Patent Grant
11926987
The present disclosure relates to dippers used in construction and mining equipment, and the like. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a dipper that is adapted for use in oilsands applications.
In many current applications, dippers are used on heavy equipment such as electric rope shovels and the like. These dippers may become worn or cracked due to the harsh environment in which they are used. Also, the digging performance for these dippers may depend on the type of material being moved.
In particular, oilsands applications are known to require maintenance on dippers due to heel wear and digging performance has proven to be less than desirable. In order to replace the dipper, the dipper must be removed from the machine with worn components being replaced. Alternatively, a whole new dipper is required. This requires undesirable extended downtime for the machine and added cost for the new dipper component(s).
Various dipper configurations are known in the art including the dipper configuration disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,809,947. The '947 patent discloses a dipper for a mining shovel that includes a back wall, a first side wall extending from the back wall, a second side wall extending from the back wall, a front wall disposed opposite the back wall and extending between the first and second side walls, and a dipper door pivotally coupled to a bottom end of the dipper. The dipper door is movable between a latched and an unlatched position relative to the dipper. The dipper door is angled relative to the front wall at an acute angle when the dipper door is in the latched position.
However, nothing in the '947 patent addresses digging performance or preventing heel wear of a dipper in abrasive environment such as an oilsands application.
Accordingly, there is a need to develop a dipper that has a better digging performance, and less heel wear than has heretofore been devised.
A dipper according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise a top wall, a first side wall extending from the top wall, a second side wall extending from the top wall, a bottom floor extending from the first side wall to the second side wall, and a dipper lip including a front shovel portion. In a midplane that is perpendicular to the top wall and the bottom floor, the front shovel portion may form an external angle with the bottom floor that is greater than 187.5 degrees.
A dipper according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise a top wall, a first side wall extending from the top wall, a second side wall extending from the top wall, and a bottom floor extending from the first side wall to the second side wall. In a midplane that is perpendicular to the top wall and the bottom floor, the bottom floor may form a first acute angle with the top wall that ranges from 5.0 degrees to 15.0 degrees such that the dipper forms a mouth that narrows toward a rear of the dipper.
A dipper lip according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise a first side wing, a second side wing, a rear attachment portion that spans from the first side wing and the second side wing, and a front shovel portion that extends from the first side wing to the second side wing. The dipper lip may define a midplane disposed between the first side wing, and the second side wing. Also, the front shovel portion may define a top shovel surface, while the rear attachment portion forms a top rear surface. The top shovel surface may form an obtuse angle with the top rear surface in the midplane.
A dipper according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise a top wall, a first side wall extending from the top wall, a second side wall extending from the top wall, a bottom floor extending from the first side wall to the second side wall, and a dipper lip including a front shovel portion, and a tip attached to the front shovel portion. In a midplane that is perpendicular to the top wall and the bottom floor, the tip may define a bisector that forms an acute angle with the top wall that ranges from 3.0 degrees to 7.0 degrees.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. In the drawings:
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. In some cases, a reference number will be indicated in this specification and the drawings will show the reference number followed by a letter for example, 100a, 100b etc. It is to be understood that the use of letters immediately after a reference number indicates that these features are similarly shaped and have similar function as is often the case when geometry is mirrored about a plane of symmetry. For ease of explanation in this specification, letters will often not be included herein but may be shown in the drawings to indicate duplications of features discussed within this written specification.
Various embodiments of the present disclosure include a dipper lip or a dipper that may use various angles to reduce heel wear and/or improve digging performance in abrasive environments such as oilsands applications.
Referring to
Tracks 104a and 104b are part of a machine undercarriage 132 coupled with carbody 102 in a conventional manner. Each of tracks 104a and 104b include a plurality of coupled together track shoes forming endless loops extending about a plurality of rotatable elements. In a typical design, an idler 134 and a drive sprocket 136 will be associated with each of tracks 104a and 104b and mounted to a track roller frame 138. A plurality of track rollers 140 may also be mounted to roller frame 138, and are associated with each of tracks 104a and 104b to support machine 100 and guide tracks 104a and 104b in desired paths, as further described herein. One or more carrier rollers 142 (or track sliders as will be discussed momentarily herein) may also be associated with each of tracks 104a and 104b to support and guide the tracks opposite rollers 140 during operation.
