DIAMOND GRINDING WHEEL ADAPTED TO GRIND AND ABRADE STRATIFIED SOLID MATERIALS

Abstract

Diamond grinding wheel, for grinding and abrasion of stratified solid materials including a cutting unit provided with a diamond crown and: a central tooth adapted to remove plastic material or similar materials, present on a sheet; holes adapted for cooling; cuts, based on the glass sheets and on the plastic material to be processed; external flange. The device is adapted to increase the quality of the sheets being processed once the grinding has terminated, rendering them polishable, lacking plastic material residues on the glasses; the dimensions of the device varying from a diameter and a height included between 30 mm and 400 mm; the grinding wheel including a base flange, and an external flange made of iron, aluminum and/or resin adapted to ensure a rigid structure for the entire device.

Description

FIELD OF THE ART

The invention refers to the field of mechanics. Still more specifically, the present invention refers to a device adapted for grinding comprising a particular central tooth which ensures the punctual and precise removal of the plastic material with which the stratification is carried out, a greater duration of the lifetime of the entire device and a higher quality of polishing, in addition to greater structural strength of the glass and greater safety on the job due to a series of detection sensors.

PRIOR ART

Conventionally, the grinding consists of the operation of grinding, i.e. smoothing, rounding, polishing materials of different type (such as marble, hard metals, crystal, mirrors and glasses), by means of grinding wheel or grinder. With this processing, a rounding of the edges of the sheet is produced in order to avoid that they terminate with a sharp edge.

With regard to the grinding of the glass, normally, the tools used for processing the edge of the glass have the same technical and geometric characteristics, whether these are:

• • composite sheets, stoneware, ceramic or similar materials—stratified (i.e. in the case of a sheet of material derived from the stratification of two sheets of the same or of different materials, with at the center one or more plastic films interposed between the same) on CNC with peripheral tools;
  • monolithic sheets (materials composed of a sheet).

By way of example, consider glass are reference material. The use of such tools for the processing of stratified glasses causes early deterioration of the tool itself, together with a poor quality of the final product. The rubbing of the plastic with the tool, present between two glass sheets in the case of stratified glass, causes continuous and deep signs on the tool which are reproduced on the subsequent processing, causing a poor product quality. The rotary and translation motion carried out by the mandrel of the CNC tends to not entirely remove the plastic, since it drives it along the sheet, determining even in the case of polishing an opacity of the edge due to the plastic residues.

In this manner, the tool has grooves at the points where it comes into contact with the plastic material which can be of different nature: PVB, rigid plastic, various plastic materials, plexiglass, lexan, etc. Even if the tools of this type are provided with holes and cuts for the passage of the water, the plastic material will not be completely unloaded from the tool, obstructing the processing of the subsequent glasses which will not have the required geometry.

Several solutions present on the market provide for simple cuts carried out in a straight or inclined manner, or inclined with opposite senses, which assist the cut of the plastic by slightly lengthening the creation of the groove, but the problem is not resolved in the long period.

With regard to the patents, one example is represented by the patent CN111251186A. The invention regards an abrasive tool for the processing of pieces, in particular of stratified safety glass; this comprises a support device having a central coupling zone with a rotary actuation of a rectified. A plate is arranged on the support device on the peripheral side and has grinding sections, spaced from each other, in a grinding sense, in which the following is provided:

• • at least a first unit at least two grinding sections which follow each other in the grinding sense, the grinding sections of the first unit provide for a first orientation with respect to the support device,
  • and at least a further unit of at least two grinding sections which follow each other in the grinding sense, which have a second orientation with respect to the support device that is different from the first orientation.

Other units are arranged on the support device one after the other in the grinding sense.

However, such device does not resolve the abovementioned problems, without carrying out any type of incision it is limited to dividing the grinding wheel quarters in opposite directions. The object of the present patent application is to attain a device for grinding which allows the removal in a clean and precise manner of the plastic material with which the stratification is carried out, together with a quality improvement that allows the tool to not lose form centrally and not create central grooves during processing. In addition, this renders the glass structurally capable of greater strength so that it is also processed in the zones that are coupled with the plastic; such characteristic confers a greater breakage resistance thereto, the micro-chips thereof that would be created in conventional processing are reduced in the internal edge of the two glasses coupled with the plastic.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, a diamond grinding wheel is attained for the grinding and the abrasion of solid, stratified materials and in particular for the grinding and the processing of glass sheets, of ceramic glass, of sheets of composite materials and/or of any other material. The entire device is designed for increasing the aesthetic and functional quality of the multilayer sheets once the grinding and/or processing in general has terminated, rendering them polishable, lacking plastic material residues on the glasses. Such processing also improves the structural strength and the loading of breakage of the aforesaid sheets comprising, in the grinding processing, also the internal sides of the glasses which normally, in the processing with peripheral grinding wheels on horizontal and vertical CNC machines, remain flat and lacking thread.

