Patent Application
20200275900
The related application number 2016-163725, Diagnostic Imaging Apparatus, Aug. 24, 2016, Kazushige Tachibana, Atsushi Ohtani, and Tetsuro Mizuta, upon which this patent application is based, is hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a diagnostic imaging apparatus.
A diagnostic imaging apparatus including an imager that images a target to be imaged is known in general, as disclosed in International Publication No. 2011/125212, for example.
International Publication No. 2011/125212 discloses a PET apparatus that includes a whole-body PET (Positron Emission Tomography) apparatus including a whole-body PET detector that detects annihilation radiations, and a part-specific PET apparatus including a part-specific (head or breast) PET detector that detects annihilation radiations. In this PET apparatus, the part-specific PET apparatus corresponding to a specific part that requires detailed imaging is provided in the whole-body PET apparatus such that it is possible to image a wide range while imaging a specific part in detail.
However, in the PET apparatus described in International Publication No. 2011/125212, in order to image different specific parts in detail, separate part-specific PET apparatuses corresponding to imaging of the respective specific parts are required. Therefore, the number of components disadvantageously increases, and the apparatus structure disadvantageously becomes complex.
The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the aforementioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a diagnostic imaging apparatus in which an increase in the number of components and the complex apparatus structure can be significantly reduced or prevented.
In order to attain the aforementioned object, a diagnostic imaging apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes an imaging unit including an imager that images a target to be imaged, and a rotation mechanism that rotates the imaging unit to switch the imaging unit to a first state in which a first target area to be imaged of the target is imaged and a second state in which a second target area to be imaged of the target different from the first target area to be imaged is imaged.
As described above, the diagnostic imaging apparatus according to this aspect of the present invention includes the rotation mechanism that rotates the imaging unit to switch the imaging unit to the first state in which the first target area to be imaged of the target is imaged and the second state in which the second target area to be imaged of the target different from the first target area to be imaged is imaged. Accordingly, the imaging unit is rotated by the rotation mechanism such that the imaging unit can be switched to states in which different target areas to be imaged are imaged, and thus it is not necessary to provide a dedicated imaging unit for each target area to be imaged. Consequently, in the diagnostic imaging apparatus, an increase in the number of components and the complex apparatus structure can be significantly reduced or prevented.
In the aforementioned imaging apparatus according to this aspect, the imaging unit preferably further includes an imaging region in which the first target area to be imaged is placed in the first state and the second target area to be imaged is placed in the second state, and the imager preferably surrounds the imaging region. According to this structure, the first target area to be imaged or the second target area to be imaged placed in the imaging region can be reliably imaged by the imager that surround the imaging region.
The aforementioned diagnostic imaging apparatus according to this aspect preferably further includes a bed on which a human body as the target to be imaged is placed in a recumbent position, and the rotation mechanism preferably includes a rotary shaft that extends, in the imaging unit, in a short-side direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the bed and about which the imaging unit is rotated. According to this structure, as compared with the case in which the rotary shaft extends in the longitudinal direction, an increase in the sizes of the rotary shaft and the rotation mechanism can be significantly reduced or prevented, and thus an increase in the size of the diagnostic imaging apparatus can be further significantly reduced or prevented.
In the aforementioned structure in which the rotation mechanism includes the rotary shaft, the imaging unit preferably further includes an imaging region in which a head of the human body in the recumbent position as the first target area to be imaged is placed in the first state and a breast of the human body in the recumbent position as the second target area to be imaged is placed in the second state, and the rotary shaft is preferably provided in a vicinity of an opening of the imaging region on a side opposite to the bed in the imaging unit in the first state. According to this structure, the rotary shaft is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the imaging region on the side opposite to the bed such that approach of the rotation range of the imaging unit to the bed can be significantly reduced or prevented, and thus inhibition of rotation of the imaging unit by the bed can be significantly reduced or prevented. Furthermore, the rotary shaft is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the imaging region such that the imaging region can be located within the narrow rotation range around the rotary shaft, and thus spacing apart of the imaging region from the bed can be significantly reduced or prevented.
