Patent Grant
10473845
This application claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0158493, filed on Nov. 25, 2016, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
The present disclosure relates to directional backlight units, three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatuses having the same, and methods of manufacturing the same.
Recently, three-dimensional (3D) movies have become popular and thus research is being actively conducted on 3D image display apparatuses. The 3D image display apparatuses display 3D images based on binocular parallax. Related art, commercialized 3D image display apparatuses use binocular parallax and give a three-dimensional effect to a user by providing a left-view image and a right-view image to the left eye and the right eye of the user, respectively. The above-described 3D image display apparatuses include stereoscopic 3D image display apparatuses which require special glasses, and autostereoscopic 3D image display apparatuses which require no glasses.
The stereoscopic 3D image display apparatuses use red-green glasses in theaters, and use polarized glasses or liquid crystal shutters for televisions. The autostereoscopic 3D image display apparatuses are divided into a barrier type, a lenticular type, etc., based on structures thereof. Also, the autostereoscopic 3D image display apparatuses are divided into a multiview rendering type, a volumetric type for recording every data in a 3D space and displaying the same in voxels, an integral imaging type for capturing multi-angle images formed through a fly's eye collimator and reversely displaying the same, a holographic type, a directional backlight unit type, etc., based on image display schemes thereof.
A directional backlight unit may display a 3D image by adjusting an exit direction of light by using gratings. When light proceeds in a light guide plate due to total reflection, the light leaks between the light guide plate and a display panel and thus the intensity of the light is reduced.
In this disclosure, various exemplary embodiments including, but not limited to, directional backlight units capable of reducing light leakage, three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatuses having directional backlight units capable of reducing light leakage and methods of manufacturing 3D image display apparatuses having directional backlight units capable of reducing light leakage, are provided.
Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the exemplary embodiments.
According to an exemplary embodiment, there is provided a backlight unit comprising: a light source, a light guide plate configured to guide light irradiated from the light source, and comprising an exit surface through which the light exits and a reflection plate provided on at least a part of the exit surface of the light guide plate.
The backlight unit may further comprise a diffractor provided on the exit surface of the light guide plate.
The diffractor may have an area that is less than an area of the exit surface of the light guide plate.
The reflection plate may be provided on an edge region of the exit surface of the light guide plate where the diffractor is not provided.
The reflection plate may comprise a metal or a dielectric material.
The metal may comprise at least one of silver (Ag), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr).
The backlight unit may further comprise a prism configured to adjust an angle of incidence of the light on the light guide plate, the prism being between the light source and the light guide plate.
The backlight unit may further comprise a reflection mirror provided on a surface of the prism.
The backlight unit may further comprise a collimator configured to collimate the light from the light source.
The light source may comprise a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD).
According to another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatus comprising: a light source, a light guide plate configured to guide light irradiated from the light source, and comprising an exit surface through which the light exits, a diffractor provided on the exit surface of the light guide plate and comprising gratings configured to adjust an exit direction of the light, a reflection plate provided on at least a part of the exit surface of the light guide plate and a display panel configured to form an image by using the light exited through the diffractor.
The diffractor may have an area less than an area of the exit surface of the light guide plate.
The reflection plate may be provided on an edge region of the exit surface of the light guide plate where the diffractor is not provided.
The 3D image display apparatus may have an edge of the display panel bonded to the reflection plate, or interfaces between the display panel and the reflection plate may be bonded to each other.
The reflection plate may comprise a metal or a dielectric material.
The metal may comprise at least one of silver (Ag), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr).
According to another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatus, the method comprising: depositing a reflection layer on a light guide plate, forming a reflection plate by etching a part of the reflection layer and remaining an edge the reflection layer, combining a diffractor with the etched part and coupling the display panel to the reflection plate.
The he reflection plate may comprise a metal or a dielectric material.
The metal may comprise at least one of silver (Ag), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr).
The coupling of the display panel to the reflection plate may further comprise bonding an edge of the display panel to the reflection plate, or bonding interfaces between the display panel and the reflection plate to each other.
The forming the reflection plate may further comprise etching a center part of the reflection layer.
