Patent Grant
11725374
The present invention generally relates to drain pipe connectors, and specifically to drain pipe connectors for preventing release of biohazardous substances, such as bacteria and/or aerosol contaminated with bacteria, from a drain trap disposed under a sink drain, into the sink and its surrounding.
In typical plumbing, a drain trap, also known as a siphon, is disposed below or within a plumbing fixture, and is shaped and configured to prevent sewer gases from entering buildings. Typically, the drain trap is formed as a U-shaped bend in the drain pipe. In some applications, such as in refineries, drain traps are also used to prevent hydrocarbons and other dangerous gases from escaping from the disposal system via drain openings.
Due to its shape, a typical drain trap retains a small amount of liquid therein at all times, and particularly after use of the plumbing fixture. This trapped liquid seals the remainder of the drain pipe leading to the sewage, thereby preventing sewer gases from reentering the environment via back-flow through the drain pipe. Essentially all plumbing fixtures, including sinks, bathtubs, and toilets, are equipped with either an internal or external trap.
Prior art
Because drain traps are a local low-point in the plumbing, heavy objects, such as jewelry that is inadvertently dropped into the fixture 103, often tend to be captured in drain traps such as drain trap 106. Also hair, sand, and other debris tend to be collected in drain traps, such as trap 106, thus limiting the size of objects that flow through the trap into pipe 104. As such, typical drain traps are designed such that they can be disassembled for removal of objects captured therein, or have another cleaning mechanism.
In addition to capturing debris and objects that inadvertently enter the plumbing, drain traps and drain pipe connectors also encourage the formation of biofilm and the accumulation of bacteria. This is, in part, the result of use of tap water which is not sterile, and due to the fact that sinks are used to wash contaminated objects, for example when people wash their hands after going to the bathroom, or wash dirty dishes. Such biofilm formation is illustrated in
As seen in
The problem of bacteria backflow is further compounded by the fact that water draining from the fixture, via drain portal 102 and into trap 106, impinges upon the biofilm 110 formed in the trap 106, as indicated by arrow 130 in
There is thus a need in the art for a system for draining a plumbing fixture, which prevents backflow of bacteria and/or contaminated aerosol out of the drain portal of the pluming fixture, and maintains proper operation of the drain pipe and continuous water flow through the drain system.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a drain system disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system, the drain system including:
a drain pipe connector including:
a drain trap disposed downstream to, and in fluid communication with, the linear pipe segment, and connected to a sewage pipe leading to the sewage system; and
a pressure equalizing mechanism permitting flow of gas from a region of the drain pipe connector between the first unidirectional valve and a liquid level within the drain trap, to release super-atmospheric pressure from the region,
wherein the first unidirectional valve has a closed operative orientation, in which the first unidirectional valve forms a seal between the plumbing fixture and the drain trap, and an open operative orientation which enables flow of fluid from the plumbing fixture, via the first unidirectional valve, into the drain trap,
wherein the first unidirectional valve is normally closed, and when liquid drains into the first unidirectional valve, pressure applied by the liquid transitions the first unidirectional valve from the closed operative orientation to the open operative orientation, thereby enabling the liquid to flow into the drain trap.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing mechanism includes a connector nipple disposed within a wall of the drain pipe connector or of the pressure equalizing mechanism, a first end of the connector nipple being in fluid communication with the region and a second, opposing end of the connector nipple being exposed to an external environment of the drain system, and a biological filter disposed at the second end of the connector nipple, or within the connector nipple, wherein the connector nipple permits flow of gas out of the region to the external environment, and gas exiting the connector nipple is filtered from contaminants by the biological filter.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing mechanism includes a pressure equalizing conduit having a first end and a second end, the first end of the pressure equalizing conduit being in fluid communication with the region, wherein the pressure equalizing conduit is adapted to allow gas flow from the first end toward the second end, thereby to release gas pressure from the region.
In some embodiments, the drain trap and the pressure equalizing mechanism are integrally formed.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a connector nipple disposed within a wall of the drain pipe connector or within a wall of the pressure equalizing mechanism, a first end of the connector nipple being in fluid communication with the region. In some such embodiments, the connector nipple is disposed within the pressure equalizing mechanism, the connector nipple permitting flow of gas from the region, via the pressure equalizing mechanism, to the external environment.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a biological filter disposed at the second end of the connector nipple, or within the connector nipple, wherein gas exiting the connector nipple is filtered from contaminants by the biological filter.
