Patent Grant
8008869
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a discharge lamp lighting device, a control method for the same, and a projector.
2. Related Art
As a light source of a projector, a discharge lamp such as a high-pressure mercury lamp or metal halide lamp is used. In such a discharge lamp, wear of electrodes due to discharge causes change in the shape of the electrodes. If plural protrusions are grown at the distal end of the electrodes or irregular wear of the electrode bodies progresses, shift of arc starting point and change in arc length occur. These phenomena cause reduction in luminance of the discharge lamp and shorten the life of the discharge lamp. This is not desirable.
As a method to address this problem, U.S. Pat. No. 6,815,907 proposes a technique of pulse width modulation with the absolute value of an AC current for discharge lamp driving maintained substantially at a constant level.
However, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,815,907, pulse width modulation of an AC current for discharge lamp driving is carried out in one modulation pattern. When the variation range of pulse width modulation is set to be large enough to sufficiently melt a protrusion grown at the distal end of an electrode, excessive heat load is applied to an electrode having no protrusion grown at its distal end, and this accelerates wear of the electrode. On the contrary, when pulse width modulation is carried out to such an extent that excessive heat load is not applied to the electrode having no protrusion grown at its distal end, if the protrusion at the distal end of the electrode becomes harder to melt because of increase in cumulative lighting time of the electrode and so on, the unwanted protrusion on the electrode cannot be melted, thus making it difficult to sufficiently restrain occurrence of flicker.
An advantage of some aspects of the invention is that a discharge lamp lighting device, a control method for the same, and a projector can be provided which enable restraining occurrence of flicker while reducing heat load on a discharge lamp electrode.
According to an aspect of the invention, a discharge lamp lighting device includes: a power control circuit that outputs a DC current; an AC converter circuit that takes the DC current as its input, inverts polarity of the DC current between first polarity and second polarity in predetermined timing, and thereby generates and outputs an AC current for discharge lamp driving; and a control unit that carries out AC conversion control processing to the AC converter circuit to control polarity inversion timing of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, and current control processing to the power control circuit to control a current value of the DC current. The control unit carries out repair control to change, in a first cyclical pattern, cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of a discharge lamp during one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, in predetermined timing. The first cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the cumulative energy is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current for discharge lamp driving. The cumulative energy differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
According to this aspect, since repair control is carried out in predetermined timing, while heat load on the discharge lamp electrodes is reduced, the temperature of the electrode can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of electrode material can be prevented. Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrode can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
The cumulative energy is energy equivalent to the electric energy supplied from the discharge lamp lighting device during a period when each electrode is an anode.
The predetermined timing may be, for example, periodical timing or timing when occurrence of flicker is detected.
According to another aspect of the invention, a discharge lamp lighting device includes: a power control circuit that outputs a DC current; an AC converter circuit that takes the DC current as its input, inverts polarity of the DC current between first polarity and second polarity in predetermined timing, and thereby generates and outputs an AC current for discharge lamp driving; and a control unit that carries out AC conversion control processing to the AC converter circuit to control a duty ratio by polarity inversion timing of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, and current control processing to the power control circuit to control a current value of the DC current. The control unit carries out repair control to conduct current control processing to change, in a first cyclical pattern, a duty ratio that is a proportion of time of the first polarity in one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, in predetermined timing. The first cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the duty ratio is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current for discharge lamp driving. The duty ratio differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
According to this aspect, since repair control is carried out in predetermined timing, while heat load on the discharge lamp electrodes is reduced, the temperature of the electrode can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of electrode material can be prevented. Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrode can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
The duty ratio is the proportion of time of the first polarity in one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving that is inverted between the first polarity and the second polarity.
According to still another aspect of the invention, a discharge lamp lighting device includes: a power control circuit that outputs a DC current; an AC converter circuit that takes the DC current as its input, inverts polarity of the DC current between first polarity and second polarity in predetermined timing, and thereby generates and outputs an AC current for discharge lamp driving; and a control unit that carries out AC conversion control processing to the AC converter circuit to control polarity inversion timing of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, and sectional current control processing to the power control circuit to control a current value of the DC current in accordance with the polarity inversion timing section. The control unit carries out repair control to conduct the sectional current control processing to change, in a first cyclical pattern, a difference in absolute value between a current value in a first polarity section and a current value in a second polarity section of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, in predetermined timing. The first cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the difference in absolute value between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section of the AC current for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current for discharge lamp driving. The difference in absolute value between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section of the AC current for discharge lamp driving differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
According to this aspect, since repair control is carried out in predetermined timing, while heat load on the discharge lamp electrodes is reduced, the temperature of the electrode can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of electrode material can be prevented. Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrode can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
It is preferable that in other cases than the time of the repair control, the control unit carries out stationary control to control magnitude of the cumulative energy in a second cyclical pattern, whereas in the repair control, the control unit controls magnitude of the cumulative energy in the first cyclical pattern in which a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the cumulative energy is greater than in the stationary control.
It is also preferable that in other cases than the time of the repair control, control unit carries out stationary control to control the duty ratio in a second cyclical pattern, whereas in the repair control, the control unit controls the duty ratio in the first cyclical pattern in which a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the duty ratio is greater than in the stationary control.
