Patent Application
20240365765
This application claims priority from EP Patent Application No. EP23382417, filed May 5, 2023. The disclosures of both applications are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates to a device capable of containing and dispensing an attractant for fruit flies, particularly for attracting Drosophila suzukii, and to a trap for capturing and eliminating such insects using the mentioned device.
Fruit flies, which belong to the order Diptera, are known to damage ripe fruits, such as blueberries, cherries, mango, kiwi, etc. Among dipterous insects, Drosophila is detrimental to the fruit ripening period and, due to the growth of organic and integrated pest management (IPM) crops which require pest control techniques that, above all, avoid fumigating farms with chemical agents, it has been necessary to implement safe methods for pest prevention, control, and treatment.
To avoid fumigation, the use of attractants alone or in combination with traps or mass trapping techniques where insects are attracted by means of an attractant to a trapping chamber or confinement chamber of a closed trap has been widely used. Once the insects are inside the confinement chamber, it is difficult for them to find their way out. Traps usually have an insecticide added to the inner area thereof to kill the insects once they have entered the trapping chamber.
With respect to devices capable of diffusing into the air a volatile substance such as, for example, an attractant, US patent document U.S. Pat. No. 5,242,111 discloses a liquid dispenser consisting of a sealed flexible bag containing an active liquid, a wick, and an emanator connected with the wick, wherein the emanator diffuses the active liquid and the wick is enveloped by an impermeable tubular element which is open at each end. The active liquid supply inside the bag is kept isolated from the wick prior to use by means of a containment element such that upon removal of the containment member, the active liquid can come into contact with the wick, with the wick conveying the active liquid to the emanator for slow dispersion. The bag gradually collapses inward as the active liquid supply is depleted, obviating the need for a vent. The liquid dispensing device could be used as an air freshener, diffusing a volatile scent-producing liquid into the atmosphere. The device could also be adapted to dispense pharmaceuticals transdermally. In another modification, the device could be used to dispense vegetative nutrients to cultivated soil or into the water of hydroponic vegetation.
In the device described in the aforementioned patent, the wick is intended to be in contact with the volatile substance at all times, so that once the containment element has been removed, the substance diffuses outward until it is completely consumed. In that sense, the mentioned device does not have a way to deactivate the diffusion, which results in a clear drawback, insofar as under certain circumstances it may be convenient to interrupt the diffusion.
On the other hand, alternative devices designed to volatilize a liquid substance into the environment through a wick seem to work adequately when the temperature and atmospheric pressure are stable and certain values of room temperature are not exceeded. However, a problem arises when such devices are located in a farm which is subjected to constant changes in temperature or atmospheric pressure that in turn can generate pressure changes inside the receptacle containing the substance and/or changes in the vapor pressure of the stored liquid composition which ultimately hinders or prevents the diffusion of the liquid to the outside, so that the effectiveness of the device decreases in use or the device stops working altogether.
Likewise and associated with the described problem, depending on the composition of the liquid used for diffusion, it is possible that a part of the composition evaporates and is not diffused, while the remaining part does, such that the composition does not act in its entirety when diffused to the outside. Therefore, the effectiveness of the use thereof cannot be guaranteed, nor can the expected duration of use.
Therefore, an attractant composition for attracting insects, particularly dipterous insects, arranged in the field in a device such as the one above or the like will not satisfactorily perform the functions for which it has been conceived.
There is therefore a need to provide new devices containing attractant compositions and traps associated with the devices which are capable of overcoming the drawbacks that have been described, while maintaining the effectiveness in attracting and capturing dipterous insects at the same time.
The present invention comprises a container configured to contain an attractant composition in liquid state, the container being provided with an upper opening and a lower opening arranged in a base of the container, wherein the lower opening is closed by a cover which is coupled to the base in a releasable or permanent manner, wherein the container and the cover are impermeable to the attractant.
The device also comprises a wick coupleable to the base in connection with the lower opening, the wick being configured to diffuse the attractant composition by capillarity. “In connection” means that a portion of the wick is exposed to the lower opening, such that the attractant composition comes into contact with the wick through the lower opening.
