Patent Grant
11299928
This patent document contains material subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the reproduction of this patent document or any related materials in the files of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, but otherwise reserves all copyrights whatsoever.
This invention relates to doors, including frameless glass door stile systems and methods.
Frameless heavy glass doors and panels for use with commercial and/or residential buildings typically utilize stile systems to provide support to the doors or panels while in use. The stile systems are typically designed to extend along one or more vertical edges of the doors or panels (e.g., along the side edges), and often, may extend along both vertical sides of a door to improve resistance to air and water infiltration, and to increase the rigidity of the door to resists live loads, e.g., wind pressure and/or forced entry. Hardening of the glass edges to protect against impact breakage is another benefit of such a stile system.
However, the stile systems are often bulky and do not maintain the structures' “frameless” appearance.
In addition, the doors or panels are often permanently secured within the stile systems such that if the doors or panels become broken or otherwise need replacement, the stile systems must also be replaced. This adds cost and additional labor.
Also, in some instances, the doors or panels are removably configured with the stile systems, thereby avoiding this problem. However, current removable stile systems are difficult to assemble, do not provide a uniform attachment pressure to the doors or panels, and are generally bulky.
Accordingly, there is a need for a removable stile system for use with frameless glass panel doors or panels that is easy to install, that provides uniform, controlled, attachment pressure to the doors or panels, and that are streamlined in appearance.
Various other objects, features and attendant advantages of the present invention will become fully appreciated as the same becomes better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the several views, and wherein:
As used herein, unless used otherwise, the following terms and abbreviations have the following meanings:
Outboard means towards the outside, and in the case of a stile system and associated panel, towards the area outside the stile system and panel. Unless otherwise stated, this will typically be depicted in the FIGS as the portion of the system to the left of the system's median plane.
Inboard means towards the inside, and in the case of a stile system and associated panel, towards the area outside the stile system and panel. Unless otherwise stated, this will typically be depicted in the FIGS as the portion of the system to the right of the system's median plane.
Lateral means towards the side, and in the case of a stile system and associated panel, facing away from the middle (the median plane) of the stile or panel.
Medial means towards the middle, and in the case of a stile system and associated panel, facing towards the middle (the median plane) of the stile or panel.
In general, the system according to exemplary embodiments hereof provides a glass door stile system and its method of use for providing support to a glass door. The door stile system includes a longitudinal channel within which the glass door is removably mounted and secured. It is understood that the door stile system also may be used for other types of structures such as glass panes and/or other types of panels. It is also understood that the system may be used to provide support to structures comprising materials other than glass.
Referring now to
In one exemplary embodiment hereof as shown in
In general, the system 10 is adapted to secure and support the side portion of a panel 400 (e.g., a side edge of a glass door or pane). The control assembly 200 and the clamping assembly 300 are housed within the housing 100, and the control assembly 200 in combination with the housing 100 control the inward clamping motions of the clamping assembly 300 as it engages with and supports the panel 400. In some embodiments, the control assembly 200 and the clamping assembly 300 generally extend along the longitudinal length of the housing 100, while in other embodiments, the control assembly 200 and/or the clamping assembly 300 extend along portions of the longitudinal length of the housing 100 as required to secure the panel 400.
Housing Assembly
In one exemplary embodiment as shown in
In one exemplary embodiment hereof, the outboard portion's inner channel surfaces 108a and the inboard portion's inner channel surfaces 108b generally mirror one another in regard to positioning, orientation, shape and size across the inner channel 112. However, this may not be necessary. As will be described in other sections, each inner channel surface 108a, 108b has a distinct and purposeful functionality in supporting and guiding the clamping assembly 300.