In some embodiments, the connector nipple is disposed within a wall of the drain pipe connector, and wherein the first end of the pressure equalizing conduit is connected to the connector nipple such that the pressure equalizing conduit is in fluid communication with the region.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit includes a second unidirectional valve disposed within the pressure equalizing conduit between the first end and the second end, wherein the second unidirectional valve is configured to allow a unidirectional flow of the gas from the first end toward the second end.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit is in fluid communication with the drain trap, at a portion of the drain trap downstream of a liquid accumulation in the drain trap, so as to be in fluid communication with the sewage pipe.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing mechanism further includes a cap, sealing the second end of the pressure equalizing conduit, and a portal, in fluid communication with the second end, the portal being in fluid communication with the drain trap, downstream of a liquid accumulation therein, and with the sewage pipe, the portal being adapted to allow fluid flow from the pressure equalizing mechanism toward the sewage pipe, via the portal.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit extends through a bore in the linear drain pipe, such that the second end is disposed within the drain trap.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a second nipple connector disposed in a wall of the drain trap and in fluid communication with an interior of the drain trap, wherein the second end of the pressure equalizing conduit is connected to the second nipple connector and is in fluid communication with the drain trap via the second nipple connector.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a second linear pipe segment disposed downstream of the drain trap between the drain trap and the sewage pipe, wherein the second end of the pressure equalizing conduit is in fluid communication with the second linear pipe segment. In some such embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit extends through a bore in the second linear pipe segment, such that the second end is disposed within the second linear pipe segment.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a second nipple connector disposed in a wall of the second linear pipe segment and in fluid communication with an interior of the second linear pipe segment, wherein the second end of the pressure equalizing conduit is connected to the second nipple connector and is in fluid communication with the second linear pipe segment via the second nipple connector.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit extends through a hollow of the drain trap, internally to walls thereof.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit extends through a bore in at least one wall of the drain pipe connector.
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit further includes at least one filter disposed between the first end and the second end.
In some embodiments, the first unidirectional valve is a spring loaded unidirectional valve, including a valve body including a circumferential sealing surface, a compression spring attached to the valve body, and a rod disposed within the compression spring, between a spring seat surface and a sealing disc, wherein in the closed operative orientation, the sealing disc engages the circumferential sealing surface, thereby to prevent passage of fluid through the valve, and wherein, pressure applied to a surface of the sealing disc is adapted to cause the sealing disc, the rod, and the spring seat surface to move, causing compression of the compression spring, thereby to create a distance between the sealing disc and the circumferential sealing surface through which fluid can flow, resulting in the open operative orientation. In some embodiments, when pressure is relieved from the sealing disc, the compression spring decompresses, pushing the spring seat, resulting in motion of the spring seat, the rod, and the sealing disc to close the distance. In some embodiments, liquid draining through the first unidirectional valve applies sufficient pressure to the surface of the sealing disc to cause transitioning of the first unidirectional valve from the closed operative orientation to the open operative orientation.
In some embodiments, the first unidirectional valve is a rotating unidirectional valve, includes a valve body, and a sealing disc, rotatably connected to the valve body, the disc including at least one inclined surface, wherein in the closed operative orientation, the sealing disc engages an inner surface of the valve body, thereby to prevent passage of fluid through the valve, and wherein pressure applied to the inclined surface of the sealing disc is adapted to cause rotation of the sealing disc, thereby to create a space between the sealing disc and the inner surface of the valve body through which fluid can flow, resulting in the open operative orientation. In some embodiments, water draining through the first unidirectional valve is directed by the inclined surface to one side of the sealing disc, such that pressure applied by the water is applied to a single side of the sealing disc and is sufficient to cause rotation of the sealing disc thereby transitioning of the first unidirectional valve from the closed operative orientation to the open operative orientation.
In some embodiments, a first half of the sealing disc is lighter than a second half of the sealing disc, and wherein the inclined surface is directs liquid impinging on the inclined surface to the first half of the sealing disc. In some embodiments, a weight of the second half of the sealing disc is sufficient so that following removal of pressure from the sealing disc, the sealing disc rotates under the gravitational pull of the second half to cause the first unidirectional valve to transition from the open operative orientation to the closed operative orientation.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes an additional connector nipple disposed in a wall of the drain pipe connector, the additional connector nipple being connectable to at least one of a biofilm treatment device and a liquid treatment device.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a biofilm treatment device connected to the additional connector nipple, the biofilm treatment device including a processor, at least one biofilm treatment unit controlled by the processor, and a power source providing power to the processor and the at least one biofilm treatment unit.
In some embodiments, the biofilm treatment device further includes a housing accommodating the processor and the power source, and wherein the at least one biofilm treatment unit is disposed within the drain trap and is connected to the housing by at least one cable extending through the linear pipe segment and the additional connector nipple.
In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a vibrator adapted to vibrate liquid within the drain trap so as to inhibit formation of biofilm and/or to break down existing biofilm.
In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a liquid circulating pump, adapted to circulate liquid within the drain trap so as to inhibit formation of biofilm.
In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a heating unit adapted to heat liquid within the drain trap so as to exterminate biological contaminants within the liquid in the drain trap.
In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes an ultra-violet light source adapted to illuminate liquid within the drain trap with ultra-violet light so as to exterminate biological contaminants within the liquid in the drain trap. In some embodiments, the drain trap is transparent.
In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a plurality of biofilm treatment units. In some embodiments, the plurality of biofilm treatment units are disposed within the drain trap simultaneously. In some other embodiments, only one of the plurality of biofilm treatment units is disposed within the drain trap at any given time, and the biofilm treatment device is adapted for interchanging between different ones of the plurality of biofilm treatment units.