It is also preferable that in other cases than the time of repair control, the control unit carries out stationary control to control, in a second cyclical pattern, the difference in absolute value between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, whereas in the repair control, the control unit controls the difference between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, in the first cyclical pattern in which a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the difference in absolute value between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section of the AC current for discharge lamp driving is greater than in the stationary control.
It is also preferable that the control unit carries out the repair control in the cyclical pattern including a sectional period of a shorter time than the time per sectional period in the stationary control.
It is also preferable that the control unit carries out the repair control in periodical timing.
It is also preferable that the discharge lamp lighting device includes a flicker detecting unit that detects flicker in accordance with a discharge lamp driving voltage, and that the control unit carries out the repair control based on flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit.
It is also preferable that the control unit determines a flicker generating electrode in accordance with the flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit, and carries out the repair control to change the cumulative energy supplied when the flicker generating electrode is an anode, in the cyclical pattern to increase the cumulative energy.
For example, in this discharge lamp lighting device, the control unit may determine a flicker generating electrode in accordance with the flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit and may carry out repair control to change the duty ratio in the cyclical pattern so that the time of the flicker generating electrode being an anode becomes longer.
Alternatively, for example, in this discharge lamp lighting device, the control unit may determine a flicker generating electrode in accordance with the flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit and may carry out the repair control to change the DC current in a section where the flicker generating electrode is an anode, in the cyclical pattern to increase the DC current.
It is also preferable that the discharge lamp lighting device includes a flicker detecting unit that detects flicker in accordance with light quantity of the discharge lamp, and that the control unit carries out the repair control in accordance with flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit.
It is also preferable that the control unit carries out sectional current control processing in which the current value of the DC current in the polarity inversion timing section is at maximum in the latter half of the polarity inversion timing section.
It is also preferable that the control unit carries out sectional current control processing in which the current value of the DC current is monotonically increased within the polarity inversion timing section.
According to still another aspect of the invention, a control method is for a discharge lamp lighting device including a power control circuit that outputs a DC current, and an AC converter circuit that takes the DC current as its input, repeats polarity inversion of the DC current between first polarity and second polarity in predetermined timing and thereby generates and outputs an AC current for discharge lamp driving. The method includes carrying out AC conversion control processing to the AC conversion circuit to control polarity inversion timing of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, carrying out current control processing to the power control circuit to control a current value of the DC current, and carrying out repair control to change, in a first cyclical pattern, cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp during one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving, in predetermined timing. The first cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the cumulative energy is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current for discharge lamp driving. The cumulative energy differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
According to still another aspect of the invention, a projector includes the above discharge lamp lighting device.
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbers reference like elements.
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment should not unduly limit the contents of the invention described in claims. Moreover, all the elements of the configuration described below do not necessarily constitute essential elements of the invention.
1. Optical System of Projector
The light source 200 has a light source unit 210 and a discharge lamp lighting device 10. The light source unit 210 has a main reflection mirror 112 and a discharge lamp 90. The discharge lamp lighting device 10 supplies power to the discharge lamp 90 and thus lights the discharge lamp 90. The main reflection mirror 112 reflects the light emitted from the discharge lamp 90 toward an irradiation direction D. The irradiation direction D is parallel to an optical axis AX. The light from the light source unit 210 passes through the parallelizing lens 305 and becomes incident on the illumination system 310. This parallelizing lens 305 parallelizes the light from the light source unit 210.
The illumination system 310 equalizes the illuminance of the light from the light source 200 at the liquid crystal light valves 330R, 330G and 330B. The illumination system 310 also aligns the polarization direction of the light from the light source 200 into one direction. The reason for this is to effectively utilize the light from the light source 200 at the liquid crystal light valves 330R, 330G and 330B. The light with its illuminance distribution and polarization direction adjusted becomes incident on the color separation system 320. The color separation system 320 separates the incident light into three color light beams, that is, red (R), green (G) and blue (B). The three color light beams are modulated by the liquid crystal light valves 330R, 330G and 330B corresponding to their respective colors. The liquid crystal light valves 330R, 330G and 330B have liquid crystal panels 560R, 560G and 560B, and polarizers arranged on the light incident side and light exiting side of the liquid crystal panels 560R, 560G and 560B, respectively. The modulated three color light beams are combined by the cross dichroic prism 340. The combined light becomes incident on the projection system 350. The projection system 350 projects the incident light to a screen, not shown. Thus, an image is displayed on the screen.
For the configuration of each of the parallelizing lens 305, the illumination system 310, the color separation system 320, the cross dichroic prism 340, and the projection system 350, various known configuration can be employed.
The discharge lamp 90 has a bar-shape extending along the irradiation direction D from a first edge 90e1 to a second edge 90e2. The material of the discharge lamp 90 is a light-transmissive material such as quartz glass. A central part of the discharge lamp 90 is expanded in a spherical shape, in which a discharge space 91 is formed. A gas as a discharge medium containing rare gas, metal halide and so is sealed in the discharge space 91.
In the discharge space 91, two electrodes 92 and 93 are protruding from the discharge lamp 90. The first electrode 92 is arranged on the first edge 90e1 side in the discharge space 91 and the second electrode 93 is arranged on the second edge 90e2 side in the discharge space 91. These electrodes 92 and 93 have a bar-shape extending along the optical axis AX. In the discharge space 91, the distal ends (also referred to as “electrode tips”) of the electrodes 92 and 93 face each other at a predetermined distance from each other. The material of the electrodes 92 and 93 is a metal such as tungsten.