In one embodiment, a first outboard inner channel surface 108a-1 and a first inboard inner channel surface 108b-1 extend upward and generally upright from the bottom 116 of the channel 112. These surfaces 108a-1, 108b-1 may be generally vertical. A second outboard inner channel surface 108a-2 and a second inboard inner channel surface 108b-2 extend inward from the top of the first surfaces 108a-1, 108b-1, respectively, at inward inclined angles (towards the median plane of the channel 112). In some embodiments, the second outboard inner channel surface 108a-2 and a second inboard inner channel surface 108b-2 extend perpendicularly inward (i.e., horizontally) with respect to the median plane of the channel 112. The inner channel surfaces 108a-2, 108b-2 also may be referred to as clamp screw stop surfaces 108a-2, 108b-2. A third outboard inner channel surface 108a-3 and a third inboard inner channel surface 108b-3 extend from the inner portion of the second surfaces 108a-2, 108b-2, respectively, upward and generally away from the median plane of the channel 112. A fourth outboard inner channel surface 108a-4 and a fourth inboard inner channel surface 108b-4 extend inward from the top portion of the third surfaces 108a-3, 108b-3, respectively, at inward inclined angles (towards the median plane of the channel 112). In some embodiments, the fourth outboard inner channel surface 108a-4 and a fourth inboard inner channel surface 108b-4 extend perpendicularly inward (i.e., horizontally) with respect to the median plane of the channel 112. The inner channel surfaces 108a-4, 108b-4 also may be referred to as channel guide surfaces 108a-4, 108b-4. A fifth outboard inner channel surface 108a-5 and a fifth inboard inner channel surface 108b-5 extend from the inner portion of the fourth surfaces 108a-4, 108b-4, respectively, upward and generally away from the median plane of the channel 112.
It is understood that the housing 100 may include additional inner channel surfaces as required, and that all of the inner channel surfaces 108a, 108b described above may not be necessary for all applications.
In some embodiments, the third outboard inner channel surface 108a-3 in combination with the fourth outboard inner channel surface 108a-4 forms the side notch 111a, and the third inboard inner channel surface 108b-3 in combination with the fourth inboard inner channel surface 108b-4 forms the side notch 111b. In addition, the fifth outboard inner channel surface 108a-5 forms the outboard side notch 113a and the fifth inboard inner channel surface 108b-5 forms the inboard side notch 113b.
The purpose and functionality of each separate and distinct inner channel surface 108a, 108b and the side notches 111a, 111b, 113a, 113b will be described in detail in other sections.
Control Assembly
In one exemplary embodiment hereof as shown in
In some embodiments, the one or more control mechanisms 202 include one or more clamp screws 204 configured within corresponding clamp screw openings 206 within the housing 100. In some embodiments, the one or more clamp screws 204 include an outboard clamp screw 204a adapted to be received within an outboard clamp screw opening 206a, and an inboard clamp screw 204b adapted to be received within an inboard clamp screw opening 206b. As shown, the outboard clamp screw opening 206a may be positioned on the outboard portion of the bottom 114 of the housing 100 (to the left of the housing's median plane MH), and the inboard clamp screw opening 206b may be positioned on the inboard bottom 114 of the housing 100 (to the right of the housing's median plane MH). Each clamp screw opening 206a, 206b may preferably extend through the housing 100 from outside the housing 100 into an inner volume within the housing 100. For example, in some embodiments, the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b may each extend through the housing 100 from outside the housing 100 to the inner channel 112 within the housing 100. In this way, when received into the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b, the front portions 208a, 208b of the clamp screws 204a, 204b, respectively, also may extend into the inner channel 112 within the housing 100. In some embodiments, the front portions 208a, 208b of the clamp screws 204a, 204b, respectively, also may extend into other inner volumes of the housing 100 (e.g., inner volumes adjacent to the inner channel 112).
In some embodiments, the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b extend generally parallel to the housing's median plane MH and generally perpendicular to the housing's transverse plane. Accordingly, the clamp screws 204a, 204b within each opening 206a, 206b, respectively, also may extend in these directions. However, it is understood that the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b and the corresponding clamp screws 204a, 204b may extend in other directions as required by the system 10. For example, in some embodiments, the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b and the corresponding clamp screws 204a, 204b may extend at offset angles with respect to the median plane MH.
