Patent Grant
7535397
This application claims priority to Taiwan Application Serial Number 97101393, filed Jan. 14, 2008, which is herein incorporated by reference.
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a driver circuit of a display. More particularly, the present invention relates to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in the driver circuit.
2. Description of Related Art
Those skilled in the art know that various DAC architectures are available, such as a resistor string (R-string) DAC.
DACs are generally used in a driver circuit of an OLED (Organic Light Emission Display) to accomplish the modulations of brightness, contrast or gray scale for OLED pixels. Particularly, for a current-type AMOLED (Active-Matrix Organic Light Emission Display), the DAC finally should outputs a current rather than a voltage for driving the OLED pixel. For example, the DAC may be of a pure current-type architecture, which modulates its output by multiplying currents with transistors of different length-to-width ratios.
However, when the output of the DAC needs more variations, such as the digital input of more bits is applied or more gray scales are required in design, the transistors necessarily will occupy larger valuable area in the driver circuit. Alternatively, the DAC of a pure voltage-type architecture whose output voltage is subsequently converted into a current is very complex and hard to decide the tap point, increasing the difficulty of circuitry design.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is provided for converting an (X+Y)-bit input word, which includes an X-bit MSB subword and a Y-bit LSB subword, into a current signal. The DAC comprises an X-bit voltage DAC section and a Y-bit current DAC section. The X-bit voltage DAC section generates an intermediate voltage corresponding to the X-bit MSB subword. The Y-bit current DAC section generates a reference current corresponding to the intermediate voltage and outputs the current signal derived by multiplying the reference current by a factor corresponding to the Y-bit LSB subword.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided for digital-to-analog conversion of an (X+Y)-bit input word, which includes an X-bit MSB subword and a Y-bit LSB subword, into a current signal. An intermediate voltage is generated corresponding to the X-bit MSB subword. A reference current is generated corresponding to the intermediate voltage. The current signal is derived by multiplying the reference current by a factor corresponding to the Y-bit LSB subword.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are examples, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where:
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.
The (X+Y)-bit input word can be a digital signal, such as a digital video signal, a digital audio signal or other suitable digital signal requiring to be converted into a current signal. In this embodiment, the DAC 200 is provided for use in an OLED to accomplish the modulations of brightness, contrast or gray scale for OLED pixels. The (X+Y)-bit input word is a digital video signal, and the current signal is a grayscale current. Moreover, the (X+Y)-bit input word is assumed to be a 6-bit input word, the X-bit MSB subword is assumed to be a 2-bit MSB subword, and the Y-bit LSB subword is assumed to be a 4-bit LSB subword.
More particularly, the selector 322 includes several selecting lines 332, and each of the selecting lines 332 is coupled to one of the tap points constituted by the series-connected resistors 312. Each selecting lines 332 has several switching elements 326, of which each is switched by one bit (e.g. b4 or b5) of the X-bit MSB subword, respectively. In practice, what is used to switch the switching elements 326 may be one bit of the X-bit MSB subword itself or the complement of the bit. By the selector 322, the voltage of the tap point, which is selected to couple to the output, can be an inherently monotonic analog representation of the X-bit MSB subword.
Referring to
Other electronic elements also can be implement to achieve the conversion between the intermediate voltage (VM) and the reference current (IREF), such as a transistor or other converting circuit.
More particularly, there are a transistor 414 and a switch 424 connected in series in each of the current paths. The switch 424 is controlled by one bit (e.g. b0, b1, b2 or b3) of the Y-bit MSB subword, and the length-to-width ratios (M) of the transistors 414 in two current paths are different. That is, the conductings of the switches 424 and the different length-to-width ratios of the transistor 414 can determine the factor for multiplying the reference current (IREF).
With the transistors 414 of the different length-to-width ratios (e.g. M=1, 2, 4 and 8), the current mirror 224 is able to provide more selections of the current amount for the current signal. For example, when the 4-bit LSB subword having four bits b0, b1, b2 and b4 is input into the Y-bit current DAC section 204, sixteen kinds of current signals can be selectively output by the current mirror 224.
The embodiment combines the current-type DAC and the voltage-type DAC to perform the conversions of partial bits of the input word, respectively. Therefore, the area occupied by the whole DAC can be reduced and the overall smooth design for an OLED driver circuit is improved.
In another aspect, a method for digital-to-analog conversion of an (X+Y)-bit input word into a current signal is provided.
The (X+Y)-bit input word can be a digital signal, such as a digital video signal, a digital audio signal or other suitable digital signal requiring to be converted into a current signal. In this embodiment, the (X+Y)-bit input word is a digital video signal, and the current signal is a grayscale current. Moreover, the (X+Y)-bit input word is assumed to be a 6-bit input word, the X-bit MSB subword is assumed to be a 2-bit MSB subword, and the Y-bit LSB subword is assumed to be a 4-bit LSB subword.
More particularly, the deriving of the current signal can mirror a multiple of the reference current (IREF) to each of several current paths, and each current path is conducted according to one bit of the Y-bit LSB subword and the current signal is a sum of currents flowing through the conducted current paths. In addition, the amounts of the currents flowing through the current paths are different from one another. Therefore, the conductings of the current paths and the amounts of the currents flowing through the current paths can determine the factor for multiplying the reference current (IREF).
The embodiment combines the voltage-type and current-type conversion to achieve the conversion from a digital input word into a current signal. Therefore, the performance can be improved, such as reducing the chip area, mitigating the voltage swing, and decreasing the power consumption.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 97101393 A | Jan 2008 | TW | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5347294 | Usui et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
| 7123224 | Lee | Oct 2006 | B2 |
| 7161517 | Yen et al. | Jan 2007 | B1 |
| 7327299 | Yen et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 20070001955 | Lee | Jan 2007 | A1 |