In the aforementioned structure in which the rotation mechanism includes the rotary shaft, the imaging unit preferably further includes an imaging region in which a head of the human body in the recumbent position as the first target area to be imaged is placed in the first state and a breast of the human body in the recumbent position as the second target area to be imaged is placed in the second state, and the rotary shaft is preferably provided in a vicinity of an opening of the imaging region on the bed side in the imaging unit in the first state. According to this structure, the rotary shaft is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the imaging region on the bed side such that protrusion of a portion that supports the rotary shaft of the rotation mechanism to the side of the diagnostic imaging apparatus opposite to the bed can be significantly reduced or prevented, and thus an increase in the size of the diagnostic imaging apparatus can be significantly reduced or prevented. Furthermore, the rotary shaft is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the imaging region such that the imaging region can be located within the narrow rotation range around the rotary shaft, and thus spacing apart of the imaging region from the bed can be significantly reduced or prevented.
In the aforementioned structure in which the rotary shaft is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the imaging region, the rotary shaft is preferably provided at substantially a same height as that of an upper surface of the bed. According to this structure, the rotary shaft is provided at substantially the same height as that of the upper surface of the bed such that spacing apart of the imaging region from the upper surface of the bed can be significantly reduced or prevented as compared with the case in which the rotary shaft is provided at a height spaced apart from the upper surface of the bed.
The aforementioned structure further including the bed preferably further includes a headrest detachably attached to an end of the bed on the imaging unit side and that supports a head of the human body. According to this structure, when the headrest is attached to the end of the bed on the imaging unit side, the position of the headrest is adjusted such that the head of the recumbent human body can be placed at an appropriate position in the imaging region. Consequently, when the head of the recumbent human body is imaged as the target area to be imaged, the head of the recumbent human body can be easily imaged by the imager. Furthermore, the headrest is detached from the end of the bed on the imaging unit side such that it is possible to prevent the headrest from interfering with rotation of the imaging unit.
In the aforementioned structure further including the bed, the imaging unit preferably includes a support that extends in a direction away from the bed in the second state and supports the human body. Here, when the vicinity of the center of the human body such as the chest is imaged as the second target area to be imaged, a portion of the human body is located in a direction away from the bed relative to the imaging region of the imaging unit. Therefore, in the present invention, the support that extends in the direction away from the bed and supports the human body is provided in the imaging unit in the second state such that when the vicinity of the center of the human body is imaged as the second target area to be imaged, the recumbent human body can be supported by the support that extends in the direction away from the bed. Consequently, the human body can be securely kept in a recumbent position, and thus the second target area to be imaged can be stably imaged.
In the aforementioned diagnostic imaging apparatus according to this aspect, the first target area to be imaged is preferably a head of the human body in a supine position, the imager preferably surrounds the head of the human body within a vertical plane in the first state, the second target area to be imaged is preferably a breast of the human body in a prone position, and the imager preferably surrounds the breast of the human body within a horizontal plane in the second state. According to this structure, the head of the supine human body can be stably and reliably imaged. Furthermore, the breast of the human body can hang downward in a prone position, and thus a wide range of the breast of the human body can be stably and reliably imaged.
The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiments of the present invention are hereinafter described with reference to the drawings.
The structure of a PET apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is now described with reference to
The PET apparatus 100 is an apparatus that captures an image inside a human body T, using a drug labeled with a positron emitting nuclide. Specifically, the PET apparatus 100 acquires a position at which pair annihilation of the drug occurs by detecting a pair of gamma rays (radiations) generated by the pair annihilation of electrons and positrons of the drug. Furthermore, the PET apparatus 100 forms (captures) the image inside the human body T by acquiring a plurality of positions at which the pair annihilation of the drug occurs. The formed image is used in image diagnosis for determining the presence or absence of cancer cells, for example. The human body T is an example of a “target to be imaged” in the claims.
