This disclosure relates to lifting assist devices and, more particularly, to lifting assist devices operated by pressurized control fluid.
Lifting assist devices, which may also be referred to as load balancing hoists, are used in a variety of industries to help operators manually position relatively heavy loads efficiently and ergonomically. For example, lift assist devices are used in airports to help baggage handlers move luggage between various conveyor lines and transport carts. Lift assist devices are also used in manufacturing assembly plants to help workers move and position components relative to a work piece being assembled. Although the structure of a lifting assist device can vary, typical designs utilize electrical or pneumatic power to raise and lower a hoisting cable to which a load is attached. In use, an operator will raise or lower the load using the lift assist device until the load is at a desired height. Once positioned, the lift assist device can counterbalance the weight of the load, leaving the load in a suspended position and permitting the operator to manually manipulate the load at the suspended height.
In some applications, lift assist devices are used with auxiliary lifting features, such as vacuum attachment connectors, that can quickly suction/attach a load to the lift assist device and release the load once positioned at a desired location. In these applications, a vacuum hose may extend from a vacuum source to the vacuum attachment connectors positioned at the end of the lift device. Since typical lift assist devices are not themselves weight balanced, they cannot be attached to swivel as an operator rotates around the lift assist device. As a result, during use when an operator rotates loads and moves around the lift assist device, the vacuum hose can become tangled with the lift device itself, necessitating work stoppage to untangle the vacuum hose from the lift assist device.
In general, this disclosure is directed to load-balancing hoists having multiple pulleys that translate relative to a stationary center pulley. In some examples, the load-balancing hoist includes a housing containing first and second movable pulleys that are separated by a stationary pulley. The first and second movable pulleys may be contained within pistons that move within the housing and bound opposite end of the housing to create a pressure chamber enclosed by one or more walls of the housing and the pistons. In operation, a pressurized control fluid is introduced into the pressure chamber. The pressurized control fluid contacts the movable pulleys and/or pistons, pushing the movable pulleys away from the stationary pulley. When this occurs, a cable wound at least partially around the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, and the stationary pulley can be drawn into the load-balancing hoist housing, lifting a load attached to a terminal end of the cable. When the pressurized control fluid is allowed to discharge from the pressure chamber, the movable pulleys can move back toward the stationary pulley, lowering the cable and/or the load attached to the terminal end of the cable.
Although the design of the load-balancing hoist can vary, in some examples, the hoist carries a single attachment member such as a hook substantially centered on the hoist and configured to attach to an overhead location. For example, the hoist may be attached using the single attachment member so that it is horizontally oriented and the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are positioned to move substantially horizontally (e.g., parallel) with respect to ground. In use, the movable pulleys may each move at substantially the same rate and substantially the same distance relative to the stationary pulley. This can keep the center of mass of the load-balancing hoist substantially centered around the attachment member. As a result, if the end user desires to attach the load-balancing hoist to an overhead system via a swivel connection, it may do so without impacting the stability or usability of the hoist. In instances in which the load-balancing hoist is used with an auxiliary lifting feature, such as a vacuum attachment connection, the load-balancing hoist can swivel without tangling a corresponding vacuum hose.
In one example, a load-balancing device is described that includes a housing defining an interior chamber, a first movable pulley positioned within the interior chamber, a second movable pulley positioned within the interior chamber, a stationary pulley positioned between the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley within the interior chamber, and a cable wound at least partially around the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, and the stationary pulley. The cable is configured to connect to a load to be lifted. The example specifies that the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are configured to move away from the stationary pulley in response to a pressurized control fluid being introduced into the interior chamber, thereby lifting the load.
In another example, a load-balancing system is described that includes a load-balancing device and a pressurized fluid source. According to the example, the load-balancing device includes a housing defining a chamber containing a first piston, a second piston, and a stationary pulley-block. The first piston has a first pulley receiving cavity that contains a first movable pulley. The second piston has a second pulley receiving cavity that contains a second movable pulley. The stationary pulley-block contains a stationary pulley. The load-balancing device further includes a cable configured to connect to a load to be lifted that is wound at least partially around the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, and the stationary pulley. According to the example, the pressurized fluid source is connected to the housing and configured to introduce pressurized control fluid into the chamber. The example specifies that the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are configured to move away from the stationary pulley in response to the pressurized control fluid being introduced into the chamber, thereby lifting the load. The example also specifies that the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are configured to move toward the stationary pulley in response to the pressurized control fluid exiting the chamber, thereby lowering the load.
