Patent Application
20220089568
The present invention relates to novel compounds that are dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitors. These compounds may be useful for the treatment of a disease, disorder, or medical condition where there is an advantage in inhibiting DHODH. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of such compounds, to processes to prepare such compounds and compositions, and to the use of such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions for the method of treatment of cancer, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, syndromes, and disorders.
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a clonal disease of the blood and bone marrow resulting from mutations that occur in normal hematopoietic stem cells. AML is a heterogenous disease in that it presents with a range of cytogenetic, morphological and immunophenotypic features, and is characterized by an accumulation of clonal, abnormal myeloid progenitor cells, known as myeloblasts. These cells demonstrate disruption of normal myeloid differentiation and excessive proliferation, resulting in the decreased formation of hematopoietic cells. Disease remission can be achieved with standard induction chemotherapy, but refractory and relapsed disease remains a challenge due to persistence of leukemic stem cells. Therefore, AML represents an unmet medical need with >20,000 new cases per year in the US with 5-year overall survival below 30% (Stein ET et al., Health Qual Life Outcomes 16: 193, 2018).
Differentiation therapy is considered an attractive approach to AML treatment based on the knowledge that differentiation and loss of stem cell self-renewal are coupled in normal cells. Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, which represents 10-15% of all AML, with all-trans retinoic acid is the paradigm for differentiation therapy. Retinoic acid targets the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML)-retinoic acid receptor-α (RAR-α) fusion protein encoded by a t(15,17) chromosomal translocation. Targeting PML-RAR specifically lifts the transcriptionally mediated differentiation block induced by the fusion protein and early clinical trials with single agent ATRA demonstrated complete hematologic remission in all treated patients (McCulloch D et al. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10: 1585-1601; Nowak D et al. Blood 113: 3655, 2009).
Although differentiation therapy is successful, it is only applicable to a small population of AML patients. Research efforts have aimed at identifying additional differentiation inducing agents, but with limited success. Recently dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) emerged as a potentially more broadly applicable differentiation target in a phenotypic screen aimed at identifying small molecules that overcome blockade of the maturation of primary murine bone marrow cells expressing the homeobox protein HoxA9. This protein is a key transcription factor involved in balancing stem cell maintenance/differentiation and is normally expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells and downregulated upon induction of differentiation and has been found to be widely overexpressed in AML (Sykes et al., Cell 167: 171, 2016).
DHODH is a flavin mononucleotide (FMN) flavoprotein located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate, the fourth step in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. Inhibition of DHODH leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis important precursors for nucleotide synthesis, but also glycoprotein and phospholipid biosynthesis (Reis R A G et al., Archives Biochem Biophysics 632: 175, 2017; Vyas V K et al., Mini Rev Med Chem 11: 1039, 2011). DHODH is a validated target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases with the FDA approved small molecule DHODH inhibitors leflunomide and teriflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, respectively (Lolli M L et al., Recent patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery 13: 86, 2018).
Since the first observation by Sykes et al. demonstrating that DHODH inhibition drives AML differentiation in vitro, as evidenced by upregulation of the differentiation markers CD11b and CD14, and results in dose dependent anti-leukemic effects, decreased leukemic stem cells and prolonged survival in vivo, additional evidence emerged demonstrating that small molecule DHODH inhibitors mediate antiproliferative activity against AML cells with concomitant cell cycle arrest, upregulation of CD11b and CD14, and induction of apoptosis (Wu D et al., Haematologica 103: 1472, 2018; Sainas S et al., J Med Chem 61: 6034, 2018; Cao Let al., Mol Cancer Ther, October 23rd Epub ahead of print). Moreover, preclinical solid tumor in vitro and in vivo models demonstrated effectiveness of DHODH inhibition and DHODH was identified as a synthetic lethality in PTEN and KRAS mutant solid tumors (Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Epub Oct. 19, 2018; Mathur D et al., Cancer Discovery 7: 1, 2017; Cell Chemical Biology 25: 1, 2018).
Thus, there remains a need for DHODH inhibitors that provide a therapeutic benefit to patients suffering from cancer and/or inflammatory and immunological diseases.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of making and purifying them, methods of using them as inhibitors of DHODH enzymatic activity and methods for using them in the treatment of a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition such as autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, or diseases such as cancer.
Embodiments of this invention are compounds of Formula (I),
wherein
wherein the heterocyclic ring is substituted with one or two members each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, and OC1-6alkyl;
where
The present invention further provides methods for treating or ameliorating a disease, syndrome, condition, or disorder in a subject, including a mammal and/or human in which the disease, syndrome, condition, or disorder is affected by the inhibition of DHODH enzymatic activity, including but not limited to, cancer and/or inflammatory or immunological diseases, using a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isotope, N-oxide, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.
Additional embodiments, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and through practice of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in art. As used in the specification and the appended claims, unless specified to the contrary, the following terms have the meaning indicated in order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention.
The singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” encompass plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
With reference to substituents, the term “independently” refers to the situation where when more than one substituent is possible, the substituents may be the same or different from each other.
The term “substituted” means that the specified group or moiety bears one or more substituents. The term “unsubstituted” means that the specified group bears no substituents. The term “optionally substituted” means that the specified group is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents. Where the term “substituted” is used to describe a structural system, the substitution is meant to occur at any valency-allowed position on the system.
Unless qualified specifically in particular instances of use, the term “alkyl” refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the chain. Examples of alkyl groups include methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl (tBu), pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, and groups that in light of the ordinary skill in the art and the teachings provided herein would be considered equivalent to any one of the foregoing examples. “C1-6alkyl” refers to straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the chain. “C1-4alkyl” refers to straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the chain.
The term “cycloalkyl” refers to a saturated or partially saturated, monocyclic, fused polycyclic, or spiro polycyclic carbocycle having from 3 to 12 ring atoms per carbocycle. “C3-6cycloalkyl” refers to a carbocycle having from 3 to 6 ring atoms per carbocycle. Illustrative examples of cycloalkyl groups include the following entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
The term “halogen” or “halo” represents chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine.
The term “haloalkyl” refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the chain optionally substituting hydrogens with halogens. The term “C1-6 haloalkyl” as used here refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the chain, optionally substituting hydrogens with halogens. The term “C1-4 haloalkyl” as used here refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the chain, optionally substituting hydrogens with halogens. Examples of “haloalkyl” groups include trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CF2H), monofluoromethyl (CH2F), pentafluoroethyl (CF2CF3), tetrafluoroethyl (CHFCF3), monofluoroethyl (CH2CH2F), trifluoroethyl (CH2CF3), tetrafluorotrifluoromethylethyl (CF(CF3)2), and groups that in light of the ordinary skill in the art and the teachings provided herein would be considered equivalent to any one of the foregoing examples.
The terms “4- to 8-membered heterocycloalkyl” and “4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl” mean a monocyclic, bicyclic, or bridged, saturated heterocycle with 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 or, respectively, 4, 5, or 6, ring atoms in total, which contains one or two identical or different ring heteroatoms from the series N, O and S being possible for said heterocycloalkyl group to be attached to the rest of the molecule via any one of the carbon atoms or, if present and not excluded otherwise, a nitrogen atom. Illustrative examples of heterocycloalkyl groups include the following entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
The term “aryl” refers to a monocyclic, aromatic carbocycle (ring structure having ring atoms that are all carbon) having 6 atoms per ring. (Carbon atoms in the aryl groups are sp2 hybridized.)
The term “phenyl” represents the following moiety:
The term “pyridinyl” or “pyridyl” represents the following moiety:
The pyridinyl or pyridyl moiety can be attached through any one of the 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-position carbon atoms.
The term “pyrimidinyl” represents the following moiety:
The pyrimidinyl moiety can be attached through any one of the 2-, 4-, 5-, or 6-position carbon atoms.
The term “pyridazinyl” represents the following moiety:
The pyridazinyl moiety can be attached through any one of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-position carbon atoms.
The term “imidazolyl” represents the following moiety:
The imidazolyl moiety can be attached through any one of the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-position carbon atoms.
The term “heteroaryl” refers to a monocyclic or fused bicyclic heterocycle (ring structure having ring atoms selected from carbon atoms and up to four heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) having from 3 to 9 ring atoms per heterocycle. Illustrative examples of heteroaryl groups include the following entities, in the form of properly bonded moieties:
The term “ tautomeric ” or “ tautomeric form ” refers to structural isomers of different energies that are interconvertible through low energy barriers. For example, proton tautomers (also known as proton tautomers) include interconversions through the transfer of protons, such as keto-enol and imine-enamine isomerization. The valence tautomers include interconversions by restructuring some bond electrons.
For example, hydroxypyridine or the tautomeric pyridone is represented below.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the species of heterocycloalkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl and aryl groups listed or illustrated above are not exhaustive, and that additional species within the scope of these defined terms may also be selected.
The term “variable point of attachment” means that a group is allowed to be attached at more than one alternative position in a structure. The attachment will always replace a hydrogen atom on one of the ring atoms. In other words, all permutations of bonding are represented by the single diagram, as shown in the illustrations below.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that that if more than one such substituent is present for a given ring, the bonding of each substituent is independent of all of the others. The groups listed or illustrated above are not exhaustive.
As used herein, the term “or” means “and/or” unless stated otherwise.
As used herein, the terms “including”, “containing” and “comprising” are used in their open, non-limiting sense.
As used herein, the term “composition” is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
As used herein, the term “treat”, “treating”, or “treatment” of any disease, condition, syndrome or disorder refers, in one embodiment, to ameliorating the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder (i.e. slowing or arresting or reducing the development of the disease or at least one of the clinical symptoms thereof). In another embodiment, “treat”, “treating”, or “treatment” refers to alleviating or ameliorating at least one physiological or biochemical parameter associated with or causative of the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder, including those which may not be discernible by the patient. In a further embodiment, “treat”, “treating”, or “treatment” refers to modulating the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder either physically (e.g. stabilization of a discernible symptom), physiologically, (e.g. stabilization of a physical parameter), or both. In yet another embodiment, “treat”, “treating”, or “treatment” refers to preventing or delaying the onset or development or progression of the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder.
The terms “subject” and “patient” are used interchangeably herein and may refer to an animal, preferably a mammal, most preferably a human.
As used herein, the terms active compound, pharmaceutical agent and active ingredient are used interchangeably to refer to a pharmaceutically active compound. Other ingredients in a drug composition, such as carriers, diluents or excipients, may be substantially or completely pharmaceutically inert. A pharmaceutical composition (also referred to herein as a composition or formulation) may comprise the active ingredient in combination with one or more carriers and/or one or more excipients and/or one or more diluents.
The term “therapeutically effective amount” (used interchangeably herein with “effective amount”) refers to an amount (e.g., of an active compound or pharmaceutical agent, such as a compound of the present invention), which elicits the biological or medicinal response in a tissue system, animal or human that is being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician, including reduction or inhibition of an enzyme or a protein activity, or ameliorating symptoms, alleviating conditions, slowing or delaying disease progression, or preventing a disease. Stated another way, the term therapeutically effective amount may refer to an amount that, when administered to a particular subject, achieves a therapeutic effect by inhibiting, alleviating or curing a disease, condition, syndrome or disorder in the subject or by prophylactically inhibiting, preventing or delaying the onset of a disease, condition, syndrome or disorder, or symptom(s) thereof. A therapeutically effective amount may be an amount which relieves to some extent one or more symptoms of a disease, condition, syndrome or disorder in a subject; and/or returns to normal either partially or completely one or more physiological or biochemical parameters associated with or causative of the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder; and/or reduces the likelihood of the onset of the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder, or symptom(s) thereof.
“Pharmaceutically acceptable” means that, which is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable and includes that which is acceptable for veterinary as well as human pharmaceutical use.
A “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is intended to mean a salt of an acid or base of a compound represented by Formula (I) (as well as compounds of Formula (IA), (IB), and (IC)) that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, or otherwise biologically suitable for administration to the subject. See, generally, S.M. Berge, et al., “Pharmaceutical Salts”, J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66:1-19, and Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts, Properties, Selection, and Use, Stahl and Wermuth, Eds., Wiley-VCH and VHCA, Zurich, 2002. Preferred pharmaceutically acceptable salts are those that are pharmacologically effective and suitable for contact with the tissues of patients without undue toxicity, irritation, or allergic response.
Non-limiting examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogen-phosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyne-1,4-dioates, hexyne-1,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitrobenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, sulfonates, xylenesulfonates, phenylacetates, phenylpropionates, phenylbutyrates, citrates, lactates, γ-hydroxybutyrates, glycolates, tartrates, methane-sulfonates, propanesulfonates, naphthalene-1-sulfonates, naphthalene-2-sulfonates, and mandelates.
A compound of Formula (I) may possess a sufficiently acidic group, a sufficiently basic group, or both types of functional groups, and accordingly react with a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
Compounds of Formula (I) may contain at least one nitrogen of basic character, so desired pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be prepared by any suitable method available in the art, for example, treatment of the free base with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, nitric acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid, phenylacetic acid, propionic acid, stearic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, isethionic acid, succinic acid, valeric acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, a pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid, such as mandelic acid, citric acid, or tartaric acid, an amino acid, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid, an aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, naphthoic acid, or cinnamic acid, a sulfonic acid, such as laurylsulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, any compatible mixture of acids such as those given as examples herein, and any other acid and mixture thereof that are regarded as equivalents.
Compounds of Formula (I) may contain a carboxylic acid moiety, a desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method, for example, treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base, such as an amine (primary, secondary or tertiary), an alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, any compatible mixture of bases such as those given as examples herein, and any other base and mixture thereof that are regarded as equivalents or acceptable substitutes in light of the ordinary level of skill in this technology. Illustrative examples of suitable salts include organic salts derived from amino acids, such as glycine and arginine, ammonia, carbonates, bicarbonates, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, and cyclic amines, such as benzylamines, pyrrolidines, piperidine, morpholine, piperazine, N-methyl-glucamine and tromethamine and inorganic salts derived from sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, and lithium.
Each compound used herein may be discussed interchangeably with respect to its chemical formula, chemical name, abbreviation, etc.
Any formula given herein is intended to represent compounds having structures depicted by the structural formula as well as certain variations or forms. In particular, compounds of any formula given herein may have asymmetric centers and therefore exist in different enantiomeric forms. All optical isomers and stereoisomers of the compounds of the general formula, and mixtures thereof, are considered within the scope of such formula. The compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof. Thus, any formula given herein is intended to represent a racemate, one or more of its enantiomeric forms, one or more of its diastereomeric forms, and mixtures thereof. Additionally, any formula given herein is intended to refer also to any one of hydrates, solvates, polymorphs and of such compounds, and mixtures thereof, even if such forms are not listed explicitly.
The term “R” at a stereocenter designates that the stereocenter is purely of the R-configuration as defined in the art; likewise, the term “S” means that the stereocenter is purely of the S-configuration. As used herein, the term “RS” refers to a stereocenter that exists as a mixture of the R- and S-configurations.
Compounds containing one stereocenter drawn without a stereo bond designation are a mixture of 2 enantiomers. Compounds containing 2 stereocenters both drawn without stereo bond designations are a mixture of 4 diastereomers. Compounds with 2 stereocenters both labeled “RS” and drawn with stereo bond designations are a 2-component mixture with relative stereochemistry as drawn. Unlabeled stereocenters drawn without stereo bond designations are a mixture of the R- and S-configurations. For unlabeled stereocenters drawn with stereo bond designations, the absolute stereochemistry is as depicted.
Unless indicated otherwise, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof. The methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well-known in the art.
Reference to a compound herein stands for a reference to any one of: (a) the recited form of such compound, and (b) any of the forms of such compound in the medium in which the compound is being considered when named. For example, reference herein to a compound such as R—COOH, encompasses reference to any one of, for example, R—COOH(s), R—COOH(sol), and R—COO-(sol). In this example, R—COOH(s) refers to the solid compound, as it could be for example in a tablet or some other solid pharmaceutical composition or preparation; R—COOH(sol) refers to the undissociated form of the compound in a solvent; and R—COO-(sol) refers to the dissociated form of the compound in a solvent, such as the dissociated form of the compound in an aqueous environment, whether such dissociated form derives from R—COOH, from a salt thereof, or from any other entity that yields R—COO— upon dissociation in the medium being considered. In another example, an expression such as “exposing an entity to compound of formula R—COOH” refers to the exposure of such entity to the form, or forms, of the compound R—COOH that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such exposure takes place. In still another example, an expression such as “reacting an entity with a compound of formula R—COOH” refers to the reacting of (a) such entity in the chemically relevant form, or forms, of such entity that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such reacting takes place, with (b) the chemically relevant form, or forms, of the compound R—COOH that exists, or exist, in the medium in which such reacting takes place. In this regard, if such entity is for example in an aqueous environment, it is understood that the compound R—COOH is in such same medium, and therefore the entity is being exposed to species such as R—COOH(aq) and/or R—COO-(aq), where the subscript “(aq)” stands for “aqueous” according to its conventional meaning in chemistry and biochemistry. A carboxylic acid functional group has been chosen in these nomenclature examples; this choice is not intended, however, as a limitation but it is merely an illustration. It is understood that analogous examples can be provided in terms of other functional groups, including but not limited to hydroxyl, basic nitrogen members, such as those in amines, and any other group that interacts or transforms according to known manners in the medium that contains the compound. Such interactions and transformations include, but are not limited to, dissociation, association, tautomerism, solvolysis, including hydrolysis, solvation, including hydration, protonation, and deprotonation. No further examples in this regard are provided herein because these interactions and transformations in a given medium are known by any one of ordinary skill in the art.