It is important to point out that the cover is coupled to the base such that it seals the lower opening, fixing at least one segment of the wick including the portion thereof which is in connection with the lower opening, with at least one free end of the wick being exposed, i.e., without being fixed to the cover. It should also be pointed out that the cover secures or fixes the segment of the wick in such a way that does not prevent diffusion, but rather ensures that the diffusion of the attractant composition is only carried out through the wick, i.e., that there is no leakage through the lower opening when the composition diffuses by capillarity from the container to the free end of the wick where it evaporates completely.
The device further comprises a cap coupled in a leak-tight manner to the upper opening of the container, closing the upper opening, wherein the cap is also impermeable to the attractant. The main function of the cap, i.e., the main function for which it is configured, consists of balancing the pressure inside the device (receptacle closed by the cap) with the atmospheric pressure outside the device, such that the attractant solution is dispensed continuously in a controlled manner until it is completely depleted, regardless of the variations in atmospheric conditions.
In subsequent paragraphs, reference to the “device” shall be understood to mean the receptacle closed by the cap and the cover arranged in the base sealing the lower opening, fixing the wick, with the free end of the wick being the only means for the diffusion of the attractant composition.
Changes in the pressure inside the device can be due to changes in room temperature outside the device, for example, changes that can occur when the device is arranged in the crop field and exposed to the atmospheric conditions typical of such a location. Therefore, slight modifications in the temperature or pressure outside the device can cause changes, for example, at the phase level as a function of the vapor pressure of the attractant solution which can increase or reduce the pressure of the gas confined inside the device.
An increase in pressure will cause the gas inside the device to expand, so and in order to balance the pressure inside the device with the outside, the cap swells to balance the excess pressure. In contrast, when the pressure inside the device is less than the outside, the cap collapses to balance the negative pressure.
In any case and as mentioned in the preceding lines, the function of the cap is to balance the pressure of the gas of the attractant solution (vapor) and/or air confined inside the device with the pressure outside the device, such that diffusion through the wick is performed constantly until the attractant solution is depleted.
Another advantage of balancing pressures by means of the described teachings is that the attractant solution is dispensed/diffused at the indicated concentration thereof. As is known, an attractant solution/composition comprises at least one solute and a solvent at an indicated concentration for performing the functions of attracting the target dipterous insect. However, both the solute and the solvent can have different vapor saturation pressures which may cause, in changing pressure situations, at least a part of the solution with higher vapor pressure to evaporate, while the other to be in liquid state. Diffusion under these conditions will cause the diffusion of only a part of the attractant composition, so the effectiveness of the attractant decreases or becomes insignificant.
Therefore, advantageously, in the device of the present invention, by balancing pressures by means of the cap, the attractant composition maintains its indicated concentration and is diffused in a controlled manner through the wick at the indicated concentration, maintaining its effectiveness until it is depleted.
In addition to the foregoing, when the container contains the attractant composition, the attracting device is configured to be arranged between two positions, i.e., an activated position for diffusing the attractant composition through the wick and a deactivated position in which the attractant composition is not diffused through the wick.
Therefore, in order to be able to be in such activated or deactivated positions, the device is invertible such that, in the deactivated position, the attractant composition is not in contact with the wick, with the attractant composition being deposited or moved towards the cap, and in the activated position, the device is tipped such that the attractant composition comes into contact with the wick, such that the attractant composition is oriented or deposited towards the base and the cover.
Likewise, in any embodiment of the invention, the container is rigid, while the cap is flexible, to enable performing the described functions.
In an alternative embodiment, wherein the material of the container is selected from a list consisting of a polymer material impermeable to the attractant composition, wherein the material is selected from the list consisting of polyethylene, high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene, copolymers of polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(styrene-acrylonitrile), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and mixtures thereof.
In that sense, in alternative embodiments, the cap is coupled to the upper opening by heat sealing, by means of leak-tight snap-fitting, or by means of leak-tight screwing.