In some embodiments, the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b include inner screw threads and the corresponding clamp screws 204a, 204b include corresponding outer screw threads such that the clamp screws 204a, 204b may be screwed into the openings 206a, 206b, respectively, and held therein by the engaging threads. In other embodiments, the clamp screws 204a, 204b may be received into the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b and held therein using other methods such as pressure fit, notches and detents, adhesive, welding, other securing methods and any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, the front portions 208a, 208b (e.g., the tips) of the clamp screws 204a, 204b, respectively, include wedges. In some embodiments, the front portions 208a, 208b of the clamp screws 204a, 204b, respectively, include wedges in the form of cone tips 210a, 210b, respectively. That is, in some embodiments, the front portions 208a, 208b of the clamp screws 204a, 204b, respectively, are wedge-shaped. As will be described in other sections, the cone tips 210a, 210b may engage with and cause to move elements of the clamping assembly 300. In some embodiments, the back portions 212a, 212b of the clamp screws 204a, 204b, respectively, are fashioned with screw heads such that a tool (e.g., a hex wrench or screw driver) may be used to rotate the clamp screws 204a, 204b into and out of the clamp screw openings 206a, 206b. For example, the back portions 212a, 212b may be fashioned as hex, slotted, Phillips, Pozidrive, square recess or Roberson, Torx, other types of screw heads and any combination thereof.
Clamping Assembly
In one exemplary embodiment hereof as shown in
The outboard clamping member 302a includes a front wall 304a with a top portion 306a, a bottom portion 308a, a front surface 310a (also referred to as a clamping surface) generally extending between the top 306a and the bottom 308a on the medial side, and a back surface 312a generally extending from the top 306a to the bottom 308a on the lateral side. An upper leg 314a extends outward from the back surface 312a and includes an upper clamp guide surface 316a and an outer end portion 318a. The upper clamp guide surface 316a may be generally horizontal, but other angles also may be used. A lower leg 320a extends from the upper leg 314a (or alternatively, from the back surface 312a of the front wall 304a) downward and at an outward angle. The lower portion 322a of the lower leg 320a includes a force translation surface 324a extending from the lower portion 322a upward and outward. As will be described in other sections, an upward force directed to the force translation surface 324a (e.g., provided by the control assembly 200) may be translated into a sideways force applied to the outboard clamping member 302a directed to the right in
While the clamping member 302a has been described and shown as having a body comprising the discreet elements of a front wall 306a, an upper leg 314a and a lower leg 320a, the clamping member 302a may include any architecture or form that may generally include a clamping surface 310a, an upper clamp guide surface 316a, and a force translation surface 324a. For example, the front wall 306a, the upper leg 314a and the lower leg 320a may be combined (e.g., by removing and/or by filling in at least some of the free space between the structures 306a, 314a, 320a) to form a somewhat solid clamping member 302a body with a front surface 310a, an upper surface 316a and a lower surface 324a, and that may generally provide the same or similar functionality as the clamping member 302a as described above with relation to
In some embodiments, the inboard clamping member 302b includes a mirrored image of the outboard clamping member 302a and comprises a front wall 304a with a top portion 306a, a bottom portion 308a, a front surface 310a (also referred to as a clamping surface) and a back surface 312a, an upper leg 314a with an upper clamp guide surface 316a and an outer end portion 318a, and a lower leg 320a with a lower portion 322a and a force translation surface 324a. It is understood that any and/or all of the details and aspects described above regarding the outboard clamping member 302a may also pertain to the inboard clamping member 304b, and that for the sake of brevity, these details need not be described again here with regards to the inboard clamping member 302b.
In one exemplary embodiment hereof, the outboard clamping member 302a and the inboard clamping member 302b are positioned face-to-face opposite one another with each member's clamping surface 310a, 310b, respectively, facing one another across the clamping channel 303. In this way, the clamping members 302a, 302b may generally mirror one another in regard to positioning, orientation, shape and size as shown.