In some embodiments, the drain system further includes a liquid treatment device connected to the additional connector nipple, the liquid treatment device including a processor, a motor controlled by the processor, a treatment liquid pump controlled by the engine and associated with a treatment liquid reservoir, and a power source adapted to provide power to the processor, the motor, and the treatment liquid pump, wherein the liquid treatment device is adapted to pump treatment liquid from the treatment liquid reservoir into the drain trap to treat liquid disposed therein.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kit for installation in a drain system disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system, the kit including:
a drain pipe connector including:
a drain trap connectable to the drain pipe connector and to the sewage system, the drain trap having a pressure equalizing mechanism integrated therewith, the pressure equalizing mechanism including a pressure equalizing conduit having a first end and a second end and being adapted to allow fluid flow from the first end toward the second end; and
at least one of:
wherein the first unidirectional valve has a closed operative orientation, in which the valve seal separates the valve hollow from the linear pipe segment, and an open operative orientation which enables flow of fluid from the valve hollow, into the linear pipe segment,
wherein the first unidirectional valve is adapted to be normally closed, and is adapted so that, when liquid drains into the valve hollow, pressure applied by the liquid is adapted to transition the first unidirectional valve from the closed operative orientation to the open operative orientation, thereby to enable the liquid to flow into the linear pipe segment.
In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kit for installation in a drain system disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system and including a drain trap, the kit including:
a drain pipe connector including:
a second connector nipple, connectable to the second end of the first connector nipple by a pressure equalizing conduit, the second connector nipple adapted to be installed in a wall of the drain trap, downstream of a liquid accumulating portion thereof,
wherein the first unidirectional valve has a closed operative orientation, in which the valve seal separates the valve hollow from the linear pipe segment, and an open operative orientation which enables flow of fluid from the valve hollow, into the linear pipe segment,
wherein the first unidirectional valve is adapted to be normally closed, and is adapted so that, when liquid drains into the valve hollow, pressure applied by the liquid is adapted to transition the first unidirectional valve from the closed operative orientation to the open operative orientation, thereby to enable the liquid to flow into the linear pipe segment.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kit for installation in a drain system disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system and including a drain trap, the kit including:
a drain pipe connector including:
a second linear pipe segment, adapted to be installed between the drain trap and the sewage system, the linear pipe segment having a second connector nipple disposed in a wall thereof, the second connector nipple being connectable to the second end of the first connector nipple by a pressure equalizing conduit,
wherein the pressure equalizing conduit is adapted, when the kit is installed and the pressure equalizing conduit connects the first and second connector nipples, to equalize pressure between the first linear pipe segment and the second linear pipe segment,
wherein the first unidirectional valve has a closed operative orientation, in which the valve seal separates the valve hollow from the linear pipe segment, and an open operative orientation which enables flow of fluid from the valve hollow, into the linear pipe segment,
wherein the first unidirectional valve is adapted to be normally closed, and is adapted so that, when liquid drains into the valve hollow, pressure applied by the liquid is adapted to transition the first unidirectional valve from the closed operative orientation to the open operative orientation, thereby to enable the liquid to flow into the linear pipe segment.
In some embodiments, the kit further includes the pressure equalizing conduit. In some embodiments, the kit further includes at least one of a biological filter and a second unidirectional valve disposed within the pressure equalizing conduit.
In some embodiments, the first unidirectional valve is a spring loaded unidirectional valve, including a valve body defining the valve hollow and including a circumferential sealing surface, a compression spring attached to the valve body, and a rod disposed within the compression spring, between a spring seat surface and a sealing disc forming the valve seal, wherein in the closed operative orientation, the sealing disc engages the circumferential sealing surface, thereby to prevent passage of fluid through the valve, and wherein, pressure applied to a surface of the sealing disc is adapted to cause the sealing disc, the rod, and the spring seat surface to move, causing compression of the compression spring, thereby to create a distance between the sealing disc and the circumferential sealing surface through which fluid can flow, resulting in the open operative orientation.
In some embodiments, when pressure is relieved from the sealing disc, the compression spring decompresses, pushing the spring seat, resulting in motion of the spring seat, the rod, and the sealing disc to close the distance.
In some embodiments, the first unidirectional valve is a rotating unidirectional valve, including a valve body defining the valve hollow and a sealing disc forming the valve seal, the sealing disc being rotatably connected to the valve body and including at least one inclined surface, wherein in the closed operative orientation, the sealing disc engages an inner surface of the valve body, thereby to prevent passage of fluid through the valve, and wherein pressure applied to the inclined surface of the sealing disc is adapted to cause rotation of the sealing disc, thereby to create a space between the sealing disc and the inner surface of the valve body through which fluid can flow, resulting in the open operative orientation.
In some embodiments, a first half of the sealing disc is lighter than a second half of the sealing disc, and wherein the inclined surface is directs liquid impinging on the inclined surface to the first half of the sealing disc. In some embodiments, a weight of the second half of the sealing disc is sufficient so that following removal of pressure from the sealing disc, the sealing disc rotates under the gravitational pull of the second half to cause the first unidirectional valve to transition from the open operative orientation to the closed operative orientation.
In some embodiments, the kit further includes an additional connector nipple disposed in a wall of the drain pipe connector, the additional connector nipple being connectable to at least one of a biofilm treatment device and a liquid treatment device.
In some embodiments, the kit further includes a biofilm treatment device, connectable, or being connected to, the additional connector nipple, the biofilm treatment device including a processor, at least one biofilm treatment unit controlled by the processor, and a power source providing power to the processor and the at least one biofilm treatment unit.
