Patent Grant
8479041
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates in general to computers, and more particularly to apparatus hod and computer program product embodiments for disaster recovery (DR) failback in deduplication systems in a computing storage environment.
2. Description of the Related Art
Computers and computer systems are found in a variety of settings in today's society. Computing environments and networks may be found at home, at work, at school, in government, and in other settings. Computing environments increasingly store data in one or more storage environments, which in many cases are remote from the local interface presented to a user.
Computing environments better known as deduplication systems may externalize various logical data storage entities, such as files, data objects, backup images, data snapshots or virtual tape cartridges. It is often required that such data storage entities be replicated from their origin site to remote sites. Replicated data entities enhance fault tolerance abilities and availability of data. Such fault tolerance and wide availability is increasingly demanded. For example, replication may be used in certain disaster recovery (DR) scenarios to retain data security and data access. While several existing approaches may be used to perform data replication, and specifically, replication of deduplicated data entities, these approaches have accompanying limitations that negatively affect replication efficiency, system performance and data consistency, require additional overhead, or a combination of the above.
In situations where a prolonged failure of a primary computing storage environment (such as a virtual tape storage facility) occurs, a disaster recovery (DR) plan is typically executed to ensure data integrity at the remote/secondary site with minimal recovery point objective (RPO). However, once the primary system is revived, data from the primary system could not be replicated freely to the secondary system until a synchronization operation occurs that reconciles the changes that occurred while the primary storage environment was inoperable or otherwise not fully functional. Moreover, a DR test mode is unable to allow replication of primary site changes to the secondary while testing DR plan execution at the secondary site.
In one exemplary situation, the temporary production site may create new data storage devices (e.g., cartridges) and/or write on preexisting devices while still operational as a target for multiple other source systems. In order to return production to the original site (because the primary system has been revived or recreated from scratch) a synchronization operation between the DR and primary site is needed while receiving replication from other source systems concurrently. Additionally, the ability to continue production after transfer to the permanent site from the DR site requires “ownership synchronization” over each device (again, e.g., cartridge), which necessitates a granularity of a single device.
The issues described above are generally not addressed by conventional replication systems. As a result, use of these conventional solutions may result in shutdown of the DR system for a number of source systems that may be in the midst of replication processes. In addition, potential loss of data may occur given that the remote site may have experienced changes that would be overwritten by the primary site when running system recovery operations if synchronization will not take place. Accordingly, a need exists for a mechanism in a data replication environment for addressing the issues previously described.
In view of the foregoing, various embodiments for disaster recovery (DR) failback in a computing environment are provided. In one embodiment, by way of example only, pursuant to execution of a predetermined failback policy, if a storage device is not preexistent in a source storage system operable in the computing environment, and an owner of the storage device is one of a DR storage system and a storage system having previously withdrawn from a replication grid, and the DR storage system has authorization to transfer ownership of the storage device by a replacement operation, an instance of the storage device is replicated to the source storage system to generate a replicated instance of the storage device on the source storage system, and ownership of the storage device is designated as the source storage system for each of the instance and the replicated instance of the storage device.
In addition to the foregoing exemplary method embodiment, other exemplary system and computer product embodiments are provided and supply related advantages.
In order that the advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict embodiments of the invention and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings, in which:
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Returning to the depicted embodiment, architecture 10 provides storage services to several backup hosts 26. Deduplicated data replication is provided between various deduplication system groups 12, 14, 16, and 18 as indicated by dashed lines 22 and 24. Each of groups 12, 14, 16, and 18 include one or more hosts 26, which are connected to a deduplication system 30 via networking components such as a switch 28 as indicated. Deduplication systems 30 are interconnected via networking components such as a router 32, which provides internetwork connectivity between groups 12, 14, 16, and 18. A network 20 connects such deduplication systems 30 and routers 32. Network 20 may, in one embodiment, include a wide area network (WAN). In other embodiments, network 20 may include local area networks (LANs), storage area networks (SANs), and other network topologies known to the one of ordinary skill in the art. While routers 32 and switches 28 are shown, the one of ordinary skill in the art will also appreciate that additional and/or substitute networking components are contemplated.
In one embodiment, switch 28 is compliant with a fiber channel network protocol, making the switch 28 and interconnected components capable of executing commands such as small computer systems interface (SCSI) commands. Such commands may be executed for a variety of storage devices, again as the one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, such as disk drives, tape devices, solid state devices (SSDs), and the like.