With respect to the materials of the cap, they are impermeable to the attractant composition and comprise a polymer material which is selected from the list consisting of polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene, copolymers of polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), copolymers of polypropylene, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and mixtures thereof.
On the other hand, as mentioned, when the wick is fixed to the base through the cover, at least one segment of the wick is free, i.e., not fixed through the cover, wherein preferably the wick is flexible and coupled through the cover to the base such that there are two free ends thereof opposite the base, wherein the attractant composition is diffused without dripping along the free ends of the wick. The latter means that the length of each of the free ends of the wick is such that the attractant composition diffusing up until the ends evaporates or volatilizes before reaching the tip of each end of the wick, preventing the attractant from dripping.
On the other hand, the wick is manufactured with a material comprising yarns which in turn comprise fibers of a material selected from the list consisting of cotton, polyamide, polyurethane, and polyester.
In alternative embodiments, the attractant composition is an attractant composition in the form of an alcoholic solution comprising an alcohol, preferably ethanol, acetic acid, methionol, and optionally acetoin and/or putrescine, methionol, ethyl acetate, and/or diacetyl.
In other alternative embodiments, the attractant composition is a water-based solution.
In alternative embodiments, the target dipterous insect to be attracted is of the Drosophila type, particularly Drosophila suzukii.
In an alternative embodiment, the container comprises, in at least one portion of the outer surface thereof, a layer comprising a contact insecticide such that, in addition to attracting the dipterous insects, the device is capable of killing the dipterous insects without capturing them.
In another embodiment, the invention discloses a trap for dipterous insects, wherein the trap comprises a trapping chamber confined by a cover coupleable to the chamber, the trapping chamber being provided with at least one inlet suitable for allowing the entry of dipterous insects, and at least one contact insecticide arranged coating at least one portion of an inner wall of the trapping chamber; wherein the trap further comprises the attracting device according to the described teachings.
According to this embodiment, the invention provides a device capable of attracting dipterous insects to a trap in which the dipterous insects are trapped and poisoned by the contact insecticide.
It is important to point out that the trap incorporating the dipterous insect attracting device as described presents a significant advantage in relation to the ability of being activated/deactivated for diffusing the attractant composition given that, when the trap is not in use, for example, immediately after being acquired by a user, the device is in the deactivated position, and for putting the trap to use, the trap is arranged in the field, for example, by hanging it from a suitable location, such that the device transitions to the activated position for diffusing the attractant. In that sense, the trap is likewise conceived as a “invertible” trap such that, in the deactivated position of the device, the trap rests on the cover, whereas in the activated position of the device, the trap is tipped completely and can be suspended from the cover.
The foregoing and other advantages and features will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which should be considered by way of illustration and not limitation, wherein:
The first aspect of the present invention, illustrated in
In a preferred embodiment, the cap 3 is configured to swell and to thereby relieve the pressure inside the device 1 due to the expansion of the attractant composition 5 when at least a part of the composition evaporates. Otherwise, that is, when the pressure inside the device 1 is equal to or less than the atmospheric pressure, the cap 3 is configured to contract or collapse as the attractant composition 5 is dispensed in a controlled manner through the wick 6.
In a preferred embodiment, the cap 3 is coupleable to the container 2 through a lip arranged adjacent to the upper opening 21, preferably by a heat welding/sealing process.
As indicated above, the device comprises a wick 6 coupleable to the base 20 in connection with the lower opening 22, wherein the arrangement of the wick in the base 20 is carried out such that a portion of the wick 6 is exposed to the lower opening 22, so the attractant composition comes into contact with the wick 6 through the lower opening 22.
According to the foregoing, the cover 4 is coupled to the base 20 such that it seals the lower opening 22, fixing at least one segment of the wick 6 including the portion thereof which is in connection with the lower opening 22, with two free ends 61, 62 of the wick 6 remaining exposed, as seen in
The technique used for fixing the cover 4 in the base 20 securing or fixing the segment of the wick 6 must be in such a way that does not prevent diffusion, i.e., the wick 6 should not be impermeable, so as to ensure the diffusion of the attractant composition 5 through the wick 6, i.e., there is no leakage through the lower opening 22 or through any other site, when the device 1 is in the activated position, when the composition diffuses by capillarity from the container to the free end of the wick where it evaporates completely.
