2006 B2
7117231 Fischer et al. Oct 2006 B2
7120865 Horvitz et al. Oct 2006 B1
7123696 Lowe Oct 2006 B2
7124081 Bellegarda Oct 2006 B1
7124082 Freedman Oct 2006 B2
7124164 Chemtob Oct 2006 B1
7127046 Smith et al. Oct 2006 B1
7127394 Strong et al. Oct 2006 B2
7127396 Chu et al. Oct 2006 B2
7127403 Saylor et al. Oct 2006 B1
7133900 Szeto Nov 2006 B1
7136710 Hoffberg et al. Nov 2006 B1
7136818 Cosatto et al. Nov 2006 B1
7137126 Coffman et al. Nov 2006 B1
7139697 Häkkinen et al. Nov 2006 B2
7139714 Bennett et al. Nov 2006 B2
7139722 Perrella et al. Nov 2006 B2
7143028 Hillis et al. Nov 2006 B2
7143038 Katae Nov 2006 B2
7143040 Durston et al. Nov 2006 B2
7146319 Hunt Dec 2006 B2
7146437 Robbin et al. Dec 2006 B2
7149319 Roeck Dec 2006 B2
7149695 Bellegarda Dec 2006 B1
7149964 Cottrille et al. Dec 2006 B1
7152070 Musick et al. Dec 2006 B1
7152093 Ludwig et al. Dec 2006 B2
7154526 Foote et al. Dec 2006 B2
7155668 Holland et al. Dec 2006 B2
7158647 Azima et al. Jan 2007 B2
7159174 Johnson et al. Jan 2007 B2
7162412 Yamada et al. Jan 2007 B2
7162482 Dunning Jan 2007 B1
7165073 Vandersluis Jan 2007 B2
7166791 Robbin et al. Jan 2007 B2
7171350 Lin et al. Jan 2007 B2
7171360 Huang et al. Jan 2007 B2
7174042 Simmons et al. Feb 2007 B1
7174295 Kivimaki Feb 2007 B1
7174297 Guerra et al. Feb 2007 B2
7174298 Sharma Feb 2007 B2
7177794 Mani et al. Feb 2007 B2
7177798 Hsu et al. Feb 2007 B2
7177817 Khosla et al. Feb 2007 B1
7181386 Mohri et al. Feb 2007 B2
7181388 Tian Feb 2007 B2
7184064 Zimmerman et al. Feb 2007 B2
7185276 Keswa Feb 2007 B2
7188085 Pelletier Mar 2007 B2
7190351 Goren Mar 2007 B1
7190794 Hinde Mar 2007 B2
7191118 Bellegarda Mar 2007 B2
7191131 Nagao Mar 2007 B1
7193615 Kim et al. Mar 2007 B2
7194186 Strub et al. Mar 2007 B1
7194413 Mahoney et al. Mar 2007 B2
7194471 Nagatsuka et al. Mar 2007 B1
7194611 Bear et al. Mar 2007 B2
7194699 Thomson et al. Mar 2007 B2
7197120 Luehrig et al. Mar 2007 B2
7197460 Gupta et al. Mar 2007 B1
7200550 Menezes et al. Apr 2007 B2
7200558 Kato et al. Apr 2007 B2
7200559 Wang Apr 2007 B2
7203297 Vitikainen et al. Apr 2007 B2
7203646 Bennett Apr 2007 B2
7206809 Ludwig et al. Apr 2007 B2
7216008 Sakata May 2007 B2
7216073 Lavi et al. May 2007 B2
7216080 Tsiao et al. May 2007 B2
7218920 Hyon May 2007 B2
7218943 Klassen et al. May 2007 B2
7219063 Schalk et al. May 2007 B2
7219123 Fiechter et al. May 2007 B1
7225125 Bennett et al. May 2007 B2
7228278 Nguyen et al. Jun 2007 B2
7231343 Treadgold et al. Jun 2007 B1
7231597 Braun et al. Jun 2007 B1
7233790 Kjellberg et al. Jun 2007 B2
7233904 Luisi Jun 2007 B2
7234026 Robbin et al. Jun 2007 B2
7236932 Grajski Jun 2007 B1
7240002 Minamino et al. Jul 2007 B2
7243130 Horvitz et al. Jul 2007 B2
7243305 Schabes et al. Jul 2007 B2
7246118 Chastain et al. Jul 2007 B2
7246151 Isaacs et al. Jul 2007 B2
7248900 Deeds Jul 2007 B2
7251313 Miller et al. Jul 2007 B1
7251454 White Jul 2007 B2
7254773 Bates et al. Aug 2007 B2
7257537 Ross et al. Aug 2007 B2
7259752 Simmons Aug 2007 B1
7260529 Lengen Aug 2007 B1
7260567 Parikh et al. Aug 2007 B2
7263373 Mattisson Aug 2007 B2
7266189 Day Sep 2007 B1
7266495 Beaufays et al. Sep 2007 B1
7266496 Wang et al. Sep 2007 B2
7266499 Surace et al. Sep 2007 B2
7269544 Simske Sep 2007 B2
7269556 Kiss et al. Sep 2007 B2
7272224 Normile et al. Sep 2007 B1
7275063 Horn Sep 2007 B2
7277088 Robinson et al. Oct 2007 B2
7277854 Bennett et al. Oct 2007 B2
7277855 Acker et al. Oct 2007 B1
7280958 Pavlov et al. Oct 2007 B2
7283072 Plachta et al. Oct 2007 B1
7289102 Hinckley et al. Oct 2007 B2
7290039 Lisitsa et al. Oct 2007 B1
7292579 Morris Nov 2007 B2
7292979 Karas et al. Nov 2007 B2
7296230 Fukatsu et al. Nov 2007 B2
7299033 Kjellberg et al. Nov 2007 B2
7302392 Thenthiruperai et al. Nov 2007 B1
7302394 Baray et al. Nov 2007 B1
7302686 Togawa Nov 2007 B2
7308404 Venkataraman et al. Dec 2007 B2
7308408 Stifelman et al. Dec 2007 B1
7310329 Vieri et al. Dec 2007 B2
7310600 Garner et al. Dec 2007 B1
7310605 Janakiraman et al. Dec 2007 B2
7313523 Bellegarda et al. Dec 2007 B1
7315809 Xun Jan 2008 B2
7315818 Stevens et al. Jan 2008 B2
7319957 Robinson et al. Jan 2008 B2
7321783 Kim, II Jan 2008 B2
7322023 Shulman et al. Jan 2008 B2
7324833 White et al. Jan 2008 B2
7324947 Jordan et al. Jan 2008 B2
7328155 Endo et al. Feb 2008 B2
7328250 Wang et al. Feb 2008 B2
7345670 Armstrong Mar 2008 B2
7345671 Robbin et al. Mar 2008 B2
7349953 Lisitsa et al. Mar 2008 B2
7353139 Burrell et al. Apr 2008 B1
7359493 Wang et al. Apr 2008 B1
7359671 Richenstein et al. Apr 2008 B2
7359851 Tong et al. Apr 2008 B2
7360158 Beeman Apr 2008 B1
7362738 Taube et al. Apr 2008 B2
7363227 Mapes-Riordan et al. Apr 2008 B2
7363586 Briggs et al. Apr 2008 B1
7365260 Kawashima Apr 2008 B2
7366461 Brown Apr 2008 B1
7373612 Risch et al. May 2008 B2
7376556 Bennett May 2008 B2
7376632 Sadek et al. May 2008 B1
7376645 Bernard May 2008 B2
7378963 Begault et al. May 2008 B1
7379874 Schmid et al. May 2008 B2
7380203 Keely et al. May 2008 B2
7383170 Mills et al. Jun 2008 B2
7386438 Franz et al. Jun 2008 B1
7386449 Sun et al. Jun 2008 B2
7386799 Clanton et al. Jun 2008 B1
7389224 Elworthy Jun 2008 B1
7389225 Jensen et al. Jun 2008 B1
7392185 Bennett Jun 2008 B2
7394947 Li et al. Jul 2008 B2
7398209 Kennewick et al. Jul 2008 B2
7401300 Nurmi Jul 2008 B2
7403938 Harrison et al. Jul 2008 B2
7403941 Bedworth et al. Jul 2008 B2
7404143 Freelander et al. Jul 2008 B2
7409337 Potter et al. Aug 2008 B1
7409347 Bellegarda Aug 2008 B1
7412389 Yang Aug 2008 B2
7412470 Masuno et al. Aug 2008 B2
7415100 Cooper et al. Aug 2008 B2
7415469 Singh et al. Aug 2008 B2
7418389 Chu et al. Aug 2008 B2
7418392 Mozer et al. Aug 2008 B1
7426467 Nashida et al. Sep 2008 B2
7426468 Coifman et al. Sep 2008 B2
7427024 Gazdzinski et al. Sep 2008 B1
7428541 Houle Sep 2008 B2
7433869 Gollapudi Oct 2008 B2
7433921 Ludwig et al. Oct 2008 B2
7436947 Wadier et al. Oct 2008 B2
7441184 Frerebeau et al. Oct 2008 B2
7443316 Lim Oct 2008 B2
7444589 Zellner Oct 2008 B2
7447360 Li et al. Nov 2008 B2
7447624 Fuhrmann et al. Nov 2008 B2
7447635 Konopka et al. Nov 2008 B1
7447637 Grant et al. Nov 2008 B1
7451081 Gajic et al. Nov 2008 B1
7454351 Jeschke et al. Nov 2008 B2
7460652 Chang Dec 2008 B2
7461043 Hess Dec 2008 B2
7467087 Gillick et al. Dec 2008 B1
7467164 Marsh Dec 2008 B2
7472061 Alewine et al. Dec 2008 B1
7472065 Aaron et al. Dec 2008 B2
7475010 Chao Jan 2009 B2
7475063 Datta et al. Jan 2009 B2
7477238 Fux et al. Jan 2009 B2
7477240 Yanagisawa Jan 2009 B2
7478037 Strong Jan 2009 B2
7478091 Mojsilovic et al. Jan 2009 B2
7478129 Chemtob Jan 2009 B1
7479948 Kim et al. Jan 2009 B2
7479949 Jobs et al. Jan 2009 B2
7483832 Tischer Jan 2009 B2
7483894 Cao Jan 2009 B2
7487089 Mozer Feb 2009 B2
7487093 Mutsuno et al. Feb 2009 B2
7490034 Finnigan et al. Feb 2009 B2
7490039 Shaffer et al. Feb 2009 B1
7493560 Kipnes et al. Feb 2009 B1
7496498 Chu et al. Feb 2009 B2
7496512 Zhao et al. Feb 2009 B2
7499923 Kawatani Mar 2009 B2
7502738 Kennewick et al. Mar 2009 B2
7505795 Lim et al. Mar 2009 B1
7508324 Suraqui Mar 2009 B2
7508373 Lin et al. Mar 2009 B2
7516123 Betz et al. Apr 2009 B2
7519327 White Apr 2009 B2
7519398 Hirose Apr 2009 B2
7522927 Fitch et al. Apr 2009 B2
7523036 Akabane et al. Apr 2009 B2
7523108 Cao Apr 2009 B2
7526466 Au Apr 2009 B2
7526738 Ording et al. Apr 2009 B2
7528713 Singh et al. May 2009 B2
7529671 Rockenbeck et al. May 2009 B2
7529676 Koyama May 2009 B2
7535997 McQuaide, Jr. et al. May 2009 B1
7536029 Choi et al. May 2009 B2
7536565 Girish et al. May 2009 B2
7538685 Cooper et al. May 2009 B1
7539619 Seligman et al. May 2009 B1
7539656 Fratkina et al. May 2009 B2
7541940 Upton Jun 2009 B2
7542967 Hurst-Hiller et al. Jun 2009 B2
7542971 Thione et al. Jun 2009 B2
7543232 Easton, Jr. et al. Jun 2009 B2
7546382 Healey et al. Jun 2009 B2
7546529 Reynar et al. Jun 2009 B2
7548895 Pulsipher Jun 2009 B2
7552045 Barliga et al. Jun 2009 B2
7552055 Lecoeuche Jun 2009 B2
7555431 Bennett Jun 2009 B2
7555496 Lantrip et al. Jun 2009 B1
7558381 Ali et al. Jul 2009 B1
7558730 Davis et al. Jul 2009 B2
7559026 Girish et al. Jul 2009 B2
7561069 Horstemeyer Jul 2009 B2
7562007 Hwang Jul 2009 B2
7562032 Abbosh et al. Jul 2009 B2
7565104 Brown et al. Jul 2009 B1
7565380 Venkatachary Jul 2009 B1
7571106 Cao et al. Aug 2009 B2
7577522 Rosenberg Aug 2009 B2
7580551 Srihari et al. Aug 2009 B1
7580576 Wang et al. Aug 2009 B2
7580839 Tamura et al. Aug 2009 B2
7584093 Potter et al. Sep 2009 B2
7584278 Rajarajan et al. Sep 2009 B2
7584429 Fabritius Sep 2009 B2
7593868 Margiloff et al. Sep 2009 B2
7596269 King et al. Sep 2009 B2
7596499 Anguera et al. Sep 2009 B2
7596606 Codignotto Sep 2009 B2
7596765 Alrnas Sep 2009 B2
7599918 Shen et al. Oct 2009 B2
7603381 Burke et al. Oct 2009 B2
7606444 Erol et al. Oct 2009 B1
7609179 Diaz-Gutierrez et al. Oct 2009 B2
7610258 Yuknewicz et al. Oct 2009 B2
7613264 Wells et al. Nov 2009 B2
7614008 Ording Nov 2009 B2
7617094 Aoki et al. Nov 2009 B2
7620407 Donald et al. Nov 2009 B1
7620549 Di Cristo et al. Nov 2009 B2
7620894 Kahn Nov 2009 B1
7623119 Autio et al. Nov 2009 B2
7624007 Bennett Nov 2009 B2
7627481 Kuo et al. Dec 2009 B1
7630901 Omi Dec 2009 B2
7633076 Huppi et al. Dec 2009 B2
7634409 Kennewick et al. Dec 2009 B2
7634413 Kuo et al. Dec 2009 B1
7634718 Nakajima Dec 2009 B2
7634732 Blagsvedt et al. Dec 2009 B1
7636657 Ju et al. Dec 2009 B2
7640158 Detlef et al. Dec 2009 B2
7640160 Di Cristo et al. Dec 2009 B2
7643990 Bellegarda Jan 2010 B1
7647225 Bennett et al. Jan 2010 B2
7649454 Singh et al. Jan 2010 B2
7649877 Vieri et al. Jan 2010 B2
7653883 Hotelling et al. Jan 2010 B2
7656393 King et al. Feb 2010 B2
7657424 Bennett Feb 2010 B2
7657828 Lucas et al. Feb 2010 B2
7657844 Gibson et al. Feb 2010 B2
7657849 Chaudhri et al. Feb 2010 B2
7663607 Hotelling et al. Feb 2010 B2
7664558 Lindahl et al. Feb 2010 B2
7664638 Cooper et al. Feb 2010 B2
7669134 Christie et al. Feb 2010 B1
7672841 Bennett Mar 2010 B2
7672952 Isaacson et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673238 Girish et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673340 Cohen et al. Mar 2010 B1
7676026 Baxter, Jr. Mar 2010 B1
7676365 Hwang et al. Mar 2010 B2
7676463 Thompson et al. Mar 2010 B2
7679534 Kay et al. Mar 2010 B2
7680649 Park Mar 2010 B2
7681126 Roose Mar 2010 B2
7683886 Willey Mar 2010 B2
7683893 Kim Mar 2010 B2
7684985 Dominach et al. Mar 2010 B2
7684990 Caskey et al. Mar 2010 B2
7684991 Stohr et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689245 Cox et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689408 Chen et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689409 Heinecke Mar 2010 B2
7689421 Li et al. Mar 2010 B2
7693715 Hwang et al. Apr 2010 B2
7693717 Kahn et al. Apr 2010 B2
7693719 Chu et al. Apr 2010 B2
7693720 Kennewick et al. Apr 2010 B2
7698131 Bennett Apr 2010 B2
7702500 Blaedow Apr 2010 B2
7702508 Bennett Apr 2010 B2
7703091 Martin et al. Apr 2010 B1
7706510 Ng Apr 2010 B2
7707026 Liu Apr 2010 B2
7707027 Balchandran et al. Apr 2010 B2
7707032 Wang et al. Apr 2010 B2
7707221 Dunning et al. Apr 2010 B1
7707267 Lisitsa et al. Apr 2010 B2
7710262 Ruha May 2010 B2
7711129 Lindahl et al. May 2010 B2
7711550 Feinberg et al. May 2010 B1
7711565 Gazdzinski May 2010 B1
7711672 Au May 2010 B2
7712053 Bradford et al. May 2010 B2
7716056 Weng et al. May 2010 B2
7716216 Hark et al. May 2010 B1
7720674 Kaiser et al. May 2010 B2
7720683 Vermeulen et al. May 2010 B1
7721226 Barabe et al. May 2010 B2
7721301 Wong et al. May 2010 B2
7724242 Hillis et al. May 2010 B2
7724696 Parekh May 2010 B1
7725307 Bennett May 2010 B2
7725318 Gavalda et al. May 2010 B2
7725320 Bennett May 2010 B2
7725321 Bennett May 2010 B2
7725838 Williams May 2010 B2
7729904 Bennett Jun 2010 B2
7729916 Coffman et al. Jun 2010 B2
7734461 Kwak et al. Jun 2010 B2
7735012 Naik Jun 2010 B2
7739588 Reynar et al. Jun 2010 B2
7742953 King et al. Jun 2010 B2
7743188 Haitani et al. Jun 2010 B2
7747616 Yamada et al. Jun 2010 B2
7752152 Paek et al. Jul 2010 B2
7756708 Cohen et al. Jul 2010 B2
7756868 Lee Jul 2010 B2
7756871 Yacoub et al. Jul 2010 B2
7757173 Beaman Jul 2010 B2
7757182 Elliott et al. Jul 2010 B2
7761296 Bakis et al. Jul 2010 B1
7763842 Hsu et al. Jul 2010 B2
7774204 Mozer et al. Aug 2010 B2
7774388 Runchey Aug 2010 B1
7777717 Fux et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778432 Larsen Aug 2010 B2
7778595 White et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778632 Kurlander et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778830 Davis et al. Aug 2010 B2
7779353 Grigoriu et al. Aug 2010 B2
7779356 Griesmer Aug 2010 B2
7779357 Naik Aug 2010 B2
7783283 Kuusinen et al. Aug 2010 B2
7783486 Rosser et al. Aug 2010 B2
7788590 Taboada et al. Aug 2010 B2
7796980 Mckinney et al. Sep 2010 B1
7797265 Brinker et al. Sep 2010 B2
7797269 Rieman et al. Sep 2010 B2
7797331 Theimer et al. Sep 2010 B2
7797629 Fux et al. Sep 2010 B2
7801721 Rosart et al. Sep 2010 B2
7801728 Ben-David et al. Sep 2010 B2
7801729 Mozer Sep 2010 B2
7805299 Coifman Sep 2010 B2
7808287 Miller Oct 2010 B2
7809565 Coifman Oct 2010 B2
7809569 Attwater et al. Oct 2010 B2
7809570 Kennewick et al. Oct 2010 B2
7809610 Cao Oct 2010 B2
7809744 Nevidomski et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818165 Carlgren et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818176 Freeman et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818215 King et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818291 Ferguson et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818672 Mccormack et al. Oct 2010 B2
7822608 Cross, Jr. et al. Oct 2010 B2
7823123 Sabbouh Oct 2010 B2
7826945 Zhang et al. Nov 2010 B2
7827047 Anderson et al. Nov 2010 B2
7831423 Schubert Nov 2010 B2
7831426 Bennett Nov 2010 B2
7831432 Bodin et al. Nov 2010 B2
7836437 Kacmarcik Nov 2010 B2
7840400 Lavi et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840447 Kleinrock et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840581 Ross et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840912 Elias et al. Nov 2010 B2
7848924 Nurminen et al. Dec 2010 B2
7848926 Goto et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853444 Wang et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853445 Bachenko et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853574 Kraenzel et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853577 Sundaresan et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853664 Wang et al. Dec 2010 B1
7853900 Nguyen et al. Dec 2010 B2
7865817 Ryan et al. Jan 2011 B2
7869999 Amato et al. Jan 2011 B2
7870118 Jiang et al. Jan 2011 B2
7870133 Krishnamoorthy et al. Jan 2011 B2
7873519 Bennett Jan 2011 B2
7873654 Bernard Jan 2011 B2
7877705 Chambers et al. Jan 2011 B2
7880730 Robinson et al. Feb 2011 B2
7881283 Cormier et al. Feb 2011 B2
7881936 Longe et al. Feb 2011 B2
7885390 Chaudhuri et al. Feb 2011 B2
7885844 Cohen et al. Feb 2011 B1
7886233 Rainisto et al. Feb 2011 B2
7889184 Biumenberg et al. Feb 2011 B2
7889185 Blumenberg et al. Feb 2011 B2
7890330 Ozkaragoz et al. Feb 2011 B2
7890652 Bull et al. Feb 2011 B2
7895531 Radtke et al. Feb 2011 B2
7899666 Varone Mar 2011 B2
7912289 Kansai et al. Mar 2011 B2
7912699 Saraolar et al. Mar 2011 B1
7912702 Bennett Mar 2011 B2
7912720 Hakkani-Tur et al. Mar 2011 B1
7912828 Bonnet et al. Mar 2011 B2
7913185 Benson et al. Mar 2011 B1
7916979 Simmons Mar 2011 B2
7917367 Di Cristo et al. Mar 2011 B2
7917497 Harrison et al. Mar 2011 B2
7920678 Cooper et al. Apr 2011 B2
7920682 Byrne et al. Apr 2011 B2
7920857 Lau et al. Apr 2011 B2
7925525 Chin Apr 2011 B2
7925610 Elbaz et al. Apr 2011 B2
7929805 Wang et al. Apr 2011 B2
7930168 Weng et al. Apr 2011 B2
7930183 Odell et al. Apr 2011 B2
7930197 Ozzie et al. Apr 2011 B2
7936339 Marggraff et al. May 2011 B2
7936861 Martin et al. May 2011 B2
7941009 Li et al. May 2011 B2
7945294 Zhang et al. May 2011 B2
7945470 Cohen et al. May 2011 B1
7949529 Weider et al. May 2011 B2
7949534 Davis et al. May 2011 B2
7953679 Chidlovskii et al. May 2011 B2
7957975 Burns et al. Jun 2011 B2
7962179 Huang Jun 2011 B2
7974844 Sumita Jul 2011 B2
7974972 Cao Jul 2011 B2
7975216 Woolf et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983478 Liu et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983915 Knight et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983917 Kennewick et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983919 Conkie Jul 2011 B2
7983997 Allen et al. Jul 2011 B2
7984062 Dunning et al. Jul 2011 B2
7986431 Emori et al. Jul 2011 B2
7987151 Schott et al. Jul 2011 B2
7987244 Lewis et al. Jul 2011 B1
7991614 Washio et al. Aug 2011 B2
7992085 Wang-Aryattanwanich et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996228 Miller et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996589 Schultz et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996769 Fux et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996792 Anzures et al. Aug 2011 B2
7999669 Singh et al. Aug 2011 B2
8000453 Cooper et al. Aug 2011 B2
8005664 Hanumanthappa Aug 2011 B2
8005679 Jordan et al. Aug 2011 B2
8006180 Tunning et al. Aug 2011 B2
8014308 Gates et al. Sep 2011 B2
8015006 Kennewick et al. Sep 2011 B2
8015011 Nagano et al. Sep 2011 B2
8015144 Zheng et al. Sep 2011 B2
8018431 Zehr et al. Sep 2011 B1
8019271 Izdepski Sep 2011 B1
8024195 Mozer et al. Sep 2011 B2
8027836 Baker et al. Sep 2011 B2
8031943 Chen et al. Oct 2011 B2
8032383 Bhardwaj et al. Oct 2011 B1
8036901 Mozer Oct 2011 B2
8037034 Plachta et al. Oct 2011 B2
8041557 Liu Oct 2011 B2
8041570 Mirkovic et al. Oct 2011 B2
8041611 Kleinrock et al. Oct 2011 B2
8042053 Darwish et al. Oct 2011 B2
8046363 Cha et al. Oct 2011 B2
8046374 Bromwich et al. Oct 2011 B1
8050500 Batty et al. Nov 2011 B1
8055502 Clark et al. Nov 2011 B2
8055708 Chitsaz et al. Nov 2011 B2
8056070 Golfer et al. Nov 2011 B2
8060824 Brownrigg, Jr. et al. Nov 2011 B2
8064753 Freeman Nov 2011 B2
8065143 Yanagihara Nov 2011 B2
8065155 Gazdzinski Nov 2011 B1
8065156 Gazdzinski Nov 2011 B2
8068604 Leeds et al. Nov 2011 B2
8069046 Kennewick et al. Nov 2011 B2
8069422 Sheshagiri et al. Nov 2011 B2
8073681 Baldwin et al. Dec 2011 B2
8077153 Benko et al. Dec 2011 B2
8078473 Gazdzinski Dec 2011 B1
8082153 Coffman et al. Dec 2011 B2
8082498 Salamon et al. Dec 2011 B2
8090571 Elshishiny et al. Jan 2012 B2
8095364 Longe et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099289 Mozer et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099395 Pabla et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099418 Inoue et al. Jan 2012 B2
8103510 Sato Jan 2012 B2
8107401 John et al. Jan 2012 B2
8112275 Kennewick et al. Feb 2012 B2
8112280 Lu Feb 2012 B2
8117037 Gazdzinski Feb 2012 B2
8117542 Radtke et al. Feb 2012 B2
8121413 Hwang et al. Feb 2012 B2
8121837 Agapi et al. Feb 2012 B2
8122094 Kotab Feb 2012 B1
8122353 Bouta Feb 2012 B2
8131557 Davis et al. Mar 2012 B2
8135115 Hogg, Jr. et al. Mar 2012 B1
8138912 Singh et al. Mar 2012 B2
8140335 Kennewick et al. Mar 2012 B2
8140567 Padovitz et al. Mar 2012 B2
8150694 Kennewick et al. Apr 2012 B2
8150700 Shin et al. Apr 2012 B2
8155956 Cho et al. Apr 2012 B2
8156005 Vieri Apr 2012 B2
8160883 Lecoeuche Apr 2012 B2
8165321 Paquier et al. Apr 2012 B2
8165886 Gagnon et al. Apr 2012 B1
8166019 Lee et al. Apr 2012 B1
8166032 Sommer et al. Apr 2012 B2
8170790 Lee et al. May 2012 B2
8179370 Yamasani et al. May 2012 B1
8188856 Singh et al. May 2012 B2
8190359 Bourne May 2012 B2
8195467 Mozer et al. Jun 2012 B2
8195468 Kennewick et al. Jun 2012 B2
8200495 Braho et al. Jun 2012 B2
8201109 Van Os et al. Jun 2012 B2
8204238 Mozer Jun 2012 B2
8205788 Gazdzinski et al. Jun 2012 B1
8209183 Patel et al. Jun 2012 B1
8219115 Nelissen Jul 2012 B1
8219406 Yu et al. Jul 2012 B2
8219407 Roy et al. Jul 2012 B1
8219608 alSafadi et al. Jul 2012 B2
8224649 Chaudhari et al. Jul 2012 B2
8239207 Seligman et al. Aug 2012 B2
8244712 Serlet et al. Aug 2012 B2
8255217 Stent et al. Aug 2012 B2
8260617 Dhanakshirur et al. Sep 2012 B2
8270933 Riemer et al. Sep 2012 B2
8275621 Alewine et al. Sep 2012 B2
8279171 Hirai et al. Oct 2012 B2
8285546 Reich Oct 2012 B2
8285551 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8285553 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8290777 Nguyen et al. Oct 2012 B1
8290778 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8290781 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8296145 Clark et al. Oct 2012 B2
8296146 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8296153 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8296380 Kelly et al. Oct 2012 B1
8296383 Lindahl Oct 2012 B2
8300801 Sweeney et al. Oct 2012 B2
8301456 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8311834 Gazdzinski Nov 2012 B1
8311835 Lecoeuche Nov 2012 B2
8311838 Lindahl et al. Nov 2012 B2
8312017 Martin et al. Nov 2012 B2
8321786 Lunati et al. Nov 2012 B2
8332218 Cross et al. Dec 2012 B2
8332224 Di Cristo et al. Dec 2012 B2
8332748 Karam Dec 2012 B1
8340975 Rosenberger Dec 2012 B1
8345665 Vieri et al. Jan 2013 B2
8352183 Thota et al. Jan 2013 B2
8352268 Naik et al. Jan 2013 B2
8352272 Rogers et al. Jan 2013 B2
8355919 Silverman et al. Jan 2013 B2
8359234 Vieri Jan 2013 B2
8370158 Gazdzinski Feb 2013 B2
8371503 Gazdzinski Feb 2013 B2
8374871 Ehsani et al. Feb 2013 B2
8375320 Kotler et al. Feb 2013 B2
8380504 Peden et al. Feb 2013 B1
8380507 Herman et al. Feb 2013 B2
8381107 Rottler et al. Feb 2013 B2
8381135 Hotelling et al. Feb 2013 B2
8386485 Kerschberg et al. Feb 2013 B2
8386926 Matsuoka Feb 2013 B1
8391844 Lamiraux et al. Mar 2013 B2
8396714 Rogers et al. Mar 2013 B2
8406745 Upadhyay et al. Mar 2013 B1
8423288 Stahl et al. Apr 2013 B2
8428758 Naik et al. Apr 2013 B2
8447612 Gazdzinski May 2013 B2
8452597 Bringert et al. May 2013 B2
8458115 Cai et al. Jun 2013 B2
8458278 Christie et al. Jun 2013 B2
8464150 Davidson et al. Jun 2013 B2
8479122 Hotelling et al. Jul 2013 B2
8489599 Bellotti Jul 2013 B2
8498857 Kopparapu et al. Jul 2013 B2
8515750 Lei et al. Aug 2013 B1
8521513 Millett et al. Aug 2013 B2
8560229 Park et al. Oct 2013 B1
8583416 Huang et al. Nov 2013 B2
8589869 Wolfram Nov 2013 B2
8595004 Koshinaka Nov 2013 B2
8606568 Tickner et al. Dec 2013 B1
8620659 Di Cristo et al. Dec 2013 B2
8620662 Bellegarda Dec 2013 B2
8626681 Jurce et al. Jan 2014 B1
8645137 Bellegarda et al. Feb 2014 B2
8654936 Tofighbakhsh et al. Feb 2014 B1
8655901 Li et al. Feb 2014 B1
8660849 Gruber et al. Feb 2014 B2
8660970 Fiedorowicz Feb 2014 B1
8661112 Creamer et al. Feb 2014 B2
8670979 Gruber et al. Mar 2014 B2
8675084 Bolton et al. Mar 2014 B2
8676904 Lindahl et al. Mar 2014 B2
8677377 Cheyer et al. Mar 2014 B2
8682667 Haughay et al. Mar 2014 B2
8688446 Yanagihara Apr 2014 B2
8696364 Cohen Apr 2014 B2
8706472 Ramerth et al. Apr 2014 B2
8713119 Lindahl et al. Apr 2014 B2
8713418 King et al. Apr 2014 B2
8719006 Bellegarda et al. May 2014 B2
8719014 Wagner et al. May 2014 B2
8731610 Appaji May 2014 B2
8731912 Tickner et al. May 2014 B1
8739208 Rodriguez et al. May 2014 B2
8744852 Seymour et al. Jun 2014 B1
8760537 Johnson et al. Jun 2014 B2
8762145 Ouchi et al. Jun 2014 B2
8762156 Chen et al. Jun 2014 B2
8762469 Lindahl et al. Jun 2014 B2
8768693 Lempel et al. Jul 2014 B2
8768702 Boettcher et al. Jul 2014 B2
8775931 Fux et al. Jul 2014 B2
8798995 Edara et al. Aug 2014 B1
8838457 Cerra et al. Sep 2014 B2
8861925 Ohme et al. Oct 2014 B1
8880405 Cerra et al. Nov 2014 B2
8886540 Cerra et al. Nov 2014 B2
8930191 Gruber et al. Jan 2015 B2
8943423 Merrill et al. Jan 2015 B2
8972878 David et al. Mar 2015 B2
8983383 Haskin Mar 2015 B1
8996381 Mozer et al. Mar 2015 B2
9070366 Mathias et al. Jun 2015 B1
9081411 Kalns et al. Jul 2015 B2
9098467 Blanksteen et al. Aug 2015 B1
20010005859 Okuyama et al. Jun 2001 A1
20010020259 Sekiguchi et al. Sep 2001 A1
20010027396 Sato Oct 2001 A1
20010029455 Chin et al. Oct 2001 A1
20010030660 Zainoulline Oct 2001 A1
20010032080 Fukada Oct 2001 A1
20010041021 Boyle et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010042107 Palm Nov 2001 A1
20010044724 Hon et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010047264 Roundtree Nov 2001 A1
20010055963 Cloutier Dec 2001 A1
20010056342 Piehn et al. Dec 2001 A1
20010056347 Chazan et al. Dec 2001 A1
20020001395 Davis et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020002039 Qureshey et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020002413 Tokue Jan 2002 A1
20020002461 Tetsumoto Jan 2002 A1
20020004703 Gaspard, II Jan 2002 A1
20020010581 Euler et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020010584 Schultz et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020010726 Rogson Jan 2002 A1
20020010798 Ben-Shaul et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020013707 Shaw et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020013784 Swanson Jan 2002 A1
20020013852 Janik Jan 2002 A1
20020015024 Westerman et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020015064 Robotham et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020021278 Hinckley et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020026315 Miranda Feb 2002 A1
20020026456 Bradford Feb 2002 A1
20020031254 Lantrip et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020031262 Imagawa et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032048 Kitao et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032564 Ehsani et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032591 Mahaffy et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032751 Bharadwaj Mar 2002 A1
20020035467 Morimoto et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020035469 Holzapfel Mar 2002 A1
20020035474 Alpdemir Mar 2002 A1
20020040297 Tsiao et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020040359 Green et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020042707 Zhao et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020045438 Tagawa et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020045961 Gibbs et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020046025 Hain Apr 2002 A1
20020046315 Miller et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020052730 Nakao May 2002 A1
20020052740 Charlesworth et al. May 2002 A1
20020052747 Sarukkai May 2002 A1
20020052913 Yamada et al. May 2002 A1
20020054094 Matsuda May 2002 A1
20020055844 L'Esperance et al. May 2002 A1
20020055934 Lipscomb et al. May 2002 A1
20020059066 O'hagan May 2002 A1
20020059068 Rose et al. May 2002 A1
20020065659 Isono et al. May 2002 A1
20020065797 Meidan et al. May 2002 A1
20020067308 Robertson Jun 2002 A1
20020069063 Buchner et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020069071 Knockeart et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020069220 Tran Jun 2002 A1
20020072816 Shdema et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020072908 Case et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020072914 Alshawi et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020073177 Clark et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020077082 Cruickshank Jun 2002 A1
20020077817 Atal Jun 2002 A1
20020078041 Wu Jun 2002 A1
20020080163 Morey Jun 2002 A1
20020083068 Quass et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020085037 Leavitt et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020087306 Lee et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020087508 Hull et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020091511 Hellwig et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020091529 Whitham Jul 2002 A1
20020095286 Ross et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020095290 Kahn et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020099547 Chu et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020099552 Rubin et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020101447 Carro Aug 2002 A1
20020103641 Kuo et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020103644 Brocious et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020103646 Kochanski et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020107684 Gao Aug 2002 A1
20020109709 Sagar Aug 2002 A1
20020110248 Kovales et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020111198 Heie et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020111810 Khan et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116082 Gudorf Aug 2002 A1
20020116171 Russell Aug 2002 A1
20020116185 Cooper et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116189 Yeh et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116420 Allam et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020120697 Generous et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020120925 Logan Aug 2002 A1
20020122053 Dutta et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020123891 Epstein et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020123894 Woodward Sep 2002 A1
20020126097 Savolainen Sep 2002 A1
20020128827 Bu et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020128840 Hinde et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020129057 Spielberg Sep 2002 A1
20020133347 Schoneburg et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020133348 Pearson et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020135565 Gordon et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020135618 Maes et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020137505 Eiche et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138254 Isaka et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138265 Stevens et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138270 Bellegarda et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138616 Basson et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020140679 Wen Oct 2002 A1
20020143533 Lucas et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020143542 Eide Oct 2002 A1
20020143551 Sharma et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020143826 Day et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020151297 Remboski et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020152045 Dowling et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020152255 Smith et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020154160 Hosokawa Oct 2002 A1
20020161865 Nguyen Oct 2002 A1
20020163544 Baker et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020164000 Cohen et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020165918 Bettis Nov 2002 A1
20020167534 Burke Nov 2002 A1
20020169592 Aityan Nov 2002 A1
20020169605 Damiba et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173273 Spurgat et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173889 Odinak et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173961 Guerra Nov 2002 A1
20020173962 Tang et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173966 Henton Nov 2002 A1
20020177993 Veditz et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020184003 Hakkinen et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184015 Li et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184027 Brittan et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184189 Hay et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020189426 Hirade et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020191029 Gillespie et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020193996 Squibbs et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020196911 Gao et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020198714 Zhou Dec 2002 A1
20020198715 Belrose Dec 2002 A1
20030001881 Mannheimer et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030002632 Bhogal et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030003897 Seung-Taek Jan 2003 A1
20030009459 Chastain et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030013483 Ausems et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030016770 Trans et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030018475 Basu et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030020760 Takatsu et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030026392 Brown et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030026402 Clapper Feb 2003 A1
20030028380 Freeland et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030030645 Ribak et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030033148 Silverman et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030033152 Cameron Feb 2003 A1
20030033153 Olson et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030033214 Mikkelsen et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030037073 Tokuda et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030037077 Brill et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030037254 Fischer et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030040908 Yang et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030046075 Stone Mar 2003 A1
20030046401 Abbott et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030046434 Flanagin et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030048881 Trajkovic et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030050781 Tamura et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030051136 Curtis et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030055537 Odinak et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030055623 Epstein et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030061317 Brown et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030061570 Hatori et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030063073 Geaghan et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030074195 Bartosik et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030074198 Sussman Apr 2003 A1
20030074457 Kluth Apr 2003 A1
20030076301 Tsuk et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078766 Appelt et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078779 Desai et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078780 Kochanski et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078969 Sprague et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030079024 Hough et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030079038 Robbin et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030080991 Crow et al. May 2003 A1
20030083113 Chua et al. May 2003 A1
20030083878 Lee et al. May 2003 A1
20030083884 Odinak et al. May 2003 A1
20030084350 Eibach et al. May 2003 A1
20030085870 Hinckley May 2003 A1
20030086699 Benyamin et al. May 2003 A1
20030088414 Huang et al. May 2003 A1
20030088421 Maes et al. May 2003 A1
20030090467 Hohl et al. May 2003 A1
20030090474 Schaefer May 2003 A1
20030095096 Robbin et al. May 2003 A1
20030097210 Horst et al. May 2003 A1
20030097379 Ireton May 2003 A1
20030097407 Litwin et al. May 2003 A1
20030097408 Kageyama et al. May 2003 A1
20030098892 Hiipakka May 2003 A1
20030099335 Tanaka et al. May 2003 A1
20030101045 Moffatt et al. May 2003 A1
20030101054 Davis et al. May 2003 A1
20030115060 Junqua et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115064 Gusler et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115186 Wilkinson et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115552 Jahnke et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030117365 Shteyn Jun 2003 A1
20030120494 Jost et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030122652 Himmelstein et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030122787 Zimnmerman et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030125927 Seme Jul 2003 A1
20030125955 Arnold et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030126559 Fuhrmann Jul 2003 A1
20030128819 Lee et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030130847 Case et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030133694 Yeo Jul 2003 A1
20030134678 Tanaka Jul 2003 A1
20030135501 Frerebeau et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030135740 Talmor et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030140088 Robinson et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030144846 Denenberg et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030145285 Miyahira et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030147512 Abburi Aug 2003 A1
20030149557 Cox et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030149567 Schmitz et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030149978 Plotnick Aug 2003 A1
20030152203 Berger et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030152894 Townshend Aug 2003 A1
20030154079 Ota et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030154081 Chu et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030157968 Boman et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030158732 Pi et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030158735 Yamada et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030158737 Csicsatka Aug 2003 A1
20030160702 Tanaka Aug 2003 A1
20030160830 Degross Aug 2003 A1
20030163316 Addison et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030164848 Dutta et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030167167 Gong Sep 2003 A1
20030167318 Robbin et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030167335 Alexander Sep 2003 A1
20030171928 Falcon et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030171936 Sall et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030174830 Boyer et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030177046 Socha-Leialoha et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030179222 Noma et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030182115 Malayath et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030182131 Arnold et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030187655 Dunsmuir Oct 2003 A1
20030187659 Cho et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030187775 Du et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030187844 Li et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030187925 Inala et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030188005 Yorieda et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030188192 Tang et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030190074 Loudon et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030191645 Zhou Oct 2003 A1
20030193481 Sokolsky Oct 2003 A1
20030194080 Michaelis et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195741 Mani et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030197736 Murphy Oct 2003 A1
20030197744 Irvine Oct 2003 A1
20030200452 Tagawa et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030200858 Xie Oct 2003 A1
20030202697 Simard et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030204392 Finnigan et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030204492 Wolf et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030208756 Macrae et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030210266 Cragun et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030212543 Epstein et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030212961 Soin et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030214519 Smith et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030221198 Sloo et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030224760 Day Dec 2003 A1
20030228863 Vander Veen et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030228909 Tanaka et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030229490 Etter Dec 2003 A1
20030229616 Wong Dec 2003 A1
20030233230 Ammicht et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030233237 Garside et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030233240 Kaatrasalo Dec 2003 A1
20030234824 Litwiller Dec 2003 A1
20030236663 Dimitrova et al. Dec 2003 A1
20040001396 Keller et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040006467 Anisirnovich et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040010484 Foulger et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040012556 Yong et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040013252 Craner Jan 2004 A1
20040021676 Chen et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040022369 Vitikainen et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040022373 Suder et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040023643 Vander Veen et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030554 Boxberger-Oberoi et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030556 Bennett Feb 2004 A1
20040030559 Payne et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030996 Van Liempd et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040036715 Warren Feb 2004 A1
20040048627 Olvera-Hernandez Mar 2004 A1
20040049388 Roth et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040049391 Polanyi et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040051729 Borden, IV Mar 2004 A1
20040052338 Celi, Jr. et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054530 Davis et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054533 Bellegarda Mar 2004 A1
20040054534 Junqua Mar 2004 A1
20040054535 Mackie et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054541 Kryze et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054690 Hillerbrand et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040055446 Robbin et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040056899 Sinclair, II et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040059577 Pickering Mar 2004 A1
20040059790 Austin-Lane et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040061717 Menon et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040062367 Feilenstein et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040064593 Sinclair et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040069122 Wilson Apr 2004 A1
20040070567 Longe et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040070612 Sinclair et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040073427 Moore Apr 2004 A1
20040073428 Zlokarnik et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040076086 Keller et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040078382 Mercer et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040085162 Agarwal et al. May 2004 A1
20040085368 Johnson, Jr. et al. May 2004 A1
20040086120 Akins, III et al. May 2004 A1
20040093213 Conkie May 2004 A1
20040093215 Gupta et al. May 2004 A1
20040093328 Damle May 2004 A1
20040094018 Ueshima et al. May 2004 A1
20040096105 Holtsberg May 2004 A1
20040098250 Kimchi et al. May 2004 A1
20040100479 Nakano et al. May 2004 A1
20040106432 Kanamori et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040107169 Lowe Jun 2004 A1
20040111266 Coorman et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040111332 Baar et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040114731 Gillett et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040120476 Harrison et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040122656 Abir Jun 2004 A1
20040122664 Lorenzo et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040122673 Park et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040124583 Landis Jul 2004 A1
20040125088 Zimmerman et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040125922 Specht Jul 2004 A1
20040127198 Roskind et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040127241 Shostak Jul 2004 A1
20040128137 Bush et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040128614 Andrews et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040133817 Choi Jul 2004 A1
20040135701 Yasuda et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040135774 La Monica Jul 2004 A1
20040136510 Vander Veen Jul 2004 A1
20040138869 Heinecke Jul 2004 A1
20040145607 Alderson Jul 2004 A1
20040153306 Tanner et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040155869 Robinson et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040160419 Padgitt Aug 2004 A1
20040162741 Flaxer et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040174399 Wu et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040174434 Walker et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040176958 Salmenkaita et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040177319 Horn Sep 2004 A1
20040178994 Kairls, Jr. Sep 2004 A1
20040181392 Parikh et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040183833 Chua Sep 2004 A1
20040186713 Gomas et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040186714 Baker Sep 2004 A1
20040186777 Margiloff et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040186857 Serlet et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193398 Chu et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193420 Kennewick et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193421 Blass Sep 2004 A1
20040193426 Maddux et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040196256 Wobbrock et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040198436 Alden Oct 2004 A1
20040199375 Ehsani et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040199387 Wang et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040199663 Horvitz et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040203520 Schirtzinger et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040205151 Sprigg et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040205671 Sukehiro et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040208302 Urban et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040210442 Glynn et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040210634 Ferrer et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040213419 Varma et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040215731 Tzann-en Szeto Oct 2004 A1
20040216049 Lewis et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040218451 Said et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040220798 Chi et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040221235 Marchisio et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223485 Arellaho et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223599 Bear et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040224638 Fadell et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225501 Cutaia et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225504 Junqua et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225650 Cooper et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225746 Niell et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040230420 Kadambe et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040230637 Lecoueche et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040236778 Junqua et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040242286 Benco et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243412 Gupta et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243419 Wang Dec 2004 A1
