Patent Application
20250207492
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
The present disclosure relates to a downhole separator for separating gas and sand (or other solid material) from fluids produced in oil and gas wells.
Producing dynamic wells in which both gases and solids are present can create certain challenges. When gases and solids are produced with fluids from a well and delivered to other oil and gas equipment, such as pumps, the run life of the other oil and gas equipment can be shortened. Typical solutions to this problem are accomplished with complicated and expensive equipment.
Accordingly, there is a need for a separator that can efficiently separate gas and solids from fluids produced in oil and gas wells.
The present disclosure is directed to a downhole separator for separating a three-phase fluid produced in an oil or gas well. The downhole separator including a tubular body and a radial directed opening in an uphole end of the tubular body for allowing the three-phase fluid to enter the downhole separator while also permitting a gas component of the three-phase fluid to exit the downhole separator. The downhole separator also including a dip tube disposed inside the tubular body for delivering a primarily liquid component of the three-phase fluid to be processed and a first annulus area disposed between the dip tube and the tubular body.
The present disclosure also directed to a method of separating components of a three-phase fluid produced in an oil or gas well. The method includes the step of pumping the three-phase fluid into a downhole separator to separate the three-phase fluid into the separate components.
Referring now to the drawings,
The separator 10 includes an upper jacket 16 with radial directed ports 18 disposed therein to permit the three-phase fluid (liquid, gas and solids) to flow into the separator 10, a body 20 attached to the upper jacket 16, a dip tube 22 that extends at least partially through the body 20 and the upper jacket 18. The body 20 and the upper jacket 18 can be collectively referred to as the tubular body. The ports 18 are also designed to permit accumulated gases to flow out of the separator 10. In one embodiment, there is at least one uphole port 18a and at least one downhole port 18b. In one embodiment, there could be multiple uphole ports 18s and multiple downhole ports 18b. The dip tube 22 has a passageway 24 disposed therein that delivers the liquid/fluid to the pump. A first annulus area 26 is created between the body 20 and the dip tube 22. The first annulus area 26 is in fluid communication with the ports 18 disposed in the upper jacket 16.
In another embodiment, the separator 10 can include a shroud 28 supported on a downhole end 30 of the dip tube 22. A second annulus area 32 exists between the shroud 28 and the body 20 and is in fluid communication with the first annulus area 26. The shroud 28 is wider than the dip tube 22, which causes the first annulus area 26 to be wider than the second annulus area 32. The size differences (radial directed width) between the annulus areas 26 and 32 and the width differences (diameter) between the shroud 28 and the dip tube 22 contribute to the operational aspects of the separator 10. The separator 10 can also include an adapter 34 disposed between the shroud 28 and the dip tube 22. The adapter 34 can include a lower end 36 that can be threadably engaged with the shroud 18 and an upper end 38 that can be threadably engaged with the dip tube 22.
In another embodiment, the separator 10 can include lower jacket member 40 disposed on a downhole end 42 of the body 20. The lower jacket member 40 directs the solids separated out to a desired solids collector. The lower jacket member 40 can include an angled inner surface 42 to direct the solids downward in the separator 10.
The ports 18 in the upper jacket 16 can be sized and shaped such that the liquids, solids and gases can flow into the separator 10 via the ports 18, but also permit gases that enter the separator 10 to coalesce and flow back out of the separator 10. The gases that flow back out of the separator 10 via the ports 18 will flow uphole above the upper jacket 16 in the wellbore 12 to coalesce with any gases that did not flow into the separator 10. The shape of the ports 18 can be any shape such that the separator 10 works as desirable, such as square, rectangular, round, oval, oblong, and the like. The larger sized ports 18 allow the gas component to vent therethrough without breaking surface tension of the gas component bubbles. In one embodiment, the ports 18 are larger than about 0.5 inches across in any direction. In another embodiment, the ports 18 are larger than about 0.75 inches across in any direction. In yet another embodiment, the ports 18 are larger than about 1 inch across in any direction. In a further embodiment, the ports 18 are larger than about 1.25 inches across in any direction. In an even further embodiment, the ports 18 are larger than about 1.5 inches across in any direction.
The present disclosure is also directed to a method of separating the production materials with the downhole separator 10. In use, the production materials are pulled into the first annulus area 26 of the separator 10 via the ports 18. The separator 10 is set up such that the production materials flow through the first annulus area 26 at a velocity of less than about 0.5 ft per second. Pulling the production materials at a flow rate that causes the velocity of the production materials through the first annulus area 26 to be less than about 0.5 ft per second allows the gas component in the production materials to combine and flow upward and out of the separator 10 via the ports 18. Gas component bubbles will coalesce to form larger bubbles in the low velocity zone of the first annulus area 26.
The liquid and solid components of the production materials then flow from the first annulus area 26 to the second annulus area 32, which is narrower than the first annulus area 26. The narrower second annulus area 32 causes the velocity of the liquid component and the solid component of the production materials to increase in the second annulus area 32. The increased velocity through the second annulus area 32 creates an inertial effect, which causes the solid component to be forced in an outer radial direction in the separator 10.
The liquid component and the solid component, which is being forced outward, flow into an area below the shroud 18. The combination of the open area below the shroud 18, which causes the velocity of the liquid and solid component to slow down, the inertial flow effect and the increased velocity on the solid component of the production materials causes the solid component to continue past the bottom of the shroud 18 and separate from the liquid component. The liquid component is then pulled up into and through the shroud 18 and the dip tube 22 to the pump.
Accordingly, this disclosure includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the disclosure unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