Any formula given herein is also intended to represent unlabeled forms as well as isotopically labeled forms of the compounds. Isotopically labeled compounds have structures depicted by the formulas given herein except that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having a selected atomic mass or mass number in an enriched form. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention in a form that exceeds natural abundances include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine, chlorine, and iodine, such as 2H (or chemical symbol D), 3H (or chemical symbol T), 11C, 13C, 14C, 15N, 18O, 17O, 31P, 32P, 35S, 18F, 36Cl, and 125I, respectively. Such isotopically labeled compounds are useful in metabolic studies (preferably with 14C), reaction kinetic studies (with, for example 2H or 3H), detection or imaging techniques [such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)] including drug or substrate tissue distribution assays, or in radioactive treatment of patients. In particular, an 18F or 11C labeled compound may be particularly preferred for PET or SPECT studies. Further, substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium (i.e., 2H, or D) may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements. Isotopically labeled compounds of this invention can generally be prepared by carrying out the procedures disclosed in the schemes or in the examples and preparations described below by substituting a readily available isotopically labeled reagent for a non-isotopically labeled reagent.
The term Cn-m alkyl refers to an aliphatic chain, whether straight or branched, with a total number N of carbon members in the chain that satisfies n≤N≤m, with m>n.
When the same plurality of substituents is assigned to various groups, the specific individual substituent assignment to each of such groups is meant to be independently made with respect to the specific individual substituent assignments to the remaining groups. By way of illustration, but not as a limitation, if each of groups Q and R can be H or F, the choice of H or F for Q is made independently of the choice of H or F for R, so the choice of assignment for Q does not determine or condition the choice of assignment for R, or vice-versa, unless it is expressly indicated otherwise. Illustrative claim recitation in this regard would read as “each of Q and R is independently H or F”, or “each of Q and R is independently selected from the group consisting of H and F”.
In another example, a zwitterionic compound would be encompassed herein by referring to a compound that is known to form a zwitterion, even if it is not explicitly named in its zwitterionic form. Terms such as zwitterion, zwitterions, and their synonyms zwitterionic compound(s) are standard IUPAC-endorsed names that are well known and part of standard sets of defined scientific names. In this regard, the name zwitterion is assigned the name identification CHEBI:27369 by the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) dictionary of molecular entities. As generally well known, a zwitterion or zwitterionic compound is a neutral compound that has formal unit charges of opposite sign. Sometimes these compounds are referred to by the term “inner salts”. Other sources refer to these compounds as “dipolar ions”, although the latter term is regarded by still other sources as a misnomer. As a specific example, aminoethanoic acid (the amino acid glycine) has the formula H2NCH2COOH, and it exists in some media (in this case in neutral media) in the form of the zwitterion +H3NCH2COO−. Zwitterions, zwitterionic compounds, inner salts and dipolar ions in the known and well-established meanings of these terms are within the scope of this invention, as would in any case be so appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art. Because there is no need to name each and every embodiment that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art, no structures of the zwitterionic compounds that are associated with the compounds of this invention are given explicitly herein. They are, however, part of the embodiments of this invention. No further examples in this regard are provided herein because the interactions and transformations in a given medium that lead to the various forms of a given compound are known by any one of ordinary skill in the art.
When referring to any formula given herein, the selection of a particular moiety from a list of possible species for a specified variable is not intended to define the same choice of the species for the variable appearing elsewhere. In other words, where a variable appears more than once, the choice of the species from a specified list is independent of the choice of the species for the same variable elsewhere in the formula, unless stated otherwise.
By way of a first example on substituent terminology, if substituent S1example is one of S1 and S2, and substituent S2example is one of S3 and S4, then these assignments refer to embodiments of this invention given according to the choices S1example is S1 and S2example is S3; S1example is S1 and S2example is S4; S1example is S2 and S2example is S3; S1example is S2 and S2example is S4; and equivalents of each one of such choices. The shorter terminology “S1example is one of S1 and S2, and S2example is one of S3 and S4” is accordingly used herein for the sake of brevity, but not by way of limitation. The foregoing first example on substituent terminology, which is stated in generic terms, is meant to illustrate the various substituent assignments described herein.
Furthermore, when more than one assignment is given for any member or substituent, embodiments of this invention comprise the various groupings that can be made from the listed assignments, taken independently, and equivalents thereof. By way of a second example on substituent terminology, if it is herein described that substituent Sexample is one of S1, S2, and S3, this listing refers to embodiments of this invention for which Sexample is S1; Sexample is S2; Sexample is S3; Sexample is one of S1 and S2; Sexample is one of S1 and S3; Sexample is one of S2 and S3; Sexample is one of S1, S2 and S3; and Sexample is any equivalent of each one of these choices. The shorter terminology “Sexample is one of S1, S2, and S3” is accordingly used herein for the sake of brevity, but not by way of limitation. The foregoing second example on substituent terminology, which is stated in generic terms, is meant to illustrate the various substituent assignments described herein.
The nomenclature “Ci-Cj” with j>i, when applied herein to a class of substituents, is meant to refer to embodiments of this invention for which each and every one of the number of carbon members, from i to j including i and j, is independently realized. By way of example, the term C1-C3 refers independently to embodiments that have one carbon member (C1), embodiments that have two carbon members (C2), and embodiments that have three carbon members (C3).
Embodiments of this invention include compounds of Formula (I),
wherein
wherein the heterocyclic ring is substituted with one or two members each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, and OC1-6alkyl;
where
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is O.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is S.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is NRa, and Ra is H.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is NRa, and Ra is CH3.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is NRa, where Ra and R1a come together to form a heterocyclic ring selected from:
wherein the heterocyclic ring is substituted with one or two members each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-4alkyl, C1-4haloalkyl, and OC1-4alkyl.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1a is C1-4alkyl; C1-4alkyl substituted with OH, or OCH3; C1-4haloalkyl; C1-4haloalkyl substituted with OH, or OCH3; or C3-6cycloalkyl.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1a is CF3.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1b is CH3 or CHF2.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1b is CH3.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1a and R1b come together to form cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl; cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl each independently substituted with one, two, three or four members selected from the group consisting of: halo, OH, C1-4alkyl, and C1-4haloalkyl; oxetanyl; tetrahydrofuranyl; and tetrahydropyranyl.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R2 is
where
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R2 is
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R3 is
where
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R3 is:
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R3 is:
where
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R3 is
where
An additional embodiment of the current invention is a compound selected from the compounds shown below in Table 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, N-oxides, solvates, and stereoisomers thereof:
A further embodiment of the current invention is a compound selected from the group consisting of:
A further embodiment of the current invention is a compound selected from the group consisting of:
(S)-5-Fluoro-6-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide;
5-Fluoro-6-(3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(((S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide; and
(S)-5-Fluoro-6-(3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide;
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R2 is
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1a is CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, stereoisomer, tautomer, isotopic variant, or N-oxide thereof.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) having the Formula (IA):
wherein
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) having the Formula (IB):
wherein
wherein the heterocyclic ring is substituted with one or two members each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, and OC1-6alkyl;
where
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) having the Formula (IC):
wherein
where
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) having the Formula (IA), wherein R1a is selected from the group consisting of: C1-4alkyl; C1-4alkyl substituted with OH, or OCH3; C1-4haloalkyl; C1-4haloalkyl substituted with OH, or OCH3; or C3-6cycloalkyl.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) having the Formula (IB), wherein Rd and Re are each independently halo, C1-4alkyl, and OC1-4alkyl.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) having the Formula (IC), wherein R1a and R1b come together to form C3-6cycloalkyl; C3-6cycloalkyl independently substituted with one, two, three or four members selected from the group consisting of: F, OH, C1-6alkyl, and C1-6haloalkyl; oxetanyl; tetrahydrofuranyl; or tetrahydropyranyl.
Also within the scope of the invention are enantiomers and diastereomers of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)). Also within the scope of the invention are pharmaceutically acceptable salts, N-oxides or solvates of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)). Also within the scope of the invention are the pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)).
Also within the scope of the invention are isotopic variations of compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)), such as, e.g., deuterated compounds of Formula (I). Also within the scope of the invention are the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, N-oxides or solvates of the isotopic variations of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)). Also within the scope of the invention are the pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of the isotopic variations of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)), and pharmaceutically active metabolites of the isotopic variations of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC)).
Even though the compounds of embodiments of the present invention (including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutically acceptable solvates) can be administered alone, they will generally be administered in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent selected with regard to the intended route of administration and standard pharmaceutical or veterinary practice.
Thus, particular embodiments of the present invention are directed to pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions comprising compounds of Formula (I) and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, and/or pharmaceutically acceptable diluent. By way of example, in the pharmaceutical compositions of embodiments of the present invention, the compounds of Formula (I) may be admixed with any suitable binder(s), lubricant(s), suspending agent(s), coating agent(s), solubilizing agent(s), and combinations thereof.
An embodiment of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of at least one compound selected from compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, and stereoisomers thereof, in accordance with any embodiment described herein; and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
(A) an effective amount of at least one compound selected from compounds of
wherein
wherein the heterocyclic ring is substituted with one or two members each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, and OC1-6alkyl;
where
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, or stereoisomers of a compound of Formula (I);
and (B) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound shown in Table 1 (e.g., a compound selected from Examples 1-128), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isotope, N-oxide, solvate, or stereoisomer of the compound of Table 1, a pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug of the compound of Table 1, or a pharmaceutically active metabolite of the compound of Table 1; and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
Solid oral dosage forms such as, tablets or capsules, containing one or more compounds of the present invention may be administered in at least one dosage form at a time, as appropriate. It is also possible to administer the compounds in sustained release formulations.
Additional oral forms in which the present inventive compounds may be administered include elixirs, solutions, syrups, and suspensions; each optionally containing flavoring agents and coloring agents.
Alternatively, one or more compounds of Formula (I) can be administered by inhalation (intratracheal or intranasal) or in the form of a suppository or pessary, or they may be applied topically in the form of a lotion, solution, cream, ointment or dusting powder. For example, they can be incorporated into a cream comprising, consisting of, and/or consisting essentially of an aqueous emulsion of polyethylene glycols or liquid paraffin. They can also be incorporated, at a concentration of between about 1% and about 10% by weight of the cream, into an ointment comprising, consisting of, and/or consisting essentially of a wax or soft paraffin base together with any stabilizers and preservatives as may be required. An alternative means of administration includes transdermal administration by using a skin or transdermal patch.
The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention (as well as the compounds of the present invention alone) can also be injected parenterally, for example, intracavernosally, intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intradermally, or intrathecally. In this case, the compositions will also include at least one of a suitable carrier, a suitable excipient, and a suitable diluent.
For parenteral administration, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are best used in the form of a sterile aqueous solution that may contain other substances, for example, enough salts and monosaccharides to make the solution isotonic with blood.
For buccal or sublingual administration, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered in the form of tablets or lozenges, which can be formulated in a conventional manner.
By way of further example, pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of the compounds of Formula (I) as the active ingredient can be prepared by mixing the compound(s) with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient according to conventional pharmaceutical compounding techniques. The carrier, excipient, and diluent may take a wide variety of forms depending upon the desired route of administration (e.g., oral, parenteral, etc.). Thus, for liquid oral preparations such as, suspensions, syrups, elixirs and solutions, suitable carriers, excipients and diluents include water, glycols, oils, alcohols, flavoring agents, preservatives, stabilizers, coloring agents and the like; for solid oral preparations such as, powders, capsules, and tablets, suitable carriers, excipients and diluents include starches, sugars, diluents, granulating agents, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like. Solid oral preparations also may be optionally coated with substances such as, sugars, or be enterically coated so as to modulate the major site of absorption and disintegration. For parenteral administration, the carrier, excipient and diluent will usually include sterile water, and other ingredients may be added to increase solubility and preservation of the composition. Injectable suspensions or solutions may also be prepared utilizing aqueous carriers along with appropriate additives such as, solubilizers and preservatives.
According to particular embodiments, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutical composition thereof may comprise a dose range from about 0.1 mg to about 3000 mg, or any particular amount or range therein, in particular from about 1 mg to about 1000 mg, or any particular amount or range therein, or, more particularly, from about 10 mg to about 500 mg, or any particular amount or range therein, of active ingredient in a regimen of about 1 to about (4×) per day for an average (70 kg) human; although, it is apparent to one skilled in the art that the therapeutically effective amount for a compound of Formula (I) will vary as will the diseases, syndromes, conditions, and disorders being treated.
For oral administration, a pharmaceutical composition may be provided in the form of one or more tablets containing about 1.0, about 10, about 50, about 100, about 150, about 200, about 250, or about 500 milligrams of a compound of Formula (I).
An embodiment of the present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration, comprising a compound of Formula (I) in an amount of from about 1 mg to about 500 mg.
Advantageously, a compound of Formula (I) may be administered in a single daily dose, or the total daily dosage may be administered in divided doses of two, three and (4×) daily.
Optimal dosages of a compound of Formula (I) to be administered may be readily determined and will vary with the particular compound used, the mode of administration, the strength of the preparation, and the advancement of the disease, syndrome, condition or disorder. In addition, factors associated with the particular subject being treated, including subject gender, age, weight, diet and time of administration, will result in the need to adjust the dose to achieve an appropriate therapeutic level and desired therapeutic effect. The above dosages are thus exemplary of the average case. There can be, of course, individual instances wherein higher or lower dosage ranges are merited, and such are within the scope of this invention.
Compounds of Formula (I) may be administered in any of the foregoing compositions and dosage regimens or by means of those compositions and dosage regimens established in the art whenever use of a compound of Formula (I) is administered to a subject in need thereof.
According to particular embodiments, one or more compounds of Formula (I) are useful in methods for treating, ameliorating and/or preventing a disease, a syndrome, a condition or a disorder that is affected by the inhibition of DHODH enzymatic activity.
An additional embodiment of the invention relates to the use of compounds of
Formula (I), e.g., by inhibiting dihydroorotate oxygenase enzyme activity, in treating disorders like inflammatory disorders, autoimmune disorders, or cancer;
wherein
wherein the heterocyclic ring is substituted with one or two members each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, and OC1-6alkyl;
where
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof.
In a further aspect the present invention provides a method for inhibiting or altering Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (DHODH) enzymatic activity, the method comprising contacting DHODH with any compound of Formula (I), aspect or embodiment disclosed herein, thereby inhibiting or otherwise altering DHODH enzymatic activity.
An additional embodiment of the present invention provides methods for treating diseases, disorders, or medical conditions mediated or otherwise affected by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) enzyme activity comprising administering a compound of Formula (I) to a subject in need thereof.
As used herein, the term “DHODH inhibitor” may refer to an agent that inhibits or reduces DHODH activity.
In one embodiment, the term “therapeutically effective amount” (or “effective amount”) refers to the amount of a compound of the present invention that, when administered to a subject, is effective to (1) at least partially alleviate, inhibit, prevent, and/or ameliorate a condition, or a disorder or a disease (i) mediated by DHODH enzymatic activity; or (ii) associated with DHODH enzymatic activity; or (iii) characterized by activity (normal or abnormal) of DHODH enzyme; or (2) reduce or inhibit the activity of DHODH enzyme; or (3) reduce or inhibit the expression of DHODH; or (4) modify the protein levels of DHODH. Without being bound by a particular theory, DHODH inhibitors are believed to act by inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, cell cycle arrest or altering post-translational glycosylation of proteins involved in regulating myeloid differentiation within progenitor tumor cells.
An additional embodiment of the invention is a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated or otherwise affected by DHODH enzymatic activity, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of at least one compound selected from compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC), such as a compound of Table 1), enantiomers and diastereomers of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC), such as a compound of Table 1), isotopic variations of the compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC), such as a compound of Table 1), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of all of the foregoing. Stated another way, according to an embodiment, a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition comprises inhibiting or otherwise altering dihydroorotate oxygenase enzyme activity in the subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of at least one compound selected from compounds of Formula (I) (as well as Formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC), such as a compound of Table 1).
In another embodiment, inhibitors of DHODH of the present invention may be used for the treatment of immunological diseases including, but not limited to, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, e.g. arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, gastritis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis, pancreatitis, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, rheumatic fever, gout, organ or transplant rejection, chronic allograft rejection, acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease, dermatitis including atopic, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, Behcet's diseases, uveitis, myasthenia gravis, Grave's disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Sjogren's syndrome, blistering disorders, antibody-mediated vasculitis syndromes, immune-complex vasculitides, allergic disorders, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, pulmonary diseases including edema, embolism, fibrosis, sarcoidosis, hypertension and emphysema, silicosis, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, BENTA disease, berylliosis, and polymyositis.
As used herein, unless otherwise noted, the term “affect” or “affected” (when referring to a disease, disorder, or medical condition that is affected by the inhibition or alteration of DHODH enzymatic activity) includes a reduction in the frequency and/or severity of one or more symptoms or manifestations of said disease, syndrome, condition or disorder; and/or includes the prevention of the development of one or more symptoms or manifestations of said disease, syndrome, condition or disorder or the development of the disease, condition, syndrome or disorder.
An additional embodiment of the invention provides a method of treatment of cancer comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isotope, N-oxide, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.
According to an embodiment, the cancer is selected from but not limited to, lymphomas, leukemias, carcinomas, and sarcomas.
