The present invention relates to a door, a method of making a door, and a stack of doors. More particularly, the present invention relates to a door, method of making a door, and stack of doors, wherein the door includes door skins having differing, but complementary profiles, which allow the doors to be stacked during manufacturing or shipping without requiring the needs for spacers.
Man-made boards, such as fiberboard, e.g., medium density fiberboard; hardboard; chipboard; oriented strand board-fiberboard composites; particle board; oriented strand board-particle board composites; and the like, may be formed into articles having contoured portions simulating stiles, rails, panels, or other desired features of a door facing or skin. Such articles may be formed to include one or more interior depressions or raised contours simulating panels or other decorative features. Such formed depressions and contoured portions may replicate a natural wood, paneled door. Similarly, steel sheets and cross-linked polymer compositions, frequently reinforced with fiberglass, may be formed suitable for use as a molded door skin from which a door may be manufactured.
With respect to conventional doors, molded door skins may be adhesively secured to a wood frame support structure to produce a finished door. Rails and stiles forming the frame provide additional structural support for the door. Such doors are well known in the art, and provide consumers with an aesthetically appealing, yet cost efficient alternatives to traditional, solid wood doors.
It is difficult to reverse mold and to emboss deep draws into a fiberboard panel due to stretching and breaking of the fibers. A reverse molded fiberboard sheet is stretched more on its visible outer surface than on its interior surface (surface in contact with a raised mold surface) making reverse molding much more difficult when attempting to provide sharp, crisp design detail in a raised panel that simulates natural wood millwork. More recently, a reverse molded product has been engineered that allows for above-plane profiling, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,588,162, which is incorporated herein by reference, and the assignee of which is the assignee hereof.
There continues to be a growing demand for highly detailed above plane profiling designs, yet these products are more costly to produce. The use of existing high throughput methods for assembling doors is a necessity for minimizing manufacturing costs for above plane detailing. This necessitates using conventional hot or cold press processing where direct contact between skins and framing is a critical constraint, not easily accomplished when dealing with above plane profiling elements. In particular, conventional doors having below plane profiles are aligned one on top of another in a press. Because the detailing is below plane, the requisite contact between the planar portions of the door to the wooden frame is made. However, when pressing doors having above plane profiling, spacers are typically used to insure contact is made at the peripheral portions of the door skin to the frame. This increases the costs of processing such doors.
Another problem associated with above plane wood composite articles is in stacking a plurality of molded articles for efficient shipping. Because of the relative fragility of the above plane decorative portions, spacers are typically used so that the decorative molded portions of one article do not make excessive contact with an adjacently stacked article. The resulting stack can be quite heavy, in excess of several hundred pounds, so substantial force is applied to the door skins toward the bottom of the stack. Moreover, due to the contour, adjacent skins will typically make contact at a plurality of relatively small locations, thus causing substantial pressure to be exerted at those locations.
The present invention provides a solution to these competing interests by generating two differing but complementary profiles, one for a first side of the door or door skin and one for the opposite side of the door or door skin where each allows and fits onto the other, while still providing direct contact in the stile and rail zones of the door in order to permit use of conventional door layup practices.
In particular, the present invention is based on the recognition that both sides on surface profiles of a molded skin door do not have to be identical to the other. In particular, it is rare that both sides of a door are visible at the same time. Conventional practice reflects the history of construction materials using solid wooden stiles and rails and panel components, which generated identical appearances on both sides of typical passage doors as a default. The present invention departs from the conventional practice in the prior art, which historically yielded identical appearances on both sides.
A first aspect of the present invention pertains to a molded wood composite, comprising a front side, a back side, and a perimeter frame. The front side is substantially planar and includes a first pattern thereon, wherein a first portion of the first pattern is disposed above the plane of the front side and a second portion of the first pattern is disposed below the plane of the front side. The back side is substantially planar and includes a second pattern thereon, wherein a first portion of the second pattern is disposed above the plane of the back side and a second portion of the second pattern is disposed below the plane of the back side. The first pattern of the front side is configured to allow a second pattern on an adjacent back side to be nested there against so that peripheral portions of said back side contact the perimeter frame.
A second aspect of the present invention pertains to a molded wood composite, comprising a front side, a back side, and a perimeter frame. The front side is substantially planar and includes a first pattern thereon, wherein a first portion of the first pattern is disposed above the plane of the front side and a second portion of the first pattern is disposed below the plane of the front side. The back side is substantially planar and includes a second pattern thereon. The second pattern is asymmetrical to the first pattern of the front side. The first pattern of the front side is configured to allow a second pattern on an adjacent back side door to be nested there against so that peripheral portions of said back side contact the perimeter frame.
A third aspect of the present invention pertains to a stack of doors, comprising a first door including a front side, a back side, and a perimeter frame. The front side is substantially planar and includes a first pattern thereon, wherein a first portion of the first pattern is disposed above the plane of the front side and a second portion of the first pattern is disposed below the plane of the front side. The back side is substantially planar and includes a second pattern thereon. The second pattern is asymmetrical to the first pattern of the front side. A second, adjacent door has a front side, a back side and a perimeter frame. The back side of the second door is configured to allow the first pattern of the front side of the first door is to be nested there against so that the perimeter frames on the first and second doors are in direct contact with one another.
A fourth aspect of the present invention pertains to a stack of door skins. A first, planar door skin has at least one panel thereon. The at least one panel includes a first pattern, wherein a first portion of the first pattern is disposed above a plane of the first door skin and a second portion of the first pattern is disposed below the plane of the first door skin. A second, planar door skin has at least one panel thereon. The at least one panel includes a first pattern thereon, wherein a first portion of the first pattern is disposed above a plane of the second door skin and a second portion of the first pattern is disposed below the plane of the second door skin. The first pattern of the first door skin and the first pattern of the second door skin are nested thereagainst and the second pattern of the first door skin and the second pattern of the door skin are nested thereagainst.
