Patent Application
20100193057
The present invention is directed to a discharge pipe assembly for truck and trailer mounted high pressure well service pumping units. More specifically, the invention is directed to a discharge arm assembly comprising an articulated arm which is mounted to the truck or trailer bed and is connected to a fixed jumper line that in turn is connected to the pumping unit.
High pressure well service pumping units are commonly used in the hydrocarbon production industry to inject a variety of fluids into an oil or gas well during certain well servicing operations. For example, during a fracturing operation such pumping units are used to inject a particle-containing slurry into the well in order to fracture the hydrocarbon bearing formation and thereby produce channels within the formation through which the oil or gas may flow.
Typical fracturing operations require the use of several pumping units operating in unison to inject a large volume of slurry into the well. The pumping units are mounted on respective trucks or trailers which are parked close together, and the discharge pipe assembly of each pumping unit is connected to a collection manifold which in turn is connected to a wellhead at the top of the well.
The connection between each pumping unit and the collection manifold is usually made using a temporary flow line comprising a collection of individual and pre-assembled pipes and swivel joints secured together by clamps or connectors. The flow line components are stowed on the truck or trailer in compact configurations, and when the truck or trailer reaches the job site, they must be unfolded, assembled and the clamps or connectors rigged-up in order to extend the flow line to the collection manifold. However, this operation is time consuming, especially when multiple pumping units must be connected to the collection manifold. Also, in order to provide adequate support for the flow line, a common practice is to run the flow line from the truck or trailer to the ground and then from the ground to the collection manifold. However, this requires that each flow line be made up of several swivel joints comprising multiple swivel connections. In addition, the parts of the flow line which rest on the ground can experience undue wear that may shorten the life of these components. Furthermore, the numerous components of the many flow lines create cramped and cluttered conditions in the area between the pumping units and the collection manifold, which can be a safety hazard for persons assembling the flow lines.
According to the present invention, these and other limitations in the prior art are addressed by providing a discharge arm assembly which includes a jumper line that is connected to an articulated arm via a base unit. The base unit comprises a conduit, such as a swivel joint, which is rigidly secured to the trailer and which provides for fluid communication between the jumper line and the articulated arm. The jumper line may comprise any combination of generally straight pipes and/or swivel joints which are sufficient to span the distance between the base swivel joint and the outlet pipe assembly of the pumping unit. In addition, the jumper line may include enough swivel joints to isolate the base unit, and thus the articulated arm, from vibration and movement of the pumping unit. The articulated arm is supported on the base unit and preferably comprises two or more generally straight pipes which are connected together by swivel joints to allow the arm to expand in a scissor-like fashion.
Ideally, the discharge arm assembly comprises no more swivel joints than are required to ensure that the necessary degrees of freedom are present between the pumping unit and the collection manifold. In addition, since the articulated arm is supported by the base unit, none of the swivel joints is required to rest on the ground. This greatly reduces the clutter in the area between the pumping unit and the collection manifold and eliminates undue wear in the swivel joints.
The discharge arm assembly may include a spring or pressure cylinder to balance the articulated arm and thereby resist the tendency of the arm to fall. This cylinder is optimally designed such that one person can manipulate the articulated arm while making the connection at the collection manifold. This, along with having to make only one connection, results in a significant labor reduction over existing practices in the prior art.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be made apparent from the following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numbers are used to denote similar components in the various embodiments.
Referring to
The discharge arm assembly 10, which in
The jumper line 20 may comprise any combination of generally straight pipes and/or swivel joints which are sufficient to span the distance between the base swivel joint 26 and the outlet pipe assembly 12 of the pumping unit 14. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the jumper line 20 includes enough swivel joints to isolate the base unit 24, and thus the articulated arm 22, from vibration and movement of the pumping unit 14. As shown in
In this embodiment of the invention, the first swivel joint 36 comprises two swivel connections and the second swivel joint 38 comprises three swivel connections. Accordingly, the first and second swivel joints 36, 38 provide five degrees of freedom between the first pipe 34 and the base swivel 26. As a result, the base unit 24 will not be affected by vibration and movement of the pumping unit 14.
The articulated arm 22 comprises a 90° elbow 42 which is connected to the upper arm 30 of the base swivel joint 26, a second generally straight pipe 44 which is connected to the 90° elbow, an apex swivel joint 46 which is connected to the second pipe, a third generally straight pipe 48 which is connected to the apex swivel joint, and an outlet swivel joint 50 which is connected to the third pipe. The outlet swivel joint 50 includes a suitable end coupling 52 for connecting the swivel joint to a corresponding coupling 54 on the collection manifold 18. In addition, the base unit 24 may be provided with a female sub 56 to which the end coupling 52 is connected when the discharge arm assembly 10 is in its stowed position.
As with the jumper line 20, the components of the articulated arm 22 may be connected together by any suitable means. For example, the upper arm 30, the 90° elbow 42, the second pipe 44, the apex swivel joint 46, the third pipe 48 and the outlet swivel joint 50 may be connected together using corresponding threaded couplings 58, such as Weco® wing unions.
In this embodiment of the invention, the second pipe 44 extends generally laterally from the upper arm 30 of the base swivel joint 26. Accordingly, the second pipe 44 is free to rotate generally horizontally relative to the base unit 24. Also, since the apex swivel joint 46 comprises two swivel connections, the third pipe 48 is free to rotate both horizontally and vertically relative to the second pipe 44. In addition, since the outlet swivel joint 50 comprises three swivel connections, the end coupling 52 may rotate in three planes relative to the third pipe 48. Consequently, the discharge arm assembly 10 provides considerably flexibility when attempting to connect the end coupling 52 to the corresponding coupling 54 on the collection manifold 18.
As shown most clearly in
In addition, the discharge arm assembly 10 may include means for balancing the third pipe 48 as it is being manipulated between its stowed and deployed positions. Referring still to
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first through third pipes may comprise pup joints having integrated Weco® wing union end connections and the swivel joints may comprise the particular swivel joint models listed in Table 1 below, which are available from FMC Technologies, Inc. of Houston, Tex.
In operation of the discharge arm assembly 10, the end coupling 52 is disconnected from the female sub 56 and the outlet swivel joint 50 is guided toward the collection manifold 18. The base swivel joint 26 and the apex swivel joint 46 will allow the second and third pipes 44, 48 to separate and extend as the outlet swivel joint 50 is brought toward the coupling 54. Once the end coupling 52 is proximate the coupling 54, the outlet swivel joint 50 will allow the end coupling to be easily aligned so that this connection can be quickly made up.
Another embodiment of the invention is shown in
It should be recognized that, while the present invention has been described in relation to the preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art may develop a wide variation of structural and operational details without departing from the principles of the invention. For example, the various elements shown in the different embodiments may be combined in a manner not illustrated above. Therefore, the appended claims are to be construed to cover all equivalents falling within the true scope and spirit of the invention.
The present application is based on and claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/201,609, which was filed on Dec. 11, 2008.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61201609 | Dec 2008 | US |