In one exemplary embodiment hereof as shown in
In some embodiments, the gasket member 326 is a single piece with a generally U-shaped and/or V-shaped cross-section. Accordingly, the gasket member 326 may include an outboard portion 328a, an inboard portion 328b and a bottom 330 connecting the outboard and inboard portions 328a, 328b thereby defining the U-shaped and/or V-shaped member 326. In other embodiments, the gasket's outboard portion 328a and inboard portion 328b may be formed separately and combined to form the overall gasket member 326. The gasket member 326 may comprise silicon or other suitable material(s).
In one exemplary embodiment hereof, the outboard clamping member's clamping surface 310a is configured with the lateral surface 332a of the gasket's outboard portion 328a, and the inboard clamping member's medial surface 310b is configured with the lateral surface 332b of the gasket's inboard portion 328b. It is preferable that the footprint of surface 310a (e.g., the height) generally match that of surface 332a, and that the footprint of surface 310b (e.g., the height) generally match that of surface 332b as shown in
In some embodiments, the gasket's outboard portion 328a includes an upper tab 334a that forms an upper notch 336a configured with an upper portion of the gasket's lateral surface 332a, and a lower tab 338a that forms a lower notch 340a configured with a lower portion of the gasket's lateral surface 332a. The upper notch 336a is adapted to receive the top portion 306a of the outboard clamping member's front wall 304a, and the lower notch 340a is adapted to receive the bottom portion 308a of the outboard clamping member's front wall 304a. In this way, the upper notch 336a and the lower notch 340a may bookend and hold secure therebetween the outboard clamping member's front wall 304a, thereby configuring the outboard clamping member 302a with the outboard portion 328a of the gasket 326.
Similarly, the gasket's inboard portion 328b includes an upper tab 334b that forms an upper notch 336b configured with an upper portion of the gasket's lateral surface 332b, and a lower tab 338b that forms a lower notch 340b configured with a lower portion of the gasket's lateral surface 332b. The upper notch 336b is adapted to receive the top portion 306b of the inboard clamping member's front wall 304b, and the lower notch 340b is adapted to receive the bottom portion 308b of the inboard clamping member's front wall 304b. In this way, the upper notch 336b and the lower notch 340b may bookend and hold secure therebetween the inboard clamping member's front wall 304b, thereby configuring the inboard clamping member 302b with the inboard portion 328b of the gasket 326.
Accordingly, the outboard and inboard clamping members 302a, 302b may thusly be configured with the gasket 326, thereby eliminating any costly adhesive bonding processes. The attachment also may provide adequate shear strength thereby minimizing the risk of the gasket 326 being inadvertently removed by and/or during the clamping process to the panel 400. Other types of attachment mechanisms also may be used to configure the gasket 326 with the clamping members 302a, 302b, such as, without limitation, corresponding slots and tabs, adhesive, double-sided tape, other types of attachment mechanisms and any combination thereof.
In any event, it is preferable that the surfaces 328a, 328b be held generally tight and flush against the respective surfaces 310a, 310b. In this way the outboard clamping member 302a, the inboard clamping member 302b and the gasket member 326 are held together as a unit to generally form the clamping assembly 300 as shown in
In some embodiments, the gasket member 326, in its at rest and unflexed state, holds the outboard and the inboard clamping members 302a, 302b apart and separated by a gap G1 (e.g., the gap between opposing gasket clamping surfaces). In some embodiments as shown in
As will be described in other sections, when the clamping members 302a, 302b are moved towards one another in a clamping motion to secure a panel 400 within the housing 100, the bottom portion 330 of the gasket member 326 may be adapted to compress (e.g., kink or bend inward on itself) to accommodate the clamping motion and to allow the gap G1 to decrease accordingly.
In some embodiments, the preferred wall thickness range of the unitizing gasket 326 is between 0.040″ and 0.050″ as this may mitigate the loss of clamping range due to compression of the gasket material, and reduce the amount of compression set (i.e., loss of resilient outward force that reduces the thickness of the wall after compressive forces are removed). However, it is understood that other gasket wall thickness ranges may be used, and that the scope of the system 10 is not limited in any way by the thickness of the gasket's walls. For example, the gasket wall thickness may range from 0.010″ to 0.10″. In addition, gasket wall thicknesses greater than 0.10″ and/or less than 0.010″ may be used in some applications.