In the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, the molded wood articles of the present invention are assembled into a multi-panel door, or, more preferably, as a door skin to be laminated or otherwise adhered to a core, frame or support substrate, on both major surfaces, to simulate a solid, natural wood door, e.g., an interior or exterior passage door, as shown in
A surface portion of the articles of the present invention should be formed from cellulosic material, such as fibrillated cellulosic fibers, or cellulosic particles and a binder capable of adhering the cellulosic material together into a structurally stable article. The cellulosic fibers, whether in the form of refined, fibrillated fibers, or in the form of discrete particles, can be molded and adhered together with natural or synthetic binders to provide aesthetically pleasing contours and texture in all exterior, visible surfaces, including the depression-interior inclined wall surfaces. The articles of the present invention can be molded as a thin, e.g., 0.1 to 0.2 inch thick door skin, and later laminated to a support structure.
The present invention is particularly applicable to reverse molded products that include above-plane profiling. In the case of doors, the present invention recognizes that doors can be made that have the same profiling, and both include above-plane profiling, yet the doors can be nested against one another without the need for spacers. In particular, the door configuration is such that the front and back skins are not identical to each other, because the design portions of the door are not in contact when adjacent doors are in contact with one another.
Turning now to the drawings, and initially to
After adhesive secures the skins 12, 14 to the frame 16, a number of doors 10 are assembled in a press, and held for a period of time to allow for the adhesive, typically polyvinyl acetate (“PVA”), to cure and thereby bond the door skins 12, 14 to frame 16. As described in more detail below, the configurations of the doors 10 are such that spacers are not needed between the doors, even though adjacent doors 10 have above-plane profiling.
The exemplary door skins 12,14 shown in
With reference to
The back skin 14 is substantially planar and preferably includes the same number of panel portions as the front skin 12. In the preferred embodiment, there are six panel portions.
With reference to
In accordance with the present invention, two adjacent doors can be stacked without the use of spacers. Preferably, both skins 12 and 14 are asymmetrical and have above and below plane portions, yet allow an adjacent door to be nested there against. Because the skins 12 and 14 are asymmetrical, they are preferably made in two different die sets and thereafter attached to a perimeter frame with glue by cold or hot pressing, as described above. Because of the geometries of the skins 12 and 14, the doors D1 and D2 can be stacked without causing profiling deflection or damage from facing to facing. Those skilled in the art recognize that a stack of doors can be quite heavy, with the result that the lowermost door in the stack bears a substantial load that may cause deformation, cracking or other damage to the lowermost door. In addition, the assembly yields a door with two different but compatible and desirable sides for visual appearance.
As shown in
The present invention also promotes better options in placing cores of many types from semi-solid, to solid, to fire and sound resistant properties, due to the thicker inner cross-section being available while holding the similar total depth of draw that is typically found in conventional below plane prior art molded HDF facing products.
With reference to
However, the back skin 54 is different from the back skin 14 disclosed and described in connection with
Preferably, doors D3 and D4 are identical so that a front skin 12 of door D3 lies adjacent to the back skin 54 of door D4, wherein the raised portion 34 of door D3 is nested against the below plane portion 58 of door D4. Thus, contact is maintained at and along the perimeter frame, particularly at the rail and stile locations. As shown in
With reference to
However, the back skin 64 is different than the back skin 14 disclosed and described in connection with
The aesthetics provided by back skin 64 is more conventional than the aesthetics achieved by back skins 14 and 54. Preferably, doors D5 and D6 are identical so that a front skin 12 of door D5 lies adjacent to the back skin 64 of door D6, wherein the raised portion 34 of door D5 is nested against the below plane portion 68 of door D6. Thus contact is maintained at and along the perimeter frame, particularly along the rail and stile locations. As shown in
With reference to
As shown in
With reference to
As shown in
With reference to
However, while only symmetrical doors are shown, it should be understood that an asymmetrical door may be stacked adjacent the doors, such that respective above plane and below plane profiles are received thereagainst. For example, door D12 may include a back skin having a below plane profiling and a front skin having an above plane profiling in accordance with the present invention.
The present invention addresses various concerns associated with stacking doors having above plane detailing, and provides a cost effective solution to stacking these types of doors. In particular, the above and below plane profiling of the doors are strategically chosen so that adjacent doors can be aligned without requiring the use of spacers. As such, conventional layup practices used previously with below plane processed doors can be used.
In addition, only two mold dies are necessary for manufacturing at least three differently shaped doors, i.e., one die having above and below plane processing (skin A) and one die having below plane processing (skin B). Three different sized doors can be made with these two molds, one having two skins A, one having a skin A and a skin B, and one having two skins B. As discussed in connection with
With reference to
Certain aspects of the present invention have been explained according to preferred embodiments. However, it will be understood to one of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in construction or configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. It is intended that the present invention include all such modifications and variations, provided they come within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/284,130, filed Nov. 22, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,823,353, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference and to which priority is claimed under 35 U.S.C. §120.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
5543234 | Lynch et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5782055 | Crittenden | Jul 1998 | A |
6200687 | Smith et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
7823353 | Lynch et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
20040035085 | Crittenden | Feb 2004 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20110041454 A1 | Feb 2011 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11284130 | Nov 2005 | US |
Child | 12917530 | US |