The present invention generally relates to wireless communication systems using complex modulation techniques. More specifically, the present invention relates to power amplifier systems for wireless communications.
A wideband mobile communication system using complex modulation techniques, such as wideband code division access (WCDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), has large peak-to average power ratio (PAPR) specifications and hence requires highly linear power amplifiers for its RF transmissions. The conventional feedforward linear power amplifier (FFLPA) has been widely utilized due to its excellent linearity performance in spite of poor power efficiency.
Conventional FFLPAs are mainly based on the principle of error subtraction and power-matching with dedicated hardware circuitries to realize non-linear corrections to PA. These approaches must use an auxiliary PA and complicated hardware circuitries to match exactly the transmitted power-balance, time-delay and errors generated by the main PA. After a perfect matching is obtained, the non-linear distortion errors from the main PA can then be canceled by those distortion errors from the auxiliary PA. Due to the complexities of the nonlinear predistortion circuits, which among other things involve many variables and parameters, FFLPAs require significant fine tuning and other calibration efforts. In addition, such traditional FFLPA schemes are also vulnerable to fluctuating environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity changes, since perfect alignment of the main PA's signal and that of the auxiliary PA are vital. As a result, traditional predistortion schemes are costly to implement and are limited in their predistortion accuracy and stability in a commercial wireless system environment.
In order to overcome the FFLPA's poor efficiency, digital baseband predistortion (PD) has been demonstrated due to the recent advances in digital signal processing (DSP) technology. In addition, Doherty power amplifiers (DPA) have also been applied to these linearization systems to improve power efficiency. However, there is still a demand for higher performance of the power amplifier such as more linearity and better efficiency with less expensive architecture.
Conventional DSP-based PD schemes utilize digital microprocessors to compute, calculate and correct the PA's nonlinearities: they perform fast tracking and adjustments of signals in the PA system. However, conventional DSP-based PD schemes are challenged by variations of the linearity performance of the amplifier due to the environment changing such as temperature and the asymmetric distortions of the output signal of the PA resulting from memory effects. All these variations and distortions have to be compensated for. Since conventional PD algorithms are based on a wideband feedback signal, they require a power-intensive and expensive high speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in order to capture necessary information, if at all possible, for processing. In addition, time-synchronizations are also inevitable in order to capture an error signal between a reference signal and a distorted signal. This time-matching process may result in small synchronization errors which can further affect conventional PD schemes' linearization performance.
Moreover, conventional PD schemes necessitate coded in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) channel signals in the baseband as the required ideal or reference signals. As a result, conventional PD schemes are often standard or modulation specific and must be closely tailored to each baseband system. Therefore, in order to deploy conventional PD schemes into base-stations, the PD engines must be embedded into the baseband architecture of base-stations. This embedment is a practical implementation challenge since it is frequently inconvenient or impossible to modify the baseband architectures of existing base-stations or base-station designs. Once the PD scheme is set up for a specific base-station design, it is often not reconfigurable and hence not upgradeable to future changes in standards or modulations. Furthermore, since traditional PD approaches require baseband I-Q signal sources to operate, they are inapplicable to certain RF systems that do not possess any baseband I-Q signal sources, such as repeater and indoor signal coverage sub-systems.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a high performance and cost effective method of power amplifier systems with high linearity and high efficiency for wideband communication system applications. The present disclosure enables a power amplifier system to be field reconfigurable and support multi-modulation schemes (modulation agnostic), multi-carriers and multi-channels.
To achieve the above objects, according to the present invention, the technique is generally based on the method of adaptive digital predistortion to linearize a power amplifier in the RF domain. Various embodiments of the invention are disclosed. In an embodiment, the combination of crest factor reduction, PD, power efficiency boosting techniques as well as a simple algorithm with spectrum monitoring are utilized within a PA system. In another embodiment, analog quadrature modulator compensation structure is also utilized to enhance performance.
Some embodiments of the present invention are able to monitor the fluctuation of the power amplifier characteristics and to self-adjust by means of a self-adaptation algorithm. One such self-adaptation algorithm presently disclosed is called a multi-directional search (MDS) algorithm, which is implemented in the digital domain.
Applications of the present invention are suitable for use with all wireless base-stations, access points, mobile equipment and wireless terminals, portable wireless devices, and other wireless communication systems such as microwave and satellite communications.
Appendix I is a glossary of terms used herein, including acronyms.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
The present invention is a novel RF-in/RF-out PA system that utilizes an adaptive digital predistortion algorithm. The present invention is a hybrid system of digital and analog modules. The interplay of the digital and analog modules of the hybrid system both linearize the spectral regrowth and enhance the power efficiency of the PA while maintaining or increasing the wide bandwidth. The present invention, therefore, achieves higher efficiency and higher linearity for wideband complex modulation carriers.
The FPGA-based Digital part comprises a digital processor 530 (e.g. FPGA), digital-to-analog converters 535 (DACs), analog-to-digital converters 540 (ADCs), and a phase-locked loop (PLL) 545. Since the
The RF-in Mode of the
The Baseband-in Mode of
In either input mode, the memory effects due to self-heating, bias networks, and frequency dependencies of the active device are compensated by the adaptation algorithm in the PD, as well. The coefficients of the PD are adapted by a narrowband feedback using a simple power detector in the feedback part as opposed to prior art predistortion techniques that use wideband feedback which requires a very high speed ADC. The predistorted signal is passed through a DQM in order to generate the real signal and then converted to an IF analog signal by the DAC 535 as shown. As disclosed above, the DQM is not required to be implemented in the FPGA, or at all, in all embodiments. If the DQM is not used in the FPGA, then the AQM Implementation can be implemented with two DACs to generate real and imaginary signals, respectively. The gate bias voltage 550 of the power amplifier is determined by the adaptation algorithm and then adjusted through the DACs 535 in order to stabilize the linearity fluctuations due to the temperature changes in the power amplifier. The PLL sweeps the local oscillation signal for the feedback part in order to, first, find the channel locations and then detect the adjacent channel power level or the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR).
The power amplifier part comprises a UPC for a real signal (such as illustrated in the embodiments shown in
The feedback portion comprises a directional coupler, a mixer, a low pass filter (LPF), gain amplifiers and, a band pass filter (BPF), detectors (DETs). Depending upon the embodiment, these analog components can be mixed and matched with other analog components. Part of the RF output signal of the amplifier is sampled by the directional coupler and then down converted to an IF analog signal by the local oscillation signal in the mixer. The IF analog signal is passing through the LPF, the gain amplifier, and the BPF (e.g., surface acoustic wave filter) which can capture different frequency portions of out-of-band distortions. The output of the BPF is provided to the detector and then to the ADCs of the FPGA-based Digital module in order to determine the dynamic parameters of the PD depending on output power levels and asymmetrical distortions due to the memory effects. In addition, temperature is also detected by the DET 580 to calculate the variation of linearity and then adjust gate bias voltage of the PA. More details of the PD algorithm and self-adaptation feedback algorithm can be appreciated from
In the case of a strict EVM requirement for broadband wireless access such as WiMAX or other OFDM based schemes (EVM<2.5%), the CFR in the FPGA-based Digital part is only able to achieve a small reduction of the PAPR in order to meet the strict EVM specification. In general circumstances, this means the CFR's power efficiency enhancement capability is limited. In some embodiments of the present invention, a novel technique is included to compensate the in-band distortions from CFR by use of a “Clipping Error Restoration Path” 590, hence maximizing the DHMPA system power efficiency in those strict EVM environments. As noted above, the Clipping Error Restoration Path has an additional DAC 520 in the FPGA-based Digital portion and an extra UPC in the power amplifier part (see
In
The configuration of the power amplifier part and the feedback part of
In
For purposes of simplicity, but not by way of limitation, WCDMA has been used as an example to illustrate the self-adaptation feedback part and the MDS algorithm. The present invention is by no means limited to WCDMA, since the present invention is standard and modulation agnostic. In WCDMA applications, 12 WCDMA channels are detected first by sweeping PLL in the feedback part (401) in order to search the activated and deactivated channels. Once channel locations are searched (402), the feedback part detects adjacent channel power level or ACPR (especially 5 MHz offset components) again by sweeping PLL (403). Then initialize predistortion and apply the MDS algorithm as follows:
At any iteration k, evaluate each coefficients set, then find the optimum set, aok (404)
Rotation 405: rotate aok and evaluate. If min{f(ank), i=1, . . . , n}<f(aok) is achieved (406), then go to the Expansion 407; or else go to Contraction 409.