According to another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a backlight unit comprising: a light guide plate configured to guide a light received from a light source, a reflection plate formed on a first surface of the light guide plate through which the light exits the light guide plate towards a display panel and a diffractor formed on the first surface of the light guide plate and configured to control the light exiting the light guide plate.
The reflection plate may be provided at an area of the backlight unit configured to couple with the display panel.
The reflection plate and the diffractor may be formed on a same plane.
The reflection plate and the diffractor may be formed directly on the first surface of the light guide plate.
The reflection plate and the diffractor may be formed adjacent to each other.
The reflection plate and the diffractor may be formed without a gap in between.
These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the exemplary embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings, like reference numerals denote like elements and the sizes of elements may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes” and/or “including”, when used herein, specify the presence of stated elements, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.
The suffix such as “ . . . er”, “unit”, or “module” is used to denote an entity for performing at least one function or operation, and may be embodied in the form of hardware, software, or a combination thereof. “A on B” may be understood as A provided on B in a contact or noncontact manner.
The light source S may be provided, for example, in at least one side direction of the light guide plate LGP. For example, the light source S may irradiate light of at least one wavelength band. For example, the light source S may include a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD). However, the light source S is not limited thereto and any light source for irradiating light of a plurality of wavelengths may be used. A plurality of LEDs or LDs may be provided in at least one side direction of the light guide plate LGP. The light guide plate LGP may include at least one incident surface 11 on which light is incident from the light source S, and an exit surface 13 through which light proceeded in the light guide plate LGP exits. The light guide plate LGP may guide light from the light source S due to internal total reflection to exit through the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP.
A reflection plate 10 may be provided on the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. In an exemplary embodiment, the reflection plate 10 may be provided on at least a part of the edge of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 10 may be made of a material capable of reflecting light. The reflection plate 10 may include a metal or a dielectric material. The reflection plate 10 may include a metal including at least one of, for example, silver (Ag), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr).
The diffractor D may have an area less than that of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 10 may be provided on a region of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP where the diffractor D is not provided. Accordingly, the reflection plate 10 and the diffractor D may be provided on the same plane without a gap therebetween. For example, the reflection plate 10 may be provided on an end edge of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 10 may be provided on a region of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP close to the light source S. Alternatively, the reflection plate 10 may be provided on two side edges of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. If necessary, the reflection plate 10 may be provided on any other region where the diffractor D is not provided.
The display panel 30 may be combined with the reflection plate 10 due to bonding B. The bonding B may be performed along the entire edge of the display panel 30. Alternatively, interfaces between the display panel 30 and the reflection plate 10 may be bonded to each other.
The reflection plate 10 and the diffractor D may be provided on the entire exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP, and light incident from the light source S on the light guide plate LGP may be reflected by the reflection plate 10 and proceed in the light guide plate LGP, or may be output through the diffractor D. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, output of light through a part other than the diffractor D may be prevented. For example, output of light through a part at the bonding B may be prevented.
The 3D image display apparatus 1A may include a backlight unit 2, and a display panel 30 for displaying an image by using light from the backlight unit. The backlight unit 2 may include a first light source S1 and a second light source S2 for irradiating light, and a light guide plate LGP for guiding light from the first and second light sources S1 and S2. A diffractor D may be provided on the light guide plate LGP. The display panel 30 may be provided on the diffractor D. The diffractor D may include gratings G. The diffractor D may have a grating pattern (or a diffraction pattern) to control an exit direction of light based on at least one of an angle and a wavelength of light incident on the light guide plate LGP. The first light source S1 may be provided at a side of the light guide plate LGP, and the second light source S2 may be provided at a position facing the first light source S1. The first light source S1 may irradiate light of a first wavelength, and the second light source S2 may irradiate light of a second wavelength. The first and second light sources S1 and S2 may include at least one LED or at least one LD.
The light guide plate LGP may include a first incident surface 11a on which light is incident from the first light source S1, a second incident surface 11b on which light is incident from the second light source S2, and an exit surface 13 through which light proceeded in the light guide plate LGP exits. The light guide plate LGP may guide light from the first and second light sources S1 and S2 due to internal total reflection to exit through the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP.
