Patent Grant
10185542
The disclosed embodiments relate generally to digital assistant systems, and more specifically, to context and/or conversation persistence.
Just like human personal assistants, digital assistant systems can perform requested tasks and provide requested advice, information, or services. A digital assistant system's ability to fulfill a user's request is dependent on the digital assistant system's correct comprehension of the request or instructions. Recent advances in natural language processing have enabled users to interact with digital assistant systems using natural language, in spoken or textual forms. Such digital assistant systems can interpret the user's input to infer the user's intent, translate the inferred intent into actionable tasks and parameters, execute operations or deploy services to perform the tasks, and produce output that is intelligible to the user. Ideally, the output produced by a digital assistant system should fulfill the user's intent expressed during the natural language interaction between the user and the digital assistant system.
The ability of a digital assistant system to produce satisfactory responses to user requests depends on the natural language processing, knowledge base, and artificial intelligence available to the digital assistant system. Moreover, while numerous third party systems and services currently exist, there is no efficient means for a digital assistant system to enable context and/or conversation persistence across two or more non-continuous instances of a digital assistant.
The embodiments disclosed herein provide methods, devices, systems, and non-transitory computer readable storage media for operating a digital assistant so as to enable context and/or conversation persistence.
Accordingly, some embodiments provide a method of operating a digital assistant, performed at an electronic device having a display, one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the method comprising displaying a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the method includes displaying the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the method further includes displaying a second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface: detecting a prior request to invoke the digital assistant; detecting a speech input; and providing a transcription of the speech input, where the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising, in response to the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, ceasing to display the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising: displaying a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; detecting a user selection of the first affordance; and in response to the user selection of the first affordance, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising, displaying at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising: displaying a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue; detecting a user selection of the second affordance; and in response to the user selection of the second affordance, ceasing to display at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising, in response to the user selection of the second affordance, excluding context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from a context history of the digital assistant.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising: storing context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determining whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, invoking the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising, deleting the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is not satisfied when the electronic device is locked.
In some embodiments, the second dialogue includes a user query to the digital assistant, and the method further comprises: storing context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; and while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, responding to the user query to the digital assistant using the stored context data while determining a response to the user query.
In some embodiments, the predetermined context condition is satisfied when, in response to a user action performed during display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising: determining whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a second predetermined condition; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the second predetermined condition, displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, wherein the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the second predetermined condition, displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without making the first dialogue available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined conversation expiration time period.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising: storing context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determining whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition, wherein the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, invoking the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and deleting the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period, where the predetermined context expiration time period is shorter than the predetermined conversation expiration time period.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is not satisfied when the electronic device is locked.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition comprises a condition that is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received prior to detection of a predetermined number of user interactions with the electronic device after displaying the first dialogue.
In some embodiments, the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a request to launch an application.
In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface does not correspond to the digital assistant.
In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface is associated with an application distinct from the digital assistant.
Some embodiments provide a method of operating a digital assistant, performed at two or more electronic devices each having a display, one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the method comprising, displaying a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant at a first device. At a second device different from the first device, the method further comprising, displaying a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant in response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface.
In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions, which, when executed by an electronic device, cause the device to perform the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs; the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors and the one or more programs include instructions for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, a graphical user interface on an electronic device with a display, a memory, and one or more processors to execute one or more programs stored in the memory, the graphical user interface comprising user interfaces displayed in accordance with any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes means for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an information processing apparatus, for use in an electronic device includes means for performing the operations of any of the methods described above.
In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a touch screen display unit configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input and a sound receiving unit configured to receive sound input. The electronic device also includes a processing unit coupled to the touch screen display unit and the sound receiving unit. The processing unit is configured to enable display of a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface on the touch screen display unit. In response to a request to enable display of a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the processing unit is configured to enable display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the processing unit is further configured to enable display of a second instance of the digital assistant user interface on the touch screen display unit, including enabling display of a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In accordance with some embodiments, a system includes two or more electronic devices. A first electronic device includes a touch screen display unit configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input, and a sound receiving unit configured to receive sound input. The first electronic device also includes a processing unit coupled to the touch screen display unit and the sound receiving unit. A second electronic device includes a touch screen display unit configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input and a sound receiving unit configured to receive sound input. The second electronic device also includes a processing unit coupled to the touch screen display unit and the sound receiving unit. The processing unit of the first electronic device is configured to enable display of a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant on the touch screen display unit. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on the second electronic device, the processing unit of the second electronic device is configured to enable display of a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant on the touch screen display unit, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface.
The details of one or more embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.
Like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
Specifically, a digital assistant (DA) is capable of accepting a user request at least partially in the form of a natural language command, request, statement, narrative, and/or inquiry. Typically, the user request seeks either an informational answer or performance of a task by the digital assistant. A satisfactory response to the user request is either provision of the requested informational answer, performance of the requested task, or a combination of the two. For example, a user may ask the digital assistant a question, such as “Where am I right now?” Based on the user's current location, the digital assistant may answer, “You are in Central Park.” The user may also request the performance of a task, for example, “Please remind me to call Mom at 4 PM today.” In response, the digital assistant may acknowledge the request and then create an appropriate reminder item in the user's electronic schedule. During performance of a requested task, the digital assistant sometimes interacts with the user in a continuous dialogue involving multiple exchanges of information over an extended period of time. There are numerous other ways of interacting with a digital assistant to request information or performance of various tasks. In addition to providing verbal responses and taking programmed actions, the digital assistant also provides responses in other visual or audio forms (e.g., as text, alerts, music, videos, animations, etc.).
An example of a digital assistant is described in Applicant's U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 12/987,982 for “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” filed Jan. 10, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
As shown in
In some embodiments, DA-server 106 includes a client-facing I/O interface 112, one or more processing modules 114, data and models 116, and an I/O interface to external services 118. The client-facing I/O interface facilitates the client-facing input and output processing for digital assistant server 106. One or more processing modules 114 utilize data and models 116 to determine the user's intent based on natural language input and perform task execution based on inferred user intent. In some embodiments, DA-server 106 communicates with external services 120 through the network(s) 110 for task completion or information acquisition. The I/O interface to external services 118 facilitates such communications.