Expansion 407: expand ank and evaluate. If min{f(aeik), i=1, . . . , n}<min{f(ank), i=1, . . . , n} is achieved (408), then set aok=eik; or else set aok=ank and go to (1)
Contraction 409: contract aok, evaluate, and set aok=acik, then go to (1)
where, a is a vector of coefficients for multiple FIR filters, and f is the evaluation function, which is the adjacent channel power level or the ACPR.
The algorithm stops if the evaluation function is less than the minimum target value (410). This MDS algorithm is elegantly simple to be implemented.
In summary, the DHMPA system of the present invention could enhance the performance for the efficiency and linearity more effectively since the DHMPA system is able to implement CFR, DPD and adaptation algorithm in one digital processor, which subsequently saves hardware resources and processing time. The DHMPA system is also reconfigurable and field-programmable since the algorithms and power efficiency enhancing features can be adjusted like software in the digital processor at anytime.
Furthermore, since the DHMPA system accepts RF modulated signal as input, it is not necessary to use the coded I and Q channel signals in the baseband. Therefore, the performance of wireless base-station systems can be enhanced simply by replacing the existing PA modules with the DHMPA. The present invention allows a “plug and play” PA system solution such that existing base-station systems do not need to modify their structures and/or rebuild a new set of signal channels in order to benefit from high efficiency and high linearity PA system performance.
Moreover, the DHMPA system is agnostic to modulation schemes such as QPSK, QAM, OFDM, etc. in CDMA, GSM, WCDMA, CDMA2000, and wireless LAN systems. This means that the DHMPA system is capable of supporting multi-modulation schemes, multi-carriers and multi-channels. Other benefits of the DHMPA system includes correction of PA non-linearities in repeater or indoor coverage systems that do not have the necessary baseband signals information readily available.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the details described thereof. Various substitutions and modifications have been suggested in the foregoing description, and others will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all such substitutions and modifications are intended to be embraced within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio
ACPR Adjacent Channel Power Ratio
ADC Analog to Digital Converter
AQDM Analog Quadrature Demodulator
AQM Analog Quadrature Modulator
AQDMC Analog Quadrature Demodulator Corrector
AQMC Analog Quadrature Modulator Corrector
BPF Bandpass Filter
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CFR Crest Factor Reduction
DAC Digital to Analog Converter
DET Detector
DHMPA Digital Hybrid Mode Power Amplifier
DDC Digital Down Converter
DNC Down Converter
DPA Doherty Power Amplifier
DQDM Digital Quadrature Demodulator
DQM Digital Quadrature Modulator
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DUC Digital Up Converter
EER Envelope Elimination and Restoration
EF Envelope Following
ET Envelope Tracking
EVM Error Vector Magnitude
FFLPA Feedforward Linear Power Amplifier
FIR Finite Impulse Response
FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
I-Q In-phase/Quadrature
IF Intermediate Frequency
LINC Linear Amplification using Nonlinear Components
LO Local Oscillator
LPF Low Pass Filter
MCPA Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier
MDS Multi-Directional Search
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
PA Power Amplifier
PAPR Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
PD Digital Baseband Predistortion
PLL Phase Locked Loop
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
RF Radio Frequency
SAW Surface Acoustic Wave Filter
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecomrnmunications System
UPC Up Converter
WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/684,580, filed Aug. 23, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/271,881, filed on May 7, 2014; now U.S. Pat. No. 9,768,739 on Sep. 19, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/108,502, filed on Apr. 23, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,811,917; which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/925,603, filed Apr. 23, 2007. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/108,502 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/021,241, filed on Jan. 28, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,380,143; which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/799,239, filed Apr. 30, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,064,850; which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/262,079, filed Oct. 27, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,326,238; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/137,556, filed May 1, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,985,704. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/108,502 further claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/041,164, filed Mar. 31, 2008; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/012,416, filed Dec. 7, 2007; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/925,577, filed Apr. 23, 2007; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/969,127, filed Aug. 30, 2007; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/969,131, filed Aug. 30, 2007. The disclosures of these applications, and issued patents, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
4638248 | Schweicker | Jan 1987 | A |
4700151 | Nagata | Oct 1987 | A |
4755795 | Page | Jul 1988 | A |
4890300 | Andrews | Dec 1989 | A |
4929906 | Voyce et al. | May 1990 | A |
4999831 | Grace | Mar 1991 | A |
5049832 | Cavers | Sep 1991 | A |
5105445 | Karam et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
5107520 | Karam et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
5121412 | Borth | Jun 1992 | A |
5132639 | Blauelt et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
5396190 | Murata | Mar 1995 | A |
5404378 | Kimura | Apr 1995 | A |
5457557 | Zarem et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
5486789 | Palandech et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
5524286 | Chiesa et al. | Jun 1996 | A |
5579341 | Smith et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5579342 | Crozier | Nov 1996 | A |
5589797 | Gans et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5596600 | Dimes et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5619202 | Wilson et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5621730 | Kelley | Apr 1997 | A |
5627879 | Russell et al. | May 1997 | A |
5644622 | Russell et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5655220 | Weiland et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5675287 | Baker et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
5678198 | Lemson | Oct 1997 | A |
5699383 | Ichiyoshi | Dec 1997 | A |
5732333 | Cox et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5740520 | Cyze et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5748683 | Smith et al. | May 1998 | A |
5757229 | Mitzlaff | May 1998 | A |
5786728 | Alinikula | Jul 1998 | A |
5794153 | Ariyavisitakul et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5810888 | Fenn | Sep 1998 | A |
5818883 | Smith et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5831479 | Leffel et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5852651 | Fischer et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5870668 | Takano et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5880863 | Rideout et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5898338 | Proctor et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5920808 | Jones et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5923712 | Leyendecker et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5936464 | Grondahl | Aug 1999 | A |
5937011 | Carney et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5949283 | Proctor et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5959499 | Khan et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5959500 | Garrido | Sep 1999 | A |
5963549 | Perkins et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5973011 | Noack et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
6005506 | Bazarjani et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6005884 | Cook et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6014366 | Ichiyoshi | Jan 2000 | A |
6054896 | Wright et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6055418 | Harris et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6072364 | Jeckeln et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6081158 | Twitchell et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6091941 | Moriyama et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6112086 | Wala | Aug 2000 | A |
6124758 | Korte et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6141390 | Cova | Oct 2000 | A |
6166601 | Shalom | Dec 2000 | A |
6208698 | Marchesani et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6215354 | Kolanek et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6236267 | Anzil | May 2001 | B1 |
6240144 | Ha | May 2001 | B1 |
6242979 | Li | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6246286 | Persson | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6246865 | Lee | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6252912 | Salinger | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6253094 | Schmutz | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6266531 | Zadeh et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6275685 | Wessel et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6288610 | Miyashita | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6301579 | Becker | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6313703 | Wright et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6314142 | Perthold et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6315189 | Williams | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6320463 | Leva et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6351189 | Hirvilampi | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6353600 | Schwartz et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6356146 | Wright et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6356369 | Farhan | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6356555 | Rakib et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6359504 | Cozzarelli | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6373611 | Farhan et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6373902 | Park et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6388518 | Miyatani | May 2002 | B1 |