A reflection plate 10 may be provided on the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 10 may be provided on at least a part of the edge of the exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP. In
A reflection plate 10 may be provided to surround the edge of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 10 and a diffractor D may be provided on an exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP without a gap therebetween.
Referring to
A reflection plate 10 and a diffractor D may be provided on an exit surface 13 of the light guide plate LGP without a gap therebetween.
The diffractor D may have a plurality of grating pattern sets corresponding to at least one of, for example, a direction and a wavelength of light incident from the light guide plate LGP on the diffractor D. The diffractor D may enable interaction between the gratings G and light of a specific wavelength, and allows light to exit in a specific direction based on a combination of, for example, a pitch of the gratings G, an arrangement direction of the gratings G, a refractive index of the gratings G, a duty cycle of the gratings G, and a relative angle between a proceeding direction of light and the gratings G.
The grating unit GU may include a first sub grating unit SGU1, a second sub grating unit SGU2, and a third sub grating unit SGU3. For example, the first sub grating unit SGU1 may respond to light of a first wavelength, the second sub grating unit SGU2 may respond to light of a second wavelength, and the third sub grating unit SGU3 may respond to light of a third wavelength.
The diffractor D may allow light to exit in different directions based on the grating pattern sets. The light exited in different directions may provide different views and thus a 3D image may be displayed. Herein, a view may refer to, for example, an image provided to an eye of a user. However, in an exemplary embodiment is not limited thereto and images corresponding to two or more views may be provided to an eye of the user. The diffractor D may control exit directions of light, and a 3D image may be displayed when different views are provided to the user based on the exit directions of light. Based on the number of grating pattern sets, a plurality of views, e.g., 36, 48, or 96 views, may be provided.
A collimator C for collimating light may be further provided between the light source S and the prism 105. The collimator C may include, for example, a lens. The prism 105 may allow the collimated light to be maintained in the collimated state and reflected by the reflection mirror 106. The collimated light may have a constant angle of incidence on the light guide plate LGP. The prism 105 and the reflection mirror 106 may have a variety of structures capable of adjusting and maintaining the angle of incidence of light on the light guide plate LGP.
The light source S may irradiate light of at least one wavelength band. For example, the light source S may include an LED or an LD. However, the light source S is not limited thereto and any light source for irradiating light of a plurality of wavelengths may be used. The light guide plate LGP may include at least one incident surface 111 on which the light L is incident from the light source S, and an exit surface 113 through which light proceeded in the light guide plate LGP exits. The light guide plate LGP may guide light from the light source S due to internal total reflection to exit through the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP.
A reflection plate 110 may be provided on a part of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 110 may be provided on at least a part of the edge of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 110 may be made of a material capable of reflecting light. The reflection plate 110 may include a metal or a dielectric material. The reflection plate 110 may include a metal including at least one of, for example, Ag, Au, Al, Pt, Cu, Ti, Ni, and Cr.
The diffractor D may have an area less than that of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 110 may be provided on a region of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP where the diffractor D is not provided. Accordingly, the reflection plate 110 and the diffractor D may be provided on the same plane without a gap therebetween. For example, the reflection plate 110 may be provided on an end edge of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 110 may be provided on a region of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP close to the incident surface 111. Alternatively, the reflection plate 110 may be provided on two side edges of the exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP. If necessary, the reflection plate 110 may be provided on any other region where the diffractor D is not provided.
The display panel 130 may be combined with the reflection plate 110 by a bonding layer 115. The bonding layer 115 may be provided on interfaces between the display panel 130 and the reflection plate 110.
The reflection plate 110 and the diffractor D may be provided on the entire exit surface 113 of the light guide plate LGP, and light incident from the light source S on the light guide plate LGP may be reflected by the reflection plate 110 and proceed in the light guide plate LGP, or may be output through the diffractor D. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, output of light through a part other than the diffractor D may be prevented. For example, output of light through a part at the bonding B may be prevented. In addition, since light collimated by the collimator C is maintained in the collimated state and incident on the light guide plate LGP through the prism 105, an angle of incidence of light on the light guide plate LGP may be adjusted. As such, the diffractor D may diffract light in a desired direction based on the angle of incidence of light on the light guide plate LGP.