Examples of user device 104 include, but are not limited to, a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a cellular telephone, a smart phone, an enhanced general packet radio service (EGPRS) mobile phone, a media player, a navigation device, a game console, a television, a remote control, or a combination of any two or more of these data processing devices or other data processing devices. More details on user device 104 are provided in reference to an exemplary user device 104 shown in
Examples of the communication network(s) 110 include local area networks (“LAN”) and wide area networks (“WAN”) such as the Internet. Communication network(s) 110 are, optionally, implemented using any known network protocol, including various wired or wireless protocols, such as Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, or any other suitable communication protocol.
Server system 108 is implemented on one or more standalone data processing apparatuses or a distributed network of computers. In some embodiments, server system 108 also employs various virtual devices and/or services of third party service providers (e.g., third-party cloud service providers) to provide the underlying computing resources and/or infrastructure resources of server system 108.
Although the digital assistant shown in
For example, a motion sensor 210, a light sensor 212, and a proximity sensor 214 are coupled to the peripherals interface 206 to facilitate orientation, light, and proximity sensing functions. One or more other sensors 216, such as a positioning system (e.g., a GPS receiver), a temperature sensor, a biometric sensor, a gyroscope, a compass, an accelerometer, and the like, are also connected to peripherals interface 206, to facilitate related functionalities.
In some embodiments, a camera subsystem 220 and an optical sensor 222 are utilized to facilitate camera functions, such as taking photographs and recording video clips. Communication functions are facilitated through one or more wired and/or wireless communication subsystems 224, which can include various communication ports, radio frequency receivers and transmitters, and/or optical (e.g., infrared) receivers and transmitters. An audio subsystem 226 is coupled to speakers 228 and a microphone 230 to facilitate voice-enabled functions, such as voice recognition, voice replication, digital recording, and telephony functions.
In some embodiments, an I/O subsystem 240 is also coupled to peripheral interface 206. I/O subsystem 240 includes a touch screen controller 242 and/or other input controller(s) 244. Touch-screen controller 242 is coupled to a touch screen 246. Touch screen 246 and the touch screen controller 242 can, for example, detect contact and movement or break thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensitivity technologies, such as capacitive, resistive, infrared, surface acoustic wave technologies, proximity sensor arrays, and the like. Other input controller(s) 244 can be coupled to other input/control devices 248, such as one or more buttons, rocker switches, a thumb-wheel, an infrared port, a USB port, and/or a pointer device such as a stylus.
In some embodiments, memory interface 202 is coupled to memory 250. Memory 250 can include high-speed random access memory and/or non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, one or more optical storage devices, and/or flash memory (e.g., NAND or NOR).
In some embodiments, the memory 250 stores an operating system 252, a communication module 254, a graphical user interface module 256, a sensor processing module 258, a phone module 260, and applications 262. Operating system 252 includes instructions for handling basic system services and for performing hardware dependent tasks. Communication module 254 facilitates communicating with one or more additional devices, one or more computers and/or one or more servers. Graphical user interface module 256 facilitates graphic user interface processing. Sensor processing module 258 facilitates sensor-related processing and functions. Phone module 260 facilitates phone-related processes and functions. Application module 262 facilitates various functionalities of user applications, such as electronic-messaging, web browsing, media processing, navigation, imaging and/or other processes and functions.
As described in this specification, memory 250 also stores client-side digital assistant instructions (e.g., in a digital assistant client module 264) and various user data 266 (e.g., user-specific vocabulary data, preference data, and/or other data such as the user's electronic address book, to-do lists, shopping lists, etc.) to provide the client-side functionalities of the digital assistant.
In various embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 is capable of accepting voice input (e.g., speech input), text input, touch input, and/or gestural input through various user interfaces (e.g., I/O subsystem 244) of user device 104. Digital assistant client module 264 is also capable of providing output in audio (e.g., speech output), visual, and/or tactile forms. For example, output can be provided as voice, sound, alerts, text messages, menus, graphics, videos, animations, vibrations, and/or combinations of two or more of the above. During operation, digital assistant client module 264 communicates with the digital assistant server using communication subsystems 224.
In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 utilizes the various sensors, subsystems and peripheral devices to gather additional information from the surrounding environment of user device 104 to establish a context associated with a user, the current user interaction, and/or the current user input. In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 provides the context information or a subset thereof with the user input to the digital assistant server to help infer the user's intent. In some embodiments, the digital assistant also uses the context information to determine how to prepare and deliver outputs to the user.
In some embodiments, the context information that accompanies the user input includes sensor information, such as lighting, ambient noise, ambient temperature, images or videos of the surrounding environment, and the like. In some embodiments, the context information also includes the physical state of user device 104 (e.g., device orientation, device location, device temperature, power level, speed, acceleration, motion patterns, cellular signals strength, etc.). In some embodiments, information related to the software state of user device 104 (e.g., running processes, installed programs, past and present network activities, background services, error logs, resources usage, etc.) is provided to the digital assistant server as context information associated with a user input.
In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 selectively provides information (e.g., user data 266) stored on user device 104 in response to requests from the digital assistant server. In some embodiments, digital assistant client module 264 also elicits additional input from the user via a natural language dialogue or other user interfaces upon request by digital assistant server 106. Digital assistant client module 264 passes the additional input to digital assistant server 106 to help digital assistant server 106 in intent inference and/or fulfillment of the user's intent expressed in the user request.
In various embodiments, memory 250 includes additional instructions or fewer instructions. Furthermore, various functions of user device 104 may be implemented in hardware and/or in firmware, including in one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.
Digital assistant system 300 includes memory 302, one or more processors 304, an input/output (I/O) interface 306, and a network communications interface 308. These components communicate with one another over one or more communication buses or signal lines 310.
In some embodiments, memory 302 includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as high-speed random access memory and/or a non-volatile storage medium (e.g., one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices).