20040249629 Webster Dec 2004 A1
20040249637 Baker et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040249667 Oon Dec 2004 A1
20040252119 Hunleth et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040252604 Johnson et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040252966 Holloway et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254791 Coifman et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254792 Busayapongchai et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040257432 Girish et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040259536 Keskar et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040260438 Chernetsky et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040260718 Fedorov et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040261023 Bier Dec 2004 A1
20040262051 Carro Dec 2004 A1
20040263636 Cutler et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040267825 Novak et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040268253 Demello et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040268262 Gupta et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050002507 Timmins et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050010409 Hull et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050012723 Pallakoff Jan 2005 A1
20050015254 Beaman Jan 2005 A1
20050015751 Grassens Jan 2005 A1
20050015772 Saare et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050021330 Mano et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050022114 Shanahan et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050024341 Gillespie et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050024345 Eastty et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050027385 Yueh Feb 2005 A1
20050030175 Wolfe Feb 2005 A1
20050031106 Henderson Feb 2005 A1
20050033582 Gadd et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050033771 Schmitter et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050034164 Sano et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050038657 Roth et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050039141 Burke et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050042591 Bloom et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050043946 Ueyama et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050043949 Roth et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050044569 Marcus Feb 2005 A1
20050045373 Born Mar 2005 A1
20050049862 Choi et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050049880 Roth et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050055212 Nagao Mar 2005 A1
20050055403 Britian Mar 2005 A1
20050058438 Hayashi Mar 2005 A1
20050060155 Chu et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071165 Hofstader et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071332 Ortega et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071437 Bear et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050074113 Mathew et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080613 Colledge et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080620 Rao et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080625 Bennett et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080632 Endo et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080780 Colledge et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050086059 Bennett Apr 2005 A1
20050086255 Schran et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050086605 Ferrer et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050091118 Fano Apr 2005 A1
20050094475 Naoi May 2005 A1
20050099398 Garside et al. May 2005 A1
20050100214 Zhang et al. May 2005 A1
20050102144 Rapoport May 2005 A1
20050102614 Brockett et al. May 2005 A1
20050102625 Lee et al. May 2005 A1
20050105712 Williams et al. May 2005 A1
20050108001 Aarskog May 2005 A1
20050108017 Esser et al. May 2005 A1
20050108074 Bloechl et al. May 2005 A1
20050108338 Simske et al. May 2005 A1
20050108344 Tafoya et al. May 2005 A1
20050108642 Sinclair et al. May 2005 A1
20050114124 Liu et al. May 2005 A1
20050114140 Brackett et al. May 2005 A1
20050114306 Shu et al. May 2005 A1
20050114791 Bollenbacher et al. May 2005 A1
20050119890 Hirose Jun 2005 A1
20050119897 Bennett et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125216 Chitrapura et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125235 Lazay et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131951 Zhang et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050132301 Ikeda Jun 2005 A1
20050136949 Barnes, Jr. Jun 2005 A1
20050138305 Zellner Jun 2005 A1
20050140504 Marshall et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050143972 Gopalakrishnan et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050144003 Iso-Sipila Jun 2005 A1
20050144070 Cheshire Jun 2005 A1
20050144568 Gruen et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050148356 Ferguson et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149214 Yoo et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149330 Katae Jul 2005 A1
20050149332 Kuzunuki et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149510 Shafrir Jul 2005 A1
20050152558 Van Tassel Jul 2005 A1
20050152602 Chen et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154578 Tong et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154591 Lecoeuche Jul 2005 A1
20050159939 Mohler et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050159957 Roth et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050162395 Unruh Jul 2005 A1
20050165015 Ncube et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050165607 Di Fabbrizio et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050166153 Eytchison et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050177445 Church Aug 2005 A1
20050181770 Helferich Aug 2005 A1
20050182616 Kotipalli Aug 2005 A1
20050182627 Tanaka et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182628 Choi Aug 2005 A1
20050182629 Coorman et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182630 Miro et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182765 Liddy Aug 2005 A1
20050187770 Kompe et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050187773 Filoche et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050190970 Griffin Sep 2005 A1
20050192801 Lewis et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192812 Buchholz et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050195077 Mcculloch et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050195429 Archbold Sep 2005 A1
20050196733 Budra et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050201572 Lindahl et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050202854 Kortum et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050203738 Hwang et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050203747 Lecoeuche Sep 2005 A1
20050203991 Kawamura et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050209848 Ishii Sep 2005 A1
20050210394 Crandall et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050216331 Ahrens et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050222843 Kahn et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050222973 Kaiser Oct 2005 A1
20050228665 Kobayashi et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050245243 Zuniga Nov 2005 A1
20050246350 Canaran Nov 2005 A1
20050246365 Lowles et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050246726 Labrou et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050251572 McMahan et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050261901 Davis et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050262440 Stanciu et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050267738 Wilkinson et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050267757 Iso-Sipila et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050271216 Lashkari Dec 2005 A1
20050273337 Erell et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050273626 Pearson et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050278297 Nelson Dec 2005 A1
20050278643 Ukai et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050278647 Leavitt et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050283364 Longe et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050283726 Lunati Dec 2005 A1
20050283729 Morris et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050288934 Omi Dec 2005 A1
20050288936 Busayapongchai et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050289463 Wu et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060001652 Chiu et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060004570 Ju et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060004744 Nevidonnski et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060007174 Shen Jan 2006 A1
20060009973 Nguyen et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060013414 Shih Jan 2006 A1
20060015341 Baker Jan 2006 A1
20060015819 Hawkins et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060018446 Schmandt et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060018492 Chiu et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060020890 Kroll et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060025999 Feng et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026233 Tenembaum et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026521 Hotelling et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026535 Hotelling et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026536 Hotelling et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060033724 Chaudhri et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060035632 Sorvari et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060036946 Radtke et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060041424 Todhunter et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060041431 Maes Feb 2006 A1
20060041590 King et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060047632 Zhang Mar 2006 A1
20060050865 Kortum et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060052141 Suzuki Mar 2006 A1
20060053007 Niemisto et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060053365 Hollander et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060053379 Henderson et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060053387 Ording Mar 2006 A1
20060058999 Barker et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060059437 Conklin Mar 2006 A1
20060060762 Chan et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060061488 Dunton Mar 2006 A1
20060067535 Culbert et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060067536 Culbert et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060069567 Tischer et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060069664 Ling et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060072248 Watanabe et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060072716 Pham Apr 2006 A1
20060074628 Elbaz et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074660 Waters et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074674 Zhang et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074750 Clark et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074898 Gavalda et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060075429 Istvan et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060077055 Basir Apr 2006 A1
20060080098 Campbell Apr 2006 A1
20060085187 Barquilla Apr 2006 A1
20060085465 Nori et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060085757 Andre et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060093998 Vertegaal May 2006 A1
20060095265 Chu et al. May 2006 A1
20060095790 Nguyen et al. May 2006 A1
20060095846 Nurmi May 2006 A1
20060095848 Naik May 2006 A1
20060097991 Hotelling et al. May 2006 A1
20060100848 Cozzi et al. May 2006 A1
20060100849 Chan May 2006 A1
20060101354 Hashimoto et al. May 2006 A1
20060103633 Gioeli May 2006 A1
20060106592 Brockett et al. May 2006 A1
20060106594 Brockett et al. May 2006 A1
20060106595 Brockett et al. May 2006 A1
20060111906 Cross et al. May 2006 A1
20060111909 Maes et al. May 2006 A1
20060116874 Samuelsson et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060116877 Pickering et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060117002 Swen Jun 2006 A1
20060119582 Ng et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060122834 Bennett Jun 2006 A1
20060122836 Cross et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060129379 Ramsey et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060129929 Weber et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060132812 Barnes et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060135214 Zhang et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136213 Hirose et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136280 Cho et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136352 Brun et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060141990 Zak et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060142576 Meng et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060143007 Koh et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060143559 Spielberg et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060143576 Gupta et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060148520 Baker et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060149557 Kaneko et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060149558 Kahn et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060150087 Cronenberger et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060152496 Knaven Jul 2006 A1
20060153040 Girish et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060156252 Sheshagiri et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060156307 Kunjithapatham et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161870 Hotelling et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161871 Hotelling et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161872 Rytivaara et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060165105 Shenfield et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060167676 Plumb Jul 2006 A1
20060168150 Naik et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060168507 Hansen Jul 2006 A1
20060168539 Hawkins et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060172720 Islam et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060173683 Roth et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060173684 Fischer et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060174207 Deshpande Aug 2006 A1
20060178868 Billerey-Mosier Aug 2006 A1
20060181519 Vernier et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060183466 Lee et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060184886 Chung et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060187073 Lin et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060190269 Tessel et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060190577 Yamada Aug 2006 A1
20060193518 Dong Aug 2006 A1
20060195206 Moon et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060195323 Monne et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060197753 Hotelling Sep 2006 A1
20060197755 Bawany Sep 2006 A1
20060200253 Hoffberg et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060200342 Corston-Oliver et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060200347 Kim et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060205432 Hawkins et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060206454 Forstall et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060212415 Backer et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060217967 Goertzen et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060218244 Rasmussen et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060221738 Park et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060221788 Lindahl et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060224570 Quiroga et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060229802 Vertelney et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060229870 Kobal Oct 2006 A1
20060229876 Aaron et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060230350 Baluja Oct 2006 A1
20060230410 Kurganov et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060234680 Doulton Oct 2006 A1
20060235550 Csicsatka et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060235700 Wong et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060235841 Betz et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060236262 Bathiche et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060239419 Joseph et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060239471 Mao et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060240866 Eilts et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060242190 Wnek Oct 2006 A1
20060246955 Nirhamo et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060247931 Caskey et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060252457 Schrager Nov 2006 A1
20060253210 Rosenberg Nov 2006 A1
20060253787 Fogg Nov 2006 A1
20060256934 Mazor Nov 2006 A1
20060258376 Ewell, Jr. Nov 2006 A1
20060262876 LaDue Nov 2006 A1
20060265208 Assadollahi Nov 2006 A1
20060265503 Jones et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060265648 Rainisto et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060271627 Szczepanek Nov 2006 A1
20060274051 Longe et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060274905 Lindahl et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060277058 J'maev et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282264 Denny et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282415 Shibata et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282455 Lee et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060286527 Morel Dec 2006 A1
20060288024 Braica Dec 2006 A1
20060291666 Ball et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293876 Kamatani et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293880 Elshishiny et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293886 Odell et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293889 Kiss et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070003026 Hodge et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070004451 Anderson Jan 2007 A1
20070005849 Oliver Jan 2007 A1
20070006098 Krumm et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070011154 Musgrove et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070014280 Cormier et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070016563 Omoigui Jan 2007 A1
20070016865 Johnson et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070021956 Qu et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070022380 Swartz et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070025704 Tsukazaki et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070026852 Logan et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070027732 Hudgens Feb 2007 A1
20070028009 Robbin et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070032247 Shaffer et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070033003 Morris Feb 2007 A1
20070033026 Bartosik et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070036117 Taube et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070036286 Champlin et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070036294 Chaudhuri et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070038436 Cristo et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070038609 Wu Feb 2007 A1
20070040813 Kuchler et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070041361 Iso-Sipila Feb 2007 A1
20070042812 Basir et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043568 Dhanakshirur et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043687 Bodart et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043820 George Feb 2007 A1
20070044038 Horentrup et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070046641 Lim Mar 2007 A1
20070047719 Dhawan et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050184 Drucker et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050191 Weider et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050393 Vogel et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050712 Hull et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070052586 Horstemeyer Mar 2007 A1
20070055493 Lee Mar 2007 A1
20070055508 Zhao et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070055514 Beattie et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070055525 Kennewick et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070055529 Kanevsky et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070058832 Hug et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060107 Day Mar 2007 A1
20070061487 Moore et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070061712 Bodin et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070061754 Ardhanari et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070067173 Bellegarda Mar 2007 A1
20070067272 Flynt et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070073540 Hirakawa et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070073541 Tian Mar 2007 A1
20070073745 Scott et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070075965 Huppi et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070079027 Marriott et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070080936 Tsuk et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070083467 Lindahl et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070083623 Nishimura et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070088556 Andrew Apr 2007 A1
20070089132 Qureshey et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070089135 Qureshey et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070093277 Cavacuiti et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070094026 Ativanichayaphong et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070098195 Holmes May 2007 A1
20070100206 Lin et al. May 2007 A1
20070100602 Kim May 2007 A1
20070100619 Purho et al. May 2007 A1
20070100635 Mahajan et al. May 2007 A1
20070100709 Lee et al. May 2007 A1
20070100790 Cheyer et al. May 2007 A1
20070100883 Rose et al. May 2007 A1
20070106491 Carter et al. May 2007 A1
20070106512 Acero et al. May 2007 A1
20070106513 Boillot et al. May 2007 A1
20070106657 Brzeski et al. May 2007 A1
20070106674 Agrawal et al. May 2007 A1
20070106685 Houh et al. May 2007 A1
20070112562 Vainio et al. May 2007 A1
20070116195 Thompson et al. May 2007 A1
20070118377 Badino et al. May 2007 A1
20070118378 Skuratovsky May 2007 A1
20070121846 Altberg et al. May 2007 A1
20070124132 Takeuchi et al. May 2007 A1
20070124149 Shen et al. May 2007 A1
20070124676 Amundsen et al. May 2007 A1
20070127888 Hayashi et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070128777 Yin et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070129059 Nadarajah et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070130014 Altberg et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070130128 Garg et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070132738 Lowles et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070133771 Stifelman et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070135187 Kreiner et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070135949 Snover et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070136064 Carroll Jun 2007 A1
20070136778 Birger et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070143163 Weiss et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070149252 Jobs et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070150842 Chaudhri et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070152978 Kocienda et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070152980 Kocienda et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070155346 Mijatovic et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070156410 Stohr et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070156627 D'Alicandro Jul 2007 A1
20070157089 Van Os et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070157268 Girish et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070162274 Ruiz et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070162296 Altberg et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070162414 Horowitz et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070168922 Kaiser et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173233 Vander Veen et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173267 Klassen et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070174188 Fish Jul 2007 A1
20070174350 Pell et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070174396 Kumar et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070179776 Segond et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070179778 Gong et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070180383 Naik Aug 2007 A1
20070182595 Ghasabian Aug 2007 A1
20070185551 Meadows et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070185754 Schmidt Aug 2007 A1
20070185831 Churcher Aug 2007 A1
20070185917 Prahlad et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070188901 Heckerman et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192026 Lee et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192027 Lee et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192105 Neeracher et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192179 Van et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192293 Swen Aug 2007 A1
20070192403 Heine et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192744 Reponen Aug 2007 A1
20070198267 Jones et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070198269 Braho et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070198273 Hennecke Aug 2007 A1
20070198566 Sustik Aug 2007 A1
20070203955 Pomerantz Aug 2007 A1
20070207785 Chatterjee et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070208555 Bias et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070208569 Subramanian et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070208579 Peterson Sep 2007 A1
20070208726 Krishnaprasad et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070211071 Slotznick et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070213099 Bast Sep 2007 A1
20070213857 Bodin et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070213984 Ativanichayaphong et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070217693 Kretzschmar, Jr. Sep 2007 A1
20070219645 Thomas et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219777 Chu et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219801 Sundaram et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219803 Chiu et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219983 Fish Sep 2007 A1
20070225980 Sumita Sep 2007 A1
20070225984 Milstein et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070226652 Kikuchi et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070229323 Plachta et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070230729 Naylor et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233484 Coelho et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233490 Yao Oct 2007 A1
20070233497 Paek et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233692 Lisa et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233725 Michmerhuizen et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070238488 Scott Oct 2007 A1
20070238489 Scott Oct 2007 A1
20070238520 Kacmarcik Oct 2007 A1
20070239429 Johnson et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240043 Fux et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240044 Fux et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240045 Fux et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070241885 Clipsham et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070244702 Kahn et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070247441 Kim et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070255435 Cohen et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070255979 Deily et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070257890 Hotelling et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070258642 Thota Nov 2007 A1
20070260460 Hyatt Nov 2007 A1
20070260595 Beatty et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070260822 Adams Nov 2007 A1
20070261080 Saetti Nov 2007 A1
20070265831 Dinur et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070265850 Kennewick et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070271104 McKay Nov 2007 A1
20070271510 Grigoriu et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070274468 Cai Nov 2007 A1
20070276651 Bliss et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070276714 Beringer Nov 2007 A1
20070276810 Rosen Nov 2007 A1
20070277088 Bodin et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070282595 Tunning et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070285958 Platchta et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070286363 Burg et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070286399 Ramamoorthy et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070288241 Cross et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070288449 Datta et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070291108 Huber et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294077 Narayanan et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294199 Nelken et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294263 Punj et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070299664 Peters et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070299831 Williams et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070300140 Makela et al. Dec 2007 A1
20080010355 Vieri et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080012950 Lee et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080013751 Hiselius Jan 2008 A1
20080015863 Agapi et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080015864 Ross et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080016575 Vincent et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080021708 Bennett et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080022208 Morse Jan 2008 A1
20080027726 Hansen et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080031475 Goldstein Feb 2008 A1
20080033719 Hall et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080034032 Healey et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080034044 Bhakta et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080036743 Westerman et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080040339 Zhou et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080042970 Liang et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080043936 Liebermann Feb 2008 A1
20080043943 Sipher et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046239 Boo Feb 2008 A1
20080046250 Agapi et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046422 Lee et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046820 Lee et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046948 Verosub Feb 2008 A1
20080048908 Sato Feb 2008 A1
20080052063 Bennett et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052073 Goto et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052077 Bennett et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052080 Narayanan et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052262 Kosinov et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080055194 Baudino et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080056459 Vallier et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080056579 Guha Mar 2008 A1
20080057922 Kokes et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080059190 Chu et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080059200 Puli Mar 2008 A1
20080059876 Hantler et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080062141 Chandhri Mar 2008 A1
20080065382 Gerl et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080065387 Cross et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080071529 Silverman et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080071544 Beaufays et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080075296 Lindahl et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080076972 Dorogusker et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077310 Murlidar et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077384 Agapi et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077386 Gao et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077391 Chino et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077393 Gao et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077406 Ganong, III Mar 2008 A1
20080077859 Schabes et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080079566 Singh et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082332 Mallett et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082338 O'Neil et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082390 Hawkins et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082576 Bodin et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082651 Singh et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080084974 Dhanakshirur Apr 2008 A1
20080091406 Baldwin Apr 2008 A1
20080091426 Rempel et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080091443 Strope et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080096531 Mcquaide et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080096726 Riley et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080097937 Hadjarian Apr 2008 A1
20080098302 Roose Apr 2008 A1
20080098480 Henry et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080100579 Robinson et al. May 2008 A1
20080101584 Gray et al. May 2008 A1
20080109222 Liu May 2008 A1
20080109402 Wang et al. May 2008 A1
20080114480 Harb May 2008 A1
20080114598 Prieto et al. May 2008 A1
20080114604 Wei et al. May 2008 A1
20080114841 Lambert May 2008 A1
20080115084 Scott et al. May 2008 A1
20080118143 Gordon et al. May 2008 A1
20080119953 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080120102 Rao May 2008 A1
20080120112 Jordan et al. May 2008 A1
20080120196 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080120311 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080120312 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080120330 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080120342 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080122796 Jobs et al. May 2008 A1
20080124695 Myers May 2008 A1
20080126075 Thorn et al. May 2008 A1
20080126077 Thorn May 2008 A1
20080126091 Clark et al. May 2008 A1
20080126093 Sivadas May 2008 A1
20080126100 Grost et al. May 2008 A1
20080126491 Portele et al. May 2008 A1
20080129520 Lee Jun 2008 A1
20080130867 Bowen Jun 2008 A1
20080131006 Oliver Jun 2008 A1
20080132221 Willey et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080133215 Sarukkai Jun 2008 A1
20080133228 Rao Jun 2008 A1
20080133230 Herforth et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080133241 Baker et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080133956 Fadell Jun 2008 A1
20080140413 Millman et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140416 Shostak Jun 2008 A1
20080140652 Millman et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140657 Azvine et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140702 Reed et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080141125 Ghassabian et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080141180 Reed et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080141182 Barsness et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080146245 Appaji Jun 2008 A1
20080146290 Sreeram et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080147408 Da Palma et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080147411 Dames et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080147874 Yoneda et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080150900 Han Jun 2008 A1
20080154600 Tian et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154612 Evermann et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154828 Antebi et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080157867 Krah Jul 2008 A1
20080161113 Hansen et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080162120 Mactavish et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080163119 Kim et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080163131 Hirai et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080165144 Forstall et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080165980 Pavlovic et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080165994 Caren et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080167013 Novick et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080167858 Christie et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080168366 Kocienda et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080183473 Nagano et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080189099 Friedman et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189106 Low et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189110 Freeman et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189114 Fail et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189606 Rybak Aug 2008 A1
20080195312 Aaron et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195388 Bower et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195391 Marble et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195601 Ntoulas et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195630 Exartier et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195940 Gail et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080200142 Abdel-Kader et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080201306 Cooper et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080201375 Khedouri et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080204379 Perez-Noguera Aug 2008 A1
20080207176 Brackbill et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080208585 Ativanichayaphong et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080208587 Ben-David et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080212796 Denda Sep 2008 A1
20080219641 Sandrew et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221866 Katragadda et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221879 Cerra et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221880 Cerra et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221887 Rose et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221889 Cerra et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221903 Kanevsky et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080222118 Scian et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228463 Mori et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228485 Owen Sep 2008 A1
20080228490 Fischer et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228495 Cross et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228496 Yu et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228928 Donelli et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080229185 Lynch Sep 2008 A1
20080229218 Maeng Sep 2008 A1
20080235017 Satomura et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080235024 Goldberg et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080235027 Cross Sep 2008 A1
20080240569 Tonouchi Oct 2008 A1
20080242280 Shapiro et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080244390 Fux et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080244446 Lefevre et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080247519 Abella et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080247529 Barton et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080248797 Freeman et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080249770 Kim et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080249778 Barton et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080253577 Eppolito Oct 2008 A1
20080254425 Cohen Oct 2008 A1
20080255837 Kahn et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080255845 Bennett Oct 2008 A1
20080256613 Grover Oct 2008 A1
20080259022 Mansfield et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080262838 Nurrninen et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080262846 Burns et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080263139 Martin Oct 2008 A1
20080270118 Kuo et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270138 Knight et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270139 Shi et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270140 Hertz et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270151 Mahoney et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080277473 Kotlarsky et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080281510 Shahine Nov 2008 A1
20080288259 Chambers et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080292112 Valenzuela et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294418 Cleary et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294651 Masuyama et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294981 Balzano et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080298563 Rondeau et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080298766 Wen et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080299523 Chai et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080300871 Gilbert Dec 2008 A1
20080300878 Bennett Dec 2008 A1
20080306727 Thurmair et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080312909 Hermansen et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080313335 Jung et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080316183 Westerman et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080319753 Hancock Dec 2008 A1
20080319763 Di Fabbrizio et al. Dec 2008 A1
20090003115 Lindahl et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090005012 Van Heugten Jan 2009 A1
20090005891 Batson et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006097 Etezadi et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006099 Sharpe et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006100 Badger et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006343 Platt et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006345 Platt et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006488 Lindahl et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006671 Batson et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090007001 Morin et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090011709 Akasaka et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090012748 Beish et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090012775 El Hady et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018828 Nakadai et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018834 Cooper et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018835 Cooper et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018839 Cooper et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018840 Lutz et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090022329 Mahowald Jan 2009 A1
20090024595 Chen Jan 2009 A1
20090028435 Wu et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090030800 Grois Jan 2009 A1
20090030978 Johnson et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090043580 Mozer et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090043583 Agapi et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090043763 Peng Feb 2009 A1
20090048821 Yam et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090048845 Burckart et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090049067 Murray Feb 2009 A1
20090055179 Cho et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055186 Lance et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090058823 Kocienda Mar 2009 A1
20090058860 Fong et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090060472 Bull et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090063974 Bull et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090064031 Bull et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090070097 Wu et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090070102 Maegawa Mar 2009 A1
20090070109 Didcock et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090070114 Staszak Mar 2009 A1
20090074214 Bradford et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076792 Lawson-Tancred Mar 2009 A1
20090076796 Daraselia Mar 2009 A1
20090076819 Wouters et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076821 Brenner et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076825 Bradford et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090077165 Rhodes et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090079622 Seshadri et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083034 Hernandez et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083035 Huang et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083036 Zhao et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083037 Gleason et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083047 Lindahl et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090089058 Bellegarda Apr 2009 A1
20090092239 Macwan et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090092260 Powers Apr 2009 A1
20090092261 Bard Apr 2009 A1
20090092262 Costa et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090094029 Koch et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090094033 Mozer et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090097634 Nambiar et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090097637 Boscher et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090100049 Cao Apr 2009 A1
20090100454 Weber Apr 2009 A1
20090104898 Harris Apr 2009 A1
20090106026 Ferrieux Apr 2009 A1
20090106376 Tom et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090106397 O'Keefe Apr 2009 A1
20090112572 Thorn Apr 2009 A1
20090112592 Candelore Apr 2009 A1
20090112677 Rhett Apr 2009 A1
20090112892 Cardie et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090119587 Allen et al. May 2009 A1
20090123021 Jung et al. May 2009 A1
20090123071 Iwasaki May 2009 A1