Generally, the computer 202 operates under control of an operating system (OS) 208 (e.g. z/OS, OS/2, LINUX, UNIX, WINDOWS, MAC OS) stored in the memory 206, and interfaces with the user to accept inputs and commands and to present results, for example through a graphical user interface (GUI) module 232. In one embodiment of the present invention, the OS 208 facilitates the backup mechanisms. Although the GUI module 232 is depicted as a separate module, the instructions performing the GUI functions can be resident or distributed in the operating system 208, the application program 210, or implemented with special purpose memory and processors. OS 208 includes a replication module 240 which may be adapted for carrying out various processes and mechanisms in the exemplary embodiments previously described. Replication module 240 may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and firmware. In one embodiment, the replication module 240 may be embodied as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As the skilled artisan will appreciate, functionality associated with the replication module 240 may also be embodied, along with the functionality associated with the processor 204, memory 206, and other components of computer 202, in a specialized ASIC known as a system on chip (SoC). Further, the functionality associated with the replication module (or again, other components of the computer 202) may be implemented as a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
As depicted in
Data storage device 222 is a direct access storage device (DASD) 222, including one or more primary volumes holding a number of datasets. DASD 222 may include a number of storage media, such as hard disk drives (HDDs), tapes, and the like. Data storage device 236 may also include a number of storage media in similar fashion to device 222. The device 236 may be designated as a backup device 236 for holding backup versions of the number of datasets primarily stored on the device 222. As the skilled artisan will appreciate, devices 222 and 236 need not be located on the same machine. Devices 222 may be located in geographically different regions, and connected by a network link such as Ethernet. Devices 222 and 236 may include one or more volumes, with a corresponding volume table of contents (VTOC) for each volume.
In one embodiment, instructions implementing the operating system 208, the computer program 210, and the compiler 212 are tangibly embodied in a computer-readable medium, e.g., data storage device 220, which may include one or more fixed or removable data storage devices 224, such as a zip drive, floppy disk, hard drive, DVD/CD-ROM, digital tape, flash memory card, solid state drive, etc., which are generically represented as the storage device 224. Further, the operating system 208 and the computer program 210 comprise instructions which, when read and executed by the computer 202, cause the computer 202 to perform the steps necessary to implement and/or use the present invention. For example, the computer program 210 may comprise instructions for implementing the grid set manager, grid manager and repository manager previously described. Computer program 210 and/or operating system 208 instructions may also be tangibly embodied in the memory 206 and/or transmitted through or accessed by the data communication device 230. As such, the terms “article of manufacture,” “program storage device” and “computer program product” as may be used herein are intended to encompass a computer program accessible and/or operable from any computer readable device or media.
Embodiments of the present invention may include one or more associated software application programs 210 that include, for example, functions for managing a distributed computer system comprising a network of computing devices, such as a storage area network (SAN). Accordingly, processor 204 may comprise a storage management processor (SMP). The program 210 may operate within a single computer 202 or as part of a distributed computer system comprising a network of computing devices. The network may encompass one or more computers connected via a local area network and/or Internet connection (which may be public or secure, e.g. through a virtual private network (VPN) connection), or via a fibre channel SAN or other known network types as will be understood by those skilled in the art. (Note that a fibre channel SAN is typically used only for computers to communicate with storage systems, and not with each other.)
As mentioned previously, current DR replication mechanisms fail to address various scenarios where, following a prolonged failure of a first data storage system, synchronization between the first and a second data storage system is needed to ensure data integrity, for example. Turning to
DR system 244 includes a backup application 254 capable of operating in a DR mode, writing backup data 264 to a storage facility (here embodied as a virtual tape library, or VTL) 256. Source storage facilities 248, 250, and 252 are also embodied as VTL systems as depicted. In the illustrated scenario, a many-to-one replication (denoted by reference numbers 258, 260, and 262) operation of various objects (e.g., 9, 8, 7, and 3) is depicted, and in during this replication operation source system 252 suffers a prolonged failure (as depicted by the X 266). As a result of this failure, object 3 has passed fully, object 7 failed after replicating some data, and object 4 was not replicated at all. The DR system 244, now working as production, has now created objects 6 and 4. In an exemplary VTL embodiment, such objects may be cartridges, or other storage objects as one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate.
The following illustrated embodiments provide mechanisms for, at least temporarily, pausing replication to a system (such as a remote site as presently depicted) declared as being in a DR mode (such as a test procedure) to perform synchronization operations as will be further described. In one embodiment, the declaration of entering a DR mode is performed by a remote system administrator in his own system, for example. In one of the illustrated embodiments, the DR mode status is received and heuristically attempted to distribute to fellow members of the applicable replication group. The illustrated embodiments provide for synchronizing ownership of replicate objects, during such a pause in the DR mode, at a storage facility while the facility is operating in a DR mode, and while the storage facility is still a replication target of other source storage facilities and a backup target for a local backup operation.
In order to exit the DR mode, in one embodiment, the user may choose to execute a “failback” operation, as will be illustrated below, to synchronize its ownership over the source system storage objects. The mechanisms of the illustrated embodiments allow the DR system, for example, to define such a failback operation, and pursuant to such an operation, execute synchronization processes on the storage objects (such as cartridges in a VTL embodiment). Such synchronization processes ensure ownership of storage objects is coordinated at the CR system and the applicable source storage facility or facilities. In this manner, the mechanisms of the present invention provide inherent synchronization functionality for storage systems (such as virtual tape systems), in order, for example, to restore a replication group state to an original state prior to a disaster, and hence, allow seamless production site switching to/from the applicable DR site. In addition, the mechanisms of the present invention work in parallel to normal replication in order to provide a DR capability to a single or a set of source storage facilities, while allowing the remainder of the storage systems to continue to replicate normally.