A first terminal 536 is provided at the first edge 90e1 of the discharge lamp 90. The first terminal 536 and the first electrode 92 are electrically connected with each other by a conductive member 534 passing through the discharge lamp 90. Similarly, a second terminal 546 is provided at the second edge 90e2 of the discharge lamp 90. The second terminal 546 and the second electrode 93 are electrically connected with each other by a conductive member 544 passing through the discharge lamp 90. The material of the terminals 536 and 546 is a metal such as tungsten. As the conductive members 534 and 544, for example, molybdenum foils are used.
The terminals 536 and 546 are connected to the discharge lamp lighting device 10. The discharge lamp lighting device 10 supplies an AC current to these terminals 536 and 546. As a result, arc discharge occurs between the two electrodes 92 and 93. Light (discharge light) generated by the arc discharge is radiated in all directions from the discharge position, as indicated by dotted arrows.
The main reflection mirror 112 is fixed at the first edge 90e1 of the discharge lamp 90 by a fixing member 114. The reflection surface (the surface on the discharge lamp 90 side) of the main reflection mirror 112 has a spheroidal shape. The main reflection mirror 112 reflects the discharge light toward the irradiation direction D. The shape of the reflection surface of the main reflection mirror 112 is not limited to a spheroidal shape. Various shapes that reflect the discharge light toward the irradiation direction D can be employed. For example, the shape of a paraboloid of revolution may be employed. In such case, the main reflection mirror 112 can convert the discharge light to light substantially parallel to the optical axis AX. Therefore, the parallelizing lens 305 can be omitted.
The sub reflection mirror 50 is fixed to the second edge 90e2 side of the discharge lamp 90 by a fixing member 522. The reflection surface (the surface on the discharge lamp 90 side) of the sub reflection mirror 50 has a spherical shape surrounding the second edge 90e2 side of the discharge space 91. The sub reflection mirror 50 reflects the discharge light toward the main reflection mirror 112. Thus, the efficiency of utilization of the light radiated from the discharge space 91 can be enhanced.
As the material of the fixing members 114 and 522, an arbitrary heat-resistant material that can withstand heat generation of the discharge lamp 90 (for example, an inorganic adhesive) can be employed. The technique of fixing the arrangement of the main reflection mirror 112, the sub reflection mirror 50 and the discharge lamp 90 is not limited to fixing the main reflection mirror 112 and the sub reflection mirror 50 to the discharge lamp 90, and an arbitrary technique can be employed. For example, the discharge lamp 90 and the main reflection mirror 112 may be separately fixed to the casing of the projector (not shown). This also applies to the sub reflection mirror 50.
2. Discharge Lamp Lighting Device According to First Embodiment
(1) Exemplary Circuit Configuration of Discharge Lamp Lighting Device
The discharge lamp lighting device 10 includes a power control circuit 20. The power control circuit 20 controls driving power supplied to the discharge lamp 90. In this embodiment, the power control circuit 20 is formed by a down chopper circuit that takes a DC power source 80 as its input, then lowers the input voltage and outputs a DC current Id.
The power control circuit 20 may include a switch element 21, a diode 22, a coil 23 and a capacitor 24. The switch element 21 may be formed, for example, by a transistor. In this embodiment, one end of the switch element 21 is connected to the positive voltage side of the DC power source 80 and the other end is connected to the cathode terminal of the diode 22 and one end of the coil 23. Moreover, one end of the capacitor 24 is connected to the other end of the coil 23 and the other end of the capacitor 24 is connected to the anode terminal of the diode 22 and the negative voltage side of the DC power source 80. To the control terminal of the switch element 21, a current control signal is inputted from a control unit 40, thus controlling on/off state of the switch element 21. As the current control signal, for example, a PWM control signal may be used.
Now, when the switch element 21 is turned on, a current flows through the coil 23 and energy is accumulated in the coil 23. After that, when the switch element 21 is turned off, the energy accumulated in the coil 23 is released via the capacitor 24 and the diode 22. As a result, a DC current Id is generated which corresponds to the proportion of time when the switch element 21 is on.
The discharge lamp lighting device 10 includes an AC converter circuit 30. The Ac converter circuit 30 takes, as its input, the DC current Id outputted from the power control circuit 20, then inverts polarity in predetermined timing, and thus generates and outputs a driving current for discharge lamp driving having an arbitrary frequency and duty ratio. The duty ratio is the proportion of time of first polarity in one cycle of an AC current I for discharge lamp driving which is inverted between first polarity and second polarity. In this embodiment, the Ac converter circuit 30 is formed by an inverter bridge circuit (full-bridge circuit).
The AC converter circuit 30 includes, for example, first to fourth switch elements 31 to 34 such as transistors. The first and second switch elements 31 and 32, which are connected in series, and the third and fourth switch elements 33 and 34, which are connected in series, are connected in parallel. A frequency control signal from the control unit 40 is inputted to each of the control terminals of the first to fourth switch elements 31 to 34, thus controlling on/off state of the first to fourth switch elements 31 to 34.
In the AC converter circuit 30, alternate turning on and off of the first and fourth switch elements 31 and 34 and the second and third switch elements 32 and 33 is repeated. Thus, the polarity of the DC current Id outputted from the power control circuit 20 is alternately inverted. An AC current I for discharge lamp driving having a controlled frequency and duty ratio is generated and outputted from the common connection point of the first and second switch elements 31 and 32 and the common connection point of the third and fourth switch elements 33 and 34.