In some embodiments, the biofilm treatment device further includes a housing accommodating the processor and the power source, and wherein the at least one biofilm treatment unit is adapted disposed within the drain trap and is adapted to be connected to the housing by at least one cable adapted to extend through the linear pipe segment and the additional connector nipple. In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a vibrator adapted to vibrate liquid within the drain trap. In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a liquid circulating pump, adapted to circulate liquid within the drain trap. In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a heating unit adapted to heat liquid within the drain trap. In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes an ultra-violet light source adapted to illuminate liquid within the drain trap with ultra-violet light.
In some embodiments, the at least one biofilm treatment unit includes a plurality of biofilm treatment units. In some such embodiments, at least two of the plurality of biofilm treatment units are adapted to be simultaneously connected to the housing. In some other embodiments, the housing is adapted to be connected to a single one of the plurality of biofilm treatment units at any given time, and is adapted for interchangeable connection to the plurality of biofilm treatment units.
In some embodiments, the kit further includes a liquid treatment device connected to the additional connector nipple, the liquid treatment device including a processor, a motor controlled by the processor, a treatment liquid pump controlled by the engine and associated with a treatment liquid reservoir, and a power source adapted to provide power to the processor, the motor, and the treatment liquid pump, wherein the liquid treatment device is adapted to pump treatment liquid from the treatment liquid reservoir into the drain trap to treat liquid disposed therein.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of retrofitting a drain system to reduce or prevent release of biological contaminants therefrom, the drain system being disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system and including a drain trap, the method including:
removing a portion of the drain system disposed between the drain portal of the plumbing fixture and the drain trap;
installing the drain pipe connector of any of the kits disclosed herein, such that the hollow of the unidirectional valve is disposed within the drain portal and is in fluid communication with the plumbing fixture, and the first linear pipe segment is inserted into, or connected to, a first end of the drain trap, upstream of a liquid accumulation therein,
wherein the biological filter is adapted to filter gas removed from the drain pipe connector via the first connector nipple, thereby to relieve pressure from the drain pipe connector while preventing contamination of the external environment.
In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of retrofitting a drain system to reduce or prevent release of biological contaminants therefrom, the drain system being disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system and including a drain trap, the method including:
removing a portion of the drain system disposed between the drain portal of the plumbing fixture and the drain trap;
providing the any one of the kits disclosed herein, including the drain pipe connector and the second connector nipple;
installing the drain pipe connector, such that the hollow of the unidirectional valve is disposed within the drain portal and is in fluid communication with the plumbing fixture, and the first linear pipe segment is inserted into, or connected to, a first end of the drain trap, upstream of a liquid accumulation in the drain trap;
installing the second nipple connector in a wall of the drain trap, downstream of the liquid accumulation in the drain trap; and
connecting the first nipple connector and the second nipple connector by a connecting conduit allowing fluid flow from the first nipple connector to the second nipple connector.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of retrofitting a drain system to reduce or prevent release of biological contaminants therefrom, the drain system being disposed between a drain portal of a plumbing fixture and a sewage system and including a drain trap, the method including:
removing a portion of the drain system disposed between the drain portal of the plumbing fixture and the drain trap;
providing any one of the kits disclosed herein, including the drain pipe connector and the second linear pipe segment;
installing the drain pipe connector, such that the hollow of the unidirectional valve is disposed within the drain portal and is in fluid communication with the plumbing fixture, and the first linear pipe segment is inserted into, or connected to, a first end of the drain trap, upstream of a liquid accumulation in the drain trap;
connecting the second linear pipe segment between the drain trap and the a pipe leading to the sewage system; and connecting the first nipple connector and the second nipple connector by a connecting conduit allowing fluid flow from the first nipple connector to the second nipple connector.
The foregoing discussion will be understood more readily from the following detailed description of the invention, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying
The principles of the inventive gastrointestinal treatment system and method of enhancing the absorption into the bloodstream of ingestible medicaments for treating Parkinsonism using the inventive gastrointestinal treatment system, may be better understood with reference to the drawings and the accompanying description.
Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
In the context of the present application and claims, the term “downstream” relates to a pipe or element, which would be reached by a liquid passing through the drain, at a later time. As such, pipe segment A is downstream of pipe segment B if water draining through the plumbing system would reach pipe segment A after passing through pipe segment B.
In the context of the present application and claims, the term “upstream” relates to a pipe or element, which would be reached by a liquid passing through the drain, at an earlier time. As such, pipe segment A is upstream of pipe segment B if water draining through the plumbing system would reach pipe segment A before passing through pipe segment B.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a solution to the release of bacteria and/or contaminated aerosol from the biofilm of drain traps to the fixture being drained to the environment of the room in which the fixture is located.
In some embodiments, the present invention includes a unidirectional valve disposed at the drain portal of the plumbing fixture being drained. The unidirectional valve allows water to flow from the fixture into the drainage system, and seals the passage between the fixture and the drain trap when no water is flowing, thereby preventing release of back-flowing bacteria and contaminated aerosol.
In some embodiments, use of such unidirectional valves creates an increased gas pressure within the drain pipe connector, between the drain trap and the fixture. Such increased gas pressure may result in a slow flow of water through the drain pipe. As such, in some embodiments, the present invention further includes a pressure equalizing conduit disposed within the drain pipe connector, which pressure equalizing conduit is adapted to permit gas to flow therethrough in order to relieve the pressure within the drain pipe connector and to allow proper flow of water through the drain pipe connector.
