Certain embodiments of the present invention relate to a display device and a forming device.
In the related art, a forming device has been known which forms a metal pipe by heating a metal pipe material and by supplying gas into the heated metal pipe material to expand the heated metal pipe material. For example, in the related art, a forming device including a forming die including a lower die and an upper die paired with each other, a gas supply unit that supplies gas into a metal pipe material held in the forming die, and a heating unit that heats the metal pipe material through energization heating is disclosed.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device for a forming device that forms a heated metal material using a metal member. The display device proposes and displays a variable parameter that is adjustable.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming device that forms a heated metal material using a metal member. The forming device simultaneously forms a plurality of the metal materials, and the forming device includes a magnetic force adjusting member that adjusts magnetic forces acting on the plurality of metal materials.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming device including the display device according to the one aspect.
In such a forming device of the related art, the metal pipe material is energized and heated to bring the metal pipe material into a high-temperature state. When the metal pipe material is energized and heated, a magnetic field is generated around the metal pipe material. In this case, a force acts to bring the lower die and the metal pipe material close to each other, and a force acts to bring the upper die and the metal pipe material close to each other. Here, a force of pulling to one die increases depending on a positional relationship between the lower die, the upper die, and the metal pipe material. In this case, deformation such as bending is generated in the metal pipe material that is heated and likely to be deformed, and the deformation may need to be prevented, or conversely, the metal pipe material may need to be formed in a desired shape using the deformation. In consideration of these matters, the disposing of a metal material such as a metal pipe material at an appropriate position with respect to metal members used for forming has been required.
It is desirable to provide a display device and a forming device that allow a metal material to be disposed at an appropriate position.
Such a display device proposes and displays the variable parameter that is adjustable. Accordingly, when the variable parameter is adjusted based on contents proposed by a user, the metal material can be disposed at a position at which the influence of a magnetic force is reduced. Accordingly, the metal material can be disposed at an appropriate position.
The variable parameter may be a parameter that affects a magnetic force acting on the metal material. Accordingly, the magnetic force on the metal material can be easily adjusted by adjusting the variable parameter.
The variable parameter may be a value of a current that energizes the metal material when the metal material is heated. A magnetic force on the metal material can be adjusted by adjusting the value of the current.
The forming device may simultaneously form a plurality of the metal materials, and the variable parameter may be a distance between the metal materials. Accordingly, magnetic forces acting on the metal materials can be adjusted.
The forming device may simultaneously form a plurality of the metal materials. A magnetic force adjusting member that adjusts magnetic forces acting on the metal materials may be disposed between the metal materials. The variable parameter may be a distance between the magnetic force adjusting member and the metal material. Accordingly, the magnetic force adjusting member is capable of adjusting the magnetic forces acting on the metal materials such that deformation of the metal materials is suppressed.
Such a forming device includes the magnetic force adjusting member that adjusts magnetic forces acting on the plurality of metal materials. Accordingly, the magnetic force adjusting member is capable of adjusting the magnetic forces acting on the metal materials such that deformation of the metal materials is suppressed. With the above configuration, the metal materials can be disposed at appropriate positions.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Incidentally, in the drawings, the same portions or equivalent portions are denoted by the same reference signs, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.
The forming die 2 is a die that forms the metal pipe material 40 into a metal pipe, and includes a lower die 11 (first die) and an upper die 12 (second die) facing each other in an up-down direction. Each of the lower die 11 and the upper die 12 are formed of a steel block. Each of the lower die 11 and the upper die 12 is provided with a recessed portion that accommodates the metal pipe material 40. In a state where the lower die 11 and the upper die 12 are in close contact with each other (die closed state), the recessed portions form a space having a target shape in which the metal pipe material has to be formed. Therefore, a surface of each of the recessed portions serves as a forming surface of the forming die 2. The lower die 11 is fixed to a base stage 13 via a die holder or the like. The upper die 12 is fixed to a slide of the drive mechanism 3 via a die holder or the like.
