Patent Application
20120152662
This application claims priority to European Patent Application No. 10196218.1, filed Dec. 21, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference.
The disclosure relates to an elevator installation with at least one elevator cage carrier which can receive two or more elevator cages.
A double-decker elevator is known from EP 1 074 503 A2. In the known elevator a first elevator cage and a second elevator are arranged vertically one above the other. In addition, a spindle drive is provided which serves for actuation of the two elevator cages. In a case of actuation, the two elevator cages are moved either towards one another or away from one another.
The double-decker elevator known from EP 1 074 503 A2 can result in the spindle drive having a relatively high level of friction, so that an unfavorable level of efficiency for adjustment of the two elevator cages arises. Specifically, this obliges a correspondingly large dimensioning of the drive for adjustment of the two elevator cages. Moreover, the achievable adjustment speed is relatively low. In addition, there is the problem that in operation the spindle is exposed to environmental influences, especially dust, whereby problems with respect to increased friction are exacerbated. This can also require frequent maintenance and lubrication.
At least some embodiments comprise an elevator installation in which a spacing between the elevator cages arranged at the elevator cage carrier is quickly and reliably settable.
In particular embodiments, an elevator installation comprises at least one elevator cage carrier movable in a travel space provided for travel of the elevator cage carrier, a first elevator cage arranged at the elevator cage carrier, a second elevator cage arranged the elevator cage carrier and at least one adjusting device serving for adjustment of the first and second elevator cages relative to the elevator cage carrier. In that case the adjusting device comprises at least one first rack connected with the first elevator cage at least indirectly, at least one second rack connected with the second elevator cage at least indirectly and at least one pinion engaging in the first and second racks. In this regard, the first and second racks are so arranged with respect to the pinion that a rotation of the pinion sets the first and second elevator cages in motion in opposite directions.
Through the co-operation of a rack and the pinion of the adjusting device a mechanically positive connection is formed. This mechanically positive connection can accept not only tension forces, but also compression forces which act on the first and second elevator cages during braking or acceleration of the elevator cage carrier. A special safety brake or braking device, which serves for safety-braking or braking the first and second elevator cages with respect to the elevator cage carrier, can thereby be eliminated. The adjusting device thus enables, apart from adjustment of the first and second elevator cages relative to the elevator cage carrier, also a more secure fastening of the first and second elevator cages to the elevator cage carrier. Operational safety can thereby be improved.
In the case of simultaneous movement of the first and second elevator cages in opposite direction a high relative speed between the first and second elevator cages can be achieved. The spacing between the first and second elevator cages is thus also settable particularly quickly.
In addition, through the special arrangement of the first and second racks with respect to the pinion a compensation for the weight force of the first and second elevator cages is possible. Thus, only a small drive torque is needed for adjustment of the spacing between the first and second elevator cages. A drive of the pinion can consequently be kept relatively small.
In an embodiment of the elevator installation the elevator cage carrier can be arranged, for example, in an elevator shaft. In this regard, a drive engine unit serving for actuation of the elevator cage carrier can be provided in the elevator shaft. The elevator cage carrier is thereby movable along the provided travel path. In this regard, the elevator cage carrier can be suspended at a traction means. The traction means can in that case be guided in suitable manner over a drive pulley of the drive engine unit. In this regard, such a traction means can have the function, apart from the function of transmission of force or torque of the drive engine unit to the elevator cage carrier in order to actuate the elevator cage carrier, of also supporting the elevator cage carrier. By actuation of the elevator cage carrier there is to be understood, in particular, raising or lowering of the elevator cage carrier. The elevator cage carrier can be guided by one or more guide rails arranged in the elevator shaft.
In further embodiments, the pinion is connected in stationary position with the elevator cage carrier and drivable by a drive. In this regard, the pinion is possibly connected with the elevator cage carrier in the region of a cross beam of the elevator cage carrier. The pinion thus represents a coupling element between the first and second racks and the elevator cage carrier. The first and second elevator cages are therefore coupled to the elevator cage carrier at least by way of the adjusting device.
