Patent Application
20190171319
The following disclosure relates to a display device with a built-in touch sensor and a drive method thereof, and more particularly, to a display device with a built-in touch sensor where a common electrode for image display is used also as a sensor electrode (touch detection electrode), and a drive method thereof.
A touch panel is attracting attention as an input device for performing operation at a computer system or the like. For example, in an electrostatic capacitance type touch panel, a position of a detection target object, such as a finger of a user (operator) or a touch pen, is detected based on a change in electrostatic capacitance. Such a touch panel is conventionally used by being superimposed on a display panel such as a liquid crystal panel. Such a touch panel which is superimposed on a display panel is referred to as an “out-cell touch panel”. For example, an out-cell touch panel has a sensor pattern as shown in
However, an out-cell touch panel has problems that weight and thickness of an entire device configured of a display panel and a touch panel are increased, and that power necessary to drive the touch panel is increased. Accordingly, in recent years, a display device having a configuration where a display panel and a touch panel are integrated is being developed. In such a display device, a part that functions as a touch sensor is provided inside the display panel. In the following, such a display device will be referred to as a “display device with a built-in touch sensor”.
Touch panels integrated with display panels are mainly those that are referred to as “on-cell touch panels” and those that are referred to as “in-cell touch panels”. Regarding an on-cell touch panel, a sensor electrode is provided between a polarization plate and one of two glass substrates forming a display panel. Regarding an in-cell touch panel, a sensor electrode is provided on an inside of two glass substrates.
While there are several types of touch panels as described above, the in-cell touch panels are becoming the mainstream in the market in recent years. The in-cell touch panels are expected to be used in various applications. For example, use in mobile phones (particularly, smartphones), tablet terminals, personal computers, amusement devices, in-vehicle devices, industrial appliances, and the like is expected.
For example, the in-cell touch panel has a sensor pattern as shown in
In relation to the present case, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2016-51480 discloses a configuration where a plurality of sensor electrodes are electrically connected in an X-direction and a Y-direction so as to reduce a drive time for touch detection.
However, the in-cell touch panel currently does not achieve sufficient performance. One reason is that sensitivity is insufficient due to adopting in-cell. Sensor sensitivity of an electrostatic capacitance type touch panel is determined depending on a distance between a recognition target object, such as a finger or a pen, and a sensor (sensor electrode). More specifically, as the distance from the sensor to a recognition target object is increased, the sensor sensitivity is more reduced since a signal value of a detection signal is more reduced as shown in
The following three reasons are conceivable as main reasons the sensitivity becomes insufficient due to adopting in-cell. A first reason is that the distance from the sensor to a recognition target object is increased due to adopting in-cell, as described above. A second reason is that the in-cell touch panel cannot adopt high-voltage driving because high-voltage driving greatly affects image display. A third reason is that driving for image display and driving for touch detection have to be performed in a time-divided manner so that the display device and the touch panel do not interfere with each other in the in-cell touch panel, and it is becoming difficult to secure a sufficient time period for touch detection as resolution of the display device is increased.
As described above, the in-cell touch panel cannot achieve sufficient performance due to insufficient sensitivity. Accordingly, there is a strong demand to increase the performance. Particularly, there is a strong demand to increase the performance with respect to a touch panel (in-cell touch panel) which is to be used in an in-vehicle device, an industrial appliance or the like demanding special user specifications. The invention disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2016-51480 is able to reduce a drive time for touch detection and to reduce power consumption, but is insufficient in terms of sensitivity.
Accordingly, realization of a display device, with a built-in touch sensor, which has higher performance than the conventional one is desired.
A display device according to some embodiments is a display device, with a built-in touch sensor, including a display unit where K sensor electrodes for touch detection are arranged in a matrix, where K is an integer of four or more, and a signal processing unit configured to process detection signals obtained from the K sensor electrodes, the display device including:
a segment-size switching unit configured to perform electrical connection and electrical disconnection of sensor electrodes such that a size of a segment made up of one or J sensor electrodes becomes a size depending on an instruction signal, where J is an integer of 2 or more and K or less, the segment serving as a unit of processing the detection signals; and
a position detection processing unit configured to identify a touch position based on an output from the signal processing unit.