That is, these switch elements are controlled in such a manner that when the first and fourth switch elements 31 and 34 are on, the second and third switch elements 32 and 33 are off, whereas when the first and fourth switch elements 31 and 34 are off, the second and third switch elements 32 and 33 are on. Therefore, when the first and fourth switch elements 31 and 34 are on, an AC current I for discharge lamp driving is generated which flows from the one end of the capacitor 24 to the first switch element 31, the discharge lamp 90 and the fourth switch element 34 in this order. When the second and third switch elements 32 and 33 are on, an AC current I for discharge lamp driving is generated which flows from the one end of the capacitor 24 to the third switch element 33, the discharge lamp 90 and the second switch element 32 in this order.
The discharge lamp lighting device 10 includes the control unit 40. The control unit 40 controls the power control circuit 20 and the AC converter circuit 30, thereby controlling the current value, frequency, duty ratio and waveform of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. The control unit 40 carries out AC conversion control processing to the AC converter circuit 30 to control the frequency and duty ratio by using the polarity inversion timing of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving, and also carries out sectional current control processing to the power control circuit 20 to control the current value of the outputted DC current Id for each polarity inversion timing section. Here, the polarity inversion section is the time between polarity inversion timings that are next to each other in time. That is, one cycle of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving includes two polarity inversion timing sections.
The control unit 40 may also determine whether flicker is generated in the discharge lamp 90 or not, and a flicker generating electrode in accordance with the output of an operation detecting unit, which will be described later.
The configuration of the control unit 40 is not particularly limited. However, in this embodiment, the control unit 40 includes a system controller 41, a power control circuit controller 42 and an AC converter circuit controller 43. A part of the control unit 40 or its entirety may be formed by a semiconductor integrated circuit.
The system controller 41 controls the power control circuit controller 42 and the AC converter circuit controller 43 and thereby controls the power control circuit 20 and the AC converter circuit 30. The system controller 41 may control the power control circuit controller 42 and the AC converter circuit controller 43 in accordance with a discharge lamp driving voltage and the AC current I for discharge lamp driving detected by an operation detecting unit 60 provided within the discharge lamp lighting device 10, which will be described later.
In this embodiment, the system controller 41 includes a storage unit 44. The storage unit 44 may also be provided separately from the system controller 41.
The system controller 41 may control the power control circuit 20 and the AC converter circuit 30 in accordance with information stored in the storage unit 44. In the storage unit 44, for example, information about the current value, frequency, duty ratio and waveform of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving may be stored.
The power control circuit controller 42 outputs a current control signal to the power control circuit 20 in accordance with a control signal from the system controller 41, thereby controlling the power control circuit 20.
The AC converter circuit controller 43 outputs an inversion control signal to the AC converter circuit 30 in accordance with a control signal from the system controller 41, thereby controlling the AC converter circuit 30.
The discharge lamp lighting device 10 may include an operation detecting unit 60. The operation detecting unit 60 may detect the operation of the discharge lamp 90, for example, the discharge lamp driving voltage of the discharge lamp or the AC current I for discharge lamp driving, and output driving voltage information or driving current information. In this embodiment, the operation detecting unit 60 includes first to third resistors 61 to 63.
The operation detecting unit 60 detects the discharge lamp driving voltage by using a voltage divided by the first and second resistors 61 and 62, which are connected parallel to the discharge lamp 90 and connected in series with each other. The operation detecting unit 60 detects the AC current I for discharge lamp driving by using a voltage generated at the third resistor 63, which is connected in series with the discharge lamp 90.
The discharge lamp lighting device 10 may include an igniter circuit 70. The igniter circuit 70 operates only when lighting of the discharge lamp 90 starts. When lighting of the discharge lamp 90 starts, the igniter circuit 70 supplies, between the electrodes of the discharge lamp 90, a high voltage (a higher voltage than in normal control operation) that is necessary to cause dielectric breakdown between the electrodes of the discharge lamp 90 and thus form a discharge path. In this embodiment, the igniter circuit 70 is connected parallel to the discharge lamp 90.
In this manner, the temperature of the anode tends to be higher than that of the cathode. The continued state where the temperature of one electrode is higher than that of the other electrode can cause various troubles. For example, if the distal end of the electrode with the higher temperature is excessively melted, unintended deformation of the electrode can occur. Consequently, the arc length may deviate from its proper value. Meanwhile, if the distal end of the electrode with the lower temperature is melted insufficiently, small recesses and protrusions generated at the distal end can remain without being melted. Consequently, a so-called arc jump may occur (the arc position is unstable and shifts).
As a technique of restraining such troubles, AC driving to repeat switching the polarity of each electrode can be used.
In the first polarity state P1, the distal end of the first electrode 92 (protrusion 552p) melts and therefore the distal end of the first electrode 92 (protrusion 552p) becomes smooth. Thus, shift of the discharge position in the first electrode 92 can be restrained. Meanwhile, the temperature of the distal end of the second electrode 93 (protrusion 562p) falls and therefore excessive melting of the second electrode 93 (protrusion 562p) is restrained. Thus, unintended deformation of the electrode can be restrained. In the second polarity state P2, the conditions of the first electrode 92 and the second electrode 93 are reversed. Thus, as the two states P1 and P2 are repeated, troubles in the two electrodes 92 and 93 can be restrained.