In another example, a method is described that includes introducing a pressurized control fluid in a chamber of a load-balancing device, thereby causing a first movable pulley and a second movable pulley located inside of the chamber to move away from a stationary pulley also located inside of the chamber. The method includes, in response to the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley moving away from the stationary pulley, drawing a cable wound at least partially around the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, and the stationary pulley into an interior of the pressure chamber, thereby lifting a load attached a terminal end of the cable.
The details of one or more examples are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
This disclosure generally relates to load-balancing hoists capable of lifting and/or lowering comparatively heavy loads and also holding the loads and at a desired elevation for an extended period of time (e.g., greater than 30 seconds, greater than 5 minutes, greater than 30 minutes). Although the load-balancing hoist can be used to lift lighter loads, such as those less than 10 pounds, in practice, the load-balancing hoist may find greater applicability lifting heavier loads. For example, the load-balancing hoist may lift loads greater than 20 pounds, such as greater than 50 pounds, greater than 250 pounds, or a load ranging from 50 pounds to 300 pounds. The load-balancing hoist can be used to lift any type of load including, for example, packaged goods, manufacturing components being assembled, luggage, mechanical parts being worked upon, and the like.
Although a load-balancing hoist in accordance with the disclosure can have different design features, in some examples, the hoist includes a pair of movable pulley blocks that are configured to translate relative to a stationary pulley block. The movable pulley blocks may each contain one or more pulleys and can form a piston that slides within a housing. The piston may act as a pressure barrier allowing for separate pressure conditions on each side of the piston. In use, an operator may control a pressurized fluid source to introduce pressurized fluid into a space separating the pair of movable pulley blocks. When the pressure inside of the load-balancing hoist is sufficient to overcome the weight of the load attached to the hoist, the pressure can push the pulley blocks in opposite directions away from each other and the stationary pulley block. When this occurs, a hoist cable connected to the movable pulley blocks and the stationary pulley block can be retracted inside of the load-balancing hoist, lifting a load attached at the external end of the cable. Releasing the pressure inside of the load-balancing hoist can allow the pulley blocks to move back toward each other and toward the stationary pulley block. This can extend the cable back out of the load-balancing hoist, lowering a load attached at the external end of the cable.
In the example of
Load-balancing device 12 in the example of
Positioning attachment member 18 about the center of load-balancing device 12 may be useful to help keep the device horizontally oriented when in storage and/or when in operation. For example, load-balancing device 12 in
As described in greater detail, when load-balancing device 12 is oriented with its major axis extending substantially horizontally with respect to ground, movable pulleys within the device may be positioned to move substantially horizontally and parallel to ground. For example, the pulleys may be configured to move back and forth along the major length of load-balancing device 12 during operation, thereby moving along the direction of orientation of the device. While load-balancing device 12 is illustrated as being oriented horizontally with respect to ground, in other applications, the device may be positioned vertically with respect to ground. When so arranged, the major length of load-balancing device 12 may extend substantially orthogonally with respect to ground 20.
In load-balancing system 10, a hoist cable 22 extends downwardly from load-balancing device 12. Hoist cable 22 can retract (at least partially) up into an interior of load-balancing device 12 to raise a load attached at an end of the cable and extend (at least partially) out from the interior of the device to lower a load. In different examples, hoist cable 22 can be a rope, a metal cable (e.g., braided metal cable), a chain, or other type of cable of suitable strength to lift and/or lower a desired load. In one example, hoist cable 22 is a polymeric (e.g., nylon) coated cable. When used, the polymeric coating can help seal a pressure chamber established inside of load-balancing device 12 from the exterior environment.