The unique design of tracks 104a and 104b and the overall track and undercarriage system of which they are a part are contemplated to enable machine 100 to operate in certain environments such as oilsands. While use in the machine environment of an electric roper shovel and dipper is emphasized herein, it should be understood that machine 100 might comprise a different type of machine. For instance, track-type tractors or even half-track machines are contemplated herein. Further still, machine 100 might consist of a conveyor or other type of machine wherein tracks are used for purposes other than as ground engaging elements. Also, the machine might be some type of hydraulic shovel, bulldozer, excavator, back hoe, etc.
The dipper 200 is suspended from the boom 110 by the hoist rope 128. The hoist rope 128 is wrapped over the sheave 122 and attached to the dipper 200 at a bail 144. The hoist rope 128 is anchored to the winch drum (not shown). The winch drum is driven by at least one electric motor (not shown) that incorporates a transmission unit (not shown). As the winch drum rotates, the hoist rope 128 is paid out to lower the dipper 200 or pulled in to raise the dipper 200. The dipper handle 130 is also coupled to the dipper 200. The dipper handle 130 is slidably supported in the saddle block 146, and the saddle block 146 is pivotally mounted to the boom 110 at the shipper shaft (not clearly shown). The dipper handle 130 includes a rack and tooth formation thereon that engages a drive pinion (not shown) mounted in the saddle block 146. The drive pinion is driven by an electric motor and transmission unit (not shown) to extend or retract the dipper handle 130 relative to the saddle block 146.
An electrical power source (not shown) is mounted to the carbody 102 to provide power to a hoist electric motor (not shown) for driving the hoist drum, one or more crowd electric motors (not shown) for driving the crowd transmission unit, and one or more swing electric motors (not shown) for turning the turntable 108. In some cases, one electric motor powers all of the moving components of the shovel. Each of the crowd, hoist, and swing motors is driven by its own motor controller, or is alternatively driven in response to control signals from a controller (not clearly shown).
The track chains 104a and 104b are considered to be well suited for work in hard underfoot conditions. To this end, the track chains 104a and 104b may be “high ground pressure” tracks, each having track members durable enough to support a relatively large weight of machine 100. Each of track shoe members has a footprint defined in part by front and back edges, and also defined in part by outboard edges and inboard edges. Each of track shoe members may further include a ground contact area that is equal to its footprint, or less than its footprint only to an extent that adjacent track shoes overlap one another or due to voids disposed on the bottom surface of the track shoe member. Other configurations of the track shoes and track chain assemblies are possible in other embodiments of the present disclosure.
Looking at
In a midplane 210 (may also be a plane of symmetry) that is perpendicular to the top wall 204 and the bottom floor 208, the front shovel portion 302 may form an external angle 304 (i.e., this angle is located outside of the dipper) with the bottom floor 208 that is greater than 187.5 degrees. For example, this angle may range from 189.5 degrees to 191.5 degrees (e.g., may actually be about 190.0 degrees to 191.0 degrees) in some embodiments. Providing this angle may reduce the wear on the heel 305 of the dipper. Other angular ranges are possible in other embodiments of the present disclosure.
Also, the dipper lip 300 includes a rear attachment portion 306 (so called since this part of the lip is a rear portion used to attach the lip to the dipper) that forms a first oblique angle 212 with the front shovel portion 302. Similarly, the rear attachment portion 306 of the dipper lip 300 may form a second oblique angle 214 with the bottom floor 208 of the dipper. The first oblique angle may have a slightly different value than the second oblique angle, but not necessarily so.
As best seen in
Another embodiment of the dipper 300, may be described as follows with continued reference to
More specifically, the first acute angle 216 may range from 7.5 degrees to 12.5 degrees in some embodiments of the present disclosure. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the first acute angle 216 may range from 9.0 degrees to 11.0 degrees (e.g., about 10.0 degrees). Other ranges are possible in other embodiments of the present disclosure.
As alluded to earlier herein, a rear edge 215 may be defined by the top wall 204, the first sidewall 206, and the second sidewall 206a. A dipper door 220 (see also
A front lip (e.g., a dipper lip 300) may also be attached to the dipper including a rear attachment portion 306, and a front shovel portion (e.g., see 302). The rear attachment portion 306 may form a first obtuse angle 222 (see
More particularly, the first obtuse angle 222 may range from 176.5 degrees to 178.5 degrees in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Likewise, the front shovel portion (e.g., see 302) may form a second obtuse angle 224 with the rear attachment portion 306 on the midplane 210 inside the dipper that ranges from 173.0 degrees to 177.0 degrees in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Any of these angular ranges may be different in other embodiments of the present disclosure.