Now, if the waveform of the current I is symmetrical, that is, if the waveform of the current I satisfies the condition of “|+A0|=|−A0| and Tp=Tn”, the two electrodes 92 and 93 have the same condition of power supplied thereto. Therefore, the difference in temperature between the two electrodes 92 and 93 is estimated to be small. However, if driving with such a symmetrical current waveform is maintained, a steady convection current is generated in the discharge space 91, and the electrode material may be deposited or causes to segregate locally at the axial part of the electrodes and may grow in a needle-shape. This may cause unintended discharge toward the wall surface of the light-transmissive material surrounding the discharge space 91. Such unintended discharge degrades this inner wall and may cause reduction in the life of the discharge lamp 90. Moreover, if driving with such a symmetrical current waveform is maintained, a constant temperature distribution of the electrodes is continued for a long time. Therefore, asymmetry of the electrodes generated by state change with time tends to be further promoted with time.
(2) Exemplary Control of Discharge Lamp Lighting Device
Next, a specific example of controlling the discharge lamp lighting device 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
The control unit 40 of the discharge lamp lighting device 10 according to this embodiment carries out repair control to change, in a cyclical pattern, cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp in one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving in predetermined timing. This cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving, and in this pattern, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
The cumulative energy is equivalent to the electric energy supplied from the discharge lamp lighting device during the period when each electrode is the anode. The predetermined timing may be, for example, periodical timing or timing when occurrence of flicker is detected.
With this control, since repair control is carried out in the predetermined timing, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced, compared to the control to constantly change, in a cyclical pattern, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp in one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving.
Moreover, when repair control is carried out, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period.
That is, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be prevented. Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
The cumulative energy supplied to each electrode in one cycle of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving may be controlled in accordance with the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving or in accordance with the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving.
The case of controlling the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode in accordance with the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving will now be described with reference to
In this case, the control unit 40 carries out repair control to perform AC conversion control processing to change the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in a cyclical pattern. This cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. In this pattern, the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
Here, the case where the first electrode of the discharge lamp 90 is an anode represents the first polarity of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving, and the duty ratio is referred to as the proportion of time of the first polarity in one cycle of the AC current for discharge lamp driving which is inverted between the first polarity and the second polarity.
In the example shown in
In this embodiment, repair control is carried out in periodical timing (for example, every 360 seconds).
In the example shown in
If the discharge lamp 90 has conditions that cause the temperature of one of the two electrodes 92 and 93 to become higher than that of the other during operation, the duty ratio may be set in such a manner that the temperature of the other electrode tends to rise more than the one electrode in other times than repair control. For example, in the case of the discharge lamp 90 in which the second edge 90e2 side of the discharge space 91 is surrounded by the sub reflection mirror 50 as in the light source unit 110 shown in
In the example shown in
With this control, since repair control is carried out in the predetermined timing, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced, compared to the control to constantly change the duty ratio of the AC current for discharge lamp driving in a cyclical pattern.
Moreover, when repair control is carried out, the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period.
That is, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be prevented. Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
First Modification
In the above embodiment, the control unit 40 carries out control with the fixed duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving, in other times than repair control. However, the control unit 40 may carry out stationary control to control the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in a different cyclical pattern from the above pattern, in other times than repair control. In such case, at the time of repair control, the control unit 40 may carry out control with a cyclical pattern in which the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is greater than the difference between these values at the time of stationary control.
In the example shown in
In other times than repair control, the control unit 40 carries out stationary control to perform AC conversion control processing to change the duty ratio stepwise in the cyclical pattern of one cycle Tb including four sectional periods (sectional periods S1 to S4) in the period of one cycle Tb in which the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value. In this embodiment, the length per sectional period of the sectional periods S1 to S4 is four seconds.
At the time of repair control, the duty ratio is 60% in the sectional period D1. After that, the duty ratio is raised by 10% each and reaches the maximum level of 80% in the sectional period D3. After that, the duty ratio is lowered by 10% each and reaches the minimum level of 20% in the sectional period D9. After that, the duty ratio is raised by 10% each and increase and decrease of the duty ratio is repeated with the cycle Ta.
At the time of stationary control, the duty ratio is at its maximum of 60% in the sectional period S1. After that, the duty ratio is lowered by 10% each and reaches the maximum level of 40% in the sectional period S3. After that, the duty ratio is raised by 10% each and increase and decrease of the duty ratio is repeated with the cycle Tb.
With such control, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control.
Also in stationary control, the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period. Therefore, also in stationary driving, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be prevented.
Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes that cannot be melted at the time of stationary control can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
Second Modification
In the above embodiment, the control unit 40 carries out repair control in periodical timing. However, the control unit 40 including a flicker detecting unit that detects flicker in accordance with a discharge lamp driving voltage may carry out repair control based on flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit.
Moreover, for example, the control unit 40 may determine a flicker generating electrode in accordance with flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit and carry out repair control to change the duty ratio in a cyclical pattern to extend the time when the flicker generating electrode is the anode.
The flicker detecting unit may be realized by a combination of the control unit 40 and the operation detecting unit 60. In this case, for example, in accordance with driving voltage information of the discharge lamp 90 outputted from the operation detecting unit 60, it can be determined that flicker is generated in the discharge lamp 90 if the driving voltage of the discharge lamp 90 falls out of a predetermined range.