The System (Combined Assemblies)
In one exemplary embodiment hereof as shown in
In this arrangement, the following may be preferable:
Note that not all of the configurations described in 1)-5) above may be required at all times, and that it may be adequate that one or more of the configurations be present for any given application. In this way, the clamping assembly 200 may be configured within the housing 100 and held therein in its generally unclamped configuration. Also note that the outward bias of the gasket's outboard and inboard portions 328a, 328b may provide outward forces to the clamping members 302a, 302b to further support the clamping assembly 200 in the configurations described above.
In one exemplary embodiment hereof, the clamping screws 204a, 204b may be driven into the housing 100 until the cone tips 210a, 210b engage with the force translation surfaces 324a, 324b, respectively, of the clamping members 302a, 302b. It may be preferable that the angle of each cone tip 210a, 210b correspond with the angle of each corresponding force translational surface 324a, 324b, respectively, so that the interface between the cone tips 210a, 210b and the corresponding force translational surface 324a, 324b, respectively, are flush. This is shown in
In some embodiments, the angle of each force translation surface 324a, 324b and of the corresponding cone tips 210a, 210b may be at an acute angle with respect to the median plane MH. In other embodiments, these angles may range from about 20° to about 70°, and preferably about 45°. It is understood that other angles also may be used for various applications. In addition, it may be preferable that the force translational surfaces 324a, 324b be at mirrored angles with one another with respect to the median plane MH so that the forces applied to the surfaces 324a, 324b by the cone tips 210a, 210b are equivalent given equivalent upward cone tip 210a, 210b travel. Note also that the characteristics of the force translation surfaces 324a, 324b may be adjusted (e.g., the positioning, thickness, angle, etc.) to adjust the interface between the surfaces 324a, 324b and the cone tips 210a, 210b, and to regulate the forces applied to the surfaces 324a, 324b by the clamping screws 204a, 204b.
To cause the clamping members 302a, 302b to each move inward in a clamping motion (e.g., to secure a panel 400 positioned within the channel 112), the following procedure may be followed:
The result of this is shown in
It is understood that the above described procedure is meant for demonstration and that not all of the steps described may be necessary. It is also understood that other steps not described may be performed. Also, the order of the steps performed also may differ from that described.
It may be preferable that the clamping screws 204a, 204b are driven an equivalent or similar distance into the housing 100 so that the respective forces applied to the clamping members 302a, 302b are generally equal to one another causing a generally equivalent clamping movement of each clamping member 302a, 302b. However, in some applications this may not be necessary or desired.
In some embodiments, the second outboard inner channel surface 108a-2 and the second inboard inner channel surface 108b-2 provide stops to the clamping screws 204a, 204b, respectively. That is, as the clamping members 302a, 302b are deflected inward towards the median plane MH due to the upward movement of the screws 204a, 204b, the surfaces 108a-2, 108b-2 limit the upward travel of each screw 204a, 204b by blocking the tips 210a, 210b at a desired height. This may prevent damage to the clamping members 302a, 302b potentially caused by over torqueing of the clamp screws 204a, 204b. This also may limit the inward travel distance of the clamping members 302a, 302b and regulate the amount of force applied to the panel 400 by each member 302a, 302b.
In some embodiments as shown in
In addition, the bottom portion 330 of the gasket member 326 may be adapted to shorten (e.g., kink, bend and/or compress) to accommodate the clamping motion and to allow the gap G1 to decrease (e.g., to decrease to a smaller gap G2). In this way, the unitizing gasket 312 may continue to hold the clamping members 302a, 302b in position while its bottom portion 330 may shorten. In some embodiments, the outboard portion of the gasket's bottom portion 330 may bend downward into the space provided by the housing's outboard lower cavity 120a, and the inboard portion of the gasket's bottom portion 330 may bend downward into the space provided by the housing's inboard lower cavity 120b. In some embodiments, the outboard and inboard portions of the gasket's bottom portion 330 may include thicknesses that are less than the middle portion of the gasket's bottom portion 330 so that the outboard and inboard portions may more easily fold downward. The thicker middle portion also may provide additional support and cushion to a panel 400 configured within the channel 112.