In additional embodiments, the first rack is connected with the first elevator cage in the region of the roof of the first elevator cage. Correspondingly, the second rack is also connected with the second elevator cage in the region of the roof of the second elevator cage. Consequently, the length of the respective rack can be kept short. Alternatively thereto, the first and second racks are also connectable with the respectively associated elevator cages in the region of the floor.
Possibly, the engagement of the first rack in the pinion takes place in a first direction and the engagement of the second rack in the pinion takes place in a second direction, wherein the first direction is at least approximately opposite to the second direction. The mechanism for conversion into a movement direction of the first and second racks or the first and second elevator cages in opposite sense on rotation of the pinion is thus realized in simple manner.
In some embodiments, at least one cage guide rail, which is connected in stationary position with the elevator cage carrier, is provided in order to guide the first and second elevator cages. In this regard, a movement of the first and second elevator cages relative to the elevator cage is guided.
In further embodiments, the adjusting device comprises a further first rack, a further second rack and a further pinion. In that case the further pinion is connected in stationary position with the elevator cage carrier. Moreover, the further first rack is connected with the first elevator cage at least indirectly and the further second rack is connected with the second elevator cage at least indirectly. In that case the further pinion and the first and second racks can be arranged on a side of the elevator cage carrier diagonally opposite to the pinion. This can enable a balanced suspension of the first and second elevator cages relative to the respective center of gravity. In this embodiment the pinion and the further pinion are possibly driven by a common drive. In that case, for example, a transmission is provided between the drive and pinion and the further pinion. Alternatively thereto the pinion and the further pinion can also be connected with the drive by way of a skewed drive shaft. Fewer drives for driving the pinions are thus needed. In addition, the control of the drives is less complex, since the demands with respect to synchronous rotation of the pinions can be realized more simply.
In some embodiments, a further adjusting device serving for adjustment of the first and second elevator cages relative to the elevator cage carrier is provided. In that case, the further adjusting device is arranged on a side of the elevator cage carrier remote from the adjusting device.
In these further embodiments with two adjusting devices the pinions and the further pinions are possibly driven by a common drive. In that case, for example, in each instance two opposite pinions of the adjusting device and the further adjusting device are operatively connected by means of a common drive shaft. In addition, for example, at least one transmission couples the drive to the drive shafts.
Alternatively thereto, each two opposite pinions of the adjusting device and the further adjusting device are driven by a respective common drive. In this regard, a synchronous operation of the drives can be ensured by a control unit.
Further embodiments constrainedly guide a first and second rack with respect to an associated pinion so that the first and second racks reliably engage in the pinion. A rack is possibly constrainedly guided with respect to the pinion by means of a counter-pressure roller. Alternatively or additionally thereto a rack is guided by means of one or more slide guides at the elevator cage carrier.
Exemplifying embodiments of the disclosed technologies are explained in more detail in the following description on the basis of the accompanying drawing, in which corresponding elements are provided with corresponding reference numerals and in which:
The elevator cage carrier 2 comprises longitudinal beams 6, 7 which are connected together by way of cross beams 8, 9, 10. Arranged at the cross beam 10 are rollers 11, 12 around which a traction means 13 is guided. The traction means 13 additionally runs around a drive pulley 14 of a drive engine unit 15. In correspondence with the instantaneous rotational direction of the drive pulley 14 driven by the drive engine unit 15 the elevator cage carrier 2 is moved upwardly in a direction 16 or downwardly in a direction 17 through the travel space 3. The elevator cage carrier 2 can thus move through the travel space 3 in the travel directions 16, 17.
A first elevator cage 20 and a second elevator cage 21 are arranged at the elevator cage carrier 2. In this exemplifying embodiment not only the first elevator cage 20, but also the second elevator cage 21 are suspended relative to the elevator cage carrier 2 by means of an adjusting unit 34.