6393007 | Haartsen | May 2002 | B1 |
6400774 | Matsuoka et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6424225 | Choi et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6430402 | Agahi-Kesheh | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6437644 | Kenington | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6489846 | Hatsugai | Dec 2002 | B2 |
6493335 | Darcie et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6512417 | Booth et al. | Jan 2003 | B2 |
6549067 | Kenington | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6552609 | Hamada et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6552634 | Raab | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6566944 | Pehlke et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6587514 | Wright et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6591090 | Vuorio et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6594496 | Schwartz | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6600406 | Ha | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6600792 | Antonio et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6614854 | Chow et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6625429 | Yamashita | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6639050 | Kieliszewski | Oct 2003 | B1 |
6639463 | Ghanadan et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
6639466 | Johnson | Oct 2003 | B2 |
6639950 | Lagerblom et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
6657993 | Casanova et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6677870 | Im et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
6697436 | Wright et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6697603 | Lovinggood et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6703897 | O'Flaherty et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6704545 | Wala | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6724737 | Boyden et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
6741662 | Francos et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
6741663 | Tapio et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
6741867 | Tetsuya | May 2004 | B1 |
6747649 | Sanz-Pastor et al. | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6751447 | Jin | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6785558 | Stratford et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6794931 | Kenington | Sep 2004 | B2 |
6801767 | Schwartz et al. | Oct 2004 | B1 |
6804540 | Shepherd et al. | Oct 2004 | B1 |
6826164 | Mani et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
6831901 | Millar | Dec 2004 | B2 |
6836660 | Wala | Dec 2004 | B1 |
6885241 | Huang et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
6898252 | Yellin et al. | May 2005 | B1 |
6907085 | Kubo et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
6963242 | White et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
6963552 | Sabat, Jr. et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
6973139 | Ahn et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
6980527 | Liu et al. | Dec 2005 | B1 |
6983025 | Schell | Jan 2006 | B2 |
6985704 | Yang et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
6998909 | Mauer | Feb 2006 | B1 |
7023273 | Johnson et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7031749 | Mitama | Apr 2006 | B1 |
7034612 | Kim | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7035345 | Jeckeln et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7042287 | Robinson | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7061314 | Kwon et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7064606 | Louis | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7068984 | Mathe et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7071777 | McBeath et al. | Jul 2006 | B2 |
7079818 | Khorram | Jul 2006 | B2 |
7098734 | Hongo et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7102442 | Anderson | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7103329 | Thon | Sep 2006 | B1 |
7104310 | Hunter | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7106806 | Kenington | Sep 2006 | B1 |
7109792 | Leffel | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7109998 | Smith | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7123890 | Kenington et al. | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7145704 | Islam | Dec 2006 | B1 |
7151913 | Ahmed | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7158765 | Blair et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7190222 | Okazaki et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7193471 | Tsutsui et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7193472 | Gotou et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7197085 | Vella-Coleiro | Mar 2007 | B1 |
7248642 | Vella-Coleiro | Jul 2007 | B1 |
7251293 | Vella-Coleiro | Jul 2007 | B2 |
7257328 | Levinson et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7259630 | Bachman, II et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7283519 | Girard | Oct 2007 | B2 |
7286507 | Oh et al. | Oct 2007 | B1 |
7301402 | Norris et al. | Nov 2007 | B2 |
7321635 | Ocenasek et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
7321636 | Harel et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
7333559 | Song et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
7339891 | Binder et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7339897 | Larsson et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7362776 | Meier et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
7372918 | Muller et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
7409007 | Johnson et al. | Aug 2008 | B1 |
7469491 | McCallister et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
7489632 | Lakkakorpi | Feb 2009 | B2 |
7493094 | Ichitsubo et al. | Feb 2009 | B2 |
7496367 | Ozturk et al. | Feb 2009 | B1 |
7593710 | Brigaud et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
7610460 | Watanabe et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7634536 | Halasz | Dec 2009 | B2 |
7639982 | Wala | Dec 2009 | B2 |
7650112 | Utsumi et al. | Jan 2010 | B2 |
7702300 | McCune | Apr 2010 | B1 |
7765294 | Edwards et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7787854 | Conyers et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7801038 | Liao et al. | Sep 2010 | B2 |
7826369 | Filsfils et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7826810 | Carmel et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7831221 | Leffel et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7848747 | Wala | Dec 2010 | B2 |
7848770 | Scheinert | Dec 2010 | B2 |
7855977 | Morrison et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
RE42287 | Apodaca et al. | Apr 2011 | E |
3010116 | Scheinert | Aug 2011 | A1 |
8010099 | Ma et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8032148 | Hettstedt et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8036226 | Ma et al. | Oct 2011 | B1 |
8064850 | Yang et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8098572 | Zhou et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8112094 | Wellington | Feb 2012 | B1 |
8139492 | Peterson et al. | Mar 2012 | B1 |
8149950 | Kim et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8213401 | Fischer et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8213884 | Kim et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8274332 | Cho et al. | Sep 2012 | B2 |
8326218 | Wala | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8326238 | Yang et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8346091 | Kummetz et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8346160 | Kummetz | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8351877 | Kim et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8363628 | Chi et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8369272 | Barbaresi et al. | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8380143 | Yang et al. | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8401499 | Kim et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8446530 | Bellers | May 2013 | B2 |
8451735 | Li | May 2013 | B2 |
8472897 | Yang | Jun 2013 | B1 |
8478331 | Rogers et al. | Jul 2013 | B1 |
8509347 | Kim et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8520603 | Kozisek et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8527003 | Gupta et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8532242 | Fischer et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8542768 | Kim et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8548403 | Kim et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8548526 | Schmidt et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8577286 | Wala | Nov 2013 | B2 |
8583100 | Koziy et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
8620234 | Yang et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8681917 | McAllister et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
8682338 | Lemson et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
8730786 | Wang et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8731495 | Yang et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8737300 | Stapleton et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8737454 | Wala et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8804870 | Kim et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8811917 | Kim et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8842649 | Liu et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
8855489 | Boldi et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8958789 | Bauman et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
9026067 | Stapleton et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
9031521 | Yang et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
9054758 | Yang et al. | Jun 2015 | B2 |
9077297 | Yang et al. | Jul 2015 | B2 |
9137078 | Stapleton et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
9148324 | Stapleton et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
9374196 | Yang et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9419714 | Lemson et al. | Aug 2016 | B2 |
9419837 | Stapleton et al. | Aug 2016 | B2 |