An additional embodiment of the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isotope, N-oxide, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, for the treatment of one or more cancer types.
According to particular embodiments, the uses and methods of treatment described herein are directed to the treatment of cancer, wherein the cancer is selected from but not limited to:
In an embodiment, cancers that may benefit from a treatment with inhibitors of DHODH of the present invention include, but are not limited to, lymphomas, leukemias, carcinomas, and sarcomas, e.g. non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, brain (gliomas), glioblastomas, breast cancer, colorectal/colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer including non-small-cell, gastric cancer, endometrial cancer, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, sarcoma, osteosarcoma, thyroid cancer, bladder cancer, head & neck cancer, testicular cancer, Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, cervical cancer, renal cancer, urothelial cancer, vulval cancer, esophageal cancer, salivary gland cancer, nasopharangeal cancer, buccal cancer, cancer of the mouth, and GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the compounds of the present invention may be employed in combination with one or more other medicinal agents, more particularly with one or more anti-cancer agents, e.g. chemotherapeutic, anti-proliferative or immunomodulating agents, or with adjuvants in cancer therapy, e.g. immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory agents. Additional non-limiting examples of anti-cancer agents that may be administered in combination with a compound of the present invention include biologic compounds, such as monoclonal antibodies (e.g., that mediate effector function upon binding to cancer cell-associated antigens, or block interaction of a receptor expressed on cancer cells with a soluble or cell bound ligand), bispecific antibodies that mediate immune cell redirection, etc. According to an embodiment, a method of treating cancer comprises administering an effective amount of a compound of the present invention (e.g., selected from compounds of Formula (I), such as a compound shown in Table 1, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, and stereoisomers thereof) and an effective amount of one or more additional anti-cancer agents, wherein the method comprises administering the compound of the present invention and the additional anti-cancer agent(s) either simultaneously (e.g., as part of the same pharmaceutical composition) or sequentially. According to an embodiment, a pharmaceutical composition comprises an effective amount of a compound of the present invention (e.g., selected from compounds of Formula (I), such as a compound shown in Table 1, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, and stereoisomers thereof), an effective amount of one or more additional anti-cancer agents, and optionally one or more excipients.
An additional embodiment of the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, tautomers, N-oxides, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof, as part of chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of cancers, lymphomas and leukemias alone or in combination with classic antitumoral compounds well known by the one skilled in the art.
Exemplary compounds useful in methods of the invention will now be described by reference to the illustrative synthetic schemes for their general preparation below and the specific examples that follow. Artisans will recognize that, to obtain the various compounds herein, starting materials may be suitably selected so that the ultimately desired substituents will be carried through the reaction scheme with or without protection as appropriate to yield the desired product. Alternatively, it may be necessary or desirable to employ, in the place of the ultimately desired substituent, a suitable group that may be carried through the reaction scheme and replaced as appropriate with the desired substituent. Unless otherwise specified, the variables are as defined above in reference to Formula (I). Reactions may be performed between the melting point and the reflux temperature of the solvent, and preferably between 0° C. and the reflux temperature of the solvent. Reactions may be heated employing conventional heating or microwave heating. Reactions may also be conducted in sealed pressure vessels above the normal reflux temperature of the solvent.
Abbreviations used in the instant specification, particularly the schemes and examples, are as follows:
ACN acetonitrile
AcOH glacial acetic acid
aq. aqueous
Bn or Bzl benzyl
Boc tert-butyloxycarbonyl
conc. concentrated
DCC N,N′-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide
DCM dichloromethane
DIPEA or DIEA diisopropyl-ethyl amine
DMA dimethylaniline
DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine
DME dimethoxyethane
DMF N,N-dimethylformamide
DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
EA ethyl acetate
EDCI 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide
ESI electrospray ionization
EtOAc or EA ethyl acetate
EtOH ethanol
GCMS gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
h or hr(s) hour or hours
HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
KHMDS Potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
LiHMDS Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
MeOH methanol
MHz megahertz
min minute or minutes
MS mass spectrometry
NaHMDS Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
PE petrolum ether
RP reverse-phase
rt or RT room temperature
Rt retention time
Sec second or seconds
TBDPS tert-Butyldiphenylchlorosilane
TBS tert-Butyldimethylsilyl
TES triethylsilane
TIPS triisopropylsilane
TEA or Et3N triethylamine
TFA trifluoroacetic acid
THF tetrahydrofuran
TLC thin layer chromatography
TMED Tetramethylethylenediamine
Exemplary compounds useful in methods of the invention will now be described by reference to the illustrative synthetic schemes for their general preparation below and the specific examples to follow.
According to SCHEME 1, hydrazine carboxamides (I), where R is allyl, alkyl, or haloalkyl, can be reacted with a suitably protected 2-(hydroxy)acetyl chloride, where the hydroxy is protected with a suitable protecting group (PG) such as benzyl, in the presence of a suitable base such as NaOH, LiOH, TEA, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and the like, at a temperature of about 0° C. Hydrazine carboxamides (I) can be prepared by reaction of amines, H2N—R, with carbamyltating reagents such as phosgene, 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate and subsequent combination with hydrazine. Subsequent cyclization is achieved in the presence of a suitable base such as NaOH, LiOH, TEA, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and the like; at a temperature of about 95° C.; for a period of about 18 to 24 hrs; to provide 4-allyl-5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one.
According to SCHEME 2, Boc protection of 2-bromo-4-methylpyridin-3-amine, by treatment with Boc anhydride using 4-dimethylaminopyridine as an additive, in a suitable solvent such as EtOAc, DCM, THF and the like, provides 3-[di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-bromo-4-methylpyridine. 3-[Di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-bromo-4-methylpyridine is treated with vinyl boronate, and is subjected to Suzuki cross coupling conditions such as catalytic Pd(dppf)Cl2([1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II)), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), 2nd Generation XPhos Precatalyst, chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)[2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) or the like, preferably Pd(dppf)Cl2, and a base additive such as K2CO3Cs2CO3, K3PO4, NaOH, TEA or the like, preferably K2CO3, in a suitable solvent such as water, dioxane, THF, or mixture thereof, to provide 3-[di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-vinyl-4-methylpyridine. 3-[Di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-vinyl-4-methylpyridine is oxidized by treatment with osmium tetroxide and NaIO4, in a suitable solvent such as THF, water, or a mixture thereof, to provide 3-[di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-formyl-4-methylpyridine. 3-[Di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-formyl-4-methylpyridine is reacted with an electrophilic fluorinating agent such as diethylaminosulfur trifluoride, in the presence of ethanol, in a suitable solvent such as DCM, THF, and the like, to provide the difluoromethyl intermediate which is subsequently treated with an acid such as HCl, in a solvent such as dioxane, to provide a compound of the formula (V), where Re is CF2H.
According to SCHEME 3, an amine compound of formula (VI) is chlorinated with N-chlorosuccinimide; in a suitable solvent such as DMF, MeCN, and the like; for a period of 30 minutes to 18 hours; to provide a compound of formula (VII) where Re is methoxy or chloro, and Rd is hydrogen, fluoro, or chloro.
According to SCHEME 4, an amine compound of formula (VIII); where Rd is independently hydrogen or chloro, Re is OCH3, and n is 1 or 2; is demethylated using BBr3 in a suitable solvent such as dichloroethane, dichloromethane, THF, and the like, for a period of 18 hr; at 0° C. to 80° C. to provide a compound of formula (IX).
According to SCHEME 5, 2,3-dichloro-5-methylpyridin-4-amine is treated with sodium methoxide, in a solvent such as toluene, at a temperature such as 120° C., to provide a compound of the formula (X) where Re is OCH3.
According to SCHEME 6, 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid is reacted with sodium methoxide, in a suitable solvent such as MeOH, and the like, for a period of 36 hr, at a temperature such as 100° C., to afford 3-chloro-6-methoxypicolinic acid. 3-Chloro-6-methoxypicolinic acid is reacted with a demethylating agent such as chlorotrimethylsilane and sodium iodide, in a suitable solvent such as MeCN, THF, and the like, for a period of 12 hr, at a temperature of about 80° C., to afford 3-chloro-6-hydroxypicolinic acid. 3-Chloro-6-hydroxypicolinic acid is N-methylated using a reagent such as methyl iodide, a base such as potassium hydroxide, and the like, in a suitable solvent such as MeOH, water, or a mixture thereof, at a temperature of 80° C., for a period of 1 hr, to afford 3-chloro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid. 3-Chloro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid is treated with diphenylphosphoryl azide, a base such as triethylamine, in a suitable solvent such as toluene, at a temperature such as 80° C., to afford a compound of formula (XI), where Rd is Cl.
According to SCHEME 7, 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinoyl chloride is prepared from commercially available or synthetically accessible 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinic acid, by using oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride, in the presence of a catalytic amount of DMF, in a suitable solvent such as an aprotic non polar solvent such as dichloromethane (DCM), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile (ACN, MeCN), toluene, and the like, at a temperatures ranging from 0° C. to room temperature. Subsequent reaction of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinoyl chloride with an alcohol such as isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol, preferably isopropanol; in a suitable solvent such as THF, dimethylformamide (DMF), or ACN affords isopropyl 2,6-dichloronicotinate.
Reaction of isopropyl 2,6-dichloronicotinate with a commercially available or synthetically accessible nucleophile compounds of formula (XII); such as suitably protected triazolones, where PG is selected from: benzyl, 4-methoxy benzyl, or an alkyl or aryl silane such as TBDPS, TBS, TES, or TIPS; in the presence of a base such as K2CO3, Cs2CO3, NaHCO3, triethylamine, and the like; in a suitable solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), DMF, THF, ACN, and the like; affords a compound of formula (XIII). In a preferred method, PG is benzyl, and Rc is C1-6alkyl.
According to SCHEME 8, an alkoxide salt of formula (XIV) is prepared by treatment of a suitable alcohol such as (S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol, (R)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol, isopropanol, cyclobutanol, preferably (S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol; with a suitable base such as NaH, KHMDS, LiHMDS, or NaHMDS, preferably KHMDS; in a suitable solvent such as THF, DMF, or ACN, preferably THF. Subsequent reaction of an alkoxide salt of formula (XIV), with a compound of formula (XIII), in a suitable solvent such as in a solvent such as THF, DMF, or ACN, preferably THF; provides a compound of formula (XV), where X is O, PG is benzyl, R1a is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl, R1b is C1-6alkyl, and Rc is C1-6alkyl. A compound of formula (XV), where X is O, and R1a is C1-6alkyl substituted with OH, or OCH3; C1-6haloalkyl substituted with OH, or OCH3; and C3-6cycloalkyl; R1b is CH3 or CHF2; or R1a and R1b come together to form C3-6cycloalkyl; C3-6cycloalkyl independently substituted with one or two members each selected from the group consisting of: halo, OH, C1-6alkyl, and C1-6haloalkyl; oxetanyl; tetrahydrofuranyl; and tetrahydropyranyl; and Rc is C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, and C3-6cycloalkyl may be prepared in a manner analogous to previously described methods from a compound of formula (XIII).
According to SCHEME 9, a compound of the formula (XVI) where R3 is 2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl; is reacted with trimethyl aluminum; in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, toluene, or a mixture thereof; the resulting solution is combined with a compound of the formula (XIII); to provide a compound of the formula (XVII). Compounds of formula (XVII), may also be prepared from amines of formula (XVI), where R3 is as defined in claim 1, employing the procedures as described previously.
According to SCHEME 10, a compound of formula (XVII) is reacted with a commercially available or synthetically accessible nucleophile of formula (XVIII), where X is O, S, or NRa, and R1a and R1b are as defined in claim 1; in the presence or absence of suitable base such as LiHMDS, NaHMDS, KHMDS, K2CO3, Cs2CO3, NaHCO3, triethylamine, and the like; in a suitable solvent such as THF, DMSO, DMF, DMA, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), ACN, and the like; followed by subsequent deprotection of the protecting group PG, employing established methodologies, such as those described in T. W. Greene and P. G. M. Wuts, “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,” 3 ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1999; to afford a compound of Formula (I).
A compound of Formula (I), where R2 is
and Rb is CH2OH, is fluorinated with a fluorinating agent such as diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST), and the like, in a suitable solvent such as DCM, and the like, at temperatures ranging from 0° C. to 50° C., for a period of 2-16 h, to provide a compound of Formula (I) where R2 is
and Rb is CH2F.
A compound of Formula (I), where R2 is
and Rb is CH2OH, is chlorinated employing thionyl chloride, in a suitable solvent such as benzene, and the like, at temperatures ranging from 0° C. to 50° C., for a period of 2-16 h, to provide a compound of Formula (I) where R2 is
and Rb is CH2Cl.
A compound of Formula (I), where R2 is
and Rb is CH2OH is reacted with sodium methoxide, in a suitable solvent such as MeOH, at a temperature ranging from rt to 65° C., to provide a compound of Formula (I) where R2 is
and Rb is CH2OCH3.
A compound of Formula (I), where R2 is
and Rb is CH2OH is reacted with an oxidizing agent such as KMnO4, MnO2, Des Martin periodinane, and the like; in a suitable solvent such as acetone, DCM, DMF, and the like; at temperatures ranging from 0° C. to room temperature; for a period of about 5 minutes to 16 hours to provide an acid derivative. The acid is converted to the Weinreb amide, by methods known to one skilled in the art, employing N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride, base such as triethylamine or the like, and an amidating agent such as HATU, or the like, to provide a Weinreb amide derivative. Furthermore, the Weinreb amide can be treated with a Grignard reagent, such as methylmagnesium bromide, for example, to produce a ketone which is subsequently reduced with a suitable reducing agent, such as NaBH4, or the like; in a suitable solvent, such as MeOH, EtOH, or the like; to produce the secondary alcohol of the Formula (I), where R2 is
and Rb is CH(CH3)OH. Alternatively, the ketone can be subsequently treated with another Grignard reagent, such as MeMgBr, to provide the tertiary alcohol of Formula (I), where R2 is
and Rb is C(CH3)2OH.
According to SCHEME 11, an amine compound of formula (XVI) where R3 is as defined in claim 1, is combined with trimethylaluminum; in a solvent such as toluene, dichloromethane, and the like; for a period of 15 minutes to 4 hours, preferably 30 min; and then subsequently combined with a compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is C1-4alkyl, to provide a compound of formula (XX), where PG is benzyl; R1a is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl; R1b is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl; and R2 is as described in claim 1.
Alternatively, a compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is C1-4alkl is hydrolyzed to the acid compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is H; using a suitable base such as NaOH, LiOH, KOH, and the like; in a suitable solvent such as MeOH, EtOH, THF, MeCN, H2O, or a mixture thereof; and subsequently reacted with an amine compound of formula (XVI) (including compounds of formula (V), (VI), (VII), (IX), (X), and (XI)); using conventional amide bond forming techniques such as coupling reactions which are well known to those skilled in the art. For example, reaction of an amine compound of formula (XVI) where R3 is as defined in claim 1; with the acid compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is H, where the acid is first activated with an appropriate activating reagent, for example a carbodiimide, such as DCC or EDCI optionally in the presence of hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) and/or a catalyst such as DMAP; a halotrisaminophosphonium salt such as benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), or benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBroP); a suitable pyridinium salt such as 2-chloro-1-methyl pyridinium chloride; or another suitable coupling agent such as 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate (HATU), 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphorinane-2,4,6-trioxide (T3P®) and the like. Coupling reactions are conducted in a suitable solvent such as DCM, THF, DMF and the like, optionally in the presence of a tertiary amine such as N-methylmorpholine, N-ethyldiisopropylamine (DIEA, DIPEA), or triethylamine (TEA), at a temperature ranging from about 0° C. to rt, to provide compound a of formula (XX).
Alternatively, a compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is C1-4alkyl is hydrolyzed to the acid compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is H, employing conditions previously described. Subsequent reaction of the acid compound of formula (XIX), where Rg is H; with a chlorinating agent such as thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride; in a suitable solvent such as THF, DCM, and the like; with a catalytic amount of DMF; followed by reaction with an amine compound of formula (XVI), R3—NH2; at temperatures ranging from 0° C. to room temperature; for a period of about 2-4 hrs; provides a compound of formula (XX).
Cleavage of the benzyl protecting group on a compound of formula (XX) is achieved according to procedures known to one skilled in the art and employing established methodologies, such as those described in T. W. Greene and P. G. M. Wuts, “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,” 3 ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1999. For example, when PG is benzyl, deprotection is achieved employing Pd/C; under an H2; in a suitable solvent such as EtOH, MeOH, EtOAc, or a mixture thereof, preferably EtOH; with or without the presence HCl, preferably 0.75 equiv for 4 to 72 hr, to provide a compound of Formula (I). Additionally, when PG is benzyl, deprotection can be employed using trifluoroacetic acid as solvent. In an alternate method, debenzylation is also achieved employing BCl3, in a suitable solvent such as DCM, at a temperature of about −78° C., to afford a compound of Formula (I).
According to SCHEME 12, a compound of formula (XV) where X is O, PG is benzyl, R1a is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl, R1b is C1-6alkyl, and Rc is C1-6alkyl is as described in claim 1, is combined with an acid such as TFA, HCl, TsOH and the like; for a period of 1 to 24 hours, at a temperature of 70° C.; to provide a compound of formula (XXII). A compound of formula (XXII) is reacted with an electrophilic fluorinating agent such as diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST), in a suitable solvent such as DCM, THF, and the like, to provide a fluoromethyl compound of formula (XXIII). A compound of formula (XXIII) is reacted with an amine of the formula (XVI), where R3 is an appropriately substituted commercially available or synthetically accessible aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl as defined in claim 1, employing amidation conditions previously described to afford a compound of Formula (I), where R1a is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl, R1b is C1-6alkyl.
