Patent Application
20120186158
The invention relates to a door drive device having a traction means monitoring device and to a door provided therewith.
Many overhead doors are provided with traction mechanisms, such as, in particular, rope drives, via which opening forces can be transmitted to the door leaf. In the raised state, the door leaf thus hangs from the ropes. On the one hand, pretensioning forces of a weight compensating device, but increasingly also drive forces of a door drive are transmitted via the rope drive. In general, rope drives are provided on each of the vertical sides of the door. If a rope now tears, then the door drive continues to drive the door leaf via the other rope, which is then put under load not only by the door leaf, but additionally also by the drive forces. Although arresting devices for avoiding a fall in the event of a rope breakage are known, which arresting devices, if the rope breaks, trigger an arresting catch in order thus to secure the door leaf, there is a high risk that, if the drive continues, the pull rope on the other side will tear. For this reason, it is established standard practice for each shaft-driven door drive which is currently on the market that, in addition to slack rope protection devices which protect the door leaf from falling, it is also necessary to provide slack rope switches, which disable the door drive in the event of rope breakage in order to be able to meet basic pertinent safety standards and receive a license for the door drive.
The installation and wiring of the slack rope switch, and the slack rope switch itself, add to the complexity and cost of known door drive devices of this kind.
The object of the invention is to provide a door drive device which can be more easily installed at the place of use and which, despite simpler and cheaper construction, is more reliable than previous door drive devices.
This object is achieved by a door drive device having the features of the appended claim 1.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.
A door provided with such a door drive device is the subject of the accessory claim.
The invention provides a door drive device for driving a door leaf in an opening direction and in a closing direction via a traction mechanism having at least one first traction means and at least one second traction means, which traction means, during operation of the door drive device, are tensioned, wherein a traction means monitoring device, which is configured both to monitor a breakage or loss of tension of the first traction means and to monitor a breakage or loss of tension of the second traction means, is provided, the traction means monitoring device comprising:
a first mechanical blocking device, which is provided with a first blocking element, which in a blocking position blocks or hampers the movement of the door leaf in the closing direction but permits a movement of the door leaf in the opening direction and in a release position releases the movement of the door leaf in the closing and opening directions, and with a first tension sensing and holding device for sensing a traction means tension of the first traction means and for holding the first blocking element in dependence on this traction means tension, wherein the first tension sensing and holding device holds the first blocking element in the release position and, in the event of a reduction in tension of the first traction means, induces or enables a movement of the first blocking element by a first pretensioning force into its blocking position,
a second mechanical blocking device, which is provided with a second blocking element, which in a blocking position blocks or hampers the movement of the door leaf in the opening direction but permits a movement of the door leaf in the closing direction and in a release position releases the movement of the door leaf in the closing and opening directions, and is provided with a second tension sensing and holding device for sensing a traction means tension of the second traction means and for holding the second blocking element in dependence on this traction means tension, wherein the second tension sensing and holding device holds the second blocking element in the release position and, in the event of a reduction in tension of the second traction means, induces or enables a movement of the second blocking element by a second pretensioning force into its blocking position,
and a load monitoring device for monitoring a motor drive assembly for breaching of a load threshold, which motor drive assembly, for the driving of the door leaf, is to be connected up to the traction mechanism.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the traction mechanism is a pull rope mechanism, which transmits the rotary movement of a shaft, rotatably driven by the motor drive assembly, to the door leaf and has at least one first rope as the first traction means and at least one second rope as the second traction means.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that on a first of two opposite sides of the door leaf is respectively provided at least one first rope, wherein the first blocking device and/or the first tension sensing and holding device is arranged only on this first of the two opposite sides in order to monitor only the tension of the at least one first rope on this first side.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that on a second of two opposite sides of the door leaf is respectively provided at least one second rope, wherein the second blocking device and/or the second tension sensing and holding device is arranged only on this second of the two opposite sides in order to monitor only the tension of the at least one second rope on this first side.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that on the first of the two sides is provided the first blocking device for monitoring the tension of the at least one first rope on this first side, and that on the remaining second side of the two sides is provided the second blocking device for monitoring the tension of the at least one second rope on this second side.
Preferably, the traction means monitoring device has neither a slack rope switch, nor otherwise an electrical or electronic rope tension sensor which has to be wired up.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the blocking devices are respectively configured as an arresting catch device having an arresting catch as the blocking element,
that as the counterbearing for the arresting catches are provided latching devices having a row of latching teeth or latching openings, which block a relative movement of latching device and arresting catch in a blocking direction, said arresting catch having been moved into the blocking position, and permit such movement in an opposite direction, involving sliding over the arresting catch, and
that the blocking devices of the first and of the second blocking device are oppositely directed.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the load monitoring device is set such that it registers a changed load caused by some intervention of each of the first and second blocking devices, in order to switch off the motor drive assembly.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the traction mechanism is pretensioned in the opening direction with a third pretensioning force—in particular of a weight compensating device—and that the load monitoring device is set to register a released pretensioning force in the event of breakage of the traction means and blockage by the first blocking device.