In the preferred embodiment, the cover 4 consists of a polyethylene sheet which seals the wick 6 against the base 20, sealing the lower opening 22 according to the described teachings.
In another preferred embodiment of the device 1, the container 2 is a rigid container made of at least one impermeable polymer material selected from the list consisting of polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene, copolymers of polyethylene (PE), low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), copolymers of polyethylene, copolymers of polypropylene, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and mixtures thereof. More preferably, it is selected from the list consisting of polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene and polypropylene.
The device 1 is configured such that, in the deactivated position, the container 2 is oriented towards the cap 3, so the attractant composition 5 is oriented or deposited towards the cap 3, whereas in the activated position, the container 2 is rotated, such that the attractant composition 5 is deposited or moved towards the base 20, causing the wick 6 to come into contact with the attractant composition 5.
As mentioned in the preceding lines, the wick 6 is suitable for releasing the attractant composition 5 by capillarity, preferably wherein the wick 6 is manufactured with a material provided with yarns comprising fibers of a material selected from the list consisting of cotton, polyamide, polyurethane, and polyester.
In another preferred embodiment, the cover 4 comprises a material made of a sheet comprising an aluminum material and/or a sheet comprising a polymer material impermeable to the attractant composition 5, wherein in the case of the polymer material, it is selected from the list consisting of polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene, copolymers of polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), copolymers of polypropylene, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and mixtures thereof.
With respect to the materials of the cap 3, they are impermeable to the attractant composition and comprise a polymer material which is selected from the list consisting of polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene, copolymers of polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), copolymers of polypropylene, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and mixtures thereof.
Alternatively, the cap 3 and/or the cover 4 are coupleable in their respective positions to the container 2, preferably by heat sealing, and/or by means of snap fitting, and/or by means of screwing. When the cap 3 and/or the cover 4 are coupleable in their respective positions to the container 2 by means of screwing, the cover 4 can be a stopper.
As mentioned above, when there is a negative pressure inside the device, i.e., vacuum formation, the cap 3 is capable of collapsing in order to withstand the vacuum pressure, balancing the internal pressure with the external pressure, maintaining the controlled dispensing of the attractant composition 5 through the wick 6.
On the other hand, when the pressure inside the device 1 increases due to, for example, an increase in room temperature which leads to the evaporation of at least a part of the attractant composition 5, the cap 3 expands or swells, whereby relieving the increase in pressure, maintaining the proper dispensing of the attractant composition 5. In another preferred embodiment of the device 1 of the first aspect, the container 2 has a dimension suitable for containing a volume of the attractant composition 5 of between 45 ml and 500 ml. More preferably, the container 2 has a volume of between 50 ml and 550 ml.
In another preferred embodiment, the device 1 is configured such that the lower part has a frustoconical shape to improve the release of the attractant 5 and to ensure that this release always takes place, although the device can be located slightly titled when it is in use in the field.
Therefore, as a result of the impermeability of the container 2, the cap 3, and the cover 4, as well as the configuration of the wick 6 and the tipping/activation system, the device 1 has the advantage of allowing the release or diffusion of the attractant composition 5 through the wick 6, allowing a controlled and/or sustained release over time that is, at the same time, effective and without wasting any attractant composition 5, where the controlled and sustained release can be maintained despite atmospheric changes.
In the deactivated position, the container 2 is arranged such that the attractant composition 5 is moved towards or leans against the cap 3, such that the portion of the wick 6 in connection with the lower opening 22 does not come into contact with the attractant composition 5. When the device 1 is tipped, i.e., the container 2 is rotated on itself sufficiently, the attractant composition 5 is oriented towards the base 20 of the container, coming into contact with the wick 6 for its diffusion, with the device 1 thereby being in the activated position. Performing the reverse process will be enough to transition to the deactivated position.
