Display

Abstract

To provide a display which can improve viewing angle dependency of a contrast ratio at least in a specific azimuth without design change of a basic structure of a display element, limitation to white display state or black display state, and deterioration in display quality in other directions. The above-mentioned display is a display comprising: a display element with a contrast ratio dependent on a viewing angle; and an anisotropic scattering film having an anisotropic scattering layer, wherein the anisotropic scattering film is located on a viewing screen side of the display element and has a scattering central axis in substantially the same azimuth as an azimuth in which a contrast ratio of the display element in a direction inclined by a certain angle from a normal direction of a viewing screen of the display element has an extreme value.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a diagram schematically showing a direction of a polar angle Θ of a display element.

FIG. 1B is a diagram schematically showing an azimuth of the display element.

FIG. 1C is a diagram schematically showing azimuth angle dependency of a contrast ratio of the display element in a direction having a certain polar angle Θ.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view schematically showing one example of a structure of an anisotropic scattering film (anisotropic scattering layer) constituting the display of the present invention.

FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a polar angle and an axial azimuth of a scattering central axis of the anisotropic scattering film.

FIG. 2C is a perspective view schematically showing one example of a structure of an anisotropic scattering film (anisotropic scattering layer) constituting the display of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing azimuth angle dependency of a contrast ratio of a VA mode liquid crystal display element in direction having a polar angle Θ of 10°, 20° and 45°.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an axial azimuth of a scattering central axis of an anisotropic scattering film constituting the display of the present invention and an extreme value azimuth of the display element.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one example of incidence angle dependency of scattering property of an anisotropic scattering film constituting the display of the present invention. The solid line and broken line in FIG. 5 show incidence angle dependencies of the scattering properties in the case where the film is rotated about two rotation axes (short side axis and long side axis) perpendicular to each another.

FIG. 6 is a perspective diagram schematically showing a measurement method of scattering property of a scattering film.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing incidence angle dependency of scattering property of a first anisotropic scattering film.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a TN mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view schematically showing an IPS mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing incidence angle dependency of scattering property of an isotropic scattering film.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing azimuth angle dependency of a contrast ratio in a direction having a polar angle Θ of 45° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element prepared in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing azimuth angle dependency of a contrast ratio in a direction having a polar angle Θ of 45° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element prepared in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing azimuth angle dependency of a contrast ratio in a direction having a polar angle Θ of 45° of the IPS mode liquid crystal display element prepared in Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing azimuth angle dependency of a contrast ratio in a direction having a polar angle Θ of 45° of the OCB mode liquid crystal display element prepared in Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 20A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 20B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 21A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 21B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 22A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 22B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 23A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 23B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 24A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 24B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 25A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the TN mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 25B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the TN mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 26A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the IPS mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the IPS mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 26B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the IPS mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the IPS mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 27A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the OCB mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the OCB mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 27B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the OCB liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the OCB mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 28A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 28B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 29A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 29B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a VA mode liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a TN mode liquid crystal display in TN mode according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of an IPS liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of an IPS liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 16 of the present invention.

FIG. 38A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 38B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 39A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 39B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 40A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 40B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 41A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 41B is a diagram showing polar angle dependency of contrast ratio in two azimuths of the azimuth angle Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 42A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

FIG. 42B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

FIG. 43A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the TN mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 43B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the TN mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 44A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the TN mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention.

FIG. 44B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the TN mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the TN mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention.

FIG. 45A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the IPS mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the IPS mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 16 of the present invention.

FIG. 45B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the IPS mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the IPS mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 16 of the present invention.

FIG. 46A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 90° and 270° of the OCB mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the OCB mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 17 of the present invention.

FIG. 46B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 0° and 180° of the OCB mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the OCB mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Embodiment 17 of the present invention.

FIG. 47A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 1.

FIG. 47B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 1.

FIG. 48A is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths of the azimuth angles Φ of 45° and 225° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 3.

FIG. 48B is a diagram showing polar angle dependencies of contrast ratios in two azimuths at azimuth angles Φ of 135° and 315° of the VA mode liquid crystal display element (broken line) and the VA mode liquid crystal display (solid line) according to Comparative Embodiment 3.