The aforesaid diamond grinding wheel comprises two base flanges made of iron, aluminum and/or resin, at least a cutting unit provided with at least a diamond crown, positioned in an external portion of the aforesaid grinding wheel.

The cutting unit is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of holes for the cooling and passage of water or coolant liquid; these have variable number and dimensions, based on the type of multilayer sheets and of plastic material to be processed. The aforesaid plate then comprises a plurality of cuts, of different types (straight, inclined, total, partial), whose number and type vary based on the glass sheets and on the plastic material to be processed.

In a further version, the cuts are attained in different configurations: inclined, straight, positioned on the entire surface of the cutting unit or only on the aforesaid plate. One of the advantages of the present grinding wheel is that of comprising at least a central tooth: this is constructed for removing the plastic material or similar materials, present on the sheets at the time of the grinding.

In a base version, the aforesaid central tooth is printed, together in the same entire block of the plate.

Possibly and advantageously, the aforesaid central tooth, is attained separately with respect to the device, as foreign body, comprising an internal disc to be flanged in a central portion of the aforesaid plate by means of a plurality of screws.

The aforesaid central tooth allows processing portions of multilayer sheets, in a grinding step or other processing steps, by carrying out a small thread in the internal part of the same sheets, and allowing various types of finishing in the processing of such sheets including polished edge and raw edge.

In such configuration, the cutting unit, due to the aforesaid central tooth, maintains the profile of the present device functional over time, even after thousands of meters traveled, ensuring a high quality standard.

The height and the shape of the central tooth is variable and defined according to the thickness of the glass sheets and of the plastic material to be processed while the dimensions of the entire device vary by a diameter and a height comprised between 30 mm and 400 mm.

In a further advantageous version, the aforesaid central tooth is attained with a grain and a mixture, specific and variable depending on the plastic material to be removed and in shapes and materials, comprising cuts and/or serrations, personalized, adapted to remove the plastic material, based on the more or less rigid nature of the same.

Still in a further advantageous version the device is provided with at least two teeth for removing the plastic material.

The device for grinding is made of any geometric shape such as peripheral trapezoid profile, groove and any other shape, as well as on specific designs upon request of each customer, as well attainable in the sector version.

In an advantageous embodiment, then, the present grinding wheel comprises sensors for detecting the fine dust present in the air and sensors for signaling the state of saturation of the air, as well as sensors for the overheating of the diamond crown. Such sensors allow the assigned personnel to move away from the operation area of the environment surrounding the processing areas until healthy conditions are re-established, and additionally due to the temperature sensor allow extending the lifetime of the tool.

The advantages offered by the present invention are evident in light of the description set forth up to now and will be even clearer due to the enclosed figures and to the relative detailed description.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will be described hereinbelow in at least a preferred and non-limiting embodiment with the aid of the enclosed figures, in which:

FIG. 1 in which a) shows the present diamond grinding wheel 1, which comprises a base flange 2 on which a cutting unit 2.1 is installed, in turn comprising a diamond crown 2.2 while on the entire grinding wheel 1 a plurality of holes 2.3 and cuts 2.4 are arranged; outside, the aforesaid grinding wheel comprises at least a flange 2.5 placed to close; b) shows the aforesaid diamond crown 2.2 comprising at least a central tooth 3 incorporated in the same.

FIG. 2 shows a detail of the cutting unit 2.1: it is observed that the diamond crown 2.2 comprises the aforesaid central tooth 3 on its surface; also the holes 2.3 and the cuts 2.4 are observed.

FIG. 3 shows a detail of the structure of the external flange 2.5, placed to close the entire grinding wheel 1.

FIG. 4 shows the base flange 2, situated in an internal section of the grinding wheel 1.

FIG. 5 shows a detail of the cuts 2.4 placed on the entire surface of the diamond grinding wheel 1.

FIG. 6 shows a detail of the holes 2.3 placed on the entire surface of the grinding wheel 1.

FIG. 7 shows a detail of the aforesaid central tooth 3 in one embodiment of the invention in which it is separated from the grinding wheel 1: in this variant, the aforesaid tooth 3 is incorporated on an internal disc 3.1 to be flanged on the grinding wheel 1 by means of screws.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention will now be illustrated by way of a non-limiting or non-binding example, with reference to the figures which illustrate several embodiments relative to the present inventive concept.