The wick 6 can be flexible or rigid and have a transverse area in any shape. In a preferred embodiment, the wick 6 is flexible and made of a material comprising yarns comprising fibers of a material selected from the list consisting of cotton, polyamide, and polyester, or any material suitable for diffusing the attractant composition 5 by capillarity according to the composition thereof as will be described in detail below. The wick 6 has the advantage of not causing the dripping of the attractant composition 5 but rather the sustained and controlled diffusion thereof over time.
In one embodiment, the device works very well for attracting Drosophila type dipterous insects, particularly Drosophila suzukii, with the attractant composition 5 being configured as an attractant solution 5 preferably formulated for attracting the Drosophila suzukii. In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the device 1 comprises an alcoholic composition arranged in the container 2.
Based on the foregoing, the device 1, particularly the container 2, is suitable for housing and releasing the attractant composition 5 the composition of which is based on alcohol and comprises attractant substances for attracting dipterous insects (Diptera), preferably for attracting Drosophila, and more preferably for attracting Drosophila suzukii (Matsamura).
In this exemplary embodiment, the term attractant composition 5 or attractant substance based on alcohol, also referred to as alcoholic attractant compositions, is understood to mean compositions essentially comprising an alcohol, at least one alcohol selected from the list comprising straight chain, branched, or cyclic C1-C10, preferably C1-C5, alcohols. Preferably, the alcoholic attractant composition 5 comprises an alcohol in a percentage by weight, % w/w, from 50-98%, preferably from 60-95%.
Therefore, in this exemplary embodiment, the device 1 comprises an attractant composition 5 contained in the container 2. More preferably, the attractant composition 5 comprise at least:
More preferably, in this exemplary embodiment of the device 1, the attractant composition 5 comprises at least:
optionally:
wherein the concentration by weight of ethanol in the composition is in a % w/w range from 50-98%, preferably from 60-95%.
Alternatively, the outer surface of the container 2 can be completely or partially coated with a contact insecticide. As a result, when in use, the device 1 of the invention can be arranged in a working position by suitable means, for example, hanging from or close to a tree, such that dipterous insects, in the example Drosophila suzukii, are attracted by the attractant composition 5, and upon coming into contact with the outer surface of the container, the insects are covered in the insecticide and die. Therefore, the device of the first aspect would be suitable for attracting and killing dipterous insects, wherein in the exemplary embodiment, these dipterous insects are from the genus Drosophila, preferably from the species Drosophila suzukii.
The second aspect of the present invention, illustrated in
Another significant advantage of the invention lies in its simplicity and cost. In particular, the proposed solution does not require additional supporting elements for the device 1 or for the contact insecticide, since the trap 10 itself acts as a support for both. This drastically reduces the cost of use and facilitates its implementation for mass trapping and elimination of dipterous insects. It should be mentioned that, according to the invention, the inner wall of the trapping chamber 11 does not have to be completely coated with contact insecticide in order to cause the death of the insects and to solve the technical problem in question.
In the embodiment illustrated in
In another preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the trapping chamber 11 can have a conical, frustoconical, or cylindrical shape with an essentially round base to improve and facilitate insect collection and elimination.
In a preferred embodiment of the trap 10 of the second aspect, the contact insecticide can also be deposited on the walls of the cover 12, therefore the inner wall (not shown) of the cover 12 can also be at least partially coated with the contact insecticide.
In a preferred embodiment of the trap 10 of the second aspect, the cover 12 can be a removable cover, such that the trap 10 can be reused several times or can be emptied when there is a large number of captures.
In another preferred embodiment, the cover 12 is configured to be coupled to the confinement chamber 11 by means of pressure through a blocking system (not shown). Preferably, the blocking system can be a snap-fit system (releasable connection) or a rotation system. Even more preferably, the blocking system is a releasable connection system, wherein the cover 12 is configured with protrusions (not shown) that fit into an edge of the confinement chamber 11 by means of pressure. Alternatively, when the blocking system is by rotation, the cover 12 comprises a groove and the edge of the confinement chamber comprises a tooth-like protrusion suitable for fitting into the groove of the cover 12 by means of rotation of the chamber 11 and/or the cover 12, preferably in anticlockwise direction.