According to such a configuration, in a display device with a built-in touch sensor, the size of the segment, which is a unit of processing the detection signal, can be changed. Because a signal value of the detection signal is increased (i.e., sensitivity is increased) as the segment size is increased, a weak detection signal which was conventionally not detected can be detected by increasing the segment size as necessary. Accordingly, a display device with a built-in touch sensor which has higher performance than the conventional one is realized.
These and other objects, features, modes, and advantageous effects of the present invention will be made further apparent from the appended drawings and the detailed description of the present invention given below.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The touch panel control unit 110 includes a switching control unit 111, a touch panel drive unit 112, and a position detection processing unit 113. The touch panel control unit 110 controls operation of the touch panel 115. At this time, the touch panel drive unit 112 supplies a drive signal SD for performing touch detection to the touch panel 115 based on a control signal CTL1 supplied from the display control unit 120. It should be noted that the control signal CTL1 is a signal for causing a process for touch detection to be performed in a period when a process for image display is not being performed (i.e., a signal for controlling a timing). When a detection signal SX as a detection result is supplied from the touch panel 115 to the touch panel control unit 110, a position where a touch was performed on the touch panel 115 is detected by the position detection processing unit 113 based on the detection signal SX. Then, the touch panel control unit 110 supplies a control signal CTL2 to the display control unit 120 such that a process depending on a position where the touch was performed is performed. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, a size of a segment, which is a unit of processing the detection signal SX, can be switched (changed) as described later, and the switching control unit 111 controls switching of the segment size.
The touch panel 115 detects a touch of a recognition target object such as a finger or a glove (more specifically, contact or approach of a recognition target object). A detection timing is determined based on a drive signal SD which is supplied from the touch panel control unit 110. The touch panel 115 supplies a detection signal SX, as a detection result, to the touch panel control unit 110.
For example, physically, an IC 11 having a function of the source driver 130 and a function of the touch panel drive unit 112, an IC 18 for the touch panel, and an IC 19 for display are provided, as shown in
The display unit 150 displays an image under control of the source driver 130 and the gate driver 140. A plurality of source bus lines (video signal lines) SL and a plurality of gate bus lines (scanning signal lines) GL are disposed in the display unit 150. A pixel formation portion forming a pixel is provided at each intersection of the plurality of source bus lines SL and the plurality of gate bus lines GL. That is, the display unit 150 includes a plurality of pixel formation portions. The plurality of pixel formation portions form a pixel matrix.
As the TFT 50 in the display unit 150, a thin film transistor (oxide semiconductor TFT) which uses oxide semiconductor for a semiconductor layer may be adopted, for example. More specifically, a TFT whose channel layer is formed by In-Ga-Zn-O (indium-gallium-zinc-oxide) which is oxide semiconductor whose main components are indium (In), gallium (Ga), zinc (Zn) and oxygen (O) (hereinafter such a TFT will be referred to as “IGZO-TFT”) may be adopted as the TFT 50. The oxide semiconductor has high electron mobility, and thus, by using the oxide semiconductor TFT, such as the IGZO-TFT, the TFT 50 can be miniaturized, and there are advantages of higher definition and increased aperture ratio. Furthermore, because leakage current is reduced, there is an advantage of reduced power consumption. Moreover, a voltage holding ratio of the pixel can be increased. There are various variations with respect to the material of the semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor. In addition to the thin film transistor which uses oxide semiconductor for the semiconductor layer, a thin film transistor which uses amorphous silicon for the semiconductor layer (a-Si TFT), a thin film transistor which uses microcrystalline silicon for the semiconductor layer, a thin film transistor which uses low-temperature polysilicon for the semiconductor layer (LTPS-TFT), and the like may also be adopted.
The display control unit 120 receives image data DAT which is transmitted from outside and the control signal CTL2 which is transmitted from the touch panel control unit 110, and outputs a digital video signal DV, a source control signal SCTL for controlling operation of the source driver 130, and a gate control signal GCTL for controlling operation of the gate driver 140. For example, the source control signal SCTL includes a source start pulse signal, a source clock signal, a latch strobe signal, and the like. The gate control signal GCTL includes a gate start pulse signal, a gate clock signal, and the like.
