Patent Application
20250017087
This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202311434146.2, filed on Oct. 31, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present application relates to the technical field of display, and particularly to a display panel, a display module and a display device.
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display has the advantages of low cost, wide viewing angle, low driving voltage, fast response speed, rich light emitting colors, simple preparation process, and large-area flexible display, and the like, which is considered as one of the most promising display technologies. However, the display technology is required to be improved.
Embodiments of the present application provide a display panel, a display module and a display device.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a display panel comprising: a substrate; a light emitting device layer disposed on a side of the substrate; a light extraction layer assembly disposed on a side of the light emitting device layer facing away from the substrate, wherein the light extraction layer assembly comprises at least two light extraction layers arranged in a stacked configuration, and the at least two light extraction layers comprise a primary extraction layer and at least one secondary extraction layer disposed on one side or two opposite sides of the primary extraction layer, and wherein the primary extraction layer has a refractive index n5 greater than a refractive index of the secondary extraction layer; and an encapsulation structure disposed on a side of the light extraction layer assembly facing away from the substrate.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the secondary extraction layer comprises at least a first secondary extraction layer, and the first secondary extraction layer is disposed on a side of the primary extraction layer facing the substrate; the encapsulation structure has a refractive index less than the refractive index n2 of the primary extraction layer;
Optionally, the encapsulation structure is disposed on the surface of the light extraction layer assembly;
Optionally, the primary extraction layer has the refractive index n2 in a range of 1.7-2.6; and/or, the refractive index of the encapsulation structure is in a range of 1.4-2.0;
Optionally, the first secondary extraction layer has a refractive index n1 in a range of 1.2-1.6;
Optionally, a difference in refractive index Δn1 between any two of the at least two light extraction layers is greater than 0.5 and less than 1.4;
Optionally, the primary extraction layer has a thickness greater than the first secondary extraction layer;
Optionally, the first secondary extraction layer has a thickness d1 greater than 5 nm and less than 40 nm, and the primary extraction layer has a thickness d2 greater than 20 nm and less than 70 nm;
Optionally, a total thickness D1=d1+d2 of the light extraction layer assembly is greater than 50 nm and less than 110 nm.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the encapsulation structure includes at least two encapsulation layers arranged in a stacked configuration, the at least two encapsulation layers include a primary encapsulation layer and at least one secondary encapsulation layer, and the at least one secondary encapsulation layer is disposed on one side or two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer; and the primary encapsulation layer has a refractive index less than the secondary encapsulation layer;
Optionally, the at least one secondary encapsulation layer comprises at least one first secondary encapsulation layer and at least one second secondary encapsulation layer, and the at least one first secondary encapsulation layer and the at least one second secondary encapsulation layer are disposed on two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer; and the first secondary encapsulation layer has a refractive index n4 in a range of 1.4-2.0, the primary encapsulation layer has a refractive index of n5 in a range of 1.4-1.6, and the second secondary encapsulation layer has a refractive index n6 in a range of 1.4-2.0;
Optionally, the at least one secondary encapsulation layer is disposed on two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer, and the secondary encapsulation layers on two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer have the same refractive index;
Optionally, a plurality of secondary encapsulation layers are disposed on one side of the primary encapsulation layer, and the plurality of secondary encapsulation layers have refractive indices that increase in a direction from the primary encapsulation layer to the secondary encapsulation layer.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, when a difference in refractive index Δn2 (n4−n5 or n6−n5) between any two of the at least two encapsulation layers is less than 0.2, a difference in refractive index Δn3 (n2−n4) between the primary extraction layer and the first secondary encapsulation layer is greater than 0.6 and less than 1.2; optionally, n2 is in a range of 2.2-2.6.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the first secondary extraction layer has a refractive index less than the first secondary encapsulation layer;
Optionally, n1 is in a range of 1.4-1.6, n2 is in a range of 2.0-2.4, n4 is in a range of 1.7-2.0, n5 is in a range of 1.4-1.6, n6 is in a range of 1.7-2.0, and a difference in refractive index Δn4 (n2−n4) between the primary extraction layer and the first secondary encapsulation layer is equal to or greater than 0 and less than 0.5.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the secondary extraction layer comprises at least one first secondary extraction layer, the at least one first secondary extraction layer disposed on the side of the primary extraction layer facing the substrate; the secondary extraction layer further comprises at least one second secondary extraction layer, the at least one second secondary extraction layer disposed on the side of the primary extraction layer facing away from the substrate; the second secondary extraction layer has a refractive index less than the encapsulation structure;