Reference is now made to
As seen in
Linear pipe segment 210 is connected to a drain portal 202 of a plumbing fixture 203, such as a sink, via a unidirectional valve 240. Unidirectional valve 240 includes a first body portion 240a, mounted onto an upper surface 203a of fixture 203, and a second body portion 240b, fixedly and/or sealingly connected to first body portion 240a and engaging a lower surface 203b of fixture 203.
Reference is now additionally made to
In some embodiments, an exterior surface of cylindrical body portion 302 may be threaded, and may be adapted for threaded engagement with an interior surface of a body portion 307 of second body portion 240b of unidirectional valve 240, as explained in further detail hereinbelow. Linear pipe 210 (
A hollow cylindrical core 308 is disposed generally at the center of cylindrical body portion 302, and is connected thereto by at least one connector 310. In the illustrated embodiment, core 308 is connected to cylindrical body portion 302 by a pair of connecting rods 310. However, any other suitable connection mechanism, which does not block flow of water into cylindrical body portion 302, is considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Core 308 terminates, at a bottom end thereof, in a radially inward lip 312, and is disposed such that lip 312 is substantially flush with a lower surface 306b of lower lip 306.
A first disc 314 is disposed at an upper end of core 308. In some embodiments, first disc 314 may be fixedly attached to the upper end of core 308. In other embodiments, first disc 314 need not be fixed to the core 308, but is sized and configured to remain disposed outside of the cylindrical hollow of core 308, for example by having a diameter equal to or greater than an exterior diameter of core 308. Disposed directly beneath first disc 314 is a first spring seat 315, which is movable relative to disc 314 within core 308, as seen by comparison of
Sealing disc 318 is sized and configured such that when sealing disc 318 engages lip 312 of core 308, an upper surface of the sealing disc engages, and seals against, a lower surface 306b of lower lip 306.
A compression spring 322 is disposed within core 308, about central rod 316. Compression spring 322 is seated between first spring seat 315 and lip 312 of core 308. As seen in
When pressure is applied to sealing disc 318, sealing disc 318, together with rod 316 and spring seat 315 move in a downward direction under the pressure, thereby compressing compression spring 322 and creating a gap 330 between sealing disc 318 and lower lip 306, shown in
While water is draining through gap 330, the water flow inhibits air flow through the gap in the opposing direction (out of linear pipe segment 210) and as such during that time back flow of contaminated aerosol and/or bacteria is very limited and/or inhibited.
When water stops draining onto sealing disc 318, compression spring 322 is decompressed and pushes spring seat 315 away from lip 312 of core 308. This motion of spring seat 315 is accompanied by upward motion of rod 316 and sealing disc 318, which are attached to spring seat 315, thus resulting in closing of the gap 330 and resealing of the unidirectional valve.
As mentioned hereinabove, one disadvantage of use of the unidirectional valve 240, is that gas pressure is elevated in linear pipe segment 210, and in drain trap 220 above a liquid level therein. The increased gas pressure within linear pipe segment 210 applies pressure onto the bottom surface of sealing disc 318, making it harder for unidirectional valve 240 to open and limiting water flow through the unidirectional valve.
In order to overcome this disadvantage, and to relieve the gas pressure in pipe segment 210 adjacent unidirectional valve 240, drain pipe connector 200 further includes a pressure equalizing conduit 250, which extends through the pipe segment 210 and the U-shaped bend of drain trap 220. As such, pressure equalizing conduit 250 is considered an internal pressure equalizing conduit. A first end 250a of pressure equalizing conduit 250 is disposed within linear pipe segment 210, adjacent unidirectional valve 240 and above the water level of drain trap 220. A second end 250b of pressure equalizing conduit 250 is disposed within drain trap 220, at a portion 265 thereof adjacent second connector 225, above the liquid level within the drain trap.
Pressure equalizing conduit 250 serves to equalize the gas pressure between linear pipe segment 210 and portion 265 of drain trap 220, which is fluidly connected to the remainder of sewage pipe 230. Because linear pipe segment 210 has higher gas pressure than atmospheric pressure, in order to equalize gas pressures, gas will flow through pressure equalizing conduit from first end 250a to second end 250b, and from there to sewage pipe 230, thereby relieving the pressure and enabling proper functioning of unidirectional valve 240. Furthermore, because the bacteria and/or contaminated aerosols that the invention is designed to block are disposed within linear pipe segment 210, the airborne bacteria and/or contaminated aerosol may also flow through pressure equalizing conduit 250 away from portal 202, and be trapped beyond drain trap 220, thereby further preventing the chances of contaminated backflow through portal 202.
Pressure equalizing conduit 250 would not result in backflow of gas from sewage pipe 230 to linear pipe segment 210, due to the higher pressure in linear pipe segment 210.
Reference is now made to
The unidirectional valve 400 of
Unidirectional valve 400 comprises a disc 410, connected to valve body 405 by a hinge 412, such that disc 410 can rotate about hinge 412 relative to valve body 405. As seen clearly in
When water flows through the drain into valve body 405, the inclination of the upper surface of disc 410 causes the water to flow toward side 410b of the disc. The pressure applied to side 410b of the disc, which is the lighter side, causes the disc to rotate relative to valve body 405, such that side 410b is lower and side 410a is higher, thereby enabling water to flow around disc 410 into linear pipe segment 210.