The source driver 130 applies a drive video signal to each source bus line SL based on the digital video signal DV and the source control signal SCTL which are transmitted from the display control unit 120. At this time, the digital video signal DV indicating a voltage to be applied to each source bus line SL is sequentially held at the source driver 130, at a timing of occurrence of a pulse of the source clock signal. Then, the held digital video signals DV are converted into analog voltages at a timing of occurrence of a pulse of the latch strobe signal. The analog voltages obtained by the conversion are simultaneously applied to all the source bus lines SL as the drive video signals.
The gate driver 140 repeats application of an active scanning signal to each gate bus line GL in a cycle of one vertical scan period, based on the gate control signal GCTL transmitted from the display control unit 120.
In this manner, an image based on the image data DAT transmitted from outside is displayed on the display unit 150 by application of the drive video signals to the source bus lines SL and application of the scanning signals to the gate bus lines GL. Further, when a touch on the touch panel 115 is detected, a process depending on the touch position is performed at the liquid crystal display device.
In the present embodiment, one electrode functions as the common electrode 54 and also as the sensor electrode 12. More specifically, a conventional general common electrode is divided into a matrix as shown in
One end of the touch detection wire 13 is connected to the contact portion 14 formed at the corresponding sensor electrode 12, and the other end of the touch detection wire 13 is connected to the IC 11 through the switch circuit 15. Thereby, the drive signal SD can be supplied from the IC 11 to each sensor electrode 12, and a touch position can be identified based on the detection signal SX.
The switch circuit 15 is configured by a large number of switches for controlling connection relationships between the touch detection wires 13 and the IC 11, and electrically connects or electrically disconnects the sensor electrodes 12 by controlling a state of each switch. A segment size is switched by such electrical connection or electrical disconnection of the sensor electrodes 12. It should be noted that, although the switch circuit 15 is provided outside the IC 11 in the configuration shown in
As shown in
It should be noted that, although constituent elements other than the constituent elements shown in
As described above, the position detection processing unit 113 and the switching control unit 111 are included in the controller 100. The position detection processing unit 113 determines presence or absence of a touch to the sensor electrode 12 provided on the TFT array substrate 10 (more specifically, a segment made up of one or a plurality of sensor electrodes 12) and specifies a touch position, based on outputs from the AFEs 22(1), . . . , 22(n). The switching control unit 111 controls a state of a switch in the switch circuit 15.
In the present embodiment, a self-capacitance method is used as a position detection method. The self-capacitance method is a method of specifying a position of a recognition target object by detecting an increase in electrostatic capacitance which is caused by contact or approach of the recognition target object to the touch panel. Conventionally, in a case where a sensor pattern including a plurality of electrodes which are arranged in a matrix is adopted, a process for touch detection is performed while switching a connection destination of the AFE using a switch. For example, when nine AFEs are provided in a case where 576 sensor electrodes 12 are formed as described above, the process for touch detection is sequentially performed for each of the nine sensor electrodes 12. That is, the nine AFEs are connected to nine sensor electrodes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence in a first touch detection period. In this state, the drive signal SD is supplied to each sensor electrode 12, and presence or absence of a touch to each sensor electrode 12 is determined based on the detection signal SX which is obtained in response. Then, in a next touch detection period, the nine AFEs are connected to nine different sensor electrodes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence. In this state, the drive signal SD is supplied to each sensor electrode 12, and presence or absence of a touch to each sensor electrode 12 is determined based on the detection signal SX which is obtained in response. By repeating such a process, presence or absence of a touch is determined for all the sensor electrodes 12, and a position which is touched is specified.
As described above, a process for touch detection is performed while switching the connection destination of each AFE 22(1), . . . , 22(n). That is, each AFE 22(1), . . . , 22(n) is used in a shared manner as a circuit for processing the detection signals SX obtained from a plurality of sensor electrodes 12. By using the AFE in a shared manner, the size of the IC 11 can be reduced, and the cost is also reduced.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, a signal processing unit is realized by the AFE block 20, and a switching circuit unit is realized by the switch circuit 15.