With reference to FIG. 1, the present grinding wheel 1 is shown which, in a preferred version, has a base flange 2 (made of iron, aluminum and/or resin, which ensures a rigid structure thereto). In such version, the aforesaid grinding wheel 1 comprises at least a cutting unit 2.1 provided with an internal diamond crown 2.2 which includes:

• • a plurality of sensors for detecting the fine dust present in the air,
  • a plurality of sensors adapted to signal a state of saturation of the surrounding air which allow the assigned personnel to move away from the operation area until healthy conditions of the environment surrounding the processing areas are re-established.
  • a plurality of temperature sensors for signaling the increase of the temperature beyond certain limits which involves early wear of the tool.

The aforesaid diamond crown 2.2 comprises at least a central tooth 3: this allows removing the plastic material or similar materials, present on the sheets during processing.

The aforesaid central tooth 3 is produced by means of the sintering method or three-dimensional printing and is alternately:

• • printed in a same entire block together with the entire device 1 by means of sintering process;
  • made separately from the device 1, as a separate body (as shown in FIG. 7); in such conformation, this comprises a specific internal disc 3.1 to be flanged in a central portion of the aforesaid device 1 by means of a plurality of screws.

The particular characteristic of the central tooth 3 is that of allowing the removal and processing of portions of the glass sheets, in grinding step, by carrying out an incision such as a small thread in the internal part of the same glass sheets. The aforesaid central tooth allows various types of finishing and shapes in the processing of such sheets, including polished edge, raw edge and contributes to improving the structural strength performances of the glass itself by reducing the dimensions of the microlesions present on the edges of the sheets of the glass, adjacent to the plastic.

Such characteristic allows a use of glasses with smaller thickness but provided with a greater resistance to breakage and load.

The central tooth 3 maintains the profile of the entire device 1 functional over time, even after thousands of meters traveled, ensuring a high quality standard.

The aforesaid central tooth 3 is attained with a specific grain and mixture, which vary based on the plastic material to be removed, while its height and shape varies according to the thickness of the glass sheets and of the plastic material to be processed. Each central tooth 3 is made of shapes and materials, with cuts or serrations, adapted to remove the plastic material, based on the more or less rigid nature thereof.

To close the grinding wheel 1, at least an external flange 2.5 is placed as shown in FIG. 3. In addition there are compositions of glasses characterized by multiple glass sheets and plastic films, stratified, as an example glass 26/27 whose composition is: glass 8 mm+plastic 0.38+glass 10 mm+plastic 0.38+glass 8 mm; in the cases like that exemplified, on the diamond crown 2.2 at least two of the aforesaid teeth 3 are installed for removing the plastic at the same, for the cases in which the sheets adapted to for processing are composed of multiple layers.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, on the aforesaid grinding wheel 1, a plurality of holes 2.3 are present which allow the passage of the water or of the coolant liquid and a cooling of the same; such holes 2.3 have variable dimensions based on the type of glass sheets and plastic material to be processed. In addition, a plurality of cuts and grooves 2.4 are present on the entire grinding wheel 1, variable based on the glass sheets and on the plastic material to be processed; such cuts and grooves 2.4 are attained in different configurations: inclined, straight, positioned on the entire surface of the cutting unit 2.1, and they provide for the removal of the plastic material by processing together with the aforesaid central tooth 3. The number and the type of the same are defined based on the thickness of the glass and plastic to be processed, but a greater number involves a greater fragmentation of the plastic, with benefits on the maintenance of the machinery.

The entire grinding wheel 1 is employed for the abrasion of the stratified solid materials and for the processing (grinding) of glass sheets, of ceramic glass and of any other material. This is made of any geometric shape, such as peripheral trapezoid profile, groove and any other shape, as well as on specific designs upon request of each customer, as well as in the sector version which allows the removal of the material in a single passage. Due to its particular characteristics, it optimizes the quality of the aforesaid sheets both from an aesthetic/functional standpoint—since once the grinding has terminated, they are polishable and lacking plastic material residues on the edge of the sheet—and from a technical/structural standpoint, since the processing of the edge of the glass adjacent to the plastic allows an increase of the structural load of the glass with respect to the same without such processing. The dimensions of the present device 1 vary by a diameter and a height comprised between 30 mm and 400 mm.

Finally, it is clear that modifications, additions or variations that are obvious for a man skilled in the can be made to the above-described invention, without departing from the protective scope that is provided by the enclosed claims.