20090125477 Lu et al. May 2009 A1
20090128505 Partridge et al. May 2009 A1
20090132253 Bellegarda May 2009 A1
20090132255 Lu May 2009 A1
20090137286 Luke et al. May 2009 A1
20090138736 Chin May 2009 A1
20090138828 Schultz et al. May 2009 A1
20090144049 Haddad et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090144428 Bowater et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090144609 Liang et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090146848 Ghassabian Jun 2009 A1
20090150147 Jacoby et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090150156 Kennewick et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090152349 Bonev et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090153288 Hope et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090154669 Wood et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090157382 Bar Jun 2009 A1
20090157384 Toutanova et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090157401 Bennett Jun 2009 A1
20090158423 Orlassino et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090160803 Hashimoto Jun 2009 A1
20090164301 O'Sullivan et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090164441 Cheyer Jun 2009 A1
20090164655 Pettersson et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090164937 Alviar et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090167508 Fadell et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090167509 Fadell et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090171578 Kim et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090171664 Kennewick et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090172108 Singh Jul 2009 A1
20090172542 Girish et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090174667 Kocienda et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090174677 Gehani et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090177300 Lee Jul 2009 A1
20090177461 Ehsani et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090182445 Girish et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090187402 Scholl Jul 2009 A1
20090187577 Reznik et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090191895 Singh et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090192782 Drewes Jul 2009 A1
20090198497 Kwon Aug 2009 A1
20090204409 Mozer et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204596 Brun et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204620 Thione et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090210230 Schwarz et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090210232 Sanchez et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090213134 Stephanick et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090215503 Zhang et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090216540 Tessel et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090216704 Zheng et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090221274 Venkatakrishnan et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090222270 Likens et al. Sep 2009 A2
20090222488 Boerries et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228126 Spielberg et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228273 Wang et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228281 Singleton et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228792 Van Os et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228842 Westerman et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090234638 Ranjan et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090234655 Kwon Sep 2009 A1
20090239202 Stone Sep 2009 A1
20090239552 Churchill et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090240485 Dalal et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090241054 Hendricks Sep 2009 A1
20090241760 Georges Oct 2009 A1
20090247237 Mittleman et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248182 Logan et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248395 Alewine et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248420 Basir et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090249198 Davis et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090252350 Seguin Oct 2009 A1
20090253457 Seguin Oct 2009 A1
20090253463 Shin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090254339 Seguin Oct 2009 A1
20090254345 Fleizach et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090259969 Pallakoff Oct 2009 A1
20090265368 Crider et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271109 Lee et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271175 Bodin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271176 Bodin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271178 Bodin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271188 Agapi et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271189 Agapi et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090274315 Carnes et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090281789 Waibel et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090284482 Chin Nov 2009 A1
20090286514 Lichorowic et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090287583 Holmes Nov 2009 A1
20090290718 Kahn et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090292987 Sorenson Nov 2009 A1
20090296552 Hicks et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090298474 George Dec 2009 A1
20090299745 Kennewick et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090299849 Cao et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090300391 Jessup et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090300488 Salamon et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090304198 Herre et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306967 Nicolov et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306969 Goud et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306979 Jaiswal et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306980 Shin Dec 2009 A1
20090306981 Cromack et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306985 Roberts et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306988 Chen et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306989 Kaji Dec 2009 A1
20090307162 Bui et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090307201 Dunning et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090307584 Davidson et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313014 Shin et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313023 Jones Dec 2009 A1
20090313026 Coffman et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313544 Wood et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313564 Rottler et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090316943 Frigola Munoz et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090318119 Basir et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090318198 Carroll Dec 2009 A1
20090319266 Brown et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090326936 Nagashima Dec 2009 A1
20090326938 Marila et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090326949 Douthitt et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090327977 Bachfischer et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100004931 Ma et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100005081 Bennett Jan 2010 A1
20100013760 Hirai et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100013796 Abileah et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100017212 Attwater et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100019834 Zerbe et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100023318 Lemoine Jan 2010 A1
20100023320 Di Cristo et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100026526 Yokota Feb 2010 A1
20100030928 Conroy et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100031143 Rao et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100036655 Cecil et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100036660 Bennett Feb 2010 A1
20100037183 Miyashita et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100042400 Block et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100046842 Conwell et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100049514 Kennewick et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100050064 Liu et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100054512 Solum Mar 2010 A1
20100057457 Ogata et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100057461 Neubacher et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100057643 Yang Mar 2010 A1
20100060646 Unsal et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100063804 Sato et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100063825 Williams et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100063961 Guiheneuf et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100064113 Lindahl et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100064218 Bull et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100067723 Bergmann et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100067867 Lin et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100070281 Conkie et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100070899 Hunt et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100076760 Kraenzel et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100077350 Lim et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100079501 Ikeda et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100080398 Waldmann Apr 2010 A1
20100080470 Deluca et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100081456 Singh et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100081487 Chen et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082327 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082328 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082329 Silverman et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082346 Roggers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082347 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082348 Silverman et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082349 Bellegarda et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082970 Lindahl et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100086152 Rank et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100086153 Hagen et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100086156 Rank et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100088020 Sano et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100088093 Lee et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100088100 Lindahl Apr 2010 A1
20100098231 Wohlert et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100212 Lindahl et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100384 Ju et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100103776 Chan Apr 2010 A1
20100106498 Morrison et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100106500 McKee et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100106503 Farrell et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100114856 Kuboyama May 2010 A1
20100121637 Roy et al. May 2010 A1
20100125456 Weng et al. May 2010 A1
20100125458 Franco et al. May 2010 A1
20100125460 Mellott et al. May 2010 A1
20100125811 Moore et al. May 2010 A1
20100131273 Aley-Raz et al. May 2010 A1
20100131498 Linthicum et al. May 2010 A1
20100131899 Hubert May 2010 A1
20100138215 Williams Jun 2010 A1
20100138224 Bedingfield, Sr. Jun 2010 A1
20100138416 Bellotti Jun 2010 A1
20100138680 Brisebois et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100138759 Roy Jun 2010 A1
20100142740 Roerup Jun 2010 A1
20100145694 Ju et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100145700 Kennewick et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100146442 Nagasaka et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100150321 Harris et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100153115 Klee et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100161313 Karttunen Jun 2010 A1
20100161554 Datuashvili et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100164897 Morin et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100169075 Raffa et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100169097 Nachman et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100169098 Patch Jul 2010 A1
20100171713 Kwok et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100174544 Heifets Jul 2010 A1
20100179932 Yoon et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100179991 Lorch et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100185448 Meisel Jul 2010 A1
20100185949 Jaeger Jul 2010 A1
20100197359 Harris Aug 2010 A1
20100199215 Seymour et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100204986 Kennewick et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100211199 Naik et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100216509 Riemer et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100217604 Baldwin et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100222033 Scott et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100222098 Garg Sep 2010 A1
20100223055 Mclean Sep 2010 A1
20100223056 Kadirkamanathan et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100223131 Scott et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100228540 Bennett Sep 2010 A1
20100228691 Yang et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100229082 Karmarkar et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100229100 Miller Sep 2010 A1
20100231474 Yamagajo et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100235167 Bourdon Sep 2010 A1
20100235341 Bennett Sep 2010 A1
20100235729 Kocienda et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100235770 Ording et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100241418 Maeda et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100250542 Fujimaki Sep 2010 A1
20100250599 Schmidt et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100255858 Juhasz Oct 2010 A1
20100257160 Cao Oct 2010 A1
20100257478 Longe et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100262599 Nitz Oct 2010 A1
20100268539 Xu et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100269040 Lee Oct 2010 A1
20100274753 Liberty et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100277579 Cho et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100278320 Arsenault et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100278453 King Nov 2010 A1
20100280983 Cho et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100281034 Petrou et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100286985 Kennewick et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100287514 Cragun et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100293460 Budelli Nov 2010 A1
20100299133 Kopparapu et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100299138 Kim Nov 2010 A1
20100299142 Freeman et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100302056 Dutton et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100304705 Hursey et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100305807 Basir et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100305947 Schwarz et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100312547 Van Os et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100312566 Odinak et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100318576 Kim Dec 2010 A1
20100322438 Siotis Dec 2010 A1
20100324709 Starmen Dec 2010 A1
20100324895 Kurzweil et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100324896 Attwater et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100324905 Kurzweil et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100325573 Estrada et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100325588 Reddy et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332224 Mäkelä et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332235 David Dec 2010 A1
20100332280 Bradley et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332348 Cao Dec 2010 A1
20100332428 Mchenry et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332976 Fux et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100333030 Johns Dec 2010 A1
20110002487 Panther et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110010178 Lee et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110010644 Merrill et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110016150 Engstrom et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110018695 Bells et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110021213 Carr Jan 2011 A1
20110022292 Shen et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022394 Wide et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022472 Zon et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022952 Wu et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110029616 Wang et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110033064 Johnson et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110035144 Okamoto et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110035434 Lockwood Feb 2011 A1
20110038489 Visser et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110047072 Ciurea Feb 2011 A1
20110047149 Vaananen Feb 2011 A1
20110047161 Myaeng et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110050591 Kim et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110054647 Chipchase Mar 2011 A1
20110054894 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110054901 Qin et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110055256 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060584 Ferrucci et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060587 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060589 Weinberg et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060807 Martin et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110065456 Brennan et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110066468 Huang et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110072492 Mohler et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110076994 Kim et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110082688 Kim et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110083079 Farrell et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110087491 Wittenstein et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110090078 Kim et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110093261 Angott Apr 2011 A1
20110093265 Stent et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110093271 Bernard et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110099000 Rai et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110103682 Chidlovskii et al. May 2011 A1
20110106736 Aharonson et al. May 2011 A1
20110110502 Daye et al. May 2011 A1
20110112827 Kennewick et al. May 2011 A1
20110112837 Kurki-Suonio et al. May 2011 A1
20110112921 Kennewick et al. May 2011 A1
20110116610 Shaw et al. May 2011 A1
20110119049 Ylonen May 2011 A1
20110119051 Li et al. May 2011 A1
20110119715 Chang et al. May 2011 A1
20110125498 Pickering et al. May 2011 A1
20110125540 Jang et al. May 2011 A1
20110130958 Stahl et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110131036 DiCristo et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110131038 Oyaizu et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110131045 Cristo et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110141141 Kankainen Jun 2011 A1
20110143811 Rodriguez Jun 2011 A1
20110144857 Wingrove et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110144901 Wang Jun 2011 A1
20110144973 Bocchieri et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110144999 Jang et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110145718 Ketoia et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110151830 Blanda et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110153209 Geelen Jun 2011 A1
20110153330 Yazdani et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110153373 Dantzig et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110157029 Tseng Jun 2011 A1
20110161076 Davis et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161079 Gruhn et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161309 Lung et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161852 Vainio et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110167350 Hoellwarth Jul 2011 A1
20110175810 Markovic et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110179002 Dumitru et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110179372 Moore et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110183650 McKee et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110184721 Subramanian et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110184730 LeBeau et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110185288 Gupta Jul 2011 A1
20110191271 Baker et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110191344 Jin et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110195758 Damale et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110201385 Higginbotham et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110201387 Paek et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110202526 Lee et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110205149 Tom et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110208511 Sikstrom et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110209088 Hinckley et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110212717 Rhoads et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110218806 Alewine et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110218855 Cao et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110219018 Bailey et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110224972 Millett et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110228913 Cochinwala et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231182 Weider et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231184 Kerr Sep 2011 A1
20110231188 Kennewick et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231474 Locker et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110238407 Kent Sep 2011 A1
20110238408 Larcheveque et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110238676 Liu et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110239111 Grover Sep 2011 A1
20110242007 Gray et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110246471 Rakib et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110249144 Chang Oct 2011 A1
20110250570 Mack et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110258188 Abdalmageed et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110260861 Singh et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110264643 Cao Oct 2011 A1
20110274303 Filson et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110276598 Kozempel Nov 2011 A1
20110279368 Klein et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110282888 Koperski et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110288861 Kurzweil et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110298585 Barry Dec 2011 A1
20110302162 Xiao et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110306426 Novak et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307241 Waibel et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307491 Fisk et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307810 Hilerio et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110313775 Laligand et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110314032 Bennett et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110314404 Kotler et al. Dec 2011 A1
20120002820 Leichter Jan 2012 A1
20120008754 Mukherjee et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120011138 Dunning et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120013609 Reponen et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120015629 Olsen et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120016678 Gruber Jan 2012 A1
20120019400 Patel et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120020490 Leichter Jan 2012 A1
20120022787 LeBeau et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022857 Baldwin et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022860 Lloyd et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022868 LeBeau et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022869 Lloyd et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022870 Kristjansson et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022872 Gruber et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022874 Lloyd et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022876 LeBeau et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120023088 Cheng et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120034904 LeBeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035907 Lebeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035908 Lebeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035924 Jitkoff et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035925 Friend et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035926 Ambler et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035931 LeBeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035932 Jitkoff et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120036556 LeBeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120042343 Laligand et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120053815 Montanari et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120053945 Gupta et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120056815 Mehra Mar 2012 A1
20120066581 Spalink et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078627 Wagner Mar 2012 A1
20120082317 Pance et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120084086 Gilbert et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120084634 Wong et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120108221 Thomas et al. May 2012 A1
20120116770 Chen et al. May 2012 A1
20120124126 Alcazar et al. May 2012 A1
20120128322 Shaffer et al. May 2012 A1
20120136572 Norton May 2012 A1
20120136985 Popescu et al. May 2012 A1
20120137367 Dupont et al. May 2012 A1
20120149394 Singh et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120150580 Norton Jun 2012 A1
20120158293 Burnham Jun 2012 A1
20120158422 Burnham et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120159380 Kocienda et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120163710 Skaff et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120173464 Tur et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120174121 Treat et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120185237 Gajic et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120192096 Bowman et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120197743 Grigg et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120197995 Caruso Aug 2012 A1
20120197998 Kessel et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120201362 Crossan et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120209853 Desai et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120209874 Wong et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120214141 Raya et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120214517 Singh et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120221339 Wang et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120221552 Reponen et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120223936 Aughey et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120232886 Capuozzo et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120232906 Lindahl et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120242482 Elumalai et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120245719 Story, Jr. et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120245941 Cheyer Sep 2012 A1
20120245944 Gruber et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120246064 Balkow Sep 2012 A1
20120250858 Iqbal Oct 2012 A1
20120252367 Gaglio et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120252540 Kirigaya Oct 2012 A1
20120254143 Varma et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120254152 Park et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120254290 Naaman Oct 2012 A1
20120265528 Gruber et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120265535 Bryant-Rich et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120271625 Bernard Oct 2012 A1
20120271635 Ljolje Oct 2012 A1
20120271640 Basir Oct 2012 A1
20120271676 Aravamudan et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120275377 Lehane et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120284027 Mallett et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120290300 Lee et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120295708 Hernandez-Abrego et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296649 Bansal et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296654 Hendrickson et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296891 Rangan Nov 2012 A1
20120303369 Brush et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120304124 Chen et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120309363 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310642 Cao et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310649 Cannistraro et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310652 O'Sullivan Dec 2012 A1
20120311478 Van Os et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311583 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311584 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311585 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120317498 Logan et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120330660 Jaiswal Dec 2012 A1
20120330661 Lindahl Dec 2012 A1
20130005405 Prociw Jan 2013 A1
20130006633 Grokop et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130006637 Kanevsky et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130006638 Lindahl Jan 2013 A1
20130007648 Gamon et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130041654 Walker et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130041661 Lee et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130041968 Cohen et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130054609 Rajput et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130054675 Jenkins Feb 2013 A1
20130054706 Graham et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130055099 Yao et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130055147 Vasudev Feb 2013 A1
20130066832 Sheehan Mar 2013 A1
20130073286 Bastea-Forte et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130080162 Chang et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130080167 Mozer Mar 2013 A1
20130080177 Chen Mar 2013 A1
20130085761 Bringert et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130090921 Liu et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130091090 Spivack et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130097566 Berglund Apr 2013 A1
20130103391 Millmore et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130110505 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130110515 Guzzoni et al. May 2013 A1
20130110518 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130110519 Cheyer et al. May 2013 A1
20130110520 Cheyer et al. May 2013 A1
20130111348 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130111487 Cheyer et al. May 2013 A1
20130115927 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130117022 Chen et al. May 2013 A1
20130124189 Baldwin et al. May 2013 A1
20130144616 Bangalore et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130152092 Yadgar Jun 2013 A1
20130158977 Senior Jun 2013 A1
20130170738 Capuozzo et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130176592 Sasaki Jul 2013 A1
20130185059 Riccardi et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130185074 Gruber et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130185081 Cheyer et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130191117 Atti et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130218553 Fujii et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130218560 Hsiao et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130225128 Gomar Aug 2013 A1
20130231917 Naik et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130235987 Arroniz-Escobar Sep 2013 A1
20130238647 Thompson Sep 2013 A1
20130244615 Miller et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130246048 Nagase et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130275117 Winer Oct 2013 A1
20130275625 Taivalsaari Oct 2013 A1
20130289991 Eshwar et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130289994 Newman et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130304479 Teller et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130304758 Gruber et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130304815 Puente et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130325443 Begeja et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325979 Mansfield et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130332168 Kim et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130346068 Solem et al. Dec 2013 A1
20140028735 Williams et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140053082 Park Feb 2014 A1
20140059030 Hakkani-Tur et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140067371 Liensberger Mar 2014 A1
20140068751 Last et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140074470 Jansche et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140074472 Lin et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140080428 Rhoads et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140081633 Badaskar Mar 2014 A1
20140082501 Bae et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140086458 Rogers et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140098247 Rao et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140122086 Kapur et al. May 2014 A1
20140136195 Abdossalami et al. May 2014 A1
20140136212 Kwon et al. May 2014 A1
20140142923 Jones et al. May 2014 A1
20140152577 Yuen et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140155031 Lee et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140157422 Livshits et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140195251 Zeinstra et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140203939 Harrington et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140232656 Pasquero Aug 2014 A1
20140236595 Gray Aug 2014 A1
20140244257 Colibro et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140244258 Song et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140247926 Gainsboro et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140249817 Hart et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278435 Ganong et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140282743 Howard et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140316585 Boesveld et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140337266 Kalns et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140337814 Kalns et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140365895 Magahern et al. Dec 2014 A1
20150046537 Rakib Feb 2015 A1
20150066516 Nishikawa et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150148013 Baldwin et al. May 2015 A1
20150170664 Doherty et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150172463 Quast et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150234800 Patrick et al. Aug 2015 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (477)
Number Date Country
2666438 Jun 2013 CA
681573 Apr 1993 CH
1263385 Aug 2000 CN
1274440 Nov 2000 CN
1369858 Sep 2002 CN
1383109 Dec 2002 CN
1494695 May 2004 CN
1640191 Jul 2005 CN
1673939 Sep 2005 CN
1864204 Nov 2006 CN
1898721 Jan 2007 CN
1959628 May 2007 CN
1975715 Jun 2007 CN
1995917 Jul 2007 CN
101162153 Apr 2008 CN
101183525 May 2008 CN
101297541 Oct 2008 CN
101535983 Sep 2009 CN
101636736 Jan 2010 CN
101847405 Sep 2010 CN
101939740 Jan 2011 CN
101951553 Jan 2011 CN
102160043 Aug 2011 CN
102246136 Nov 2011 CN
202035047 Nov 2011 CN
202092650 Dec 2011 CN
102792320 Nov 2012 CN
102870065 Jan 2013 CN
3837590 May 1990 DE
4126902 Feb 1992 DE
4334773 Apr 1994 DE
4445023 Jun 1996 DE
10-2004-029203 Dec 2007 DE
19841541 Dec 2007 DE
0030390 Jun 1981 EP
0057514 Feb 1982 EP
0059880 Sep 1982 EP
0138061 Apr 1985 EP
0140777 May 1985 EP
0218859 Apr 1987 EP
0262938 Apr 1988 EP
0138061 Jun 1988 EP
0283995 Sep 1988 EP
0293259 Nov 1988 EP
0299572 Jan 1989 EP
0313975 May 1989 EP
0314908 May 1989 EP
0327408 Aug 1989 EP
0389271 Sep 1990 EP
0411675 Feb 1991 EP
0441089 Aug 1991 EP
0464712 Jan 1992 EP
0476972 Mar 1992 EP
0534410 Mar 1993 EP
0558312 Sep 1993 EP
0559349 Sep 1993 EP
0570660 Nov 1993 EP
0575146 Dec 1993 EP
0578604 Jan 1994 EP
0586996 Mar 1994 EP
0609030 Aug 1994 EP
0651543 May 1995 EP
0679005 Oct 1995 EP
0795811 Sep 1997 EP
0476972 May 1998 EP
0845894 Jun 1998 EP
0852052 Jul 1998 EP
0863453 Sep 1998 EP
0863469 Sep 1998 EP
0867860 Sep 1998 EP
0869697 Oct 1998 EP
0559349 Jan 1999 EP
0889626 Jan 1999 EP
0917077 May 1999 EP
0691023 Sep 1999 EP
0946032 Sep 1999 EP
0981236 Feb 2000 EP
0982732 Mar 2000 EP
0984430 Mar 2000 EP
1001588 May 2000 EP
1014277 Jun 2000 EP
1028425 Aug 2000 EP
1028426 Aug 2000 EP
1047251 Oct 2000 EP
1052566 Nov 2000 EP
1076302 Feb 2001 EP
1091615 Apr 2001 EP
1107229 Jun 2001 EP
1229496 Aug 2002 EP
1233600 Aug 2002 EP
1245023 Oct 2002 EP
1246075 Oct 2002 EP
1280326 Jan 2003 EP
1291848 Mar 2003 EP
1311102 May 2003 EP
1315084 May 2003 EP
1315086 May 2003 EP
1347361 Sep 2003 EP
1368961 Dec 2003 EP
1379061 Jan 2004 EP
1432219 Jun 2004 EP
1435620 Jul 2004 EP
1480421 Nov 2004 EP
1517228 Mar 2005 EP
1536612 Jun 2005 EP
1566948 Aug 2005 EP
1650938 Apr 2006 EP
1693829 Aug 2006 EP
1699042 Sep 2006 EP
1739546 Jan 2007 EP
1181802 Feb 2007 EP
1818786 Aug 2007 EP
1892700 Feb 2008 EP
1912205 Apr 2008 EP
1939860 Jul 2008 EP
651543 Sep 2008 EP
1909263 Jan 2009 EP
1335620 Mar 2009 EP
2069895 Jun 2009 EP
2094032 Aug 2009 EP
2109295 Oct 2009 EP
1720375 Jul 2010 EP
2205010 Jul 2010 EP
1094406 Apr 2011 EP
2309491 Apr 2011 EP
2400373 Dec 2011 EP
2431842 Mar 2012 EP
2551784 Jan 2013 EP
2575128 Apr 2013 EP
2733598 May 2014 EP
2801972 Nov 2014 EP
2293667 Apr 1996 GB
2310559 Aug 1997 GB
2323694 Sep 1998 GB
2342802 Apr 2000 GB
2343285 May 2000 GB
2346500 Aug 2000 GB
2352377 Jan 2001 GB
2384399 Jul 2003 GB
2402855 Dec 2004 GB
2445436 Jul 2008 GB
FI20010199 Apr 2003 IT
2010-287063 Mar 1951 JP
55-80084 Jun 1980 JP
57-41731 Mar 1982 JP
59-57336 Apr 1984 JP
62-153326 Jul 1987 JP
01-010317 Jan 1989 JP
12-54742 Oct 1989 JP
2-86397 Mar 1990 JP
2-153415 Jun 1990 JP
3-113578 May 1991 JP
4-236624 Aug 1992 JP
5-79951 Mar 1993 JP
5-165459 Jul 1993 JP
5-293126 Nov 1993 JP
6-19965 Jan 1994 JP
6-69954 Mar 1994 JP
6-274586 Sep 1994 JP
6-332617 Dec 1994 JP
7-199379 Aug 1995 JP
7-320051 Dec 1995 JP
7-320079 Dec 1995 JP
8-63330 Mar 1996 JP
8-185265 Jul 1996 JP
08-223281 Aug 1996 JP
8-227341 Sep 1996 JP
9-18585 Jan 1997 JP
9-55792 Feb 1997 JP
9-259063 Oct 1997 JP
9-265457 Oct 1997 JP
10-31497 Feb 1998 JP
10-105324 Apr 1998 JP
10320169 Dec 1998 JP
11-6743 Jan 1999 JP
15-00631 Jan 1999 JP
11-45241 Feb 1999 JP
11-265400 Sep 1999 JP
2000-90119 Mar 2000 JP
2000-99225 Apr 2000 JP
2000-134407 May 2000 JP
2000-163031 Jun 2000 JP
2000-207167 Jul 2000 JP
2000-224663 Aug 2000 JP
2000-272349 Oct 2000 JP
2000-331004 Nov 2000 JP
2000-339137 Dec 2000 JP
2001-13978 Jan 2001 JP
2001-22498 Jan 2001 JP
2001-34289 Feb 2001 JP
2001-034290 Feb 2001 JP
2001-56233 Feb 2001 JP
2001-125896 May 2001 JP
2001-148899 May 2001 JP
2001-273283 Oct 2001 JP
2002-14954 Jan 2002 JP
2002-024212 Jan 2002 JP
2002-030676 Jan 2002 JP
2002-41276 Feb 2002 JP
2002-041624 Feb 2002 JP
2002-082748 Mar 2002 JP
2002-82893 Mar 2002 JP
2002-132804 May 2002 JP
2002-169588 Jun 2002 JP
2002-524806 Aug 2002 JP
2002-281562 Sep 2002 JP
2002-342033 Nov 2002 JP
2002-344880 Nov 2002 JP
2002-542501 Dec 2002 JP
2003-15682 Jan 2003 JP
2003-44091 Feb 2003 JP
2003-84877 Mar 2003 JP
2003-517158 May 2003 JP
2003-233568 Aug 2003 JP
2003-244317 Aug 2003 JP
2003-288356 Oct 2003 JP
2004-48804 Feb 2004 JP
2004-054080 Feb 2004 JP
2004-505322 Feb 2004 JP
2004-505525 Feb 2004 JP
2004-86356 Mar 2004 JP
2004-117905 Apr 2004 JP
2004-152063 May 2004 JP
2004-523004 Jul 2004 JP
2004-295837 Oct 2004 JP
2004-534268 Nov 2004 JP
2005-55782 Mar 2005 JP
2005-63257 Mar 2005 JP
2005-070645 Mar 2005 JP
2005-80094 Mar 2005 JP
2005-86624 Mar 2005 JP
2005-506602 Mar 2005 JP
2005-92441 Apr 2005 JP
2005-149481 Jun 2005 JP
2005-181386 Jul 2005 JP
2005-189454 Jul 2005 JP
2005-221678 Aug 2005 JP
2005-283843 Oct 2005 JP
2005-311864 Nov 2005 JP
2005-332212 Dec 2005 JP
2006-023860 Jan 2006 JP
2006-30447 Feb 2006 JP
2006-031092 Feb 2006 JP
2006-059094 Mar 2006 JP
2006-080617 Mar 2006 JP
2006-107438 Apr 2006 JP
2006-146008 Jun 2006 JP
2006-155368 Jun 2006 JP
2006-188098 Jul 2006 JP
2006-195637 Jul 2006 JP
2006-208696 Aug 2006 JP
2006-302091 Nov 2006 JP
2006-526185 Nov 2006 JP
2007-4633 Jan 2007 JP
2007-17990 Jan 2007 JP
2007-500903 Jan 2007 JP
2007-053796 Mar 2007 JP
2007-079690 Mar 2007 JP
2007-171534 Jul 2007 JP
2007-193794 Aug 2007 JP
2007-206317 Aug 2007 JP
2007-264471 Oct 2007 JP
2007-299352 Nov 2007 JP
2007325089 Dec 2007 JP
2008-26381 Feb 2008 JP
2008-39928 Feb 2008 JP
2008-058813 Mar 2008 JP
2008-90545 Apr 2008 JP
2008-97003 Apr 2008 JP
2008-134949 Jun 2008 JP
2008-526101 Jul 2008 JP
2008-198022 Aug 2008 JP
2008-217468 Sep 2008 JP
2008-228129 Sep 2008 JP
2008-233678 Oct 2008 JP
2008-236448 Oct 2008 JP
2008-252161 Oct 2008 JP
2008-268684 Nov 2008 JP
2008-271481 Nov 2008 JP
2009-503623 Jan 2009 JP
2009-27000 Feb 2009 JP
2009-036999 Feb 2009 JP
2009-47920 Mar 2009 JP
2009-98490 May 2009 JP
2009-186989 Aug 2009 JP
2009-193448 Aug 2009 JP
2009-205367 Sep 2009 JP
2009-294913 Dec 2009 JP
2009-294946 Dec 2009 JP
2010-78979 Apr 2010 JP
2010-518526 May 2010 JP
2010-146347 Jul 2010 JP
2010-157207 Jul 2010 JP
2010-205111 Sep 2010 JP
2010-224236 Oct 2010 JP
2010-535377 Nov 2010 JP
2011-041026 Feb 2011 JP
2011-45005 Mar 2011 JP
2011-059659 Mar 2011 JP
2011-81541 Apr 2011 JP
2011-525045 Sep 2011 JP
2012-518847 Aug 2012 JP
2013-511214 Mar 2013 JP
2013-080476 May 2013 JP
2013-517566 May 2013 JP
10-1999-0073234 Oct 1999 KR
11-2002-0013984 Feb 2002 KR
10-2002-0057262 Jul 2002 KR
10-2002-0064149 Aug 2002 KR
10-2002-0069952 Sep 2002 KR
10-2003-0016993 Mar 2003 KR
10-2004-0014835 Feb 2004 KR
10-2004-0044632 May 2004 KR
10-2005-0083561 Aug 2005 KR
10-2005-0090568 Sep 2005 KR
10-2006-0011603 Feb 2006 KR
10-2006-0012730 Feb 2006 KR
10-2006-0073574 Jun 2006 KR
10-2006-0091469 Aug 2006 KR
10-2007-0024262 Mar 2007 KR
10-2007-0071675 Jul 2007 KR
10-0757496 Sep 2007 KR
10-2007-0100837 Oct 2007 KR
10-0776800 Nov 2007 KR
10-0801227 Feb 2008 KR
10-0810500 Mar 2008 KR
10-2008-0033070 Apr 2008 KR
10-2008-0049647 Jun 2008 KR
10-2008-0059332 Jun 2008 KR
10-2008-0109322 Dec 2008 KR
10-2009-0001716 Jan 2009 KR
10-2009-0030117 Mar 2009 KR
10-2009-0086805 Aug 2009 KR
10-0920267 Oct 2009 KR
10-2009-0122944 Dec 2009 KR
10-2010-0048571 May 2010 KR
10-2010-0119519 Nov 2010 KR
10-1032792 May 2011 KR
10-2011-0113414 Oct 2011 KR
10-2012-0120316 Nov 2012 KR
10-1193668 Dec 2012 KR
10-2013-0035983 Apr 2013 KR
1014847 Oct 2001 NL
2273106 Mar 2006 RU
2349970 Mar 2009 RU
2353068 Apr 2009 RU
2364917 Aug 2009 RU
468323 Dec 2001 TW
200643744 Dec 2006 TW
200801988 Jan 2008 TW
I301373 Sep 2008 TW
200943903 Oct 2009 TW
201227715 Jul 2012 TW
1993020640 Oct 1993 WO
1994016434 Jul 1994 WO
1994029788 Dec 1994 WO
1995002221 Jan 1995 WO
1995016950 Jun 1995 WO
1995017746 Jun 1995 WO
1997010586 Mar 1997 WO
1997026612 Jul 1997 WO
1997029614 Aug 1997 WO
1997038488 Oct 1997 WO
1997049044 Dec 1997 WO
1998009270 Mar 1998 WO
1998033111 Jul 1998 WO
1998041956 Sep 1998 WO
1999001834 Jan 1999 WO
1999008238 Feb 1999 WO
1999016181 Apr 1999 WO
1999056227 Nov 1999 WO
2000014727 Mar 2000 WO
2000014728 Mar 2000 WO
2000019697 Apr 2000 WO
2000022820 Apr 2000 WO
2000029964 May 2000 WO
2000030070 May 2000 WO
2000038041 Jun 2000 WO
2000044173 Jul 2000 WO
2000060435 Oct 2000 WO
2000063766 Oct 2000 WO
2000068936 Nov 2000 WO
2001006489 Jan 2001 WO
2001030046 Apr 2001 WO
2001030047 Apr 2001 WO
2001060435 Apr 2001 WO
2001033569 May 2001 WO
2001035391 May 2001 WO
2001046946 Jun 2001 WO
2001065413 Sep 2001 WO
2001067753 Sep 2001 WO
2002025610 Mar 2002 WO
2002031814 Apr 2002 WO
2002037469 May 2002 WO
2002049253 Jun 2002 WO
2002071259 Sep 2002 WO
2002073603 Sep 2002 WO
2003003152 Jan 2003 WO
2003003765 Jan 2003 WO
2003023786 Mar 2003 WO
2003041364 May 2003 WO
2003049494 Jun 2003 WO
2003056789 Jul 2003 WO
2003067202 Aug 2003 WO
2003084196 Oct 2003 WO
2003094489 Nov 2003 WO
03105125 Dec 2003 WO
2004003765 Jan 2004 WO
2004008801 Jan 2004 WO
2004025938 Mar 2004 WO
2004047415 Jun 2004 WO
2004055637 Jul 2004 WO
2004057486 Jul 2004 WO
2004061850 Jul 2004 WO
2004084413 Sep 2004 WO
2005003920 Jan 2005 WO
2005008505 Jan 2005 WO
2005008899 Jan 2005 WO
2005010725 Feb 2005 WO
2005027472 Mar 2005 WO
2005027485 Mar 2005 WO
2005031737 Apr 2005 WO
2005034085 Apr 2005 WO
2005041455 May 2005 WO
2005059895 Jun 2005 WO
2005064592 Jul 2005 WO
2005069171 Jul 2005 WO
2005101176 Oct 2005 WO
2006020305 Feb 2006 WO
2006037545 Apr 2006 WO
2006054724 May 2006 WO
2006056822 Jun 2006 WO
2006078246 Jul 2006 WO
2006084144 Aug 2006 WO
2006101649 Sep 2006 WO
2006129967 Dec 2006 WO
2006133571 Dec 2006 WO
2007002753 Jan 2007 WO
2002010900 Feb 2007 WO
2007080559 Jul 2007 WO
2007083894 Jul 2007 WO
2008030970 Mar 2008 WO
2008071231 Jun 2008 WO
2008085742 Jul 2008 WO
2008098900 Aug 2008 WO
2008109835 Sep 2008 WO
2008120036 Oct 2008 WO
2008130095 Oct 2008 WO
2008140236 Nov 2008 WO
2008142472 Nov 2008 WO
2008153639 Dec 2008 WO
2009009240 Jan 2009 WO
2009016631 Feb 2009 WO
2009017280 Feb 2009 WO
2009104126 Aug 2009 WO
2009156438 Dec 2009 WO
2009156978 Dec 2009 WO
2010075623 Jul 2010 WO
2011057346 May 2011 WO
2011060106 May 2011 WO
2011088053 Jul 2011 WO
2011093025 Aug 2011 WO
2011116309 Sep 2011 WO
2011133543 Oct 2011 WO
2011150730 Dec 2011 WO
2011163350 Dec 2011 WO
2012154317 Nov 2012 WO
2012155079 Nov 2012 WO
2012167168 Dec 2012 WO
2013048880 Apr 2013 WO
2013169842 Nov 2013 WO
2013184953 Dec 2013 WO
2014028797 Feb 2014 WO
2014031505 Feb 2014 WO
2014078965 May 2014 WO
2014197336 Dec 2014 WO
2015084659 Jun 2015 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1149)
Entry
“Interactive Voice”, available at <http://www.helloivee.com/company/>, retrieved on Feb. 10, 2014, 2 pages.