Alternatively, a compound of formula (XXIII) where Rc is allyl, is dehydroxylated, oxidatively cleaved and reduced using an osmium tetroxide-sodium periodinate-sodium borohydride sequence, known to one skilled in the art, to provide compound of formula (XXIII) where Rc is CH2CH2OH. A compound of formula (XXIII) where Rc is CH2CH2OH is amidated with an amine of formula R3NH2, employing conditions known to one skilled in the art or as previously described, to afford a compound of Formula (I), where Rc is CH2CH2OH and R1a is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl, R1b is C1-6alkyl, and R3 is an aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl as defined in claim 1.
Alternatively, a compound (XXIII) where Rc is allyl, can be hydroborated using 9-borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane (9-BBN) and subsequently oxidized using hydrogen peroxide, under conditions known to one skilled in the art, to afford a compound of formula (XXIII) where Rc is CH2CH2CH2OH. A compound of formula (XXIII), where Rc is CH2CH2CH2OH, is amidated employing conditions previously described with an amine of formula R3NH2, to afford a compound of Formula (I) where Rc is CH2CH2CH2OH, R1a is C1-6alkyl or C1-6haloalkyl, R1b is C1-6alkyl, and R3 is an aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl as defined in claim 1.
Compounds of Formula (I) may be converted to their corresponding salts using methods known to one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, an amine of Formula (I) is treated with trifluoroacetic acid, HCl, or citric acid in a solvent such as Et2O, CH2Cl2, THF, MeOH, chloroform, or isopropanol to provide the corresponding salt form. Alternately, trifluoroacetic acid or formic acid salts are obtained as a result of reverse phase HPLC purification conditions. Cyrstalline forms of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) may be obtained in crystalline form by recrystallization from polar solvents (including mixtures of polar solvents and aqueous mixtures of polar solvents) or from non-polar solvents (including mixtures of non-polar solvents).
Where the compounds according to this invention have at least one chiral center, they may accordingly exist as enantiomers. Where the compounds possess two or more chiral centers, they may additionally exist as diastereomers. It is to be understood that all such isomers and mixtures thereof are encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
Compounds prepared according to the schemes described above may be obtained as single forms, such as single enantiomers, by form-specific synthesis, or by resolution. Compounds prepared according to the schemes above may alternately be obtained as mixtures of various forms, such as racemic (1:1) or non-racemic (not 1:1) mixtures. Where racemic and non-racemic mixtures of enantiomers are obtained, single enantiomers may be isolated using conventional separation methods known to one of ordinary skill in the art, such as chiral chromatography, recrystallization, diastereomeric salt formation, derivatization into diastereomeric adducts, biotransformation, or enzymatic transformation. Where regioisomeric or diastereomeric mixtures are obtained, as applicable, single isomers may be separated using conventional methods such as chromatography or crystallization.
The following specific examples are provided to further illustrate the invention and various preferred embodiments.
In obtaining the compounds described in the examples below and the corresponding analytical data, the following experimental and analytical protocols were followed unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise stated, reaction mixtures were magnetically stirred at room temperature (rt) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Where solutions were “dried,” they were generally dried over a drying agent such as Na2SO4 or MgSO4. Where mixtures, solutions, and extracts were “concentrated”, they were typically concentrated on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure.
Normal-phase silica gel chromatography (FCC) was performed on silica gel (SiO2) using prepacked cartridges.
Preparative reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) was performed on either:
Preparative supercritical fluid high performance liquid chromatography (SFC) was performed either on a Thar 80 Prep-SFC system, or Waters 80Q Prep-SFC system from Waters. The ABPR was set to 100 bar to keep the CO2 in SF conditions, and the flow rate may verify according to the compound characteristics, with a flow rate ranging from 50 g/min to 70 g/min. The column temperature was ambient temperature
Mass spectra (MS) were obtained on a SHIMADZU LCMS-2020 MSD or Agilent 1200\G6110A MSD using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive mode unless otherwise indicated. Calculated (calcd.) mass corresponds to the exact mass.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were obtained on Bruker model AVIII 400 spectrometers. Definitions for multiplicity are as follows: s=singlet, d=doublet, t=triplet, q=quartet, m=multiplet, br=broad. It will be understood that for compounds comprising an exchangeable proton, said proton may or may not be visible on an NMR spectrum depending on the choice of solvent used for running the NMR spectrum and the concentration of the compound in the solution.
Chemical names were generated using ChemDraw Ultra 17.1 (CambridgeSoft Corp., Cambridge, Mass.) or OEMetaChem V1.4.0.4 (Open Eye).
Compounds designated as R* or S* are enantiopure compounds where the absolute configuration was not determined.
Step A: 3-Chloro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine. To a mixture of 2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (20 g, 161.1 mmol) in DMF (200 mL) was added N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) (21.5 g, 161.1 mmol) at 15° C. under N2. The mixture was stirred at 30° C. for 36 hours. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (50 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=15/1 to 3/1) to give the title compound (24 g, 149.8 mmol, 93% yield, 99% purity) as yellow oil. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H7ClN2O, 158.0; m/z found, 159.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.72 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (br s, 2H), 3.99 (s, 3H).
Step B. 4-Amino-3-chloropyridin-2(1H)-one. To a solution of 3-chloro-2-methoxy-pyridin-4-amine (1 g, 6.31 mmol) in dichloroethane (DCE) (20 mL) was added BBr3 (7.90 g, 31.5 mmol, 3.0 mL) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 12 hr. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition water (100 mL×2) at 0° C., and then extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL×8). The combined organic layer was washed with brine (300 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, dichloromethane/methanol=1/1 to 5/1) to give the title compound (550 mg, 3.80 mmol, 60% yield) as a brown solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C5H5ClN2O, 144.0; m/z found, 144.9 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ=7.12 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.06 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H).
Step A: 3,5-Dichloro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine. To a solution of 2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (3 g, 24 mmol) in acetonitrile (ACN) (100 mL) was added NCS (12.9 g, 96.7 mmol) portions. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 72 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (500 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (500 mL×2). The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to give title compound (3.7 g, 76% yield, 96% purity) as yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C6H6N2Cl2O, 192.0; m/z found, 193.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.83 (s, 1H), 4.92 (br s, 1H), 3.98 (s, 1H).
Step B: 4-Amino-3,5-dichloropyridin-2(1H)-one. To a solution of 3,5-dichloro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (1.2 g, 6.22 mmol) in DCM (25 mL) was added BBr3 (7.79 g, 31.08 mmol, 3.00 mL) at 0° C. under N2. The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was slowly added into methanol (100 mL) at 0° C. The mixture was adjusted to pH˜8 with solid potassium carbonate. Then the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (SiO2, dichloromethane:methanol=100:1˜10:1) to give title compound (566 mg, 3.13 mmol, 50% yield, 99% purity) as yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C5H4N2OCl2, 178.0; m/z found, 179.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=11.34 (br s, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 6.45 (s, 1H).
To a mixture of 3-chloro-6-methoxypyridin-2-amine (650 mg, 4.10 mmol in DCE (15 mL) was added BBr3 (5.13 g, 20.49 mmol, 1.97 mL) in one portion at 0° C. under N2. The mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 13 hours. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL×15). The combined organic phase was dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (1000 mesh silica gel, dichloromethane:methanol=100/1 to 20/1) to give title compound (585 mg, 3.84 mmol, 94% yield, 95% purity) as brown solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C5H5ClN2O, 144.0; m/z found, 145.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ=7.37 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 5.72 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H).
To a solution of 5-fluoro-2-methoxy-pyridin-4-amine (500 mg, 3.52 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added NCS (1.41 g, 10.55 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 12 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×3). The organic layer was washed with brine (20 mL×5), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=50/1 to 3/1) to give the title compound (485 mg, 2.72 mmol, 77% yield, 99% purity) as brown solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C6H6N2ClFO, 176.0; m/z found, 177.1 [M+]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.72 (s, 1H), 4.63 (br s, 2H), 3.96 (s, 3H).
Step A. 2,3-Dichloro-5-methylpyridin-4-amine. To a solution of 2-chloro-5-methyl-pyridin-4-amine (6.5 g, 45.59 mmol) in ACN (130 mL) was added N-N-chlorosuccinimide (24.35 g, 182.35 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 40° C. for 3.5 hrs. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (100 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 0.1% NH3.H2O, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=10/1 to 1/1) to give 15 g product with 54.5% purity. 11 g product was further purified by reversed-phase HPLC (Column: Welch Ultimate XB_C18 57*235 mm 20/40 um; 120 Å; A:water (0.1% FA) B:acetonitrile; Gradient B %: 0%-50%, 25 min; 50%, 30 min) to give the title compound (3.2 g, 97.5% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H6Cl2N2, 176.0; m/z found, 177.5 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.83 (s, 1H), 4.69 (br s, 2H), 2.14 (s, 3H).
Step B. 3-Chloro-2-methoxy-5-methylpyridin-4-amine. To a stirred solution of methanol (MeOH) (30 mL) was added Na metal (2.15 g, 93.37 mmol) slowly. The reaction was stirred at 16° C. for 2 hrs. Then the mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved into toluene (60 mL) and added 2,3-dichloro-5-methylpyridin-4-amine (1.9 g, 10.73 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 100 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with DCM (100 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (150 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=60/1 to 5/1) to give the title compound (1.12 g, 6.44 mmol, 60% yield, 99.7% purity) was obtained as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H9ClN2O, 172.0; m/z found, 173.8 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.61 (s, 1H), 4.50 (br s, 2H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to procedure as described in J. Med. Chem., 2016, 59 (18), pp 8293-8305. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C7H13N3, 139.1; m/z found, 140.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=5.09 (s, 1H), 4.97 (s, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.65-2.61 (m, 1H), 1.09 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 6H).
Step A: 3-Chloro-6-methoxypicolinic acid. Sodium (15.31 g, 665.81 mmol) was added into MeOH (350 mL) which was stirred at 25° C. for 1 hr. Then 3,6-dichloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (18.5 g, 96.35 mmol) was added and the mixture was warmed to 100° C. The mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 36 h. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure in vacuo. Aqueous hydrochloric acid (1 M, 800 mL) was added to the residue and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (500 mL×3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as white solid (17.5 g, 83.96 mmol, 87.14% yield, 90% purity). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H6ClNO3, 187.0; m/z found, 188.6 [M+H]+.
Step B: 3-Chloro-6-hydroxypicolinic acid. To a solution of 3-chloro-6-methoxypicolinic acid (5 g, 26.66 mmol) and trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl) (5.79 g, 53.31 mmol, 6.77 mL) in MeCN (65 mL) was added NaI (7.99 g, 53.31 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was triturated with water (50 mL) and filtered to collect the filter cake. The filter cake was triturated with dichloromethane (50 mL) at 25° C. and then filtered. The filter cake was dried to give the title compound as white solid (2.8 g, 15.81 mmol, 59% yield, 98% purity). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H4ClNO3, 173.0; m/z found, 174.6 [M+H]+.
Step C: 3-Chloro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid. To a mixture of 3-chloro-6-hydroxypicolinic acid (2.8 g, 16.13 mmol) and KOH (1.81 g, 32.27 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) and H2O (0.3 mL) was added CH3I (2.98 g, 20.97 mmol, 1.31 mL) at 0° C. under N2. Then the mixture was warmed to 80° C. and stirred for 12 hr. The reaction mixture a combined with another two batches (200 mg scale and 300 mg scale) was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted with water (100mL) and washed with dichloromethane (150 mL×3). The aqueous phase was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved with (dichloromethane/methyl alcohol=10/1, 80 mL) and stirred for 12 h, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give title compound as yellow solid (2.12 g, 11.30 mmol, 100% purity). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H6ClNO3, 187.0; m/z found, 188.6 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.42 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 6.30 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H).
Step D: 6-Amino-5-chloro-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one. To a solution of 3-chloro-1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (1 g, 5.33 mmol) in toluene (40 mL) was added TEA (1.08 g, 10.66 mmol, 1.48 mL). The mixture was warmed to 50° C. Then diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA) (2.20 g, 8.00 mmol, 1.73 mL) was added and the mixture was warmed to 80° C. and stirred for 6 h. Then water (0.1 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 6 h at 80° C. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove solvent. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, dichloromethane/methanol=100/1 to 30/1), following by RP HPLC (condition A) to afford the title compound (100 mg, 630.58 μmol, 12% yield, 100% purity). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H7ClN2O, 158.0; m/z found, 159.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ=7.35 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 5.79 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 3.52 (s, 3H).
Step A. tert-Butyl N-(2-bromo-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-carbamate. To a stirred solution of 2-bromo-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (4 g, 21 mmol) and DMAP (2.35 g, 19.2 mmol) in ethyl acetate (80 mL) was added Boc2O (14.00 g, 64.16 mmol, 14.74 mL) in ethyl acetate (12 mL) dropwise at 30° C. The mixture was stirred at 30° C. for 15 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice-water (150 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with 0.5 N HCl (100 mL) and brine (150 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=15/1) to give the title compound (7.3 g, 18.85 mmol, 88% yield, 100% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C16H23BrN2O4, 386.1/388.1; m/z found, 387.3/389.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.19 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 18H).
Step B. tert-Butyl N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-(4-methyl-2-vinyl-3-pyridyl)carbamate. To a mixture of tert-butyl N-(2-bromo-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-carbamate (8 g, 20.66 mmol), vinyl BF3K (4.98 g, 37.2 mmol), K2CO3 (7.14 g, 51.6 mmol) in dioxane (100 mL) and H2O (20 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl2 (3.02 g, 4.13 mmol) under N2. The mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 16 hr under N2 atmosphere. The mixture was poured into water (200 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (300 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (400 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=20/1) to give the title compound (5.73 g, 17.0 mmol, 82% yield, 99.1% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H26N2O4, 334.2; m/z found, 335.5 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.39 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J=10.8, 17.0 Hz, 1H), 6.40 (dd, J=1.7, 17.0 Hz, 1H), 5.52 (dd, J=1.8, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.36 (s, 18H).
Step C. tert-Butyl N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-(2-formyl-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)carbamate. To a solution of tert-butyl N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-(4-methyl-2-vinyl-3-pyridyl)carbamate (4.7 g, 14.1 mmol,) in THF (120 mL) and H2O (40 mL) was added OsO4 (714 mg, 2.81 mmol) and NaIO4 (18.04 g, 84.33 mmol) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 16° C. for 5 hr. The mixture was poured into saturated aqueous Na2SO3 (600 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (300 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (500 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=9/1) to give the title compound (4.12 g, 11.6 mmol, 83% yield, 95% purity) was obtained as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H24N2O5, 336.2; m/z found, 337.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.09 (s, 1H), 8.61 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 1.38 (s, 18H)
Step D. tert-Butyl N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-[2-(difluoromethyl)-4-methyl-3-pyridyl]carbamate. To a solution of tert-butyl N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-(2-formyl-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)carbamate (3.9 g, 11.6 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) was added DAST (9.34 g, 58.0 mmol, 7.66 mL) at 0° C. under N2. To the mixture was added EtOH (53.41 mg, 1.16 mmol, 67.78 μL) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 16° C. for 15 hrs. The mixture was poured into saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (500 mL) and extracted with DCM (200 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (300 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by RP HPLC (condition A) to give the title compound (1.9 g, 4.77 mmol, 41% yield, 90% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H24F2N2O4, 358.2; m/z found, 359.4 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.48 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (t, J=54.0 Hz, 1H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.38 (s, 18H)
Step E. 2-(Difluoromethyl)-4-methylpyridin-3-amine. A solution of tert-butyl N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-[2-(difluoromethyl)-4-methyl-3-pyridyl]carbamate (1.8 g, 4.5 mmol) in HCl/dioxane (20 mL) was stirred at 16° C. for 1 hr. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was poured into saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (70 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=50/1) to give the title compound (536 mg, 3.39 mmol, 75% yield, 100% purity) was obtained as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H8F2N2, 158.1; m/z found, 159.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.90 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (t, J=54.0 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (br s, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H).
Step A: N-Allylhydrazinecarboxamide. To a solution of NH2NH2.H2O (4.2 mL, 84 mmol, 98%) in DCM (70 mL) was added allyl isocyanate (7 g, 84 mmol) at −60° C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. Then the reaction mixture was cooled in ice for 30 minutes and filtered. The solid was washed with DCM. The filtrate dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound as white solid (8.2 g, yield: 84%) which was used crude in the next step without purification. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.41 (s, 1H), 5.72-5.89 (m, 1H), 4.96-5.15 (m, 2H), 4.10 (s, 2H), 3.58-3.70 (m, 2H).
Step B: 4-Allyl-5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one. To a solution of N-allylhydrazinecarboxamide (8.2 g, 71 mmol) in THF (80 mL) was added benzyloxyacetyl chloride (13.1 g, 71 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0° C. Then 5 M aqueous NaOH solution (14 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was suspended in 2 M aqueous NaOH solution (114 mL), then stirred and refluxed at 95° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled room temperature. Then neutralized by the dropwise addition of 6 M aqueous HCl solution. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as white solid (10.7 g, yield: 62%).
