This national phase application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-134818 filed on May 22, 2008. The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-134818 is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to a die cushion device.
The die cushion devices are installed in the press machines for applying pressure to a slide. In the die cushion devices, a cushion pad receives force from the slide moving downwards. Further, the cushion pad is configured to be moved while applying press force to the slide.
In the well-known die cushion devices, a servomotor is caused to drive the cushion pad for highly accurately controlling pressure to be applied to the slide. Further, there have been produced the die cushion devices of a type configured to control the servomotor for setting a difference between the speed of the cushion pad and the speed of the slide to be zero (see Japan Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. JP-A-2006-062254). In this case, the press force to be applied to the slide can be accurately controlled after the speed difference reaches a target value.
In the aforementioned die cushion devices, however, the target value of the speed difference between the speed of the cushion pad and the speed of the slide is fixed to be zero. The cushion pad accordingly moves at a predetermined speed proportional to a speed deviation. Therefore, the waveform of the press force in the rise time is inevitably formed in a predetermined shape until the speed difference reaches the target value. In other words, it is difficult to accurately control the press force in the rise time.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a die cushion device for accurately controlling press force in a rise time.
A die cushion device according to a first aspect of the present invention is configured to generate press force to be applied to a slide member in a press machine. The die cushion device includes a cushion pad, a support section, a servomotor, a shock absorber device, a first speed detector section, a second speed detector section, and a controller section. The cushion pad is configured to receive force from the slide member. The support section supports the cushion pad. The servomotor is configured to raise and lower the support section for raising and lowering the cushion pad. The shock absorber device is configured to relieve shock between the cushion pad and the support section. The shock absorber device includes a damping section and an elastic section. The damping section is configured to generate reaction force in accordance with the relative speed of the cushion pad with respect to the support section. The elastic section is configured to generate reaction force in accordance with the relative displacement of the cushion pad with respect to the support section. The first speed detector section is configured to detect the speed of the slide member. The second detector section is configured to detect the speed of the support section. The controller section is configured to control the servomotor so that a speed difference between the speed of the slide member and the speed of the support section is set to be a predetermined target speed difference value that changes over time.
According to the die cushion device of the first aspect of the present invention, the shock absorber device includes the elastic section and the damping section. Therefore, the elastic section can stabilize the load in the shock absorber device. Further, the damping section compensates slow rising of the load by the elastic section. Accordingly, the rise time of the load can be reduced. Further, when the servomotor is controlled under the condition that the speed difference between the speed of the slide member and the speed of the support section changes as described above, the reaction force by the damping section also changes in accordance with the change of the speed difference. Therefore, appropriately setting the changing target value of the speed difference makes it possible to desirably adjust and shape the waveform of the press force in the rise time until the speed difference reaches the target value. Consequently, the press force in the rise time can be accurately controlled.
A die cushion device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the die cushion according to the first aspect of the present invention. In the die cushion device, the controller section is configured to control the servomotor according to the predetermined target speed difference value that peaks at a first timing and thereafter decreases over time. The first timing is a point-of-time at or after the cushion pad starts receiving the force from the slide member.
According to the die cushion device of the second aspect of the present invention, the speed difference peaks at the first point-of-time, i.e., a point-of-time when a predetermined period of time has elapsed after the cushion pad starts receiving the force from the slide member. The damping section thereby generates large reaction force at the first point-of-time. Consequently, the rise time of the load can be reduced in the initial phase of collision.
According to the present invention, the shock absorber device includes the elastic section and the damping section. Therefore, the elastic section can stabilize the load in the shock absorber device. Further, the damping section compensates slow rising of the load by the elastic section. Accordingly, the rise time of the load can be reduced. Yet further, when the servomotor is controlled under the condition that the speed difference between the speed of the slide member and the speed of the support section change as described above, the reaction force by the damping section also changes in accordance with the change of the speed difference. Therefore, appropriately setting the changing target value of the speed difference makes it possible to desirably adjust and shape the waveform of the press force in the rise time until the speed difference reaches the target value. Consequently, the press force in the rise time can be accurately controlled.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be hereinafter explained with reference to figures.