“Meet Ivee, Your Wi-Fi Voice Activated Assistant”, available at <http://www.helloivee.com/>, retrieved on Feb. 10, 2014, 8 pages.
“Speaker Recognition”, Wikipedia, The Free Enclyclopedia, Nov. 2, 2010, 4 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/029810, dated Oct. 3, 2013, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/029810, dated Aug. 17, 2012, 11 pages.
Extended European Search Report and Search Opinion received for European Patent Application No. 12185276.8, dated Dec. 18, 2012, 4 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 12186663.6, dated Jul. 16, 2013, 6 pages.
Apple Computer, “Knowledge Navigator”, published by Apple Computer no later than 2008, as depicted in Exemplary Screenshots from video entitled ‘Knowledge Navigator’, 2008, 7 pages.
Applebaum et al., “Enhancing the Discrimination of Speaker Independent Hidden Markov Models with Corrective Training”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 23, 1989, pp. 302-305.
Bellegarda, Jerome R. “Latent Semantic Mapping”, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 22, No. 5, Sep. 2005, pp. 70-80.
Bellegarda et al., “Tied Mixture Continuous Parameter Modeling for Speech Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 38, No. 12, Dec. 1990, pp. 2033-2045.
Chang et al., “Discriminative Training of Dynamic Programming based Speech Recognizers”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 1, No. 2, Apr. 1993, pp. 135-143.
Cheyer et al., “Demonstration Video of Multimodal Maps Using an Agent Architecture”, published by SRI International no later than 1996, as depicted in Exemplary Screenshots from video entitled Demonstration Video of Multimodal Maps Using an Agent Architecture, 1996, 6 pages.
Cheyer et al., “Demonstration Video of Multimodal Maps Using an Open- Agent Architecture”, published by SRI International no later than 1996, as depicted in Exemplary Screenshots from video entitled Demonstration Video of Multimodal Maps Using an Open-Agent Architecture, 6 pages.
Cheyer, A., “Demonstration Video of Vanguard Mobile Portal”, published by SRI International no later than 2004, as depicted in ‘Exemplary Screenshots from video entitled Demonstration Video of Vanguard Mobile Portal’, 2004, 10 pages.
Choi et al., “Acoustic and Visual Signal based Context Awareness System for Mobile Application”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 57, No. 2, May 2011, pp. 738-746.
Kickstarter, “Ivee Sleek: Wi-Fi Voice-Activated Assistant”, available at <https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/ivee/ivee-sleek-wi-fi-voice-activated-assistant>, retrieved on Feb. 10, 2014, 13 pages.
Navigli, Roberto, “Word Sense Disambiguation: A Survey”, ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 41, No. 2, Feb. 2009, 70 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/015418, dated Aug. 26, 2014, 17 pages.
Guim, Mark, “How to Set a Person-Based Reminder with Cortana”, available at <http://www.wpcentral.com/how-to-person-based-reminder-cortana>, Apr. 26, 2014, 15 pages.
Miller, Chance, “Google Keyboard Updated with New Personalized Suggestions Feature”, available at <http://9to5google.com/2014/03/19/google-keyboard-updated-with-new-personalized-suggestions-feature/>, Mar. 19, 2014, 4 pages.
Roddy et al., “Interface Issues in Text Based Chat Rooms”, SIGCHI Bulletin, vol. 30, No. 2, Apr. 1998, pp. 119-123.
Viegas et al., “Chat Circles”, SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 15-20, 1999, pp. 9-16.
Davis et al., “A Personal Handheld Multi-Modal Shopping Assistant”, International Conference on Networking and Services, IEEE, 2006, 9 pages.
SRI, “SRI Speech: Products: Software Development Kits: EduSpeak”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20090828084033/http://www.speechatsri.com/products/eduspeak>shtml, retrieved on Jun. 20, 2013, 2 pages.
“Mel Scale”, Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia, Last modified on Oct. 13, 2009 and retrieved on Jul. 28, 2010, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_scale>, 2 pages.
“Minimum Phase”, Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia, Last modified on Jan. 12, 2010 and retrieved on Jul. 28, 2010, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_phase>, 8 pages.
Acero et al., “Environmental Robustness in Automatic Speech Recognition”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'90), Apr. 1990, 4 pages.
Acero et al., “Robust Speech Recognition by Normalization of the Acoustic Space”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 1991, 4 pages.
Agnas et al., “Spoken Language Translator: First-Year Report”, SICS (ISSN 0283-3638). SRI and Telia Research AB, Jan. 1994. 161 pages.
Ahlbom et al., Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques, IEEE International Conference of Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'87), vol. 12, Apr. 1987, 4 pages.
Alfred App, “Alfred”, available at <http://www.alfredapp.com/>, retrieved on Feb. 8, 2012, 5 pages.
Allen, J., “Natural Language Understanding”, 2nd Edition. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc., 1995, 671 pages.
Alshawi et al., “CLARE: A Contextual Reasoning and Co-operative Response Framework for the Core Language Engine”, SRI International, Cambridge Computer Science Research Centre, Cambridge, Dec. 1992, 273 pages.
Alshawi et al., “Declarative Derivation of Database Queries from Meaning Representations”, Proceedings of the BANKAI Workshop on Intelligent Information Access, Oct. 1991, 12 pages.
Alshawi et al., “Logical Forms in the Core Language Engine”, Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 1989, pp. 25-32.
Alshawi et al., “Overview of the Core Language Engine”, Proceedings of Future Generation Computing Systems,Tokyo, 13 pages.
Alshawi, HL, “Translation and Monotonic Interpretation/Generation”, SRI International, Cambridge Computer Science Research Centre, Cambridge, available at <http://www.cam.sri.com/tr/crc024/paper.ps.Z1992>, Jul. 1992, 18 pages.
Ambite et al., “Design and Implementation of the CALO Query Manager”, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, 2006, 8 pages.
Ambite et al., “Integration of Heterogeneous Knowledge Sources in the CALO Query Manager”, The 4th International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE), 2005, 18 pages.
Anastasakos et al., “Duration Modeling in Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'95), May 1995, pp. 628-631.
Anderson et al., “Syntax-Directed Recognition of Hand-Printed Two-Dimensional Mathematics”, Proceedings of Symposium on Interactive Systems for Experimental Applied Mathematics: Proceedings of the Association for Computing Machinery Inc. Symposium, 1967, 12 pages.
Ansari et al., “Pitch Modification of Speech using a Low-Sensitivity Inverse Filter Approach”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 5, No. 3, Mar. 1998, pp. 60-62.
Anthony et al., “Supervised Adaption for Signature Verification System”, IBM Technical Disclosure, Jun. 1, 1978, 3 pages.
Appelt et al., “Fastus: A Finite-State Processor for Information Extraction from Real-world Text”, Proceedings of IJCAI, 1993, 8 pages.
Appelt et al., “SRI International Fastus System MUC-6 Test Results and Analysis”, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, 1995, 12 pages.
Apple Computer, “Guide Maker User's Guide”, Apple Computer, Inc., Apr. 27, 1994, 8 pages.
Apple Computer, “Introduction to Apple Guide”, Apple Computer, Inc., Apr. 28, 1994, 20 pages.
Archbold et al., “A Team User's Guide”, SRI International, Dec. 21, 1981, 70 pages.
Asanovic et al., “Experimental Determination of Precision Requirements for Back-Propagation Training of Artificial Neural Networks”, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Microelectronics for Neural Networks, 1991, www.ICSI.Berkeley.EDU, 1991, 7 pages.
Atal et al., “Efficient Coding of LPC Parameters by Temporal Decomposition”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'83), Apr. 1983, 4 pages.
Bahl et al., “A Maximum Likelihood Approach to Continuous Speech Recognition”, IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. PAMI-5, No. 2, Mar. 1983, 13 pages.
Bahl et al., “A Tree-Based Statistical Language Model for Natural Language Speech Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 37, No. 7, Jul. 1989, 8 pages.
Bahl et al., “Acoustic Markov Models Used in the Tangora Speech Recognition System”, Proceeding of International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'88), vol. 1, Apr. 1988, 4 pages.
Bahl et al., “Large Vocabulary Natural Language Continuous Speech Recognition”, Proceedings of 1989 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 1, May 1989, 6 pages.
Bahl et al., “Multonic Markov Word Models for Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 1, No. 3, Jul. 1993, 11 pages.
Bahl et al., “Speech Recognition with Continuous-Parameter Hidden Markov Models”, Proceeding of International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'88), vol. 1, Apr. 1988, 8 pages.
Banbrook, M., “Nonlinear Analysis of Speech from a Synthesis Perspective”, A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Edinburgh, Oct. 15, 1996, 35 pages.
Bear et al., “A System for Labeling Self-Repairs in Speech”, SRI International, Feb. 22, 1993, 9 pages.
Bear et al., “Detection and Correction of Repairs in Human-Computer Dialog”, SRI International, May 1992, 11 pages.
Bear et al., “Integrating Multiple Knowledge Sources for Detection and Correction of Repairs in Human-Computer Dialog”, Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), 1992, 8 pages.
Bear et al., “Using Information Extraction to Improve Document Retrieval”, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, 1998, 11 pages.
Belaid et al., “A Syntactic Approach for Handwritten Mathematical Formula Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. PAMI-6, No. 1, Jan. 1984, 7 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “A Latent Semantic Analysis Framework for Large-Span Language Modeling”, 5th European Conference on Speech, Communication and Technology (EUROSPEECH'97), Sep. 1997, 4 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “A Multispan Language Modeling Framework for Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 6, No. 5, Sep. 1998, 12 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “A Novel Word Clustering Algorithm Based on Latent Semantic Analysis”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'96), vol. 1, 1996, 4 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “Experiments Using Data Augmentation for Speaker Adaptation”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'95), May 1995, 4 pages.
Bellegarda, Jerome R., “Exploiting Latent Semantic Information in Statistical Language Modeling”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, No. 8, Aug. 2000, 18 pages.
Bellegarda, Jerome R., “Interaction-Driven Speech Input—A Data-Driven Approach to the Capture of both Local and Global Language Constraints”, available at <http://old.sig.chi.ora/bulletin/1998.2/bellegarda.html>, 1992, 7 pages.
Bellegarda, Jerome R., “Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition with Multispan Statistical Language Models”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 8, No. 1, Jan. 2000, 9 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “On-Line Handwriting Recognition using Statistical Mixtures”, Advances in Handwriting and Drawings: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Europia, 6th International IGS Conference on Handwriting and Drawing, Paris, France, Jul. 1993, 11 pages.
Appelt et al., “SRI: Description of the JV-FASTUS System used for MUC-5”, SRI International, Artificial Intelligence Center, 1993, 19 pages.
Bellegarda, Jerome R., “Exploiting both Local and Global Constraints for Multi-Span Statistical Language Modeling”, Proceeding of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'98), vol. 2, May 1998, 5 pages.
“Top 10 Best Practices for Voice User Interface Design” available at <http://www.developer.com/voice/article.php/1567051/Top-10-Best-Practices-for-Voice-UserInterface-Design.htm>, Nov. 1, 2002, 4 pages.
Combined Search Report and Examination Report under Sections 17 and 18(3) received for GB Patent Application No. 1009318.5, dated Oct. 8, 2010, 5 pages.
Combined Search Report and Examination Report under Sections 17 and 18(3) received for GB Patent Application No. 1217449.6, dated Jan. 17, 2013, 6 pages.
Aikawa et al., “Speech Recognition Using Time-Warping Neural Networks”, Proceedings of the 1991, IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing, 1991, 10 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “Performance of the IBM Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition System on the ARPA Wall Street Journal Task”, Signal Processing VII: Theories and Applications, European Association for Signal Processing, 1994, 4 pages.
Bellegarda et al., “The Metamorphic Algorithm: A Speaker Mapping Approach to Data Augmentation”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 2, No. 3, Jul. 1994, 8 pages.
Belvin et al., “Development of the HRL Route Navigation Dialogue System”, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, Paper, 2001, 5 pages.
Berry et al., “PTIME: Personalized Assistance for Calendaring”, ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, vol. 2, No. 4, Article 40, Jul. 2011, pp. 1-22.
Berry et al., “Task Management under Change and Uncertainty Constraint Solving Experience with the CALO Project”, Proceedings of CP'05 Workshop on Constraint Solving under Change, 2005, 5 pages.
Black et al., “Automatically Clustering Similar Units for Unit Selection in Speech Synthesis”, Proceedings of Eurospeech, vol. 2, 1997, 4 pages.
Blair et al., “An Evaluation of Retrieval Effectiveness for a Full-Text Document-Retrieval System”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 28, No. 3, Mar. 1985, 11 pages.
Bobrow et al., “Knowledge Representation for Syntactic/Semantic Processing”, From: AAA-80 Proceedings, Copyright 1980, AAAI, 1980, 8 pages.
Bouchou et al., “Using Transducers in Natural Language Database Query”, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, Austria, Jun. 1999, 17 pages.
Bratt et al., “The SRI Telephone-Based ATIS System”, Proceedings of ARPA Workshop on Spoken Language Technology, 1995, 3 pages.
Briner. L. L., “Identifying Keywords in Text Data Processing”, In Zelkowitz, Marvin V., Ed, Directions and Challenges, 15th Annual Technical Symposium, Gaithersbury, Maryland, Jun. 17, 1976, 7 pages.
Bulyko et al., “Error-Correction Detection and Response Generation in a Spoken Dialogue System”, Speech Communication, vol. 45, 2005, pp. 271-288.
Bulyko et al., “Joint Prosody Prediction and Unit Selection for Concatenative Speech Synthesis”, Electrical Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, 2001, 4 pages.
Burke et al., “Question Answering from Frequently Asked Question Files”, AI Magazine, vol. 18, No, 2, 1997, 10 pages.
Burns et al., “Development of a Web-Based Intelligent Agent for the Fashion Selection and Purchasing Process via Electronic Commerce”, Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information System (AMCIS), Dec. 31, 1998, 4 pages.
Bussey, et al “Service Architecture, Prototype Description and Network Implications of a Personalized Information Grazing Service”, INFOCOM'90, Ninth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies, Available at <http://slrohall.com/publications/>, Jun. 1990, 8 pages.
Bussler et al., “Web Service Execution Environment (WSMX)”, retrieved from Internet on Sep. 17, 2012, available at <http://www.w3.org/Submission/WSMX>, Jun. 3, 2005, 29 pages.
Butcher, Mike, “EVI Arrives in Town to go Toe-to-Toe with Siri”, TechCrunch, Jan. 23, 2012, 2 pages.
Buzo et al., “Speech Coding Based Upon Vector Quantization”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-28, No. 5, Oct. 1980, 13 pages.
Caminero-Gil et al., “Data-Driven Discourse Modeling for Semantic Interpretation”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, May 1996, 6 pages.
Car Working Group, “Hands-Free Profile 1.5 HFP1.5_SPEC”, Bluetooth Doc, available at <www.bluetooth.org>, Nov. 25, 2005, 93 pages.
Carter, D., “Lexical Acquisition in the Core Language Engine”, Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 1989, 8 pages.
Carter et al., “The Speech-Language Interface in the Spoken Language Translator”, SRI International, Nov. 23, 1994, 9 pages.
Cawley, Gavin C. “The Application of Neural Networks to Phonetic Modelling”, PhD. Thesis, University of Essex, Mar. 1996, 13 pages.
Chai et al., “Comparative Evaluation of a Natural Language Dialog Based System and a Menu Driven System for Information Access: A Case Study”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval (RIAO), Paris, Apr. 2000, 11 pages.
Chang et al., “A Segment-Based Speech Recognition System for Isolated Mandarin Syllables”, Proceedings TEN CON '93, IEEE Region 10 Conference on Computer, Communication, Control and Power Engineering, vol. 3, Oct. 1993, 6 pages.
Chen, Yi, “Multimedia Siri Finds and Plays Whatever You Ask for”, PSFK Report, Feb. 9, 2012, 9 pages.
Cheyer, Adam, “A Perspective on AI & Agent Technologies for SCM”, VerticalNet Presentation, 2001, 22 pages.
Cheyer, Adam, “About Adam Cheyer”, available at <http://www.adam.cheyer.com/about.html>, retrieved on Sep. 17, 2012, 2 pages.
Cheyer et al., “Multimodal Maps: An Agent-Based Approach”, International Conference on Co-operative Multimodal Communication, 1995, 15 pages.
Cheyer et al., “Spoken Language and Multimodal Applications for Electronic Realties”, Virtual Reality, vol. 3, 1999, pp. 1-15.
Cheyer et al., “The Open Agent Architecture”, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, vol. 4, Mar. 1, 2001, 6 pages.
Cheyer et al., “The Open Agent Architecture: Building Communities of Distributed Software Agents”, Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Power Point Presentation, Available online at <http://www.ai.sri.com/-oaa/>, retrieved on Feb. 21, 1998, 25 pages.
Codd, E. F., “Databases: Improving Usability and Responsiveness—How About Recently”, Copyright 1978, Academic Press, Inc., 1978, 28 pages.
Cohen et al., “An Open Agent Architecture”, available at <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=1 0.1.1.30.480>, 1994, 8 pages.
Cohen et al., “Voice User Interface Design,”, Excerpts from Chapter 1 and Chapter 10, 2004, 36 pages.
Coles et al., “Chemistry Question-Answering”, SRI International, Jun. 1969, 15 pages.
Coles et al., “Techniques for Information Retrieval Using an Inferential Question-Answering System with Natural-Language Input”, SRI International, Nov. 1972, 198 pages.
Coles et al., “The Application of Theorem Proving to Information Retrieval”, SRI International, Jan. 1971, 21 pages.
Conklin, Jeff, “Hypertext: An Introduction and Survey”, Computer Magazine, Sep. 1987, 25 pages.
Connolly et al., “Fast Algorithms for Complex Matrix Multiplication Using Surrogates”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 37, No. 6, Jun. 1989, 13 pages.
Constantinides et al., “A Schema Based Approach to Dialog Control”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 1998, 4 pages.
Cox et al., “Speech and Language Processing for Next-Millennium Communications Services”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, No. 8, Aug. 2000, 24 pages.
Craig et al., “Deacon: Direct English Access and Control”, AFIPS Conference Proceedings, vol. 19, San Francisco, Nov. 1966, 18 pages.
Cutkosky et al., “PACT: An Experiment in Integrating Concurrent Engineering Systems”, Journal & Magazines, Computer, vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. 1993, 14 pages.
Dar et al., “DTL's DataSpot: Database Exploration Using Plain Language”, Proceedings of the 24th VLDB Conference, New York, 1998, 5 pages.
Decker et al., “Designing Behaviors for Information Agents”, The Robotics Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, Paper, Jul. 1996, 15 pages.
Decker et al., “Matchmaking and Brokering”, The Robotics Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, Paper, May 1996, 19 pages.
Deerwester et al., “Indexing by Latent Semantic Analysis”, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, vol. 41, No. 6, Sep. 1990, 19 pages.
Deller, Jr. et al., “Discrete-Time Processing of Speech Signals”, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 0-02-328301-7, 1987, 14 pages.
Digital Equipment Corporation, “Open VMS Software Overview”, Software Manual, Dec. 1995, 159 pages.
Domingue et al., “Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO)—An Ontology for Semantic Web Services”, Position Paper at the W3C Workshop on Frameworks for Semantics in Web Services, Innsbruck, Austria, Jun. 2005, 6 pages.
Donovan, R. E., “A New Distance Measure for Costing Spectral Discontinuities in Concatenative Speech Synthesisers”, available at <http://citeseerx.ist.osu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=1 0.1.1.21.6398>, 2001, 4 pages.
Dowding et al., “Gemini: A Natural Language System for Spoken-Language Understanding”, Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 1993, 8 pages.
Dowding et al., “Interleaving Syntax and Semantics in an Efficient Bottom-Up Parser”, Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 1994, 7 pages.
Elio et al., “On Abstract Task Models and Conversation Policies”, Proc. Workshop on Specifying and Implementing Conversation Policies, Autonomous Agents'99 Conference, 1999, pp. 1-10.
Epstein et al., “Natural Language Access to a Melanoma Data Base”, SRI International, Sep. 1978, 7 pages.
Ericsson et al., “Software Illustrating a Unified Approach to Multimodality and Multilinguality in the In-Home Domain”, Talk and Look: Tools for Ambient Linguistic Knowledge, Dec. 2006, 127 pages.
Evi, “Meet Evi: The One Mobile Application that Provides Solutions for your Everyday Problems”, Feb. 2012, 3 pages.
Exhibit 1, “Natural Language Interface Using Constrained Intermediate Dictionary of Results”, List of Publications Manually Reviewed for the Search of U.S. Pat. No. 7,177,798, Mar. 22, 2013, 1 page.
Feigenbaum et al., “Computer-Assisted Semantic Annotation of Scientific Life Works”, Oct. 15, 2007, 22 pages.
Ferguson et al., “TRIPS: An Integrated Intelligent Problem-Solving Assistant”, Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-98) and Tenth Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (IAAI-98), 1998, 7 pages.
Fikes et al., “A Network-Based Knowledge Representation and its Natural Deduction System”, SRI International, Jul. 1977, 43 pages.
Frisse, M. E., “Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, No. 7, Jul. 1988, 8 pages.
Gamback et al., “The Swedish Core Language Engine”, NOTEX Conference, 1992, 17 pages.
Gannes, Liz, “Alfred App Gives Personalized Restaurant Recommendations”, AllThingsD, Jul. 18, 2011, pp. 1-3.
Gautier et al., “Generating Explanations of Device Behavior Using Compositional Modeling and Causal Ordering”, CiteSeerx. 1993, pp. 89-97.
Gervasio et al., “Active Preference Learning for Personalized Calendar Scheduling Assistance”, CiteSeerx, Proceedings of IUI'05, Jan. 2005, pp. 90-97.
Glass, Alyssa, “Explaining Preference Learning”, CiteSeerx, 2006, pp. 1-5.
Glass et al., “Multilingual Language Generation Across Multiple Domains”, International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Japan, Sep. 1994, 5 pages.
Glass et al., “Multilingual Spoken-Language Understanding in the Mit Voyager System”, Available online at <http://groups.csail.mit.edu/sls/publications/1995/speechcomm95-voyager.pdf>, Aug. 1995, 29 pages.
Goddeau et al., “A Form-Based Dialogue Manager for Spoken Language Applications”, Available online at <http://phasedance.com/pdf!icslp96.pdf>, Oct. 1996, 4 pages.
Goddeau et al., “Galaxy: A Human-Language Interface to On-Line Travel Information”, International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Yokohama, 1994, pp. 707-710.
Goldberg et al., “Using Collaborative Filtering to Weave an Information Tapestry”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 35, No. 12, Dec. 1992, 10 pages.
Gong et al., “Guidelines for Handheld Mobile Device Interface Design”, Proceedings of DSI 2004 Annual Meeting, 2004, pp. 3751-3756.
Gorin et al., “On Adaptive Acquisition of Language”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'90), vol. 1, Apr. 1990, 5 pages.
Gotoh et al., “Document Space Models Using Latent Semantic Analysis”, In Proceedings of Eurospeech, 1997, 4 pages.
Gray, R. M., “Vector Quantization”, IEEE ASSP Magazine, Apr. 1984, 26 pages.
Green, C., “The Application of Theorem Proving to Question-Answering Systems”, SRI Stanford Research Institute, Artificial Intelligence Group, Jun. 1969, 169 pages.
Gregg et al., “DSS Access on the WWW: An Intelligent Agent Prototype”, Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems, Association for Information Systems, 1998, 3 pages.
Grishman et al., “Computational Linguistics: An Introduction”, Cambridge University Press, 1986, 172 pages.
Grosz et al., “Dialogic: A Core Natural-Language Processing System”, SRI International, Nov. 1982, 17 pages.
Grosz et al., “Research on Natural-Language Processing at SRI”, SRI International, Nov. 1981, 21 pages.
Grosz, B., “Team: A Transportable Natural-Language Interface System”, Proceedings of the First Conference on Applied Natural Language Processing, 1983, 7 pages.
Grosz et al., “TEAM: An Experiment in the Design of Transportable Natural-Language Interfaces”, Artificial Intelligence, vol. 32, 1987, 71 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “(Avoiding) The Travesty of the Commons”, Presentation at NPUC, New Paradigms for User Computing, IBM Almaden Research Center, Jul. 24, 2006, 52 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., “A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specifications”, Knowledge Acquisition, vol. 5, No. 2, Jun. 1993, pp. 199-220.
Gruber et al., “An Ontology for Engineering Mathematics”, Fourth International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Available online at <http://www-ksl.stanford.edu/knowledge-sharing/papers/engmath.html>, 1994, pp. 1-22.
Gruber, Thomas R., “Automated Knowledge Acquisition for Strategic Knowledge”, Machine Learning, vol. 4, 1989, pp. 293-336.
Gruber, Tom, “Big Think Small Screen: How Semantic Computing in the Cloud will Revolutionize the Consumer Experience on the Phone”, Keynote Presentation at Web 3.0 Conference, Jan. 2010, 41 pages.
Gruber et al., “Generative Design Rationale: Beyond the Record and Replay Paradigm”, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Technical Report KSL 92-59, Dec. 1991, Updated Feb. 1993, 24 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., “Interactive Acquisition of Justifications: Learning “Why” by Being Told “What””, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Technical Report KSL 9117, Original Oct. 1990, Revised Feb. 1991, 24 pages.
Gruber et al., “Machine-Generated Explanations of Engineering Models: A Compositional Modeling Approach”, Proceedings of International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1993, 7 pages.
Gruber et al., “NIKE: A National Infrastructure for Knowledge Exchange”, A Whitepaper Advocating and ATP Initiative on Technologies for Lifelong Learning, Oct. 1994, pp. 1-10.
Gruber et al., “Toward a Knowledge Medium for Collaborative Product Development”, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design, Jun. 1992, pp. 1-19.
Gruber, Thomas R., “Toward Principles for the Design of Ontologies used for Knowledge Sharing”, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol. 43, No. 5-6, Nov. 1995, pp. 907-928.
Gruber, Tom, “2021: Mass Collaboration and the Really New Economy”, TNTY Futures, vol. 1, No. 6, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/tnty2001.htm>, Aug. 2001, 5 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Collaborating Around Shared Content on the WWW, W3C Workshop on WWW and Collaboration”, available at <http://www.w3.org/Collaboration/Workshop/Proceedings/P9.html>, Sep. 1995, 1 page.
Gruber, Tom, “Collective Knowledge Systems: Where the Social Web Meets the Semantic Web”, Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, 2007, pp. 1-19.
Gruber, Tom, “Despite Our Best Efforts. Ontologies are not the Problem”, AAAI Spring Symposium, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/aaai-ss08.htm>, Mar. 2008, pp. 1-40.
Gruber, Tom, “Enterprise Collaboration Management with Intraspect”, Intraspect Technical White Paper, Jul. 2001, pp. 1-24.
Gruber, Tom, “Every Ontology is a Treaty—A Social Agreement-Among People with Some Common Motive in Sharing”, Official Quarterly Bulletin of AIS Special Interest Group on Semantic Web and Information Systems, vol. 1, No. 3, 2004, pp. 1-5.