Optionally, the first secondary extraction layer has a refractive index n1 in a range of 1.2-1.6; the primary extraction layer has a refractive index n2 in a range of 1.7-2.6; the second secondary extraction layer has a refractive index n3 in a range of 1.2-1.6.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the encapsulation structure comprises at least two encapsulation layers arranged in a stacked configuration, the at least two encapsulation layers comprise a primary encapsulation layer and at least one secondary encapsulation layer, the at least one secondary encapsulation layer comprises at least one first secondary encapsulation layer and at least one second secondary encapsulation layer, the at least one first secondary encapsulation layer and the at least one second secondary encapsulation layer are disposed on two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer; a refractive index n5 of the primary encapsulation layer is less than a refractive index n4 of the secondary encapsulation layer; and the refractive index n3 of the second secondary extraction layer is less than the refractive index n4 of the first secondary encapsulation layer;
Optionally, the first secondary encapsulation layer has a refractive index n4 in a range of 1.4-2.0, the primary encapsulation layer has a refractive index n5 in a range of 1.4-1.6, the second secondary encapsulation layer has a refractive index n6 in a range of 1.4-2.0;
Optionally, the first secondary extraction layer has a thickness d1 greater than 0 and less than 40 nm, the primary extraction layer has a thickness d2 greater than 30 nm and less than 70 nm, and the second secondary extraction layer has a thickness d3 greater than 20 nm and less than 50 nm;
Optionally, a total thickness D2=d1+d2+d3 of the light extraction layer assembly layer is greater than 70 nm and less than 160 nm;
Optionally, a difference in refractive index Δn5(n2−n1 or n2−n3) between any two of the at least two light extraction layers is greater than 0.5 and less than 1.4;
Optionally, n3 is in a range of 1.4-1.6, n4 is in a range of 1.8-2.0, n5 is in a range of 1.4-1.6, and n6 is in a range of 1.8-2.0;
Optionally, when a difference in refractive index Δn6(n4−n5 or n6−n5) between any two of the at least two encapsulation layers is less than 0.4, a difference in refractive index Δn7(n4−n3) between the first secondary encapsulation layer and the second secondary extraction layer is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 0.5.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the light emitting device layer comprises a plurality of light emitting units, each of the light emitting units having an orthographic projection on the substrate located within orthographic projection of the light extraction layer assembly on the substrate; or
the light emitting device layer comprises a light emitting unit of a first color and a light emitting unit of a second color, the light emitting unit of the first color having an orthographic projection on the substrate located within the orthographic projection of the light extraction layer assembly on the substrate, and the light emitting unit of the second color has an orthographic projection on the substrate located outside the orthographic projection of the light extraction layer assembly on the substrate.
Optionally, the first color is blue and the second color is red or green.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a display module comprising the display panel as described above.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a display device comprising the display panel or the display module as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following technical effects:
The embodiments of the present application provide a display panel designed with a light extraction layer assembly and an encapsulation layer over the light emitting device layer in which the light extraction layer assembly is designed as a multi-layer structure. By coordinating the refractive indices of at least two light extraction layers, the improvement of light emission effect and efficiency is achieved.
Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The accompanying drawings are labelled:
In the accompanying drawings, the same components use the same accompanying markings. The accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale.
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in details below. In the following detailed description, a number of specific details are presented in order to provide a full understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of embodiments is provided solely for the purpose of providing a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples of the application. In the accompanying drawings and the following description, at least some of the well-known structures and techniques are not illustrated in order to avoid unnecessary ambiguity to the present application; and, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the features, structures or characteristics described below may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.
The words of orientation appearing in the following description are in the directions shown in the drawings and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the array substrate and display panel of the present application. In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise expressly provided and limited, the terms ‘mounting’ and ‘connecting’ are to be broadly construed, e.g., they may be fixedly connected, removably connected, or integrally connected; they may be directly connected, or indirectly connected. To a person of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application may be understood on a case-by-case basis.
Due to the mismatch of the refractive indices of the film layers in the display panel and the energy loss at the interface of the electrode and the organic material, there is a problem of low light extraction efficiency of the display panel.