In the first embodiment, the PET apparatus 100 can switch between a head imaging state of imaging the head T1 of the supine human body T and a breast imaging state of imaging the breast T2 of the prone human body T. In the first embodiment, the structure of the PET apparatus 100 in the head imaging state shown in
As shown in
The imaging unit 1 is disposed on one side (X1 side) of the bed 2 in an X direction. Furthermore, as shown in
In the housing 10, as shown in
A head support 10b is provided on the X1 side (the side opposite to the bed 2) of the housing 10. In the head imaging state shown in
The detectors 11 detect (collect) the gamma rays generated by the pair annihilation of the drug and transmit a detection signal to the image processor 5 via the controller 4. As shown in
As shown in
The bed 2 includes a top board 20 and a base 21 that supports the top board 20. As shown in
The base 21 is disposed below the top board 20. The base 21 moves the top board 20 in an upward-downward direction (Z direction) and the longitudinal direction (X direction) while maintaining the horizontal state of the upper surface 20a of the top board 20. As shown in
As shown in
The pair of support walls 31 sandwich the imaging unit 1 in the short-side direction. The support walls 31 extend in the upward-downward direction.
In the first embodiment, the rotation mechanism 3 rotates the imaging unit 1 in the head imaging state shown in
As a result, in the breast imaging state shown in
In the breast imaging state, as shown in
In the breast imaging state, a support surface 10d of the housing 10 of the imaging unit 1 is located slightly above (Z1 side) the upper surface 20a of the bed 2, as shown in
In the breast imaging state, each of the plurality of detectors 11 extends in the Z direction over substantially the entire imaging region 10a that extends in the Z direction. Furthermore, in the breast imaging state, the headrest 22 is detached from the top board 20. Thus, a portion of the breast T2 of the prone human body T corresponding to the height of the headrest 22 is prevented from failing to be placed within the imaging region 10a. In the breast imaging state, the rotary shaft 30 is disposed on the X1 side in the vicinity of the opening 10c of the imaging region 10a on the Z1 side. The rotation mechanism 3 can maintain the state (either the head imaging state or the breast imaging state) of the imaging unit 1 with a fixing mechanism (not shown).
The rotation operation of the imaging unit 1 of the PET apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment is now specifically described with reference to
In the case of the imaging unit 1 of the PET apparatus 100 in the head imaging state shown in
Thereafter, as shown in
When the imaging unit 1 of the PET apparatus 100 is switched from the breast imaging state shown in
Thereafter, as shown in
According to the first embodiment, the following advantageous effects are achieved.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the PET apparatus 100 includes the rotation mechanism 3 that rotates the imaging unit 1 to switch the imaging unit 1 to the head imaging state in which the head T1 of the human body T is imaged and the breast imaging state in which the breast T2 of the human body T different from the head T1 is imaged. Accordingly, the imaging unit 1 is rotated by the rotation mechanism 3 such that the imaging unit 1 can be switched to states in which different target areas to be imaged are imaged, and thus it is not necessary to provide a dedicated imaging unit for each area of the human body T. Consequently, in the PET apparatus 100, an increase in the number of components and the complex apparatus structure can be significantly reduced or prevented, and the installation cost of the PET apparatus 100 can be reduced.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the detectors 11 surround the imaging region 10a in which the head T1 is placed in the head imaging state and the breast T2 is placed in the breast imaging state. Accordingly, the head T1 or the breast T2 placed in the imaging region 10a can be reliably imaged by the detectors 11 that surround the imaging region 10a.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the rotary shaft 30 of the rotation mechanism 3 about which the imaging unit 1 is rotated extends, in the imaging unit 1, in the short-side direction (Y direction) orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the top board 20 of the bed 2. Here, when the rotary shaft 30 extends in the longitudinal direction, it is necessary to dispose the support walls 31 of the rotary shaft 30 disposed on the X1 side of the top board 20 so as not to interfere with the top board 20, and thus it is believed that the rotary shaft 30 and the rotation mechanism 3 are increased in size accordingly. Thus, as compared with the case in which the rotary shaft 30 extends in the longitudinal direction, an increase in the sizes of the rotary shaft 30 and the rotation mechanism 3 can be significantly reduced or prevented, and thus an increase in the size of the PET apparatus 100 can be further significantly reduced or prevented.