Gruber, Tom, “Helping Organizations Collaborate, Communicate, and Learn”, Presentation to NASA Ames Research, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/organizational-intelligence-talk.htm>, Mar.-Oct. 2003, 30 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Intelligence at the Interface: Semantic Technology and the Consumer Internet Experience”, Presentation at Semantic Technologies Conference, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/semtech08.htm>, May 20, 2008, pp. 1-40.
Gruber, Tom, “It Is What It Does: The Pragmatics of Ontology for Knowledge Sharing”, Proceedings of the International CIDOC CRM Symposium, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/cidoc-ontology.htm>, Mar. 26, 2003. 21 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Ontologles, Web 2.0 and Beyond”, Ontology Summit, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/ontolog-social-web-keynote.htm>, Apr. 2007, 17 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Ontology of Folksonomy: A Mash-Up of Apples and Oranges”, Int'l Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems, vol. 3, No. 2, 2007, 7 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Siri, A Virtual Personal Assistant-Bringing Intelligence to the Interface”, Semantic Technologies Conference, Jun. 16, 2009, 21 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “TagOntology”, Presentation to Tag Camp, Oct. 29, 2005, 20 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Where the Social Web Meets the Semantic Web”, Presentation at the 5th International Semantic Web Conference, Nov. 2006, 38 pages.
Guida et al., “NLI: A Robust Interface for Natural Language Person-Machine Communication”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, vol. 17, 1982, 17 pages.
Guzzoni et al., A Unified Platform for Building Intelligent Web Interaction Assistants, Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, Computer Society, 2006, 4 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Active, A Platform for Building Intelligent Operating Rooms”, Surgetica 2007 Computer-Aided Medical Interventions: Tools and Applications, 2007, pp. 191-198.
Guzzoni et al., “Active, A platform for Building Intelligent Software”, Computational Intelligence, available at <http://www.informatik.uni-trier.del-ley/pers/hd/g/Guzzoni:Didier >, 2006, 5 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Active, A Tool for Building Intelligent User Interfaces”, ASC 2007, Palma de Mallorca, Aug. 2007, 6 pages.
Guzzoni, D., “Active: A Unified Platform for Building Intelligent Assistant Applications”, Oct. 25, 2007, 262 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Many Robots Make Short Work”, AAAI Robot Contest, SRI International, 1996, 9 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Modeling Human-Agent Interaction with Active Ontologies”, AAAI Spring Symposium, Interaction Challenges for Intelligent Assistants, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 2007, 8 pages.
Haas et al., “An Approach to Acquiring and Applying Knowledge”, SRI international, Nov. 1980, 22 pages.
Hadidi et al., “Student's Acceptance of Web-Based Course Offerings: An Empirical Assessment”, Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems(AMCIS), 1998, 4 pages.
Hardwar, Devindra, “Driving App Waze Builds its own Siri for Hands-Free Voice Control”, Available online at <http://venturebeat.com/2012/02/09/driving-app-waze-builds-its-own-siri-for-hands-free-voice-control/>, retrieved on Feb. 9, 2012, 4 pages.
Harris, F. J., “On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with the Discrete Fourier Transform”, In Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 66, No. 1, Jan. 1978, 34 pages.
Hawkins et al., “Hierarchical Temporal Memory: Concepts, Theory and Terminology”, Numenta, Inc., Mar. 27, 2007, 20 pages.
He et al., “Personal Security Agent: KQML-Based PKI”, The Robotics Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, Paper, 1997, 14 pages.
Helm et al., “Building Visual Language Parsers”, Proceedings of CHI'91, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1991, 8 pages.
Hendrix et al., “Developing a Natural Language Interface to Complex Data”, ACM Transactions on Database Systems, vol. 3, No. 2, Jun. 1978, pp. 105-147.
Hendrix, Gary G., “Human Engineering for Applied Natural Language Processing”, SRI International, Technical Note 139, Feb. 1977, 27 pages.
Hendrix, Gary G., “Klaus: A System for Managing Information and Computational Resources”, SRI International, Technical Note 230, Oct. 1980, 34 pages.
Hendrix, Gary G., “Lifer: A Natural Language Interface Facility”, SRI Stanford Research Institute, Technical Note 135, Dec. 1976. 9 pages.
Hendrix, Gary G., “Natural-Language Interface”, American Journal of Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, No. 2, Apr.-Jun. 1982, pp. 56-61.
Hendrix, Gary G., “The Lifer Manual: A Guide to Building Practical Natural Language Interfaces”, SRI International, Technical Note 138, Feb. 1977, 76 pages.
Hendrix et al., “Transportable Natural-Language Interfaces to Databases”, SRI International. Technical Note 228, Apr. 30, 1981, 18 pages.
Hermansky, H., “Perceptual Linear Predictive (PLP) Analysis of Speech”, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 87, No, 4, Apr. 1990, 15 pages.
Hermansky, H., “Recognition of Speech in Additive and Convolutional Noise Based on Rasta Spectral Processing”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'93), Apr. 1993, 4 pages.
Hirschman et al., “Multi-Site Data Collection and Evaluation in Spoken Language Understanding”, Proceedings of the Workshop on Human Language Technology, 1993, pp. 19-24.
Hobbs et al., “Fastus: A System for Extracting Information from Natural-Language Text”, SRI International, Technical Note 519, Nov. 19, 1992, 26 pages.
Hobbs et al., “Fastus: Extracting Information from Natural-Language Texts”, SRI International, 1992, pp. 1-22.
Hobbs, Jerry R., “Sublanguage and Knowledge”, SRI International, Technical Note 329, Jun. 1984, 30 pages.
Hodjat et al., “Iterative Statistical Language Model Generation for use with an Agent-Oriented Natural Language Interface”, Proceedings of HCI International, vol. 4, 2003, pp. 1422-1426.
Hoehfeld et al., “Learning with Limited Numerical Precision Using the Cascade-Correlation Algorithm”, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 3, No. 4, Jul. 1992, 18 pages.
Holmes, J. N., “Speech Synthesis and Recognition-Stochastic Models for Word Recognition”, Published by Chapman & Hall, London, ISBN 0 412 534304, 1998, 7 pages.
Hon et al., “CMU Robust Vocabulary-Independent Speech Recognition System”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP-91), Apr. 1991, 4 pages.
Horvitz et al., “Handsfree Decision Support: Toward a Non-invasive Human-Computer Interface”, Proceedings of the Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1995, p. 955.
Horvitz et al., “In Pursuit of Effective Handsfree Decision Support: Coupling Bayesian Inference, Speech Understanding, and User Models”, 1995, 8 pages.
Huang et al., “The SPHINX-II Speech Recognition System: An Overview”, Computer, Speech and Language, vol. 7, No. 2, 1993, 14 pages.
IBM, “Speech Editor”, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 29, No. 10, Mar. 10, 1987, 3 pages.
IBM, “Integrated Audio-Graphics User Interface”, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 33, No. 11, Apr. 1991, 4 pages.
IBM, “Speech Recognition with Hidden Markov Models of Speech Waveforms”, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 34, No. 1, Jun. 1991, 10 pages.
Intraspect Software, “The Intraspect Knowledge Management Solution: Technical Overview”, available at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/intraspect-whitepaper-1998.pdf>, 1998, 18 pages.
Iowegian International, “FIR Filter Properties, DSPGuru, Digital Signal Processing Central”, available at <http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faq/fir/properties> retrieved on Jul. 28, 2010, 6 pages.
Issar et al., “CMU's Robust Spoken Language Understanding System”, Proceedings of Eurospeech, 1993, 4 pages.
Issar, Sunil, “Estimation of Language Models for New Spoken Language Applications”, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Spoken language Processing, Oct. 1996, 4 pages.
Jacobs et al., “Scisor: Extracting Information from On-Line News”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 33, No. 11, Nov. 1990, 10 pages.
Janas, Jurgen M., “The Semantics-Based Natural Language Interface to Relational Databases”, Chapter 6, Cooperative Interfaces to Information Systems, 1986, pp. 143-188.
Jelinek, F., “Self-Organized Language Modeling for Speech Recognition”, Readings in Speech Recognition, Edited by Alex Waibel and Kai-Fu Lee, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc,, ISBN: 1-55860-124-4, 1990, 63 pages.
Jennings et al., “A Personal News Service Based on a User Model Neural Network”, IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, vol. E75-D, No. 2, Mar. 1992, 12 pages.
Ji et al., “A Method for Chinese Syllables Recognition Based upon Sub-syllable Hidden Markov Model”, 1994 International Symposium on Speech, Image Processing and Neural Networks, Hong Kong, Apr. 1994, 4 pages.
Johnson, Julia Ann., “A Data Management Strategy for Transportable Natural Language Interfaces”, Doctoral Thesis Submitted to the Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Canada, Jun. 1989, 285 pages.
Jones, J., “Speech Recognition for Cyclone”, Apple Computer, Inc., E.R.S. Revision 2.9, Sep. 10, 1992, 93 pages.
Julia et al., “http://www.speech.sri.com/demos/atis.html”, Proceedings of AAAI, Spring Symposium, 1997, 5 pages.
Julia et al., “Un Editeur Interactif De Tableaux Dessines a Main Levee (An Interactive Editor for Hand-Sketched Tables)”, Traitement du Signal, vol. 12. No. 6, 1995, pp. 619-626.
Kahn et al., “CoABS Grid Scalability Experiments”, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, vol. 7, 2003, pp. 171-178.
Kamel et al., “A Graph Based Knowledge Retrieval System”, IEEE international Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1990, pp. 269-275.
Karp, P. D., “A Generic Knowledge-Base Access Protocol”, Available online at <http://lecture.cs.buu.ac.th/450353/Document/gfp.pdf>, May 12, 1994, 66 pages.
Katz, Boris, “A Three-Step Procedure for Language Generation”, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, A.I. Memo No. 599, Dec. 1980, pp. 1-40.
Katz, Boris, “Annotating the World Wide Web Using Natural Language”, Proceedings of the 5th RIAO Conference on Computer Assisted Information Searching on the Internet, 1997, 7 pages.
Katz, S. M., “Estimation of Probabilities from Sparse Data for the Language Model Component of a Speech Recognizer”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-35, No. 3, Mar. 1987, 3 pages.
Katz et al., “Exploiting Lexical Regularities in Designing Natural Language Systems”, Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1988, pp. 1-22.
Katz et al., “REXTOR: A System for Generating Relations from Natural Language”, Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval (NLP&IR), Oct. 2000, 11 pages.
Katz, Boris, “Using English for Indexing and Retrieving”, Proceedings of the 1st RIAO Conference on User-Oriented Content-Based Text and Image Handling, 1988, pp. 314-332.
Kitano, H., “PhiDM-Dialog, An Experimental Speech-to-Speech Dialog Translation System”, Computer, vol. 24, No. 6, Jun. 1991, 13 pages.
Klabbers et al., “Reducing Audible Spectral Discontinuities”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 9, No. 1, Jan. 2001, 13 pages.
Klatt et al., “Linguistic Uses of Segmental Duration in English: Acoustic and Perpetual Evidence”, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 59, No. 5, May 1976, 16 pages.
Knownav, “Knowledge Navigator”, YouTube Video available at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRH8eimU_20>, Apr. 29, 2008, 1 page.
Kominek et al., “Impact of Durational Outlier Removal from Unit Selection Catalogs”, 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop, Jun. 14-16, 2004, 6 pages.
Konolige, Kurt, “A Framework for a Portable Natural-Language Interface to Large Data Bases”, SRI International, Technical Note 197, Oct. 12, 1979, 54 pages.
Kubala et al., “Speaker Adaptation from a Speaker-Independent Training Corpus”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'90), Apr. 1990, 4 pages.
Kubala et al., “The Hub and Spoke Paradigm for CSR Evaluation”, Proceedings of the Spoken Language Technology Workshop, Mar. 1994, 9 pages.
Laird et al., “SOAR: An Architecture for General Intelligence”, Artificial Intelligence, vol. 33, 1987, pp. 1-64.
Langley et al., “A Design for the ICARUS Architechture”, SIGART Bulletin. vol. 2, No. 4, 1991. pp. 104-109.
Larks, “Intelligent Software Agents”, available at <http://www.cs.cmu.edu/˜softagents/larks.html> retrieved on Mar. 15, 2013, 2 pages.
Lee et al., “A Real-Time Mandarin Dictation Machine for Chinese Language with Unlimited Texts and Very Large Vocabulary”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 1, Apr. 1990, 5 pages.
Lee et al., “Golden Mandarin (II)—An Improved Single-Chip Real-Time Mandarin Dictation Machine for Chinese Language with Very Large Vocabulary”, IEEE International Conference of Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 2, 1993, 4 pages.
Lee et al., “Golden Mandarin (II)—An Intelligent Mandarin Dictation Machine for Chinese Character Input with Adaptation/Learning Functions”, International Symposium on Speech, Image Processing and Neural Networks, Hong Kong, Apr. 1994, 5 pages.
Lee, K. F., “Large-Vocabulary Speaker-Independent Continuous Speech Recognition: The Sphinx System”, Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctorof Philosophy, Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Apr. 1988, 195 pages.
Lee et al., “System Description of Golden Mandarin (I) Voice Input for Unlimited Chinese Characters”, International Conference on Computer Processing of Chinese & Oriental Languages, vol. 5, No. 3 & 4, Nov. 1991, 16 pages.
Lemon et al., “Multithreaded Context for Robust Conversational Interfaces: Context- Sensitive Speech Recognition and Interpretation of Corrective Fragments”, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol. 11, No. 3, Sep. 2004, pp. 241-267.
Leong et al., “CASIS: A Context-Aware Speech Interface System”, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, Jan. 2005, pp. 231-238.
Lieberman et al., “Out of Context: Computer Systems that Adapt to, and Learn from, Context”, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 39, No. 3 & 4, 2000, pp. 617-632.
Lin et al., “A Distributed Architecture for Cooperative Spoken Dialogue Agents with Coherent Dialogue State and History”, Available on line at <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.42.272>, 1999, 4 pages.
Lin et al., “A New Framework for Recognition of Mandarin Syllables with Tones Using Sub-syllabic Unites”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP-93), Apr. 1993, 4 pages.
Linde et al., “An Algorithm for Vector Quantizer Design”, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 28, No. 1, Jan. 1980, 12 pages.
Liu et al., “Efficient Joint Compensation of Speech for the Effects of Additive Noise and Linear Filtering”, IEEE International Conference of Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP-92, Mar. 1992, 4 pages.
Logan et al., “Mel Frequency Cepstral Co-efficients for Music Modeling”, International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval, 2000, 2 pages.
Lowerre, B. T., “The-Harpy Speech Recognition System”, Doctoral Dissertation, Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Apr. 1976, 20 pages.
Maghbouleh, Arman, “An Empirical Comparison of Automatic Decision Tree and Linear Regression Models for Vowel Durations”, Revised Version of a Paper Presented at the Computational Phonology in Speech Technology Workshop, 1996 Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics in Santa Cruz, California, 7 pages.
Markel et al., “Linear Prediction of Speech”, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1976, 12 pages.
Martin et al., “Building and Using Practical Agent Applications”, SRI International, PAAM Tutorial, 1998, 78 pages.
Martin et al., “Building Distributed Software Systems with the Open Agent Architecture”, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology, Mar. 1998, pp. 355-376.
Martin et al., “Development Tools for the Open Agent Architecture”, Proceedings of the International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology, Apr. 1996, pp. 1-17.
Martin et al., “Information Brokering in an Agent Architecture”, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology, Apr. 1997, pp. 1-20.
Martin et al., “Transportability and Generality in a Natural-Language Interface System”, Proceedings of the Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Technical Note 293, Aug. 1983, 21 pages.
Martin et al., “The Open Agent Architecture: A Framework for Building Distributed Software Systems”, Applied Artificial Intelligence: An International Journal, vol. 13, No. 1-2, available at <http://adam.cheyer.com/papers/oaa.pdf> >, retrieved from Internet on Jan.-Mar. 1999.
Matiasek et al., “Tamic-P: A System for NL Access to Social Insurance Database”, 4th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, Jun. 1999, 7 pages.
McGuire et al., “SHADE: Technology for Knowledge-Based Collaborative Engineering”, Journal of Concurrent Engineering Applications and Research (CERA), 1993, 18 pages.
Meng et al., “Wheels: A Conversational System in the Automobile Classified Domain”, Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Spoken Language, ICSLP 96, vol. 1, Oct. 1996, 4 pages.
Michos et al., “Towards an Adaptive Natural Language Interface to Command Languages”, Natural Language Engineering, vol. 2, No. 3, 1996, pp. 191-209.
Milstead et al., “Metadata: Cataloging by Any Other Name”, available at <http://www.iicm.tugraz.at/thesis/cguetl_diss/literatur/Kapitel06/References/Milstead_et_al._1999/metadata.html>, Jan. 1999, 18 pages.
Milward et al., “D2.2: Dynamic Multimodal Interface Reconfiguration, Talk and Look: Tools for Ambient Linguistic Knowledge”, available at <http://www.ihmc.us/users/nblaylock!Pubs/Files/talk d2.2.pdf>, Aug. 8, 2006, 69 pages.
Minker et al., “Hidden Understanding Models for Machine Translation”, Proceedings of ETRW on Interactive Dialogue in Multi-Modal Systems, Jun. 1999, pp. 1-4.
Mitra et al., “A Graph-Oriented Model for Articulation of Ontology Interdependencies”, Advances in Database Technology, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1777, 2000, pp. 1-15.
Modi et al., “CMRadar: A Personal Assistant Agent for Calendar Management”, AAAI, Intelligent Systems Demonstrations, 2004, pp. 1020-1021.
Moore et al., “Combining Linguistic and Statistical Knowledge Sources in Natural- Language Processing for ATIS”, SRI International, Artificial Intelligence Center, 1995, 4 pages.
Moore, Robert C., “Handling Complex Queries in a Distributed Data Base”, SRI International, Technical Note 170, Oct. 8, 1979, 38 pages.
Moore, Robert C., “Practical Natural-Language Processing by Computer”, SRI International, Technical Note 251, Oct. 1981, 34 pages.
Moore et al., “SRI's Experience with the ATIS Evaluation”, Proceedings of the Workshop on Speech and Natural Language, Jun. 1990, pp. 147-148.
Moore et al., “The Information Warfare Advisor: An Architecture for Interacting with Intelligent Agents Across the Web”, Proceedings of Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Dec. 31, 1998, pp. 186-188.
Moore, Robert C., “The Role of Logic in Knowledge Representation and Commonsense Reasoning”, SRI International, Technical Note 264. Jun. 1982, 19 pages.
Moore, Robert C., “Using Natural-Language Knowledge Sources in Speech Recognition”, SRI International, Artificial Intelligence Center, Jan. 1999, pp. 1-24.
Moran et al., “Intelligent Agent-Based User Interfaces”, Proceedings of International Workshop on Human Interface Technology, Oct. 1995, pp. 1-4.
Moran et al., “Multimodal User Interfaces in the Open Agent Architecture”, International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI97), 1997, 8 pages.
Moran, Douglas B., “Quantifier Scoping in the SRI Core Language Engine”, Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, 1988, pp. 33-40.
Morgan, B., “Business Objects (Business Objects for Windows) Business Objects Inc.”, DBMS, vol. 5, No. 10, Sep. 1992, 3 pages.
Motro, Amihai, “Flex: A Tolerant and Cooperative User Interface to Databases”, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 2, No. 2, Jun. 1990, pp. 231-246.
Mountford et al., “Talking and Listening to Computers”, The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design, Apple Computer, Inc., Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1990, 17 pages.
Mozer, Michael C., “An Intelligent Environment must be Adaptive”, IEEE Intelligent Systems, 1999, pp. 11-13.
Murty et al., “Combining Evidence from Residual Phase and MFCC Features for Speaker Recognition”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 13, No. 1, Jan. 2006, 4 pages.
Murveit et al., “Integrating Natural Language Constraints into HMM-Based Speech Recognition”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Apr. 1990, 5 pages.
Murveit et al., “Speech Recognition in SRI's Resource Management and ATIS Systems”, Proceedings of the Workshop on Speech and Natural Language, 1991, pp. 94-100.
Nakagawa et al., “Speaker Recognition by Combining MFCC and Phase Information”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Mar. 2010, 4 pages.
Naone, Erica, “TR10: Intelligent Software Assistant”, Technology Review, Mar.-Apr. 2009, 2 pages.
Neches et al., “Enabling Technology for Knowledge Sharing”, Fall, 1991, pp. 37-56.
Niesler et al., “A Variable-Length Category-Based N-Gram Language Model”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'96), vol. 1, May 1996, 6 pages.
Noth et al., “Verbmobil: The Use of Prosody in the Linguistic Components of a Speech Understanding System”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 8, No. 5, Sep. 2000, pp. 519-532.
Odubiyi et al., “SAIRE—A Scalable Agent-Based Information Retrieval Engine”, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents, 1997, 12 pages.
Owei et al., “Natural Language Query Filtration in the Conceptual Query Language”, IEEE, 1997, pp. 539-549.
Pannu et al., “A Learning Personal Agent for Text Filtering and Notification”, Proceedings of the International Conference of Knowledge Based Systems, 1996, pp. 1-11.
Papadimitriou et al., “Latent Semantic Indexing: A Probabilistic Analysis”, Available online at <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/messaqes/downloadsexceeded.html>, Nov. 14, 1997, 21 pages.
Parson, T. W., “Voice and Speech Processing”, Pitch and Formant Estimation, McGraw-Hill, Inc., ISBN: 0-07-0485541-0, 1987, 15 pages.
Parsons, T. W., “Voice and Speech Processing”, Linguistics and Technical Fundamentals, Articulatory Phonetics and Phonemics, McGraw-Hill, Inc., ISBN: 007-0485541-0, 1987, 5 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1993/012637, dated Apr. 10, 1995, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1993/012666, dated Mar. 1, 1995, 5 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1993/012666, dated Nov. 9, 1994, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1994/011011, dated Feb. 28, 1996, 4 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1994/11011, dated Feb. 8, 1995, 7 pages.
Shimazu et al., “CAPIT: Natural Language Interface Design Tool with Keyword Analyzer and Case-Based Parser”, NEG Research & Development, vol. 33, No. 4, Oct. 1992, 11 pages.
Shinkle, L., “Team User's Guide”, SRI International, Artificial Intelligence Center, Nov. 1984, 78 pages.
Shklar et al., “InfoHarness: Use of Automatically Generated Metadata for Search and Retrieval of Heterogeneous Information”, Proceedings of CAiSE'95, Finland, 1995, 14 pages.
Sigurdsson et al., “Mel Frequency Cepstral Co-efficients: An Evaluation of Robustness of MP3 Encoded Music”, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval, 2006, 4 pages.
Silverman et al., “Using a Sigmoid Transformation for Improved Modeling of Phoneme Duration”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Mar. 1999, 5 pages.
Simonite, Tom, “One Easy Way to Make Siri Smarter”, Technology Review, Oct. 18, 2011, 2 pages.
Singh, N., “Unifying Heterogeneous Information Models”, Communications of the ACM, 1998, 13 pages.
SRI International, “The Open Agent Architecture TM 1.0 Distribution”, Open Agent Architecture (OAA), 1999, 2 pages.
Starr et al., “Knowledge-Intensive Query Processing”, Proceedings of the 5th KRDB Workshop, Seattle, May 31, 1998, 6 pages.
Stent et al., “The CommandTalk Spoken Dialogue System”, SRI International, 1999, pp. 183-190.
Stern et al., “Multiple Approaches to Robust Speech Recognition”, Proceedings of Speech and Natural Language Workshop, 1992, 6 pages.
Stickel, Mark E., “A Nonclausal Connection-Graph Resolution Theorem-Proving Program”, Proceedings of AAAI'82, 1982, 5 pages.
Sugumaran, V., “A Distributed Intelligent Agent-Based Spatial Decision Support System”, Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information systems (AMCIS), Dec. 31, 1998, 4 pages.
Sycara et al., “Coordination of Multiple Intelligent Software Agents”, International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems (IJCIS), vol. 5, No. 2 & 3, 1996, 31 pages.
Sycara et al., “Distributed Intelligent Agents”, IEEE Expert, vol. 11, No. 6, Dec. 1996, 32 pages.
Sycara et al., “Dynamic Service Matchmaking among Agents in Open Information Environments”, SIGMOD Record, 1999, 7 pages.
Sycara et al., “The RETSINA MAS Infrastructure”, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, vol. 7, 2003, 20 pages.
Tenenbaum et al., “Data Structure Using Pascal”, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1981, 34 pages.
Textndrive, “Text'nDrive App Demo-Listen and Reply to your Messages by Voice while Driving!”, YouTube Video available at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaGfzoHsAMw>, Apr. 27, 2010, 1 page.
Tofel, Kevin C., “SpeakTolt: A Personal Assistant for Older iPhones, iPads”, Apple News, Tips and Reviews, Feb. 9, 2012, 7 pages.
Tsai et al., “Attributed Grammar-A Tool for Combining Syntactic and Statistical Approaches to Pattern Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, vol. SMC-10, No. 12, Dec. 1980, 13 pages.
Tucker, Joshua, “Too Lazy to Grab Your TV Remote? Use Siri Instead”, Engadget, Nov. 30, 2011, 8 pages.
Tur et al., “The CALO Meeting Assistant System”, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 18, No. 6, Aug. 2010, pp. 1601-1611.
Tur et al., “The CALO Meeting Speech Recognition and Understanding System”, Proc. IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop, 2008, 4 pages.
Tyson et al., “Domain-Independent Task Specification in the Tacitus Natural Language System”, Siri International, Artificial Intelligence Center, May 1990, 16 pages.
Udell, J., “Computer Telephony”, BYTE, vol. 19, No. 7, Jul. 1994, 9 pages.
Van Santen, J. P.H., “Contextual Effects on Vowel Duration”, Journal Speech Communication, vol. 11, No. 6, Dec. 1992, pp. 513-546.
Vepa et al., “New Objective Distance Measures for Spectral Discontinuities in Concatenative Speech Synthesis”, Proceedings of the IEEE 2002 Workshop on Speech Synthesis, 2002, 4 pages.
Verschelde, Jan, “MATLAB Lecture 8. Special Matrices in MATLAB”, UIC, Dept. of Math, Stat. & CS, MCS 320, Introduction to Symbolic Computation, 2007, 4 pages.
Vingron, Martin, “Near-Optimal Sequence Alignment”, Current Opinion in Structural Biology, vol. 6, No. 3, 1996, pp. 346-352.
Vlingo, “Vlingo Launches Voice Enablement Application on Apple App Store”, Press Release, Dec. 3, 2008, 2 pages.
Vlingo Incar, “Distracted Driving Solution with Vlingo InCar”, YouTube Video, Available online at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vqs8XfXxgz4>, Oct. 2010, 2 pages.
Voiceassist, “Send Text, Listen to and Send E-Mail by Voice”, YouTube Video, Available online at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tEU61nHHA4>, Jul. 30, 2009, 1 page.
Voiceonthego, “Voice on the Go (BlackBerry)”, YouTube Video, available online at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJqpWgQS98w>, Jul. 27, 2009, 1 page.
Wahlster et al., “Smartkom: Multimodal Communication with a Life-Like Character”, Eurospeech-Scandinavia, 7th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, 2001, 5 pages.
Waldinger et al., “Deductive Question Answering from Multiple Resources”, New Directions in Question Answering, Published by AAAI, Menlo Park, 2003, 22 pages.
Walker et al., “Natural Language Access to Medical Text”, SRI International, Artificial Intelligence Center, Mar. 1981, 23 pages.
Waltz, D., “An English Language Question Answering System for a Large Relational Database”, ACM, vol. 21, No. 7, 1978, 14 pages.
Ward et al., “A Class Based Language Model for Speech Recognition”, IEEE, 1996, 3 pages.
Ward et al., “Recent Improvements in the CMU Spoken Language Understanding System”, ARPA Human Language Technology Workshop, 1994, 4 pages.
Ward, Wayne, “The CMU Air Travel Information Service: Understanding Spontaneous Speech”, Proceedings of the Workshop on Speech and Natural Language, HLT '90, 1990, pp. 127-129.
Warren et al., “An Efficient Easily Adaptable System for Interpreting Natural Language Queries”, American Journal of Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, No. 34, 1982, 11 pages.
Weizenbaum, J., “ELIZA—A Computer Program for the Study of Natural Language Communication Between Man and Machine”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 9, No. 1, Jan. 1966, 10 pages.
Werner et al., “Prosodic Aspects of Speech, Universite de Lausanne”, Fundamentals of Speech Synthesis and Speech Recognition: Basic Concepts, State of the Art and Future Challenges, 1994, 18 pages.
Winiwarter et al., “Adaptive Natural Language Interfaces to FAQ Knowledge Bases”, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, Austria, Jun. 1999, 22 pages.
Wolff, M., “Post Structuralism and the ARTFUL Database: Some Theoretical Considerations”, Information Technology and Libraries, vol. 13, No. 1, Mar. 1994, 10 pages.
Wu, M., “Digital Speech Processing and Coding”, Multimedia Signal Processing, Lecture-2 Course Presentation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2003, 8 pages.
Wu et al., “KDA: A Knowledge-Based Database Assistant”, Proceeding of the Fifth International Conference on Engineering (IEEE Cat.No. 89CH2695-5), 1989, 8 pages.
Wu, M., “Speech Recognition, Synthesis, and H.C.I.”, Multimedia Signal Processing, Lecture-3 Course Presentation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2003, 11 pages.
Wyle, M. F., “A Wide Area Network Information Filter”, Proceedings of First International Conference on Artificial Intelligence on Wall Street, Oct. 1991, 6 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1995/008369, dated Oct. 9, 1996, 4 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1995/008369, dated Nov. 8, 1995, 6 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2010/037378, dated Aug. 25, 2010, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020861, dated Nov. 29, 2011, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040571, dated Nov. 16, 2012, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/056382, dated Dec. 20, 2012, 11 pages.
Pereira, Fernando, “Logic for Natural Language Analysis”, SRI International, Technical Note 275, Jan. 1983, 194 pages.
Perrault et al., “Natural-Language Interfaces”, SRI International, Technical Note 393, Aug. 22, 1986, 48 pages.
Phoenix Solutions, Inc., “Declaration of Christopher Schmandt Regarding the Mit Galaxy System”, West Interactive Corp., A Delaware Corporation, Document 40, Jul. 2, 2010, 162 pages.
Picone, J., “Continuous Speech Recognition using Hidden Markov Models”, IEEE ASSP Magazine, vol. 7, No. 3, Jul. 1990, 16 pages.
Pulman et al., “Clare: A Combined Language and Reasoning Engine”, Proceedings of JFIT Conference, available at <http://www.cam.siri.com/tr/crc042/paper.ps.Z>, 1993, 8 pages.
Rabiner et al., “Fundamental of Speech Recognition”, AT&T, Published by Prentice-Hall, Inc., ISBN: 0-13-285826-6, 1993, 17 pages.
Rabiner et al., “Note on the Properties of a Vector Quantizer for LPC Coefficients”, Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 62, No. 8, Oct. 1983, 9 pages.
Ratcliffe, M., “ClearAccess 2.0 Allows SQL Searches Off-Line (Structured Query Language) (ClearAccess Corp. Preparing New Version of Data-Access Application with Simplified User Interface, New Features) (Product Announcement)”, MacWeek, vol. 6, No. 41, Nov. 16, 1992, 2 pages.
Ravishankar, Mosur K., “Efficient Algorithms for Speech Recognition”, Doctoral Thesis Submitted to School of Computer Science, Computer Science Division, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, May 15, 1996, 146 pages.
Rayner, M., “Abductive Equivalential Translation and its Application to Natural Language Database Interfacing”, Dissertation Paper, Siri International, Sep. 1993, 162 pages.
Rayner et al., “Adapting the Core Language Engine to French and Spanish”, Cornell University Library, available at <http:I/arxiv.org/abs/cmp-Ig/9605015>, May 10, 1996, 9 pages.
Rayner et al., “Deriving Database Queries from Logical Forms by Abductive Definition Expansion”, Proceedings of the Third Conference on Applied Natural Language Processing, ANLC, 1992, 8 pages.
Rayner, Manny, “Linguistic Domain Theories: Natural-Language Database Interfacing from First Principles”, SRI International, Cambridge, 1993, 11 pages.
Rayner et al., “Spoken Language Translation with Mid-90's Technology: A Case Study”, Eurospeech, ISCA, Available online at <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.54.8608>, 1993, 4 pages.
Remde et al., “SuperBook: An Automatic Tool for Information Exploration-Hypertext?”, In Proceedings of Hypertext, 87 Papers, Nov. 1987, 14 pages.
Reynolds, C. F., “On-Line Reviews: A New Application of the HICOM Conferencing System”, IEEE Colloquium on Human Factors in Electronic Mail and Conferencing Systems, Feb. 3, 1989, 4 pages.
Rice et al., “Monthly Program: Nov. 14, 1995”, The San Francisco Bay Area Chapter of ACM SIGCHI, available at <http://www.baychi.org/calendar/19951114>, Nov. 14, 1995, 2 pages.
Rice et al., “Using the Web Instead of a Window System”, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI'96, 1996, pp. 1-14.
Rigoll, G., “Speaker Adaptation for Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition Systems Using Speaker Markov Models”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'89), May 1989, 4 pages.
Riley, M D., “Tree-Based Modelling of Segmental Durations”, Talking Machines Theories, Models and Designs, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., North-Holland, ISBN: 08-444- 89115.3, 1992, 15 pages.