To a solution of N-isopropylhydrazinecarboxamide (12.5 g, 106.7 mmol) in 100 mL THF was added 2-(benzyloxy)acetyl chloride (19.7 g, 106.7 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0° C., 5M NaOH (21.3 mL, 106.71 mmol) was added, and reaction was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was warmed to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was suspended in 2M NaOH (320.1 mmol) and stirred for 12 hours at 95° C. Following heating, the reaction was cooled to 0° C. and neutralized to pH 7 with 6M HCl. Upon neutralization, white solids crashed out. The solids were filtered and the filter cake dried under vacuum to provide the title compound as a white solid (13.1 g, 51.6 mmol, 48.3% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=1.49-1.50 (m, 3H) 1.51-1.52 (m, 3H) 4.30-4.38 (m, 1H) 4.40-4.43 (m, 2H) 4.52-4.56 (m, 2H) 7.32-7.41 (m, 5H) 8.61 (br s, 1H).
Step A: 4-Nitrophenyl (2,2-difluoroethyl)carbamate. 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate ([7693-46-1], 15 g, 74 mmol) was added to the solution of 2,2-difluoroethylamine (5 g, 62 mmol) and pyridine (9.8 g, 123 mmol) in THF (250 mL) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as white solid (20 g, crude), which was used directly in the next step.
Step B: N-(2,2-Difluoroethyl)hydrazinecarboxamide. To a solution of 4-nitrophenyl (2,2-difluoroethyl)carbamate (20 g crude) in THF (150 mL) was added hydrazine (98%, 3.3 mL, 67 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as red brown oil (21 g, crude), which was used directly in the next step.
Step C: 5-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one. To a solution of N-(2,2-difluoroethyl)hydrazinecarboxamide (21 g crude) in THF (210 mL) was added benzyloxyacetyl chloride (24 mL, 151 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0° C., NaOH (5 M aqueous solution, 30 mL, 150 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in NaOH (2 M aqueous solution, 129 mL, 258 mmol), then stirred and refluxed overnight at 95° C. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered. The filtrate was neutralized by the drop wise addition of 6 M HCl aqueous solution. The mixture was extracted with DCM, and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, gradient elution: 0-100% EtOAc in petroleum ether), then further purified by preparative reversed phase HPLC (Stationary phase: YMC-Triart Prep C18, 10 μm, 250×50 mm; Mobile phase: water (0.225% formic acid v/v) (A)—MeCN (B), gradient elution: 25-45% B in A over 20 min, flow rate: 120 mL/min) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (9.1 g, yield of 3 steps: 18%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C12H13F2N3O2, 269.10; m/z found, 270.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.87 (br s, 1H), 7.30-7.42 (m, 5H), 5.86-6.19 (m, 1H), 4.55 (s, 2H), 4.48 (s, 2H), 4.14 (td, J=13.8, 4.2 Hz, 2H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ −122.56 (t, J=13.6 Hz, 1F), −122.70 (t, J=13.9 Hz, 1F).
To a solution of 4-methoxypyridin-2-amine (250 mg, 2014 μmol) in chloroform (CDCl3) (10 mL) was added portionwise 2-chloro-1,3-bis(methoxycarbonyl)guanidine (Palau'Chlor®) (506 mg, 2.417 mmol) at 0° C., The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (Isco-normal phase, 24 g, SiO2 from Heptane/Ethyl acetate=100/0 to Heptane/Ethyl acetate=0/100) to afford the title compound (62 mg, 19% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H7ClN2O, 158.0. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.90 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 6.34 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (br s, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Intermediate 12, except using 4-ethoxypyridin-2-amine instead of 4-methoxypyridin-2-amine in Step A. (106 mg, yield 17.0%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.87 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 6.31 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (br s, 2H), 4.07-4.18 (m, 2H), 1.47 (t, J=6.85 Hz, 4H).
To a solution of 2,6-dichloro-4-methyl-3-nitro-pyridine (3 g, 14.49 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added K2CO3 (3.00 g, 21.74 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 16 h. TLC showed the starting material was consumed completely and two new spots formed. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL×2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL×2), dried over Na2SO4 filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 3 g crude product as a yellow oil. To the 3 g crude product in AcOH (20 mL) was added Fe (8.27 g, 148.08 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 3 h. LCMS showed two peaks with desired mass were detected. The mixture was diluted with H2O/EtOAc (300 mL/300 mL), and filtered. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc (300 mL×2). The combined organic layers were washed with NaHCO3 (30 mL×2) and brine (30 mL×2), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by RP HPLC (METHOD D) to give 2-chloro-6-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-amine and 6-chloro-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-amine as separate fractions. The 2-chloro-6-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-amine was dissolved in EtOAc (5 mL). EtOAc/HCl (4 M, 5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 10 min. The suspension was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (821 mg, 3.93 mmol, 100% purity, HCl salt) as a yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C7H9ClN2O, 172.0; m/z found, 173.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=6.64 (s, 1H), 6.46 (br s, 4H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H).
Step A. 3-Bromo-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine. To a solution of 2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (5.0 g, 40.28 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added NBS (7.17 g, 40.28 mmol) at 0° C. Then the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 4 hrs. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether/EtOAc=5/1 to 2/1) to give the title compound (7.9 g, 38.91 mmol, 96.60% yield) as a yellow oil. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.67 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.26 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (s, 3H).
Step B. 2-Methoxy-3-methylpyridin-4-amine. To a mixture of 3-bromo-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (7.9 g, 38.91 mmol), 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriborinane (39.08 g, 155.64 mmol) in dioxane (100 mL) and H2O (10 mL) was added Na2CO3 (18.56 g, 175.09 mmol) followed by Pd(dppf)Cl2 (2.85 g, 3.89 mmol) under N2. Then the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. and stirred under N2 for 12 hrs. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C. and filtered through Celite®. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether/EttOAc=3/1 to 1/1) to give the title compound (5.00 g, 36.19 mmol, 93.01% yield) as a yellow oil. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H10N2O, 138.1; m/z found, 139.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.66 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.24 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 1.97 (m, 3H).
Step C. 5-Chloro-2-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-4-amine. To a solution of 2-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-4-amine (1.0 g, 7.24 mmol) in MeCN (15 mL) was added NCS (966.46 mg, 7.24 mmol) in MeCN (15 mL). Then the reaction mixture was stirred at 75° C. for 24 hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into H2O (150 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (50 mL×3). The combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by RP HPLC (METHOD D). The resulting product was converted into HCl salt by treating with HCl/EtOAc (4 M) to give the title compounds (210 mg, 938.14 umol, 6.48% yield, 93.4% purity, HCl salt) as gray solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H9ClN2O, 172.0; m/z found, 173.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.85 (s, 1H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 1.97 (m, 3H).
The title compound obtained as described in Intermediate was further purified by RP HPLC (method D). The resulting product was dissolved in EtOAc (5 mL). EtOAc/HCl (4 M, 5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 10 min. The suspension was concentrated in vacuo to give the tiltle compound (711.41 mg, 3.40 mmol, 100% purity, HCl salt) as a yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C7H9ClN2O, 172.0; m/z found, 173.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.29 (br s, 3H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H).
Step A. 3-Bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine. To a mixture of 5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (1 g, 7.04 mmol) in DCM (45 mL) was added NBS (1.31 g, 7.39 mmol) in one portion at 0° C. under N2. The mixture was stirred at 30° C. for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water (40 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (30 mL×2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (20 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (1000 mesh silica gel, petroleum ether/EtOAc=20/1, 5/1) to give the title compound (1.48 g, 6.62 mmol, 94% yield, 98.8% purity) as yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H6BrFN2O, 219.9; m/z found, 221.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.73 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.76-4.65 (m, 2H), 3.99-3.92 (m, 3H).
Step B. 4-Amino-5-fluoro-2-methoxynicotinonitrile. To a mixture of 3-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (1.4 g, 6.33 mmol) in NMP (15 mL) was added CuCN (1.13 g, 12.67 mmol) in one portion under N2. The mixture was stirred at 145° C. for 24 hours. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (50 mL×3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (15 mL×2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (1000 mesh silica gel, Petroleum ether/EtOAc=20/1, 3/1) to give the title compound (1 g, 5.95 mmol, 93.99% yield, 99.5% purity) as yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C7H6FN3O, 167.0; m/z found, 168.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.85 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 5.15-4.91 (m, 2H), 4.02-3.91 (m, 3H).
Step A: tert-Butyl (4-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)carbamate. tert-VButyl (2-methoxypyridin-3-yl) carbamate ([161117-83-5], 4 g, 17.8 mmol) was dissolved in TEMED (5.4 mL, 35.7 mmol) and THF (80 mL) under N2. Then n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexane, 28.5 mL, 71.3 mmol) was added to the mixture at −15° C. After 1.5 hours at −15° C., NFSI ([133745-75-2], 6.2 g, 19.6 mmol) in THF (28 mL) was added to the mixture. The mixture was allowed slowly to warm to room temperature overnight. The mixture was added to saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, gradient elution: 0-20% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1.75 g, yield: 36%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C11H15FN2O3, 242.11; m/z found, 243.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.94 (dd, J=7.7, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (dd, J=8.8, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (br s, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 1.51 (s, 9 H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ=−108.16 (br s, 1F).
Step B: 4-Fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-amine. A solution of tert-butyl (4-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)carbamate (1.4 g, 5.78 mmol) in toluene (20 mL) was added to silica gel (6.9 g, 116 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100° C. overnight then cooled down to room temperature. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure (below 25° C.). The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, gradient elution: 0˜15% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to give the title compound as a yellow oil (700 mg, yield: 85%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H7FN2O, 142.05; m/z found, 143.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.52 (dd, J=7.9, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (dd, J=9.5, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 3.99-4.05 (s, 3H), 3.69 (br s, 2H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ=−127.93-127.06 (m, 1F).
To a solution of 4-chloro-2-methoxy-3-nitropyridine ([934180-48-0], 300 mg, 1.6 mmol) in MeOH/THF/H2O (v/v/v, 1/1/1, 9 mL) was added iron powder (444 mg, 8.0 mmol) and NH4Cl (426 mg, 8.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite®. The solid was rinsed with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Then, the residue was diluted with EtOAc and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, gradient elution: 0-10% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to give the title compound as a brown semi-solid (160 mg, yield: 63%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C6H7ClN2O, 158.02; m/z found, 159.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.34 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 5.17 (br s, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H).
Step A: Isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinate. The title compound was prepared in a manner analogous to Example 1, Steps A-D except substituting isopropanol for (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol in Step D. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C24H29FN4O5, 472.2; m/z found, 473 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 8.03 (d, 1H, J=9.3 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (m, 5H), 5.3-5.4 (m, 1H), 5.2-5.3 (m, 1H), 4.6-4.6 (m, 2H), 4.5-4.5 (m, 2H), 3.8-3.9 (m, 2H), 1.3-1.4 (m, 15H).
Step B: 6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinic acid. To a vial was added Isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinate (240 mg, 0.508 mmol), lithium hydroxide (243 mg, 10.2 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (5.4 mL) and water (0.96 mL). The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 2 hr. The mixture was concentrated and diluted in EtOAc (100 mL) and water (25 mL) and 1N HCl was added to reach pH=1. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The organics were dried, filtered, and concentrated and yielded the crude title compound as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H23FN4O5, 430.2; m/z found, 431 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 8.34 (d, 1H, J=9.3 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (m, 5H), 5.5-5.7 (m, 1H), 4.61 (s, 2H), 4.52 (s, 2H), 3.86 (q, 2H, J=7.3 Hz), 1.50 (d, 6H, J=5.9 Hz), 1.36 (t, 4H, J=7.1 Hz).
Isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinate (Intermediate 20, Step A, 150 mg, 0.317 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (3 mL) and Pd—C (30% on carbon, 30 mg) was added. The reaction was stirred at rt under a atmosphere of hydrogen gas for 1.5 hr. The reaction was filtered and concentrated and yielded the title compound, which was used without further purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H23FN4O5, 382.2; m/z found, 383 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d, 400 MHz) δ 8.03 (d, 1H, J=9.3 Hz), 5.3-5.4 (m, 1H), 5.2-5.3 (m, 1H), 4.66 (s, 2H), 3.89 (q, 2H, J=7.3 Hz), 1.3-1.4 (m, 15H)
Step A: 2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoronicotinoyl chloride. To a solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinic acid (20 g, 95.24 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (200 mL) was added (COCl)2 (12.69 g, 100.00 mmol, 8.75 mL) and dimethylformamide (DMF) (69.62 mg, 952.43 μmol, 73.28 μL) at 0° C. dropwise. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min, then warmed to 25° C., and stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford desired product (21.7 g, crude) as a colorless oil, which was used crude in the next step without further purification.
Step B: Isopropyl 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinate. To a mixture of propan-2-ol (8.56 g, 142.49 mmol, 10.91 mL) and pyridine (9.02 g, 113.99 mmol, 9.20 mL) in THF (200 mL) was added 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinoyl chloride (21.7 g, 95.2 mmol) in THF (50 mL) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 1 h. The mixture was poured into water (300 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) (300 mL). The combined organic phase was dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether (PE)/Ethyl acetate=1/1 to 10:1) to afford the title compound (21 g, 87% yield, 99% purity). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C9H8Cl2FNO2, 250.1; m/z found, 252.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.975-7.957 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 5.321-5.259 (m, 1H), 1.587-1.395 (m, 6H).
Step C: Isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-chloro-5-fluoronicotinate. To a mixture of isopropyl 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinate (3 g, 11.90 mmol) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) (30 mL) was added 3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one (2.92 g, 12.50 mmol) and K2CO3 (2.47 g, 17.85 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours. The mixture was diluted with H2O (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (60 mL*3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Petroleum ether/Ethyl acetate=1/0 to 1:1) to afford the title compound (4 g, 75% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22ClFN4O4, 448.1; m/z found, 449.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.02-8.00 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.29-7.18 (m, 5H), 5.23-5.20 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.45 (d, J=27.7 Hz, 4H), 3.78-3.73 (m, 2H), 1.33-1.32 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H), 1.273-1.237 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
Step D: (S)-Isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. To a solution of (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol (55.91 mg, 490.11 μmol, 51.16 μL) in THF (1.5 mL) was added potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (KHMDS) (1 M, 534.67 μL) at −10° C. under N2. The mixture was stirred at −10° C. for 30 min, then isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-chloro-5-fluoronicotinate (200 mg, 445.56 μmol) in THF (0.5 mL) was added to the mixture at −10° C., then stirred at −10° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was poured into 1N HCl (10 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (15 mL*2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (15 mL*2), dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (1000 mesh silica gel, Petroleum ether/Ethyl acetate=15/1, 3/1) to afford the title compound (80 mg, 34% yield) as yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C24H26F4N4O5, 526.2; m/z found, 527.3.
Step E: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. To a solution of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline (49.77 mg, 341.89 μmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (2 mL) was added dropwise trimethylaluminium (AlMe3) (2 M, 341.89 μL) at 25° C. for 0.5 hour, then added solution of (S)-isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (90 mg, 170.95 μmol) in DCM (1 mL), The resulting mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 12 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O (15 mL) and extracted with DCM (20 mL*3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (20 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (SiO2, PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford the title compound (57 mg, 53% yield, 97.9% purity) as a yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C27H23ClF5N5O4, 611.1; m/z found, 612.2.
Step F: (S)-N-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. A mixture of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (20 mg, 32.68 μmol), Pd/C (2 mg, 10% purity) and HCl (12 M, 2.04 μL, 0) in EtOH (2 mL) was degassed and purged with H2 for 3 times. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 12 hr under H2 atmosphere (15 psi). The reaction mixture was filtered. Another batch of Pd/C (2 mg, 10% purity) was added into the filtrate. The resulting mixture was stirred under H2 atmosphere (15 psi) at 25° C. for another 32 hr. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method A) to afford the title compound (7.32 mg, 43% yield, 99.7% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H17ClF5N5O4, 521.1; m/z found, 522.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.115 (s, 1H), 8.578-8.554 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.298-7.236 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 1H), 5.97 (m, 1H), 4.712-4.697 (d, J=6 Hz, 2H), 3.951-3.851 (m, 2H), 2.090 (s, 1H), 1.695-1.678 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.458-1.422 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Steps E and F, except using 2-fluoroaniline instead of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline in Step E. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H18F5N5O4, 487.1; m/z found 488.1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.89-9.79 (m, 1H), 8.64-8.47 (m, 2H), 7.23-7.11 (m, 3H), 6.08-5.96 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.97-3.87 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.66 (m, 3H), 1.46-1.42 (m, 3H).
To a solution of (S)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (Example 1, 110 mg, 0.21 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (3.5 mL) was added dropwise diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) (0.14 mL, 1.05 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature (RT, rt) for 12 h and quenched with sat aq. NaHCO3 (20 mL), extracted with DCM (30 mL), dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (35-50% EtOAc/Heptane) to afford the title compound (18 mg, 16% yield) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H16ClF6N5O3, 523.1; m/z found, 524 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.12 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (m, 2H), 7.14 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (m, 1H), 5.44 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 1H), 5.32 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 1H), 3.91 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.44 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
Step A: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-chloropyridin-3-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. To a solution of 3-amino-2-chloropyridine (146.26 mg, 1138 μmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (2 mL) was added dropwise trimethylaluminum (AlMe3) (2 M, 950 μL) at 0° C., then added solution of (S)-isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 1, product from Step D, 200 mg, 380 μmol) in DCM (1 mL), The resulting mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 12 hr. The reaction mixture was quenched with MeOH (1 mL) and diluted with DCM (30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (20 mL*3), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a yellow solid and used without purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C27H23ClF5N5O4, 594.9; m/z found, 595.