In one concrete embodiment, a door leaf which has to be raised for opening purposes is pretensioned by a spring device for weight compensation. If a closure of the door leaf is blocked, then this is held in the raised position by the blocking device; i.e. the spring force of the spring device is released and thus increases the motor load of the door drive moving in the closing direction. The load monitoring device is set to detect this load change.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the load monitoring device, for the purpose of monitoring the load, is set up to monitor a load-dependent parameter of the motor drive assembly, such as, in particular, the motor current, the motor output or a rotation speed.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the load monitoring device, by registering that motional direction of the door within which a blocking by one of the blocking devices is effected and/or registering the type and/or amount of a change in load caused by intervention of one of the blocking devices, is configured to detect at which traction means a tension has declined.
According to a further aspect, the invention also relates to a door provided with a traction means monitoring device according to the invention.
Illustrative embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail below with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
In
The door 10 has a door leaf 18, which is movable in a guide 16 between a closing end position and an opening end position in the opening direction R1 and the closing direction R2. The door shaft 12 is configured as part of a weight compensating device 20 and has an energy store, here in the form of two torsion springs 22, which exerts a pretensioning force in the opening direction R1 in order as far as possible to balance out the weight of the door leaf 18 in the course of its movement. To this end, the door shaft 12 is gear-coupled to the door leaf 18 by means of the traction mechanism 13 in such a way that the door shaft 12 rotates upon movement of the door leaf 18.
In the represented illustrative embodiment, upon movement of the door shaft 12 in the counterclockwise direction (viewed from the right in
For the sake of better clarity, the representation of the guide 16 is omitted in
The traction mechanism 13 has on a first side S1 of these vertical sides of the door 10 at least one first traction means Z1, and on the opposite other, second side S2 of the vertical sides of the door 10 at least one second traction means Z2. In the represented example, the traction mechanism 13 has, on the door shaft 12, rope drums 24a and 24b disposed in jointly rotating arrangement, namely a first rope drum 24a on the first side S1 and a second rope drum 24b on the second side S2. As the first traction means Z1 are provided, in the represented embodiment, at least two parallel-acting first ropes 26a in the form of wire ropes, which can be wound on the first rope drum. As the second traction means Z2, are provided, on the second side, at least two parallel-acting second ropes 26b, likewise in the form of wire ropes. In an inexpensive and therefore preferred embodiment (not represented), only one wire rope respectively is provided on each side.
The traction means Z1 and Z2 are designed such that both the at least one first traction means Z1 and the at least one second traction means Z2 are respectively capable of singly holding and moving the door leaf 18 over the whole of its course, even if the respectively other traction means on the other of the sides S1, S2 were to fail.
The door drive device 11 further has a traction means monitoring device 28, by means of which a breakage of the first traction means Z1 and a breakage of the second traction means Z2, or a decline in tension of one of the traction means Z1 or Z2, which decline occurs for other reasons, for example a breakage of a torsion spring 22, is monitored, and in such a situation the operation of the automatic door is halted after at most one further door run.
The door drive 14 is connected to one end of the door shaft 12 for the rotatable driving of the same.
As can be seen from
The basic structure 40 has a first basic structure part 42 and a second basic structure part 44, which are detachably connected to each other at a mounting interface 46.
The first basic structure part 42 is configured as a ground plate or base plate 48. Fastened to the base plate 48 is a motor drive assembly 49 comprising a motor 50, an electrical unit 52, a decoupling device 54 and a decoupling sensor 56.
The motor 50 is configured as a geared motor and has a motor housing 58, an electric motor 60 and a self-locking worm gear 62. Accordingly, the output shaft of the motor 50, which is hereinafter referred to as the motor shaft 64, is connected to the output shaft (not represented) of the worm gear 62. This motor shaft 64 has—as is best represented in FIG. 4—a first gearwheel in the form of a first chain pinion 66.
The electrical unit 52 has a power unit 68 with transformer and power electronics, as well as a control system 70 which controls the electric motor 60 via the power unit 68.
The motor shaft 64 can be decoupled from the worm gear 62 by means of the decoupling device 54, so that the first chain pinion 66 can rotate freely in the decoupled state. To this end, the decoupling device 54 has a coupling pin 72, which is manually rotatably actuated by actuating elements (not represented in detail) and which, when rotated, is axially movable in a controlled manner via a cam 74 (represented in
In the decoupled state, the first chain pinion 66 is hence freely rotatable on the motor shaft 64.