9531473 | Lemson et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9742446 | Yang et al. | Aug 2017 | B2 |
9768739 | Kim et al. | Sep 2017 | B2 |
9820171 | Lemson et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
10045314 | Stapleton et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
10080178 | Stapleton et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
10097142 | Yang et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
10159074 | Lemson et al. | Dec 2018 | B2 |
10305521 | Yang et al. | May 2019 | B2 |
10334499 | Stapleton et al. | Jun 2019 | B2 |
10693425 | Yang et al. | Jun 2020 | B2 |
20010005402 | Nagatani et al. | Jun 2001 | A1 |
20010034223 | Rieser et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
20010051504 | Kubo et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
20020024398 | Lagerblom et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020025790 | Matsuoka | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020034260 | Kim | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020041208 | Hamada et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020041209 | Miyatani | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020044014 | Wright et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020075906 | Cole et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020080891 | Ahn et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020086675 | Mansour | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020093926 | Kilfoyle | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020097085 | Stapleton | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020101937 | Antonio et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020101938 | Horaguchi et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020158689 | Harris et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020179830 | Pearson et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020186436 | Mani et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020186783 | Opas et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020187761 | Im et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020187809 | Mani et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020191565 | Mani et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020191710 | Jeckeln et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020193085 | Mathe et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020193087 | Kim | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20030021263 | Lee | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030021278 | Domschitz et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030035494 | Bauder et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030058959 | Rafie et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030095608 | Dupenay | May 2003 | A1 |
20030098752 | Haghighat | May 2003 | A1 |
20030104792 | Doi | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030112068 | Kenington | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030137932 | Nishioka et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030143947 | Lyu | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030146787 | Hedberg et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030179829 | Pinckley et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030179830 | Eidson et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030181221 | Nguyen | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030207680 | Yang et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
20030227981 | Vella-Coleiro et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20030228856 | Orihashi et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20030234688 | Matsuyoshi et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20040017859 | Sills et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
20040032912 | Ocenasek et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040053624 | Frank et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040105509 | McGowan et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
20040136470 | DeBruyn et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040142667 | Lohhead et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040179587 | Kenington et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040180634 | Kenington et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040183672 | Krishan et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040203542 | Seo et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040208259 | Hunton | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040212428 | Ode et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040240585 | Bishop et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20040247042 | Sahlman | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20050008096 | Iwasaki et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050059360 | Kenington | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050068102 | Hongo et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050079834 | Maniwa et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
20050143091 | Shapira et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050152695 | Sulzberger et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050157675 | Feder et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050157814 | Cova et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050159117 | Bausov et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050164667 | Pan et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050174954 | Yun et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050180526 | Kim et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050180527 | Suzuki et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050181812 | Scheck | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050190857 | Braithwaite | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050195919 | Cova | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050206564 | Mao et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050220066 | Wal et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20050226346 | Ode et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20050253652 | Song et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20050258898 | Hongo | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20050262498 | Ferguson et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20060012426 | Nezami | Jan 2006 | A1 |
20060012427 | Nezami | Jan 2006 | A1 |
20060046665 | Yang et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060067426 | Maltsev et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060094470 | Wake et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060109052 | Saed et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060121858 | Tanaka et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060121944 | Buscaglia et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060141957 | Fischer et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060214729 | Furuya et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060217083 | Braithwaite | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060226903 | Muller et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060238245 | Carichner et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060239266 | Babbar et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060240786 | Liu | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060262880 | Mizuta et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060270366 | Rozenblit et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060276147 | Suzuki et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
20070019598 | Prehofer | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070057737 | Davis et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070058742 | Demarco et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070064506 | Bauman et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070065078 | Jiang | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070066234 | Lastinger et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070075780 | Krvavac et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070116046 | Liu et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070121543 | Kuchibhotla et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070135065 | Leffel et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070147488 | Han | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070171234 | Crawfis et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070177552 | Wu et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
20070190952 | Waheed et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
20070223614 | Kuchibhotla et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070241812 | Yang et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20070264947 | Rozenblit et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20070273439 | Lin et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20070281643 | Kawai | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20070296494 | Hongo | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20080031380 | Takabayashi | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080045254 | Gupta et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080051129 | Abe et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080058018 | Scheinert | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080068191 | Maeda et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080069032 | Liu | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080070632 | Obuchi et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080089689 | Sakama | Apr 2008 | A1 |
20080094139 | Takano et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
20080107014 | Huang et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
20080119198 | Hettstedt et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