The control unit 40 may also determine that an electrode serving as the cathode in flicker detection timing is a flicker generating electrode.
In
In the timing of the measuring point A, with respect to the driving current of the discharge lamp 90 in
First, the operation detecting unit 60 detects the driving voltage of the discharge lamp 90 and the control unit 40 acquires driving voltage information of the discharge lamp 90 outputted from the operation detecting unit 60 (step S100). Next, the control unit 40 determines whether the driving voltage of the discharge lamp 90 is within a predetermined range or not (step S102). If the driving voltage of the discharge lamp 90 is within the predetermined range, the control unit 40 carries out stationary control (step S110).
If the driving voltage of the discharge lamp 90 is not within the predetermined range, the control unit 40 determines that flicker is generated, and the control unit 40 determines whether the flicker generating electrode is the first electrode or not (step S104). If the flicker generating electrode is the first electrode, the control unit 104 carries out repair control for the first electrode (step S106). If the flicker generating electrode is not the first electrode, the control unit 40 carries out repair control for the second electrode (S108).
Such a control flow may be sequentially repeated or repeated every predetermined period.
In this modification, the flicker generating electrode is determined and repair control for the first electrode and repair control for the second electrode are separately carried out. However, it is also possible to carry out the same repair control when flicker is generated, without determining the flicker generating electrode.
As the duty ratio is thus controlled in a cyclical pattern to extend the time when the first electrode as the flicker generating electrode is the anode, heat load on the electrode where no flicker is generated, that is, heat load on the electrode that is not worn, can be reduced. Moreover, unwanted protrusions on the flicker generating electrode can be melted by repair control. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
If flicker is generated at the second electrode of the discharge lamp 90 (that is, in the case of repair control for the second electrode), the control unit 40 carries out AC conversion control processing to control the duty ratio in a cyclical pattern to extend the time when the second electrode as the flicker generating electrode is the anode (repair control for the second electrode).
In addition to this modification, the control unit 40 can also combine stationary control to control the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in a cyclical pattern in other times than repair control.
With such control, in addition to the reduction in heat load on the electrode where no flicker is generated, that is, heat load on the electrode that is not worn, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control.
Also in stationary control, the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period. Therefore, also in stationary driving, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be prevented.
Moreover, by repair control to change the duty ratio in a cyclical pattern to extend the time when the flicker generating electrode is the anode, the cumulative energy supplied when the flicker generating electrode is the anode can be increased to melt unwanted protrusions on the electrode that cannot be melted at the time of stationary control. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be prevented.
Third Modification
In the first modification, the control unit 40 carries out repair control in the cyclical pattern including sectional periods with the same time length per sectional period as in stationary control. However, in the third modification, the control unit 40 may carry out repair control in a cyclical pattern including a sectional period having a shorter time length per sectional period than in stationary control.
The control at the time of stationary control is similar to the example described with reference to
In this manner, the time per sectional period in repair control is made shorter than the time per sectional period in stationary control, and the low-temperature period of the electrode that becomes the anode for a shorter period in repair control (in the example of
In stationary control, control is carried out in a cyclical pattern in which the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the duty ratio is smaller than in repair control. Therefore, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced.
The timing when the control unit 40 carries out repair control may be periodical timing. Alternatively, the control unit 40 may carry out repair control based on flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit, as in the second modification.
With such a control, in addition to the reduction in heat load on the electrode where no flicker is generated, that is, heat load on the electrode that is not worn, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control.
Also in stationary control, the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the duty ratio of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period. Therefore, also in stationary driving, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be prevented.
Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes that cannot be melted at the time of stationary control can be melted more efficiently. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be prevented.
Other Modifications
For example, in the above description of the embodiment, the current value is constant within the polarity inversion timing section. However, the control unit 40 may carry out sectional current control processing in which the current value of the DC current Id in the polarity inversion timing section is at maximum in the latter half of the polarity inversion timing section.
The control unit 40 may also carry out sectional current control processing in which the current value of the DC current Id is monotonically increased within the polarity inversion timing section.
With combinations of such controls, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes can be melted more efficiently in repair control. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained more effectively.
3. Discharge Lamp Lighting Device According to Second Embodiment
The case of controlling the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode in one cycle of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving by using the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving will now be described with reference to
In this case, the control unit 40 carries out repair control to perform sectional current control processing to change, in a cyclical pattern, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section. This cyclical pattern includes plural sectional periods in which the difference in absolute value between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. In this pattern, the difference in absolute value between the current value in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section differs between at least two of the sectional periods.
In the example shown in
In this embodiment, repair control is carried out in periodical timing (for example, every 360 seconds).
In the example shown in
If the discharge lamp 90 has conditions that cause the temperature of one of the two electrodes 92 and 93 to become higher than that of the other during operation, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section may be set in such a manner that the temperature of the other electrode tends to rise more than the one electrode in other times than repair control. For example, in the case of the discharge lamp 90 in which the second edge 90e2 side of the discharge space 91 is surrounded by the sub reflection mirror 50 as in the light source unit 110 shown in
After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is reduced by 0.2 A each. The difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section reaches the minimum level of −0.6 A in the sectional period D9.
After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is increased by 0.2 A each. Then, increase and decrease of the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is repeated with the cycle Ta.