Generally, accuracy of touch detection is more reduced as the segment size is more increased. However, sensitivity is more increased as the segment size is more increased. In this manner, with respect to changing of the segment size, there is a relationship of trade-off between sensitivity and accuracy. Depending on a use state of a user, high accuracy may not be demanded for touch detection. For example, in the case where a button size prepared by an application is large, accuracy of touch detection is not considered an important element. In view of such an aspect, the present embodiment allows switching (change) of the segment size, as described above.
A size that can be selected as the segment size is prepared in advance for each device. Here, for the sake of convenience, it is assumed that three sizes are prepared as the segment size. The three sizes are referred to as “first to third patterns”. The first pattern is a pattern where each segment is made up of one sensor electrode 12. The second pattern is a pattern where each segment is made up of four (2×2) sensor electrodes 12. The third pattern is a pattern where each segment is made up of nine (3×3) sensor electrodes 12. The segment size is switched between the three patterns as appropriate. In this manner, in the liquid crystal display device with a built-in touch sensor according to the present embodiment, the segment size may be freely switched between sizes which are set in advance.
Switching between three patterns as described above is performed by switching of the connection state between the AFEs 22 and the touch detection wires 13 connected to the sensor electrodes 12 performed in the switch circuit 15. A specific configuration of the switch circuit 15 is not particularly limited, and any configuration is allowed as long as switching of the connection relationship between the K sensor electrodes 12 and the n AFEs 22(1), . . . , 22(n) may be performed so as to realize a segment size which is prepared in advance. For example, a demultiplexer or a multiplexer may be provided in the switch circuit 15 as will be described later in order to perform switching of the connection relationship between the K sensor electrodes 12 and the n AFEs 22(1), . . . , 22(n). With respect to this aspect, a sensor electrode denoted by a reference sign 12(a) in
Operation of the switch circuit 15 as described above is controlled by a switching control signal SWCTL supplied from the switching control unit 111. The switching control unit 111 controls operation of the switch circuit 15 depending on a predetermined instruction signal SI. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, a segment-size switching unit 160 configured to switch the segment size by electrically connecting or electrically disconnecting the sensor electrodes 12 is realized by the switching control unit 111 and the switch circuit 15 (see
As described above, the segment-size switching unit 160 realized by the switching control unit 111 and the switch circuit 15 may dynamically switch the segment size, or may switch the segment size depending on use intended by a user, or may switch the segment size between a plurality of sizes prepared in advance in a time-divided manner.
An example application of switching of the segment size will be described. Specifically, a description will be given of an example of realization of an antenna sensor function for detecting a recognition target object which is at a position (a position at a great distance from the touch panel) further away from a position where detection can be performed by a hovering function. For example, it is assumed that the sensor electrodes 12 are formed in the display unit 150 in the manner shown in
According to the present embodiment, in the liquid crystal display device with a built-in touch sensor, the size of a segment which is a unit of processing for the detection signal SX can be freely switched between sizes which are set in advance. By the way, the relationship between the segment size and the signal value of the detection signal SX is a proportional relationship as shown in
C=ϵ0·ϵr·S/d (1)
From the above, it is grasped that the larger the segment size, the higher the sensitivity of the sensor. Accordingly, a weak detection signal which was not conventionally detected can be detected by increasing the segment size as necessary. Detection using a hovering function and detection of a glove or the like may thus be performed with high accuracy. As described above, according to the present embodiment, a liquid crystal display device with a built-in touch sensor which has higher performance than the conventional one is realized.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the embodiment described above, as the patterns of the segment size, the first pattern where each segment is made up of one sensor electrode 12, the second pattern where each segment is made up of four (2×2) sensor electrodes 12, and the third pattern where each segment is made up of nine (3×3) sensor electrodes 12 are prepared. However, the patterns are not limited thereto. A larger number of patterns may be prepared, or a pattern where the vertical size of each segment is different from the horizontal size of each segment (the vertical size is 2 and the horizontal size is 3, for example) may be prepared.
The present invention is described above in detail, but the description is illustrative in all aspects and is not restrictive. Numerous other changes and modifications are conceivable without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The present application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-231382 filed on Dec. 1, 2017 entitled “display device with built-in touch sensor, and drive method thereof”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-231382 | Dec 2017 | JP | national |