20080139140 | Matero et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080146146 | Binder et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080152037 | Kim et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080165882 | Hedayat et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080225816 | Osterling et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080240036 | Liu et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080240286 | Zhang et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080265996 | Kim et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20090003196 | Capece et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090013317 | Abfalter et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090046586 | Stuart et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090060088 | Callard et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090060496 | Liu et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090082010 | Lee et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090088093 | Nentwig | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090146736 | Kim et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090146870 | Thome et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090154621 | Shapira et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090170543 | Mostafa et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090180407 | Sabt et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090180426 | Sabat et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090180462 | Duerdodt et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090191891 | Ma et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090213972 | Maunuksela et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090238566 | Boldi et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090252094 | Chang et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090252136 | Mahany et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090274048 | Sambhwani et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090274085 | Wang et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090286484 | Phung et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20100002661 | Schmidt et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100075678 | Akman et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100087227 | Francos et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100112981 | Suh et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100118921 | Abdelmonem et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100128676 | Wu et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100130130 | Liu | May 2010 | A1 |
20100136932 | Osterling et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100136998 | Lott et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100157901 | Sanderovitz et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100177759 | Fischer et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100177760 | Cannon et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100178936 | Wala et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100182984 | Herscovici et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100202565 | Abbasfar | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100238904 | Zhang et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100247105 | Yu | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100271957 | Stapleton et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100278530 | Kummetz et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100279704 | Vachhani | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100291949 | Shapira et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100296816 | Larsen | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100299173 | Zampiello et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100304773 | Ramprashad | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20100311372 | Bouyaud et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20100324814 | Wu et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20110009056 | Hanson et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
20110069657 | Gholmieh et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
20110103309 | Wang et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
20110135013 | Wegener | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110135308 | Tarlazzi et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110158116 | Tenny et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110195673 | Pratt et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110223958 | Chen et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110237178 | Seki et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110241425 | Hunter, Jr. et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110249708 | Maca | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110281579 | Kummetz | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20110287791 | Fujishima et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20120002586 | Gainey et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120039254 | Stapleton et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120057572 | Evans et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120127938 | Lv et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120147993 | Kim et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
20120150521 | Balkwill | Jun 2012 | A1 |
20120230382 | Kim et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120281565 | Sauer | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20130214861 | Kim et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
20130272202 | Stapleton et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130315291 | Kim et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20140126914 | Berlin et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140286247 | Lemson et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140313884 | Stapleton et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
20140327481 | Kim et al. | Nov 2014 | A1 |
20150092830 | Kim et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
20160014782 | Stapleton et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
20160080082 | Lemson et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
20160269210 | Kim et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
20170033969 | Yang et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
20170055198 | Stapleton et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
20170070897 | Lemson et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
20170181008 | Fischer | Jun 2017 | A1 |
20170214420 | Phillips et al. | Jul 2017 | A1 |
20170238318 | Lemson et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
20180102747 | Kim et al. | Apr 2018 | A1 |
20180279197 | Kim et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20190208523 | Lemson et al. | Jul 2019 | A1 |
20190288900 | Yang et al. | Sep 2019 | A1 |
20200083914 | Yang et al. | Mar 2020 | A1 |
20200092787 | Stapleton et al. | Mar 2020 | A1 |
20200146015 | Lemson et al. | May 2020 | A1 |
20200169937 | Kim et al. | May 2020 | A1 |
20200267732 | Lemson et al. | Aug 2020 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
1288341 | Mar 2001 | CN |
1297608 | May 2001 | CN |
1349679 | May 2002 | CN |
1462153 | Dec 2003 | CN |
1518209 | Aug 2004 | CN |
1531213 | Sep 2004 | CN |
1578119 | Feb 2005 | CN |
1605152 | Apr 2005 | CN |
1640086 | Jul 2005 | CN |
1652520 | Aug 2005 | CN |
1700591 | Nov 2005 | CN |
1774094 | May 2006 | CN |
1838530 | Jun 2006 | CN |
1866731 | Nov 2006 | CN |
1983801 | Jun 2007 | CN |
100341292 | Oct 2007 | CN |
201127027 | Oct 2008 | CN |
101394647 | Mar 2009 | CN |
101453699 | Jun 2009 | CN |
101453799 | Jun 2009 | CN |
101521893 | Sep 2009 | CN |
101523969 | Sep 2009 | CN |
201307942 | Sep 2009 | CN |
101621806 | Jan 2010 | CN |
101754229 | Jun 2010 | CN |
101754431 | Jun 2010 | CN |
102460385 | May 2012 | CN |
103201958 | Jul 2013 | CN |
104202279 | Dec 2014 | CN |
0 368 673 | May 1990 | EP |
0 642 243 | Mar 1995 | EP |
1 118 234 | Jul 2001 | EP |
1 566 979 | Aug 2005 | EP |
1798853 | Jun 2007 | EP |
2430531 | Mar 2012 | EP |
8527CHENP2011 | Mar 2013 | IN |
1992-207532 | Jul 1992 | JP |
1993-136724 | Jan 1993 | JP |
H09-284149 | Oct 1997 | JP |
2000-092412 | Mar 2000 | JP |
2000-512107 | Sep 2000 | JP |
2000-278237 | Oct 2000 | JP |
2001-268032 | Jun 2001 | JP |
2001-508954 | Jul 2001 | JP |
2001-217885 | Aug 2001 | JP |
2001-244757 | Sep 2001 | JP |
2002-158615 | May 2002 | JP |
2002-536902 | Oct 2002 | JP |
2003-168931 | Jun 2003 | JP |
2003-304122 | Oct 2003 | JP |
2004-015364 | Jan 2004 | JP |
2004-147009 | May 2004 | JP |
2005-020675 | Jan 2005 | JP |
2005-033632 | Feb 2005 | JP |
2005-101908 | Apr 2005 | JP |
2005-150932 | Jun 2005 | JP |
2005-217714 | Aug 2005 | JP |
2005-333353 | Dec 2005 | JP |
2006-505160 | Feb 2006 | JP |
2006-340166 | Dec 2006 | JP |
2007-006163 | Jan 2007 | JP |
2007-020157 | Jan 2007 | JP |
2007-104018 | Apr 2007 | JP |
2007-195056 | Aug 2007 | JP |
2007-523577 | Aug 2007 | JP |
2007-235738 | Sep 2007 | JP |
2008-135955 | Jun 2008 | JP |
2009-038688 | Feb 2009 | JP |
2009-296335 | Dec 2009 | JP |
2010-166531 | Jul 2010 | JP |
2012-525093 | Oct 2012 | JP |
2018-064298 | Apr 2018 | JP |
10-1996-0702978 | May 1996 | KR |
10-2000-0016621 | Mar 2000 | KR |
2000-0039780 | Jul 2000 | KR |
10-2004-0054420 | Jun 2004 | KR |
10-2005-0006725 | Jan 2005 | KR |
10-2005-0052556 | Jun 2005 | KR |
10-2006-0109997 | Oct 2006 | KR |
2009-0088083 | Aug 2009 | KR |
10-2010-017270 | Feb 2010 | KR |
10-2014-0026321 | Mar 2014 | KR |
101874655 | Jul 2018 | KR |
I 261419 | Sep 2006 | TW |
WO 9748181 | Dec 1997 | WO |
9824256 | Jun 1998 | WO |
0019750 | Apr 2000 | WO |
WO 0046916 | Aug 2000 | WO |
WO 0108296 | Feb 2001 | WO |
0156197 | Aug 2001 | WO |
0223956 | Mar 2002 | WO |
02102102 | Dec 2002 | WO |
WO 2004040870 | May 2004 | WO |
WO 2005076495 | Aug 2005 | WO |
WO 2006025213 | Mar 2006 | WO |
2006040653 | Apr 2006 | WO |
WO 2006087864 | Aug 2006 | WO |
WO 2006102278 | Sep 2006 | WO |
WO 2007004252 | Jan 2007 | WO |
2007127543 | Nov 2007 | WO |
2008036976 | Mar 2008 | WO |
WO 2008078195 | Jul 2008 | WO |
WO 2008105775 | Sep 2008 | WO |
2008146394 | Dec 2008 | WO |
WO 2008154077 | Dec 2008 | WO |
WO 2008155610 | Dec 2008 | WO |
WO 2009109808 | Sep 2009 | WO |
2010008794 | Jan 2010 | WO |
2010124297 | Oct 2010 | WO |
WO 2010124297 | Oct 2010 | WO |
2010133942 | Nov 2010 | WO |
2012024343 | Feb 2012 | WO |
2012024345 | Feb 2012 | WO |
2012024349 | Feb 2012 | WO |
Entry |
---|
Mekechuk, Kelly et al. “Linearizing Power Amplifiers Using Digital Predistortion, EDA tools and Test Hardware” High Frequency Electronics; Apr. 2004. |
Translation of First Office Action for Chinese Application No. 200780051434.2, dated Mar. 6, 2013. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200780051434.2, dated Jan. 2, 2014. |