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the rotary shaft 30 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 10c of the imaging region 10a on the side (X1 side) opposite to the bed 2 in the imaging unit 1 in the head imaging state. Accordingly, approach of the rotation range of the imaging unit 1 to the bed 2 can be significantly reduced or prevented, and thus inhibition of rotation of the imaging unit 1 by the bed 2 can be significantly reduced or prevented. Furthermore, the rotary shaft 30 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 10c of the imaging region 10a such that the imaging region 10a can be located within the narrow rotation range around the rotary shaft 30, and thus spacing apart of the imaging region 10a from the bed 2 can be significantly reduced or prevented.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the rotary shaft 30 is provided at substantially the same height as that of the upper surface 20a of the bed 2. Accordingly, the rotary shaft 30 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 10c of the imaging region 10a and at substantially the same height as that of the upper surface 20a of the bed 2 such that spacing apart of the imaging region 10a from the upper surface 20a of the bed 2 can be significantly reduced or prevented as compared with the case in which the rotary shaft 30 is provided at a height spaced apart from the upper surface 20a of the bed 2.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the PET apparatus 100 includes the headrest 22 detachably attached to the end 20b of the bed 2 on the imaging unit 1 side (X1 side) and that supports the head T1 of the human body T. Accordingly, when the headrest 22 is attached to the end 20b of the bed 2 on the X1 side, the position of the headrest 22 is adjusted such that the head T1 of the recumbent (supine) human body T can be placed at an appropriate position in the imaging region 10a. Consequently, in the head imaging state, the head T1 of the recumbent human body T can be easily imaged by the detectors 11. Furthermore, the headrest 22 is detached from the end of the bed 2 on the X1 side such that it is possible to prevent the headrest 22 from interfering with rotation of the imaging unit 1.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, the head support 10b that supports the head T1 of the human body T extends, in the imaging unit 1, in the direction (X1 side) away from the bed 2 in the breast imaging state. Accordingly, in the breast imaging state in which the breast T2 located in the vicinity of the center of the human body T in the longitudinal direction is imaged, the head T1 of the recumbent (prone) human body T can be supported by the head support 10b that extends in the direction away from the bed 2. Consequently, the human body T can be securely kept in a recumbent position, and thus the breast T2 can be stably imaged.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, in the PET apparatus 100, the plurality of detectors 11 surround the head T1 of the human body T within the vertical plane in the head imaging state. Accordingly, the head T1 of the supine human body T can be stably and reliably imaged.
According to the first embodiment, as described above, in the PET apparatus 100, the plurality of detectors 11 surround the breast T2 of the human body T within the horizontal plane in the breast imaging state. Accordingly, the breast T2 of the human body T can hang downward in a prone position, and thus a wide range of the breast T2 of the human body T can be stably and reliably imaged. In
The structure of a PET apparatus 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is now described with reference to
As shown in
In the head imaging state, a head support 110b is provided on the X2 side (the bed 2 side) of the housing 110. In the head imaging state shown in
Unlike the detectors 11 according to the first embodiment, the plurality of detectors 111 extend in an X direction from the vicinity of an opening 110c on the X2 side, into which the head T1 is inserted, of an imaging region 10a that extends in the X direction to the vicinity of the center of the imaging region 10a in the head imaging state, but are not provided in the vicinity of an opening 110e of the imaging region 10a on the X1 side.
The rotation mechanism 103 includes the rotary shaft 130 in place of the rotary shaft 30 according to the first embodiment. In the head imaging state, the rotary shaft 130 is disposed proximally below the opening 110c of the imaging region 10a on the X2 side. In addition, the rotary shaft 130 is disposed at substantially the same position (height) as that of the upper surface 20a of a top board 20 in an upward-downward direction.