Rivlin et al., “Maestro: Conductor of Multimedia Analysis Technologies”, SRI International, 1999, 7 pages.
Rivoira et al., “Syntax and Semantics in a Word-Sequence Recognition System”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'79), Apr. 1979, 5 pages.
Roddy et al., “Communication and Collaboration in a Landscape of B2B eMarketplaces”, VerticalNet Solutions, White Paper, Jun. 15, 2000, 23 pages.
Rosenfeld, R., “A Maximum Entropy Approach to Adaptive Statistical Language Modelling”, Computer Speech and Language, vol. 10, No, 3, Jul. 1996, 25 pages.
Roszkiewicz, A., “Extending your Apple”, Back Talk-Lip Service, A+ Magazine, The Independent Guide for Apple Computing, vol. 2, No. 2, Feb. 1984, 5 pages.
Rudnicky et al., “Creating Natural Dialogs in the Carnegie Mellon Communicator System”, Proceedings of Eurospeech, vol. 4, 1999, pp. 1531-1534.
Russell et al., “Artificial Intelligence, A Modern Approach”, Prentice Hall, Inc., 1995, 121 pages.
Sacerdoti et al., “A Ladder User's Guide (Revised)”, SRI International Artificial Intelligence Center, Mar. 1980, 39 pages.
Sagalowicz, D., “AD-Ladder User's Guide”, SRI International, Sep. 1980, 42 pages.
Sakoe et al., “Dynamic Programming Algorithm Optimization for Spoken Word Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-26, No. 1, Feb. 1978, 8 pages.
Salton et al., “On the Application of Syntactic Methodologies in Automatic Text Analysis”, Information Processing and Management, vol. 26, No. 1, Great Britain, 1990, 22 pages.
Sameshima et al., “Authorization with Security Attributes and Privilege Delegation Access control beyond the ACL”, Computer Communications, vol. 20, 1997, 9 pages.
San-Segundo et al., “Confidence Measures for Dialogue Management in the CU Communicator System”, Proceedings of Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'00), Jun. 2000, 4 pages.
Sato, H., “A Data Model, Knowledge Base and Natural Language Processing for Sharing a Large Statistical Database”, Statistical and Scientific Database Management, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 339, 1989, 20 pages.
Savoy, J., “Searching Information in Hypertext Systems Using Multiple Sources of Evidence”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, vol. 38, No. 6, Jun. 1996, 15 pages.
Scagliola, C., “Language Models and Search Algorithms for Real-Time Speech Recognition”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, vol. 22, No. 5, 1985, 25 pages.
Schmandt et al., “Augmenting a Window System with Speech Input”, IEEE Computer Society, Computer, vol. 23, No. 8, Aug. 1990, 8 pages.
Schnelle, Dirk, “Context Aware Voice User Interfaces for Workflow Support”, Dissertation paper, Aug. 27, 2007, 254 pages.
Schütze, H., “Dimensions of Meaning”, Proceedings of Supercomputing'92 Conference, Nov. 1992, 10 pages.
Seneff et al., “A New Restaurant Guide Conversational System: Issues in Rapid Prototyping for Specialized Domains”, Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Spoken Language, vol. 2, 1996, 4 pages.
Sharoff et al., “Register-Domain Separation as a Methodology for Development of Natural Language Interfaces to Databases”, Proceedings of Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT'99), 1999, 7 pages.
Sheth et al., “Evolving Agents for Personalized Information Filtering”, Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications, Mar. 1993, 9 pages.
Sheth et al., “Relationships at the Heart of Semantic Web: Modeling, Discovering, and Exploiting Complex Semantic Relationships”, Enhancing the Power of the Internet: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Oct. 13, 2002, pp. 1-38.
Shikano et al., “Speaker Adaptation through Vector Quantization”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'86), vol. 11, Apr. 1986, 4 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “iTunes 2: Specification Sheet”, 2001, 2 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “iTunes, Playlist Related Help Screens”, iTunes v1.0, 2000-2001, 8 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “QuickTime Movie Playback Programming Guide”, Aug. 11, 2005, pp. 1-58.
Apple Computer, Inc., “QuickTime Overview”, Aug. 11, 2005, pp. 1-34.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Welcome to Tiger”, available at <http://www.maths.dundee.ac.uk/software/Welcome_to_Mac_OS_X_v10.4_Tiger.pdf>, 2005, pp. 1-32.
“Corporate Ladder”, BLOC Publishing Corporation, 1991, 1 page.
Arango et al., “Touring Machine: A Software Platform for Distributed Multimedia Applications”, 1992 IFIP International Conference on Upper Layer Protocols, Architectures, and Applications, May 1992, pp. 1-11.
Arons, Barry M., “The Audio-Graphical Interface to a Personal Integrated Telecommunications System”, Thesis Submitted to the Department of Architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Jun. 1984, 88 pages.
Badino et al., “Language Independent Phoneme Mapping for Foreign TTS”, 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop, Pittsburgh, PA, Jun. 14-16, 2004, 2 pages.
Baechtle et al., “Adjustable Audio Indicator”, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Jul. 1, 1984, 2 pages.
Baeza-Yates, Ricardo, “Visualization of Large Answers in Text Databases”, AVI '96 Proceedings of the Workshop on Advanced Visual Interfaces, 1996, pp. 101-107.
Bahl et al., “Recognition of a Continuously Read Natural Corpus”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 3, Apr. 1978, pp. 422-424.
Bajarin, Tim, “With Low End Launched, Apple Turns to Portable Future”, PC Week, vol. 7, Oct. 1990, p. 153(1).
Barthel, B., “Information Access for Visually Impaired Persons: Do We Still Keep a “Document” in “Documentation”?”, Professional Communication Conference, Sep. 1995, pp. 62-66.
Baudel et al., “2 Techniques for Improved HC Interaction: Toolglass & Magic Lenses: The See-Through Interface”, Apple Inc., Video Clip, CHI'94 Video Program on a CD, 1994.
Beck et al., “Integrating Natural Language, Query Processing, and Semantic Data Models”, COMCON Spring '90. IEEE Computer Society International Conference, 1990, Feb. 26-Mar. 2, 1990, pp. 538-543.
Bederson et al., “Pad++: A Zooming Graphical Interface for Exploring Alternate Interface Physics”, UIST' 94 Proceedings of the 7th Annual ACM symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Nov. 1994, pp. 17-26.
Bederson et al., “The Craft of Information Visualization”, Elsevier Science, Inc., 2003, 435 pages.
“Diagrammaker”, Action Software, 1989.
“Diagram-Master”, Ashton-Tate, 1989.
Benel et al., “Optimal Size and Spacing of Touchscreen Input Areas”, Human-Computer Interaction—INTERACT, 1987, pp. 581-585.
Beringer et al., “Operator Behavioral Biases Using High-Resolution Touch Input Devices”, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 33rd Annual Meeting, 1989, 3 pages.
Beringer, Dennis B., “Target Size, Location, Sampling Point and Instruction Set: More Effects on Touch Panel Operation”, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 34th Annual Meeting, 1990, 5 pages.
Bernabei et al., “Graphical I/O Devices for Medical Users”, 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE on Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, vol. 3, 1992, pp. 834-836.
Bernstein, Macrophone, “Speech Corpus”, IEEE/ICASSP, Apr. 22, 1994, pp. 1-81 to 1-84.
Berry et al., “Symantec”, New version of MORE.TM, Apr. 10, 1990, 1 page.
Best Buy, “When it Comes to Selecting a Projection TV, Toshiba Makes Everything Perfectly Clear”, Previews of New Releases, available at <http://www.bestbuy.com/HomeAudioVideo/Specials/ToshibaTVFeatures.asp>, retrieved on Jan. 23, 2003, 5 pages.
Betts et al., “Goals and Objectives for User Interface Software”, Computer Graphics, vol. 21, No. 2, Apr. 1987, pp. 73-78.
Biemann, Chris, “Unsupervised Part-of-Speech Tagging Employing Efficient Graph Clustering”, Proceeding COLING ACL '06 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on computational Linguistics and 44th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop, 2006, pp. 7-12.
Bier et al., “Toolglass and Magic Lenses: The See-Through Interface”, Computer Graphics (Siggraph '93 Proceedings), vol. 27, 1993, pp. 73-80.
Birrell, Andrew, “Personal Jukebox (PJB)” available at <http://birrell.org/andrew/talks/pjb-overview.ppt>, Oct. 13, 2000, 6 pages.
Black et al., “Multilingual Text-to-Speech Synthesis”, Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'04) Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference, vol. 3, May 17-21, 2004, 4 pages.
Bleher et al., “A Graphic Interactive Application Monitor”, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 19, No. 3, Sep. 1980, pp. 382-402.
Bluetooth PC Headsets, “‘Connecting’ Your Bluetooth Headset with Your Computer”, Enjoy Wireless VoIP Conversations, available at <http://www.bluetoothpcheadsets.com/connect.htm>, retrieved on Apr. 29, 2006, 4 pages.
Bocchieri et al., “Use of Geographical Meta-Data in ASR Language and Acoustic Models”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2010, pp. 5118-5121.
Bociurkiw, Michael, “Product Guide: Vanessa Matz”, available at <http://vvww.forbes.com/asap/2000/1127/vmartz_print.html>, retrieved on Jan. 23, 2003, 2 pages.
“Glossary of Adaptive Technologies: Word Prediction”, available at <http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/reference/techwordpred.html>, retrieved on Dec. 6, 2005, 5 pages.
Borenstein, Nathaniel S., “Cooperative Work in the Andrew Message System”, Information Technology Center and Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University; Thyberg, Chris A. Academic Computing, Carnegie Mellon University, 1988, pp. 306-323.
Boy, Guy A., “Intelligent Assistant Systems”, Harcourt Brace Jovanovicy, 1991, 1 page.
“iAP Sports Lingo 0x09 Protocol V1.00”, May 1, 2006, 17 pages.
Brown et al., “Browing Graphs Using a Fisheye View”, Apple Inc., Video Clip, Systems Research Center, CHI '92 Continued Proceedings on a CD, 1992.
Brown et al., “Browsing Graphs Using a Fisheye View”, CHI '93 Proceedings of the Interact '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1993, p. 516.
Burger, D., “Improved Access to Computers for the Visually Handicapped: New Prospects and Principles”, IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 2, No. 3, Sep. 1994, pp. 111-118.
“IEEE 1394 (Redirected from Firewire”, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, available at <http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewire>, retrieved on Jun. 8, 2003, 2 pages.
Butler, Travis, “Arches Jukebox 6000 Challenges Nomad Jukebox”, available at <http://tidbits.com/article/6521>, Aug. 13, 2001, 5 pages.
Butler, Travis, “Portable MP3: The Nomad Jukebox”, available at <http://tidbits.com/article/6261>, Jan. 8, 2001, 4 pages.
Buxton et al., “EuroPARC's Integrated Interactive Intermedia Facility (IIIF): Early Experiences”, Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 Conference on Multi-User Interfaces and Applications, 1990, pp. 11-34.
Call Centre, “Word Prediction”, The CALL Centre & Scottish Executive Education Dept., 1999, pp. 63-73.
Campbell et al., “An Expandable Error-Protected 4800 BPS CELP Coder (U.S. Federal Standard 4800 BPS Voice Coder)”, (Proceedings of IEEE Int'l Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Conference, May 1983), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 328-330.
Card et al., “Readings in Information Visualization Using Vision to Think”, Interactive Technologies, 1999, 712 pages.
Carpendale et al., “3-Dimensional Pliable Surfaces: For the Effective Presentation of Visual Information”, UIST '95 Proceedings of the 8th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface and Software Technology, Nov. 14-17, 1995, pp. 217-226.
Carpendale et al., “Extending Distortion Viewing from 2D to 3D”, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Jul./Aug. 1997, pp. 42-51.
Carpendale et al., “Making Distortions Comprehensible”, IEEE Proceedings of Symposium on Visual Languages, 1997, 10 pages.
Casner et al., “N-Way Conferencing with Packet Video”, The Third International Workshop on Packet Video, Mar. 22-23, 1990, pp. 1-6.
Chakarova et al., “Digital Still Cameras—Downloading Images to a Computer”, Multimedia Reporting and Convergence, available at <http://journalism.berkeley.edu/multimedia/tutorials/stillcams/downloading.html>, retrieved on May 9, 2005, 2 pages.
Chartier, David, “Using Multi-Network Meebo Chat Service on Your iPhone”, available at <http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/04/using-multi-network-meebo-chat-service-on-your-iphone/>, Jul. 4, 2007, 5 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 06256215.2, dated Feb. 20, 2007, 6 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Supplementary European Search Report and Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 07863218.9, dated Dec. 9, 2010, 7 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 12186113.2, dated Apr. 28, 2014, 14 pages.
ABCOM Pty. Ltd. “12.1″ 925 Candela Mobile PC”, LCDHardware.com, available at <http://www.lcdhardware.com/panel/12_1_panel/default.asp.>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 2 pages.
Cisco Systems, Inc., “Cisco Unity Unified Messaging User Guide”, Release 4.0(5), Apr. 14, 2005, 152 pages.
Cisco Systems, Inc., “Installation Guide for Cisco Unity Unified Messaging with Microsoft Exchange 2003/2000 (With Failover Configured)”, Release 4.0(5), Apr. 14, 2005, 152 pages.
Cisco Systems, Inc., “Operations Manager Tutorial, Cisco's IPC Management Solution”, 2006, 256 pages.
Coleman, David W., “Meridian Mail Voice Mail System Integrates Voice Processing and Personal Computing”, Speech Technology, vol. 4, No. 2, Mar./Apr. 1988, pp. 84-87.
Compaq, “Personal Jukebox”, available at <http://research.compaq.com/SRC/pjb/>, 2001, 3 pages.
Compaq Inspiration Technology, “Personal Jukebox (PJB)—Systems Research Center and PAAD”, Oct. 13, 2000, 25 pages.
Conkie et al, “Preselection of Candidate Units in a Unit Selection-Based Text-to-Speech Synthesis System”, ISCA, 2000, 4 pages.
Conklin, Jeffrey, “A Survey of Hypertext” MCC Software Technology Program, Dec. 1987, 40 pages.
Copperi et al., “CELP Coding for High Quality Speech at 8 kbits/s”, Proceedings of IEEE International Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Conference, Apr. 1986), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press), 1990, pp. 324-327.
Corr, Paul, “Macintosh Utilities for Special Needs Users”, available at <http://homepage.mac.com/corrp/macsupt/columns/specneeds.html>, Feb. 1994 (content updated Sep. 19, 1999), 4 pages.
Creative, “Creative NOMAD MuVo”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20041024075901/www.creative.com/products/product.asp?category=213&subcategory=216&product=4983>, retrieved on Jun. 7, 2006, 1 page.
Creative, “Creative NOMAD MuVo TX”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20041024175952/www.creative.com/products/pfriendly.asp?product=9672>, retrieved on Jun. 6, 2006, 1 page.
Creative, “Digital MP3 Player”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20041024074823/www.creative.com/products/product.asp?category=213&subcategory=216&product=4983, 2004, 1 page.
Creative Technology Ltd., “Creative NOMAD®: Digital Audio Player: User Guide (On-Line Version)”, available at <http://ec1.images-amazon.com/media/i3d/01/A/man-migrate/MANUAL000010757.pdf>, Jun. 1999, 40 pages.
Creative Technology Ltd., “Creative NOMAD® II: Getting Started—User Guide (On Line Version)”, available at <http://ec1.images-amazon.com/media/i3d/01/A/man-migrate/MANUAL000026434.pdf>, Apr. 2000, 46 pages.
Creative Technology Ltd., “Nomad Jukebox”, User Guide, Version 1.0, Aug. 2000, 52 pages.
Croft et al., “Task Support in an Office System”, Proceedings of the Second ACM-SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems, 1984, pp. 22-24.
Crowley et al., “MMConf: An Infrastructure for Building Shared Multimedia Applications”, CSCW 90 Proceedings, Oct. 1990, pp. 329-342.
Cuperman et al., “Vector Predictive Coding of Speech at 16 kbit s/s”, (IEEE Transactions on Communications, Jul. 1985), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 300-311.
ABF Software, “Lens- Magnifying Glass 1.5”, available at <http://download.com/3000-2437-10262078.html?tag=1st-0-1>, retrieved on Feb. 11, 2004, 1 page.
Davis et al., “Stone Soup Translation”, Department of Linguistics, Ohio State University, 2001, 11 pages.
De Herrera, Chris, “Microsoft ActiveSync 3.1”, Version 1.02, available at <http://www.cewindows.net/wce/activesync3.1.htm>, Oct. 13, 2000, 8 pages.
Degani et al, “‘Soft’ Controls for Hard Displays: Still a Challenge”, Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1992, pp. 52-56.
Del Strother, Jonathan, “Coverflow”, available at <http://www.steelskies.com/coverflow>, retrieved on Jun. 15, 2006, 14 pages.
Diamond Multimedia Systems, Inc., “Rio PMP300: User's Guide”, available at <http://ec1.images-amazon.com/media/i3d/01/A/man-migrate/MANUAL000022854.pdf>, 1998, 28 pages.
Dickinson et al., “Palmtips: Tiny Containers for All Your Data”, PC Magazine, vol. 9, Mar. 1990, p. 218(3).
Digital Equipment Corporation, “OpenVMS RTL DECtalk (DTK$) Manual”, May 1993, 56 pages.
Donahue et al., “Whiteboards: A Graphical Database Tool”, ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems, vol. 4, No. 1, Jan. 1986, pp. 24-41.
Dourish et al., “Portholes: Supporting Awareness in a Distributed Work Group”, CHI 1992;, May 1992, pp. 541-547.
Abut et al., “Low-Rate Speech Encoding Using Vector Quantization and Subband Coding”, (Proceedings of the IEEE International Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Conference, Apr. 1986), as reprinted in Vector Quantization IEEE Press, 1990, pp. 312-315.
Dyslexic.com, “AlphaSmart 3000 with CoWriter SmartApplet: Don Johnston Special Needs”, available at <http://www.dyslexic.com/procuts.php?catid-2&pid=465&PHPSESSID=2511b800000f7da>, retrieved on Dec. 6, 2005, 13 pages.
Edwards, John R., “Q&A: Integrated Software with Macros and an Intelligent Assistant”, Byte Magazine, vol. 11, No. 1, Jan. 1986, pp. 120-122.
Egido, Carmen, “Video Conferencing as a Technology to Support Group Work: A Review of its Failures”, Bell Communications Research, 1988, pp. 13-24.
Elliot, Chip, “High-Quality Multimedia Conferencing Through a Long-Haul Packet Network”, BBN Systems and Technologies, 1993, pp. 91-98.
Elliott et al., “Annotation Suggestion and Search for Personal Multimedia Objects on the Web”, CIVR, Jul. 7-9, 2008, pp. 75-84.
Elofson et al., “Delegation Technologies: Environmental Scanning with Intelligent Agents”, Jour. of Management Info. Systems, Summer 1991, vol. 8, No. 1, 1991, pp. 37-62.
Eluminx, “Illuminated Keyboard”, available at <http://www.elumix.com/>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 1 page.
Engst, Adam C., “SoundJam Keeps on Jammin'”, available at <http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=05988>, Jun. 19, 2000, 3 pages.
Ericsson Inc., “Cellular Phone with Integrated MP3 Player”, Research Disclosure Journal No. 41815, Feb. 1999, 2 pages.
Eslambolchilar et al., “Making Sense of Fisheye Views”, Second Dynamics and Interaction Workshop at University of Glasgow, Aug. 2005, 6 pages.
Eslambolchilar et al., “Multimodal Feedback for Tilt Controlled Speed Dependent Automatic Zooming”, UIST'04, Oct. 24-27, 2004, 2 pages.
Fanty et al., “A Comparison of DFT, PLP and Cochleagram for Alphabet Recognition”, IEEE, Nov. 1991.
Findlater et al., “Beyond QWERTY: Augmenting Touch-Screen Keyboards with Multi-Touch Gestures for Non-Alphanumeric Input”, CHI '12, Austin, Texas, USA, May 5-10, 2012, 4 pages.
Fisher et al., “Virtual Environment Display System”, Interactive 3D Graphics, Oct. 23-24, 1986, pp. 77-87.
Forsdick, Harry, “Explorations into Real-Time Multimedia Conferencing”, Proceedings of the Ifip Tc 6 International Symposium on Computer Message Systems, 1986, 331 pages.
Furnas et al., “Space-Scale Diagrams: Understanding Multiscale Interfaces”, CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1995, pp. 234-241.
Furnas, George W., “Effective View Navigation”, Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Mar. 1997, pp. 367-374.
Furnas, George W., “Generalized Fisheye Views”, CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, vol. 17, No. 4, Apr. 1986, pp. 16-23.
Furnas, George W., “The Fisheye Calendar System”, Bellcore Technical Memorandum, Nov. 19, 1991.
Gardner, Jr., P. C., “A System for the Automated Office Environment”, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 20, No. 3, 1981, pp. 321-345.
Garretson, R., “IBM Adds Drawing Assistant' Design Tool to Graphic Series”, PC Week, vol. 2, No. 32, Aug. 13, 1985, 1 page.
Gaver et al., “One Is Not Enough: Multiple Views in a Media Space”, INTERCHI, Apr. 24-29, 1993, pp. 335-341.
Gaver et al., “Realizing a Video Environment: EuroPARC's RAVE System”, Rank Xerox Cambridge EuroPARC, 1992, pp. 27-35.
Giachin et al., “Word Juncture Modeling Using Inter-Word Context-Dependent Phone-Like Units”, Cselt Technical Reports, vol. 20, No, 1, Mar. 1992, pp. 43-47.
Gillespie, Kelly, “Adventures in Integration”, Data Based Advisor, vol 9, No. 9, Sep. 1991, pp. 90-92.
Gillespie, Kelly, “Internationalize Your Applications with Unicode”, Data Based Advisor, vol. 10, No. 10, Oct. 1992, pp. 136-137.
Gilloire et al., “Innovative Speech Processing for Mobile Terminals: An Annotated Bibliography”, Signal Processing, vol. 80, No. 7, Jul. 2000, pp. 1149-1166.
Glinert-Stevens, Susan, “Microsoft Publisher: Desktop Wizardry”, PC Sources, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 1992, 1 page.
Gmail, “About Group Chat”, available at <http://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=81090>, Nov. 26, 2007, 2 pages.
Goldberg, Cheryl, “IBM Drawing Assistant: Graphics for the EGA”, PC Magazine, vol. 4, No. 26, Dec. 24, 1985, 1 page.
Good et al., “Building a User-Derived Interface”, Communications of the ACM; (Oct. 1984) vol. 27. No. 10, Oct. 1984, pp. 1032-1043.
Gray et al., “Rate Distortion Speech Coding with a Minimum Discrimination Information Distortion Measure”, (IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Nov. 1981), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press), 1990, pp. 208-221.
Greenberg, Saul, “A Fisheye Text Editor for Relaxed-WYSIWIS Groupware”, CHI '96 Companion, Vancouver, Canada, Apr. 13-18, 1996, 2 pages.
Griffin et al., “Signal Estimation From Modified Short-Time Fourier Transform”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-32, No. 2, Apr. 1984, pp. 236-243.
Gruhn et al., “A Research Perspective on Computer-Assisted Office Work”, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 18, No. 3, 1979, pp. 432-456.
Hain et al., “The Papageno TTS System”, Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, Munich, Germany TC-STAR Workshop, 2006, 6 pages.
Halbert, D. C., “Programming by Example”, Dept. Electrical Engineering and Comp. Sciences, University of California, Berkley, Nov. 1984, pp. 1-76.
Hall, William S., “Adapt Your Program for Worldwide Use with Windows.TM. Internationalization Support”, Microsoft Systems Journal, vol. 6, No. 6, Nov./Dec. 1991, pp. 29-58.
Haoui et al., “Embedded Coding of Speech: A Vector Quantization Approach”, (Proceedings of the IEEE International Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Conference, Mar. 1985), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 297-299.
Hartson et al., “Advances in Human-Computer Interaction”, Chapters 1, 5, and 6, vol. 3, 1992, 121 pages.
Heger et al., “KNOWBOT: An Adaptive Data Base Interface”, Nuclear Science and Engineering, V. 107, No. 2, Feb. 1991, pp. 142-157.
Hendrix et al., “The Intelligent Assistant: Technical Considerations Involved in Designing Q&A's Natural-Language Interface”, Byte Magazine, Issue 14, Dec. 1987, 1 page.
Heyer et al., “Exploring Expression Data: Identification and Analysis of Coexpressed Genes”, Genome Research, vol. 9, 1999, pp. 1106-1115.
Hill, R. D., “Some Important Features and Issues in User Interface Management System”, Dynamic Graphics Project, University of Toronto, CSRI, vol. 21, No. 2, Apr. 1987, pp. 116-120.
Hinckley et al., “A Survey of Design Issues in Spatial Input”, UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, 1994, pp. 213-222.
Hiroshi, “Team Work Station: Towards a Seamless Shared Workspace”, NTT Human Interface Laboratories, CSCW 90 Proceedings, Oct. 1990. pp. 13-26.
Holmes, “Speech System and Research”, 1955, pp. 129-135, 152-153.
Hon et al., “Towards Large Vocabulary Mandarin Chinese Speech Recognition”, Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP-94, IEEE International, vol. 1, Apr. 1994, pp. 545-548.
Hopper, Andy, “Pandora—An Experimental System for Multimedia Applications”, Olivetti Research Laboratory, Apr. 1990, pp. 19-34.
Howard, John H., “(Abstract) An Overview of the Andrew File System”, Information Technology Center, Carnegie Mellon University; (CMU-ITC-88-062) to Appear in a future issue of the ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, 1988, pp. 1-6.
Huang et al., “Real-Time Software-Based Video Coder for Multimedia Communication Systems”, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, 1993, 10 pages.
Hukin, R. W., “Testing an Auditory Model by Resynthesis”, European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Sep. 26-29, 1989, pp. 243-246.
Hunt, “Unit Selection in a Concatenative Speech Synthesis System Using a Large Speech Database”, Copyright 1996 IEEE. “To appear in Proc. ICASSP-96, May 7-10, Atlanta, GA” ATR Interpreting Telecommunications Research Labs, Kyoto Japan, 1996, pp. 373-376.
IBM, “Why Buy: ThinkPad”, available at <http://www.pc.ibm.com/us/thinkpad/easeofuse.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 2 pages.
IBM Corporation, “Simon Says 'Here's How”, Users Manual, 1994, 3 pages.
ICHAT AV, “Video Conferencing for the Rest of Us”, Apple—Mac OS X—iChat AV, available at <http://www.apple.com/macosx/features/ichat/>, retrieved on Apr. 13, 2006, 3 pages.
Iphone Hacks, “Native iPhone MMS Application Released”, available at <http://www.iphonehacks.com/2007/12/iphone-mms-app.html>, retrieved on Dec. 25, 2007, 5 pages.
IPhonechat, “iChat for iPhone in JavaScript”, available at <http://www.publictivity.com/iPhoneChat/>, retrieved on Dec. 25, 2007, 2 pages.
Jabra, “Bluetooth Headset: User Manual”, 2005, 17 pages.
Jabra, “Bluetooth Introduction”, 2004, 15 pages.
Jabra Corporation, “FreeSpeak: BT200 User Manual”, 2002, 42 pages.
Jaybird, “Everything Wrong with AIM: Because We've All Thought About It”, available at <http://www.psychonoble.com/archives/articles/82.html>, May 24, 2006, 3 pages.
Jeffay et al., “Kernel Support for Live Digital Audio and Video”, In Proc. of the Second Intl. Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, vol. 614, Nov. 1991, pp. 10-21.
Jelinek et al., “Interpolated Estimation of Markov Source Parameters from Sparse Data”, In Proceedings of the Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Practice, May 1980, pp. 381-397.
Johnson, Jeff A., “A Comparison of User Interfaces for Panning on a Touch-Controlled Display”, CHI '95 Proceedings, 1995, 8 pages.
Kaeppner et al., “Architecture of HeiPhone: A Testbed for Audio/Video Teleconferencing”, IBM European Networking Center, 1993.
Kamba et al., “Using Small Screen Space More Efficiently”, CHI '96 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr. 13-18, 1996, pp. 383-390.
Kang et al., “Quality Improvement of LPC-Processed Noisy Speech by Using Spectral Subtraction”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 37, No. 6, Jun. 1989, pp. 939-942.
Keahey et al., “Non-Linear Image Magnification”, Apr. 24, 1996, 11 pages.
Keahey et al., “Nonlinear Magnification Fields”, Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 1997, 12 pages.
Keahey et al., “Techniques for Non-Linear Magnification Transformations”, IEEE Proceedings of Symposium on Information Visualization, Oct. 1996, pp. 38-45.
Keahey et al., “Viewing Text With Non-Linear Magnification: An Experimental Study”, Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, Apr. 24, 1996, pp. 1-9.
Kennedy, P J., “Digital Data Storage Using Video Disc”, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 24, No. 2, Jul. 1981, p. 1171.
Kerr, “An Incremental String Search in C: This Data Matching Algorithm Narrows the Search Space with each Keystroke”, Computer Language, vol. 6, No. 12, Dec. 1989, pp. 35-39.
Abut et al., “Vector Quantization of Speech and Speech-Like Waveforms”, (IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Jun. 1982), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 258-270.
Kim, E.A. S., “The Structure and Processing of Fundamental Frequency Contours”, University of Cambridge, Doctoral Thesis, Apr. 1987, 378 pages.
Kirstein et al., “Piloting of Multimedia Integrated Communications for European Researchers”, Proc. INET '93, 1993, pp. 1-12.
Kjelldahl et al., “Multimedia—Principles, Systems, and Applications”, Proceedings of the 1991 Eurographics Workshop on Multimedia Systems, Applications, and Interaction, Apr. 1991.
Kline et al., “Improving GUI Accessibility for People with Low Vision”, CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 7-11, 1995, pp. 114-121.
Kline et al., “UnWindows 1.0: X Windows Tools for Low Vision Users”, ACM SIGCAPH Computers and the Physically Handicapped, No. 49, Mar. 1994, pp. 1-5.
Knight et al., “Heuristic Search”, Production Systems, Artificial Intelligence, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1983-1991.
Kroon et al., “Quantization Procedures for the Excitation in CELP Coders”, (Proceedings of IEEE International Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Conference, Apr. 1987), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 320-323.
Kuo et al., “A Radical-Partitioned coded Block Adaptive Neural Network Structure for Large-Volume Chinese Characters Recognition”, International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 3, Jun. 1992, pp. 597-601.
Kuo et al., “A Radical-Partitioned Neural Network System Using a Modified Sigmoid Function and a Weight-Dotted Radical Selector for Large-Volume Chinese Character Recognition VLSI”, IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits and Systems, Jun. 1994, pp. 3862-3865.
Kurlander et al., “Comic Chat”, [Online], 1996 [Retrieved on: Feb. 4, 2013], SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, [Retrieved from: http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/240000/237260/p225-kurlander.pdf], 1996, pp. 225-236.
LaFace et al., “A Fast Segmental Viterbi Algorithm for Large Vocabulary Recognition”, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 1, May 1995, pp. 560-563.
Lafferty et al., “Conditional Random Fields: Probabilistic Models for Segmenting and Labeling Sequence Data”, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Machine Learning, 2001, 9 pages.
Adium, “AboutAdium—Adium X—Trac”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20070819113247/http://trac.adiumx.com/wiki/AboutAdium>, retrieved on Nov. 25, 2011, 2 pages.
Lamping et al., “Laying Out and Visualizing Large Trees Using a Hyperbolic Space”, Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Nov. 1994, pp. 13-14.
Lamping et al., “Visualizing Large Trees Using the Hyperbolic Browser”, Apple Inc., Video Clip, MIT Media Library, on a CD, 1995.
Lantz et al., “Towards a Universal Directory Service”, Departments of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 1985, pp. 250-260.
Lantz, Keith. “An Experiment in Integrated Multimedia Conferencing”, 1986, pp. 267-275.
Lauwers et al., “Collaboration Awareness in Support of Collaboration Transparency: Requirements for the Next Generation of Shared Window Systems”, CHI'90 Proceedings, 1990, pp. 303-311.
Lauwers et al., “Replicated Architectures for Shared Window Systems: A Critique”, COGS '90 Proceedings of the ACM SIGOIS and IEEE CS TC-OA conference on Office information systems, ACM SIGOIS Bulletin, 1990, pp. 249-260.
Lazzaro, Joseph J., “Adapting Desktop Computers to Meet the Needs of Disabled Workers is Easier Than You Might Think”, Computers for the Disabled, BYTE Magazine, Jun. 1993, 4 pages.
Leahy et al., “Effect of Touch Screen Target Location on User Accuracy”, Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting, 1990, 5 pages.
Lee, Kai-Fu, “Automatic Speech Recognition”, 1989, 14 pages (Table of Contents).
Leung et al., “A Review and Taxonomy of Distortion-Oriented Presentation Techniques”, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), vol. 1, No. 2, Jun. 1994, pp. 126-160.
Levinson et al., “Speech synthesis in telecommunications”, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 31, No. 11, Nov. 1993, pp. 46-53.
Lewis, “Speech synthesis in a computer aided learning environment”, UK IT, Mar. 19-22, 1990, pp. 294-298.
Lewis, Peter, “Two New Ways to Buy Your Bits”, CNN Money, available at <http://money.cnn.com/2003/12/30/commentary/ontechnology/download/>,, Dec. 31, 2003, 4 pages.
Lieberman, Henry, “A Multi-Scale, Multi-Layer, Translucent Virtual Space”, Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Information Visualization, Aug. 1997, pp. 124-131.