Board Decision (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Sep. 28, 2020. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 16/230,750, dated Dec. 14, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/388,680, dated Oct. 30, 2020, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/901,116, dated Sep. 22, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/961,969, dated Sep. 23, 2010. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/961,969, dated May 10, 2011. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/961,969, dated Nov. 25, 2011. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/404,679, dated Aug. 28, 2012. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 13/404,679, dated Feb. 5, 2013. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/887,133, dated Nov. 7, 2013. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 13/887,133, dated Jun. 6, 2014. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/480,285, dated Jan. 30, 2015. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/480,285, dated Sep. 16, 2015. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/991,264 dated Jun. 30, 2016. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/991,264 dated Apr. 28, 2017. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/991,264 dated Oct. 19. 2017. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/875,936 dated Oct. 5, 2018. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/875,936 dated Apr. 2, 2019. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/777,306 dated Jun. 23, 2020. |
U.S. Appl. No. 16/901,116, filed Jun. 15, 2020, Yang et al.. |
U.S. Appl. No. 13/886,190, filed May 2, 2013, Yang. |
U.S. Appl. No. 60/795,820, filed Apr. 28, 2006, Yang et al.. |
U.S. Appl. No. 60/876,640, filed Dec. 22, 2006, Yang et al.. |
Armstrong, J. Abstract for “Peak-to-Average Power Reduction for OFDM by Repeated Clipping and Frequency Domain Filtering” IEEE Electronics Letters; vol. 38, Issue 5; Feb. 2002. |
Bernardini, A, et al. “Analysis of Different Optimization Criteria for IF Predistortion in Digital Radio Links with Nonlinear Amplifiers” IEEE Transactions on Communications; vol. 45, Issue 4; Apr. 1997. |
Cavers, J.K. “Adaptive Behaviour of a Feedforward Amplifer Linearizer” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology; vol. 44, No. 1; Feb. 1995. |
Cavers, J.K. “Amplifier Linearization Using Digital Predistorter with Fast Adaptation and Low Memory Requirements” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology; vol. 39, Issue 4; Nov. 1990. |
Ding, Lei et al., “A Hammerstein Predistortion Linearization Design Based on The Indirect Learning Architecture” IEEE Int'l Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 3; 2002. |
Ding, Lei “Digital Predistortion of Power Amplifiers for Wireless Applications” School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology; Mar. 2004. |
Eun, Changsoo et al. “A New Volterra Predistorter Based on the Indirect Learning Architecture” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 45, No. 1, Jan. 1997. |
Falukner, M., et al. “Adaptive Linearization Using Predistortion—Experimental Results” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology; vol. 43, Issue 2; May 1994. |
Hilborn, Derek S. et al. “An Adaptive Direct Conversion Transmitter” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology; vol. 43, No. 2, May 1994. |
Kim, W.J., et al. “Baseband Derived RF Digital Predistortion” Electronic Letters; Vo. 42, No. 8; Apr. 13, 2006. |
Kim, Wan-Jong “Digital Predistortion Linearization and Crest Factor Reduction for Wideband Applications” 2006. |
Kim, Wan-Jong et al. “Digital Predistortion Linearizes Wireless Power Amplifiers” IEEE Microwave Magazine, vol. 6, Issue 3, Sep. 2005. |
Kim, Wan-Jong et al. Abstract for “Digital Predistortion of a Doherty Amplifier With a Weak Memory within a Connected Solution” IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, vol. 3, Sep. 2004. |
Kim, Wan-Jong, et al. “Piecewise Pre-Equalized Linearization of the Wireless Transmitter with a Dohery Amplifier” IEEE Transactions on Microwage Theory and Techniques; vol. 54, No. 9; Sep. 2006. |
Leung, S.H., et al. Abstract For “Algorithm for Repeated Clipping and Filtering in Peak-to-Average Power Reduction for OFDM” IEEE Electronic Letters; vol. 38; Issue 25; Dec. 5, 2002. |
Nagata. Y. et al. “Linear Amplification Technique for Digital Mobile Communications” IEEE 39th Vehicular Technology Conference; May 1989. |
Santella, G “Performance of Adaptive Predistorters in Presence of Othogonal Multicarrier Modulation” International Conference on Telecommunicaitons, Apr. 1997. |
Stapleton, Shawn et al. “An Adaptive Predistorter for a Power Amplifier Based on Adjacent Channel Emissions” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology; vol. 41, Issue 1; Feb. 1992. |
Väänänen, Olli et al. “Effect of Clipping in Wdeband CDMA System and Simple Algorithm for Peak Windowing” World Wireless Congress, San Francisco; May 2002. |
Yang, Y., et al. Abstract for “A Fully Matched N-Way Doherty Amplifier with Optimized Linearity” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 51, No. 3; Mar. 2005. |
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/US2007/010566, dated Apr. 18, 2008. |
Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US2007/010566, dated Apr. 18, 2008. |
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/US2007/010566, dated Oct. 28, 2008. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200780023875.1, dated Dec. 23, 2011. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200780023875.1, dated Oct. 16, 2012. |
European Search Report for European Patent Application No. 07861302.3, dated Nov. 25, 2009. |
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/US2008/061355, dated Aug. 4, 2008. |
Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US2008/061355, dated Aug. 4, 2008. |
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/US2008/061355, dated Oct. 27, 2009. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880021049.8, dated Mar. 28, 2012. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880021049.8, dated Dec. 4, 2012. |
Third Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880021049.8, dated Jun. 20, 2013. |
European Search Report for European Application No. 08/46721.3, dated Apr. 9, 2014. |
Intention to Grant for European Application No. 08746721.3, dated Mar. 5, 2018. |
Examination Report for Indian Patent Application No. 7544/DELNP/2009, dated Apr. 3, 2017. |
Intent to Grant for Indian Patent Application No. 7544/DELNP/2009, dated Feb. 3, 2020. |
Notice of Reasons for Rejection (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-506483, dated Jan. 10, 2012. |
Notice of Reasons for Rejection (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-506483, dated Oct. 9, 2012. |
Dismissal Decision for Amendment (Including Translation) for Rejection for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-506483, dated Jun. 4, 2013. |
Final Notice of Reasons for Rejection (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-506483, dated Dec. 17, 2013. |
Decision to Grant (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-506483, dated Jul. 1, 2014. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2009-7024361, dated Apr. 29, 2014. |
Grant of Patent (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2009-7024361, dated Dec. 22, 2014. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2014-7021366, dated Sep. 30, 2014. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2014-7021366, dated Jun. 28, 2015. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2014-7021366, dated Jan. 7, 2016. |
Notice of Allowance (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2014-7021366, dated Sep. 27, 2016. |
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/IB2008/000996, dated Feb. 26, 2009. |
Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/IB2008/000996, dated Feb. 26, 2009. |
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/IB2008/000996, dated Jul. 28, 2009. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880003130.3, dated Aug. 5, 2011. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880003130.3, dated May 3, 2012. |
Third Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880003130.3, dated Jan. 11, 2013. |
Fourth Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880003130.3, dated Jul. 8, 2013. |
Fifth Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 200880003130.3, dated Dec. 24, 2013. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410199319.1, dated Jul. 4, 2016. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410199319.1, dated May 18, 2017. |
Third Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410199319.1, dated Jan. 31, 2018. |
Notification to Grant Patent Right for Invention (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410199319.1, dated Jul. 5, 2018. |
European Search Report for European Application No. 08806836.6, dated Dec. 30, 2009. |
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/IB2007/004404, dated Sep. 19, 2008. |
Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/IB2007/004404, dated Sep. 19, 2008. |
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/IB2007/004404, dated Feb. 1, 2011. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Dec. 16, 2016. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Aug. 30, 2017. |
Third Office Action for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Apr. 17, 2018. |
Rejection Decision for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Mar. 15, 2019. |
First Board Opinion for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Oct. 30, 2019. |
Second Board Opinion (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201410462933.2, dated Apr. 27, 2020. |
European Search Report for European Application No. 07870441.8, dated Feb. 26, 2014. |
Intent to Grant for European Application No. 07870441.8, dated Mar. 1, 2018. |
European Search Report for European Application No. 18187871.1, dated Oct. 12, 2018. |
Intention to Grant for European Application No. 18187871.1, dated Apr. 29, 2020. |
Examination Report for Indian Patent Application No. 4344/CHENP/2009, dated Jul. 14, 2014. |
Notice of Grant for Indian Patent Application No. 4344/CHENP/2009, dated Jun. 5, 2017. |
Notice of Reasons for Refusal for (Including Translation) Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-543544, dated May 8, 2012. |
Notice of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-543544, dated Aug. 21, 2012. |
Notice of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-543544, dated Nov. 13, 2012. |