The decoupling sensor 56 registers a movement of the coupling pin 72 and thus a decoupling operation.
The motor 50 is further provided with an absolute value transmitter (not represented in detail), which delivers to the control system 70 the absolute rotational angle position of the worm gear 62.
The control system 70 is configured such that, upon receipt of a signal of the decoupling sensor 56, which signal indicates a coupling state which has been reestablished after a decoupling operation, it performs a reference run for the door 10, in which the position, in particular the end positions, of the door leaf 18 are programmed. Alternatively or additionally, the or a further absolute value transmitter 57 is provided by means of a transmitter pinion 57a for picking up the door position on a drive chain of a traction means gear mechanism 94 (described later in greater detail). Since the transmitter pinion 57a rotates jointly with the door shaft 12 even in the decoupled state, the fresh programming run after the recoupling operation is no longer necessary.
In addition, in the control system 70 is provided a load monitoring device 78, which monitors a load of the motor 50 and, in the event of overload, causes the motor 50 to be switched off. The load monitoring device monitors at least one of various load-dependent parameters of the motor 50, such as, in particular, the motor current, the power consumption of the motor 50, or the rotation speed of the motor measured via the absolute value sensor, etc. In particular, the load monitoring device is configured, as described and represented more precisely in EP 0 083 947 B1, such that in the reference run a desired value for the monitored parameter is recorded as a function of the path polled via the absolute value transmitter and, with the addition of a differential value, is adopted as the switch-off threshold. Parameters of the traction means monitoring device 28 have a bearing on the formation of the differential value, as is represented in greater detail further below.
According to
In the mounting operation, a radially inward pointing projection 88 engages a longitudinal groove (not represented) present on the door shaft 12, so that the connection part 86 sits in a rotationally secure manner on the door shaft 12.
At the other end, the output shaft 80 has a second gearwheel, here in the form of a second chain pinion 92. The two gearwheels on the motor shaft 64 and the output shaft 80 can be gear-connected to each other via the traction means gear mechanism 94. In the here represented embodiment, the traction means gear mechanism 94 has a drive chain 96.
For the fastening of the second basic structure part 44, the first basic structure part 42 has two openings, the mounting interface 46 on the second basic structure part 44 has openings 100, 101 provided with spacing corresponding to the openings of the first basic structure part 42. Reaching through these openings on the basic structure parts 42, 44 are screw fasteners 102, so as to fasten together the two basic structure parts 42, 44.
Both the first and the second basic structure part 42, 44 is provided with an angled-off, for example bent-over marginal region 104, 105. At the mounting interface 46, the two basic structure parts 42, 44 telescopically interlock with their angled-off marginal regions 104, 105. The openings on one of the two basic structure parts 44, 42 are realized as long holes. In the here represented example, the openings 100, 101 are realized on the second basic structure part 44 as such long holes. The long holes 106, 108 have a width which is smaller than the diameter of the circular openings on the other basic structure part.
The first basic structure part 42 serves to fasten the door drive 14 in the vicinity of the door shaft 12 and has for this purpose, for example, not represented in detail, screw openings for the door drive fastening. The second basic structure part 44 is realized as a modular drive element and can be replaced by other second basic structure parts, which provide a different distance of the output shaft 80 from the motor drive assembly 49 and/or different transmission ratios as a result of a different chain pinion 92 having a different number of chain teeth.
The structure of the traction means monitoring device 28 is explained in greater detail below with renewed reference to
The first blocking device 150 is provided with a first blocking element 154 and with a first tension sensing and holding device 156. The first blocking element 154 is pretensioned into a blocking position, in which it captures a first latching device 158 configured on the guide 16, to be precise on the vertical rail region 16b, and thus blocks a return run of the door leaf 18 in the closing direction R2. In the opening direction R1, the first blocking element 154 driven into the blocking position can slide over the first latching device 158, however, so that the door leaf 18, even with the first blocking element 154 extended, can move onward in the opening direction R1. The first tension sensing and holding device 156 senses the traction means tension of the at least one first traction means Z1 and, if a traction means tension is present, holds the first blocking element 154 in a release position in which the first blocking element 154 is released from the first latching device 158, so that the door leaf 18 is freely and easily movable. In the event of a loss of traction means tension of the first traction means Z1, the first tension sensing and holding device 156 is moved by a pretensioning into a second position in which it releases the first blocking element 154, so that the latter travels into the blocking position by virtue of its own pretensioning.
The second blocking device 160 is comparably configured, with the difference that it is active in the opposite direction to the first blocking device 150.