Lieberman, Henry, “Powers of Ten Thousand: Navigating in Large Information Spaces”, Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Nov. 1994, pp. 1-2.
Lyon, R., “A Computational Model of Binaural Localization and Separation”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Apr. 1983, pp. 1148-1151.
Ahlberg et al., “The Alphaslider: A Compact and Rapid Selector”, CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr. 1994, pp. 365-371.
Lyons, Richard F., “CCD Correlators for Auditory Models”, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, Nov. 4-6, 1991, pp. 785-789.
Mackenzie et al., “Alphanumeric Entry on Pen-Based Computers”, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol. 41, 1994, pp. 775-792.
Mackinlay et al., “The Perspective Wall: Detail and Context Smoothly Integrated”, ACM, 1991, pp. 173-179.
Ahlberg et al., “Visual Information Seeking: Tight Coupling of Dynamic Query Filters with Starfield Displays”, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr. 24-28, 1994, pp. 313-317.
Mactech, “KeyStrokes 3.5 for Mac OS X Boosts Word Prediction”, available at <http://www.mactech.com/news/?p=1007129>, retrieved on Jan. 7, 2008, 3 pages.
Mahedero et al., “Natural Language Processing of Lyrics”, In Proceedings of the 13th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia, ACM, Nov. 6-11, 2005, 4 pages.
Marcus et al., “Building a Large Annotated Corpus of English: The Penn Treebank”, Computational Linguistics, vol. 19, No. 2, 1993, pp. 313-330.
Markel et al., “Linear Production of Speech”, Reviews, 1976, pp. xii, 288.
Masui, Toshiyuki, “POBox: An Efficient Text Input Method for Handheld and Ubiquitous Computers”, Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing, 1999, 12 pages.
Matsui et al., “Speaker Adaptation of Tied-Mixture-Based Phoneme Models for Text-Prompted Speaker Recognition”, 1994 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Apr. 19-22, 1994, 1-125-1-128.
Matsuzawa, A, “Low-Voltage and Low-Power Circuit Design for Mixed Analog/Digital Systems in Portable Equipment”, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 29, No. 4, 1994, pp. 470-480.
Mellinger, David K., “Feature-Map Methods for Extracting Sound Frequency Modulation”, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1991, pp. 795-799.
Menico, Costas, “Faster String Searches”, Dr. Dobb's Journal, vol. 14, No. 7, Jul. 1989, pp. 74-77.
Menta, Richard, “1200 Song MP3 Portable is a Milestone Player”, available at <http://www.mp3newswire.net/stories/personaljuke.html>, Jan. 11, 2000, 4 pages.
Meyer, Mike, “A Shell for Modern Personal Computers”, University of California, Aug. 1987, pp. 13-19.
Meyrowitz et al., “Brewin: An Adaptable Design Strategy for Window Manager/Virtual Terminal Systems”, Department of Computer Science, Brown University, 1981, pp. 180-189.
Miastkowski Stan, “paperWorks Makes Paper Intelligent”, Byte Magazine, Jun. 1992.
Microsoft, “Turn on and Use Magnifier”, available at <http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/accessibility/magnifierturnon.mspx>, retrieved on Jun. 6, 2009.
Microsoft Corporation, Microsoft Office Word 2003 (SP2), Microsoft Corporation, SP3 as of 2005, pp. MSWord 2003 Figures 1-5, 1983-2003.
Microsoft Corporation, “Microsoft MS-DOS Operating System User's Guide”, Microsoft Corporation, 1982, pp. 4-1 to 4-16, 5-1 to 5-19.
Microsoft Press, “Microsoft Windows User's Guide for the Windows Graphical Environment”, version 3.0, 1985-1990, pp. 33-41 & 70-74.
Microsoft Windows XP, “Magnifier Utility”, Oct. 25, 2001, 2 pages.
Microsoft Word 2000 Microsoft Corporation, pages MSWord Figures 1-5, 1999.
Microsoft/Ford, “Basic Sync Commands”, www.SyncMyRide.com, Sep. 14, 2007, 1 page.
Milner, N. P., “A Review of Human Performance and Preferences with Different Input Devices to Computer Systems”, Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the British Computer Society on People and Computers, Sep. 5-9, 1988, pp. 341-352.
Miniman, Jared, “Applian Software's Replay Radio and Player v1.02”, pocketnow.com—Review, available at <http://www.pocketnow.com/reviews/replay/replay.htm>, Jul. 31, 2001, 16 pages.
Moberg et al., “Cross-Lingual Phoneme Mapping for Multilingual Synthesis Systems”, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Jeju Island, Korea, INTERSPEECH 2004, Oct. 4-8, 2004, 4 pages.
Moberg, M., “Contributions to Multilingual Low-Footprint TTS System for Hand-Held Devices”, Doctoral Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Aug. 17, 2007, 82 pages.
Mobile Tech News, “T9 Text Input Software Updated”, available at <http://www.mobiletechnews.com/info/2004/11/23/122155.html>, Nov. 23, 2004, 4 pages.
Mok et al., “Media Searching on Mobile Devices”, IEEE EIT 2007 Proceedings, 2007, pp. 126-129.
Morland, D. V., “Human Factors Guidelines for Terminal Interface Design”, Communications ofthe ACM vol. 26, No. 7, Jul. 1983, pp. 484-494.
Morris et al., “Andrew: A Distributed Personal Computing Environment”, Communications of the ACM, (Mar. 1986); vol. 29 No. 3,, Mar. 1986, pp. 184-201.
Muller et al., “CSCW'92 Demonstrations”, 1992, pp. 11-14.
Musicmatch, “Musicmatch and Xing Technology Introduce Musicmatch Jukebox”, Press Releases, available at <http://www.musicmatch.com/info/company/press/releases/?year=1998&release=2, May 18, 1998, 2 pages.
Muthesamy et al., “Speaker-Independent Vowel Recognition: Spectograms versus Cochleagrams”, IEEE, Apr. 1990.
My Cool Aids, “What's New”, available at <http://www.mycoolaids.com/>, 2012, 1 page.
Myers, Brad A., “Shortcutter for Palm”, available at <http://www.cs.cmu.edu/˜pebbles/v5/shortcutter/palm/index.html>, retrieved on Jun. 18, 2014, 10 pages.
Nadoli et al., “Intelligent Agents in the Simulation of Manufacturing Systems”, Proceedings of the SCS Multiconference on AI and Simulation, 1989, 1 page.
Nakagawa et al., “Unknown Word Guessing and Part-of-Speech Tagging Using Support Vector Machines”, Proceedings of the 6th NLPRS, 2001, pp. 325-331.
Ahlstrom et al., “Overcoming Touchscreen User Fatigue by Workplace Design”, CHI '92 Posters and Short Talks of the 1992 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1992, pp. 101-102.
NCIP, “NCIP Library: Word Prediction Collection”, available at <http://www2.edc.org/ncip/library/wp/toc.htrn>, 1998, 4 pages.
NCIP, “What is Word Prediction?”, available at <http://www2.edc.org/NCIP/library/wp/what_is.htm>, 1998, 2 pages.
NCIP Staff, “Magnification Technology”, available at <http://www2.edc.org/ncip/library/vi/magnifi.htm>, 1994, 6 pages.
Newton, Harry, “Newton's Telecom Dictionary”, Mar. 1998, pp. 62, 155, 610-611, 771.
Nguyen et al., “Generic Manager for Spoken Dialogue Systems”, In DiaBruck: 7th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue, Proceedings, 2003, 2 pages.
Nilsson, B. A., “Microsoft Publisher is an Honorable Start for DTP Beginners”, Computer Shopper, Feb. 1, 1992, 2 pages.
Noik, Emanuel G., “Layout-Independent Fisheye Views of Nested Graphs”, IEEE Proceedings of Symposium on Visual Languages, 1993, 6 pages.
Nonhoff-Arps et al., “StraBenmusik: Portable MP3-Spieler mit USB Anschluss”, CT Magazin Fuer Computer Technik, Verlag Heinz Heise Gmbh, Hannover DE, No. 25, 2000, pp. 166-175.
Northern Telecom, “Meridian Mail PC User Guide”, 1988, 17 pages.
Notenboom, Leo A., “Can I Retrieve Old MSN Messenger Conversations?”, available at <http://ask-leo.com/can_i_retrieve_old_msn_messenger_conversations.html>, Mar. 11, 2004, 23 pages.
O'Connor, Rory J., “Apple Banking on Newton's Brain”, San Jose Mercury News, Apr. 22, 1991.
Ohsawa et al., “A computational Model of an Intelligent Agent Who Talks with a Person”, Research Reports on Information Sciences, Series C, No. 92, Apr. 1989, pp. 1-18.
Ohtomo et al., “Two-Stage Recognition Method of Hand-Written Chinese Characters Using an Integrated Neural Network Model”, Denshi Joohoo Tsuushin Gakkai Ronbunshi, D-II, vol. J74, Feb. 1991, pp. 158-165.
Okazaki et al., “Multi-Fisheye Transformation Method for Large-Scale Network Maps”, IEEE Japan, vol. 44, No. 6, 1995, pp. 495-500.
Omologo et al., “Microphone Array Based Speech Recognition with Different Talker-Array Positions”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 1, Apr. 21-24, 1997, pp. 227-230.
Oregon Scientific, “512MB Waterproof MP3 Player with FM Radio & Built-in Pedometer”, available at <http://www2.oregonscientific.com/shop/product.asp?cid=4&scid=11&pid=581>, retrieved on Jul. 31, 2006, 2 pages.
Oregon Scientific, “Waterproof Music Player with FM Radio and Pedometer (MP121)—User Manual”, 2005, 24 pages.
Padilla, Alfredo, “Palm Treo 750 Cell Phone Review—Messaging”, available at <http://www.wirelessinfo.com/content/palm-Treo-750-Cell-Phone-Review/Messaging.htm>, Mar. 17, 2007, 6 pages.
Palay et al., “The Andrew Toolkit: An Overview”, Information Technology Center, Carnegie-Mellon University, 1988, pp. 1-15.
Palm, Inc., “User Guide: Your Palm® Treo.TM. 755p Smartphone”, 2005-2007, 304 pages.
Panasonic, “Toughbook 28: Powerful, Rugged and Wireless”, Panasonic: Toughbook Models, available at <http://www.panasonic.com/computer/notebook/html/01a_s8.htm>, retrieved on Dec. 19. 2002, 3 pages.
Parks et al., “Classification of Whale and Ice Sounds with a cochlear Model”, IEEE, Mar. 1992.
Patterson et al., “Rendezvous: An Architecture for Synchronous Multi-User Applications”, CSCW '90 Proceedings, 1990, pp. 317-328.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2002/033330, dated Feb. 4, 2003, 6 pages.
Ahmed et al., “Intelligent Natural Language Query Processor”, TENCON '89, Fourth IEEE Region 10 International Conference, Nov. 22-24, 1989, pp. 47-49.
Ahuja et al., “A Comparison of Application Sharing Mechanisms in Real-Time Desktop Conferencing Systems”, At&T Bell Laboratories, 1990, pp. 238-248.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/038819, dated Apr. 5, 2006, 12 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/046797, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial Search Report received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2005/046797, dated Jul. 3, 2006, 6 pages.
Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/046797, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048669, dated Jul. 2, 2007, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048670, dated May 21, 2007, 11 pages.
Invitation to Pay Addition Fees and Partial International Search Report received PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048738, dated Jul. 10, 2007, 4 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048753, dated Jun. 19, 2007, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/026243, dated Mar. 31, 2008, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/088872, dated May 8, 2008, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/088873, dated May 8, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000032, dated Jun. 12, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion Application No. PCT/US2008/000042, dated May 21, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000043, dated Oct. 10, 2008, 12 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000043, dated Jun. 27, 2008, 4 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000045, dated Jun. 12, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000047, dated Sep. 11, 2008, 12 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000047, dated Jul. 4, 2008, 4 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000059, dated Sep. 19, 2008, 18 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000061, dated Jul. 1, 2008, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020350, dated Jun. 30, 2011, 17 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020350, dated Apr. 14, 2011, 5 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020861, dated Aug. 2, 2012, 11 pages.
Aikawa, K. “Time-Warping Neural Network for Phoneme Recognition”, IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 3, Nov. 18-21, 1991, pp. 2122-2127.
Allen et al., “Automated Natural Spoken Dialog”, Computer, vol. 35, No. 4, Apr. 2002, pp. 51-56.
Alleva et al., “Applying SPHINX-II to DARPA Wall Street Journal CSR Task”, Proceedings of Speech and Natural Language Workshop, Feb. 1992, pp. 393-398.
Amrel Corporation, “Rocky Matrix BackLit Keyboard”, available at <http://www.amrel.com/asi_matrixkeyboard.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 1 page.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/034028, dated Jun. 11, 2012, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040931, dated Feb. 1, 2013, 4 pages. (International Search Report only).
Apple, “VoiceOver”, available at <http://www.apple.com/accessibility/voiceover/>, Feb. 2009, 5 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple—iPod—Technical Specifications, iPod 20GB and 60GB Mac + PC”, available at <http://www.apple.com/ipod/color/specs.html>, 2005, 3 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041225, dated Aug. 23, 2013, 3 pages (International Search Report only).
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047659, dated Feb. 27, 2014, 7 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2013/052558, dated Nov. 7, 2013, 6 pages.
Pearl, Amy, “System Support for Integrated Desktop Video Conferencing”, Sunmicrosystems Laboratories, Dec. 1992, pp. 1-15.
Penn et al., “Ale for Speech: A Translation Prototype”, Bell Laboratories, 1999. 4 pages.
Phillipps, Ben, “Touchscreens are Changing the Face of Computers—Today's Users Have Five Types of Touchscreens to Choose from, Each with its Own Unique Characteristics”, Electronics Products, Nov. 1994, pp. 63-70.
Phillips, Dick, “The Multi-Media Workstation”, SIGGRAPH '89 Panel Proceedings, 1989, pp. 93-109.
Pickering, J. A., “Touch-Sensitive Screens: The Technologies and Their Application”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, vol. 25, No. 3, Sep. 1986, pp. 249-269.
Pingali et al., “Audio-Visual Tracking for Natural Interactivity”, ACM Multimedia, Oct. 1999, pp. 373-382.
Plaisant et al., “Touchscreen Interfaces for Alphanumeric Data Entry”, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 36th Annual Meeting, 1992, pp. 293-297.
Plaisant et al., “Touchscreen Toggle Design”, CHI'92, May 3-7, 1992, pp. 667-668.
Poly-Optical Products, Inc., “Poly-Optical Fiber Optic Membrane Switch Backlighting”, available at <http://www.poly-optical.com/membrane_switches.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 3 pages.
Poor, Alfred, “Microsoft Publisher”, PC Magazine, vol. 10, No. 20, Nov. 26, 1991, 1 page.
Potter et al., “An Experimental Evaluation of Three Touch Screen Strategies within a Hypertext Database”, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 1, No. 1, 1989, pp. 41-52.
Potter et al., “Improving the Accuracy of Touch Screens: An Experimental Evaluation of Three Strategies”, CHI '88 ACM, 1988, pp. 27-32.
Public Safety Technologies, “Tracer 2000 Computer”, available at <http://www.pst911.com/tracer.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 3 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple Announces iTunes 2”, Press Release, Oct. 23, 2001, 2 pages.
Rabiner et al., “Digital Processing of Speech Signals”, Prentice Hall, 1978, pp. 274-277.
Rampe et al., “SmartForm Designer and SmartForm Assistant”, News release, Claris Corp., Jan. 9, 1989, 1 page.
Rao et al., “Exploring Large Tables with the Table Lens”, Apple Inc., Video Clip, Xerox Corp., on a CD, 1994.
Rao et al., “Exploring Large Tables with the Table Lens”, CHI' 95 Mosaic of Creativity, ACM, May 7-11, 1995, pp. 403-404.
Rao et al., “The Table Lens: Merging Graphical and Symbolic Representations in an Interactive Focus+Context Visualization for Tabular Information”, Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr. 1994, pp. 1-7.
Raper, Larry K.,“The C-MU PC Server Project”, (CMU-ITC-86-051), Dec. 1986, pp. 1-30.
Ratcliffe et al., “Intelligent Agents Take U.S. Bows”, MacWeek, vol. 6, No. 9, Mar. 2, 1992, 1 page.
Reddy, D. R., “Speech Recognition by Machine: A Review”, Proceedings of the IEEE, Apr. 1976, pp. 501-531.
Reininger et al., “Speech and Speaker Independent Codebook Design in VQ Coding Schemes”, (Proceedings of the IEEE International Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Conference, Mar. 1985), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 271-273.
Ren et al., “Efficient Strategies for Selecting Small Targets on Pen-Based Systems: An Evaluation Experiment for Selection Strategies and Strategy Classifications”, Proceedings of the IFIP TC2/TC13 WG2.7/WG13.4 Seventh Working Conference on Engineering for Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 150, 1998, pp. 19-37.
Ren et al., “Improving Selection Performance on Pen-Based Systems: A Study of Pen-Based Interaction for Selection Tasks”, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol. 7, No. 3, Sep. 2000, pp. 384-416.
Ren et al., “The Best among Six Strategies for Selecting a Minute Target and the Determination of the Minute Maximum Size of the Targets on a Pen-Based Computer”, Human-Computer Interaction Interact, 1997, pp. 85-92.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple Introduces !Tunes—World's Best and Easiest Use Jukebox Software”, Macworld Expo, Jan. 9, 2001, 2 pages.
Riecken, R D., “Adaptive Direct Manipulation”, IEEE Xplore, 1991, pp. 1115-1120.
Rioport, “Rio 500: Getting Started Guide”, available at <http://ec1.images-amazon.com/media/i3d/01/A/man-migrate/MANUAL000023453.pdf>, 1999, 2 pages.
Robbin et al., “MP3 Player and Encoder for Macintosh!”, SoundJam MP Plus, Version 2.0, 2000, 76 pages.
Robertson et al., “Information Visualization Using 3D Interactive Animation”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 36, No. 4, Apr. 1993, pp. 57-71.
Robertson et al., “The Document Lens”, UIST '93, Nov. 3-5, 1993, pp. 101-108.
Root, Robert, “Design of a Multi-Media Vehicle for Social Browsing”, Bell Communications Research, 1988, pp. 25-38.
Roseberry, Catherine, “How to Pair a Bluetooth Headset & Cell Phone”, available at <http://mobileoffice.about.com/od/usingyourphone/ht/blueheadset_p.htm>, retrieved on Apr. 29, 2006, 2 pages.
Rosenberg et al., “An Overview of the Andrew Message System”, Information Technology Center Carnegie-Mellon University, Jul. 1987, pp. 99-108.
Rosner et al., “In Touch: A Graphical User Interface Development Tool”, IEEE Colloquium on Software Tools for Interface Design, Nov. 8, 1990, pp. 12/1-12/7.
Rossfrank, “Konstenlose Sprachmitteilungins Festnetz”, XP002234425, Dec. 10, 2000, pp. 1-4.
Roucos et al., “A Segment Vocoder at 150 B/S”, (Proceedings of the IEEE International Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Conference, Apr. 1983), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 246-249.
Roucos et al., “High Quality Time-Scale Modification for Speech”, Proceedings of the 1985 IEEE Conference on Acoustics. Speech and Signal Processing, 1985, pp. 493-496.
Sabin et al., “Product Code Vector Quantizers for Waveform and Voice Coding”, (IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Jun. 1984), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 274-288.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple's iPod Available in Stores Tomorrow”, Press Release, Nov. 9, 2001. 1 page.
Santen, Jan P., “Assignment of Segmental Duration in Text-to-Speech Synthesis”, Computer Speech and Language, vol. 8, No. 2, Apr. 1994, pp. 95-128.
Sarawagi, Sunita, “CRF Package Page”, available at <http://crf.sourceforge.net/>, retrieved on Apr. 6, 2011, 2 pages.
Sarkar et al., “Graphical Fisheye Views”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 37, No. 12, Dec. 1994, pp. 73-83.
Sarkar et al., “Graphical Fisheye Views of Graphs”, Systems Research Center, Digital Equipment Corporation,, Mar. 17, 1992, 31 pages.
Sarkar et al., “Graphical Fisheye Views of Graphs”, CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 3-7, 1992, pp. 83-91.
Sarkar et al., “Stretching the Rubber Sheet: A Metaphor for Viewing Large Layouts on Small Screens”, UIST'93, ACM, Nov. 3-5, 1993, pp. 81-91.
Sastry, Ravindra W., “A Need for Speed: A New Speedometer for Runners”, submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999, pp. 1-42.
Schafer et al., “Digital Representations of Speech Signals”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 63, No. 4, Apr. 1975. pp. 662-677.
Schaffer et al., “Navigating Hierarchically Clustered Networks through Fisheye and Full-Zoom Methods”, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol. 3, No. 2, Jun. 1996, pp. 162-188.
Scheifler, R. W., “The X Window System”, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and Gettys, Jim Digital Equipment Corporation and MIT Project Athena; ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 1986, pp. 79-109.
Schluter et al., “Using Phase Spectrum Information for Improved Speech Recognition Performance”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001, pp. 133-136.
Schmandt et al., “A Conversational Telephone Messaging System”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. CE-30, Aug. 1984, pp. xxi-xxiv.
Schmandt et al., “Phone Slave: A Graphical Telecommunications Interface”, Society for Information Display, International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, Jun. 1984, 4 pages.
Schmandt et al., “Phone Slave: A Graphical Telecommunications Interface”, Proceedings of the SID, vol. 26, No. 1, 1985, pp. 79-82.
Schmid, H., “Part-of-speech tagging with neural networks”, COLING '94 Proceedings of the 15th conference on Computational linguistics—vol. 1, 1994, pp. 172-176.
Schooler et al., “A Packet-switched Multimedia Conferencing System”, by Eve Schooler, et al; ACM SIGOIS Bulletin, vol. I, No. 1, Jan. 1989, pp. 12-22.
Schooler et al., “An Architecture for Multimedia Connection Management”, Proceedings IEEE 4th Comsoc International Workshop on Multimedia Communications, Apr. 1992, pp. 271-274.
Schooler et al., “Multimedia Conferencing: Has it Come of Age?”, Proceedings 24th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, vol. 3, Jan. 1991, pp. 707-716.
Schooler et al., “The Connection Control Protocol: Architecture Overview”, USC/Information Sciences Institute, Jan. 28, 1992, pp. 1-6.
Schooler, Eve, “A Distributed Architecture for Multimedia Conference Control”, ISI Research Report, Nov. 1991, pp. 1-18.
Schooler, Eve M., “Case Study: Multimedia Conference Control in a Packet-Switched Teleconferencing System”, Journal of Internetworking: Research and Experience, vol. 4, No. 2, Jun. 1993, pp. 99-120.
Schooler, Eve M., “The Impact of Scaling on a Multimedia Connection Architecture”, Multimedia Systems, vol. 1, No. 1, 1993, pp. 2-9.
Schütze, H., “Distributional part-of-speech tagging”, EACL '95 Proceedings of the seventh conference on European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 1995, pp. 141-148.
Schütze, Hinrich, “Part-of-speech induction from scratch”, ACL '93 Proceedings of the 31st annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, 1993, pp. 251-258.
Schwartz et al., “Context-Dependent Modeling for Acoustic-Phonetic Recognition of Continuous Speech”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 10, Apr. 1985, pp. 1205-1208.
Schwartz et al., “Improved Hidden Markov Modeling of Phonemes for Continuous Speech Recognition”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 9, 1984, pp. 21-24.
Schwartz et al., “The N-Best Algorithm: An Efficient and Exact Procedure for Finding the N Most Likely Sentence Hypotheses”, IEEE, 1990, pp. 81-84.
Scott et al., “Designing Touch Screen Numeric Keypads: Effects of Finger Size, Key Size, and Key Spacing”, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 41st Annual Meeting, Oct. 1997, pp. 360-364.
Seagrave, Jim, “A Faster Way to Search Text”, EXE, vol. 5, No. 3, Aug. 1990, pp. 50-52.
Sears et al., “High Precision Touchscreens: Design Strategies and Comparisons with a Mouse”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, vol. 34, No. 4, Apr. 1991, pp. 593-613.
Sears et al., “Investigating Touchscreen Typing: The Effect of Keyboard Size on Typing Speed”, Behavior & Information Technology, vol. 12, No. 1, 1993, pp. 17-22.
Sears et al., “Touchscreen Keyboards”, Apple Inc., Video Clip, Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory, on a CD, Apr. 1991.
Seide et al., “Improving Speech Understanding by Incorporating Database Constraints and Dialogue History”, Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Philadelphia,, 1996, pp. 1017-1020.
Shiraki et al., “LPC Speech Coding Based on Variable-Length Segment Quantization”, (IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Sep. 1988), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 250-257.
Shneiderman, Ben, “Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction”, Second Edition, 1992, 599 pages.
Shneiderman, Ben, “Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction”, Third Edition, 1998, 669 pages.
Shneiderman, Ben, “Direct Manipulation for Comprehensible, Predictable and Controllable User Interfaces”, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 1997, pp. 33-39.
Shneiderman, Ben, “Sparks of Innovation in Human-Computer Interaction”, 1993, (Table of Contents, Title Page, Ch. 4, Ch. 6 and List of References).
Shneiderman, Ben, “The Eyes Have It: A Task by Data Type Taxonomy for Information Visualizations”, IEEE Proceedings of Symposium on Visual Languages, 1996, pp. 336-343.
Shneiderman, Ben, “Touch Screens Now Offer Compelling Uses”, IEEE Software, Mar. 1991, pp. 93-94
Shoham et al., “Efficient Bit and Allocation for an Arbitrary Set of Quantizers”, (IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Sep. 1988) as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 289-296.
Simkovitz, Daniel, “LP-DOS Magnifies the PC Screen”, IEEE, 1992, pp. 203-204.
Singh et al., “Automatic Generation of Phone Sets and Lexical Transcriptions”, Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'00), 2000, 1 page.
Sinitsyn, Alexander, “A Synchronization Framework for Personal Mobile Servers”, Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, Piscataway, 2004, pp. 1, 3 and 5.
Slaney et al., “On the Importance of Time—A Temporal Representation of Sound”, Visual Representation of Speech Signals, 1993, pp. 95-116.
Smeaton, Alan F., “Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval”, Information Processing and Management, vol. 26, No. 1, 1990, pp. 19-20.
Smith et al., “Guidelines for Designing User Interface Software”, User Lab, Inc., Aug. 1986, pp. 1-384.
Smith et al., “Relating Distortion to Performance in Distortion Oriented Displays”, Proceedings of Sixth Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction, Nov. 1996, pp. 6-11.
Sony Eiicsson Corporate, “Sony Ericsson to introduce Auto pairing.TM. to Improve Bluetooth.TM. Connectivity Between Headsets and Phones”, Press Release, available at <http://www.sonyericsson.com/spg.jsp?cc=global&Ic=en&ver=4001&template=pc3_1_ 1&z . . . >, Sep. 28, 2005, 2 pages.
Soong et al., “A High Quality Subband Speech Coder with Backward Adaptive Predictor and Optimal Time-Frequency Bit Assignment”, (Proceedings of the IEEE International Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Conference, Apr. 1986), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 316-319.
Spiller, Karen, “Low-Decibel Earbuds Keep Noise at a Reasonable Level”, available at <http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?Date=20060813&Cate . . . , Aug. 13, 2006, 3 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Inside Macintosh”, vol. VI, 1985.
Srinivas et al., “Monet: A Multi-Media System for Conferencing and Application Sharing in Distributed Systems”, CERC Technical Report Series Research Note, Feb. 1992.
Stealth Computer Corporation, “Peripherals for Industrial Keyboards & Pointing Devices”, available at http://www.stealthcomputer.com/peripherals_oem.htm>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 6 pages.
Steinberg, Gene, “Sonicblue Rio Car (10 GB, Reviewed: 6 GB)”, available at <http://electronics.cnet.com/electronics/0-6342420-1304-4098389.html>, Dec. 12, 2000, 2 pages.
Stent et al., “Geo-Centric Language Models for Local Business Voice Search”, AT&T Labs—Research, 2009, pp. 389-396.
Stone et al., “The Movable Filter as a User Interface Tool”, CHI '94 Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1994, pp. 306-312.
Su et al., “A Review of ZoomText Xtra Screen Magnification Program for Windows 95”, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, Feb. 1998, pp. 116-119.
Su, Joseph C., “A Review of Telesensory's Vista PCI Screen Magnification System”, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, Oct. 1998, pp. 705, 707-710.
Sullivan, Danny, “How Google Instant's Autocomplete Suggestions Work”, available at <http://searchengineland.com/how-google-instant-autocomplete-suggestions-work-62592>, Apr. 6, 2011, 12 pages.
Summerfield et al., “ASIC Implementation of the Lyon Cochlea Model”, Proceedings of the 1992 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, vol. V, 1992, pp. 673-676.
T3 Magazine, “Creative MuVo TX 256MB”, available at <http://www.t3.co.uk/reviews/entertainment/mp3_player/creative_muvo_tx_256mb>, Aug. 17, 2004, 1 page.
TAOS, “TAOS, Inc. Announces Industry's First Ambient Light Sensor to Convert Light Intensity to Digital Signals”, News Release, available at <http://www.taosinc.com/presssrelease_090902.htm>, Sep. 16, 2002, 3 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “iTunes 2, Playlist Related Help Screens”, iTunes v2.0, 2000-2001, 8 pages.
Tello, Ernest R., “Natural-Language Systems”, Mastering AI Tools and Techniques, Howard W. Sams & Company, 1988.
TG3 Electronics. Inc., “BL82 Series Backlit Keyboards”, available at <http://www.tg3electronics.com/products/backlit/backlit.htm>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 2 pages.
The HP 150, “Hardware: Compact, Powerful, and Innovative”, vol. 8, No. 10, Oct. 1983, pp. 36-50.
Tidwell, Jenifer, “Animated Transition”, Designing Interfaces, Patterns for effective Interaction Design, Nov. 2005, First Edition, 4 pages.
Touch, Joseph, “Zoned Analog Personal Teleconferencing”, USC / Information Sciences Institute, 1993, pp. 1-19.
Toutanova et al., “Feature-Rich Part-of-Speech Tagging with a Cyclic Dependency Network”, Computer Science Dept., Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305-9040, 2003, 8 pages.
Trigg et al., “Hypertext Habitats: Experiences of Writers in NoteCards”, Hypertext '87 Papers; Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 1987, pp. 89-108.
Trowbridge, David, “Using Andrew for Development of Educational Applications”, Center for Design of Educational Computing, Carnegie-Mellon University (CMU-ITC-85-065), Jun. 2, 1985, pp. 1-6.
Tsao et al., “Matrix Quantizer Design for LPC Speech Using the Generalized Lloyd Algorithm”, (IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Jun. 1985), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 237-245.
Turletti, Therry, “The INRIA Videoconferencing System (IVS)”, Oct. 1994, pp. 1-7.
Uslan et al., “A Review of Heater-Joyce's MAGic for Windows NT”, Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, Dec. 1999, pp. 666-668.
Uslan et al., “A Review of Supernova Screen Magnification Program for Windows”, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, Feb. 1999, pp. 108-110.
Uslan et al., “A Review of Two Screen Magnification Programs for Windows 95: Magnum 95 and LP-Windows”, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, Sep.-Oct. 1997, pp. 9-13.
Veiga, Alex, “At&T Wireless Launching Music Service”, available at <http://bizyahoo.com/ap/041005/at_t_mobile_music_5.html?printer=1>, Oct. 5, 2004, 2 pages.
Vogel et al., “Shift: A Technique for Operating Pen-Based Interfaces Using Touch”, CHI '07 Proceedings, Mobile Interaction Techniques I, Apr. 28-May 3, 2007, pp. 657-666.
W3C Working Draft, “Speech Synthesis Markup Language Specification for the Speech Interface Framework”, available at <http://www.w3org./TR/speech-synthesis>, retrieved on Dec. 14, 2000, 42 pages.
Wadlow, M. G., “The Role of Human Interface Guidelines in the Design of Multimedia Applications”, Carnegie Mellon University (To be Published in Current Psychology: Research and Reviews, Summer 1990 (CMU-ITC-91-101), 1990, pp. 1-22.
Walker et al., “The LOCUS Distributed Operating System 1”, University of California Los Angeles, 1983, pp. 49-70.
Wang et al., “An Initial Study on Large Vocabulary Continuous Mandarin Speech Recognition with Limited Training Data Based on Sub-Syllabic Models”, International Computer Symposium, vol. 2, 1994, pp. 1140-1145.
Wang et al., “Tone Recognition of Continuous Mandarin Speech Based on Hidden Markov Model”, International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 8, 1994, pp. 233-245.
Ware et al., “The DragMag Image Magnifier”, CHI '95 Mosaic of Creativity, May 7-11, 1995, pp. 407-408.
Ware et al., “The DragMag Image Magnifier Prototype I”, Apple Inc., Video Clip, Marlon, on a CD, Applicant is not Certain about the Date for the Video Clip., 1995.
Watabe et al., “Distributed Multiparty Desktop Conferencing System: MERMAID”, CSCW 90 Proceedings, Oct. 1990, pp. 27-38.
White, George M., “Speech Recognition, Neural Nets, and Brains”, Jan. 1992, pp. 1-48.
Wikipedia, “Acoustic Model”, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AcousticModel>, retrieved on Sep. 14, 2011, 2 pages.
Wikipedia, “Language Model”, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_model>, retrieved on Sep. 14, 2011, 3 pages.