Notice of Allowance (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-543544, dated Mar. 12, 2013. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2009-7015697, dated Apr. 28, 2014. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2009-7015697, dated Oct. 17, 2014. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2009-7015697, dated May 22, 2015. |
Notification of Final Rejection (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2009-7015697, dated Jul. 27, 2015. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2014-7017682, dated Aug. 26, 2014. |
Notification of Final Rejection (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2014-7017682, dated May 28, 2015. |
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/IB2008/003944, dated Sep. 18, 2009. |
Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/IB2008/003944, dated Sep. 18, 2009. |
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/IB2008/003944, dated Mar. 22, 2011. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Patent Application No. 2008801263242, dated May 29, 2013. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Patent Application No. 2008801263242, dated Apr. 11, 2014. |
Notification to Grant Patent Right for Invention (Including Translation) Chinese Patent Application No. 200880126324.2, dated Aug. 10, 2016. |
European Search Report for European Application No. 08873193.0, dated Apr. 29, 2014. |
Office Action for European Application No. 08873193.0, dated Feb. 28, 2018. |
Office Action for European Application No. 08873193.0, dated Dec. 12, 2018. |
Examination Report for Indian Patent Application No. 4196/CHENP/2010, dated Sep. 26, 2017. |
Decision on Hearing for Indian Patent Application No. 4196/CHENP/2010, dated Dec. 26, 2019. |
Notice of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-536550, dated Aug. 7, 2012. |
Decision to Grant a Patent (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-536550, dated Apr. 2, 2013. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2010-7015019, dated Oct. 24, 2014. |
Notification of Reason for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2010-7015019, dated May 26, 2015. |
Notice of Allowance (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2010-7015019, dated Jan. 21, 2016. |
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/US2010/032453, dated Jun. 28, 2010. |
Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US2010/032453, dated Jun. 28, 2010. |
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/US2010/032453, dated Nov. 3, 2011. |
First Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201080025887.X, dated Nov. 22, 2013. |
Second Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201080025887.X, dated May 29, 2014. |
Third Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201080025887.X, dated Dec. 2, 2014. |
Fourth Office Action (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201080025887.X, dated Jun. 2, 2015. |
Notification to Grant Patent Right for Invention (Including Translation) for Chinese Application No. 201080025887.X, dated Nov. 17, 2015. |
European Search Report for European Application No. 10767899.7, dated Mar. 14, 2013. |
Office Action for European Application No. 10767899.7, dated Jun. 2, 2015. |
Office Action for European Application No. 10767899.7, dated Feb. 5, 2018. |
Intention to Grant for European Application No. 10767899.7, dated Dec. 6, 2018. |
Intention to Grant for European Application No. 10767899.7, dated Jun. 27, 2019. |
Substantive Examination Report for Indonesian Application No. W00201201448, dated Sep. 2, 2016. |
Examination Report for Indian Patent Application No. 8527/CHENP/2011, dated Nov. 28, 2019. |
Notice of Reasons for Rejection (including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-507473, dated Feb. 25, 2014. |
Notice of Reasons for Rejection (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-507473, dated Dec. 2, 2014. |
Decision of Refusal (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-507473, dated May 12, 2015. |
Notice of Reasons for Rejection (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-178686, dated Sep. 27, 2016. |
Decision of Refusal (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-178686, dated Aug. 28, 2017. |
Notice of Reasons for Rejection (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-253609, dated Mar. 8, 2019. |
Decision of Refusal (Including Translation) for Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-253609, dated Nov. 5, 2019. |
Notification of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2011-7027891, dated Jul. 14, 2016. |
Notification of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2011-7027891, dated Apr. 21, 2017. |
Notification of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2011-7027891, dated Feb. 26, 2018. |
Notification of Reasons for Refusal (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2011-7027891, dated Oct. 4, 2018. |
Notice of Allowance (Including Translation) for Korean Application No. 10-2011-7027891, dated Jan. 4, 2019. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 10/137,556, dated Dec. 2, 2004. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 10/137,556, dated Jul. 6, 2005. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/262,079 dated Aug. 29, 2008. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/262,079 dated May 4, 2009. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/262,079 dated Dec. 11, 2009. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/262,079 dated Aug. 25, 2010. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/262,079 dated Mar. 26, 2012. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/262,079 dated Aug. 23, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/619,538, dated Sep. 18, 2013. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 13/619,538, dated Dec. 31, 2013. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/245,190, dated Aug. 18, 2014. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/245,190, dated Jan. 14, 2015. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/684,678, dated Aug. 28, 2015. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/684,678, dated Feb. 22, 2016. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/173,887, dated Dec. 2, 2016. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/173,887, dated Aug. 7, 2017. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/173,887, dated Jan. 24, 2018. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/173,887, dated Jul. 26, 2018. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/230,750, dated Sep. 20, 2019. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/230,750, dated Jun. 8, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/799,239, dated Oct. 29, 2009. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/799,239, dated Jun. 24, 2010. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/799,239, dated Sep. 22, 2011. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/301,224, dated May 24, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/301,224, dated Oct. 25, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/301,224, dated Apr. 2, 2013. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 13/301,224, dated Aug. 30, 2013. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/095,891, dated Jun. 10, 2014. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/095,891, dated Jan. 21, 2015. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/691,152, dated Apr. 25, 2016. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/691,152, dated Jan. 6, 2017. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/691,152, dated Apr. 19. 2017. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/682,431, dated Mar. 12, 2018. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 15/682,431, dated Jan. 18, 2019. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/388,680, dated Jan. 27, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/388,680, dated Jun. 9, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/021,241, dated Apr. 15, 2009. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/021,241, dated Dec. 18, 2009. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/021,241, dated Sep. 21, 2010. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/021,241, dated Feb. 15, 2012. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/021,241, dated Sep. 25, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/724,157, dated Oct. 10, 2014. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 13/724,157, dated Mar. 10, 2015. |
Office Action for US Application No. 14/788,567, dated Dec. 3, 2015. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/788,567, dated Jun. 3, 2016. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/788,567, dated Nov. 22, 2016. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/788,567, dated May 31, 2017. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/788,567, dated Nov. 9, 2017. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/788,567, dated May 31, 2018. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/118,329, dated Mar. 28, 2019. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 16/118,329, dated Oct. 10, 2019. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 16/118,329, dated Feb. 18, 2020. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/108,502 dated Jul. 23, 2009. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/108,502 dated Apr. 14, 2010. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/108,502 dated Dec. 29, 2010. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/108,502 dated Sep. 23, 2011. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/108,502 dated Feb. 6, 2014. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/108,502 dated Jul. 18, 2014. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 14/271,881, dated Jul. 28, 2016. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 14/271,881, dated Apr. 27, 2011. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/684,580, dated Apr. 3, 2019. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated Aug. 4, 2011. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated Jan. 30, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated Oct. 12, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated May 9, 2013. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated Oct. 29, 2013. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated May 23, 2014. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,669, dated Jan. 5, 2015. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/962,025, dated Jul. 9, 2010. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/962,025, dated Feb. 16, 2011. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/962,025, dated May 24, 2012. |