In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a display panel, and a display device capable of improving the light extraction efficiency. In order to better understand the present application, each embodiment of the display panel and the display device will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The following first describes the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present application may be an OLED display panel.
In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a display panel, as shown in
In some embodiments, referring to
The light emitting device layer 20 is disposed on one side of the substrate 10, and the light emitting device layer 20 is driven by an electrical signal to emit light for display, and the emitted light can pass through the light extraction layer assembly 30 and the encapsulation layer 40.
The light emitting device layer 20 may include a plurality of light emitting units distributed in an array; each light emitting unit may include a second electrode layer 21, a light emitting structure 22, and a first electrode layer 23 disposed sequentially from bottom to top, wherein the second electrode layer 21 is disposed close to the substrate 10 relative to the first electrode layer 23. In some embodiments, the light emitting structure 22 has a refractive index of 1.8 to 2.1. That is, refractive index=1.8 to 2.1. Exemplarily, the light emitting structure 22 has a refractive index of 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, or 2.1. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the refractive index as described herein refers to the refractive index of the material for light with a wavelength of 460 nm.
Optionally, the second electrode layer 21 may be an anode, the light emitting structure 22 may be a layer structure formed of organic light emitting material, and the first electrode layer 23 may be a cathode. The second electrode layer 21 may be a structure of a three-layer superposition of a transparent conductive layer, a reflective conductive layer, and a transparent conductive layer, which has an all-reflective characteristic. The transparent conductive layer may be selected from any one or more of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), and aluminium zinc oxide (AZO). The reflective conductive layer may be silver or copper. The first electrode layer 23 may be made of ITO. The second electrode layer 21 and the light emitting structure 22 may be an array-distributed structure, and the first electrode layer 23 may be a whole layer covering each light emitting structure 22, or it may be set up to be array-distributed corresponding to each light emitting structure 22. There is no limitation to the specific structure of the first electrode layer 23 in this application. The light emitting unit of this embodiment may comprises light emitting units of multiple colors, for example, a red light emitting unit, a green light emitting unit and a blue light emitting unit, and the light emitting units of different colors are arranged in accordance with a predetermined rule, and there is no restriction on the specific rule for their arrangement in the present application.
Please continue to refer to
The light extraction layer assembly 30 and the encapsulation structure 40 may cooperate to adjust the optical interference distance, and suppress external light reflection, thereby enhancing the light extraction efficiency.
The light extraction layer assembly 30 comprises at least two light extraction layers arranged in a stacked configuration, and the at least two light extraction layers comprise a primary extraction layer 31 and a secondary extraction layer 32. The secondary extraction layer 32 comprises at least one secondary extraction layer, the secondary extraction layer 32 is disposed on one side or two opposite sides of the primary extraction layer 31, and the primary extraction layer 31 has a refractive index greater than the secondary extraction layer 32. The at least two light extraction layers can increase the optical interference distance and improve the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the secondary extraction layer 32 comprises at least one secondary extraction layer, and the secondary extraction layer 32 disposed on one side of the primary extraction layer 31 has a refractive index that gradually decreases in a direction from the primary extraction layer 31 to the secondary extraction layer 32.
Exemplarily, the secondary extraction layer 32 is disposed on only one side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10, the secondary extraction layer 32 comprises a plurality of secondary extraction layers, and the plurality of the secondary extraction layers on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10 have refractive indices that gradually decrease in a direction from the primary extraction layer 31 to the secondary extraction layer 32.
Exemplarily, the secondary extraction layer 32 is provided on both the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10 and the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing away from the substrate 10. The secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10 comprises a plurality of secondary extraction layers, and the plurality of the secondary extraction layers on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10 have refractive indices that gradually decrease in a direction from the primary extraction layer 31 to the secondary extraction layer 32; the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on two opposite sides of the primary extraction layer 31 comprises a plurality of secondary extraction layers, the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing away from the substrate 10 comprises a plurality of secondary extraction layers, and the plurality of the secondary extraction layers on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing away from the substrate 10 have refractive indices that gradually decrease in a direction from the primary extraction layer 31 to the secondary extraction layer 32. Referring to
In some embodiments, the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10 is at least two secondary extraction layers, and the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing away from the substrate 10 is one secondary extraction layer; alternatively, the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing the substrate 10 is one secondary extraction layer, and the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing away from the substrate 10 is at least two secondary extraction layers.