The adjusting unit 34 comprises at least one first rack 60.1, second rack 61.1 and pinion 29. The first rack 60.1 engages in the pinion 29 from outside and the second rack 61.1 engages in the pinion 29 from inside. In this regard, on the one hand an operative connection between the pinion 29 and the second rack 60.1 and on the other hand an operative connection between the pinion 29 and the second rack 61.1 are formed. Moreover, the first rack 60.1 is connected with the first elevator cage 20 and the second rack 61.1 is connected with the second elevator cage 21. In order to keep the length of the first and second racks 60.1, 61.1 as short as possible, the first and second racks 60.1, 61.1 are connected with the respective elevator cage 20, 21 in the region of the roof 54, 52. Stability and weight advantages relative to a construction with longer racks result therefrom. The first and second racks 60.1, 61.1 possibly have a toothing only in the upper region 61.1 thereof. In that case, the toothing is matched to the stroke height of the first elevator cage 20.
Moreover, a drive 70 is provided which is fastened to the elevator cage carrier, for example in the region of the upper cross beam 10. The drive serves for driving the pinion 29. The drive is typically connected with the rack 29 by way of a drive axle.
A torque of the drive can be converted by way of the co-operation of the pinion 29 with the racks 60.1, 61.1 into an adjusting force in order to adjust the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 relative to the elevator cage carrier 2. In that case the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 are adjustable in opposite adjustment directions 32, 36 or 33, 35 depending on the respective rotational sense of the pinion 29.
The adjusting device 34 thus enables a raising 35 and lowering 36 of the first elevator cage 20 and a raising 32 and lowering 33 of the second elevator cage 21 in opposite directions relative to the elevator cage carrier 2. A spacing between the elevator cages 20, 21 can thereby be varied within certain limits. Thus, a positioning of the two elevator cages 20, 21 with respect to the stories 4, 5 can be carried out in advantageous manner.
Thus, for moving up to the stories 4, 5 the spacing between the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 can be set so that this corresponds with the spacing between adjacent stories 4, 5. The elevator cage frame 2 with the two elevator cages 20, 21 is moved by means of the drive engine unit 15 to the level of the stopping point of the story 4, 5. In that case a disembarkation level 40 of the first elevator cage 20, which is defined by a floor cover 53 of the first elevator cage 20, and a disembarkation level 50 of the second elevator cage 21, which is defined by a floor cover 51 of the second elevator cage 21, are brought at least approximately into coincidence with the level of the stopping point 4 and the level of the stopping point 5. In this regard, a positioning of the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 relative to the elevator cage carrier 2 can be carried out already before reaching the stopping point 4, 5.
Thus, compensation can be provided for differences, which exist within the building, in the story spacings. For example, a story spacing can vary within the building, since in part false floors for accommodating ventilating or air-conditioning equipment are provided. A further example is a different story height. For example, a reception with a larger room height can be provided in a ground floor.
During adjustment of the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 relative to the elevator cage carrier 2 and also in a case of fixing of the first and second elevator cages 21 relative to the elevator cage carrier 2 a mechanically positive couple between the pinion 29 and, respectively, the first and second racks 60.1, 61.1 can often be guaranteed. Thus, for example, in the case of initiation of an emergency stop a reliable fixing of the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 to the elevator cage carrier 2 can be guaranteed. Separate equipment, particularly a braking device and safety brake, can therefore be eliminated.
In the illustrated example the adjusting device 34 comprises a further pinion 28 which is connected with the elevator cage frame 2 on a side of the elevator cages 20, 21 which is opposite with respect to the pinion 29. Here, too, the pinion 28 is possibly arranged in the region of the upper cross beam 10. Moreover, a further first rack 60.2 and a further second rack 61.2 are provided. The further first rack 60.2 is similarly connected with the first elevator cage 20 and engages from outside in the second pinion 28. The further second rack 61.2 is connected with the second elevator cage 21 and engages in the further pinion from inside. Here, too, the further first and second racks 60.2, 61.2 are toothed only in an upper region 30.2, 31.2.
The pinion 29 and the further pinion 28 are possibly drivable by a common drive. Typically, the pinion 29 and the further pinion 28 are connected with the common drive by way of a transmission.