In some embodiments, I/O interface 306 couples input/output devices 316 of digital assistant system 300, such as displays, keyboards, touch screens, and microphones, to user interface module 322. I/O interface 306, in conjunction with user interface module 322, receives user inputs (e.g., voice input, keyboard inputs, touch inputs, etc.) and processes them accordingly. In some embodiments, digital assistant system 300 includes any of the components and I/O and communication interfaces described with respect to user device 104 in
In some embodiments, network communications interface 308 includes wired communication port(s) 312 and/or wireless transmission and reception circuitry 314. Wired communication port(s) receive and send communication signals via one or more wired interfaces such as Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, and the like. Wireless circuitry 314 receives and sends RF signals and/or optical signals from/to communications networks and other communications devices. The wireless communications, optionally, use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, such as GSM, EDGE, CDMA, TDMA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, VoIP, Wi-MAX, or any other suitable communication protocol. Network communications interface 308 enables communication between digital assistant system 300 and other devices via one or more networks (e.g., the Internet, an intranet, a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) or a metropolitan area network (MAN)).
In some embodiments, memory 302, or the computer readable storage media of memory 302, stores programs, modules, instructions, and data structures including all or a subset of: an operating system 318, a communications module 320, a user interface module 322, one or more applications 324, and a digital assistant module 326. One or more processors 304 execute these programs, modules, and instructions, and reads/writes from/to the data structures.
Operating system 318 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communications between various hardware, firmware, and software components.
Communications module 320 facilitates communications over network communications interface 308 between digital assistant system 300 and other devices. For example, communication module 320, optionally, communicates with communication interface 254 of user device 104 shown in
User interface module 322 receives commands and/or inputs from a user via I/O interface 306 (e.g., from a keyboard, touch screen, pointing device, controller, and/or microphone), and generates user interface objects on a display. User interface module 322 also prepares and delivers outputs (e.g., speech, sound, animation, text, icons, vibrations, haptic feedback, light, etc.) to the user via I/O interface 306 (e.g., through displays, audio channels, speakers, touch-pads, etc.).
The one or more applications 324 include programs and/or modules that are configured to be executed by the one or more processors 304. For example, if the digital assistant system is implemented on a standalone user device, one or more applications 324, optionally, include user applications, such as games, a calendar application, a navigation application, or an email application. If digital assistant system 300 is implemented on a server farm, the one or more applications 324, optionally, include resource management applications, diagnostic applications, or scheduling applications.
Memory 302 also stores digital assistant module 326 (or the server portion of a digital assistant). In some embodiments, digital assistant module 326 includes the following sub-modules, or a subset or superset thereof: an input/output processing module 328, a speech-to-text (STT) processing module 330, a natural language processing module 332, a dialogue flow processing module 340, a task flow processing module 342, a service processing module 346, and a background processing module 350. Each of these modules has access to one or more of the following data and models of the digital assistant 326, or a subset or superset thereof: ontology 334, vocabulary index 336, user data 338, task flow models 344, service models 348, and user log 352.
In some embodiments, using the processing modules, data, and models implemented in digital assistant module 326, digital assistant system 300 performs at least some of the following: identifying a user's intent expressed in a natural language input received from the user; actively eliciting and obtaining information needed to fully infer the user's intent (e.g., by disambiguating words, names, intentions, etc.); determining the task flow for fulfilling the inferred intent; and executing the task flow to fulfill the inferred intent. In some embodiments, the digital assistant also takes appropriate actions when a satisfactory response was not or could not be provided to the user for various reasons.
In some embodiments, as shown in
STT processing module 330 receives speech input (e.g., a user utterance captured in a voice recording) through I/O processing module 328. In some embodiments, STT processing module 330 uses various acoustic and language models to recognize the speech input as a sequence of phonemes, and ultimately, a sequence of words or tokens written in one or more languages. The speech-to-text processing module 330 can be implemented using any suitable speech recognition techniques, acoustic models, and language models such as Hidden Markov Models, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) based speech recognition, and other statistical and/or analytical techniques. In some embodiments, speech-to-text processing can be performed at least partially by a third party service or on the user's device. Once STT processing module 330 obtains the result of the speech-to-text processing (e.g., a sequence of words or tokens), STT processing module 330 passes the result to natural language processing module 332 for intent inference.
More details on the speech-to-text processing are described in U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 13/236,942 for “Consolidating Speech Recognition Results,” filed on Sep. 20, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Natural language processing module 332 (sometimes herein also called a “natural language processor”) of the digital assistant takes the sequence of words or tokens (or token sequence) generated by speech-to-text processing module 330, and attempts to associate the token sequence with one or more actionable intents recognized by the digital assistant. An “actionable intent” represents a task that can be performed by the digital assistant and has an associated task flow implemented in task flow models 344. The associated task flow is a series of programmed actions and steps that the digital assistant takes in order to perform the task. The scope of a digital assistant's capabilities is dependent on the number and variety of task flows that have been implemented and stored in task flow models 344 or, in other words, on the number and variety of actionable intents that the digital assistant recognizes. The effectiveness of the digital assistant, however, is also dependent on the digital assistant's ability to infer the correct actionable intent(s) from the user request expressed in natural language.
In some embodiments, in addition to the token sequence obtained from STT processing module 330, natural language processor 332 also receives context information associated with the user request (e.g., from I/O processing module 328). Natural language processor 332, optionally, uses the context information to clarify, supplement, and/or further define the information contained in the token sequence received from STT processing module 330. The context information includes, for example, user preferences, hardware and/or software states of the user device, sensor information collected before, during, or shortly after the user request, prior interactions (e.g., dialogue) between the digital assistant and the user, and the like.
In some embodiments, the natural language processing is based on ontology 334. Ontology 334 is a hierarchical structure containing many nodes, each node representing either an “actionable intent” or a “property” relevant to one or more of the “actionable intents” or other “properties.” As noted above, an “actionable intent” represents a task that the digital assistant is capable of performing (i.e., it is actionable or can be acted on). A “property” represents a parameter associated with an actionable intent or a sub-aspect of another property. A linkage between an actionable intent node and a property node in ontology 334 defines how a parameter represented by the property node pertains to the task represented by the actionable intent node.