When water stops flowing and applying pressure to side 410b of the disc, the greater weight of side 410a causes the disc to be rotated in the opposing direction. In some embodiments, a stopper 420 protrudes radially inwardly from valve body 405, such that the rotation of the disc due to the weight of side 410a is stopped when the disc 410 is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of valve body 405, and seals against the inner surface of the valve body.
The disc 410 may be formed of any suitable material, such as stainless steel, plastic and the like.
Reference is now made to
As seen in
Linear pipe segment 510 is connected to a drain portal 502 of a plumbing fixture 503, such as a sink, via a unidirectional valve 540. Unidirectional valve 540 includes a first body portion 540a, mounted onto an upper surface 503a of fixture 503, and a second body portion 540b, fixedly and/or sealingly connected to first body portion 540a and engaging a lower surface 503b of fixture 503. In the embodiment illustrated in
As discussed hereinabove with respect to
When water flows into unidirectional valve 540, it applies pressure thereto which causes the valve to open. As such, as seen in
The increased pressure in linear pipe segment 510, caused by the use of the unidirectional valve 540, as described hereinabove with respect to
Pressure equalizing conduit 550 functions in the same manner as internal pressure equalizing conduit 250 described hereinabove with respect to
Pressure equalizing conduit 550 would not result in backflow of gas from sewage pipe 530 to linear pipe segment 510, due to the higher pressure in linear pipe segment 510.
Reference is now made to
As seen in
Linear pipe segment 610 is connected to a drain portal 602 of a plumbing fixture 603, such as a sink, via a unidirectional valve 640. Unidirectional valve 640 includes a first body portion 640a, mounted onto an upper surface 603a of fixture 603, and a second body portion 640b, fixedly and/or sealingly connected to first body portion 640a and engaging a lower surface 603b of fixture 603. In the embodiment illustrated in
As discussed hereinabove with respect to
When water flows into unidirectional valve 640, it applies pressure thereto which causes the valve to open. As such, as seen in
The increased pressure in linear pipe segment 610, caused by the use of the unidirectional valve 640, as described hereinabove with respect to
Pressure equalizing conduit 650 functions in the same manner as internal pressure equalizing conduit 250 described hereinabove with respect to
Reference is now made to
As seen in
Linear pipe segment 710 is connected to a drain portal 702 of a plumbing fixture 703, such as a sink, via a unidirectional valve 740. Unidirectional valve 740 includes a first body portion 740a, mounted onto an upper surface 703a of fixture 703, and a second body portion 740b, fixedly and/or sealingly connected to first body portion 740a and engaging a lower surface 703b of fixture 703. In the embodiment illustrated in
As discussed hereinabove with respect to
When water flows into unidirectional valve 740, it applies pressure thereto which causes the valve to open. As such, as seen in
The increased pressure in linear pipe segment 710, caused by the use of the unidirectional valve 740, as described hereinabove with respect to
Pressure equalizing conduit 750 functions in the same manner as internal pressure equalizing conduit 250 described hereinabove with respect to
In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit may terminate in the environment of the fixture, rather than in the environment leading to the sewage. In such embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit may have a filter, such as a biological filter, disposed therein, typically at the end thereof adjacent the environment of the fixture, in order to prevent biological contamination from being released to the environment.
In some embodiments of the invention, a filter, such as a biological filter, may be mounted in a bore between the first unidirectional valve and the liquid level within the drain trap, such as for example in a wall of the first linear pipe segment or in a side wall of the drain trap. This filter facilitates removal of air pressure from the region between the first unidirectional valve and the drain trap, into the environment surrounding the drain trap, such as a closet. In some such embodiments, the pressure equalizing conduit may be omitted, since the filter may provide sufficient gas-permeability to relieve the pressure buildup.
In some embodiments of the present invention, any one of the drain traps (220, 520, 620, and/or 720) may be directly connected to the second portion of the unidirectional valve (240b, 540b, 640b, and/or 740b, respectively), such that the first linear pipe segment (210, 510, 610, and/or 710) is obviated. The direct connection may be any suitable type of direct connection, such as a threaded or adhesive connection.
Reference is now made to
As seen in
A cup element 871 includes a cylindrical portion 869, adapted to receive unidirectional valve. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, unidirectional valve 840 is adapted to be threaded into cylindrical portion 869 of cup element 871. A surface 870 extends radially outwardly from cylindrical portion 869, substantially parallel to drain element 801. A cylindrical wall 872 extends downwardly from surface 870, the cylindrical wall terminating in a convex, generally hemispherical portion 874 having a central bottom portal 876, extends downwardly from surface 870 around a lower portion of unidirectional valve 840. Portal 876 is connected to a linear pipe segment 880, which extends downwardly therefrom. Linear pipe segment 880 is connectable to, or insertable into, another pipe of a drainage system, such as a drain trap, or siphon.
Unidirectional valve 840 is similar to unidirectional valve 240 of
A hollow cylindrical core 848 is disposed generally at the center of cylindrical body portion 842. Cylindrical core 848 is connected to a downwardly directed extension 801a of drain element 801, which extends into core 848. Core 848 terminates, at a bottom end thereof, in a radially inward lip 852.