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/962,025, dated Sep. 28, 2012. |
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/962,025, dated Feb. 8, 2013. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/901,116, dated Apr. 21, 2021, 50 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/410,860, dated Jan. 7, 2021, 54 pages. |
BICSI, “Network Design Basics for Cabling Professionals”, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA, 2002, 393 pages. |
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) Specification V1 .4, dated Mar. 31, 2006, downloaded from http://www.cpri.inro/spec.html on Mar. 28, 2017, 64 pages. |
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) Specification V2 1 , dated Mar. 31, 2006, downloaded from http://www.cpri.info/spec.html on Mar. 28, 2017, 76 pages. |
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) Specification V3 0, dated Oct. 20, 2006, downloaded from http://www.cpri.info/spec.html on Mar. 28, 2017, 89 pages. |
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) Specification V4.0, dated Jun. 30, 2008, downloaded from http://www.cpri.info/spec.html on Mar. 28, 2017, 96 pages. |
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) Specification V4.1 , dated Feb. 18, 2009, downloaded from http://www.cpri.info/spec.html on Mar. 28, 2017, 109 pages. |
Grundmann et al., “An empirical comparison of a distributed antenna microcell system versus a single antenna microcell system for indooor spread spectrum communications at 1.8 GHz”, ICUPC Conference, 1993, 5 pages. |
Zhaohui et al., “A rake type receiver structure for CDMA mobile communication systems using antenna arrays”, IEEE, 1996, pp. 528-530. |
Kester, Walt, Mastering The Mix In Signal Processing, Mixed-Signal Design Seminar, Analog Devices, Inc., 1991, 3 pages. |
Grace, Martin K., “Synchronous quantized subcarrier multiplexing for transport of video, voice, and data”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 8, No. 7, Sep. 1990, pp. 1351-1358. |
Wala, Philip M., “A new microcell architecture using digital optical transport”, IEEE, 1993, pp. 585-588. |
Crofut, Walter, “Remote monitoring of wirelss base stations”, Jun. 1, 1998, http://urgentcomm.com/prinUmag/remote-monitoring-wireless-base-stations, downloded on Mar. 13, 2017, 4 pages. |
Cyr et al., “The digital age is here, Digital radio frequency transport enhances cellular network performance”, Jul. 4, 1993, Telephony, pp. 20-24. |
CityCell 824, “Remote Site Manual, How to use it, Preliminary Version”; Feb. 1, 1993, 237 pages. |
Cheun, Kyungwhoon, “Performance of direct-sequence spread-spectrum rake receives with random spreading sequences”, IEEE Transactions On Communication, vol. 45, No. 9, Sep. 9, 1997, pp. 1130-1143. |
Brunner et al., “On space-time rake receiver structure for WCDMA”, 1999, IEEE, pp. 1546-1551. |
Graf, Rudolf F., “Modem Dictionary of Electronics, 7th Ed.”, Newnes publishing, 1999, 9 pages. |
Introduction to Receivers Available at http://weww.ece.ucsb.eduHong/ece145a/lntroduction_to_Receivers.pdf downloaded Jun. 15, 2017, 28 pages. |
Pereira, Stephen M., “Standardizing Digital IF Data Transfer with VITA 49”, RTC Magazine, downloaded Jun. 15, 2017 from http://rtcmagazine.com/articles/view/100460, 5 pages. |
Lan et al., “GSM Co-Channel and Adjacent Channel Interference Analysis and Optimization”, Tsinghua Science and Technology, ISSN 1007-0214 04/12, Dec. 2011, vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 583-588. |
Laplante, Phillip A. “Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering” IEEE Press; CRC Press LLC, 1999; 4 pages. |
Microsoft Press “Computer Dictionary: The Comprehensive Standard for Business, School, Library, and Home”, 1991, Microsoft Press, ISBN 1-55615-231-0, 6 pages. |
Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary, 2004, Wiley & Sons, Inc., 7 pages. |
Parker, Sybil P. “McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Science and Technical Terms: 5th Edition” McGraw-Hill, Inc. 1994; 6 pages. |
Horak, Ray, “Telecommunications and Data Communications Handbook”, 2007, Wiley & Sons, Inc., 55 pages. |
Spurgeon, Charles E., “Ethernet, The Definitive Guide”, 2000, O'reilly & Assoc., Inc., 112 pages. |
ADC Digivance “Street-Level Coverage Solution (SCS)”, Aug. 2005, 8 pages. |
ADC Digivance “Street-Level Coverage Solution System with Version 3.01 EMS Software Operation and Maintenance Manual”, ADCP-75-187, Issue 1, Sep. 2005, 78 pages. |
ADC Digivance “CXD Multi-Band Distributed Antenna System Installation and Operation Manual”, ADCP-75-192; Preliminary Issue D; Oct. 2005, 122 pages. |
ADC Digivance “Street-Level Coverage Solution 800 MHz, 1900 MHz, and 800/900 MHz SMR System Operation and Maintenance Manual” ADCP-75-187, Preliminary Issue 1B, Nov. 2005, 88 pages. |
ADC Digivance “CXD Multi-Band Distributed Antenna System Operation Manual”, ADCP-75-192, Issue 1, Dec. 2005, 130 pages. |
ADC Digivance “Indoor Coverage Solution 800 MHz Single- or Multi-Mode Fiber System Installation and Operation Manual”, ADC-75-130, Preliminary Issue 3C, Aug. 2006, 78 pages. |
ADC Digivance “NXD Radio Access Node (RAN) Installation and Maintenance Manual”, ADCP-75-210, Issue 1, Nov. 2006, 84 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Element Management System 6.0”, User Manual, ADCP-77-152, Issue 1, Mar. 2010, 308 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Element Management System 7.1”, User Manual, ADCP-77-177, Issue 1, Jul. 2011, 350 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism 6.0”, Troubleshooting Guide, ADCP-77-074, Issue 1, Oct. 2010, 62 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Remote RF Module”, Installation Instructions, ADCP-77-079, Issue 2, Mar. 2010, 30 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Remote RF Module”, Installation Instructions, ADCP-77-079, Issue 3, Jul. 2011, 32 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Remote 40W RF Module”, Installation Instructions, ADCP-77-162, Issue 1, Mar. 2010, 26 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Remote Unit”, Installation Guide, ADCP-77-072, Issue 4, Jul. 2011, 44 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Remote Unit”, Installation Guide, ADCP-77-072, Issue 5, Nov. 2011, 44 pages. |
ADC “FlexWave Prism Flexible Outdoor Wireless Coverage and Capacity”, 106969AE, Oct. 2008, 8 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Prism Host, Remote and EMS 5.1”, System Reference, ADCP-77-073, Issue 2, Nov. 2009, 364 pages. |
ADC “FlexWave URH Operation and Maintenance Manual—Preliminary”, 2007, 7 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Universal Radio Head (URH) Remote Unit Installation Instructions”, ADCP-75-34 7, Issue 1, Apr. 2008, 32 pages. |
ETSI TS 125 101 V.3.11.0 “Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UE Radio Transmission and Reception (FDD) (3GPP TS 25.101 Version 3.11.0 Release 1999”, Jun. 2002, 69 pages. |
ETSI TS 125 423 V5.6.0 “Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRAN lur Interface Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP) Signaling (3GPP TS 25.423 version 5.6.0 Release 5)”, Jun. 2003, 559 pages. |
Hollis et al., “The Theory of Digital Down Conversion”, Hunt Engineering, Jun. 26, 2003, 6 pages. |
Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, “DOD Standard Internet Protocol”, RFC 760, Jan. 1980, 46 pages. |
Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, “Internet Protocol; DARPA Internet Program; Protocol Specification”, RFC 791, Sep. 1981, 49 pages. |
OBSAI “Open Base Station Architecture Initiative: BTS System Reference Document”, Version 2.0; Apr. 27, 2006, 151 pages. |
OBSAI “Open Base Station Architecture Initiative: Reference Point 3 Specification” Version 3.1, Nov. 13, 2006, 116 pages. |
OBSAI “Open Base Station Architecture Initiative: Reference Point 3 Specification”, Version 4.1, Jul. 14, 2008, pp. 1-144. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 17/000,188, dated Jan. 19, 2021, 103 pages. |
Final Office Action received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/406,252, dated Feb. 5, 2021, 16 pages. |
Final Office Action received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/737,419, dated Mar. 11, 2021, 41 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/777,306, dated Jan. 25, 2021, 49 pages. |
Extended European Search Report for application No. 20196761.9 dated Dec. 23, 2020. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/777,306, dated May 17, 2021, 24 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 17/000,188 dated Nov. 25, 2020, 42 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/944,028, dated Apr. 7, 2021, 31 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/901,116, dated Jun. 23, 2021, 56 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/406,252, dated Aug. 5, 2021, 7 pages. |
Non Final Office Action received for U.S. Appl. No. 17/234,482, dated Sep. 15, 2021, 55 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/737,419, dated Nov. 29, 2021, 7 pages. |
Notice of Allowance received for U.S. Appl. No. 16/406,252, dated Dec. 2, 2021, 82 pages. |
ADC “ADC FlexWave Universal Radio Head (URH) Host Unit Installation Instructions”, ADCP-75-348, Issue 1, Apr. 2008, 44 pages. |
ADC FlexWave User Manual, “FlexWave Web-Based Element Management System for Universal Radio Head System”, Version 2/Version 3, ADCP-75-352, Issue 1, Aug. 2008, 160 pages. |
Das et al., “A Dynamic Load balancing Strategy for Channel Assignment Using Selective Borrowing in Cellular Mobile Environment”, Wireless Networks, vol. 3, 1997, pp. 333-347. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20200136567 A1 | Apr 2020 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61041164 | Mar 2008 | US | |
61012416 | Dec 2007 | US | |
60969127 | Aug 2007 | US | |
60969131 | Aug 2007 | US | |
60925577 | Apr 2007 | US | |
60925603 | Apr 2007 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 15684580 | Aug 2017 | US |
Child | 16592615 | US | |
Parent | 14271881 | May 2014 | US |
Child | 15684580 | US | |
Parent | 12108502 | Apr 2008 | US |
Child | 14271881 | US | |
Parent | 10137556 | May 2002 | US |
Child | 11262079 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 12021241 | Jan 2008 | US |
Child | 12108502 | US | |
Parent | 11799239 | Apr 2007 | US |
Child | 12021241 | US | |
Parent | 11262079 | Oct 2005 | US |
Child | 11799239 | US |