In some embodiments, ontology 334 is made up of actionable intent nodes and property nodes. Within ontology 334, each actionable intent node is linked to one or more property nodes either directly or through one or more intermediate property nodes. Similarly, each property node is linked to one or more actionable intent nodes either directly or through one or more intermediate property nodes. For example, as shown in
An actionable intent node, along with its linked property nodes, is sometimes described as a “domain.” In the present discussion, each domain is associated with a respective actionable intent, and refers to the group of nodes (and the relationships therebetween) associated with the particular actionable intent. For example, ontology 334 shown in
While
In some embodiments, the ontology 334 includes all the domains (and hence actionable intents) that the digital assistant is capable of understanding and acting upon. In some embodiments, ontology 334 is optionally modified, such as by adding or removing entire domains or nodes, or by modifying relationships between the nodes within ontology 334.
In some embodiments, nodes associated with multiple related actionable intents are optionally clustered under a “super domain” in ontology 334. For example, a “travels” super domain optionally includes a cluster of property nodes and actionable intent nodes related to travel. The actionable intent nodes related to travel optionally include “airline reservation,” “hotel reservation,” “car rental,” “get directions,” “find points of interest,” and so on. The actionable intent nodes under the same super domain (e.g., the “travels” super domain) sometimes have many property nodes in common. For example, the actionable intent nodes for “airline reservation,” “hotel reservation,” “car rental,” “get directions,” “find points of interest” sometimes share one or more of the property nodes “start location,” “destination,” “departure date/time,” “arrival date/time,” and “party size.”
In some embodiments, each node in ontology 334 is associated with a set of words and/or phrases that are relevant to the property or actionable intent represented by the node. The respective set of words and/or phrases associated with each node is the so-called “vocabulary” associated with the node. The respective set of words and/or phrases associated with each node can be stored in vocabulary index 336 in association with the property or actionable intent represented by the node. For example, returning to
Natural language processor 332 receives the token sequence (e.g., a text string) from speech-to-text processing module 330, and determines what nodes are implicated by the words in the token sequence. In some embodiments, if a word or phrase in the token sequence is found to be associated with one or more nodes in ontology 334 (via vocabulary index 336), the word or phrase will “trigger” or “activate” those nodes. Based on the quantity and/or relative importance of the activated nodes, natural language processor 332 will select one of the actionable intents as the task that the user intended the digital assistant to perform. In some embodiments, the domain that has the most “triggered” nodes is selected. In some embodiments, the domain having the highest confidence value (e.g., based on the relative importance of its various triggered nodes) is selected. In some embodiments, the domain is selected based on a combination of the number and the importance of the triggered nodes. In some embodiments, additional factors are considered in selecting the node as well, such as whether the digital assistant has previously correctly interpreted a similar request from a user.
In some embodiments, the digital assistant also stores names of specific entities in vocabulary index 336, so that when one of these names is detected in the user request, natural language processor 332 will be able to recognize that the name refers to a specific instance of a property or sub-property in the ontology. In some embodiments, the names of specific entities are names of businesses, restaurants, people, movies, and the like. In some embodiments, the digital assistant searches and identifies specific entity names from other data sources, such as the user's address book, a movies database, a musicians database, and/or a restaurant database. In some embodiments, when natural language processor 332 identifies that a word in the token sequence is a name of a specific entity (e.g., a name in the user's address book), that word is given additional significance in selecting the actionable intent within the ontology for the user request.
For example, when the words “Mr. Santo” are recognized in a user request and the last name “Santo” is found in vocabulary index 336 as one of the contacts in the user's address book, then it is likely that the user request corresponds to a “send a message” or an “initiate a phone call” domain. For another example, when the words “ABC Café” are found in a user request and the term “ABC Café” is found in the vocabulary index 336 as the name of a particular restaurant in the user's city, then it is likely that the user request corresponds to a “restaurant reservation” or a “find restaurants” domain.
User data 338 includes user-specific information, such as user-specific vocabulary, user preferences, user address or home location, user's default and secondary languages, user's address book, and other short-term or long-term information for each user. In some embodiments, natural language processor 332 uses the user-specific information to supplement the information contained in a user input to further define the user intent. For example, for a user request “invite my friends to my birthday party,” natural language processor 332 is able to access user data 338 to determine who the “friends” are and when and where the “birthday party” would be held, rather than requiring the user to provide such information explicitly in his/her request.
Other details of searching an ontology based on a token string is described in U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 12/341,743 for “Method and Apparatus for Searching Using An Active Ontology,” filed Dec. 22, 2008, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In some embodiments, once natural language processor 332 identifies an actionable intent (or domain) based on the user request, natural language processor 332 generates a structured query to represent the identified actionable intent. In some embodiments, the structured query includes parameters for one or more nodes within the domain for the actionable intent, and at least some of the parameters are populated with the specific information and requirements specified in the user request. For example, the user states to the DA, “Make me a dinner reservation at a sushi place at 7.” In this case, natural language processor 332 may be able to correctly identify the actionable intent to be “restaurant reservation” based on the user input. According to the ontology, a structured query for a “restaurant reservation” domain optionally includes parameters such as {Cuisine}, {Time}, {Date}, {Party Size}, and the like. In some embodiments, based on the information contained in the user's utterance, natural language processor 332 generates a partial structured query for the restaurant reservation domain, where the partial structured query includes the parameters {Cuisine=“Sushi”} and {Time=“7 PM”}. In this example, the user's utterance, however, contains insufficient information to complete the structured query associated with the domain. Therefore, other necessary parameters such as {Party Size} and {Date} are not specified in the structured query based on the information currently available. In some embodiments, natural language processor 332 populates some parameters of the structured query with received context information. For example, in some embodiments, if the user requested a sushi restaurant “near me,” natural language processor 332 populates a {location} parameter in the structured query with GPS coordinates from user device 104.