The slide 2 is disposed while being allowed to move in a vertical direction. The bolster 3 is disposed below and opposed to the slide 2. The slide drive mechanism 6 is disposed over the slide 2. The slide drive mechanism 6 is configured to raise and lower the slide 2. The top die 4 is attached to a bottom part of the slide 2. The bottom die 5 is attached to a top part of the bolster 3. Each of the bolster 3 and the bottom die 5 includes a plurality of through holes vertically penetrating therethrough. Plural cushion pins 8 described below are respectively inserted into the through holes. The slide drive mechanism 6 is configured to raise and lower the slide 2 for pressing the top die 4 onto the bottom die 5. Accordingly, a processing target member (hereinafter referred to as “a work 9”), disposed between the top die 4 and the bottom die 5, is pressed therebetween and processed in a desirable shape. The die cushion device 7 is configured to generate press force towards the slide 2.
The structure of the die cushion device 7 will be hereinafter explained in detail with reference to
As illustrated in
The blank holder 10 is disposed below the top die 4. The blank holder 10 is configured to be pressed onto the top die 4 through the work 9 when the top die 4 is downwardly moved closer to the bottom die 5.
The cushion pad 11 is a member receiving force from the slide 2. The cushion pad 11 is disposed within a bed 9 disposed under the bolster 3. The cushion pad 11 is disposed while being allowed to vertically move within the bed 9. It should be noted that a beam 6 is bridged over the opposed inner walls of the bed 9. The beam 6 supports the die cushion device 7. As illustrated in
As illustrated in
The cylinder 21 is attached to a bottom part of the cushion pad 11. The cylinder 21 is formed in a downwardly opened shape. The cylinder 21 includes a recess 21a recessed upwards. The recess 21a is formed as the inner ceiling within the opening.
The piston 22 is slidably contained within the cylinder 21. Further, the piston 22 includes a convex 22a protruded upwards. The convex 22a of the piston 22 is inserted into the recess 21a of the cylinder 21. An annular hydraulic chamber 23 is formed between the cylinder 21 and the piston 22. The axis of the hydraulic chamber 23 is matched with the axis shared by a rod 45 and a ball screw 46 described below. The hydraulic chamber 23 is filled with oil as a shock reliever.
The hydraulic circuit 24 includes an accumulator 31 (one example of an elastic section), a first relief valve 32, a restrictor such as an orifice 33 (one example of a damping section), a cooler 34, a second relief valve 40, a pressure sensor 35, and plural flow paths 36 to 39.
The accumulator 31 is connected to the hydraulic chamber 23 through the first flow path 36.
The first relief valve 32 is disposed in the first flow path 36. The first relief valve 32 is configured to be opened when the hydraulic pressure of the first flow path 36 (i.e., the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 23) is greater than or equal to a predetermined first relief pressure. The first relief pressure is set to be equal to the pressure acting on the hydraulic chamber 23 for opening the first relief valve 32 when the top die 4 and the work 9 make contact to each other.
The orifice 33 is disposed in the second flow path 37 branched from the first flow path 36. It should be noted that a variable throttle valve 41 and a check valve 42 are disposed in the second flow path 37. Accordingly, the oil is prevented from reversely flowing towards the first flow path 36.
The cooler 34 is disposed in the third flow path 38 branched from the first flow path 36. The third flow path 38 is connected to the second flow path 37 at an end thereof opposite to the other end thereof branched from the first flow path 36 closer to the hydraulic chamber 23. The cooler 34 is configured to cool the oil heated by way of passage through the orifice 33. It should be noted that a variable throttle valve 43 and a check valve 44 are disposed in the third flow path 38. Accordingly, the oil is prevented from flowing from the hydraulic chamber 23 of the first flow path 36 to the cooler 34.
The second relief valve 40 is disposed in the fourth flow path 39 branched from the first flow path 36. The fourth flow path 39 is connected to an oil tank at an end thereof opposite to the other end thereof branched from the first flow path 36. The second relief valve 40 is configured to be opened when the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 23 is greater than or equal to a predetermined second relief pressure. The second relief pressure is set to be higher than the aforementioned first relief pressure. The second relief valve 40 is configured to be opened when the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 23 becomes excessively high. Accordingly, an excessive load can be prevented from being applied to the cushion pad 11. It should be noted that an emergency stop is configured to be activated for the press machine 1 when the second relief valve 40 is activated. On the other hand, when the press machine 1 recovers, a hydraulic pressure supply unit (not illustrated in the figure) supplies the oil to the hydraulic circuit 24.
The pressure sensor 35 is configured to detect the hydraulic pressure of the first flow path 36 (i.e., the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 23).
The support section 13 illustrated in
The drive section 14 includes the ball screw 46, a large pulley 47, a small pulley 48, and a servomotor 49.