In some embodiments, the light extraction layer assembly 30 is made of an organic material. Exemplarily, the material of the light extraction layer assembly 30 includes a polymer resin such as polyether sulfone (PES), polyarylates (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), triacetylcellulose (TAC), and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). The light extraction layer assembly 30 can be deposited in a single-chamber vacuum evaporation process, saving one evaporation chamber compared to conventional optical structures. The material of the plurality of secondary extraction layers 32 can be the same or different.
The display panel provided by the embodiments of this application is designed with a light extraction layer assembly 30 and an encapsulation structure 40 above the light emitting device layer 20, and the light extraction layer assembly is designed as a multilayer structure. By coordinating the refractive indices of at least two light extraction layers, the improvement of the light emission effect and efficiency is achieved.
Referring to
According to embodiments of the present application, the first secondary extraction layer 321 has a refractive index less than the primary extraction layer 31, the primary extraction layer 31 has a refractive index greater than the encapsulation structure 40, and a low refractive index structure, a high refractive index structure, a low refractive index structure can be formed over the light emitting device layer 20, forming a microcavity over the light emitting device layer 20. The light emitted from the light emitting device layer 20 is enhanced under the action of the microcavity, which can improve the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the encapsulation structure 40 is disposed on the surface of the light extraction layer assembly 30, the encapsulation structure 40 protects the light extraction layer assembly 30, and at the same time, the encapsulation structure 40 cooperates with the light extraction layer assembly 30 to improve the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the primary extraction layer 31 has a refractive index n2 in a range of 1.7-2.6, i.e., n2=1.7-2.6; and/or, the encapsulation structure 40 has a refractive index in a range of 1.4-2.0, i.e., refractive index=1.4-2.0.
Exemplarily, the primary extraction layer 31 has a refractive index n2 of 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, or 2.6; the encapsulation structure 40 has a refractive index of 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2.0.
The present application improves the light extraction efficiency by matching the refractive indices of the light extraction layer assembly 30 and the encapsulation structure 40 to form a system that can adjust the light emission direction of the light emitting device layer 20 and/or enhance the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting device layer 20, thereby achieving a better light emission effect.
In some embodiments, the first secondary extraction layer 321 has a refractive index n1 of 1.2-1.6. Exemplarily, the refractive index n1 of the first secondary extraction layer 321 is 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6.
The first secondary extraction layer 321 and the primary extraction layer 31 form a low refractive index and high refractive index arrangement, and most of the light may be refracted into the primary extraction layer 31 at the interface between them, thereby increasing the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, a difference in refractive index between any two light extraction layers of the at least two light extraction layers is 0.5<Δn1 (n2−n1)<1.4. Exemplarily, the value of Δn1 is 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3.
The difference in refractive index between any two light extraction layers within the above range allows refractive indices of the light extraction layer assembly to match, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the primary extraction layer 31 has a thickness greater than the first secondary extraction layer 321; optionally, the thickness d1 of the first secondary extraction layer 321 is greater than 5 nm and less than 40 nm, and the thickness d2 of the primary extraction layer 31 is greater than 20 nm and less than 70 nm; optionally, the total thickness D1=d1+d2 of the light extraction layer assembly 30 is greater than 50 nm and less than 110 nm. Exemplarily, the value of d1 is 8 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, or 38 nm; the value of d2 is 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm, 50 nm, 55 nm, 60 nm, or 65 nm.
The thickness of each layer of the light extraction layer assembly 30 within the above range ensures that it matches its refractive index to achieve a better light extraction effect.
In some embodiments, the encapsulation structure 40 comprises at least two encapsulation layers arranged in a stacked configuration, including a primary encapsulation layer 41 and at least one secondary encapsulation layer 42, and the at least one secondary encapsulation layer 42 is arranged on one side or two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer 41; the primary encapsulation layer 41 has a refractive index less than the secondary encapsulation layer 42.
Two or more encapsulation layers in combination with the light extraction layer assembly 30 can increase the optical interference distance and improve the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the secondary encapsulation layer 42 includes at least one secondary encapsulation layer, and the secondary encapsulation layer 42 disposed on one side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 has a refractive index that gradually decreases in a direction from the primary encapsulation layer 41 to the secondary encapsulation layer 42.