In the example shown in
Next, a specific example of sectional current control processing in the discharge lamp lighting device 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
In the example shown in
In the example shown in
Similarly, in the example shown in
With this control, since repair control is carried out in predetermined timing, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced, compared to the case of control to constantly change the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section, in a cyclical pattern.
Moreover, when repair control is carried out, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period.
That is, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be prevented. Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
First Modification
In the above embodiment, the control unit 40 carries out control with the fixed difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section, in other times than repair control. However, the control unit 40 may carry out stationary control to control the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section in a different cyclical pattern from the above pattern, in other times than repair control. In such case, at the time of repair control, the control unit 40 may carry out control with a cyclical pattern in which the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is greater than the difference between these values at the time of stationary control.
In the example shown in
In other times than repair control, the control unit 40 carries out stationary control to perform sectional current control processing to change the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section stepwise in the period of one cycle Tb including four sectional periods (sectional periods S1 to S4) in which the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is maintained at the same value. In this embodiment, the length per sectional period of the sectional periods S1 to S4 is four seconds.
At the time of repair control, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is +0.2 A in the sectional period D1. After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is increased by 0.2 A each. The difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is at the maximum level of +0.6 A in the sectional period D3.
After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is decreased by 0.2 A each. The difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is at the minimum level of −0.6 A in the sectional period D9. After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is increased by 0.2 A each. Increase and decrease of the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is repeated with the cycle Ta.
At the time of stationary control, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is at the maximum of +0.2 A in the sectional period S1. After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is decreased by 0.2 A each. The difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is at the minimum of −0.2 A in the sectional period S3. After that, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is increased by 0.2 A each. Increase and decrease of the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is repeated with the cycle Tb.
With such control, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control.
Also in stationary control, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period. Therefore, also in stationary driving, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be restrained.
Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes that cannot be melted at the time of stationary control can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
Second Modification
In the above embodiment, the control unit 40 carries out repair control in periodical timing. However, the control unit 40 including a flicker detecting unit that detects flicker in accordance with a discharge lamp driving voltage may carry out repair control based on flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit.
Moreover, for example, the control unit 40 may determine a flicker generating electrode in accordance with flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit and carry out repair control to change the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section in a cyclical pattern to increase the DC current Id outputted from the power control circuit 20 in the section where the flicker generating electrode is the anode.
The example of the method for determining occurrence of flicker by the flicker detecting unit and the method for determining the flicker generating electrode is already described with reference to
In sectional periods D1 to D4, the control unit 40 carries out sectional current control processing to control the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section in a cyclical pattern to increase the DC current Id outputted from the power control circuit 20 in the section where the first electrode as the flicker generating electrode is the anode (repair control for the first electrode).
As the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is thus controlled in a cyclical pattern to increase the DC current Id outputted from the power control circuit 20 in the section where the first electrode as the flicker generating electrode is the anode, heat load on the second electrode where no flicker is generated, that is, heat load on the electrode that is not worn, can be reduced. Moreover, unwanted protrusions on the flicker generating electrode can be melted by repair control. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained.
If flicker is generated at the second electrode of the discharge lamp 90 (that is, in the case of repair control for the second electrode), the control unit 40 carries out sectional current control processing to control the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section in a cyclical pattern to increase the DC current Id outputted form the power control circuit 20 in the section where the second electrode as the flicker generating electrode is the anode (repair control for the second electrode).
In addition to this modification, the control unit 40 can also combine stationary control to control the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section in a cyclical pattern in other times than repair control.
With such control, in addition to the reduction in heat load on the electrode where no flicker is generated, that is, heat load on the electrode that is not worn, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control.
Also in stationary control, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period. Therefore, also in stationary driving, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be restrained.
Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrode that cannot be melted at the time of stationary control can be melted. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be prevented.
Third Modification
In the first modification, the control unit 40 carries out repair control in the cyclical pattern including sectional periods with the same time length per sectional period as in stationary control. However, in the third modification, the control unit 40 may carry out repair control in a cyclical pattern including a sectional period having a shorter time length per sectional period than in stationary control.
The control at the time of stationary control is similar to the example described with reference to
In this manner, as repair control to change the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section in a shorter time than at the time of stationary control is combined, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control. Moreover, also in stationary driving, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes that cannot be melted in stationary control can be melted more efficiently in repair driving.
At the electrode having a smaller current value in the section where this electrode is the anode (in the example of
The timing when the control unit 40 carries out repair control may be periodical timing. Alternatively, the control unit 40 may carry out repair control based on flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit, as in the second modification.
With such control, in addition to the reduction in heat load on the electrode where no flicker is generated, that is, heat load on the electrode that is not worn, heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp can be reduced at the time of stationary control, compared to the time of repair control.
Also in stationary control, the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is changed in the cyclical pattern including plural sectional periods in which the difference in absolute value between the current value of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving in the first polarity section and the current value in the second polarity section is maintained at the same value over plural cycles of the AC current I for discharge lamp driving. Therefore, while the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I is changed in the cyclical pattern having plural sectional periods, the cumulative energy supplied to each electrode of the discharge lamp 90 in one cycle of the AC current I can be temporarily fixed in at least one sectional period. Therefore, also in stationary driving, the thermal state of the two electrodes and their peripheries can be largely varied on a relatively long time scale. Thus, the electrode temperature can be properly changed and uneven wear of the electrodes and uneven precipitation of the electrode material can be restrained.