Accordingly, the second blocking device 160 is provided with a second blocking element 164 and with a second tension sensing and holding device 166. The second blocking element 164 is pretensioned into a blocking position, in which it captures a second latching device 168 configured on the guide 16, to be precise on the vertical rail region 16b, and thus blocks a run of the door leaf 18 in the opening direction R1. In the closing direction R2, the second blocking element 164 driven into the blocking position can slide over the second latching device 168, however, so that the door leaf 18, even with the second blocking element 164 extended, can move onward in the closing direction R2. The second tension sensing and holding device 166 senses the traction means tension of the at least one second traction means Z2 and, if a traction means tension is present, holds the second blocking element 164 in a release position in which the second blocking element 164 is released from the second latching device 168, so that the door leaf 18 is freely and easily movable. In the event of a loss of traction means tension of the second traction means Z2, the second tension sensing and holding device 166 is moved by a pretensioning into a second position in which it releases the second blocking element 164, so that the latter travels into the blocking position by virtue of its own pretensioning.
The more precise structure of the blocking devices 150, 160 is explained in greater detail below with reference to the representation in
The first blocking device 150 is configured in the form of an arresting apparatus 152. As can be seen, in particular, from
In the example represented in
The part-sectional representations according to
As revealed by
As shown in
On the head 229 is configured a bevel 230. In a complementary manner, on the arresting catch 223, starting from the catch boss 224, is configured an oblique face 231, which bears against the bevel 230.
If the rope 26a tears, the first pretensioning force of the helical spring 232 displaces the housing 210 downward. Furthermore, the pivot axle 222 is displaced by a further helical spring 236 relative to the housing 210. The arresting catch 223 is thus forced by the bolt 212 outward into its blocking position, as is represented in
The second blocking device 160 shown in
The differential value of the load monitoring device 78 is precisely set such that each blocking of one of the two blocking devices 150, 160 which is provoked by slackening of a tension in one of the traction means is registered and leads to the door drive 14 being switched off, in particular such that the motor 50 initially travels slightly in the opposite direction in order to relieve the remaining traction means of load.
As a result of the bidirectional blocking facility, all situations involving a failure of one of the traction means Z1, Z2 can be registered. At latest following completion of the corresponding run in which the failure occurs and upon the attempt of a run in the opposite direction, the blockage is active, so that the door drive 14 is immobilized and no further loading of the remaining traction means occurs.
If the first rope 26a tears, for example, then the door leaf 18 can be moved, still with the first blocking element 154 extended, upward in the opening direction R1, where the door leaf 18 is prevented from falling down and moving in the closing direction R2 by the first blocking device 150. If the door drive 14 is then reactuated so as to move the door leaf in the closing direction R2, then the door shaft 12 is moved without the door leaf 18. The rotation must then take place counter to the third pretensioning force of the weight compensating device, and thus with greater force. This can be registered by the load monitoring device 78 and is used to switch off the door drive 14. Moreover, the second traction means Z2 is also then slackened, so that the second blocking device 160 also intervenes and a displacement of the door leaf 14 in either direction is blocked. The remaining traction means Z2 is thereby relieved of load, without any danger of the door leaf 18 falling.
If, on the other hand, the second traction means Z2 tears, then, if movement is made in the opening direction R1, a corresponding blockage by the second blocking device 160 takes place immediately.
Consequently, at the door drive 14 is generated an increased load, which is registered by the load monitoring device 78 and leads to the door drive 14 being switched off.
If the traction means tension of the second traction means Z2 declines in the course of a closing run, then, even though the second blocking device 160 is triggered, the door leaf 18 still then travels into the closing position, where it is prevented by the second blocking device 160 from making a fresh run in the opening direction R1, which in turn leads to a switching off.
Based on the nature or site of the load disconnection, and/or the direction of travel during which the switching off takes place, the control system 70 can thus establish on which side S1, S2 a drop in tension occurs and can deliver a corresponding error report, for instance as clear text.
Further, unrepresented embodiments are possible. For instance, the second latching device 168 does not have to extend over the entire region of the vertical guide 16b—as represented in
In this embodiment, the second arresting catch 323 is either designed such that it can rest against the first latching device 158 counter to a movement in the closing direction R2 and can rest against the first latching device 168 counter to a movement in the opening direction R1. In another alternative embodiment, the second blocking element 164 is configured with two arresting catches, namely, on the one hand, with a first arresting catch 223 and, on the other hand, with a second arresting catch 323, which are both triggered in the event of breakage of the second traction means Z2.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102009035622.3 | Jul 2009 | DE | national |
| 102009049911.3 | Aug 2009 | DE | national |
| 102009039623.3 | Sep 2009 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/060788 | 7/26/2010 | WO | 00 | 4/12/2012 |