Step B: (S)-N-(2-Chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. A mixture of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-chloropyridin-3-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (68 mg, 114 μmol) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (3 mL, 0.6 mmol) was stirred at 70° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method F) to afford the title compound (20 mg, 35% yield) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H17ClF4N6O4, 504.8; m/z found, 505 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.84 (s, 1H), 8.87 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (dd, J=9.6, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=4.7, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (ddd, J=8.3, 4.7, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 6.17 (h, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (dd, J=6.3, 1.8 Hz, 2H), 4.00-3.85 (m, 2H), 1.70 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.54-1.35 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 4, Steps A and B, except substituting 3-amino-2-chloro-4-methylpyridine for 3-amino-2-chloropyridine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O4, 518.1; m/z found, 519 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.21 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 5.98 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
To a solution of (S)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (Example 1, 23 mg, 0.044 mmol) in benzene (2 mL) was added dropwise thionyl chloride (6.5 mL, 0.088 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 12 h and quenched with sat aq. NaHCO3 (20 mL), extracted with DCM (30 mL), dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (35-50% EtOAc/Heptane) to afford the title compound (8 mg, 33% yield, 99% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H16Cl2F5N5O3, 540.3; m/z found, 541.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.13 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.03 (m, 3H), 6.10-5.85 (m, 1H), 4.55 (s, 2H), 3.94 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.47 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Steps A to F except substituting isopropanol for (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol in Step D. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H20ClF2N5O4, 467.1; m/z found, 468 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.72 (s, 1H), 8.50 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 7.28-7.32 (m, 1H), 7.20-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.14 (dt, J=1.47, 8.80 Hz, 1H), 5.61 (td, J=6.30, 12.35 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (q, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 2.15 (t, J=6.36 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 6H), 1.42 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Steps A to F, except substituting 2,2,3,3-tetrafluorocyclobutan-1-ol for (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol in Step D. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H16ClF6N5O4, 551.1; m/z found, 574 [M+Na]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.09 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.20-7.12 (m, 1H), 5.79-5.60 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (s, 1H), 2.72 (dq, J=14.2, 6.9 Hz, 1H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Steps A to F except substituting racemic-tetrahydrofuran-3-ol for (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol in Step D. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20ClF2N5O5, 495.1; m/z found, 496 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.44 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.14 (m, 1H), 5.82-5.93 (m, 1H), 4.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 3.99-4.17 (m, 3H), 3.84-3.98 (m, 3H), 2.25-2.47 (m, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
Step A: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinic acid. To a solution of (S)-isopropyl 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (5.6 g, 10.6 mmol, Example 1, Step D) in 1,4-dioxane/H2O (1:1, 45 mL) was added LiOH (5.1 g, 212.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 16 h, after which time it was concentrated then diluted with EtOAc and water. The mixture was acidified with 1N HCl then the organics were extracted with EtOAc (3×50 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used without further purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20F4N4O5, 484.4; m/z found, 485.
Step B: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinoyl chloride. To a solution of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinic acid (300 mg, 0.62 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (0.08 mL, 1 mmol) and DMF (5 μL, 62 μmol) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h, after which time it was concentrated to provide the title compound and used without further purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H19ClF4N4O4, 502.9.
Step C: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3-chloropyridin-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. A mixture of 4-amino-3-chloropyridine (38.3 mg, 0.3 mmol), (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinoyl chloride (100 mg, 0.2 mmol), and triethylamine (55.3 μL, 398 μmol) in DCM (1 mL) was stirred at RT for 16 h, after which time it was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude reaction product was used directly in the next step without further purification.
Step D: (S)-N-(3-Chloropyridin-4-yl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3-chloropyridin-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (crude from step C) was dissolved in TFA and stirred at 70° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method F) to afford the title compound (65 mg, 65% yield, 99% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H17ClF4N6O4, 504.8; m/z found, 505 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.95 (s, 1H), 8.74-8.37 (m, 4H), 6.20 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 10, Steps A to D, except substituting 2-fluoro-5-methylaniline for 4-amino-3-chloropyridine in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20F5N5O4, 501.1; m/z found, 502 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.16 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (dd, J=10.9, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (dd, J=8.4, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (td, J=8.2, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.09 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.15 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.67 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 10, Step A to D, except substituting isothiazol-4-amine for 4-amino-3-chloropyridine in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H16F4N6O4S, 476.1; m/z found, 477 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.96 (s, 1H), 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.62-8.49 (m, 2H), 5.82 (hept, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 1H), 1.71 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 10, Step A to D, except substituting 2-(difluoromethyl)-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (Intermediate 8) for 4-amino-3-chloropyridine in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20F6N6O4, 534.1; m/z found, 535 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.37 (s, 1H), 8.50 (dd, J=30.4, 7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (t, J=54.3 Hz, 1H), 6.01 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.66 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
To a solution of (S)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-6-(3-(chloromethyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (Example 6, 30 mg, 55.5 μmol) in MeOH (0.5 mL) was added sodium methoxide solution in MeOH (0.5 M, 333 μL, 167 μmol) at RT. The reaction mixture was stirred at 65° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method F) to afford the title compound (6 mg, 20% yield, 99% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H19ClF5N5O4, 535.1; m/z found, 536 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.12 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.36-7.23 (m, 2H), 7.19-7.08 (m, 1H), 5.95 (s, 1H), 4.47 (s, 2H), 3.88 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.40 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
Step A: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(5-bromoisothiazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. To a solution of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinic acid (54 mg, 111 μmol, Example 10, Step A) in THF (0.5 mL) was added triethylamine (TEA) (77.5 μL, 557 μmol) and propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P) (50% weight solution in THF) (0.15 mL, 223 μmol) respectively. After 1 min, the activated carboxylic acid derived intermediate was added into the solution of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine (30 mg, 167 μmol) in THF (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 24 h, after which time it was concentrated then diluted with EtOAc and water. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×5 mL) and washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to provide the brown solid. The crude product was used in the next step without further purification.
Step B: (S)-N-(5-Bromoisothiazol-4-yl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. A solution of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(5-bromoisothiazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (crude from Step A) was dissolved in TFA (5.6 mL, 558 μmol) and stirred at 70° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method F) to afford the title compound (25 mg, 40.3% yield, 99% purity) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H15BrF4N6O4S, 555.3; m/z found, 555 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.50 (s, 1H), 9.29 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.12 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.21 (s, 1H), 1.71 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloropyridazin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H16ClF4N7O4, 505.1; m/z found, 506 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.02 (s, 1H), 9.06 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 8.72 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.22 (h, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (s, 2H), 3.93 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.10 (s, 1H), 1.71 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-methylisothiazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H18F4N6O4S, 490.1; m/z found, 491 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.46 (s, 1H), 9.23 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.07 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F4N6O4, 498.1; m/z found, 499 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.90 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 5.93 (hept, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.44 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloropyrazin-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H16ClF4N7O4, 505.1; m/z found, 506 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.08 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.47 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.12 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-amino-3-chloropyridin-2(1H)-one (Intermediate 1) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H17ClF4N6O5, 520.1; m/z found, 521 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=9.95 (s, 1H), 8.44 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.09-5.94 (m, 1H), 5.85 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (s, 1H), 4.49 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.58 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloro-6-methoxypyridin-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.1; m/z found, 535 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.69 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.01 (m, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 4.07-3.74 (m, 5H), 1.64 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-amino-3,5-dichloropyridin-2(1H)-one (Intermediate 2) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H16Cl2F4N6O5, 554.1; m/z found, 555 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=8.24 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 5.78 (m, 3H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.52 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 6-amino-5-chloropyridin-2(1H)-one (Intermediate 3) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H17ClF4N6O5, 520.1; m/z found, 521 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.08 (s, 1H), 8.41 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 6.33 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 6.24 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.1; m/z found, 535 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.97 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 8.06 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.19 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.28-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 5-chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H18ClF4N7O4, 507.1; m/z found, 508 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.07 (s, 1H), 8.83 (s, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.02-5.81 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-chloro-3-methylisothiazol-5-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H17ClF4N6O4S, 524.1; m/z found, 525 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.36 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 6.08 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=3.1 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.72 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-chloropyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H17ClF4N6O4, 504.1; m/z found, 505 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.66 (d, J=19.0 Hz, 2H), 8.47-8.22 (m, 2H), 7.43 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 6.16 (h, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.94 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.76-1.61 (m, 4H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15 except substituting 3-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H16ClF5N6O4, 522.1; m/z found, 523.2 [M+H]+. O5, 522.1; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.33 (s, 1H) 8.45-8.64 (m, 2H) 5.98 (s, 1H) 4.70 (br d, J=3.91 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.32-1.45 (m, 3H).
Step A: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3-cyano-5-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, Step A, except substituting 4-amino-5-fluoronicotinonitrile for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C27H22F5N7O4, 603.5; m/z found, 603 [M+H]+.
Step B: (S)-N-(3-Cyano-5-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. To a mixture of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3-cyano-5-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (60 mg, 0.0994 mmol) in methylene chloride anhydrous (DCM) (0.815 mL) was added dropwise boron trichloride (1M in methylene chloride (0.298 mL) at −78° C. under nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h. Few drops of methanol (MeOH) were to the mixture. The mixture was diluted with methylene chloride (DCM) and water. The aqueous phase was extracted with methylene chloride (DCM). The combined organic phase was dried with anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by column chromatography (Isco, 4 g silica column, mobile phase Gradient from 100% heptane to 70% heptane, 30% ethyl acetate) to afford desired product (18 mg, yield 35%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H16F5N7O4, 513.4; m/z found, 513.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.47 (s, 1H) 8.58 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 7.55 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H) 7.36-7.49 (m, 2H) 5.95 (s, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.80-3.99 (m, 2H) 1.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloro-5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine (Intermediate 4) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H18ClF5N6O5, 552.1; m/z found, 553 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.33 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 5.98 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-bromo-3-methylisothiazol-5-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H17BrF4N6O4S, 568; m/z found, 569.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.34 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 6.16 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.12 (s, 1H), 1.74 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 5-methylthiazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H18F4N6O4S, 490.1; m/z found, 491 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.31 (s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.89 (m, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 3.91 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.65 (s, 1H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 1.75-1.61 (m, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 5-chloro-2-methoxy-pyridin-3-ylamine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.1; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.91 (s, 1H) 8.88 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H) 8.53 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 7.87 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H) 6.06 (s, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 4.05 (s, 3H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 1.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 3-methoxypyrazin-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H16F5N7O4, 501.14; m/z found, 502.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 10.13 (s, 1H) 8.58 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 8.01-8.15 (m, 1H) 7.88 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H) 5.95-6.13 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 4.08 (s, 3H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 2.21 (t, J=6.60 Hz, 1H) 1.68 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3,5-dimethylisothiazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H20F4N6O4S, 504; m/z found, 505 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.83 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 5.91 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O4, 502.1; m/z found, 503 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.82 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 8.77 (dd, J=9.5, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 6.03 (hept, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 5-fluoro-2-methylpyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O4, 502.1; m/z found, 503 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.95 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.48-8.20 (m, 2H), 6.02 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.93 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidin-5-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H18ClF4N7O4, 519.1; m/z found, 502 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.17 (s, 1H), 8.49 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 5.92 (h, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O4, 502.1; m/z found, 503 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.69 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (t, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (dd, J=8.3, 3.4 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloro-2-methoxy-5-methylpyridin-4-amine (Intermediate 5) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O5, 548.1; m/z found, 549 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.26 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 6.04-5.95 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.92 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 2-methoxy-5-methylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F4N6O5, 514.16; m/z found, 515.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.89 (s, 1H) 8.66 (d, J=1.96 Hz, 1H) 8.54 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 7.65-7.80 (m, 1H) 6.00-6.14 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 4.03 (s, 3H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 2.30 (s, 3H) 1.68 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 2-fluoro-4-methyl-3-pyridinamine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O4, 502.14; m/z found, 503.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.03 (s, 1H) 8.53 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 8.03 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H) 7.13 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H) 5.85-5.97 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (q, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 2.36 (s, 3H) 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 5,6-dimethyl-4-pyrimidine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H21F4N7O4, 499.16; m/z found, 500.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.48 (s, 1H) 8.83 (s, 1H) 8.54 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 5.87-6.05 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 2.58 (s, 3H) 2.23 (s, 3H) 1.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 2-chloro-4-methoxypyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.10; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.00 (s, 1H) 8.54 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 8.27 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H) 6.90 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H) 5.92 (s, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.94 (s, 3H) 3.89-3.93 (m, 2H) 1.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-methylisoxazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H18F4N6O5, 474.1; m/z found, 475 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.17 (s, 1H), 9.08 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 2.25 (s, 1H), 1.69 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H20F4N6O5, 488.1; m/z found, 489 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.64 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.18 (s, 1H), 1.69 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-fluoro-5-methoxyaniline for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20F5N5O5, 517.1; m/z found, 518 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.85 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=6.4, 3.1 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (dd, J=10.4, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (dt, J=9.0, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 6.02 (hept, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.16 (s, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-chloro-5-methylaniline for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20ClF4N5O4, 517.1; m/z found, 518 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.73 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (dd, J=8.1, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.14 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.77-4.62 (m, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 2.24 (d, J=15.7 Hz, 1H), 1.67 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H21F4N7O4, 487.2; m/z found, 488 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.68 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (h, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.22 (s, 6H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 4-chloro-6-methyoxypyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.10; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.48 (s, 1H) 9.10 (s, 1H) 8.56 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 6.89 (s, 1H) 6.08 (dt, J=13.21, 6.60 Hz, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 2H) 3.96 (s, 3H) 3.92 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 2H) 1.67 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 2,5-dimethylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C21H22F4N6O4, 498.16; m/z found, 499.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.15 (s, 1H) 8.57 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 8.20 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 6.07 (s, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (q, J=7.17 Hz, 2H) 2.54 (s, 3H) 2.36 (s, 3H) 1.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.44 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 3-amino-5-chloropicoline for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O4, 518.11; m/z found, 519.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.21 (s, 1H) 8.51-8.70 (m, 2H) 8.31 (d, J=1.96 Hz, 1H) 6.00-6.20 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 2.56 (s, 3H) 1.69 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H) 1.44 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C21H22F4N6O5, 514.16; m/z found, 515.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.28 (s, 1H) 8.50 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 7.12 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H) 6.13 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H) 5.93 (quin, J=6.48 Hz, 1H) 4.69 (s, 2H) 3.91 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 3.57 (s, 3H) 2.18-2.18 (m, 1H) 2.19 (s, 3H) 1.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.42 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloropyridin-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H17ClF4N6O4, 504.1; m/z found, 505 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.93 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (dd, J=8.0, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 6.06 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.33 (s, 1H), 1.66 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 1,3,5-trimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H23F4N7O4, 501.2; m/z found, 502 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.65 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 2.18 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 6H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-fluoro-6-methoxypyridin-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O5, 518.1; m/z found, 519 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.60 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (t, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J=8.8, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 5.90 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.03-3.83 (m, 5H), 2.13 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H19F4N7O4, 473.1; m/z found, 474 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.14 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 5.96 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H19F4N7O5, 489.1; m/z found, 490 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.44 (s, 1H), 8.91 (s, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 5.98-5.83 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 4.02 (s, 3H), 3.91 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-isopropyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (Intermediate 6) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H25F4N7O4, 515.2; m/z found, 516 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.27 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (s, 1H), 5.96 (m, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 3.01-2.87 (m, 1H), 2.80 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 6H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 5-chloro-6-methylpyrimidin-4-amine, for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H18ClF4N7O4, 519.10; m/z found, 520.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.08 (s, 1H) 8.88 (s, 1H) 8.56 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 6.02-6.22 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 2.67 (s, 3H) 1.68 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-(methoxymethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H23F4N7O5, 517.2; m/z found, 518 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.58 (s, 1H), 8.49 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 6.09 (hept, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (dd, J=8.1, 4.8 Hz, 3H), 4.53 (d, J=12.9 Hz, 1H), 4.02-3.78 (m, 5H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 3.23 (s, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-cyclopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H21F4N7O4, 499.1; m/z found, 500 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=12.36 (s, 1H), 9.80 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=113.0 Hz, 1H), 5.80 (td, J=12.9, 6.3 Hz, 2H), 4.49 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 2.03-1.82 (m, 1H), 1.53 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 0.81 (d, J=30.6 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H23F4N7O5, 517.2; m/z found, 518 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=10.41 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 5.84 (s, 1H), 5.72 (m, 1H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 4.25 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.67 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 2H), 3.24 (s, 3H), 1.51 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 6-amino-5-chloro-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (Intermediate 7) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.1; m/z found, 535 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.49 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 5.96 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.93 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O5, 518.1; m/z found, 519 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.94 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.03 (m, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 5H), 2.29 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-methoxy-5-methylpyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F4N6O5, 514.2; m/z found, 515 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.21 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.15 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 5H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.18 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.67 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-chloro-5-methylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O4, 518.1; m/z found, 519 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.78 (s, 1H), 8.70 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 6.17 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.29 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F4N6O5, 514.1; m/z found, 515 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.10 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.02-5.83 (m, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.91 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.24 (s, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2,4-dichloropyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H16Cl2F4N6Ohd 4, 538.1; m/z found, 539 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=10.52 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 5.81 (dt, J=17.0, 6.2 Hz, 2H), 4.50 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.80 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.54 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.29 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-ethoxy-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H20F5N7O5, 533.1; m/z found, 534 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d) δ=11.32 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 5.83 (t, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 5.64 (h, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (q, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.78 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.37-1.24 (m, 6H), 1.17 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O4, 502.1; m/z found, 503 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.17 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=23.2 Hz, 2H), 5.94 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 3.93 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.19 (s, 1H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O4, 532.1; m/z found, 533 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.12 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 5.96 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.16 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 1-cyclopropyl-1H-imidazol-2-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H21F4N7O4, 499.2; m/z found, 500 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=8.29 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 5.96-5.71 (m, 2H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.44 (s, 1H), 1.48 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-amino-4-chlorobenzonitrile for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H17ClF4N6O4, 528.2; m/z found, 529 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.88 (s, 1H), 8.94 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (dd, J=8.3, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.16 (hept, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.21 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 5-amino-6-chloronicotinonitrile for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H16ClF4N7O4, 529.1; m/z found, 530 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.97 (s, 1H), 9.26 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.45 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.20 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.70 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-methoxy-N4,N4-dimethylpyridine-3,4-diamine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H25F4N7O5, 543.2; m/z found, 544 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.82 (s, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 5.90 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.95 (s, 6H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 3-amino-2-chloro-6-methylpyridine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O4, 518.11; m/z found, 519.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.76 (s, 1H) 8.71 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H) 8.54 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 7.17 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H) 6.10-6.22 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 2H) 2.54 (s, 3H) 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedures of Example 15, except substituting 2-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H16ClF5N6O4, 522.08; m/z found, 523.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.90 (s, 1H) 8.72-8.92 (m, 1H) 8.53 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 8.08 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H) 6.09-6.32 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 1.70 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 4-chloro-2-methylpyridin-3-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O4, 518.1; m/z found, 519 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.10 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 6.00-5.90 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 2.31 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 3-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H18ClF4N7O4, 507.1; m/z found, 508 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.32 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 5.97 (m, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 3.91 (d, J=10.2 Hz, 5H), 2.71-2.54 (m, 1H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 2-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H17F7N6O4, 538.1; m/z found, 539 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.09 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 8.91 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 2H), 6.64 (t, J=55.3 Hz, 1H), 6.03 (hept, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.55 (s, 1H), 1.70 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 5-fluoro-2-methoxypyrimidin-4-amine for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H18F5N7O5, 519.1; m/z found, 520 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.92 (s, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.37 (s, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except substituting 6-chloro-2,3-dimethylaniline for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H22ClF4N5O4, 531.1; m/z found, 532 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.06 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (hept, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H), 3.91 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
Step A: Isopropyl 6-(4-allyl-3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-chloro-5-fluoronicotinate. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Steps A to C, except substituting 4-allyl-5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (Intermediate 9) in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H22ClFN4O4, 460.1; m/z found, 461.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.10 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 7.30-7.40 (m, 5H), 5.80-5.92 (m, 1H), 5.17-5.33 (m, 3H), 4.58 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 2H), 4.40-4.44 (m, 2H), 1.41 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 6H).