The drive mechanism 3 is a mechanism that moves at least one of the lower die 11 and the upper die 12. In
The holding unit 4 is a mechanism that holds the metal pipe material 40 to be disposed between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12. The holding unit 4 includes a lower electrode 26 and an upper electrode 27 that hold the metal pipe material 40 on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the forming die 2, and a lower electrode 26 and an upper electrode 27 that hold the metal pipe material 40 on the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the forming die 2. The lower electrodes 26 and the upper electrodes 27 on both sides in the longitudinal direction interpose the vicinities of end portions of the metal pipe material 40 in the up-down direction to hold the metal pipe material 40. Incidentally, groove portions having a shape corresponding to an outer peripheral surface of the metal pipe material 40 are formed in an upper surface of the lower electrode 26 and a lower surface of the upper electrode 27, respectively. The lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 are provided with a drive mechanism (not illustrated), and are movable independently in the up-down direction.
The heating unit 5 heats the metal pipe material 40. The heating unit 5 is a mechanism that energizes the metal pipe material 40 to heat the metal pipe material 40. The heating unit 5 heats the metal pipe material 40 between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12 in a state where the metal pipe material 40 is separated from the lower die 11 and the upper die 12. The heating unit 5 includes the lower electrodes 26 and the upper electrodes 27 on both sides in the longitudinal direction described above, and a power source 28 that causes a current to flow to the metal pipe material via the electrodes 26 and 27.
The fluid supply unit 6 is a mechanism that supplies a high-pressure fluid into the metal pipe material 40 held between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12. The fluid supply unit 6 expands the metal pipe material 40 by supplying a high-pressure fluid into the metal pipe material 40 that is heated into a high-temperature state by the heating unit 5. The fluid supply units 6 are provided on both end sides of the forming die 2 in the longitudinal direction. The fluid supply unit 6 includes a nozzle 31 that supplies a fluid from an opening portion of the end portion of the metal pipe material 40 into the metal pipe material 40; a drive mechanism 32 that causes the nozzle 31 to advance and retreat with respect to the opening portion of the metal pipe material 40; and a supply source 33 that supplies a high-pressure fluid into the metal pipe material 40 via the nozzle 31. The drive mechanism 32 brings the nozzle 31 into close contact with the end portion of the metal pipe material 40 in a state where sealing is secured during supply of the fluid and during exhausting of the fluid, and separates the nozzle 31 from the end portion of the metal pipe material 40 at other times. Incidentally, the fluid supply unit 6 may supply gas such as high-pressure air or an inert gas as the fluid.
The cooling unit 7 is a mechanism that cools the forming die 2. The cooling unit 7 cools the forming die 2 and thus is capable of rapidly cooling the metal pipe material 40 when the expanded metal pipe material 40 comes into contact with the forming surface of the forming die 2. The cooling unit 7 includes flow paths 36 formed inside the lower die 11 and the upper die 12, and a water circulation mechanism 37 that supplies cooling water to the flow paths 36 and circulates the cooling water therethrough.
The controller 8 is a device that controls an entirety of the forming device 1. The controller 8 controls the drive mechanism 3, the holding unit 4, the heating unit 5, the fluid supply unit 6, and the cooling unit 7. The controller 8 repeatedly performs an operation of forming the metal pipe material 40 with the forming die 2.
Specifically, the controller 8 controls conveyance means such as robot arm to dispose the metal pipe material 40 between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12 that are in an open state. Alternatively, the controller 8 may wait for a worker to dispose manually the metal pipe material 40 between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12. In addition, the controller 8 controls an actuator of the holding unit 4 and the like such that the metal pipe material 40 is supported by the lower electrodes 26 on both sides in the longitudinal direction and thereafter, the upper electrodes 27 are lowered to interpose the metal pipe material 40 between the upper electrodes 27 and the lower electrodes 26. In addition, the controller 8 controls the heating unit 5 to energize and heat the metal pipe material 40. Accordingly, a current flows through the metal pipe material 40 in an axial direction, and the metal pipe material 40 itself generates heat because of Joule heat caused by electric resistance of the metal pipe material 40 itself.
The controller 8 controls the drive mechanism 3 such that the upper die 12 is lowered close to the lower die 11 to close the forming die 2. On the other hand, the controller 8 controls the fluid supply unit 6 to seal the opening portions at both ends of the metal pipe material 40 with the nozzle 31 and to supply the fluid. Accordingly, the metal pipe material 40 softened by heating expands and comes into contact with the forming surface of the forming die 2. Then, the metal pipe material 40 is formed according to the shape of the forming surface of the forming die 2. Incidentally, when a metal pipe with a flange is formed, a part of the metal pipe material 40 is entered into a gap between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12, and then die closing is further performed and the entered portion is crushed to forma flange portion. When the metal pipe material 40 comes into contact with the forming surface, the metal pipe material 40 is rapidly cooled by the forming die 2 cooled by the cooling unit 7, so that the metal pipe material 40 is quenched.