In the second embodiment, the rotary mechanism 103 rotates the imaging unit 101 in the head imaging state shown in
In the breast imaging state shown in
In the second embodiment, the PET apparatus 200 has the same positional relationship as that of the PET apparatus 100 in the breast imaging state according to the first embodiment, except for the detectors 111, when the imaging unit 101 in the head imaging state rotates in the direction R11 opposite to the rotational direction R1 of the imaging unit 1 according to the first embodiment. The remaining structures of the PET apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment are similar to those of the PET apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. Furthermore, the rotation operation of the PET apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the PET apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment except that the rotational direction at the time of switching is reversed, and thus description thereof is omitted.
According to the second embodiment, the following advantageous effects are achieved.
According to the second embodiment, as described above, the PET apparatus 200 includes the rotary mechanism 103 that rotates the imaging unit 101 so as to switch the imaging unit 101 to the head imaging state in which the head T1 of the human body T is imaged and the breast imaging state in which the breast T2 of the human body T different from the head T1 is imaged. Accordingly, similarly to the first embodiment, in the PET apparatus 200, an increase in the number of components and the complex apparatus structure can be significantly reduced or prevented.
According to the second embodiment, as described above, the rotary shaft 130 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 110c of the imaging region 10a on the bed 2 side (X2 side) in the imaging unit 101 in the head imaging state. Accordingly, protrusion of support walls 31 of the rotation mechanism 103 to the side (X1 side) of the PET apparatus 200 opposite to the bed 2 can be significantly reduced or prevented, and thus an increase in the size of the PET apparatus 200 can be significantly reduced or prevented. Furthermore, the rotary shaft 130 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 110c of the imaging region 10a such that the imaging region 10a can be located within the narrow rotation range around the rotary shaft 130, and thus spacing apart of the imaging region 10a from the bed 2 can be significantly reduced or prevented.
According to the second embodiment, as described above, the detectors 111 extend in the Z direction from the vicinity of the opening 110c on the Z1 side, into which the breast T2 is inserted, of the imaging region 10a that extends in the Z direction to the vicinity of the center of the imaging region 10a in the breast imaging state. Accordingly, the detectors 111 can be downsized, and thus it is possible to reduce the cost of the detectors 111 and to increase the degree of freedom of arrangement of the remaining members in the imaging unit 101. The remaining advantageous effects of the second embodiment are similar to those of the first embodiment.
The structure of an X-ray imaging apparatus 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is now described with reference to
The X-ray imaging apparatus 300 is an apparatus that captures an image (simple X-ray image) inside the human body T, utilizing the fact that the degree of X-ray absorption in the body is different. The image formed in the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 is used for image diagnosis.
In the third embodiment, the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 can switch between a chest imaging state in which the chest T3 of the standing human body T is imaged and a breast imaging state in which the breast T2 of the standing human body T is imaged. In the third embodiment, the structure of the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 in the chest imaging state shown in
As shown in
The imaging unit 201 includes a housing 210 and an imager 211 disposed inside the housing 210. At the center of the housing 210, an imaging region 210a in which the target area to be imaged (the chest T3 or the breast T2) of the human body T is placed is formed. The imaging region 210a includes a hole that passes through the housing 210. In the chest imaging state shown in
The imager 211 includes an X-ray source 211a that radiates X-rays in a predetermined direction (W direction) in which the imaging region 210a is located in the chest imaging state, and an X-ray detector 211b that faces the X-ray source 211a in the W direction and detects the X-rays. In other words, the X-ray source 211a and the X-ray detector 211b sandwich the imaging region 210a in the W direction. Consequently, the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 acquires an internal image of the chest T3 placed in the imaging region 210a.
The rotation mechanism 203 includes a rotary shaft 230 that rotates the imaging unit 201, support walls 231 that support the imaging unit 201 via the rotary shaft 230, and a lifting mechanism 233 that moves the support walls 231 in the upward-downward direction (Z direction). The lifting mechanism 233 is disposed below (Z2 side) the support walls 231. Furthermore, the imaging unit 201 is rotated about the rotary shaft 230 by a rotational drive (not shown).