In some embodiments, the bottom of the panel 400 may be inserted into the clamping assembly's channel 303 and the threaded clamping screws 204a, 204b may be rotated to cause the inward clamping motions of the clamping members 302a, 302b. This in turn causes the clamping members 302a, 302b to clamp and thereby hold and support the panel 400 within the system 10 (as shown in
In some exemplary embodiments hereof as shown in
Benefits of the System
The benefits of the system 10 are multifold and include, without limitation:
First, the system 10 provides a weather seal at the vertical edges of glass panels 400 and doorway jambs used with heavy glass entrances.
Second, the narrow profile of the system 10 maintains a frameless glass look for the glass panels 400 it is used to secure.
For example, when used to support glass panels 400 with thicknesses of ⅜″, ½″, and/or 9/16″, the housing 100 may be about 26/32″ wide by about 2 1/16″ deep. When used to support glass panels 400 with thicknesses of ¾″ and/or 13/16″, the housing 100 may be about 26/32″ wide by 2 5/16″ deep. And when used to support glass panels 400 with a thickness of 1″, the housing 100 may be about 1⅛″ wide by about 2½″ deep.
It is understood that the example dimensions of the housing 100 shown above are meant for demonstration and that the housing 100 and the overall system 10 may be dimensioned as necessary to support any type of panel 400 of any thickness. For example, the system 10 can be configured for greater I.G. thicknesses when future building codes may require improved energy efficiencies. The system 10 also may be configured for lesser I.G. thicknesses as required. Accordingly, it is understood that the scope of the system 10 is not limited in any way by its dimensions or the thicknesses of the panel(s) that it may be adapted to support.
Third, the system 10 grips the vertical edges of a glass panel 400 without the need for adhesive tape, adhesives or other types of additional attachment mechanisms.
Fourth, no special tools are required during installation. The system only requires one tee handle hex wrench to operate the control assembly 200 (e.g., to rotate the clamp screws 204).
Fifth, the control assembly 200 (e.g., the clamp screws 204) is accessible at a single face opposite the glass panel 400 secured therein. This allows for unrestricted turning of the hex drive wrench during installation.
Sixth, the system 10 is compatible with a broad range of glass panel thicknesses and compositions.
Seventh, the system 10 may ship as a complete unit, ready for installation without assembly.
Eighth, the force translation surfaces 324 may be adjusted (e.g., thickness, position, angle, etc.) to accommodate clamping force sensitive insulating glass units.
Ninth, the clamp screw stop surfaces 108 prevent damage to the clamping members 302 potentially caused by over torqueing of the clamp screws 204.
Tenth, the clamp screw stop surfaces 108 enable the regulation of clamping forces to the panel 400 held by the system 10.
Eleventh, the system 10 controls the clamping force a desired limit, when used in conjunction with insulating glass to preserve integrity of the perimeter seals that create the interior cavity between the glass lites, thereby preventing gases from escaping, and water from entering.
It is understood that the benefits shown above are meant for demonstration and that other benefits of the system 10 may also exist. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate and understand, upon reading this description, that embodiments hereof may provide different and/or other advantages, and that not all embodiments or implementations need have all advantages.
It is also understood that any aspect or detail of any embodiment described herein or otherwise may be combined with any other aspect or detail of any other embodiment to form an additional embodiment that is also within the scope of the system 10.
Where a process is described herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the process may operate without any user intervention. In another embodiment, the process includes some human intervention (e.g., a step is performed by or with the assistance of a human).
As used herein, including in the claims, the phrase “at least some” means “one or more,” and includes the case of only one. Thus, e.g., the phrase “at least some ABCs” means “one or more ABCs”, and includes the case of only one ABC.
As used herein, including in the claims, term “at least one” should be understood as meaning “one or more”, and therefore includes both embodiments that include one or multiple components. Furthermore, dependent claims that refer to independent claims that describe features with “at least one” have the same meaning, both when the feature is referred to as “the” and “the at least one”.