Step B: Isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. A solution of (S)-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanol (0.116 mL, 1.302 mmol) in THF (1 mL) was stirred at −10° C. under argon for 30 min. This solution was added to a solution of isopropyl 6-(4-allyl-3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-chloro-5-fluoronicotinate in THF (2.5 mL) at −78° C. which was stirred at −78° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into 1N HCl. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and evaporated in vacuum. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, Heptane 100% to Heptane 60% Ethyl acetate 40%) to afford desired product (260 mg, yield 44%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C25H26F4N4O5, 538.2; m/z found, 539.3 [M+H]+.
Step C: Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. A solution of isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 84 product from Step B, 50 mg, 0.0929 mmol) in MeOH (0.57 mL) with Pd/C (10%) as catalyst was hydrogenated at room temperature under atmospheric pressure for 2 h. The reaction mixture was filtered over Celite®. The filtrate was washed with DCM/MeOH. The solvent was evaporated until dryness to give (50 mg, quantitative yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H22F4N4O5, 450.2; m/z found, 451.2 [M+H]+.
Step D: N-(2-Chloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-fluoro-6-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Step E, except substituting 3-amino-2-chloro-4-methylpyridine for 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate for isopropyl (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O4, 532.12; m/z found, 533.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.21 (s, 1H) 8.54 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H) 7.20 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H) 5.86-6.09 (m, 1H) 4.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.74-3.93 (m, 2H) 2.34 (s, 3H) 1.78-1.93 (m, 2H) 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.03 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H16ClF5N6O4, 532.12; m/z found, 533.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.92 (s, 1H) 8.55 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H) 7.92 (s, 1H) 5.85-6.04 (m, 1H) 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 3.96 (s, 3H) 3.91 (s, 1H) 2.16 (s, 3H) 2.11 (s, 3H) 1.67 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
Step A: (S)-(1-(5-((2-Chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-3-fluoro-6-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)pyridin-2-yl)-4-isopropyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate. To a solution of N-(2-chloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-fluoro-6-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-isopropyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide (Example 89, 55 mg, 0.103 mmol), in DCM (0.4 mL) at 0° C. was added NEt3 (28.7 μL, 0.206 mmol) and methanesulfonyl chloride (8.0 μL, 0.103 mmol). The reaction was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 3 hours. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and H2O. The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue would be used crude in the next step without further purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H23ClF4N6O6S, 610.10; m/z found, 611.1 [M+H]+.
Step B: (S)-2-(5-(((2-Chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-l2-azaneyl)carbonyl)-3-fluoro-6-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)pyridin-2-yl)-5-(fluoromethyl)-4-isopropyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one. To a solution of (S)-(1-(5-((2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-3-fluoro-6-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)pyridin-2-yl)-4-isopropyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate in THF (1.1 mL) at 0° C. was added tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride (TBAF) (1.0 M in THF, 0.36 mL, 0.362 mmol). The reaction was warmed to room temperature and was subsequently heated to 50° C. for 20 mins. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, concentrated under reduced pressure and purified with flash column chromatography to provide the title compound as a white solid (6.8 mg, 12% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20ClF5N6O3, 534.12; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=5.16 Hz, 1H), 5.97 (td, J=6.42, 13.08 Hz, 1H), 5.87-6.01 (m, 1H), 5.18-5.49 (m, 1H), 4.45 (td, J=6.85, 13.69 Hz, 1H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.59-1.63 (m, 6H).
Step A: Isopropyl (S)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. A mixture of isopropyl (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 1, product from Step D, 400 mg, 0.76 mmol) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (15 mL, 0.76 mmol) was stirred at 65° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in DCM, washed with 1N NaOH and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography to afford the title compound (260 mg, 78% yield) as a tan solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H20F4N4O5, 436.1; m/z found, 437.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=1.34-1.38 (m, 6 H) 1.39-1.44 (m, 3H) 1.53-1.57 (m, 3H) 2.14 (t, J=6.60 Hz, 1H) 3.90 (q, J=7.01 Hz, 2H) 4.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H) 5.19-5.30 (m, 1H) 5.66 (m, 1H) 8.13 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H).
Step B: Isopropyl (S)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. To a mixture of Isopropyl (S)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (120 mg, 0.275 mmol) in DCM (4.4 mL) at −78° C. was added DAST (0.168 mL, 1.375 mmol). The reaction was slowly warmed to room temperature and let stir for 12 hours. The reaction was quenched with MeOH and diluted with DCM. The aqueous layer was extracted (3×) with DCM and the combined organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, eluting with a gradient of 0 to 50% ethyl acetate in heptane) to afford the title compound as a clear oil (107 mg, 0.244 mmol, 89% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H19F5N4O4, 438.1; m/z found, 439.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.14 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 5.65 (td, J=6.54, 12.84 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (s, 1H), 5.22-5.34 (m, 2H), 3.90 (q, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 1.54-1.59 (m, 5H), 1.30-1.46 (m, 10H).
Step C: N-(2-Chloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-6-[4-ethyl-3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 4, Step A, except using 3-amino-2-chloro-4-methylpyridine instead of 3-amino-2-chloropyridine. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H18ClF5N6O3, 520.10; m/z found, 521.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 7.18-7.24 (m, 1H), 5.96 (td, J=6.54, 12.84 Hz, 1H), 5.44 (s, 1H), 5.32 (s, 1H), 3.92 (q, J=7.17 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.67-1.72 (m, 3H), 1.42-1.47 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, steps A-B except substituting 3-chloro-2-methoxy-5-methylpyridin-4-amine (Intermediate 5) for 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine and 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinic acid (Intermediate 20) for isopropyl (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C28H30ClFN6O5, 584.2; m/z found, 585 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 9.91 (s, 1H), 8.48 (d, 1H, J=9.3 Hz), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.3-7.4 (m, 5H), 5.63 (m, 1H), 4.62 (s, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.8-3.9 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.51 (d, 6H, J=5.9 Hz), 1.4-1.4 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 90, except using 5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-isopropyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (Intermediate 10) in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O4, 532.12; m/z found, 533.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=1.58-1.63 (m, 6 H) 1.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H) 2.34 (s, 3H) 2.37-2.43 (m, 1H) 4.47 (dt, J=13.69, 6.85 Hz, 1H) 4.69 (s, 2H) 5.98 (dt, J=12.72, 6.36 Hz, 1H) 7.17-7.23 (m, 1H) 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H) 8.53 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 9.21 (s, 1H).
Step A: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Steps A to E, except substituting 5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (Intermediate 11) in Step C and substituting 3-amino-2-chloro-4-methylpyridine for 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline in Step E. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C27H23ClF6N6O4, 644.14; m/z found, 645.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=1.68-1.72 (m, 3H) 2.34 (s, 3H) 4.15-4.29 (m, 2H) 4.58-4.61 (m, 2H) 4.61-4.65 (m, 2H) 5.91-6.00 (m, 1H) 6.05-6.24 (m, 1H) 7.18-7.23 (m, 1H) 7.34-7.41 (m, 5H) 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H) 8.56 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) 9.20 (s, 1H).
Step B: N-(2-Chloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-6-[4-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. A mixture of (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (70 mg, 0.11 mmol) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (2.7 mL, 0.5 mmol) was stirred at 70° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method F) to afford the title compound (6 mg, 10% yield) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H17ClF6N6O4, 554.09; m/z found, 555.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 7.17-7.25 (m, 1H), 6.15 (t, J=4.16 Hz, 1H), 5.91-6.03 (m, 1H), 4.76 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 2H), 4.31 (dt, J=4.16, 13.82 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.63-1.75 (m, 4H).
Step A: Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. A solution of isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 84 product from Step B, 160 mg, 0.297 mmol) in MeOH (1.80 mL) with Pd/C (10%) (31 mg) as catalyst was hydrogenated at room temperature under atmospheric pressure for 2 h The reaction mixture was filtered over Celite®. The filtrate was washed with DCM/MeOH. The solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (82 mg, yield 82.1%) and used without purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H22F4N4O5, 450.2; m/z found, 451.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.13 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 5.56-5.77 (m, 1H), 5.12-5.33 (m, 1H), 4.67 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 2H), 3.65-3.88 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.94 (m, 3H), 1.56 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.36 (dd, J=6.11, 3.67 Hz, 7H), 1.01 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 4H).
Step B: N-(5-Chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-6-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Step E, except substituting 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-amino-1H-pyrazole for 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate for isopropyl (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (33 mg, yield 25.9%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H20ClF4N7O4, 521.1; m/z found, 522.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.83 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (s, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.67-3.93 (m, 2H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 1.77-1.93 (m, 3H), 1.66-1.70 (m, 4H), 1.03 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
Step A: Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 84, product from Step C, 220 mg, 0.488 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (7 mL, 109.287 mmol), cooled to −78° C. DAST (299.15 μL, 1.316 g/mL, 2.442 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 hr then allowed to warm to rt slowly for 3.5 hrs. The reaction mixture was quenched with MeOH and diluted in DCM and washed with brine. The organics were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (Isco-normal phase, from Heptane/Ethyl acetate=100/0 to Heptane/Ethyl acetate=40/60) to afford the title compound (210 mg, yield 95%) as colorless oil. MS (ESI): mass calcd. For C18H21F5N4O4, 452.0; m/z found, 453.1.
Step B: N-(2-Chloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-fluoro-6-[3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Step E, except substituting 3-amino-2-chloro-4-methylpyridine for 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate for isopropyl (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (24 mg, yield 40.6%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20ClF5N6O3, 534.1; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 5.89-6.04 (m, 1H), 5.43 (s, 1H), 5.31 (s, 1H), 3.70-3.91 (m, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.82-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.53-1.53 (m, 1H), 1.04 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 2,4-dimethoxypyridin-3-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F4N6O6, 530.44; m/z found, 531.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.88 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.89 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (s, 2H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.90 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 5H), 1.66 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.40 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-5-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H21F4N7O6, 531.42; m/z found, 532.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 5.79 (dt, J=25.2, 6.2 Hz, 2H), 4.49 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 6H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.54 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H16F7N7O4, 527.36; m/z found, 528.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 9.82 (s, 1H), 8.50-8.29 (m, 2H), 5.99-5.74 (m, J=9.0, 7.8 Hz, 2H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.54 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 87, except using 5-chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H17ClF5N7O3, 509.1; m/z found, 510.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.05 (br s, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.91 (quin, J=6.48 Hz, 1H), 5.27-5.49 (m, 2H), 3.91 (q, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.63-1.74 (m, 3H), 1.44 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 87, Steps A-C, except using isopropyl 6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinate (Intermediate 21) instead of isopropyl 6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate in step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H21ClF2N6O3, 466.1; m/z found, 467 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 9.84 (s, 1H), 8.49 (d, 1H, J=9.4 Hz), 8.21 (d, 1H, J=4.9 Hz), 7.20 (d, 1H, J=5.1 Hz), 5.63 (td, 1H, J=6.1, 12.2 Hz), 5.31 (s, 1H), 5.43 (d, 1H, J=46.5 Hz), 3.91 (q, 2H, J=7.0 Hz), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.52 (d, 6H, J=6.4 Hz), 1.44 (t, 3H, J=7.3 Hz).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 5-chloro-2-methoxypyridin-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.1; m/z found, 535.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.86 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 6.19 (s, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 1, Step E, except using 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-amino-1H-pyrazole instead of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 92, product from Step A) for isopropyl (S)-6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (24 mg, yield 40.6%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H19ClF5N7O3, 523.1; m/z found, 524.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.57-9.73 (m, 1H),8.83 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.81-6.00 (m, 1H), 5.42 (s, 1H), 5.31 (s, 1H), 3.70-3.90 (m, 2H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 1.76-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 3H), 1.04 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 4-amino-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H16F4N8O4, 484.12; m/z found, 485.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.55 (s, 1H), 8.40-8.26 (m, 2H), 5.79 (m, 1H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 3.79 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.55 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
Step A: Isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 87, Steps A-B, except using isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 84 product from Step B) in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H19F5N4O4, 450.13; m/z found, 451.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.15 (dd, J=7.34, 8.80 Hz, 1H), 5.85-6.02 (m, 1H), 5.66 (m, 1H), 5.20-5.38 (m, 4H), 4.39-4.54 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.59 (m, 4H), 1.34-1.39 (m, 6H).
Step B: Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. To a solution of isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (67 mg, 0.149 mmol) in THF (1.5 mL) was added 9-BBN (9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane) (0.5 M in THF, 0.446 mL, 0.223 mmol) at 0° C. Reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and was stirred for 4 hours. The reaction was quenched with 1N NaOH (2.7 mL, 2.7 mmol) and aq. H2O2 (30% solution, 0.5 mL, 4.22 mmol). The layers were separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with ether. The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Residue was purified with flash column chromatography (SiO2, eluting with a gradient of 0-60% ethyl acetate in heptane) to provide the title compound as a clear oil (70 mg, 0.09 mmol, 57% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H21F5N4O5, 468.14; m/z found, 469.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.11-8.19 (m, 1H), 5.64 (td, J=6.54, 12.84 Hz, 1H), 5.32-5.46 (m, 2H), 5.20-5.28 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.75 (m, 2H), 2.71-2.81 (m, 1H), 1.96-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.54-1.57 (m, 3H), 1.34-1.38 (m, 6H).