Wikipedia, “Speech Recognition”, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition>, retrieved on Sep. 14, 2011, 10 pages.
Wilensky et al., “Talking to UNIX in English: An Overview of UC”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 27, No. 6, Jun. 1984, pp. 574-593.
Wilson, Mark, “New iPod Shuffle Moves Buttons to Headphones, Adds Text to Speech”, available at <http://gizmodo.com/5167946/new-ipod-shuffle-moves-buttons-to-headphones-adds-text-to-speech>, Mar. 11, 2009, 13 pages.
Wirelessinfo, “SMS/MMS Ease of Use (8.0)”, available at <http://www.wirelessinfo.com/content/palm-Treo-750-Cell-Phone-Review/Messaging.htm>, Mar. 2007, 3 pages.
Wong et al., “An 800 Bit/s Vector Quantization LPC Vocoder”, (IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Oct. 1982), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 222-232.
Wong et al., “Very Low Data Rate Speech Compression with LPC Vector and Matrix Quantization”, (Proceedings of the IEEE Int'l Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Conference, Apr. 1983), as reprinted in Vector Quantization (IEEE Press, 1990), 1990, pp. 233-236.
Wu et al., “Automatic Generation of Synthesis Units and Prosodic Information for Chinese Concatenative Synthesis”, Speech Communication, vol. 35, No. 3-4, Oct. 2001, pp. 219-237.
Yang et al., “Auditory Representations of Acoustic Signals”, IEEE Transactions of Information Theory. vol. 38, No. 2, Mar. 1992, pp. 824-839.
Yang et al., “Hidden Markov Model for Mandarin Lexical Tone Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 36, No. 7, Jul. 1988, pp. 988-992.
Yiourgalis et al., “Text-to-Speech system for Greek”, ICASSP 91, vol. 1, May 14-17, 1991., pp. 525-528.
Zainab, “Google Input Tools Shows Onscreen Keyboard in Multiple Languages [Chrome]”, available at <http://www.addictivetips.com/internet-tips/google-input-tools-shows-multiple-language-onscreen-keyboards-chrome/>, Jan. 3, 2012, 3 pages.
Zelig, “A Review of the Palm Treo 750v”, available at <http://www.mtekk.com.au/Articles/tabid/54/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/769/A-Review-of-the-Palm-Treo-750v.aspx>, Feb. 5, 2007, 3 pages.
Zhang et al., “Research of Text Classification Model Based on Latent Semantic Analysis and Improved HS-SVM”, Intelligent Systems and Applications (ISA), 2010 2nd International Workshop, May 22-23, 2010, 5 pages.
Ziegler, K, “A Distributed Information System Study”, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 18, No. 3, 1979, pp. 374-401.
Zipnick et al., “U.S. Appl. No. 10/859,661, filed Jun. 2, 2004”.
“2004 Chrysler Pacifica: U-Connect Hands-Free Communication System”, The Best and Brightest of 2004, Brief Article, Automotive Industries, Sep. 2003, p. 1.
“2007 Lexus GS 450h 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cyl Gas/Electric Hybrid CVT)”, available at <http://review.cnet.com/4505-10865_16-31833144.html>, retrieved on Aug. 3, 2006, 10 pages.
“All Music Website”, available at <http://www.allmusic.com/>, retrieved on Mar. 19, 2007, 2 pages.
“BluePhoneElite: About”, available at <http://www.reelintelligence.com/BluePhoneElite>, retrieved on Sep. 25, 2006, 2 pages.
“BluePhoneElite: Features”, available at <http://www.reelintelligence.com/BluePhoneElite/features.shtml,>, retrieved on Sep. 25, 2006, 2 pages.
“Digital Audio in the New Era”, Electronic Design and Application, No. 6, Jun. 30, 2003, 3 pages.
“Mobile Speech Solutions, Mobile Accessibility”, SVOX AG Product Information Sheet, available at <http://www.svox.com/site/bra840604/con782768/mob965831936.aSQ?osLang=1>, Sep. 27, 2012, 1 page.
“N200 Hands-Free Bluetooth Car Kit”, available at <www.wirelessground.com>, retrieved on Mar. 19, 2007, 3 pages.
“PhatNoise”. Voice Index on Tap, Kenwood Music Keg, available at <http://www.phatnoise.com/kenwood/kenwoodssamail.html>, retrieved on Jul. 13, 2006, 1 page.
“What is Fuzzy Logic?”, available at <http://www.cs.cmu.edu>, retrieved on Apr. 15, 1993, 5 pages.
“Windows XP: A Big Surprise!—Experiencing Amazement from Windows XP”, New Computer, No. 2, Feb. 28, 2002, 8 pages.
Aikawa et al., “Generation for Multilingual MT”, available at <http://mtarchive.info/MTS-2001-Aikawa.pdf>, retrieved on Sep. 18, 2001, 6 pages.
Anhui USTC IFL YTEK Co, Ltd., “Flytek Research Center Information Datasheet”, available at <http://www.iflttek.com/english/Research.htm>, retrieved on Oct. 15, 2004, 3 pages.
Borden IV, G.R., “An Aural User Interface for Ubiquitous Computing”, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Wearable Computers, IEEE, 2002, 2 pages.
Brain, Marshall, “How MP3 Files Work”, available at <http://www.howstuffworks.com>, retrieved on Mar. 19. 2007, 4 pages.
Busemann et al., “Natural Language Diaglogue Service for Appointment Scheduling Agents”, Technical Report RR-97-02, Deutsches Forschungszentrum fur Kunstliche Intelligenz GmbH, 1997, 8 pages.
Dusan et al., “Multimodal Interaction on PDA's Integrating Speech and Pen Inputs”, Eurospeech Geneva, 2003, 4 pages.
Lamel et al., “Generation and synthesis of Broadcast Messages”, Proceedings of ESCA-NATO Workshop: Applications of Speech Technology, Sep. 1, 1993, 4 pages.
Lyons et al., “Augmenting Conversations Using Dual-Purpose Speech”, Proceedings of the 17th Annual ACM Symposium on User interface Software and Technology, 2004, 10 pages.
Macsimum News, “Apple Files Patent for an Audio Interface for the iPod”, available at <http://www.macsimumnews.com/index.php/archive/apple_files_patent_for_an_audio_interface_for_the_ipod>, retrieved on Jul. 13, 2006, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/016519, dated Nov. 3, 2005, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/016519, dated Aug. 4, 2005, 6 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/037014, dated Oct. 4, 2011, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Search Fees received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/037014, dated Aug. 2, 2011, 6 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/043098, dated Nov. 14, 2012, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/040971, dated Nov. 12, 2013, 11 pages.
Quazza et al., “Actor: A Multilingual Unit-Selection Speech Synthesis System”, Proceedings of 4th ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop on Speech Synthesis, Jan. 1, 2001, 6 pages.
Ricker, Thomas, “Apple Patents Audio User Interface”, Engadget, available at <http://www.engadget.com/2006/05/04/apple-patents-audio-user-interface/>, May 4, 2006, 6 pages.
Santaholma, Marianne E., “Grammar Sharing Techniques for Rule-based Multilingual NLP Systems”, Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics, Nodalida 2007, May 25, 2007, 8 pages.
Taylor et al., “Speech Synthesis by Phonological Structure Matching”, International Speech Communication Association, vol. 2, Section 3, 1999, 4 pages.
Xu et al., “Speech-Based Interactive Games for Language Learning: Reading, Translation, and Question-Answering”, Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing, vol. 14, No. 2, Jun. 2009, pp. 133-160.
Yunker, John, “Beyond Borders: Web Globalization Strategies”, New Riders, Aug. 22, 2002, 11 pages.
Yang et al., “Smart Sight: A Tourist Assistant System”, Proceedings of Third International Symposium on Wearable Computers, 1999, 6 pages.
Yankelovich et al., “Intermedia: The Concept and the Construction of a Seamless Information Environment”, Computer Magazine, IEEE, Jan. 1988, 16 pages.
Yoon et al., “Letter-to-Sound Rules for Korean”, Department of Linguistics, The Ohio State University, 2002, 4 pages.
Zeng et al., “Cooperative Intelligent Software Agents”, The Robotics Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, Mar. 1995, 13 pages.
Zhao, Y., “An Acoustic-Phonetic-Based Speaker Adaptation Technique for Improving Speaker-Independent Continuous Speech Recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 2, No. 3, Jul. 1994, pp. 380-394.
Zhao et al., “Intelligent Agents for Flexible Workflow Systems”, Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Oct. 1998, 4 pages.
Zovato et al., “Towards Emotional Speech Synthesis: A Rule based Approach”, Proceedings of 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop-Pittsburgh, 2004, pp. 219-220.
Zue, Victor, “Conversational Interfaces: Advances and Challenges”, Spoken Language System Group, Sep. 1997, 10 pages.
Zue et al., “From Interface to Content: Translingual Access and Delivery of On-Line Information”, Eurospeech, 1997, 4 pages.
Zue et al., “Jupiter: A Telephone-Based Conversational Interface for Weather Information”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, Jan. 2000, 13 pages.
Zue et al., “Pegasus: A Spoken Dialogue Interface for On-Line Air Travel Planning”, Speech Communication, vol. 15, 1994, 10 pages.
Zue et al., “The Voyager Speech Understanding System: Preliminary Development and Evaluation”, Proceedings of IEEE, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 1990, 4 pages.
Zue, Victor W., “Toward Systems that Understand Spoken Language”, ARPA Strategic Computing Institute, Feb. 1994, 9 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/GB2009/051684, dated Mar. 12, 2010, 4 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/GB2009/051684, dated Jun. 23, 2011, 10 pages.
Cucerzan et al, “Bootstrapping a Multilingual Part-of-Speech Tagger in One Person-Day”, In Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Natural Language Learning, vol. 20, 2002, pp. 1-7.
Schone et al., “Knowledge-Free Induction of Morphology Using Latent Semantic Analysis”, Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Learning Language in Logic and the 4th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning, vol. 7, 2000, pp. 67-72.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/030234, dated Mar. 20, 2007, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/030234, dated Mar. 17, 2006, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040801, dated Dec. 19, 2013, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040801, dated Oct. 22, 2012, 20 pages.
International Search Report & Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028412, dated Sep. 26, 2013, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028920, dated Jun. 27, 2013, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/029156, dated Jul. 15, 2013, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/058916, dated Sep. 8, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029050, dated Jul. 31, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029562, dated Sep. 18, 2014, 21 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040401, dated Sep. 4, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040403, dated Sep. 23, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041159, dated Sep. 26, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041173, dated Sep. 10, 2014, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/23822, dated Sep. 25, 2014, 14 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/056382, dated Apr. 10, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028412, dated Sep. 12, 2014, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028920, dated Sep. 18, 2014, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/029156, dated Sep. 9, 2014, 7 pages.
Biemann et al., “Disentangling from Babylonian Confusion—Unsupervised Language Identification”, CICLing'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, vol. 3406, Feb. 2005, pp. 773-784.
Choularton et al., “User Responses to Speech Recognition Errors: Consistency of Behaviour Across Domains”, Proceedings of the 10th Australian International Conference on Speech Science & Technology, Dec. 8-10, 2004, pp. 457-462.
Jiang et al., “A Syllable-based Name Transliteration System”, Proc. of the 2009 Named Entities Workshop, Aug. 7 2009, pp. 96-99.
Kazemzadeh et al., “Acoustic Correlates of User Response to Error in Human-Computer Dialogues”, Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, 2003, pp. 215-220.
Kikui, Gen-Itiro, “Identifying the Coding System and Language of On-Line Documents on the Internet”, International Conference on Computational, Aug. 1996, pp. 652-657.
Meng et al., “Generating Phonetic Cognates to Handle Named Entities in English-Chinese Cross-Language Spoken Document Retrieval”, Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Dec. 2001, pp. 311-314.
Russo et al., “Urgency is a Non-Monotonic Function of Pulse Rate”, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 122, No, 5. 2007, 6 pages.
Sethy et al., “A Syllable Based Approach for Improved Recognition of Spoken Names”, ITRW on Pronunciation Modeling and Lexicon Adaptation for Spoken language Technology (PMLA2002), Sep. 14-15, 2002, pp. 30-35.
Strom et al., “Intelligent Barge-In in Conversational Systems”, MIT laboratory for Computer Science, 2000, 4 pages.
Henrich et al., “Language Identification for the Automatic Grapheme-To-Phoneme Conversion of Foreign Words in a German Text-To-Speech System”, Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, vol. 2, Sep. 1989, pp. 220-223.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040571, dated Dec. 19, 2013, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041233, dated Nov. 18, 2014, 8 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041233, dated Nov. 22, 2013, 3 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028785, dated Oct. 17, 2014, 23 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/049568, dated Nov. 14, 2014, 12 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Supplementary European Search Report and Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 12727027.0, dated Sep. 26, 2014, 7 pages.
Guay, Matthew, “Location-Driven Productivity with Task Ave”, available at <http://iphone.appstorm.net/reviews/productivity/location-driven-productivity-with-task-ave/>, Feb. 19, 2011, 7 pages.
Waibel, Alex, “Interactive Translation of Conversational Speech”, Computer, vol. 29, No. 7, Jul. 1996, pp. 41-48.
Amano et al., “A User-friendly Multimedia Book Authoring System”, The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report, vol. 103, No. 416, Nov. 2003, pp. 33-40.
AppleEvent Manager, which is described in the publication Inside Macintosh vol. VI, available from Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1985.
Dual Rate Speech Coder for Multimedia Communications Transmitting at 5.3 and 6.3 kbit/s, International Telecommunication Union Recommendation G.723, 7 pages.
Quick Search Algorithm, Communications of the ACM, 33(8), 1990, pp. 132-142.
Worldwide Character Encoding, Version 2.0, vols. 1,2 by Unicode, Inc., 12 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 13169672.6, dated Aug. 14, 2013, 11 pages.
Barrett et al., “How to Personalize the Web”, 1997 in proceddings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems, Mar. 22-27, 1997, pp. 75-82.
Boyer et al., “A Fast String Searching Algorithm”, Communications of the ACM, vol. 20, 1977, pp. 762-772.
Cao et al., “Adapting Ranking SVM to Document Retrieval”, SIGIR '06, Seattle, WA, Aug. 6-11, 2006, 8 pages.
Chomsky et al., “The Sound Pattern of English”, New York, Harper and Row, 1968, 242 pages.
Church, Kenneth W., “Phonological Parsing in Speech Recognition”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1987.
Erol et al., “Multimedia Clip Generation From Documents for Browsing on Mobile Devices”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 10, No. 5, Aug. 2008, 13 pages.
Evermann et al., “Posterior Probability Decoding, Confidence Estimation and System Combination”, Proceedings Speech Transcription Workshop, 2000, 4 pages.
Fiscus, J. G., “A Post-Processing System to Yield Reduced Word Error Rates: Recognizer Output Voting Error Reduction (Rover)”, IEEE Proceedings, Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Dec. 14-17, 1997, pp. 347-354.
Gonnet et al., “Handbook of Algorithms and Data Structures: in Pascal and C. (2nd ed.)”, Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., 1991, 17 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., U.S. Appl. No. 61/186,414, filed Jun. 12, 2009 titled “System and Method for Semantic Auto-Completion” 13 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., U.S. Appl. No. 61/493,201, filed Jun. 3, 2011 titled “Generating and Processing Data Items That Represent Tasks to Perform”, 68 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., U.S. Appl. No. 61/657,744, filed Jun. 9, 2012 titled “Automatically Adapting User Interfaces for Hands-Free Interaction”, 40 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., U.S. Appl. No. 07/976,970, filed Nov. 16, 1992 titled “Status Bar for Application Windows”.
Haitsma et al., “A Highly Robust Audio Fingerprinting System”, In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), 2002, 9 pages.
Hendrickson, Bruce, “Latent Semantic Analysis and Fiedler Retrieval”, Discrete Algorithms and Mathematics Department, Sandia National Labs, Albuquerque, NM, Sep. 21, 2006, 12 pages.
Id3.org, “id3v2.4.0-Frames”, available at <http://id3.org/id3v2.4.0-frames?action=print>, retrieved on Jan. 22, 2015, 41 pages.
Jawaid et al., “Machine Translation with Significant Word Reordering and Rich Target-Side Morphology”, WDS'111 Proceedings of Contributed Papers, Part I, 2011, pp. 161-166.
Kane et al., “Slide Rule: Making Mobile Touch Screens Accessible to Blind People Using Multi-Touch Interaction Techniques”, ASSETS, Oct. 13-15, 2008, pp. 73-80.
Kohler, Joachim, “Multilingual Phone Models for Vocabulary-Independent Speech Recognition Tasks”, Speech Communication, vol. 35, No. 1-2, Aug. 2001, pp. 21-30.
Kroon et al., “Pitch Predictors with High Temporal Resolution”, IEEE, vol. 2, 1990, pp. 661-664.
Ladefoged, Peter, “A Course in Phonetics”, New York, Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Second Edition, 1982.
Lau et al., “Trigger-Based Language Models: A Maximum Entropy Approach”, ICASSP'93 Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE international conference on Acoustics, speech, and signal processing: speech processing—vol. II, 1993, pp. 45-48.
Lee et al., “On URL Normalization”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, ICCSA 2005, pp. 1076-1085.
Leveseque et al., “A Fundamental Tradeoff in Knowledge Representation and Reasoning”, Readings in Knowledge Representation, 1985, 30 pages.
Mangu et al., “Finding Consensus in Speech Recognition: Word Error Minimization and Other Applications of Confusion Networks”, Computer Speech and Language, vol. 14, No. 4, 2000, pp. 291-294.
Manning etal, “Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing”, The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 1999, pp. 10-11.
International Preliminary Examination Report on received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1993/12637, dated Apr. 10, 1995, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/051954, dated Mar. 24, 2011, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/051954, dated Oct. 30, 2009, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/043100, dated Nov. 15, 2012, 8 pages.
Reddi, “The Parser”.
Rose et al., “Inside Macintosh”, vols. I, II, and III, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., Jul. 1988, 1284 pages.
Sankar, Ananth, “Bayesian Model Combination (BAYCOM) for Improved Recognition”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Mar. 18-23, 2005, pp. 845-848.
Stifleman, L., “Not Just Another Voice Mail System”, Proceedings of 1991 Conference, American Voice, Atlanta GA, Sep. 24-26, 1991, pp. 21-26.
Stuker et al., “Cross-System Adaptation and Combination for Continuous Speech Recognition: The Influence of Phoneme Set and Acoustic Front-End”, Influence of Phoneme Set and Acoustic Front-End, Interspeech, Sep. 17-21, 2006, pp. 521-524.
Sundaram et al., “Latent Perceptual Mapping with Data-Driven Variable-Length Acoustic Units for Template-Based Speech Recognition”, ICASSP 2012, Mar. 2012, pp. 4125-4128.
Wang et al., “An Industrial-Strength Audio Search Algorithm”, In Proceedings of the International Conference on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), 2003, 7 pages.
Young, S. J., “The HTK Book”, Available on <http://htk.eng.cam.ac.uk>, 4 pages.
Amano, Junko, “A User-Friendly Authoring System for Digital Talking Books”, IEICE Technical Report, The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, vol. 103 No. 418, Nov. 6, 2003, pp. 33-40.
Extended European Search Report (inclusive of the Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 12729332.2, dated Oct. 31, 2014, 6 pages.
Adobe.com, “Reading PDF Documents with Adobe Reader 6.0—A Guide for People with Disabilities”, Available online at “https://www.adobe.com/enterprise/accessibility/pdfs/acro6_cg_ue.pdf”, Jan. 2004, 76 pages.
Bertulucci, Jeff, “Google Adds Voice Search to Chrome Browser”, PC World, Jun. 14, 2011.
Dobrisek et al., “Evolution of the Information-Retrieval System for Blind and Visually-Impaired People”, International Journal of Speech Technology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Bo, vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 301-309.
Lee et al., “A Multi-Touch Three Dimensional Touch-Sensitive Tablet”, CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr. 1985, pp. 21-25.
Martins et al., “Extracting and Exploring the Geo-Temporal Semantics of Textual Resources”, Semantic Computing, IEEE International Conference, 2008, pp. 1-9.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/055577, completed on Aug. 6, 2010, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/055577, dated Jan. 26, 2010, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041225, dated Nov. 27, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047668, dated Jan. 8, 2015, 13 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/052558, dated Feb. 12, 2015, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/058916, dated Mar. 19, 2015, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/060121, dated Apr. 2, 2015, 6 pages.
Rubine, Dean Harris, “Combining Gestures and Direct Manipulation”, CHI '92, May 3-7, 1992, pp. 659-660.
Rubine, Dean Harris, “The Automatic Recognition of Gestures”, CMU-CS-91-202, Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, Dec. 1991, 285 pages.
Sen et al., “Indian Accent Text-to-Speech System for Web Browsing”, Sadhana, vol. 27, No. 1, Feb. 2002, pp. 113-126.
Tombros et al., “Users' Perception of Relevance of Spoken Documents”, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, New York, Aug. 2000, pp. 929-939.
Westerman, Wayne, “Hand Tracking, Finger Identification and Chordic Manipulation on a Multi-Touch Surface”, Doctoral Dissertation, 1999, 363 Pages.
Youtube, “New bar search for Facebook”, Available at “https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwgN1WbvCas”, 1 page.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047668, dated Feb. 13, 2014, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/052558, dated Jan. 30, 2014, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/060121, dated Dec. 6, 2013, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040961, dated Mar. 10, 2015, 5 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2014/040961, dated Jan. 14, 2015, 3 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023089, dated Jun. 17, 2015, 7 pages.
Chen et al., “An Improved Method for Image Retrieval Using Speech Annotation”, The 9th International Conference on Multi-Media Modeling, Jan. 2003, pp. 1-17.
Haga et al., “A Usability Survey of a Contents-Based Video Retrieval System by Combining Digital Video and an Electronic Bulletin Board”, The Internet and Higher Education, vol. 8, No. 3, 2005, pp. 251-262.
Jouvet et al., “Evaluating Grapheme-to-phoneme Converters in Automatic Speech Recognition Context”, IEEE,, 2012,, pp. 4821-4824.
Kazmucha, Allyson, “How to Send Map Locations Using iMessage”, iMore.com, Available at <http://www.imore.com/how-use-imessage-share-your-location-your-iphone>, Aug. 2, 2012, 6 pages.
Lewis, Cameron, “Task Ave for iPhone Review”. Mac Life, Available at <http://www.maclife.com/article/reviews/task_ave_iphone_review>, Mar. 3, 2011, 5 pages.
Ng, Simon, “Google's Task List Now Comes to Iphone”, SimonBlog, Available at <http://www.simonblog.com/2009/02/04/googles-task-list-now-comes-to-iphone/>, Feb. 4, 2009, 33 pages.
Osxdaily, “Get a List of Siri Commands Directly from Siri”, Available at <http://osxdaily.com/2013/02/05/list-siri-commands/>, Feb. 5, 2013, 15 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 15169349.6, dated Jul. 28, 2015, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044574, dated Sep. 27, 2013, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044834, dated Dec. 9, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044834, dated Dec. 20, 2013. 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047659, dated Jul. 7, 2014, 25 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/023826, dated Oct. 9, 2014, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026871, dated Jul. 23, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026873, dated Jan. 5, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028950, dated Nov. 25, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040393, dated Dec. 8, 2014, 23 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040394, dated Aug. 8, 2014, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040397, dated Aug. 27, 2014, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023097, dated Jul. 7, 2015, 15 pages.
Sarvas et al., “Metadata Creation System for Mobile Images”, Conference Proceedings, The Second International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services, Jun. 6, 2004, pp. 36-48.
Srihari, R. K.., “Use of Multimedia Input in Automated Image Annotation and Content-based Retrieval”, Proceedings of SPIE, International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 2420, Feb. 9, 1995., pp, 249-260.
Timothy et al., “Speech-Based Annotation and Retrieval of Digital Photographs”, Interspeech, 8th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, Aug. 27, 2007, pp. 2165-2168.
Viikki et al., “Speaker- and Language-Independent Speech Recognition in Mobile Communication Systems”, IEEE, vol. 1, 2001, pp. 5-8.
Xiang et al., “Correcting Phoneme Recognition Errors in Learning Word Pronunciation through Speech Interaction”, Speech Communication, vol. 55, No. 1, Jan. 1, 2013, pp. 190-203.
Database WPI Section Ch, Week 8733, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A17, AN 87-230826 & JP, A, 62 153 326 (Sanwa Kako KK (SANS) Sanwa Kako Co), Jul. 8, 1987.
Database WPI Section Ch, Week 8947, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A17, AN 89-343299 & JP, A, 1 254 742 (Sekisui Plastics KK), Oct. 11, 1989.
Dragon Naturally Speaking Version 11 Users Guide, Nuance Communications, Inc., Copyright @2002-2010, 132 pages.
Headset Button Controller v7.3 APK Full APP Download for Android, Blackberry, iPhone, 11 pages.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 014, No. 273 (E-0940)Jun. 13, 1990 (Jun. 13, 1990) -& JP 02 086057 A (Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd), Mar. 27, 1990 (Mar. 27, 1990).
European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 01201774,5, dated Sep. 14, 2001, 3 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 11159884.3, dated May 20, 2011, 8 pages.
European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 99107544.1, dated Jul. 8, 1999, 4 pages.
European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 99107545.8, dated Jul. 1, 1999, 3 pages.
API.AI. “Android App Review—Speaktoit Assistant”, Available at <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myE498nyfGw>, Mar. 30, 2011, 3 pages.
Apple, “iPhone User's Guide”, Available at <http://mesnotices.20minutes.fr/manuel-notice-mode-emploi/APPLE/IPHONE%2D%5FE#>, Retrieved on Mar. 27, 2008, Jun. 2007, 137 pages.
Bergmann et al., “An adaptable man-machine interface using connected-word recognition”, 2nd European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (EUROSPEECH 91), vol. 2, XP002176387, Sep. 24, 1991, pp. 467-470.
Chamberlain, Kim, “Quick Start Guide Natural Reader”, available online at <http://atrc.colostate.edu/files/quickstarts/Natural_Reader_Quick_Start_Guide.>, Apr. 2008, 5 pages.
Colt, Sam, “Here's One Way Apple's Smartwatch Could Be Better Than Anything Else”, Business Insider, Aug. 21, 2014, pp. 1-4.
Dittenbach et al., “A Natural Language Query Interface for Tourism Information”, In: Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2003, XP055114393, Feb. 14, 2003, pp. 152-162.
Fuji Film, “Taking Pictures Remotely : Free iPhone/Android App Fuji Film Camera Remote”, Available at <http://app.fujifilm-dsc.com/en/camera_remote/guide05.html>, Apr. 22, 2014, 3 pages.
Gurevych et al., “Semantic Coherence Scoring Using an Ontology”, North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics Archive, Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology, May 2003, 8 pages.
Morton, Philip, “Checking If an Element Is Hidden”, StackOverflow, Available at <http://stackoverflow.com/questions/178325/checking-if-an-element-is-hidden>, Oct. 7, 2008, 12 pages.
NDTV, “Sony SmartWatch 2 Launched in India for Rs. 14,990”, available at <http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/sony-smartwatch-2-launched-in-india-for-rs-14990-420319>, Sep. 18, 2013, 4 pages.
Pan et al., “Natural Language Aided Visual Query Building for Complex Data Access”. In proceeding of: Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence, XP055114607, Jul. 11, 2010.
International Search Report received for PCT Application No. PCT/US1994/000687, dated Jun. 3, 1994, 1 page.
International Search Report received for PCT Application No, PCT/US1994/00077, dated May 25, 1994, 2 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US1994/11011, dated Feb. 28, 1996, 4 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Application No. PCT/US1994/013076, dated Feb. 2, 1996, 1 page.
International Search Report received for PCT Application No. PCT/US1996/01002, dated Oct. 30, 1996, 4 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2002/024669, dated Nov. 5, 2002, 3 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2002/024670, dated Sep. 26, 2002, 3 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2004/002873, dated Feb. 1, 2006, 5 pages.
International Search Report received and written opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2004/002873, dated Oct. 13, 2005, 7 pages.
International Preliminary report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2004/016519, dated Jan. 23, 2006, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2008/000042, dated Jul. 7, 2009, 6 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2008/000043, dated Jul. 7, 2009, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2008/000047, dated Jul. 7, 2009, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCt Application No. PCT/US2010/037378, dated Dec. 6, 2011, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/020350, dated Jul. 17, 2012, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/020825, dated Jan. 13, 2012, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/020825, dated Mar. 18, 2011.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/037014, dated Dec. 13, 2012, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/034028, dated Oct. 31, 2013, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/040931, dated Dec. 18, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/043098, dated Jan. 9, 2014, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/043100, dated Jan. 9, 2014, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT/US2013/047659, dated Dec. 31, 2014, 15 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/015418, dated Aug. 20, 2015, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2014/016988, dated Sep. 3, 2015, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2014/016988, dated Apr. 29, 2014, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/023822, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent PCT/US2014/023826, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026871, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026873, dated Sep. 24. 2015, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028785, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 15 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028950, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2014/029050, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029562, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/053951, dated Dec. 8, 2014, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/053957, dated Feb. 19, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/053958, dated Feb. 19, 2015, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019298, dated Jul. 13, 2015, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019320, dated Jul. 2, 2015, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019321, dated Jun. 3, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019322, dated Jun. 18, 2015, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023593, dated Aug. 14, 2015, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/025188, dated Jun. 23, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/032470, dated Oct. 1, 2015, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/032724, dated Jul. 27, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/033051, dated Aug. 5, 2015, 14 pages.
Playmemories Camera Apps, “PlayMemories Camera Apps Help Guide”, Available at <https://www.playmemoriescameraapps.com/portal/manual/IS9104-NPIA09014_00-F00002/en/index.html>, 2012, 3 pages.
Techsmith, “Snagit 11—Snagit 11.4 Help”, Available at <http://assets.techsmith.com/Downloads/ua-tutorials-snagit-11/Snagit_11.pdf>, Jan. 2014, 146 pages.
Xperia Blog, “Action Camera Extension Gives Smartwatch/Smartband Owners Ability to Control Sony Wireless Cameras”, Available at <http://www.xperiablog.net/2014/06/13/action-camera-extension-gives-smartwatchsmartband-owners-ability-to-control-sony-wireless-cameras/>, Jun. 13, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2015/023089, dated Aug. 20, 2015. 16 pages.
Zhong et al., “JustSpeak: Enabling Universal Voice Control on Android”, W4A'14, Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference, No. 36, Apr. 7-9, 2014, 4 pages.
Hear voice from Google translate, Available on URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18AvMhFqD28, Jan. 28, 2011.
Iso-Sipila et al., “Multi-Lingual Speaker-Independent Voice User Interface for Mobile Devices”, ICASSP 2006 Proceedings, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing May 14, 2006, pp. 1-1081.
Kitaoka et al., “Detection and Recognition of Correction Utterances on Misrecognition of Spoken Dialog System”, Systems and Computers in Japan, vol. 36, No. 11 Oct. 2005, pp. 24-33.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044574, dated Dec. 9, 2014, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040393, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047062, dated Jan. 13, 2016, 25 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047281, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 19 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047553, dated Jan. 5, 2016, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040401, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 6 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040403 dated Dec. 23, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040394, dated Dec. 23, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040397, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040961, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 20 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041159, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041173, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047064, dated Nov. 13, 2015, 13 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047583, dated Feb. 3, 2016, 11 pages.
Notice of Acceptance received for Australian Patent Application No. 2014278592, dated Aug. 24, 2017, 3 pages.
Notice of Allowance received for Japanese Patent Application No. 2016518360, dated Nov. 17, 2017, 4 pages (1 page of English Translation and 3 pages of Official Copy).
Notice of Allowance received for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-7033712, dated May 15, 2017, 4 pages (1 page of English Translation and 3 page of Official copy).
Office Action received for Australian Patent Application No. 2017258871, dated May 23, 2018, 3 pages.
Office Action received for Australian Patent Application No. 2014278592, dated Aug. 8, 2017, 6 pages.
Office Action received for Australian Patent Application No. 2014278592, dated Aug. 25, 2016, 3 pages.
Office Action received for Australian Patent Application No. 2014278592, dated Jun. 7, 2017, 4 pages.
Office Action received for European Patent Application No. 14736106.7, dated Jun. 30, 2017, 6 pages.
Office Action received for Japanese Patent Application No. 2016518360, dated May 29, 2017, 4 pages (2 pages of English Translation and 2 pages of official copy).
Office Action received for Japanese Patent Application No. 2016518360, dated Nov. 18, 2016, 5 pages (2 pages of English Translation and 3 pages of Official Copy).
Office Action received for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-7033712, dated Aug. 17, 2016, 9 pages (4 pages of English Translation and 5 pages of Official Copy).
Office Action received for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2017-70253390, dated Nov. 14, 2017, 7 pages (3 pages of English Translation and 4 pages of Official Copy).
Summons to Attend Oral Proceedings received for European Patent Application No. 14736106.7, dated May 15, 2018, 12 pages.
Summons to Attend Oral Proceedings received for European Patent Application No. 14736106.7, dated May 22, 2018, 1 page.
Notice of Allowance received for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2017-7023390, dated Aug. 20, 2018, 4 pages (1 pages of English Translation and 3 pages of Official copy).
Office Action received for Chinese Patent Application No. 201480030710.7, dated May 2, 2018, 13 pages (5 pages of English Translation and 8 pages of Official Copy).
Office Action received for Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-214146, dated Aug. 31, 2018, 6 pages (3 pages of English Translation and 3 pages of Official copy).
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20140365885 A1 Dec 2014 US
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
61832898 Jun 2013 US