In some embodiments, natural language processor 332 passes the structured query (including any completed parameters) to task flow processing module 342 (sometimes herein also called a “task flow processor”). Task flow processor 342 is configured to receive the structured query from natural language processor 332, complete the structured query, if necessary, and perform the actions required to “complete” the user's ultimate request. In some embodiments, the various procedures necessary to complete these tasks are provided in task flow models 344. In some embodiments, task flow models 344 include procedures for obtaining additional information from the user, and task flows for performing actions associated with the actionable intent.
As described above, in order to complete a structured query, task flow processor 342 sometimes needs to initiate additional dialogue with the user in order to obtain additional information, and/or disambiguate potentially ambiguous utterances. When such interactions are necessary, task flow processor 342 invokes dialogue processing module 340 (sometimes herein also called a “dialogue processor”) to engage in a dialogue with the user. In some embodiments, dialogue processor 340 determines how (and/or when) to ask the user for the additional information, and receives and processes the user responses. The questions are provided to and answers are received from the users through I/O processing module 328. In some embodiments, dialogue processor 340 presents dialogue output to the user via audio and/or visual output, and receives input from the user via spoken or physical (e.g., clicking) responses. Continuing with the example above, when task flow processor 342 invokes dialogue flow processor 340 to determine the “party size” and “date” information for the structured query associated with the domain “restaurant reservation,” dialogue flow processor 335 generates questions, such as “For how many people?” and “On which day?,” to pass to the user. Once answers are received from the user, the dialogue flow processor 340 can then populate the structured query with the missing information, or pass the information to task flow processor 342 to complete the missing information from the structured query.
Once task flow processor 342 has completed the structured query for an actionable intent, task flow processor 342 proceeds to perform the ultimate task associated with the actionable intent. Accordingly, task flow processor 342 executes the steps and instructions in the task flow model according to the specific parameters contained in the structured query. For example, the task flow model for the actionable intent of “restaurant reservation,” optionally, includes steps and instructions for contacting a restaurant and actually requesting a reservation for a particular party size at a particular time. For example, using a structured query, such as {restaurant reservation, restaurant=ABC Café, date=Mar. 12, 2012, time=7 PM, party size=5}, task flow processor 342, optionally, performs the steps of: (1) logging onto a server of the ABC Café or a restaurant reservation system such as OPENTABLE®; (2) entering the date, time, and party size information in a form on the website; (3) submitting the form; and (4) making a calendar entry for the reservation in the user's calendar.
In some embodiments, task flow processor 342 employs the assistance of a service processing module 346 (sometimes herein also called a “service processor”) to complete a task requested in the user input or to provide an informational answer requested in the user input. For example, service processor 346 can act on behalf of task flow processor 342 to make a phone call, set a calendar entry, invoke a map search, invoke or interact with other user applications installed on the user device, and invoke or interact with third party services (e.g., a restaurant reservation portal, a social networking website, a banking portal, etc.). In some embodiments, the protocols and application programming interfaces (API) required by each service can be specified by a respective service model among services models 348. Service processor 346 accesses the appropriate service model for a service and generates requests for the service in accordance with the protocols and APIs required by the service according to the service model.
For example, if a restaurant has enabled an online reservation service, the restaurant can submit a service model specifying the necessary parameters for making a reservation and the APIs for communicating the values of the necessary parameter to the online reservation service. When requested by task flow processor 342, service processor 346 can establish a network connection with the online reservation service using the web address stored in the service model, and send the necessary parameters of the reservation (e.g., time, date, party size) to the online reservation interface in a format according to the API of the online reservation service.
In some embodiments, natural language processor 332, dialogue processor 340, and task flow processor 342 are used collectively and iteratively to infer and define the user's intent, obtain information to further clarify and refine the user intent, and finally generate a response (e.g., an output to the user, or the completion of a task) to fulfill the user's intent.
In some embodiments, after all of the tasks needed to fulfill the user's request have been performed, digital assistant 326 formulates a confirmation response, and sends the response to the user through the I/O processing module 328. If the user request seeks an informational answer, the confirmation response presents the requested information to the user. In some embodiments, the digital assistant also requests the user to indicate whether the user is satisfied with the response produced by digital assistant 326.
In some embodiments, the digital assistant 326 includes a persistence module 350 with context history 352 and conversation history 354. The persistence module 350 is configured to enable conversation and/or context persistence across two or more non-continuous instances of a digital assistant. Persistence module 350 is discussed in more detail below with reference to
More details on the digital assistant can be found in the U.S. utility application Ser. No. 12/987,982, entitled “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” filed Jan. 18, 2010, and also in U.S. utility Application No. 61/493,201, entitled “Generating and Processing Data Items That Represent Tasks to Perform,” filed Jun. 3, 2011, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
More details on the audibly invoking a digital assistant are described in U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/762,260 , filed on Feb. 7, 2013, entitled “Voice Trigger for a Digital Assistant,” the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Context persistence module 420 is configured to enable the persistence of contextual information across more than one instance of the DA. In some embodiments, context information from a previous instance (or session) of a DA user interface is used in intent inference by natural language processor 332 during a subsequent instance of the DA user interface. For example, while in a first instance of a DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “What is the weather in New York City?” In response to the user request, the DA indicates the current temperature and prevailing weather in New York City. Subsequently, the user leaves the first instance of the DA user interface, goes to a user interface different from the DA user interface (e.g., the home screen of the device, the lock screen of the device, or an application separate from the DA), and re-enters the DA user interface in a second instance of the DA user interface at a time following (or later than) exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. While in the second instance of the DA user interface, the user asks the DA, “What about in DC?” The DA is enabled to use contextual information corresponding to the dialogue between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface to answer the user's question in the second instance of the DA user interface. For example, the DA maintains the “weather” context while in the second instance of the DA user interface and responds to the user's request by visually and/or audibly presenting the current temperature and prevailing weather in Washington, D.C.