Step C: N-(2-Chloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-fluoro-6-[3-(fluoromethyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. To a solution of 2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (49 mg, 346 μmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (0.7 mL) was added dropwise trimethylaluminum (AlMe3) (2 M, 173 μL) at 0° C., then added solution of Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (54 mg, 115 μmol) in DCM (1 mL), The resulting mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 12 hr. The reaction mixture was quenched with MeOH (1 mL) and diluted with DCM (30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (20 mL*3), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Method F) to afford the title compound as a white solid (25 mg, 40% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20ClF5N6O4, 550.12; m/z found, 551.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 7.18-7.24 (m, 1H), 5.94 (td, J=6.36, 12.72 Hz, 1H), 5.47 (s, 1H), 5.35 (s, 1H), 4.05 (t, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (q, J=5.38 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (br t, J=6.11 Hz, 1H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 2.02 (quin, J=5.87 Hz, 2H), 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 2-chloro-4,5-dimethylpyridin-3-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O4, 532.12; m/z found, 533.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.19 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 5.97 (m, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 4-methoxy-2,6-dimethylpyridin-3-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H24F4N6O5, 528.17; m/z found, 529.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.90 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 5.90 (m, 1H), 4.67 (s, 2H), 3.93 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.66 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridin-2-amine (Intermediate 12) instead of 3-amino-2-chloropyridine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.1; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.87 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 6.68-6.85 (m, 1H), 5.94-6.20 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 3H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 1.66 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 4H), 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-chloro-4-ethoxypyridin-2-amine instead of 3-amino-2-chloropyridine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O5, 548.1; m/z found, 549.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.88 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 5.98-6.15 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 4.21 (q, J=7.01 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.17 Hz, 2H), 1.66 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.52 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 4H), 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 2-chloro-6-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (Intermediate 14) instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O5, 548.12; m/z found, 549 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.23 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 5.97 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.33 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 101, Steps A-C, except using 5-chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine for in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H19ClF5N7O4, 539.11; m/z found, 540.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.01 (br s, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.89 (td, J=6.54, 12.84 Hz, 1H), 5.47 (s, 1H), 5.35 (s, 1H), 4.04 (t, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (br d, J=4.89 Hz, 2H), 2.77 (br s, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.95-2.06 (m, 2H), 1.64-1.73 (m, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 96, Step A-B, except using isopropyl 6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-isopropoxynicotinate (Intermediate 21) instead of isopropyl 6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H20ClF2N7O3, 455.1; m/z found, 456 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 9.44 (s, 1H), 8.48 (d, 1H, J=9.8 Hz), 5.58 (td, 1H, J=6.1, 12.2 Hz), 5.43 (s, 1H), 5.31 (s, 1H), 3.91 (q, 2H, J=7.3 Hz), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.67 (br d, 1H, J=6.8 Hz), 1.52 (d, 6H, J=6.4 Hz), 1.43 (t, 3H, J=7.1 Hz).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-methoxypyridazin-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H19F4N7O5, 501.14; m/z found, 502.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 10.05 (s, 1H), 8.78 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.60-8.40 (m, 2H), 6.08 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 4.26 (s, 3H), 3.93 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.70 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 5-chloro-2-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-4-amine (Intermediate 15) instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O5, 548.12; m/z found, 549.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.61-8.48 (m, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 5.93 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 4.02-3.83 (m, 5H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.15 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.68 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.51-1.38 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H18F7N7O4, 541.13; m/z found, 542.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 10.36 (s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.74-4.64 (m, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1.65 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H15ClF7N7O4, 561.08; m/z found, 562 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.89 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (m, 1H), 4.70 (s, 2H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.66 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 6-chloro-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (Intermediate 16) instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21ClF4N6O5, 548.12; m/z found, 549.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.04 (s, 1H), 8.50 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 5.92 (m, 1H), 4.65 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.90 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.05 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.67 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 2-methoxy-4,6-dimethylpyridin-3-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H24F4N6O5, 528.17; m/z found, 529.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 5.92 (m, 1H), 4.63 (s, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.89 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.12 (s, 1H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.66 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.40 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
Step A: Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4-(2-oxoethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. A mixture of isopropyl (S)-6-(4-allyl-3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (Example 97, Step A, 200 mg, 0.44 mmol), sodium periodate (190 mg, 0.88 mmol), potassium osmate(VI) dihydrate (16.4 mg, 0.04 mmol) in a 2:1 mixture of dioxane/water (2.4 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and H2O and organic layer separated. The aqueous phase was extracted (3×) with ethyl acetate and combined organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude reaction was used in the next step without further purification.
Step B: Isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate. To a solution of isopropyl (S)-5-fluoro-6-(3-(fluoromethyl)-5-oxo-4-(2-oxoethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinate (170 mg, 0.376 mmol) in MeOH (1.5 mL) at 0° C. was added NaBH4 (36 mg, 0.94 mmol). The reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 2 hours. The reaction was quenched with NH4Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified with flash column chromatography (SiO2, eluting with a gradient 40-100% ethyl acetate in heptane) to provide the title compound as a clear oil (125 mg, 0.275 mmol). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H19F5N4O5, 454.13; m/z found, 455.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.15 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.66 (quin, J=6.48 Hz, 1H), 5.51 (s, 1H), 5.36-5.41 (m, 1H), 5.21-5.28 (m, 1H), 3.93-4.08 (m, 4H), 2.16-2.22 (m, 1H), 1.56 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.36 (dd, J=3.91, 6.36 Hz, 6H).
Step C: N-(5-Chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-6-[3-(fluoromethyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 4, Step A, except using 5-chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 3-amino-2-chloropyridine. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C18H17ClF5N7O4, 525.10; m/z found, 526.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.99 (br s, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 5.91 (td, J=6.54, 12.84 Hz, 1H), 5.53 (s, 1H), 5.41 (s, 1H), 4.03-4.07 (m, 2H), 4.00 (br s, 2H), 2.32-2.35 (m, 3H), 2.27-2.30 (m, 1H), 1.67-1.71 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 115, Steps A-C, except using 2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine in Step C. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H18ClF5N6O4, 536.10; m/z found, 537.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.20 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 1H), 5.96 (td, J=6.36, 12.72 Hz, 1H), 5.54 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 1H), 3.94-4.11 (m, 4H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.16 (t, J=4.65 Hz, 1H), 1.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 29, except using 4-amino-5-fluoro-2-methoxynicotinonitrile (Intermediate 17) instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H18F5N7O5, 543.41; m/z found, 544 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.70 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 5.97 (m, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 2H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.31 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.70 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-chloro-5-methoxypyridin-2-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.10; m/z found, 535.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.67 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.00 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 4.04-3.81 (m, 5H), 1.66 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.45-1.39 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 2,6-dimethoxyaniline instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C22H23F4N5O6, 529.19; m/z found, 530.3 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 5.89 (h, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 3.96-3.78 (m, 8H), 2.85-2.76 (m, 1H), 1.66 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 3H), 1.40 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using o-toluidine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21F4N5O4, 483.15; m/z found, 484.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.14 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.32-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.15 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.05 (hept, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.90 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.65 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 1.67 (s, 3H), 1.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-methoxy-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H21F4N7O5, 503.2; m/z found, 504.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.81 (br s, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 5.81-6.02 (m, 1H), 4.68 (br d, J=3.91 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.91 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.66 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3,5-dimethoxypyridin-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F4N6O6, 530.15; m/z found, 531.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.11 (s, 1H), 8.54 (dd, J=9.6, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 2H), 5.90 (m, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.98 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 6H), 3.92 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.66 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.46-1.39 (m, 3H).
Step A: 3-Chloro-4-nitro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole. To a solution of 3-chloro-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (150 mg, 1.017 mmol) in EtOAc (1.5 mL) were added 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid (TsOH) (9.671 mg, 0.0508 mmol) and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran [DHP] (139.149 μL, 0.922 g/mL, 1.525 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred at rt overnight. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of water+K2CO3 solid, then washed with brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Isco-normal phase, from Heptane/Ethyl acetate=100/0 to Heptane/Ethyl acetate=40/60) to afford the title compound (220 mg, yield 93.4%) as colorless oil. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.41 (s, 1H), 5.35 (dd, J=8.80, 2.45 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (br d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (ddd, J=11.74, 7.58, 4.65 Hz, 1H), 2.13-2.30 (m, 1H), 1.88-2.08 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.18-1.37 (m, 3H), 0.88 (t, J=6.60 Hz, 2H).
Step B: 3,5-Dichloro-4-nitro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole. To a solution of 3-chloro-4-nitro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (145 mg, 0.626 mmol) in THF (1.1 mL) was added LiHMDS (529.672 μL, 1.3 M, 0.689 mmol) at −78° C. under N2. The reaction was stirred at −78° C. for 45 min and then a solution of hexachloroethane (444.5 mg, 1.878 mmol) in THF (1 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at rt overnight. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of an aqueous saturated NH4Cl solution, then washed with brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Isco-normal phase, from Heptane/Ethyl acetate=100/0 to Heptane/Ethyl acetate=40/60) to afford the title compound (48 mg, 28.8%).
Step C: 3,5-Dichloro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine. A solution of 3,5-dichloro-4-nitro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (40 mg, 0.15 mmol), iron (41.977 mg, 0.752 mmol), NH4Cl (40.206 mg, 0.752 mmol) in MeOH (0.4 mL), THF (0.4 mL) and water, distilled (0.4 mL) was stirred at 70° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite and washed with EtOAc. The filtrate was washed with NaHCO3 aq. and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (35 mg, yield 64.1%) and used without purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C8H11Cl2N3O, 235.0; m/z found, 236.1.
Step D: 6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3,5-dichloro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-(((S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3,5-dichloro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C29H29Cl2F4N7O5, 701.1; m/z found, 702.0 [M+H]+.
Step E: (S)-6-(3-((Benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3,5-dichloro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. A solution of 6-(3-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(3,5-dichloro-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-fluoro-2-(((S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (42 mg, 0.0598 mmol) in HCl (4M in dioxane) (298.936 μL, 4 M, 1.196 mmol) and DCM (500 μL, 7.806 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 3 hrs and at rt overnight. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of water, then washed with brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (55 mg, quantitative yield) and used without purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C24H21Cl2F4N7O4, 617.1; m/z found, 618.2.
Step F: N-(3,5-Dichloro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-6-[4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide. The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3,5-dichloro-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C17H15Cl2F4N7O4, 527.1; m/z found, 528.0 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=8.78 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.85-5.97 (m, 1H), 4.70 (br s, 2H), 3.92 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 4H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 3-(difluoromethyl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine instead of 5-bromoisothiazol-4-amine in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H19F6N7O4, 523.14; m/z found, 524.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.50 (dd, J=9.5, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (t, J=54.6 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (hept, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.27 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 3H), 1.64 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.54-1.38 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 4, Steps A and B, except using 4-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-amine (Intermediate 18) in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19F5N6O5, 518.13; m/z found, 519.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=ppm 9.06 (s, 1H), 8.51-8.57 (m, 1H), 8.00-8.08 (m, 1H), 6.79-6.86 (m, 1H), 5.88-5.97 (m, 1H), 4.66-4.71 (m, 2H), 3.99-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.88-3.96 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.40 (m, 1H), 1.67-1.71 (m, 3H), 1.40-1.47 (m, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 15, except using 4-chloro-2-methoxypyridin-3-amine (Intermediate 19) in Step A. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H19ClF4N6O5, 534.10; m/z found, 535.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=9.06 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (td, J=6.24, 12.96 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.86-3.97 (m, 2H), 2.25 (t, J=6.60 Hz, 1H), 1.66-1.70 (m, 3H), 1.40-1.46 (m, 3H).
Step A: (S)-4-Ethyl-1-(3-fluoro-5-((3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)carbamoyl)-6-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)pyridin-2-yl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid. To a solution of (S)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-N-(3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (Example 111, 157 mg, 0.29 mmol) in acetone (2.0 mL) was added potassium permanganate (229.1 mg, 1.45 mmol) at 0° C. Reaction was warmed to room temperature and let stir for 30 mins. Following completion, reaction is cooled to 0° C. and quenched with 10% aqueous solution of Na2S2O3. Reaction was filtered through Celite®. H2O was added to the filtrate and was subsequently extracted (2×) with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the tile compound as a white solid (121 mg, 0.22 mmol, 75% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H16F7N7O5, 555.1; m/z found, 556.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ=8.25 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 6.02 (td, J=6.72, 12.96 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (q, J=6.85 Hz, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.60 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.33-1.38 (m, 3H).
Step B: (S)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-N-(3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. To a solution of (S)-4-ethyl-1-(3-fluoro-5-((3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)carbamoyl)-6-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)pyridin-2-yl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid in DCM (1.5 mL) was added N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (18.8 mg, 0.19 mmol), DIPEA (0.08 mL, 0.481 mmol), and HATU (73 mg, 0.19 mmol) and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction was diluted in DCM and H2O and the layers were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted (3×) with DCM and the combined organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO2, eluting in 0-80% ethyl acetate in heptane) to provide the title compound as a clear oil (78 mg, 0.13 mmol, 81% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21F7N8O5, 598.15; m/z found, 599.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.78 (br s, 1H), 8.94 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (td, J=6.54, 12.84 Hz, 1H), 3.93-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.30-3.52 (m, 3H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 1.66 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.39 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 3H).
Step C: (S)-6-(3-Acetyl-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-N-(3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide. To a solution of (S)-6-(4-ethyl-3-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-N-(3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (55 mg, 0.09 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) at −78° C. was added methylmagnesium bromide (3M solution, 0.034 mL, 0.101 mmol), dropwise. Reaction stirred at −78° C. for one hour, then was warmed to room temperature. The reaction was quenched with NH4Cl and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification with flash column chromatography (SiO2, eluting with a gradient of 0-50 ethyl acetate in heptane) provided the title compound (30 mg, 0.054 mmol, 59% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H18F7N7O4, 553.13; m/z found, 554.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.97 (br s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.93 (td, J=6.36, 12.72 Hz, 1H), 4.18 (q, J=6.85 Hz, 2H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 1.65-1.69 (m, 3H), 1.37 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
Step D: (Racemic)-6-[4-Ethyl-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-N-[3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy)pyridine-3-carboxamide. To a solution of (S)-6-(3-acetyl-4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-N-(3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (28 mg, 0.051 mmol) in MeOH (0.25 mL) at 0° C. was added NaBH4 (3.8 mg, 0.10 mmol). The reaction was warmed to room temperature and stirred at for 5 minutes. The reaction was concentrated, and the residue was taken up in DCM, washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by reverse phase chromatography (Phenomenex Gemini-NX, C18, 150×30 mm, 5 um; 30 mL/min; Buffer A: 20 mM NH4OH/water Buffer B: MeCN; gradient: 20% B for 2 min then linear gradient to 1000% B over 10 min) provided the title compound as a white solid (20 mg, 0.036 mmol, 71% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C20H20F7N7O4, 555.15; m/z found, 556.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.79 (br s, 1H), 8.94 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=9.78 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (td, J=6.36, 12.72 Hz, 1H), 4.89 (br t, J=6.36 Hz, 1H), 3.95 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.40 (m, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.70 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 1.64 (s, 3H), 1.42 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 3H).
The title compound was prepared according to the representative procedure of Example 101, Step D, substituting 6-(4-ethyl-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-fluoro-N-(3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(((S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)nicotinamide (Example 127, product from Step C). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H22F7N7O4, 569.16; m/z found, 570.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=10.37 (br s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.50 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (m, 1H), 4.09 (q, J=7.34 Hz, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 1H), 1.69-1.74 (m, 6H), 1.65-1.67 (m, 3H), 1.40-1.45 (m, 3H).
Examples 129-131 may be prepared according to the procedures as described below.
The title compound may be prepared by treating 6-[4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-N-[3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide (Example 111) with Pd—C in methanol for 24 hrs.
The title compound may be prepared in a manner analogous to N-(4-chloro-2-methoxy-3-pyridyl)-6-[4-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide (Example 127), using 5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one instead of 5-((benzyloxy)methyl-4-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one.
The title compound may be prepared in a manner analogous to 6-[4-ethyl-3-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-5-fluoro-N-[3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethoxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide (Example 128), using 5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one instead of 5-((benzyloxy)methyl)-4-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one.
DHODH inhibitory activities of the compounds of Examples 1-128 were assessed using the following assays. The half maximal effective concentration values (EC50) are summarized in Table 2.
To detect DHODH enzyme activities, dichloroindophenol (DCIP) is added as the final electron acceptor in the assay. DCIP can accept electrons from the reduced coenzyme Q generated in the assay, or from dihydroorotate (DHO) via FMN by binding presumably to the ubiquinone pocket. DCIP solutions are blue, with an intense absorbance around 600 nm, but becomes colorless upon reduction (J. Biol. Chem. (1986) 261, 11386). The assay buffer contained 50 nM HEPES, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM EDTA, and 0.1% Triton X-100 in MilliQ water. Substrate consisting of 20 mM DHO, 5 mM CoQ6, and 1 mM DCIP in assay buffer, initiates the reaction. The assay is run in end-point mode by quenching the reaction with the potent DHODH inhibitor brequinar. Absorbance measurements were obtained using the BMG Phera Star plate-reading spectrophotomer. Purified human DHODH was purchased from Proteros (cat. No. PR-0044). Chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Teknova, and Avanti Polar Lipids. Liquid handling was performed using Labcyte Echo and Formulatrix Tempest.
MOLM-13 cells were obtained from DSMZ and were maintained in RPMI 1640+Glutamax+25 mM HEPES (Invitrogen, catalog number 72400) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Invitrogen, catalog number 16140). The day prior to assay set-up, cells were pelleted, resuspended in fresh media, counted, and cells were plated at 0.4×106 cell/mL in a T150 flask. On the day of the assay, cells were pelleted, resuspend in fresh media, counted and seeded at 5,000 cells/well in white opaque 96-well tissue culture treated microplates (Perkin Elmer, catalog number 6005680). Cells were exposed to different concentrations of test compounds at 37° C., 5% CO2 for 72 hours immediately after seeding. Cell viability was acquired on a Perkin Elmer Envision 2104 multilabel reader using the CellTiter-Glo assay (Promega) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/791,057, filed Jan. 11, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/859,851, filed Jun. 11, 2019, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein, in their entireties and for all purposes.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2020/050180 | 1/10/2020 | WO | 00 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62859851 | Jun 2019 | US | |
| 62791057 | Jan 2019 | US |
