Patent Application
20170043374
The present invention relates generally to a lighting fixture. In particular, the present invention relates a double layer coating method for a lighting fixture.
A lighting fixture is designed to direct light to provide efficient illumination of objects or surface areas. An important component of the lighting fixture is a reflective metal which provides directivity of the light produced by the light sources. The lighting fixture includes a base metal material which is typically coated with a reflective layer to provide visible light reflectivity and to protect the metal material from the environment.
The reflective layer is often applied as an adhesive film or as a single coating layer via a thermal or ultraviolet (UV) curing process. Solvent borne coatings are also used as a single layer. The use of thermal or UV curing processes may result in a high gloss coating. Efficient total reflectivity and low gloss can be difficult to achieve with a single coating layer.
In light emitting diode (LED) applications, it is often desirable to achieve a low gloss coating in order to prevent the appearance of individual LED devices as reflected from the fixture surface. Therefore, in existing LED applications, implementation of thermal or UV curing processes fails to result in a desired low gloss coating on the lighting fixture.
Given the foregoing deficiencies, a need exists for a double layer coating for a lighting fixture. Particularly, methods are needed for forming the double layer coating for light reflection in lighting fixtures (i.e., LED lighting fixtures), to produce the desired low gloss coating without using a curing or thermal process.
In one exemplary embodiment, a double layer coating for a lighting fixture is provided. The double layer coating for a lighting fixture includes a first coating layer of a reflective material disposed on an outer metal layer of the lighting fixture, and a second coating layer and disposed on the first coating layer and forming a matte external surface for the lighting fixture. A binder content of the first coating layer is higher than a binder content of the second coating layer.
In another exemplary embodiment, a double layer coating for a lighting fixture is provided. The double layer coating for a lighting fixture includes a first coating layer of a reflective material disposed on an outer metal surface of the lighting fixture; and a second coating layer of a matte material disposed on the first coating layer. A pigment volume concentration of the first coating layer is lower than that of the second coating layer.
In another exemplary embodiment, a double layer coating method for a lighting fixture is provided. The method includes disposing a first coating layer of a reflective material formed by a liquid on an outer metal surface of a lighting fixture, and drying the first coating layer, and disposing a second coating layer of a matte material formed by a liquid on the first coating layer, and drying the second coating layer. A binder content of the first coating layer is higher than a binder content of the second coating layer.
The foregoing has broadly outlined some of the aspects and features of various embodiments, which should be construed to be merely illustrative of various potential applications of the disclosure. Other beneficial results can be obtained by applying the disclosed information in a different manner or by combining various aspects of the disclosed embodiments. Accordingly, other aspects and a more comprehensive understanding may be obtained by referring to the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in addition to the scope defined by the claims.
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. Given the following enabling description of the drawings, the novel aspects of the present disclosure should become evident to a person of ordinary skill in the art. This detailed description uses numerical and letter designations to refer to features in the drawings. Like or similar designations in the drawings and description have been used to refer to like or similar parts of embodiments of the invention.
As required, detailed embodiments are disclosed herein. It must be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of various and alternative forms. As used herein, the word “exemplary” is used expansively to refer to embodiments that serve as illustrations, specimens, models, or patterns. The figures are not necessarily to scale and some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. In other instances, well-known components, systems, materials, or methods that are known to those having ordinary skill in the art have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a double layer coating for a lighting fixture includes first coating layer and a second coating layer. These layers have properties that can be separately adjusted based on the level of reflectivity and gloss needed. The double layer coating of the present invention may provide a high total reflectance while maintaining a low gloss appearance, without performance of any special curing or thermal processes. It may be implemented within various types of lighting fixtures to provide efficient illumination of display and surface areas.
The first coating layer 110 is disposed on the outer metal layer 20 of the lighting fixture 10. The first coating layer 110 is formed of particles 112 having a high refractive index (i.e., a refractive index greater than 1.5) and a binder 114. The particles 112 may be formed of a material such as Titania (e.g., anatase or rutile Titania), Alumina, Zirconia or silica.
According to one or more embodiments, the particles 112 are of a spherical shape, and are monodispersed. That is, the particles 112 are of uniform size in a dispersed phase. These particles 112 are free from defects and impurities. The particles 112 have a median size that is specified to emphasize a particular reflectance. For example, the particle size may emphasize a reflectance from blue and red visible wavelengths of light emitted from a lighting source (e.g., LEDs).