The ball screw 46 includes the screw portion 46a and a nut portion 46b. The screw portion 46a is screwed into the nut portion 46b. The upper end of the screw portion 46a is connected to the lower end of the rod 45. The lower end of the nut portion 46b is connected to the upper end of the large pulley 47. Further, the nut portion 46b is supported by the beam 6 through a bearing and the like for axially supporting the screw portion 46a. The small pulley 48 is connected to a revolution shaft of the servomotor 49. A belt 50 is stretched over the large pulley 47 and the small pulley 48. Accordingly, power transmission is allowed between the large pulley 47 and the small pulley 48.
The servomotor 49 includes the revolution shaft. The revolution shaft is configured to be forwardly and reversely revolved by the supply of electric current. When the revolution shaft is revolved by the supply of electric current to the servomotor 49, the small pulley 48 is rotated. Rotation of the small pulley 48 is transmitted to the large pulley 47 through the belt 50. The large pulley 47 is accordingly rotated. The large pulley 47 is herein connected to the nut portion 46b. Therefore, the nut portion 46b is rotated in conjunction with the rotation of the large pulley 47. When the nut portion 46b is rotated, the screw portion 46a is linearly moved along the nut portion 46b in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the rod 45 is moved in the vertical direction, and the cushion pad 11 is raised and lowered together with the piston 22, the hydraulic chamber 23, and the cylinder 21. Thus, the servomotor 49 is configured to raise and lower the support section 13 for raising and lowering the cushion pad 11.
As illustrated in
The first speed detector section 15 is configured to detect the speed of the slide 2.
The second speed detector section 16 is configured to detect the speed of the support section 13. For example, the second speed detector section 16 is an encoder disposed about the revolution shaft of the servomotor 49. The second speed detector section 16 is herein configured to detect the revolution speed of the servomotor 49.
The position detector section 17 is configured to detect the position of the cushion pad 11. For example, the position detector section 17 is a linear scale disposed between the cushion pad 11 and the bed 9. The position detector section 17 is herein configured to detect the raised position and the lowered position of the cushion pad 11.
The information detected by the detector sections 15 to 17 are configured to be transmitted to the controller section 18 as detection signals.
The controller section 18 is configured to control the electric current to be supplied to the servomotor 49 for controlling the servomotor 49. The controller section 18 is configured to control the servomotor 49 for controlling the position and the speed of the cushion pad 11. Yet further, the controller section 18 is configured to control press force to be applied to the slide 2 from the cushion pad 11. Control of the die cushion device 7, executed by the controller section 18, will be hereinafter explained in detail.
First, preliminarily acceleration is executed for the cushion pad 11 in a period from Time t1 to Time t2. In the preliminarily acceleration, the cushion pad 11 is preliminarily moved downwards for relieving shock to be caused when the top die 4 and the work 9 make contact to each other. The controller section 18 executes a position feedback control during the preliminarily acceleration. Specifically, the position of the cushion pad 11 is controlled under a condition that a detected value of the position of the cushion pad 11 follows a preliminarily set position pattern. The cushion pad 11 moves downwards in response to the content of the control. It should be noted that the content of the position feedback control will be hereinafter explained in detail.
At Time t2, the top die 4 and the work 9 make contact to each other. It should be noted that a term “a point-of-time of collision” and related terms thereto hereinafter refer to Time t2 when the top die 4 and the work 9 make contact to each other. In a period from Time t2 to Time t3, the slide 2 and the cushion pad 11 integrally move downwards, and the work 9 is thereby processed while being pressed therebetween. In this period, the controller section 18 executes a pressure feedback control. Specifically, load to be applied to the cushion pad 11 is controlled under a condition that a detected value of the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 23 follows a preliminarily set pressure pattern. The cushion pad 11 moves downwards in response to the content of the control. It should be noted that the content of the pressure feedback control will be hereinafter explained in detail.
At Time t3, the slide 2 and the cushion pad 11 reach the bottom dead center. In a period from Time t3 to Time t4, the slide 2 and the cushion pad 11 are integrally raised by an auxiliary lifting stroke D1.
In a period from Time t4 to Time t5, the cushion pad 11 is locked and temporarily halted from being raised. At Time t5, the cushion pad 11 starts being raised again.
It should be noted that the controller section 18 executes the position feedback control in a period from Time t3 to Time t5. Specifically, the position of the cushion pad 11 is controlled under a condition that a detected value of the position of the cushion pad 11 follows a preliminarily set position pattern. The cushion pad 11 is configured to be raised in response to the content of the control.