As used in this description, the term “portion” means some or all. So, for example, “A portion of X” may include some of “X” or all of “X”. In the context of a conversation, the term “portion” means some or all of the conversation.
As used herein, including in the claims, the phrase “using” means “using at least,” and is not exclusive. Thus, e.g., the phrase “using X” means “using at least X.” Unless specifically stated by use of the word “only”, the phrase “using X” does not mean “using only X.”
As used herein, including in the claims, the phrase “based on” means “based in part on” or “based, at least in part, on,” and is not exclusive. Thus, e.g., the phrase “based on factor X” means “based in part on factor X” or “based, at least in part, on factor X.” Unless specifically stated by use of the word “only”, the phrase “based on X” does not mean “based only on X.”
In general, as used herein, including in the claims, unless the word “only” is specifically used in a phrase, it should not be read into that phrase.
As used herein, including in the claims, the phrase “distinct” means “at least partially distinct.” Unless specifically stated, distinct does not mean fully distinct. Thus, e.g., the phrase, “X is distinct from Y” means that “X is at least partially distinct from Y,” and does not mean that “X is fully distinct from Y.” Thus, as used herein, including in the claims, the phrase “X is distinct from Y” means that X differs from Y in at least some way.
It should be appreciated that the words “first,” “second,” and so on, in the description and claims, are used to distinguish or identify, and not to show a serial or numerical limitation. Similarly, letter labels (e.g., “(A)”, “(B)”, “(C)”, and so on, or “(a)”, “(b)”, and so on) and/or numbers (e.g., “(i)”, “(ii)”, and so on) are used to assist in readability and to help distinguish and/or identify, and are not intended to be otherwise limiting or to impose or imply any serial or numerical limitations or orderings. Similarly, words such as “particular,” “specific,” “certain,” and “given,” in the description and claims, if used, are to distinguish or identify, and are not intended to be otherwise limiting.
As used herein, including in the claims, the terms “multiple” and “plurality” mean “two or more,” and include the case of “two.” Thus, e.g., the phrase “multiple ABCs,” means “two or more ABCs,” and includes “two ABCs.” Similarly, e.g., the phrase “multiple PQRs,” means “two or more PQRs,” and includes “two PQRs.”
The present invention also covers the exact terms, features, values and ranges, etc. in case these terms, features, values and ranges etc. are used in conjunction with terms such as about, around, generally, substantially, essentially, at least etc. (i.e., “about 3” or “approximately 3” shall also cover exactly 3 or “substantially constant” shall also cover exactly constant).
As used herein, including in the claims, singular forms of terms are to be construed as also including the plural form and vice versa, unless the context indicates otherwise. Thus, it should be noted that as used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
Throughout the description and claims, the terms “comprise”, “including”, “having”, and “contain” and their variations should be understood as meaning “including but not limited to”, and are not intended to exclude other components unless specifically so stated.
It will be appreciated that variations to the embodiments of the invention can be made while still falling within the scope of the invention. Alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose can replace features disclosed in the specification, unless stated otherwise. Thus, unless stated otherwise, each feature disclosed represents one example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The present invention also covers the exact terms, features, values and ranges, etc. in case these terms, features, values and ranges etc. are used in conjunction with terms such as about, around, generally, substantially, essentially, at least etc. (i.e., “about 3” shall also cover exactly 3 or “substantially constant” shall also cover exactly constant).
Use of exemplary language, such as “for instance”, “such as”, “for example” (“e.g.,”) and the like, is merely intended to better illustrate the invention and does not indicate a limitation on the scope of the invention unless specifically so claimed.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4763453 | Horgan, Jr. | Aug 1988 | A |
| 6434905 | Sprague | Aug 2002 | B1 |
| 7963077 | Lin | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 9777484 | Header | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9816276 | Noble | Nov 2017 | B2 |
| 10718117 | Noble | Jul 2020 | B2 |
| 20150240851 | Giacometti | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| WO-2016024299 | Feb 2016 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210381305 A1 | Dec 2021 | US |