In one exemplary embodiment, a failback operation may be performed as follows. First, the user makes a determination to allow, as part of disaster recovery, to temporarily withdraw or “step out” of a DR mode of operation in order to switch back production to the primary system. Pursuant to this determination, a failback policy may be created. The user then may select the applicable source system in which the DR system should synchronize out of a list of all systems declared in a DR mode for the remote system. The applicable storage devices (e.g., cartridge sets) are then selected for synchronization. In one embodiment, these storage devices may include older devices that are replicas from the source system, and also new devices created at the DR system.
DR system to transfer ownership of its replicate objects from a specific source data storage facility to the DR system. The source system that was selected for such ownership transfer is examined to determine if this system had left the applicable replication grid prior to this takeover operation. As a next step, the DR system receives the ownership of the source data storage facility's storage objects (e.g., cartridges). The replacement announcement is then distributed among all the applicable systems in the replication grid.
In view of the foregoing, a determination is made to allow the DR system to transfer ownership of its replicate objects from a specific source system to another source system. The selected source system is checked to verify that the source system had already left the applicable replication grid prior to the failback operation being executed. The applicable DR system does not receive ownership over particular data units (e.g., cartridges). Only a replacement system obtains ownership after completion of a failback operation from the DR system to the particular system.
The following terminology may be helpful in having a better understanding of the exemplary failback operation introduced previously. First, a “failback policy” may be intended to refer, in one embodiment, to a set of rules defining which storage objects (again, e.g., cartridges) would be failed back to which source storage system. Next, “ownership” (such as cartridge ownership, for example) may be intended to refer to at least one attribute of a data object indicating the object's ability to be written at a certain system. For instance, a particular cartridge may only be write-enabled on a respective owner system. A “DR mode” of operation may be intended to refer to an indication at a remote system that a certain remote system is not used as a DR for certain storage systems. Pursuant to entry into the DR mode of operation, replication communication from an applicable source system may be blocked in order to protect replicated data.
Continuing the previously begun terminology further, a “replacement process” may be intended to refer to a process authorizing a DR system to transfer ownership while temporarily withdrawn from, or “stepped out” from the DR mode of operation. “Replication” may be intended to refer to a process of incrementally copying data (such as deduplicated data) between systems residing in a same replication grid. Finally, a “replication grid” may refer to a logical group providing context in which the replication operation may be established between different physically connected members.
The failback operation may proceed against a source system that has been either revived or recreated. This means that, with a full DR, a new system is created without a trace to the older data, and with a partial DR, the older system may be revived with some existing data. In one embodiment, an exemplary failback operation may continue to proceed as follows. First, a remote user may select to execute the failback operation by creating an appropriate failback policy. Pursuant to the created failback policy, those objects that were chosen for synchronization are queued. A session is created to the relevant source system. Each object is examined to determine that the object does not already exist at the primary (source) system. If the object, again such as a data cartridge, is found to exist, the object is assumed to be more updated at the source data storage facility and is not replicated. Each object is then examined to determine whether the owner of the object is either the current system (DR system) or alternatively, a system that had left the replication grid and that the DR system is currently authorized to transfer its ownership by a replacement operation. Objects passing both checks are replicated to the source system. Ownership of the objects is set to be the new source system at both replicas. To this regard, ownership at the DR system causes the applicable object to remain read-only in nature. In addition, ownership at the source system causes the applicable object to become write-enabled.
In one embodiment, once the failback operation is complete, the corresponding failback policy is deleted. In case of a failure in the DR system, the failback operation is completely recoverable. All objects that were not replicated would be replicated including in-transit objects that failed during replication. Once the failback policy is deleted, production is shifted to the source system. In one embodiment, this shifting may be initiated by a user. Following the production shift, the applicable DR mode for the specific source system is exited.
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The failback policy is then executed (step 314). As previously described, pursuant to execution of the failback policy, the method 300 queries whether the applicable storage device (again, object or cartridge, for example) is preexistent in the storage system, and the owner of the storage device is the DR storage system, or the storage system has previously withdrawn from the replication grid (step 316). In addition, the method 300 queries if the DR storage system has authorization to transfer ownership of the storage device by a replacement operation (step 318). If either of these checks is not returned with a valid response, the method 300 abstains from performing the replicating of the applicable data instance of the storage device to the applicable source storage system, as previously described (step 324).
Returning to steps 316 and 318, if the method 300 returns valid responses for both queries as previously described, the method 300 moves to step 320, which replicates an instance of the applicable storage device to the source storage system, and designates ownership of the storage devices as the source storage system for original and replicated instances (step 322). Moving to step 326, the method 300 then, upon completion of the failback policy, deletes the failback policy. The production switches to the applicable source system (step 328), and, at later time, an exit of the applicable DR mode is made (step 330). The method 300 then ends (step 332).
As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
Any combination of one or more computer readable medium(s) may be utilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).
Aspects of the present invention are described below with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the above figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
While one or more embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in detail, the one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that modifications and adaptations to those embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims.
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