Next, a configuration of the forming device 1 will be described in further detail with reference to
As illustrated in
Both of the lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 are rectangular flat plate-shaped electrodes, each of which is formed by interposing a plate-shaped conductor between insulating plates. A semicircular groove portion is formed in each of a central upper end portion of the lower electrode 26 and a central lower end portion of the upper electrode 27 so as to penetrate vertically through a flat plate surface. Then, when the lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 are disposed on the same plane and an upper end portion of the lower electrode 26 and a lower end portion of the upper electrode 27 are brought into close contact with each other, the semicircular groove portions are combined together to form a circular through-hole. The circular through-hole has the reference line SL1 as a center line, and substantially coincides in outer diameter with the end portion of the metal pipe material 40. When the metal pipe material 40 is energized, the end portion of the metal pipe material 40 is gripped by the lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 in a state where the end portion is fitted to the circular through-hole. In this case, inner peripheral surfaces 26a and 27a of the groove portions of the plate-shaped conductors of the lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 are contact surfaces with respect to the metal pipe material 40, and are energized surfaces (refer to also
The electrode mounting unit 51 includes a lifting frame 54 to which a lifting motion along a direction vertical to an upper surface of the unit base 53 is imparted by the lifting unit 52; a lower electrode frame 56 provided in the lifting frame 54 to hold the lower electrode 26; and an upper electrode frame 57 provided above the lower electrode frame 56 to hold the upper electrode 27. The electrode frames 56 and 57 each include an actuator and a guide mechanism (not illustrated), and is configured to be slidable in the axial direction and the lifting direction with respect to the unit base 53 in a state where the electrode frames 56 and 57 hold the electrodes 26 and 27, respectively. Therefore, each of the electrode frames 56 and 57 functions as a part of a drive mechanism 60 that moves each of the electrodes 26 and 27.
The nozzle 31 is a cylindrical member into which the end portion of the metal pipe material 40 can be inserted. The nozzle 31 is supported by the drive mechanism 32 such that a center line of the nozzle 31 coincides with the reference line SL1. An inner diameter of an end portion (referred to as a feed port 31a (refer to
The drive mechanism 32 is mounted on the lifting unit 52. Therefore, when the lifting unit 52 makes a lifting motion, the drive mechanism 32 is raised and lowered integrally with the electrode mounting unit 51. The drive mechanism 32 supports the nozzle 31 at a position at which the end portion of the metal pipe material 40 and the nozzle 31 are concentric with each other in a state where the lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 of the electrode mounting unit 51 grip the end portion of the metal pipe material 40.
The drive mechanism 32 includes a hydraulic cylinder mechanism as a nozzle-moving actuator that moves the nozzle 31 along the axial direction. The hydraulic cylinder mechanism includes a piston 61 (one example of a support portion) that holds the nozzle 31, and a cylinder 62 that causes the piston 61 to advance and retreat. The cylinder 62 is fixed to the lifting frame 54 in a direction in which the piston 61 advances and retreats parallel to the axial direction. The cylinder 62 is connected to a hydraulic circuit (not illustrated), and a pressure oil that is a working fluid is supplied into and discharged from the cylinder 62. The hydraulic circuit is controlled by the controller 8 to supply and discharge the pressure oil into and from the cylinder 62.
The piston 61 includes a main body 61a housed inside the cylinder 62; a head portion 61b protruding outward from a left end portion (lower electrode 26 and upper electrode 27 side) of the cylinder 62; and a pipe-shaped portion 61c protruding outward from a rear end portion of the cylinder 62. All of the main body 61a, the head portion 61b, and the pipe-shaped portion 61c have a cylindrical shape, and are concentrically and integrally formed. An outer diameter of the main body 61a substantially coincides with an inner diameter of the cylinder 62. Then, hydraulic pressures are supplied to both sides of the main body 61a to cause the piston 61 to advance and retreat inside the cylinder 62. The nozzle 31 is concentrically fixed and mounted on a tip portion of the head portion 61b. A flow path 63 for compressed gas is formed in the nozzle 31 and the piston 61 at the position of the reference line SL1 so as to penetrate therethrough over the total length thereof.