Moreover, by repair control, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes that cannot be melted at the time of stationary control can be melted more efficiently. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be prevented.
Other Modifications
For example, in the above description of the embodiment, the current value is constant within the polarity inversion timing section. However, the control unit 40 may carry out sectional current control processing in which the current value of the DC current Id in the polarity inversion timing section is at maximum in the latter half of the polarity inversion timing section.
The control unit 40 may also carry out sectional current control processing in which the current value of the DC current Id is monotonically increased within the polarity inversion timing section.
With combinations of such controls, unwanted protrusions on the electrodes can be melted more efficiently in repair control. Thus, occurrence of flicker can be restrained more effectively.
4. Circuit Configuration of Projector
The image signal converting unit 510 converts an image signal 502 inputted from outside (luminance-color difference signal, analog RGB signal or the like) to a digital RGB signal with a predetermined word length, thus generates image signals 512R, 512G and 512B, and supplies these image signals to the image processing device 570.
The image processing device 570 carries out image processing to each of the three image signals 512R, 512G and 512B and outputs driving signals 572R, 572G and 572B to drive the liquid crystal panels 560R, 560G and 560B, respectively.
The DC power source 520 converts an AC voltage supplied from an external AC power source 600 to a constant DC voltage, and supplies the DC voltage to the image signal converting unit 510 and the image processing device 570, which are situated on the secondary side of a transformer (not shown, but included in the DC power source 520), and to the discharge lamp lighting device 530, which is situated on the primary side of the transformer.
The discharge lamp lighting device 530 generates a high voltage between the electrodes of the discharge lamp 540 at the time of startup, thus causes dielectric breakdown and forms a discharge path. After that, the discharge lamp lighting device 530 supplies a driving current to maintain discharge of the discharge lamp 540. In this embodiment, a discharge lamp lighting device having the same configuration as discharge lamp lighting device 10 described with reference to
The liquid crystal panels 560R, 560G and 560B modulate the luminance of color light beams that become incident on the respective liquid crystal panels in accordance with the driving signals 572R, 572G and 572B corresponding to their respective image signals.
A CPU 580 controls operations from the lighting start to the light-out of the projector. When the power of the projector is turned on and the output voltage of the DC power source 520 reaches a predetermined value, the CPU 580 generates and supplies a lighting signal 582 to the discharge lamp lighting device 530. The CPU 580 may receive lighting information 532 of the discharge lamp 540 from the discharge lamp lighting device 530.
In the projector 500 having such a configuration, flicker of the discharge lamp 540 can be restrained while heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp 540 is reduced. Therefore, a projector having the discharge lamp 540 with a longer life can be realized.
Modifications
A flicker detecting unit that detects flicker in accordance with the light quantity of the discharge lamp may be additionally included in the above exemplary configuration of the projector. The control unit 40 of the discharge lamp lighting device 530 may carry out repair control based on flicker detection timing of the flicker detecting unit.
In this modification, the flicker detecting unit that detects flicker in accordance with the light quantity of the discharge lamp is included in the projector. However, the flicker detecting unit may be included in the discharge lamp lighting device 530.
The flicker detecting unit may be realized, for example, by combining the control unit 40, a light quantity sensor arranged near the liquid crystal panels 560R, 560G and 560B or near the screen 700, and a camera that picks up an image of a video projected on the screen 700.
In this case, for example, the control unit 40 may determine that flicker is generated in the discharge lamp 540 if the light quantity of the discharge lamp 540 falls below a predetermined value.
The control unit 40 may also determine that the electrode which serves as the cathode in flicker detection timing is the flicker generating electrode.
In the projector 500 with such a configuration, flicker in the discharge lamp 540 can be restrained while heat load on the electrodes of the discharge lamp 540 can be further reduced. Therefore, a projector having the discharge lamp 540 with a longer life can be realized.
In the above embodiments, the projector having three liquid crystal panels is used as an example. However, the invention is not limited to this and can be applied to a projector having one, two, or four or more liquid crystal panels.
In the above embodiments, the transmission-type projector is used as an example. However, the invention is not limited to this and can be applied to a reflection-type projector. Here, the “transmission-type” refers to a type in which an electro-optical modulation device as a light modulating unit transmits light like a transmission-type liquid crystal panel. The “reflection-type” refers to a type in which an electro-optical modulation device as a light modulating unit reflects light like a reflection-type liquid crystal panel or micromirror-type light modulation device. As a micromirror-type modulation device, for example, DMD (Digital Micromirror Device, trademark of Texas Instruments) can be used. Also in the case where the invention is applied to a reflection-type projector, the similar effects as a transmission-type projector can be achieved.
The invention can also be applied to a front projection-type projector that projects a projection image from the observing side, and to a rear projection-type projector that projects a projection image from the opposite side of the observing side.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
The invention includes substantially the same configuration as the configuration described in the embodiments (for example, a configuration that realize the same function, method and result, or a configuration that realizes the same purpose and effect). The invention also includes the configuration described in the embodiments but in which unessential parts are replaced. The invention also includes a configuration that realizes the same functional effect or the same purpose as the configuration described in the embodiment. The invention also includes the configuration described in the embodiments with a traditional technique added thereto.
The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-071834, filed Mar. 19, 2008 is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008-071834 | Mar 2008 | JP | national |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20090237624 A1 | Sep 2009 | US |