Exemplarily, the secondary encapsulation layer 42 is disposed on only one side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing the substrate 10, the secondary encapsulation layer 42 comprises a plurality of secondary encapsulation layers, and the plurality of the secondary encapsulation layers on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing the substrate 10 have refractive indices that gradually decrease in a direction from the primary encapsulation layer 41 to the secondary encapsulation layer 42.
Exemplarily, the secondary encapsulation layer 42 is provided on both the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing the substrate 10 and the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing away from the substrate 10. The secondary encapsulation layer 42 provided on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 31 facing the substrate 10 comprises a plurality of secondary extraction layers, and the plurality of the secondary encapsulation layers on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing the substrate 10 have refractive indices that gradually increase in a direction from the primary encapsulation layer 41 to the secondary encapsulation layer 42; the secondary encapsulation layer 42 provided on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing away from the substrate 10 comprises a plurality of secondary encapsulation layers, and the plurality of the secondary encapsulation layers on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing away from the substrate 10 have refractive indices that gradually increase in a direction from the primary encapsulation layer 41 to the secondary encapsulation layer 42. Referring to
In some embodiments, the secondary encapsulation layer 42 provided on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing the substrate 10 is at least two secondary encapsulation layers, and the secondary encapsulation layer 42 provided on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing away from the substrate 10 is one secondary extraction layer; alternatively, the secondary encapsulation layer 42 provided on the side of the primary encapsulation layer 41 facing the substrate 10 is one secondary encapsulation layer, and the secondary extraction layer 32 provided on the side of the primary extraction layer 31 facing away from the substrate 10 is at least two secondary encapsulation layers.
In some embodiments, at least one secondary encapsulation layer includes at least one first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and at least one second secondary encapsulation layer 422, and the at least one first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the at least one second secondary encapsulation layer 422 are disposed on opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer 41; the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 has a refractive index n4 in a range of 1.4-2.0, the primary encapsulation layer 41 has a refractive index n5 in a range of 1.4-1.6, and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 has a refractive index n6 in a range of 1.4-2.0.
Exemplarily, n4 takes a value of 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, or 1.9; n5 takes a value of 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6; and n6 takes a value of 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2.0.
The display panel provided by embodiments of this application is designed with a light extraction layer assembly 30 and an encapsulation structure 40 above the light emitting device layer 20, and the light extraction layer assembly 30 and the encapsulation structure 40 are designed as a multilayer structure. By coordinating the refractive indices of at least two light extraction layers and at least two encapsulation layers, the effect of improving the light extraction effect and efficiency is achieved. Among them, the refractive index of the primary extraction layer 31 is greater than that of the secondary extraction layer 32; the refractive index of the primary encapsulation layer 41 is less than that of the secondary encapsulation layer 42, which may form a structure of low refractive index, high refractive index, low refractive index, and high refractive index above the light emitting device layer 20, forming a microcavity over the light emitting device layer 20. The light emitted from the light emitting device layer 20 is enhanced under the action of the microcavity, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency. The lower refractive index of the secondary extraction layer 32 may reduce energy loss between the light emitting device layer 20 and the light extraction layer assembly 30.
In some embodiments, at least one secondary encapsulation layer is disposed on two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer, and the refractive indices of the secondary encapsulation layers on the two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer are the same. For example, the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 has a refractive index of 1.5, the primary encapsulation layer 41 has a refractive index of 1.4, and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may have a refractive index of 1.5. When the refractive index of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 is the same as that of the second secondary encapsulation layer 422, it can reduce light loss at the interface and improve the light extraction efficiency.
The refractive indices of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may also be different. For example, the refractive index of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 is 1.5, the refractive index of the primary encapsulation layer 41 is 1.4, and the refractive index of the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may be 1.6.
The material of the secondary encapsulation layer may be an inorganic material. The first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may comprise one or more inorganic insulating materials selected from a group consisting of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride.
In some embodiments, the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may include an inorganic insulating layer containing non-metallic elements such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride. The material of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may be the same or different. For example, the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 may comprise silicon oxynitride, and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 may comprise silicon nitride, without being limited to thereto.
The material of the primary encapsulation layer 41 may be an organic material, which can alleviate internal stress of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and/or the second secondary encapsulation layer 422. The material of the primary encapsulation layer 41 may include a polymer-based material. The polymer-based materials may include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyvinyl sulfate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, and acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate or polyacrylic acid, etc.) or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, when a difference in refractive index Δn2 (n4−n5 or n6−n5) between any two encapsulation layers among the at least two encapsulation layers is less than 0.2, a difference in refractive index Δn3(n2−n1) of the light extraction layers is greater than 0.6 and less than 1.2, optionally, n2=2.2-2.6.