The lifting unit 52 includes a lifting frame base 64 attached to the upper surface of the unit base 53, and a lifting actuator 66 that imparts a lifting motion to the lifting frame 54 of the electrode mounting unit 51 via the lifting frame base 64. The lifting frame base 64 supports the lifting frame 54 so as to be liftable with respect to the upper surface of the unit base 53 in the lifting direction. The lifting frame base 64 includes guide portions 64a and 64b that guide the lifting motion of the lifting frame 54 with respect to the unit base 53. The lifting actuator 66 is a linear actuator that imparts a driving force to the lifting frame 54 with respect to the unit base 53, and for example, a hydraulic cylinder or the like can be used. Incidentally, the lifting unit 52 functions as a part of the drive mechanism 60 of the holding unit 4.
The unit base 53 is a rectangular plate-shaped block in a plan view that supports the electrode mounting unit 51 and the drive mechanism 32 on the upper surface thereof via the lifting unit 52. The unit base 53 is attached to an upper surface of the base stage 13 (refer to
Next, control contents of the forming die 2 and the controller 8 will be described in further detail with reference to
As illustrated in
The controller 8 is capable of controlling a positional relationship between the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 at a timing the metal pipe material 40 is input into the forming die 2 and during heating by transmitting control signals to the drive source 24 of the drive mechanism 3, the drive mechanism 60 of the holding unit 4, and the power source 28 of the heating unit 5. Therefore, the drive mechanism 3, the holding unit 4 (and the drive mechanism 60 thereof), and the controller 8 function as position adjusting unit that adjusts the position of the metal pipe material 40. The position adjusting unit adjusts the position of the metal pipe material 40 based on magnetic forces generated in a relationship of the forming die 2 to the metal pipe material 40. Incidentally, in the specification, “adjusting the position” of the metal pipe material 40 means adjusting the relative position of the metal pipe material 40 with respect to the forming die 2. Incidentally, the controller 8 includes a processor, a memory, a storage, a communication interface, and a user interface, and is configured as a general computer. The processor is an arithmetic and logic unit such as a central processing unit (CPU). The memory is a storage medium such as a read only memory (ROM) or random access memory (RAM). The storage is a storage medium such as a hard disk drive (HDD). The communication interface is a communication device that realizes data communication. The processor assumes overall control of the memory, the storage, the communication interface, and the user interface, and realizes functions to be described later. The controller 8 loads a program, which is stored in the ROM, into the RAM, and causes the CPU to execute the program loaded into the RAM to realize various functions. The controller 8 may be formed of a plurality of computers.
Here, the controller 8 is capable of causing the position of the metal pipe material 40 to be adjusted based on magnetic forces generated in the relationship between the forming die 2 and the metal pipe material 40 at a timing the metal pipe material 40 is heated by the heating unit 5. The controller 8 causes the position of the metal pipe material 40 to be adjusted such that magnetic forces on the metal pipe material 40 are balanced. The controller 8 is capable of controlling the positional relationship between the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 in consideration of an influence of a magnetic field generated around the metal pipe material 40 at a timing the metal pipe material 40 is heated by the heating unit 5. Namely, when energization heating causes a current to flow through the metal pipe material 40 in the axial direction, a magnetic field formed by a magnetic flux ML around the center line is generated around the metal pipe material 40 (refer to
On the other hand, the influence between the metal pipe material 40 and the lower die 11 and between the metal pipe material 40 and the upper die 12 is small at times other than the timing the metal pipe material 40 is heated by the heating unit 5. Therefore, the controller 8 performs control such that the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 are disposed at a second position P2 (refer to
For example, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
The first position P1 will be described in further detail with reference to
In the present embodiment, since the metal pipe material 40 has a vertically symmetrical shape, the forming surface 46 and the forming surface 48 also have shapes that are vertically symmetrical to each other. Therefore, the separation distance of the lower die 11 from the metal pipe material 40 and the separation distance of the upper die 12 from the metal pipe material 40 are substantially the same at the first position P1. In this state, a separation distance of the upper surface 46c of the lower die 11 from a reference line SL2 that is horizontal and passes through a center of gravity GP of the metal pipe material 40, and a separation distance of the lower surface 48c of the upper die 12 from the reference line SL2 are substantially the same. In addition, in this state, a separation distance of the bottom surface 46a of the lower die 11 from the reference line SL2 and a separation distance of the bottom surface 48a of the upper die 12 from the reference line SL2 are substantially the same. In addition, in this state, a separation distance of a location at which the lower die 11 and the metal pipe material 40 are closest to each other and a separation distance of a location at which the upper die 12 and the metal pipe material 40 are closest to each other are substantially the same. However, at the first position P1, the forces F1 and F2 may be balanced, and the separation distance of the lower die 11 from the metal pipe material 40 and the separation distance of the upper die 12 from the metal pipe material 40 do not necessarily have to be strictly the same, and one of the separation distances may be larger than the other.