In the third embodiment, the rotation mechanism 203 rotates the imaging unit 201 in the chest imaging state shown in
In the breast imaging state shown in
The rotation operation of the imaging unit 201 of the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment is now specifically described with reference to
The imaging unit 201 of the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 in the chest imaging state shown in
When the imaging unit 201 of the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 is switched from the breast imaging state shown in
According to the third embodiment, the following advantageous effects are achieved.
According to the third embodiment, as described above, the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 includes the rotation mechanism 203 that rotates the imaging unit 201 to switch the imaging unit 201 to the chest imaging state in which the chest T3 of the human body T is imaged and the breast imaging state in which the breast T2 of the human body T different from the chest T3 is imaged. Accordingly, similarly to the first embodiment, in the X-ray imaging apparatus 300, an increase in the number of components and the complex apparatus structure can be significantly reduced or prevented.
The embodiments disclosed this time must be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is not shown by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and all modifications (modified examples) within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent are further included.
For example, while the PET apparatuses 100 and 200 are respectively shown as an example of the “diagnostic imaging apparatus” according to the present invention in the aforementioned first and second embodiments, and the X-ray imaging apparatus 300 is shown as an example of the “diagnostic imaging apparatus” according to the present invention in the aforementioned third embodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this. The structure according to the present invention may alternatively be applied to an X-ray CT (Computed Tomography) apparatus, an optical CT apparatus, an ultrasonic CT apparatus, an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) apparatus, etc. used for image diagnosis as the diagnostic imaging apparatus according to the present invention.
While the imaging units 1 and 101 are switched to the head imaging state and the breast imaging state so as to respectively image the head T1 (first target area to be imaged) and the breast T2 (second target area to be imaged) of the human body T in the aforementioned first and second embodiments, and the imaging unit 201 is switched to the chest imaging state and the breast imaging state so as to respectively image the chest T3 (first target area to be imaged) and the breast T2 (second target area to be imaged) of the human body T in the aforementioned third embodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this. According to the present invention, a target area to be imaged of the human body other than the head, the breast, and the chest may be able to be imaged as long as different target areas to be imaged of the human body can be imaged. Furthermore, the target to be imaged is not restricted to the human body. For example, the body of an animal other than a human being may alternatively be a target to be imaged.
While the headrest 22 and the head supports 10b and 110b are provided in the PET apparatuses (diagnostic imaging apparatuses) 100 and 200 in the aforementioned first and second embodiments, the present invention is not restricted to this. According to the present invention, the headrest or the head support may not be provided in the diagnostic imaging apparatus.
While the imaging unit 1 (101, 201) is rotated about the rotary shaft 30 (130, 230) by about 90 degrees to be switched to the first state and the second state in each of the aforementioned first to third embodiments, the present invention is not restricted to this. According to the present invention, the rotation angle may alternatively be an angle other than about 90 degrees. For example, in the third embodiment, when the breast is imaged in a tilted state, the imaging unit may be rotated by a rotation angle of less than about 90 degrees to be switched to the first state (chest imaging state) and the second state (breast imaging state).
Furthermore, the inner diameters or the shapes of the imaging regions 10a and 210a may alternatively change according to the target area to be imaged in the aforementioned first to third embodiments. For example, in the first and second embodiments, in the diagnostic imaging apparatus (PET apparatus 100 (200)), the width of the imaging region 10a in the upward-downward direction in the imaging unit 1 (101) may be increased in the head imaging state, and the width of the imaging region 10a in the horizontal direction in the imaging unit 1 (101) may be decreased in the breast imaging state. The diagnostic imaging apparatus is configured as described above such that it is possible to image the target area to be imaged (head or breast) more easily and in more detail.
While the rotary shafts 30 and 130 are provided at substantially the same height as that of the upper surface 20a of the bed 2 in the aforementioned first and second embodiments, the present invention is not restricted to this. According to the present invention, the position of the rotary shaft is not particularly restricted as long as the imaging unit is rotatable.