Exemplarily, Δn3 takes a value of 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, or 1.1; and n2 takes a value of 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, or 2.6.
When the difference in refractive index of the encapsulation layers is small, it is necessary to require a relatively small difference in refractive index of the light extraction layers to achieve refractive index matching.
In some embodiments, n1=1.4-1.6, n2=2.0-2.4, n4=1.7-2.0, n5=1.4-1.6, n6=1.7-2.0, and a difference in refractive index Δn4 (n2−n4) between the primary extraction layer 31 and the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 0.5. Exemplarily, the value of Δn4 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4.
The light extraction layer assembly 30 and the encapsulation layer assembly 40 form an alternating arrangement of low/high/low/high refractive index, and a difference in refractive index between the primary extraction layer 31 and the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 is small, which can further increase the light extraction efficiency.
Referring to
The light extraction layer assembly 30 includes a first secondary extraction layer 321, a primary extraction layer 31, and a second secondary extraction layer 322 from bottom to top. The refractive index of the primary extraction layer 31 is greater than that of the first secondary extraction layer 321, and the refractive index of the primary extraction layer 31 is greater than that of the second secondary extraction layer 322, forming a low refractive index, high refractive index, low refractive index system in the light extraction layer assembly 30.
A microcavity is formed among the light extraction layer assembly 30, the encapsulation structure 40, and the light emitting device layer 20, and the light emitted from the light emitting device layer 20 is enhanced under the action of the microcavity, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.
The material of the first secondary extraction layer 321 and the second secondary extraction layer 322 may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the material of the light extraction layer assembly 30 is an organic material, which can reduce the stress between the layers and enhance the formability of the panel, for example, it can be rolled up or folded. Exemplarily, the material of the light extraction layer assembly 30 includes a polymer resin such as polyether sulfone (PES), polyarylates (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), triacetylcellulose (TAC), and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). The light extraction layer assembly 30 may be deposited in a single-chamber vacuum evaporation process, saving one evaporation chamber compared to conventional optical structures.
In some embodiments, the first secondary extraction layer 321 has a refractive index n1 in a range of 1.2-1.6; the primary extraction layer 31 has a refractive index n2 in a range of 1.7-2.6; and the second secondary extraction layer 322 has a refractive index n3 in a range of 1.2-1.6.
Exemplarily, n1 takes a value of 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6; n2 takes a value of 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, or 2.6; and n3 takes a value of 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6.
The refractive index of each layer of the light extraction layer assembly is within the above ranges, ensuring that each layer cooperates with each other to achieve better light extraction effects.
In some embodiments, the encapsulation structure 40 comprises at least two encapsulation layers arranged in a stacked configuration, including a primary encapsulation layer 41 and at least one secondary encapsulation layer, and the at least one secondary encapsulation layer comprises at least one first secondary encapsulation layer and at least one second secondary encapsulation layer. The at least one first secondary encapsulation layer and the at least one second secondary encapsulation layer are disposed on two opposite sides of the primary encapsulation layer 41; the primary encapsulation layer 41 has a refractive index less than the secondary encapsulation layer 42; and the second secondary extraction layer 322 has a refractive index less than the first secondary encapsulation layer 421.
The encapsulation structure 40 includes a first secondary encapsulation layer 421, a primary encapsulation layer 41, and a second secondary encapsulation layer 422 from bottom to top. The refractive index of the primary encapsulation layer 41 is less than that of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421, the refractive index of the primary encapsulation layer 41 is less than that of the second secondary encapsulation layer 422, and the refractive index of the second secondary extraction layer 322 is less than that of the first secondary encapsulation layer 421. A low refractive index, high refractive index, low refractive index, and high refractive index system is formed from the encapsulation structure 40 and the second secondary extraction layer 322.
A microcavity is formed among the light extraction layer assembly 30, the encapsulation structure 40, and the light emitting device layer 20, and the light emitted from the light emitting device layer 20 is enhanced under the action of the microcavity, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 has a refractive index n4 in a range of 1.4-2.0, the primary encapsulation layer 41 has a refractive index n5 in a range of 1.4-1.6, and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422 has a refractive index n6 in a range of 1.4-2.0.