The controller 8 acquires position information of the first position P1 at which the forces F1 and F2 are balanced. The controller 8 controls the drive source 24 based on the acquired position information. The position information is acquired by analyzing magnetic fields between the metal pipe material 40 and the lower die 11 and between the metal pipe material 40 and the upper die 12. In the magnetic field analysis, a distribution of a magnetic field generated around the metal pipe material 40 and a positional relationship between the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 are analyzed to compute what positional relationship reduces the difference between the magnitudes of the force F1 and the force F2 acting on the metal pipe material 40. Incidentally, such a magnetic field analysis may be executed in advance before forming in the forming device 1 is started. In this case, position information of the first position P1 obtained from a result of the magnetic field analysis obtained in advance is stored in a storage unit of the controller 8. When the controller 8 controls the drive source 24, the controller 8 reads out the position information of the first position P1 from the storage unit. Alternatively, the controller 8 may actually cause a magnetic field to be measured, the magnetic field being generated around the metal pipe material 40, and perform a magnetic field analysis based on the measurement result.
Incidentally, the force F1 generated between the lower die 11 and the metal pipe material 40 and the force F2 generated between the upper die 12 and the metal pipe material 40 may have strictly the same magnitude at the first position P1. Namely, even in a case where one of the force F1 and the force F2 is larger than the other, when a difference therebetween is within an allowable range set in advance, it can be considered that the force F1 and the force F2 are in a balanced state.
Next, a procedure of a forming method to be performed by the forming device 1 will be described with reference to
Next, the controller 8 acquires position information of the first position P1 (step S40). Next, the controller 8 controls the position of each component such that the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 are located at the first position P1, based on the position information acquired in step S40 (step S50). In step S50, the controller 8 causes the upper die 12 to be lowered to bring the upper die 12 to the metal pipe material 40 (refer to
Next, the controller 8 causes the forming die 2 to be closed, and causes the fluid supply unit 6 to supply a fluid to the metal pipe material 40 to perform blow forming (step S70). In step S70, the controller 8 causes the main cavity portion MC to form the pipe portion 43, and causes a portion corresponding to the flange portion 44 to enter the subcavity portion SC (refer to
Next, actions and effects of the forming device 1 will be described.
The forming device 1 includes the forming die 2 that is a metal member used to form the metal pipe material 40 which is a metal material, and the holding unit 4 that adjusts the position of the metal pipe material 40. During forming, when the holding unit 4 disposes the metal pipe material 40 close to the forming die 2, there is a possibility that magnetic forces are generated in a relationship of the forming die 2 to the metal pipe material 40. In this situation, the holding unit 4 adjusts the position of the metal pipe material 40 based on the magnetic forces generated in the relationship between the forming die 2 and the metal pipe material 40. Accordingly, the forming device 1 allows the metal pipe material 40 to be disposed at an appropriate position with respect to the forming die 2 used for forming.
The holding unit 4 adjusts the position of the metal pipe material 40 such that the magnetic forces on the metal pipe material 40 are balanced. Accordingly, bending of the metal pipe material caused by the magnetic forces can be suppressed.