Hoist cable 22 in the example of
In operation, a pressurized control fluid from pressurized fluid source 14 is introduced into the space between first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54. When pressure building inside of housing 50 generates a force sufficient to overcome the weight of the load attached to cable 22, first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54 move away from stationary pulley 56. In particular, in the configuration of
To lower a load attached to cable 22, pressurized control fluid may be discharged from the space between first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54. As the weight of the load attached to cable 22 overcomes the force generated by pressure inside of housing 50, first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54 move toward stationary pulley 56. In particular, in the configuration of
Components described as being a pulley, including first movable pulley 52, second movable pulley 54, and stationary pulley 56 may be implemented using any type of pulley structure. In general, each pulley may be a wheel (e.g., circular, elliptical, eccentric) with a grooved rim around which a cord passes. For example, cable 22 may wrap at least partially (e.g., at least 45 degrees, at least 90 degrees) around the perimeter of each pulley, causing the cable to change direction as it wraps around the pulley. Each pulley may rotate as a load is raised or lowered using load-balancing device 12.
Although first movable pulley 52, second movable pulley 54, and stationary pulley 56 are each illustrated in
To help pressure isolate an interior of housing 50 from an exterior environment while also allowing first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54 to move within the housing, the first movable pulley and second movable pulley may each be attached to pistons. In the configuration of
First piston 62 and second piston 64 may each form a sliding piece moved by or against fluid pressure. For example, in instances in which housing 50 is a cylinder with a circular cross-sectional shape, first piston 62 and second piston 64 may each be a cylinder or disk that fits snugly into the housing and is configured to move back and forth under changing fluid pressure inside of the housing. First piston 62 and second piston 64 may each help pressure isolate an interior of housing 50 from an ambient pressure (e.g., atmospheric pressure) surrounding load-balancing device 12. For example, first piston 62 and second piston 64 may bound opposed ends of a pressure chamber defined collectively by the sidewall(s) of housing 50, first piston 62, and second piston 64. The pressure chamber may receive and hold pressurized control fluid via control fluid inlet 58. For example, as first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54 move to lift or lower a load, first piston 62 and second piston 64 can move with the movable pulleys, causing the pressure chamber to expand or contract in internal volume.
First piston 62 and second piston 64 can have any suitable size and shape. In the example of
Second piston 64 in
In operation, pressurized control fluid entering housing 50 acts on first piston 62 and second piston 64, causing the pistons to translate linearly away from each other to lift a load attached to cable 22. Conversely, when pressurized control fluid is discharged from housing 50, for example to reduce the pressure within the housing back down to atmospheric pressure, first piston 62 and second piston 64 can translate linearly toward each other to lower a load attached to cable 22. In some examples, first movable pulley 52, second movable pulley 54, and/or stationary pulley 56 are positioned inside of housing 50 so that the pulleys do not contact each other when moved to locations of closest proximity. This can prevent the pulleys from banging into each other and cable 22 from inadvertently slipping off of a pulley during operation of load-balancing device 12.
In the example of
Load-balancing device 12 includes stationary pulley 56. Stationary pulley 56 is positioned between first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54. Stationary pulley 56 may be positioned to direct cable 22 from a direction that is parallel to the major length of housing 50 to a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the major length. For example, stationary pulley 56 may receive a length of cable and redirect the cable approximately 90 degrees, e.g., by having the cable wrap partially around the pulley. This may be useful to redirect the direction of lifting and/or lowing force generated by load-balancing device 12 from being generally parallel to ground, when the major axis of the device is oriented generally parallel to ground, to being generally perpendicular to ground.
To hold stationary pulley 56 in a fixed physical position inside of housing 50, load-bearing device 12 may include stationary pulley block 78. Stationary pulley block 78 may be a block or casing located inside of housing 50 to which stationary pulley 56 is mounted. Stationary pulley block 78 can hold stationary pulley 56 in a non-moving position as first piston 62 and second piston 64 translate back and forth inside of housing 50. In some examples, including the example of
Hoist cable 22 is configured to connect to a load to be height adjusted. Cable 22 may extend from an anchored end that does not change height during operation of load-balancing device 12 to a terminal or free end configured to connect to a load, e.g., either directly or indirectly via an intermediate connection member. Cable 22 passes and wraps at least partially about first movable pulley 52, second movable pulley 54, and stationary pulley 56 as it passes from the anchored end to the free end. In the example of
As discussed previously, housing 50 can define an enclosed chamber configured to receive a pressurized control fluid and hold an elevated pressure inside of load-balancing device 12. To help maintain a non-atmospheric pressure inside of housing 50, load-balancing device 12 may include a seal 82 sealing the housing in the region of cable 22. Seal 82 may extend around cable 22 and seal closed the perimeter of an opening in housing 50 through which cable 22 extends. Seal 82 may help maintain a non-atmospheric pressure inside of housing 50 in the region between first movable pulley 52 and second movable pulley 54.