Context persistence module 420 includes context history 352 and a first condition module 422. Context history 352 is a short term, or cache, memory that stores contextual information from one or more previous instances of the DA. In some embodiments, context history 352 is separate from user log 356 and only stores contextual information related to dialogue between the DA and the user. In some embodiments, context history 352 is stored in DA-server 106 of server system 108 (e.g., in data 116 of DA-sever 106). First condition module 422 triggers the usage of contextual information stored in context history 352 in a second instance of a DA as long as a first predetermined condition is satisfied. In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is a context expiration time period (e.g., one minute). For example, contextual information from a first instance of a DA is used in a second instance of the DA as long as the second instance of the DA is invoked within one minute of leaving the first instance of the DA. In some embodiments, if the first predetermined condition is not satisfied (e.g., the content expiration time period expires), the contextual information related to the first instance of the DA is deleted from context history 352.
Conversation persistence module 430 is configured to enable the persistence of conversation (or dialogue) information across more than one instance of the DA. In some embodiments, conversation information including at least a portion of a transcript of a dialogue between a user and a DA in a previous instance of a DA user interface is available for display in a subsequent instance of the DA user interface. For example, while in a first instance of a DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “Show me nearby Pakistani restaurants,” and receives a list of six Pakistani restaurants within a ten mile radius of the user's current location. Subsequently, the user leaves the first instance of the DA user interface, goes to a user interface different from the DA user interface (e.g., the home screen of the device, the lock screen of the device, or an application separate from the DA), and re-enters the DA user interface in a second instance of the DA user interface. While in the second instance of the DA user interface, the list of six Pakistani restaurants is available for display. In some embodiments, a fraction of the previous dialogue between the user and the DA is displayed, or a peek through of the previous dialogue between the user and the DA is displayed under a partially transparent banner. In some embodiments, the remainder of the dialogue between the user and the DA from the first instance of the DA user interface is available for display by scrolling up while in the second instance of the DA user interface.
Conversation persistence module 430 includes conversation history 354 and a second condition module 432. Conversation history 354 is a short term, or cache, memory that stores conversation information including a transcript of a dialogue between the user and the DA from one or more previous instances of the DA. In some embodiments, conversation history 354 is a separate memory from context history 352. In some other embodiments, conversation history 354 and context history 352 are included in the same memory. In some embodiments, conversation history 354 is stored in DA-server 106 of server system 108 (e.g., in data 116 of DA-sever 106). Second condition module 432 triggers the usage of conversation information stored in conversation history 354 in a second instance of a DA as long as a second predetermined condition is satisfied. In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is a conversation expiration time period (e.g., eight minutes). For example, conversation information (e.g., a transcript of dialogue) from a first instance of a DA is available for display in a second instance of the DA as long as the second instance of the DA is invoked within eight minutes of leaving the first instance of the DA. In some embodiments, if the second predetermined condition is not satisfied (e.g., the conversation expiration time period expires), the conversation information related to the first instance of the DA is deleted from conversation history 354.
Although
Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) that are, optionally, implemented on user device 104.
It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in
More details on the display of related information within an instance of a DA user interface are described in U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/657,736 , filed on Jun. 8, 2012, entitled “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In some implementations, conversation expiration timer 528 is an eight minute timer that starts upon the user exiting the DA user interface. In some other implementations, conversation expiration timer 528 is a predetermined duration (e.g., 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc. minutes) or a user defined duration. If the user invokes a subsequent instance of the DA within eight minutes second of exiting the DA user interface (or, more generally, before conversation expiration timer 528 expires), a portion of the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA is available for display in the subsequent instance of the DA user interface. If the user does not invoke a subsequent instance of the DA before conversation expiration timer 528 expires (e.g., within eight minutes second of exiting the DA user interface), the aforementioned portion of the transcript of the dialogue (or conversation) between the user and the DA from the previous instance of the DA is not available for display in the subsequent instance of the DA user interface.
As shown in
In some embodiments, if a respective topic is minimized within the collapsible directory structure, contextual information for portions of the dialogue related to the respective topic are excluded from context history. In turn, the excluded contextual information is not used in intent inference by natural language processor 332 when the DA is attempting to respond to a user's question or request.
As transcribed in box 544, the DA responds to the user's question by stating, “Would you like me to search the web for ‘What about in Paris France’?” The second instance of the DA user interface also displays a “search the web” button 545 which is configured to execute a web search for ‘What about in Paris France.’ In
In some embodiments, contextual information from the first instance of the digital user interface is invoked when at least a portion of the first dialogue between the DA and the user from the first instance of the DA user interface is displayed in user interface 503 on touch screen 112 in response to a user action (e.g., a tap or swipe gesture on touch screen 112). In
In
In
In some embodiments, prior to displaying the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, the electronic device: detects (602) a prior request to invoke the digital assistant; detects a speech input; and provides a transcription of the speech input, where the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.
The electronic device displays (604) a first dialogue (e.g., a transcription of interactions between the user of user device 104 and the DA) in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface. In some embodiments, a user interface is an application environment. In some embodiments, the DA user interface occupies the entirety of touch screen 246 of user device 104.
In response to a request to display a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the electronic device displays (606) the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, in response to the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, the electronic device ceases (608) to display the digital assistant user interface (e.g., all vestiges of the DA user interface are removed from touch screen 246).
In some embodiments, the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds (610) to a user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface (e.g., the user touches or clicks the home button).
In some embodiments, the user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds (612) to a request to launch an application.
In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface does not correspond (614) to the digital assistant (e.g., the user interface different from the DA user interface is not suggested or linked by the DA). In
In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface is associated with (616) an application distinct from the digital assistant (e.g., a programmatic boundary is crossed). For example, in response to user input 525 over home button 509 in
In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, the electronic device displays (618) a second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In some embodiments, the second instance of the DA user interface is displayed at a time following (or later than) exiting the first instance of the DA user interface. For example, in response to the long press with user touch input 526 over home button 509 in
In some embodiments, the electronic device (620): stores context data (sometimes herein called “contextual information” or “context information”) associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determines whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, uses the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. For example, while in the first instance of the DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “What's the weather in New York City,” receives a response, and exits the first instance of the DA user interface. Thereafter, the user invokes a second instance of the DA and asks the DA, “How about in San Francisco.” In this example, the DA stores the weather topic (or context) from the first instance of the DA user interface in the DA's context history for the user and utilizes the weather context in the context history when responding to the user's question in the second instance of the DA user interface as long as the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a first predetermined condition.