The forming device 1 includes the forming die 2 including the lower die 11 and the upper die 12, and the heating unit 5 that energizes the metal pipe material 40 to heat the metal pipe material 40. Therefore, when the metal pipe material 40 is energized and heated by the heating unit 5, the force F1 is generated between the lower die 11 and the metal pipe material 40, and the force F2 is generated between the upper die 12 and the metal pipe material 40 because of the influence of a magnetic field generated around the metal pipe material 40. For example, as a comparative example, when energization heating is performed at the second position P2 as illustrated in
On the other hand, in the forming device 1, the controller 8 causes the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 to be disposed at the first position P1 at which the force F1 generated between the lower die 11 and the metal pipe material 40 and the force F2 generated between the upper die 12 and the metal pipe material 40 are balanced, and causes the heating unit 5 to heat the metal pipe material 40 at the first position P1. Therefore, a defect can be reduced which is generated because of the metal pipe material 40 being pulled to one die when the heating unit 5 performs energization heating.
The controller 8 causes the lower die 11, the upper die 12, the metal pipe material 40 to be disposed at the second position P2 at which a positional relationship is established in which the metal pipe material 40 is disposed between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12 and which is different from the positional relationship at the first position P1. In this case, in processes other than the energization heating, the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 can be disposed at a position suitable for each of the processes. For example, in a process of inputting the metal pipe material 40 between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12, the upper die 12 can be separated upward such that the metal pipe material 40 is easily disposed on the lower electrodes 26.
At the second position P2, the upper die 12 is disposed at a position farther from the metal pipe material 40 than the position of the lower die 11, and the controller 8 may set the first position P1 such that the upper die 12 is closer to the metal pipe material 40 at the first position P1 than at the second position P2. Accordingly, the controller 8 is capable of causing the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 to be disposed at the first position P1 simply by causing the upper die 12 to be close to the metal pipe material 40 without requiring to control the electrodes 26 and 27 and the like.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
In the above-described embodiment, the metal pipe material is a straight pipe extending straight in the longitudinal direction, but a two-dimensionally bent pipe or a three-dimensionally bent pipe may be adopted. In addition, the outer shape of a cross section of the metal pipe material is a circular shape, but the shape is not particularly limited and may be an elliptical shape, a flat shape, or a polygonal shape. Even when the metal pipe material has such a shape, a position at which the positional relationship is established such that the force F1 and the force F2 acting on the metal pipe material 40 are balanced is defined as the first position P1.
In the above-described embodiment, only the upper die 12 is moved during a shift from the second position P2 to the first position P1. Instead thereof or in addition thereto, the motion of the electrodes 26 and 27 may be controlled to move the metal pipe material 40 upward or to move the lower die 11 downward. Alternatively, the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material may be complexly moved to be shifted from the second position P2 to the first position P1.
The holding unit 4 may include a rotating mechanism 110 that rotates the metal pipe material 40 between the lower die 11 and the upper die 12. For example, the rotating mechanism 110 as illustrated in
The rotating mechanism 110 is capable of rotating the metal pipe material 40 by rotating the rotary wheel frame 120 after the metal pipe material 40 is gripped by the electrodes 26 and 27. Incidentally, energization heating may be started after the rotation of the rotary wheel frame 120 is completed, but energization heating may be started during rotation and the rotation may be completed before the material is softened. Incidentally, the rotating speed of the rotary wheel frame 120 is approximately 1 to 90°/sec.
In such a manner, the rotating mechanism 110 is capable of balancing the force F1 generated between the lower die 11 and the metal pipe material 40 and the force F2 generated between the upper die 12 and the metal pipe material 40 by rotating the metal pipe material 40. The rotating mechanism 110 can be effectively used when the metal pipe material 40 is bent in the longitudinal direction or when the cross-sectional shape thereof is a shape other than a circular shape.
As illustrated in
Incidentally, in the above-described embodiment, the fluid supply unit 6 supplies gas as a fluid, but may supply a liquid.
In the above-described embodiment, the forming die 2 is formed of the lower die 11 and the upper die 12, but may further include a die from a lateral side. In addition, the longitudinal direction of the forming die 2 is the horizontal direction, but is not particularly limited and a direction inclined with respect to the horizontal direction or a vertical direction may be adopted as the longitudinal direction.