FIG. 49A is a perspective view schematically showing one example of scattering property of an anisotropic scattering film constituting the display of the present invention. In FIG. 49A, P represents a direction having an incidence angle of 0°, S represents a scattering central axis, P(S) represents that a direction in which an incidence angle of 0° and an axial direction of the scattering central axis are the same, and the length of the arrow extending from a point of intersection of the scattering central axis and the anisotropic scattering film up to a curved surface in bell form (indicated by a broken line in the figure) represents a linear transmitting light quantity in each direction.

FIG. 49B is a plan view schematically showing the curved surface in bell form which specifies the linear transmitting light quantity in FIG. 49A when viewed in the front direction.

FIG. 50 is a perspective view schematically showing a structure of a previous anisotropic scattering film.

FIG. 51 is a schematic view showing scattering property of a previous anisotropic scattering film.

Claims

1. A display comprising: a display element with a contrast ratio dependent on a viewing angle; andan anisotropic scattering film having an anisotropic scattering layer,wherein the anisotropic scattering film is located on a viewing screen side of the display element and has a scattering central axis in substantially the same azimuth asan azimuth in which a contrast ratio of the display element in a direction inclined by a certain angle from a normal direction of a viewing screen of the display element has an extreme value.

2. The display according to claim 1, wherein the extreme value is a maximum value.

3. The display according to claim 1, wherein the extreme value is a minimum value.

4. The display according to claim 1, wherein the scattering central axis is in substantially the same direction as the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element.

5. The display according to claim 1, wherein the scattering central axis is inclined in substantially the same azimuth asthe azimuth in which the contrast ratio of the display element in the direction inclined by the certain angle from the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element has the extreme value.

6. The display according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropic scattering film has a scattering central axis in substantially the same azimuth asan azimuth in which a contrast ratio of the display element in a direction inclined by a certain angle of 20° or more from the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element has an extreme value.

7. The display according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropic scattering film has a scattering central axis in substantially the same azimuth asan azimuth in which a contrast ratio of the display element in a direction inclined by 45° from the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element has an extreme value.

8. The display according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropic scattering layer is formed by curing a composition containing a photo-curable compound.

9. The display according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropic scattering film has a directionshowing a linear transmitting light quantity not larger than a linear transmitting light quantity in an axial direction of the scattering central axis andhaving an azimuth that is the same asthe azimuth in which the contrast ratio of the display element in the direction inclined by the certain angle from the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element has the extreme value.

10. The display according to claim 9, wherein an angle formed by an axial azimuth of the scattering central axis and the azimuth in which the contrast ratio of the display element in the direction inclined by the certain angle from the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element has the extreme value is 15° or less.

11. The display according to claim 10, wherein the angle formed by the axial azimuth of the scattering central axis and the azimuth in which the contrast ratio of the display element in the direction inclined by the certain angle from the normal direction of the viewing screen of the display element has the extreme value is 10° or less.

12. The display according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropic scattering film has the scattering central axis in a direction forming a smaller angle with a direction showing the smallest linear transmitting light quantity of the anisotropic scattering film than an angle with a direction showing the largest linear transmitting light quantity of the anisotropic scattering film.

13. The display according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropic scattering film has an azimuth in which a polar angle of a direction showing the smallest linear transmitting light quantity is smaller than a polar angle of a direction showing the largest linear transmitting light quantity.

14. The display according to claim 1, wherein, in the anisotropic scattering film,the largest value of a linear transmitting light quantity in a direction having a polar angle larger than a polar angle of an axial direction of the scattering central axis is smaller than the largest value of a linear transmitting light quantity in a direction having a polar angle smaller than a polar angle of an axial direction of the scattering central axis,in an axial azimuth of the scattering central axis.

15. The display according to claim 1, wherein the display element is a liquid crystal display element.

16. The display according to claim 15, wherein the liquid crystal display element comprises:a liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates; anda polarizing plate including a supporting film and a polarizing element.

17. The display according to claim 15, wherein the liquid crystal display element has a display mode of a VA mode, a TN mode, an IPS mode, or an OCB mode.