To trap dipterous insects, the trapping chamber 11 comprises at least one inlet 13 configured to allow dipterous insects to go into the trapping chamber 11. Preferably, the trap 10 comprises a plurality of inlets 13 arranged in the walls forming the trapping chamber 11, thereby facilitating the entry of dipterous insects into the trapping chamber 11 and increasing the number of captures per trap 10.
In another preferred embodiment of the trap 10 of the second aspect, the inlet 13 is provided with a blocking part 14 configured to prevent the exit of dipterous insects out of the trapping chamber 11 once they have gone into the trapping chamber 11 and/or to prevent the entry of larger non-target insects other than those of target dipterous insects.
In another preferred embodiment of the trap 10 of the second aspect, the inlet 13 has a circular shape such that the blocking part 14 takes the form of a rib which goes through the inlet 13 diametrically in a circular form; wherein optionally the rib is oriented vertically.
In a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the inlet 13 is formed in the walls of the trapping chamber 11 from a circular-shaped perforation such that the blocking part 14 takes the form of a rib which goes through the inlet 13 diametrically in the form of a circular perforation; wherein optionally the rib is oriented vertically.
In an even more embodiment, the inlet 13 is formed as a tubular body which is open at both ends and communicates the outside with the inside of the trapping chamber 11, wherein the body tubular projects from the walls of the trapping chamber 11. When the tubular body has a circular shape, the blocking part 14 takes the form of a rib which goes through the tubular body diametrically, wherein the rib is optionally oriented in a vertical manner in the tubular body.
Alternatively, the tubular body projects towards the outside of the trapping chamber 11 or towards the inside of the trapping chamber 11 or with portions oriented both towards the outside and towards the inside of the trapping chamber 11. When multiple inlets 13 according to this embodiment are provided, the projection of each of the tubular bodies from the walls of the trapping chamber will be according to any of the projections described above.
In a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the trapping chamber 11 is opaque and/or the cover 12 is translucent or opaque. The trap 10 can be manufactured from polymer materials suitable for the preferred embodiment.
As mentioned, in an exemplary embodiment, the attractant composition 5 of the device 1 is particularly indicated for attracting Drosophila type dipterous insects, particularly Drosophila suzukii. Such exemplary embodiment can be implemented with the trap 10 described up until now for the mass attraction and capture of such dipterous insects. In that sense, contact insecticide is also formulated specifically to poison Drosophila suzukii.
Alternatively, in another embodiment, the attractant composition is a water-based solution which is likewise applicable to the device 1 and/or the trap 10, according to the described teachings mutatis mutandis.
A third aspect of the invention relates by way of example to an attractant composition 5 for Drosophila, preferably for Drosophila suzukii, i.e., a composition particularly conceived for attracting Drosophila suzukii, specifically an alcoholic attractant composition, essentially an alcohol, at least one alcohol selected from the list comprising straight chain, branched, or cyclic C1-C10, preferably C1-C5, alcohols. Preferably, the alcoholic attractant composition 5 comprises an alcohol in a percentage by weight, % w/w, from 50-98%, preferably from 60-95%.
In a preferred embodiment, the attractant composition 5 of the third aspect, preferably suitable for attracting Drosophila suzukii, comprises at least:
In a more preferred embodiment, the attractant composition 5 of the third aspect comprises at least:
In the more preferred embodiment, the attractant composition 5 of the third aspect consists of:
Unlike the state of the art in which the components are separated for reasons of incompatibility, these attractant solutions/compositions show a high effectiveness as attractants by providing a large number of captures.
The fourth aspect of the invention relates to the use of the device of the first aspect for attracting and/or killing dipterous insects, wherein in particular embodiments these dipterous insects are from the genus Drosophila, preferably from the species Drosophila suzukii.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23382417.6 | May 2023 | EP | regional |