In another example, while in the first instance of the DA user interface, a user asks the DA, “What is the weather in New York City,” receives a response, and exits the first instance of the DA user interface. Thereafter, the user invokes a second instance of the DA and asks the DA, “Show me pizzerias.” In this example, the DA stores the geographic (e.g., New York City) context from the first instance of the DA user interface in the DA's context history for the user and utilizes the geographic context in the context history when responding to the user's question in the second instance of the DA user interface as long as the request to invoke the second instance of the DA satisfies a first predetermined condition.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is satisfied (622) when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period. For example, while in the first instance of the DA user interface, user device 104 stores contextual information corresponding to the dialogue related to the weather context displayed in
In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?”
In some embodiments, the electronic device deletes (624) the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period. In some embodiments, the predetermined context expiration time period expires about sixty seconds after the user device exits the first instance of the DA. For example, in
In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA, “What about in Paris France?”
In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is not satisfied (626) when the electronic device is locked. In some embodiments, contextual information from a previous instance of a DA user interface does not persist when the device is locked. Even though the DA can be accessed while the device is locked, context and conversation information does not persist from a previous instance of the DA user interface. Typically, this is for security or privacy reasons because a user of user device 104 may not want context or conversation information from a previous instance of the DA user interface to be available to a third party who cannot unlock user device 104.
In some embodiments, the electronic device (628): determines whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a second predetermined condition; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the second predetermined condition, displays the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, including displaying the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the second predetermined condition, displays the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without making the first dialogue available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In a first example, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in
In a second example, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied (630) when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined conversation expiration time period. In some embodiments, the conversation expiration time period begins once the user exits the first instance of the DA user interface. In some embodiments, the conversation expiration time period is a predetermined amount of time (e.g., 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, or 30 minutes). Typically, the conversation expiration time period is 8 minutes. In some other embodiments, the conversation expiration time period is a user defined time period.
In some embodiments, the electronic device (632): stores context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determines whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition, where the first predetermined condition is satisfied if the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, uses the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and deletes the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period, where the predetermined context expiration time period is shorter than the predetermined dialogue expiration time period. In some embodiments, the displayed dialogue is not tied to the context data stored in a context history (e.g., stored on a remote server). Typically, the context expiration time period is sixty seconds and the conversation expiration time period is eight minutes.
In one example, in response to a request to invoke a second instance of the DA (e.g., a long press over home button 509 with user touch input 526 in
In the second instance of the DA user interface, for example, the user asks the DA “What about in Paris France?”
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is not satisfied (634) when the electronic device is locked. In some embodiments, conversation information (or a portion of the dialogue) from a previous instance of a DA user interface does not persist when the device is locked (e.g., for security reasons). Even though the DA can be accessed while the device is locked, context and conversation information does not persist from a previous instance of the DA user interface. However, if the user device enters a locked state, the user subsequently unlocks the user device, and the user invokes a second instance the DA within conversation expiration time period, then context and conversation information persist in the second instance of the DA.
For example, after user device 104 displays a first instance of the DA user interface in
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition comprises a condition that is satisfied (636) when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received prior to detection of a predetermined number of user interactions (e.g., touch events or user-requested application changes) with the electronic device after displaying the first dialogue. In some embodiments, the conversation expiration timer (e.g., conversation time-out), discussed above, and a predetermined number of touch events (e.g., conversation touch-out) are alternative sufficient conditions for not displaying a portion of the conversation (or dialogue) from the first instance of the DA user interface in the second instance of the DA user interface.
In some embodiments, the electronic device (638): displays a first affordance (affordances are sometimes herein called user interface objects or buttons) in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface (e.g., a “see more” button or an “older” button); detects a user selection of the first affordance; and in response to the user selection of the first affordance, displays at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the electronic device displays (640) at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In some embodiments, the last line or a fraction of the first dialogue (e.g., a peek through) is displayed at the top of the screen or underneath a semi-transparent top banner (e.g., the top banner includes a carrier, signal strength, battery life and time). For example, in
In some embodiments, the second dialogue includes (642) a user query to the digital assistant, and the electronic device: stores context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; and while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, and in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, responds to the user query to the digital assistant, in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, using the stored context data while determining a response to the user query. In a first instance of a DA user interface,
In some embodiments, the predetermined context condition is satisfied (644) when, in response to a user action performed during display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface. In one example,
In another example,
In a further example,
In some embodiments, the electronic device (646): displays a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue (e.g., a sub-portion is an idea/topic, sentence, phrase, or word); detects a user selection of the second affordance; and in response to the user selection of the second affordance, ceases to display at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue. In some embodiments, a collapsible directory-like structure is provided in the second instance of the DA user interface whereby a user is enabled to minimize portions of the displayed dialogue. However, after minimization of a respective sub-portion, a title/topic name for the respective sub-portion remains displayed.
In some embodiments, in response to the user selection of the second affordance, the electronic device excludes (648) context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from a context history of the digital assistant. In some embodiments, when a user minimizes a sub-portion of the first dialogue, contextual information corresponding to that sub-portion is not utilized when the DA infers user intent for a subsequent request. After the user minimizes weather topic 533 in
It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in
In some embodiments, after user 710 exits the first instance of the DA on device 104c, user 710 invokes a second instance of the DA on device 104d. The second instance of the DA includes a dialogue between user 710 and DA-client 102d. In some embodiments, during the second instance of the DA, DA-client 102d is enabled to access context and conversation information from the first instance of the DA that is stored in server system 108. In some embodiments, DA-client 102d is enabled to utilize the stored context information for intent inference and the stored conversation information for display in the second instance of the DA.