Looking at
Turning now to
Such a dipper lip 300 may comprise a first side wing 310, a second side wing 310a, a rear attachment portion 306 that spans from the first side wing 310 to the second side wing 310a, and a front shovel portion (e.g., see 302) that extends from the first side wing 310 to the second side wing 310a.
The dipper lip 300 may also define a midplane 312 (may be a plane of symmetry as shown but not always) disposed between the first side wing 310, and the second side wing 310a. As best seen in
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the obtuse angle 318 may range from 173.0 degrees to 177.0 degrees. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the obtuse angle 318 may range from 174.0 degrees to 176.0 degrees (e.g., may be about 175.0 degrees).
As seen in
In
As best seen in
The first side wing 310 or the second side wing 310a may include a top wing surface 330, 330a that defines a minimum thickness 332, and an overall length measured perpendicularly to the minimum thickness 332. A ratio of the overall length 334 to the minimum thickness 332 may range from 3.3 to 5.3 in some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some cases, the overall length 334 may range from 495.3 mm to 609.6 mm. This ratio and length may provide enough of a transition between the front shovel portion and the interior of the dipper so that a digging performance improvement and a sturdy attachment are provided simultaneously.
Any of the ratios or dimensions discussed herein may be varied to be different than what has been specifically mentioned in other embodiments of the present disclosure for use in other applications.
In various embodiments of the present disclosure, the dipper lip or other components of the dipper may be made from any suitable materials, such as metal (e.g., cast iron, iron, steel, grey cast-iron, aluminum), reinforced plastic, etc. When metal such as iron or manganese steel is employed, the dipper lip or other component may be cast and machined to final dimensional tolerances.
It should be noted that the description of the dipper lip or other component may omit small blends, fillets, chamfers, etc. When the description of these features is omitted, their presence is to be ignored when interpreting this specification including the claims.
Again, for any of the embodiments discussed herein, the values of dimensions, angles, and ratios may be varied to be different than anything shown or described herein. Also, various features may be modified in configuration or omitted in various embodiments of the present disclosure, etc. Materials of the various components may also be varied as needed or desired to be different.
In practice, a dipper lip, a dipper, and/or any component thereof may be sold, manufactured, bought etc. and in the aftermarket or original equipment scenarios according to any of the embodiments discussed herein. That is to say, the machine may be sold with the dipper, and/or dipper lip, etc. according to embodiments described herein or the machine may be retrofitted, repaired, or refurbished to use any of the embodiments discussed herein. Similarly, any dipper may be retrofit or repaired using a dipper lip according to any embodiment of the present disclosure.
The inventors of the present disclosure have discovered that the embodiments disclosed herein allow the tips or teeth to be rotated up 11° to provide a better the digging performance as compared to previous designs. Also, the back of the lip was rotated up 10° to provide heel wear protection. With the new lip geometry, increased dig performance and virtually no heel wear are expected.
As shown in
These design parameters may be critical for obtaining the desired oilsands digging performance and dipper longevity.
While the arrangement is illustrated in connection with an electric rope shovel, the arrangement disclosed herein has universal applicability in various other types of machines commonly employ track systems, as opposed to wheels. The term “machine” may refer to any machine that performs some type of operation associated with an industry such as mining or construction, or any other industry known in the art. For example, the machine may be an excavator, wheel loader, cable shovel, or dragline or the like. Moreover, one or more implements may be connected to the machine. Such implements may be utilized for a variety of tasks, including, for example, lifting and loading.
For any of the embodiments discussed herein, the dipper lip or dipper may be modified to be used on other implements for other machines including other types of buckets.
As used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the term “one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has”, “have”, “having”, “with” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the apparatus and methods of assembly as discussed herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention(s). Other embodiments of this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the various embodiments disclosed herein. For example, some of the equipment may be constructed and function differently than what has been described herein and certain steps of any method may be omitted, performed in an order that is different than what has been specifically mentioned or in some cases performed simultaneously or in sub-steps. Furthermore, variations or modifications to certain aspects or features of various embodiments may be made to create further embodiments and features and aspects of various embodiments may be added to or substituted for other features or aspects of other embodiments in order to provide still further embodiments.
Accordingly, it is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention(s) being indicated by the following claims and their equivalents.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220412042 A1 | Dec 2022 | US |