To further enclose housing 50 of load-balancing device 12, the housing may include a first end cap 84 closing a first end of the housing and a second end cap 86 closing a second end of the housing. First end cap 84 and/or second end cap 86 may be removable from housing 50, e.g., to facilitate access to an interior of load-balancing device 12 for servicing the device. Alternatively, first end cap 84 and/or second end cap 86 may be permanently attached to housing 50, e.g., by being welded, cast, or otherwise permanently attached to housing 50. In some examples, the space between first end cap 84 and first piston 62 may be configured to hold a non-atmospheric pressure and the space between second end cap 86 and second piston 64 may also be configured to hold a non-atmospheric pressure. In these examples, housing 50 may define three different pressure chambers: one between first end cap 84 and first piston 62, one between first piston 62 and second piston 64, and one between second piston 64 and second end cap 86. In other examples, the space between first end cap 84 and first piston 62 and/or second end cap 86 and second piston 64 may be at atmospheric pressure.
When configured as shown in
In some examples, first piston 62 and second piston 64 are configured to translate at substantially the same rate and substantially the same distance in response to pressurized control fluid entering or exiting housing 50. In other examples, first piston 62 and second piston 64 may translate at different rates and/or different distances in response to a pressurized control fluid entering or exiting housing 50. First piston 62 and second piston 64 may translate at different rates and/or different distances if, for example, the pistons experience different frictional resistance.
To lower cable 22 from one vertical elevation to a lower vertical elevation, a pressurized control fluid previously introduced into housing 50 may be discharged from the housing. In some examples, the pressurized control fluid is withdrawn from housing 50, e.g., by pulling a vacuum through control fluid inlet 58 to draw the pressurized control fluid out of the housing. In other examples, control fluid inlet 58 is opened to atmospheric pressure, allowing the pressurized control fluid to discharge through the inlet and the pressure inside of housing 50 to equilibrate with atmospheric pressure.
In some examples, first end cap 84 includes a first valve 96 to control the pressure between first piston 62 and the first end cap. Similarly, second end cap 86 may include a second valve 98 to control the pressure between second piston 64 and the second end cap. First valve 96 and second valve 98 may open to atmospheric pressure when first piston 62 and second piston 64 translate back and forth within housing 50. This may release positive pressure that would otherwise build as the pistons translate toward the end caps and/or vacuum pressure that would otherwise build as the pistons translate toward stationary pulley block 78.
In other examples, a pressure source may be connected to first valve 96 and/or second valve 98. The pressure source may be a positive pressure source and/or a negative (vacuum) pressure source, relative to atmospheric pressure. When a negative pressure source is connected to first valve 96 and second valve 98, a vacuum may be generated between the pistons and end caps, helping to pull the pistons outward to lift a load attached to cable 22. When a positive pressure source is connected to first valve 96 and second valve 98, a positive pressure may be generated between the pistons and the end caps, helping to push the pistons toward stationary piston block 78 to lower cable 22. Depending on the design, load-balancing device 12 may be driven by applying and withdrawing pressure between the pistons and end caps without delivering pressurized control fluid between the pistons.
Load-balancing device 12 can be used to lift or lower a variety of different loads and then hold the loads at a desired vertically elevated position for a period of time sufficient for a worker to manipulate the loads. Load-balancing device 12 may provide quick and smooth lifting or lowing, allowing multiple loads to be height adjusted in rapid succession without disrupting the contents of the loads.
Various examples have been described. These and other examples are within the scope of the following claims.