Although
At a first device, the first device displays (802) a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant. For example, device 104c, shown in
At a second device different from the first device, in response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on the second device, the second device displays (804) a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface. For example, in response to a request from user 710 to invoke the DA on device 104d, device 104d, shown in
It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in
In accordance with some embodiments,
As shown in
Processing unit 908 is configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) a first dialogue in a first instance of a digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902. In response to a request to enable display of a user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant, processing unit 908 is further configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) a second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902, including enabling display of a second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, prior to enabling display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is further configured to detect (e.g., with DA invoking unit 912) a prior request to invoke the digital assistant. Prior to enabling display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, sound receiving unit 904 is configured to detect a speech input. Prior to enabling display of the first instance of the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is further configured to provide (e.g., with providing unit 914) a transcription of the speech input, where the first dialogue includes the transcription of the speech input.
In some embodiments, in response to the request to enable display of the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface, processing unit 908 is configured to cease display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of a first affordance in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902; detect (e.g., with detecting unit 916) a user selection of the first affordance on the touch screen display unit 902; and in response to the user selection of the first affordance, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of at least a portion of the first dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of a second affordance corresponding to a respective sub-portion of the first dialogue on touch screen display unit 902; detect (e.g., with detecting unit 916) a user selection of the second affordance on touch screen display unit 902; and in response to the user selection of the second affordance, cease display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of at least some of the respective sub-portion of the first dialogue on touch screen display unit 902.
In some embodiments, in response to the user selection of the second affordance, processing unit 908 is configured to exclude (e.g., with excluding unit 918) context data associated with the sub-portion of the first dialogue from a context history of the digital assistant.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: store (e.g., with storing unit 920) context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determine (e.g., with determining unit 922) whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, use (e.g., with utilizing unit 924) the stored context data while enabling display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to delete (e.g., with deleting unit 926) the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined condition is not satisfied when the electronic device is locked.
In some embodiments, the second dialogue includes a user query to the digital assistant, and processing unit 908 is configured to: store (e.g., with storing unit 920) context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; and while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, respond (e.g., with responding unit 928) to the user query to the digital assistant, in accordance with a determination that a predetermined context condition has been satisfied, using the stored context data while determining a response to the user query.
In some embodiments, the predetermined context condition is satisfied when, in response to a user action performed during display of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, at least a portion of the first dialogue is displayed in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: determine (e.g., with determining unit 922) whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a second predetermined condition; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the second predetermined condition, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface on touch screen display unit 902, including enabling display of the second dialogue in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface, where the first dialogue remains available for display in the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant does not satisfy the second predetermined condition, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 910) of the second instance of the digital assistant user interface without making the first dialogue available for display on touch screen display unit 902.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined conversation expiration time period.
In some embodiments, processing unit 908 is configured to: store (e.g., with storing unit 920) context data associated with the first dialogue in a context history of the digital assistant; determine (e.g., with determining unit 922) whether the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies a first predetermined condition, where the first predetermined condition is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received within a predetermined context expiration time period; in accordance with a determination that the request to invoke the digital assistant satisfies the first predetermined condition, use (e.g., with utilizing unit 924) the stored context data while displaying the second instance of the digital assistant user interface; and delete (e.g., with deleting unit 926) the context data associated with the first dialogue from the context history upon expiration of the predetermined context expiration time period, where the predetermined context expiration time period is shorter than the predetermined conversation expiration time period.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition is not satisfied when electronic device 900 is locked.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined condition comprises a condition that is satisfied when the request to invoke the digital assistant is received prior to detection of a predetermined number of user interactions with the electronic device after displaying the first dialogue.
In some embodiments, the request to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface.
In some embodiments, the user input to display the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface corresponds to a request to launch an application.
In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface does not correspond to the digital assistant.
In some embodiments, the user interface different from the digital assistant user interface is associated with an application distinct from the digital assistant.
In accordance with some embodiments,
As shown in
A second electronic device 1020 includes a touch screen display unit 1022 configured to display a user interface and to receive touch input, and a sound receiving unit 1024 configured to receive sound input. In some embodiments, second electronic device 1020, optionally, includes a speaker unit 1026 configured to generate sound. Second electronic device 1020 also includes a processing unit 1028 coupled to touch screen display unit 1022 and sound receiving unit 1024 (and, optionally, coupled to speaker unit 1026). In some embodiments, processing unit 1028 includes a display enabling unit 1030.
Processing unit 1008 of first electronic device 1000 is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 1010) of a first dialogue in a first user interface of a digital assistant on touch screen display unit 1002. In response to a request to invoke the digital assistant on second electronic device 1020, processing unit 1028 of second electronic device 1020 is configured to enable display of (e.g., with display enabling unit 1030) a second dialogue in a second user interface of the digital assistant on touch screen display unit 1022, where the first dialogue is available for display in the second user interface.
The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific implementations. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed implementations to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The implementations were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles and practical applications of the disclosed ideas, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize them with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first speech input could be termed a second speech input, and, similarly, a second speech input could be termed a first speech input, without changing the meaning of the description, so long as all occurrences of the “first speech input” are renamed consistently and all occurrences of the “second speech input” are renamed consistently. The first speech input and the second speech input are both speech inputs, but they are not the same speech input.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of the claims. As used in the description of the implementations and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
As used herein, the term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in accordance with a determination” or “in response to detecting,” that a stated condition precedent is true, depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined [that a stated condition precedent is true]” or “if [a stated condition precedent is true]” or “when [a stated condition precedent is true]” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “upon a determination that” or “in response to determining” or “in accordance with a determination” or “upon detecting” or “in response to detecting” that the stated condition precedent is true, depending on the context.
This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Ser. No. 61/832,898, filed on Jun. 9, 2013, entitled DEVICE, METHOD, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR ENABLING CONVERSATION PERSISTENCE ACROSS TWO OR MORE INSTANCES OF A DIGITAL ASSISTANT, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140365885 A1 | Dec 2014 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61832898 | Jun 2013 | US |