Exemplarily, n4 takes a value of 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, or 1.9; n5 takes a value of 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6; and n6 takes a value of 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2.0.
A low refractive index, high refractive index, low refractive index, high refractive index system is formed from the second secondary extraction layer 322 together with the first secondary encapsulation layer 421, the primary encapsulation layer 41, and the second secondary encapsulation layer 422, which can improve the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the first secondary extraction layer 321 is in a range of 0<d1<40 nm, the thickness of the primary extraction layer 31 is in a range of 30 nm<d2<70 nm, and the thickness of the second secondary extraction layer 322 is in a range of 20 nm<d3<50 nm.
Exemplarily, d1 takes a value of 8 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, or 38 nm; d2 takes a value of 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm, 50 nm, 55 nm, 60 nm, or 65 nm; and d3 takes a value of 25 nm, 28 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 38 nm, 40 nm, 42 nm, 45 nm, or 48 nm.
In some embodiments, a total thickness D2=d1+d2+d3 of the light extraction layer assembly 30 is greater than 70 nm and less than 160 nm, and a difference in refractive index Δn5 (n2−n1 or n2−n3) is greater than 0.5 and less than 1.4. Exemplarily, Δn5 takes a value of 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.3.
The thickness of each layer of the light extraction layer assembly within the above ranges ensures that it matches its refractive index to achieve a better light extraction effects. The embodiments of this application improve the light extraction efficiency by adjusting the refractive index and thickness of the light extraction layer assembly 30 and the encapsulation structure 40.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the first secondary encapsulation layer d4 is in a range of 1-1.5 um, the thickness of the primary encapsulation layer d5 is in a range of 9-12 μm, and the thickness of the second secondary encapsulation layer d6 is in a range of 0.7-1.2 um.
Exemplarily, d4 takes a value of 1.0 um, 1.1 um, 1.2 um, 1.3 um, 1.4 um, or 1.5 um; d5 takes a value of 9 um, 10 um, 1 um, or 12 μm; and d6 takes a value of 0.7 um, 0.8 um, 0.9 um, 1.0 um, 1.1 um, or 1.2 um.
In some embodiments, n3=1.4-1.6, n4=1.8-2.0, n5=1.4-1.6, and n6=1.8-2.0.
In some embodiments, when a difference in refractive index Δn6 (n4−n5 or n6−n5) between any two encapsulation layers among the at least two encapsulation layers is less than 0.4, a difference in refractive index Δn7 (n4−n3) between the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the second secondary extraction layer 322 is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 0.5. Exemplarily, the value of Δn7 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4.
When a difference in refractive index of the encapsulation layers is small, it is necessary to require a relatively small difference in refractive index between the first secondary encapsulation layer 421 and the second secondary extraction layer 322 to achieve refractive index matching, which can further improve the light extraction efficiency.
In some embodiments, referring to
The orthographic projection of the light extraction layer assembly on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit on the substrate; preferably, the orthographic projection of the light extraction layer assembly on the substrate coincides with the orthographic projection of each light emitting unit on the substrate. This ensures that the light extraction layer assembly 40 is provided directly above each light emitting unit.
In some embodiments, referring to
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a display module comprising a display panel as described above.
Since the display module according to the embodiments of the present application includes the display panel of any of the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the display panel of the above embodiments are available and will not be repeated herein. Among other things, the display module according to the embodiments of the present application may include a structure such as a polarizer, a touch control layer, and a cover plate. The polarizer is disposed between the touch control layer and the display panel, and the cover plate is disposed on a side of the touch control layer facing away from the display panel.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a display device including the above-mentioned display panel or the above-mentioned display module.
The display device according to the embodiments of the present application includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, an e-book, a television, a doorstop, a smart landline phone, a console, and other devices with display functions.
Since the display device according to the embodiments of the present application includes a display module or a display panel of any of the above-described embodiments, the beneficial effects of the display panel of the above embodiments are available and will not be repeated herein.
The following examples describe the disclosure of the present application more specifically, and these examples are used for expository illustration only, as various modifications and changes within the scope of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The display panel included: a substrate, a light emitting device layer, a light extraction layer assembly, and an encapsulation layer assembly, which are provided in a stacked arrangement.
The light emitting device layer included a second electrode layer, a light emitting structure, and a first electrode layer from bottom to top, wherein the light emitting structure had a refractive index of 1.9.