The binder 114 of the first coating layer 110 may be a transparent liquid binder possessing a lower refractive index than that of the particles 112. For example, the binder 114 may include a refractive index typical of acrylic or silicone type binders. Many types of polymeric binders would be suitable for the purposes set forth herein.
According to an embodiment, a critical coating design parameter is the pigment volume content (PVC). The PVC is defined as a ratio of the volume of the particles 112 to the volume of the binder 114 in the first coating layer 110. The critical PVC (CPVC) point exists where the volume of the binder 114 is sufficient only to fill voids formed between the particles, as shown in
According to the embodiments, the second coating layer 120 is disposed on the first coating layer 110.
The second coating layer 120 is formed of particles 122 and binder 124. The particles 122 can be spherical in shape but are not uniformly spaced from each other. Further the particles 122 can be overlapping and polydispersed in comparison to the particles 112 of the first coating layer 110. The particles 122 are formed of Titania (e.g., anatase or rutile Titania), Alumina, Zirconia or silica or some other types of material similar to or different from that of the particles 112 of the first coating layer 110.
According to another embodiment, the particles 112 of the first coating layer 110 can be formed of anatase Titania and the particles 122 of the second coating layer 120 may be formed of rutile Titania. Further, the particles 122 can be formed of the same size and shape as that of the particles 112, however the present invention is not limited hereto. The particles 112 and 122 may be of different sizes and shapes in accordance with alternative embodiments. The second coating layer 120 provides a matte finish without the loss of the reflective properties of the first layer.
The volume fraction (or PVC) of the particles 122 of the second coating layer 120 is greater than or equal to the CPVC, to minimize gloss and create a matte finish. For example, if the CPVC is 0.55, then the second coating layer 120 can include a PVC of approximately 0.7 or higher.
As further shown in
The first coating layer 110 includes a higher binder content than that of the second coating layer 120. The second coating layer 120 includes less binder and thereby forms low gloss, matte external surface of the lighting fixture 10. The low gloss condition of the second coating layer 120 improves the appearance of the lighting fixture 10 when utilizing discrete LED devices.
The second coating layer 120 is a thin coating layer. The thickness of the first coating layer 110 is greater than the thickness of the second coating layer 120. The thickness of the first coating layer 110 may range from approximately 30 to 200 microns and the thickness of the second coating layer 120 may range from approximately 10 to 50 microns. The thicknesses of the first coating layer 110 and the second coating layer 120 may be adjusted separately to adjust coating performance for different lighting environments.
For example, in a warehouse or manufacturing plant, lighting fixtures may not require a low gloss appearance and therefore, the thickness of the first coating layer 110 may be adjusted to be significantly greater than that of the second coating layer 120, or the second coating layer 120 may be omitted. On the other hand, a retail or office environment may require a low gloss appearance, and therefore, the second coating layer 120 may be adjusted to be of a thickness which optimizes the matte finish behavior.
According to the embodiments, the double layer coating 100 involves a liquid coating application for both layers 110 and 120. Therefore, the first coating layer 110 and the second coating layer 120 may be disposed using a dip, spray or flow coating method followed by air-drying. The binder 114 or 124 may disposed and then the particles 112 or 122 may be added to the respective binder 114 or 124 when forming the respective first coating layer 110 or the second coating layer 120. The present invention, does not implement any special curing or thermal processes for forming the double layer coating 100.
As shown in
From operation 210, the process continues to operation 220 where a second coating layer 120 is disposed on the first coating layer 110. The second coating layer 120 may be disposed using a similar liquid coating and air-drying operations as that of the first coating layer 110 performed in operation 210.
The first coating layer 110 includes a higher binder content than the second coating layer 120.
The thickness of the first coating layer 110 and the second coating layer 120 may be separately adjusted during manufacturing based on the lighting environment as discussed above. When high reflectance is desirable, the thickness of the first coating layer 110 may be significantly greater than that of the second coating layer 120, and when low gloss is desirable, the thickness of the second coating layer 120 may be more comparable to that of the first coating layer 110.
Embodiments of the present invention provide the advantages of forming a double layer coating on a lighting fixture without any special curing or thermal processes and controlling the reflectivity and gloss of the appearance of the lighting fixture by controlling the PVC of the first and second coating layers of the double layer coating, and separately adjusting the thickness of the first and second coating layers.
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