When the top die 4 makes contact to the work 9 in conjunction with downward movement of the slide 2, force is transmitted from the slide 2 to the cushion pad 11 through the top die 4, the work 9, the blank holder 10, and the cushion pins 8. The oil filled in the hydraulic chambers 23 herein absorbs force instantly acting on the cushion pad 11. Therefore, the shock absorber devices 12 relieve the load instantly applied to the cushion pad 11 by the slide 2 at the point-of time of collision. Actions of each shock absorber device 12 of the case will be hereinafter explained.
As described above, the cushion pad 11 and the support section 13 are moving downwards by means of the preliminary acceleration immediately before the contact between the top die 4 and the work 9. When the top die 4 and the work 9 make contact to each other and load is accordingly applied to the cushion pad 11 by the slide 2, the cushion pad 11 is downwardly moved relative to the support section 13. The hydraulic chamber 23 is accordingly compressed and the oil contained therein is transferred to the hydraulic circuit 24.
With reference to
a) shows an example of time-series change in load by the accumulator 31. The accumulator 31 has a relatively low spring constant. Load slowly rises but monotonically increases to a target load without being overshooting.
On the other hand,
As described above, the resultant force of the load by the accumulator 31 and the load by the orifice 33 acts on the cushion pad 11. Therefore, time-series change in load acting on the cushion pad 11 is expressed with a type of waveform shown in
Next, control of the die cushion device 7, executed by the controller section 18, will be explained with reference to
First, the pressure feedback control will be explained.
The pressure command computation section 61 stores a pressure pattern indicating a desirable relation between time and pressure acting on the cushion pad 11 (hereinafter referred to as “cushion pressure”). The pressure command computation section 61 is configured to obtain the cushion pressure corresponding to time based on the pressure pattern and output the obtained cushion pressure as a pressure control signal Sp.
Meanwhile, the pressure sensor 35 is configured to detect the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber 23 and output the value of the detected hydraulic pressure as a pressure feedback signal Spf. Then, a pressure correction signal Spc is generated by subtracting the value of the pressure feedback signal Spf from the value of the pressure control signal Sp. The pressure control section 62 is configured to compute the appropriate speed of the servomotor 49 based on the pressure correction signal Spc and output the computed speed as a motor speed control signal Sr1.
Further, the first speed detector section 15 is configured to detect the speed of the slide 2 and output the value of the detected speed as a slide speed signal Ssv. Then, a motor speed command signal Sr2 is generated by adding the value of the slide speed signal Ssv to the value of the motor speed control signal Sr1.
Meanwhile, the second speed detector section 16 is configured to detect the speed of the support section 13 and output the value of the detected speed as a speed feedback signal Srf. Then, a first speed correction signal Sc1 is generated by subtracting the value of the speed feedback signal Srf from the value of the motor speed command signal Sr2.
Next, the speed difference command section 63 is configured to output a speed difference command signal Svc. Then, a second speed correction signal Sc2 is generated by subtracting the value of the speed difference command signal Svc from the value of the first speed correction signal Sc1. The speed difference command signal Svc is herein a signal for controlling the servomotor 49 to generate a predetermined speed difference between the speed of the slide 2 and the speed of the support section 13. Specifically, the speed difference command section 63 stores a type of the speed difference pattern shown in
In the speed difference pattern, the speed difference peaks at a first point-of-time after the point-of-time of collision and thereafter decreases over time. The shape of the speed difference pattern corresponds to ideal damping force illustrated in
For example, the speed difference pattern can be expressed with the following equation.
Equation 1 is herein set where “Vc” is a speed difference command value; “t” is time; “h” is peak height; “B” is time constant; and “τ” is time delay (τ≧0). It should be noted that the origin is set as a point-of-time delayed from the point-of-time of collision by a period of time “τ”.
Further, the aforementioned “h”, “B”, and “τ” are expressed as functions of “v” (collision speed), “F” (press force), “V0” (initial volume of the accumulator 31), “P0” (initial pressure of the accumulator 31), and “SPM” (molding cycle frequency) as follows.
h=f(v,F,V0,P0,SPM)
B=g(v,F,V0,P0,SPM)=
τ=h(v,F,V0,P0,SPM) Equation 2
The collision speed v herein indicates the relative speed of the slide 2 with respect to the cushion pad 11 at the point-of-time of collision. The press force F indicates force to be applied to the slide 2 by the cushion pad 11. The initial volume V0 of the accumulator 31 indicates the gas volume within the accumulator 31 before the point-of-time of collision. The initial pressure P0 of the accumulator 31 indicates the gas pressure within the accumulator 31 before the point-of-time of collision, i.e., the pressure of the oil contained in the accumulator 31. The molding cycle frequency SPM indicates frequency of molding per a unit time (e.g., a minute), i.e., frequency of reciprocation of the slide 2 per a unit time.