In the above-described embodiment, the holding unit 4 adjusts the position of the metal pipe material 40 such that magnetic forces on the metal pipe material 40 are balanced. Instead thereof, the holding unit 4 may adjust the position of the metal pipe material 40 such that magnetic forces on the metal material are not balanced. In this case, the magnetic forces act on the metal pipe material 40 in such a way to be biased in one direction. Accordingly, the metal pipe material 40 can be bent in a desired direction. For example, the holding unit 4 disposes the lower die 11, the upper die 12, and the metal pipe material 40 at a position at which the force F1 generated between the lower die 11 and the metal pipe material 40 and the force F2 generated between the upper die 12 and the metal pipe material 40 are not balanced, and the heating unit 5 heats the metal pipe material 40 at the position. In this case, when the position is adjusted such that the force F1 is increased, the metal pipe material 40 can be bent upward. When the position is adjusted such that the force F2 is increased, the metal pipe material 40 can be bent downward.
In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the metal pipe material has been provided as an example of the metal material, but is not limited thereto. For example, a metal plate material or the like may be adopted as the metal material. In addition, the forming die has been provided as an example of a metal member that generates a magnetic force between the metal material and the metal member, but is not limited thereto. For example, as the metal member in which the generation of a magnetic force considered, a magnetic force may be considered which is generated in a relationship of a pin that supports the metal material to a shield member (made of iron) that prevents pipe fragments from flying during forming of a flange.
A forming device 200 illustrated in
The display device 250 is a device that displays various information regarding the forming device 200. The display device 250 may be formed of an operation panel provided for the forming device 200, or may be formed of another PC.
Here, one example of display contents of the display device 250 will be described with reference to
Specifically, as illustrated in
Here, since the “pipe diameter” and the “plate thickness” are dimensions set in advance when a desired forming product is formed, “pipe diameter” and the “plate thickness” are treated as non-variable parameters. On the other hand, the “current value”, the “pipe spacing”, the “upper die spacing”, and the “lower die spacing” are classified into non-variable parameters and variable parameters depending on scene and condition. For example, during planning of the forming die 2, all of the “current value”, the “pipe spacing”, the “upper die spacing”, and the “lower die spacing” can be treated as variable parameters. For example, when the planning of the forming die 2 is completed and a trial operation is performed, the “current value”, the “upper die spacing”, and the “lower die spacing” can be treated as variable parameters. The “pipe spacing” needs to be treated as a non-variable parameter.
The display device 250 displays non-variable parameters and variable parameters in a visually distinguishable manner. In the examples illustrated in
As described above, even when a parameter can be treated as a variable parameter depending on scene, the display device 250 is capable of displaying the parameter as a non-variable parameter according to a setting by a user. For example, in the example illustrated in
In
As described above, the display device 250 proposes and displays variable parameters. Namely, the display device 250 inserts values, which can prevent plastic deformation of the metal pipe material 40, into variable parameter frames when non-variable parameters are set to determined values. These values may be computed by the controller 8 (refer to
In addition, in
One example of a proposed content of a variable parameter will be described. A description will be given on the premise that the pipe spacing is a variable parameter and other parameters are non-variable parameters. Specifically, “pipe diameter=60.5 mm”, “plate thickness=1.2 mm”, and “current value=9,000 A”. In addition, the target heating temperature is set to 800° C. The Young's modulus of the metal pipe material 40 at 800° C. is 50,000 (N/mm2). In consideration of the model illustrated in
Specifically, when the pipe spacing is set to 200 mm (refer to
Incidentally, the display device 250 may change parameters displayed as non-variable parameters to variable parameters, and accept an input from a user. For example, in the example illustrated in
As described above, the display device 250 proposes and displays variable parameters that are adjustable. Accordingly, when variable parameters are adjusted based on contents proposed by a user, the metal pipe material 40 can be disposed at a position at which the influence of magnetic forces is reduced. Namely, a user can easily and finely adjust the disposition of each component in the field with reference to values proposed by the display device 250. Accordingly, the metal pipe material 40 can be disposed at an appropriate position.
The variable parameter is a parameter that affects a magnetic force acting on the metal material. Accordingly, the magnetic force on the metal pipe material 40 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the variable parameter.
The variable parameter may be a value of a current that energizes the metal pipe material 40 when the metal pipe material 40 is heated. A magnetic force on the metal pipe material can be adjusted by adjusting the value of the current.