A central rod 856 includes an upper portion 856a having a first diameter, and a lower portion 856b having a second, smaller diameter, such that a shoulder 857 is formed between the upper and lower portions of rod 856. Central rod 856 extends through core 848 and through a central bore in lip 852, such that a lower end of central rod 856 is attached to a sealing disc 858. Central rod 856 may be attached to sealing disc 858 by any suitable mechanism. However, in the illustrated embodiment, sealing disc 858 includes a downwardly extending cowl portion 859 which is snap fit around the lower end of central rod 856. Sealing disc 858 is sized and configured to engage, and seals against, sealing end 846 of cylindrical body portion 842. In some embodiments, sealing disc 858 and/or sealing end 846 may include an elastomer at an interface therebetween.
A compression spring 862 is disposed within core 848, about lower portion 856b of central rod 856. Compression spring 862 is seated between shoulder 857 of the central rod 856 and lip 852 of core 848. Compression spring 862 is configured such that when no pressure is applied thereto, for example when no water is draining through the unidirectional valve, sealing disc 858 engages and seals against sealing end 846. As such, the unidirectional valve 840 is normally closed.
When pressure is applied to sealing disc 858, such as when water is draining thereon from drain element 801, sealing disc 858 moves in a downward direction together with rod 856, such that upper portion 856a of rod 856 compresses compression spring 862 and a gap is created between sealing disc 858 and sealing end 846, substantially as described hereinabove. In this configuration, water flowing through drain element 801 causes opening of the unidirectional valve, and can flow through the gap formed in the unidirectional valve 840 into cup element 871 and from there, via portal 876, into linear pipe segment 880.
While water is draining through the gap in unidirectional valve 840, the water flow inhibits air flow through the gap in the opposing direction (out of linear pipe segment 880), thus preventing flow of contaminated air out of the sewage system.
When water stops draining onto sealing disc 858, compression spring 862 is decompressed and pushes shoulder 857 away from lip 852 of core 848. This motion of shoulder 857 is accompanied by upward motion of rod 856 and of sealing disc 858, thus resulting in closing of the gap and resealing of the unidirectional valve.
In some embodiments, drain pipe connector 800 may further include a filtering cover 882 including a plurality of bores 883, and having a plurality of spacers 884 on a lower surface thereof. Filtering cover 882 is adapted to be placed above drain element 801, such that bores 883 are not aligned with bores of the drain element, so as to prevent entrance of undesired items (such as sticks, needles, and the like) into the drain system. Spacers 884 ensure that there is a gap between filtering cover 882 and drain element 801, such that water can flow therebetween. A core portion 885 connected to a lower surface of filtering cover 882, substantially at the center thereof, is adapted to be disposed within core 848 above rod 856, to ensure proper placement of filtering cover 882.
However, it is appreciated that in some embodiments, filtering cover 882 may be replaced by a plugging cover, adapted to have a portion disposed within core 848 and to block passage of water into drain element 801.
As mentioned hereinabove with respect to unidirectional valve 240, one disadvantage of use of the unidirectional valve 840, particularly when it is used with linear pipe segment 880 connected to a drain trap, is that gas pressure may elevated in cup element 871 and in linear pipe segment 880. The increased gas pressure applies pressure onto the bottom surface of sealing disc 858, making it harder for unidirectional valve 840 to open and limiting water flow through the unidirectional valve.
As seen in
In some embodiments, a biological filter, a chemical filter, or any other filter for contaminants which may flow into drain element 801 or out of a drain trap connected to linear pipe segment 880, may be attached to connector nipple 890, such that air flowing out of cup element 871 via connector nipple 890 is filtered. In such embodiments, there is no fear that contaminants will be released into the environment surrounding an exterior of cup element 871, and there is no necessity to further process or handle air released from connector nipple 890 and the filter thereof.
In other embodiments, a pressure equalizing conduit may be connectable to connector nipple 890, as explained herein.
In some embodiments, a first annular elastomer 894 may be disposed on an upper surface of surface 870, and/or a second annular elastomer 896 may be disposed on a lower surface of drain element 801, so as to securely separate the drain pipe connector 800 from the surface of a plumbing fixture in which it is installed.
Reference is now made to
Second connector nipple 902 is connectable to connector nipple 890 by a suitable conduit 904, which functions as a pressure equalizing conduit. As such, super-atmospheric pressure within cup element 871 is released by flow of gas from connector nipple 890, via conduit 904 to connector nipple 902, and from there into second linear pipe segment 900 and to the sewage system. In some embodiments, conduit 904 may include a second unidirectional valve, allowing flow from first connector nipple 890 to second connector nipple 902, and preventing flow in the opposing direction.
Reference is now additionally made to
Similarly to that described hereinabove, in the arrangement of
It will be appreciated by people of skill in the art that the second connector nipple 902 need not necessarily be disposed in a dedicated pipe segment, such as second linear pipe segment 900. In some embodiments, the second connector nipple 902 may be disposed in a bore in drain trap 920, downstream of the U-shaped bend thereof, in a similar manner to that shown in
Reference is now made to
As seen in
In the embodiment illustrated in
Biofilm treatment device 960 includes a housing 961 attached to third connector nipple 950 and housing a power supply 962, such as one or more batteries, and a processor 964 functionally associated with the power supply. At least one biofilm treatment unit 966 (illustrated in
Biofilm treatment unit 966 may be a unit using any suitable mechanism to treat biofilm, and/or to inhibit or prevent the formation of biofilm.