Claims

1. Diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials; said diamond grinding wheel comprising at least a base flange and at least a cutting unit provided with at least a diamond crown, positioned in a central portion of said grinding wheel; said grinding wheel comprising: at least a central tooth, adapted to remove plastic material or similar materials, present on a sheet adapted to be processed; said central tooth being integral with said diamond crown adapted to grind; said central tooth being adapted to remove and process predetermined portions of at least a glass sheet, in a grinding step, carrying out a thread shaping in the internal part of the glass sheets; said central tooth being adapted to keep the entire grinding wheel functional over time, even after thousands of meters of shaping, guaranteeing a high quality standard; the height of said central tooth being adjustable according to the thickness of the glass sheets and/or the plastic material to be processed;a plurality of holes of variable dimensions adapted to be crossed by cooling water;the size of said holes depending on the type of glass and/or plastic material to be processed;a plurality of cuts and grooves, which vary according to the type and size of the glass sheets and/or the plastic material to be processed; said cuts and grooves being adapted to interrupt the continuity of the diamond crown and crush the plastic material, positioned above each sheet being processed and engrave it, avoiding the formation of long strips of the same, a clogging of the pipes of the machinery adapted to process and damage to the same; a plurality of said cuts alternating with grooves on the crown, being adapted to crush said plastic residues into small pieces, facilitating maintenance of said machinery;at least an external flange, positioned to close the entire grinding wheel; said grinding wheel being adapted to improve the quality of the sheets being processed once the grinding is finished, making them polishable and free of plastic material residues, on the edges of the same, being adapted to make said sheets capable of supporting greater loads in terms of weight and load bearing capacity which would be impossible with traditional machining on CNC machines; the dimensions of said grinding wheel varying from a diameter and a height between 30 mm and 400 mm; said grinding wheel comprising a base flange made of iron, aluminum and/or resin adapted to guarantee a rigid structure to the entire grinding wheel.

2. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, wherein said central tooth is made with a specific grain and mixture adapted to vary according to the plastic material to be removed.

3. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, wherein said central tooth is made in shapes and materials, with cuts and/or grooves, adapted to remove plastic material, based on more or less rigid nature thereof.

4. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, wherein said central tooth is made separately from said grinding wheel, as a foreign body, and inserted between two diamond crowns divided into a central section; said central tooth, to be flanged, comprises a specific internal disk adapted to be flanged, in a central portion of said base flange by means of a plurality of screws and/or any other connection means.

5. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, wherein said central tooth allows various types of finishing in the processing of said sheets, including polished edge and raw edge and a greater structural strength of the glass, compared to the same processed by a traditional method.

6. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, wherein said cuts are made in different configurations: inclined, straight, positioned on the entire surface of said cutting unit and said grinding wheel.

7. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, further comprising at least a pair of teeth for removing the plastic material in the case in which the sheets suitable for processing are composed of several layers.

8. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is made in any geometric shape such as peripheral trapezoid profile, groove and any other shape, as well as on specific designs at the request of each customer, as well as in the sector version.

9. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, further comprising sensors for detecting fine dust present in the air and sensors suitable adapted to signal a state of saturation of the air; said sensors allowing the personnel assigned to use the entire device to move away from the intervention area until healthy conditions of the environment surrounding the processing areas are re-established.

10. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 1, further comprising at least a temperature detection sensor, adapted to allow a longer life of the tool, instantly verifying the temperature and intervening in case of detection of anomalous parameters that lead to premature wear.

11. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 2, wherein said central tooth is made in shapes and materials, with cuts and/or grooves, adapted to remove plastic material, based on more or less rigid nature thereof.

12. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 12, wherein said central tooth is made separately from said grinding wheel, as a foreign body, and inserted between two diamond crowns divided into a central section; said central tooth, to be flanged, comprises a specific internal disk adapted to be flanged, in a central portion of said base flange by means of a plurality of screws and/or any other connection means.

13. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 12, wherein said central tooth allows various types of finishing in the processing of said sheets, including polished edge and raw edge and a greater structural strength of the glass, compared to the same processed by a traditional method.

14. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 13, wherein said cuts are made in different configurations: inclined, straight, positioned on the entire surface of said cutting unit and said grinding wheel.

15. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 14, further comprising at least a pair of teeth for removing the plastic material in the case in which the sheets suitable for processing are composed of several layers.

16. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 15, wherein the grinding wheel is made in any geometric shape such as peripheral trapezoid profile, groove and any other shape, as well as on specific designs at the request of each customer, as well as in the sector version.

17. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 16, further comprising sensors for detecting fine dust present in the air and sensors suitable adapted to signal a state of saturation of the air; said sensors allowing the personnel assigned to use the entire device to move away from the intervention area until healthy conditions of the environment surrounding the processing areas are re-established.

18. The diamond grinding wheel, adapted to grind and abrade stratified solid materials, according to claim 17, further comprising at least a temperature detection sensor, adapted to allow a longer life of the tool, instantly verifying the temperature and intervening in case of detection of anomalous parameters that lead to premature wear.