The forming device 200 may simultaneously form a plurality of the metal pipe materials 40, and the variable parameter may be a distance between the metal pipe materials 40. Accordingly, magnetic forces acting on the metal pipe materials 40 can be adjusted.
A forming device 300 illustrated in
The forming device 300 includes the magnetic force adjusting members 301 that adjust magnetic forces acting on the plurality of metal pipe materials 40. Accordingly, the magnetic force adjusting members 301 are capable of adjusting the magnetic forces acting on the metal pipe materials 40 such that deformation of the metal pipe materials 40 is suppressed. With the above configuration, the metal pipe materials 40 can be disposed at appropriate positions.
One example of disposition of the magnetic force adjusting member 301 will be described with reference to
In addition, as illustrated in
Incidentally, when four metal pipe materials 40 are arranged, as illustrated in
Incidentally, since
The forming device 300 illustrated in
Incidentally, in the case of internal heating, since the magnetic force adjusting member 301 is disposed in the vicinity of the forming die 2, the magnetic force adjusting member 301 does not need to be configured not to interfere with the forming die 2, the holders, or the like upon die closing. For example, a groove portion may be formed to accommodate the magnetic force adjusting member 301 upon die closing. A drive mechanism may be provided to retract the magnetic force adjusting member 301 upon die closing.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming device that forms a metal material, the device including: a metal member used to form the heated metal material, and a position adjusting unit that adjusts a position of the metal material. The position adjusting unit adjusts the position of the metal material based on magnetic forces generated in a relationship of the metal member to the metal material.
Such a forming device includes the metal member used to form the metal material, and the position adjusting unit that adjusts the position of the metal material. When the metal material is disposed close to the metal member during forming, the position adjusting unit may generate magnetic forces in the relationship of the metal member to the metal material. In this situation, the position adjusting unit adjusts the position of the metal material based on the magnetic forces generated in the relationship of the metal member to the metal material. Accordingly, the forming device allows the metal material to be disposed at an appropriate position with respect to the metal member used for forming.
The position adjusting unit may adjust the position of the metal material such that the magnetic forces on the metal material are balanced. Accordingly, bending of the metal material caused by the magnetic forces can be suppressed.
The position adjusting unit may adjust the position of the metal material such that the magnetic forces on the metal material are not balanced. In this case, the magnetic forces act on the metal material in such a way to be biased in one direction. Accordingly, the metal material can be bent in a desired direction.
A forming device that forms a metal pipe material including:
a forming die including a first die and a second die that form the metal pipe material;
a heating unit that energizes the metal pipe material to heat the metal pipe material;
a holding unit that holds the metal pipe material between the first die and the second die; and
a controller that controls operation of the forming die, the heating unit, and the holding unit.
in which the controller causes the first die, the second die, and the metal pipe material to be disposed at a first position at which a force generated between the first die and the metal pipe material and a force generated between the second die and the metal pipe material are balanced, and causes the heating unit to heat the metal pipe material at the first position.
The forming device according to the first aspect, in which the controller causes the first die, the second die, and the metal pipe material to be disposed at a second position at which a positional relationship is established in which the metal pipe material is disposed between the first die and the second die and which is different from a positional relationship at the first position.
The forming device according to the first or second aspect, in which the holding unit includes a rotating mechanism that rotates the metal pipe material between the first die and the second die.
The forming device according to the second aspect, in which at the second position, the second die is disposed at a position farther from the metal pipe material than a position of the first die, and
the controller sets the first position such that the second die is closer to the metal pipe material at the first position than at the second position.
The forming device according to the first aspect, in which the holding unit includes a robot arm that moves the metal pipe material to a space between the first die and the second die from an outside of the forming die,
the robot arm includes the heating unit that heats the metal pipe material in a state where the metal pipe material is held, and
the robot arm disposes the metal pipe material at the first position.
It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but may be modified into various forms on the basis of the spirit of the invention. Additionally, the modifications are included in the scope of the invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2019-149145 | Aug 2019 | JP | national |
The contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-149145, and of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2020/030479, on the basis of each of which priority benefits are claimed in an accompanying application data sheet, are in their entirety incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | PCT/JP2020/030479 | Aug 2020 | US |
Child | 17565035 | US |