With reference back to
Next, the position feedback control will be explained.
The position command computation section 65 stores a position pattern showing a desirable relation between time and the position of the cushion pad 11. The position command computation section 65 is configured to obtain the position of the cushion pad 11 corresponding to time based on the position pattern and output the obtained position as a position control signal Sh.
Meanwhile, the position detector section 17 is configured to detect the height position of the cushion pad 11 and output the detected height position as a position feedback signal Shf. Then, a position correction signal Shc is generated by subtracting the value of the position feedback signal Shf from the value of the position control signal Sh. The position correction signal Shc is outputted to the position control section 66. The position control section 66 is configured to compute the appropriate speed of the servomotor 49 based on the position correction signal Shc and output a motor speed control signal Sr1. Subsequent signal flow is the same as that in the pressure feedback control. It should be noted that the value of the speed difference command signal Svc from the speed difference command section 63 is set to be zero during execution of the position feedback control.
It should be noted that the control switch section 67 is configured to switch between the pressure feedback control and the position feedback control.
In the die cushion device 7, the shock absorber device 12 includes both the accumulator 31 and the orifice 33. Therefore, press force to the top die 4 by the work 9 can be stabilized at the point-of-time of collision. Further, the orifice 33 compensates slow rising of the pressure by the accumulator 31. The rise time of the press force can be thereby reduced.
Further in the die cushion device 7, the difference between the speed of the slide 2 and the speed of the support section 13 is controlled so that the orifice 33 compensates slow rising of the press force by the accumulator 31. Accordingly, the press force generated at the point-of-time of collision can be accurately controlled.
(a) In the aforementioned exemplary embodiment, the shock absorber devices 12 include the hydraulic circuit 24, and shock is absorbed by the hydraulic pressure. However, any other shock absorber elements may be used. For example, a damper as a damping section may be disposed instead of the orifice 33. Further, a coil spring as an elastic section may be disposed instead of the accumulator 31.
(b) In the aforementioned exemplary embodiment, the speed of the slide 2 is detected, and the difference between the speed of the slide 2 and the speed of the support section 13 is controlled. However, the speed of the cushion pad 11 may be detected and used, while being regarded as the aforementioned speed of the slide 2.
(c) The speed difference pattern may not be limited to the above. For example, any other suitable patterns may be used as long as they compensate slow rising of the press force by the accumulator 31.
(d) In the aforementioned exemplary embodiment, the oil is used in each shock absorber device 12. However, any suitable liquids, excluding the oil, may be used as long as they can absorb shock.
(e) In the aforementioned exemplary embodiment, the orifice 33 is used. However, any other suitable devices may be used as long as they function as restrictors.
(d) The first speed detector section 15 may be a unit configured to detect the position of the slide and differentiate the value of the detected position for obtaining the speed of the slide.
Further, the second speed detector section 16 may be configured to detect the revolution angle of the revolution shaft of the servomotor 49 and differentiate the value of the detected revolution angle for obtaining the revolution speed of the servomotor 49.
The present invention has an advantageous effect of accurately controlling the press force in a rise time. The present invention is therefore useful as a die cushion device.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2008-134818 | May 2008 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/058902 | 5/13/2009 | WO | 00 | 10/26/2010 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
WO2009/142132 | 11/26/2009 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
4431172 | Soda et al. | Feb 1984 | A |
5339665 | Yoshikawa | Aug 1994 | A |
5613416 | Fujita | Mar 1997 | A |
6508739 | Bellinger | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6941789 | Nishihara | Sep 2005 | B2 |
7049775 | Iwashita et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7331208 | Fujibayashi et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
7415862 | Futamura et al. | Aug 2008 | B2 |
7569999 | Hayashi | Aug 2009 | B2 |
7619384 | Iwashita et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
8127590 | Kohno et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
20070006630 | Iwashita et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20080141751 | Baba et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080141851 | Ekstrom | Jun 2008 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2004-189996 | Jan 2006 | JP |
2005-154028 | Jan 2006 | JP |
2006-7296 | Jan 2006 | JP |
2006-015407 | Jan 2006 | JP |
2006-55872 | Mar 2006 | JP |
2006-62254 | Mar 2006 | JP |
2007-069248 | Mar 2007 | JP |
2007-69248 | Mar 2007 | JP |
Entry |
---|
International Search Report of corresponding PCT Application No. PCT/JP2009/058902. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20110045113 A1 | Feb 2011 | US |