In a further form of embodiment of an adjusting unit 34 with two pinions 29, 28 the pinion 29 is arranged on the front side of the elevator cage frame 2 and the further pinion 28 on the rear side of the elevator cage frame 2. The further pinion 28 is thus attached to the elevator cage frame 2 diagonally opposite with respect to the pinion 29. In that case, the pinion 29 and the further pinion 28 are coupled to the common drive by means of a similarly diagonally oriented drive shaft. A coupling by way of a transmission is equally usable here.
In a further form of embodiment, in addition to the adjusting device 34 a further adjusting device is provided. The further adjusting device similarly has two pinions and two racks which engage in the respective pinion. The arrangement as well as the functioning of the pinions and racks of the further adjusting device can be identical to those of the adjusting device 34. In that case, the pinions and the racks of the further adjusting device are arranged on a side of the elevator cage frame remote from the adjusting device 34. The pinions 29 as well as the further pinions 28 are possibly drivable by means of a common drive. In that regard, a drive shaft connects a first pair of aligned pinions 29 and a second pair of aligned further pinions 28. The common drive drives the drive shafts by means of at least one transmission.
Moreover, a pair of cage guide rails for guidance of the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 in the elevator cage frame 2 is provided. The cage guide rails are fastened to the elevator cage frame 2, possibly each to a respective longitudinal beam 6, 7. In this case, the first and second elevator cages 20, 21 can be reliably guided in the elevator cage frame 2 during adjusting movement.
The respective racks 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2 are possibly constrainedly guided. The constrained guidance is such that the racks 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2 run at a predetermined spacing past the associated pinions 29, 28 and always engage in the associated pinion 29, 28. A reliable operative connection is thereby created. In at least some cases, a mechanically positive connection is always ensured, since slipping of the racks 60.1, 61, 61.1, 61.2 out of the pinions 29, 28 is reliably prevented. A high level of operating safety is, in at least some cases, thereby guaranteed.
The constrained guides are, for example, realizable as counter-pressure rollers 40.1, 41.1, 40.2, 41.2 or as a sliding guide. In that case, possibly at least one constrained guide per rack 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2 is provided.
A counter-pressure roller 40.1, 41.1, 40.2, 41.2 is fastened to the elevator cage frame 2 at substantially the same level as an associated pinion 29, 28. Moreover, each counter-pressure roller 40.1, 41.1, 40.2, 41.2 runs on the rear side of an associated rack 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2, i.e. on the side of a rack remote from the toothing 30.1, 31.1, 30.2, 31.2. In this regard, the counter-pressure roller 40.1, 41.1, 40.2, 41.2 acts on the associated rack 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2 in a direction which is opposite to a direction in which the associated pinion 29, 98 engages in the rack 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2. The mechanically positive connection between the pinion 28 and the rack 61 is, in at least some cases, thereby guaranteed even in a case of occurrence of transverse forces or the like. A high level of operational safety is, in at least some cases, thereby achieved.
Alternatively or in addition to the counter-pressure roller a sliding guide per rack 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2 can be provided. The sliding guide comprises one or more sliding guide elements which are fastened to the elevator cage 2 along the course of a rack 60.1, 61.1, 60.2, 61.2. A sliding guide is possibly designed as a slide shore, as a guide bush or the like.
Since the design of the elevator cage carrier 2 with the elevator cages 20, 21 requires relatively few components, the overall mass is relatively low. Moreover, a high level of efficiency in the co-operation of a pinion with a rack can be achieved, so that an advantageous dimensioning of a drive is possible. Moreover, a high adjusting speed can be realized. A further advantage consists in that the adjusting is connected with a low output of noise and thus is very quiet. Specifically, an adjustment can also be achieved with a relatively small drive. In this regard, the drive can comprise, apart from an electric motor, also a transmission. The drive is then designed as a transmission/drive unit.
Having illustrated and described the principles of the disclosed technologies, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the disclosed embodiments can be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from such principles. In view of the many possible embodiments to which the principles of the disclosed technologies can be applied, it should be recognized that the illustrated embodiments are only examples of the technologies and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Rather, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims and their equivalents. I therefore claim as my invention all that comes within the scope and spirit of these claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10196218.1 | Dec 2010 | EP | regional |