First prisms 1051 and first reflection mirrors 1061 may be provided in a first side direction of a light guide plate LGP, second prisms 1052 and second reflection mirrors 1062 may be provided in a second side direction of the light guide plate LGP, and third prisms 1053 and third reflection mirrors 1063 may be provided in a third side direction of the light guide plate LGP. Fourth prisms 1054 and fourth reflection mirrors 1064 may be further provided in a part of a fourth side direction of the light guide plate LGP, and fifth prisms 1055 and fifth reflection mirrors 1065 may be further provided in another part of the fourth side direction of the light guide plate LGP.
First light sources S1 may be provided below the first prisms 1051, second light sources S2 may be provided below the second prisms 1052, and third light sources S3 may be provided below the third prisms 1053. Fourth light sources S4 may be provided below the fourth prisms 1054, and fifth light sources S5 may be provided below the fifth prisms 1055. In
A reflection plate 110 may be provided on a part of the light guide plate LGP. The reflection plate 110 may be provided on a region of an exit surface of the light guide plate LGP where a diffractor D is not provided. The reflection plate 110 and the diffractor D may be provided on the same plane without a gap therebetween. A display panel 130 may cover the diffractor D and be coupled to the reflection plate 110.
The reflection plate 110 and the diffractor D may be provided on the entire exit surface of the light guide plate LGP, and light incident from each light source on the light guide plate LGP may be reflected by the reflection plate 110 and proceed in the light guide plate LGP, or may be reflected by the diffractor D, proceed in the light guide plate LGP, and be output through the diffractor D. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, light may be output to the outside through the light guide plate LGP and the diffractor D without being leaked.
For example, the first light sources S1 may irradiate first light L1 of a first wavelength, the second light sources S2 may irradiate second light L2 of a second wavelength, and the third light sources S3 may irradiate third light L3 of a third wavelength. The first light L1 and the third light L3 may be diagonally incident on the light guide plate LGP, and the second light L2 may be perpendicularly incident on the light guide plate LGP.
The fourth light sources S4 may irradiate fourth light L4 of the third wavelength. The fifth light sources S5 may irradiate fifth light L5 of the first wavelength. As described above, the number of light sources may be adjusted to increase the intensity of light as necessary. The fourth light L4 may be incident on the light guide plate LGP in a direction parallel to the third light L3. The fifth light L5 may be incident on the light guide plate LGP in a direction parallel to the first light L1. As such, the diffractor D may output light in desired directions based on angles of incidence of light on the light guide plate LGP. Prism shapes and reflection mirror positions may be changed to adjust the angles of incidence of light on the light guide plate LGP.
In an exemplary embodiment, since light sources for required wavelengths are further provided, the intensities of light may be increased as necessary. In addition, for example, the numbers and positions of light sources may be variously changed.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
A directional backlight unit according to an exemplary embodiment may include a reflection plate on the edge of an exit surface of the backlight unit and thus reduce light leakage. In addition, the backlight unit and a display panel may be uniformly combined with each other. Therefore, a 3D image display apparatus having a good image quality may be provided using the directional backlight unit according to an embodiment. In a method of manufacturing the 3D image display apparatus, according to an embodiment, the backlight unit and the display panel may be uniformly combined with each other.
It should be understood that exemplary embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments.
While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2016-0158493 | Nov 2016 | KR | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20040042233 | Suzuki et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20100073599 | Yoon et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20140300840 | Fattal et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20150036068 | Fattal | Feb 2015 | A1 |
| 20150331170 | Cheng et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1020080052775 | Jun 2008 | KR |
| 101641375 | Jul 2016 | KR |
| Entry |
|---|
| Communication dated Apr. 24, 2018, issued by the European Patent Office in counterpart European application No. 17194177.6. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20180149799 A1 | May 2018 | US |