The light extraction layer assembly included a first secondary extraction layer, a primary extraction layer, and a second secondary extraction layer from bottom to top, all of which were made of an organic material, wherein the first secondary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 1.5 and a thickness d of 20 nm, the primary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 2.2 and a thickness d of 50 nm, and the second secondary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 1.5 and a thickness d of 25 nm.
The encapsulation layer assembly included, from bottom to top, a first secondary encapsulation layer, a primary encapsulation layer, and a second secondary encapsulation layer, wherein the first secondary encapsulation layer had of refractive index of n=1.8, and a thickness of d=1.2 um; the primary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.6, and a thickness of d=11 um; the second secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.8, and a thickness of d=1.0 um; the overall encapsulation structure and optical structure refractive index satisfy an alternating low-high-low-high-low-high arrangement.
A display panel was similar in structure to the display panel of Example 1, with the exception in that:
The light extraction layer assembly included a first secondary extraction layer, a primary extraction layer, and a second secondary extraction layer from bottom to top, all of which were made of an organic material, wherein the first secondary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 1.6 and a thickness d of 25 nm, the primary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 2.3 and a thickness d of 45 nm, and the second secondary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 1.4 and a thickness d of 25 nm.
The first secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.6, and a thickness of d=1.0 um; the primary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.4, and a thickness of d=9.5 um; the second secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.7, and a thickness of d=0.7-1.0 um. The difference in refractive index between the encapsulation layers was less than 0.4, and at the same time, the difference in refractive index between the encapsulation structure and the second secondary extraction layer was within 0.5. The overall encapsulation structure and optical structure refractive index satisfy a low-high-low arrangement.
A display panel was similar in structure to the display panel of Example 1, with the exception in that: the light extraction layer assembly included a first secondary extraction layer, and a primary extraction layer, from bottom to top, wherein the first secondary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 1.6 and a thickness d of 25 nm, and the primary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 2.0 and a thickness d of 45 nm.
The encapsulation layer assembly included, from bottom to top, a first secondary encapsulation layer, a primary encapsulation layer, and a second secondary encapsulation layer, wherein the first secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.8, and a thickness of d=1.1 um; the primary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.4, and a thickness of d=9.5 um; the second secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.9, and a thickness of d=1.0 um; the difference in refractive index between the primary extraction layer and the first secondary encapsulation layer was within 0.5 and the overall encapsulation structure and optical structure refractive index satisfy an alternating low-high-low-high arrangement.
A display panel was similar in structure to the display panel of Example 3, with the exception in that:
The light extraction layer assembly included a first secondary extraction layer, and a primary extraction layer, from bottom to top, wherein the first secondary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 1.5 and a thickness d of 30 nm, and the primary extraction layer had a refractive index n of 2.1 and a thickness d of 60 nm.
The first secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.5, and a thickness of d=1.0 um; the primary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.3, and a thickness of d=1 μm; the second secondary encapsulation layer had a refractive index of n=1.5, and a thickness of d=1.2 um. The overall encapsulation structure and optical structure refractive index satisfy an alternating low-high-low arrangement.
A display panel was similar in structure to the display panel of Example 1, with the exception in that the light extraction layer assembly included, from bottom to top, an organic light extraction layer and a LiF layer, wherein the organic light extraction layer had a refractive index of n=2.1, and a thickness of d=75 nm; and the LiF layer had a refractive index of n=1.4, and a thickness of d=30 nm.
As can be seen from Table 1, the examples 1-4 of the present application, achieved an increase in light extraction efficiency and a better light extraction effect by matching the light extraction layer assembly with the encapsulation layer assembly in terms of refractive index and thickness to form a system that can adjust the light extraction direction of the light emitting device layer and/or enhance the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting device layer. Among them, the refractive index of the primary extraction layer was greater than that of the first secondary extraction layer, and the refractive index of the primary extraction layer was greater than that of the encapsulation structure. The light extraction layer assembly and the encapsulation structure formed a low refractive index, high refractive index, low refractive index system, and a microcavity was formed over the light emitting device layer. The light emitted from the light emitting device layer was enhanced under the action of the microcavity, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency. Compared to Comparative Example 1, the present application improved the light extraction efficiency by optimizing the structure.
While the application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for parts thereof without departing from the scope of the application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202311434146.2 | Oct 2023 | CN | national |