In some embodiments, at least one biofilm treatment unit 966 is a vibrator adapted to vibrate the liquid within drain trap 920 so as to inhibit formation of biofilm and/or to break down existing biofilm.
In some embodiments, at least one biofilm treatment unit 966 is a liquid circulating pump, adapted to circulate the liquid within drain trap 920 so as to inhibit formation of biofilm.
In some embodiments, at least one biofilm treatment unit 966 is a heating unit adapted to heat the liquid within drain trap 920 so as to exterminate bacteria, viruses, and/or other biological contaminants in the drain trap liquid, and thus to inhibit formation of biofilm.
In some embodiments, at least one biofilm treatment unit 966 is an ultra-violet light source adapted to illuminate the liquid within drain trap 920 using ultra-violet light so as to exterminate bacteria, viruses, and/or other biological contaminants in the drain trap liquid, and thus to inhibit formation of biofilm. In some such embodiments, drain trap 920 may be transparent.
It is a particular feature of the present invention that one or more biofilm treatment units 966 may be introduced into drain trap 920, or removed therefrom, at the user's convenience and in accordance with the user's needs. As such, different biofilm treatment units may be used simultaneously or interchangeably.
For example, consider a hospital room, in which the kit of
In the embodiment illustrated in
Liquid treatment device 970 includes a housing 971 attached to third connector nipple 950 and housing a power supply 972, such as one or more batteries, a processor 974 functionally associated with the power supply, a motor or engine 976 controlled by the processor, and a treatment liquid pump 978 controlled by engine 976 and associated with a treatment liquid reservoir (not explicitly shown).
In use, treatment liquid pump 978 periodically or intermittently pumps a quotient of treatment liquid, via third connector nipple 950 into drain pipe connector 800, which quotient of treatment liquid reaches drain trap 920 to treat liquid therein.
In some embodiments, the quotient of liquid may be a fixed quotient, pumped at each operation of treatment liquid pump 978. In other embodiments, different quotients of treatment liquid may be pumped at different times.
In some embodiments, the pumping of treatment liquid may occur at fixed intervals, such as once an hour, once every 30 minutes, or once every 15 minutes.
In some embodiments, any one or more of the kits of
Reference is now made to
As seen, drain pipe connector system 1000 includes a linear pipe segment 1010, slidably disposed within a drain trap, or siphon, 1020. In some embodiments, drain trap 1020 is integrally formed with a sewage drain pipe 1030.
In the embodiment illustrated in
As seen clearly in
Linear pipe segment 1010 is adapted to be connected to a drain portal 1002 of a plumbing fixture, such as a sink, via a unidirectional valve 1040.
Because drain trap 1020 is integrally formed with sewage drain pipe 1030, in some embodiments, the height at which drain trap 1020 is installed, relative to portal 1002, may be determined by a height of the center of sewage drain pipe 1030. As such, the installation conditions may require a longer linear pipe segment 1010 to bridge the gap between the heights of the portal and of the sewage pipe. To facilitate different size gaps, linear pipe segment 1010 is slidable relative to downward flow path 1022 of drain trap 1020, as seen by comparison of
Unidirectional valve 1040 includes a first body portion 1040a, adapted to be mounted onto an upper surface of the plumbing fixture, and a second body portion 1040b, fixedly and/or sealingly connected to first body portion 1040a. In the embodiment illustrated in
As discussed hereinabove with respect to
When water flows into unidirectional valve 1040, it applies pressure thereto which causes the valve to open. As such, when water drains through the portal of the plumbing fixture and into unidirectional valve 1040, the weight of the water causes the valve to open a gap through which the water can flow into linear pipe segment 1010. The mechanism by which the gap is opened is described hereinabove with respect to
The increased pressure in linear pipe segment 1010, caused by the use of the unidirectional valve 1040, as described hereinabove with respect to
In some embodiments, pressure equalizing element 1050 is in fluid communication with upward flow path 1024, downstream of second unidirectional valve 1052, via a pathway 1054 in the conduit of pressure equalizing element 1050, as indicated by arrows 1056a, 1056b, and 1056c in
In use, when gas pressure accumulates in downward flow path 1022 above a water level 1068 of drain trap 1020, the pressurized gas flows into pressure equalizing element 1050 via second unidirectional valve 1052 as indicated by arrows 1029a, 1029b, and/or 1029c and flows toward the second end of the pressure equalizing element. Because the second end of the pressure equalizing element is sealed by cap 1060, the pressurized gas flows through pathway 1054 to upward flow path 1024, and from there can flow to sewage drain pipe 1030, as indicated by arrows 1056a, 1056b, and/or 1056c. As such, pressure equalizing element 1050 functions in a similar manner to internal pressure equalizing tube 250 described hereinabove with respect to
Due to the pressure differential between linear pipe segment 1010 and downward flow path 1022 (above the water level 1068 of trap 1020) and upward flow path 1024 of drain trap 1020, gas will flow from bore 1027, through the unidirectional valve 1052 into the pressure equalizing element 1050 toward the second end thereof, and from there via pathway 1054 to upward flow path 1024 and to sewage pipe 1030, thereby relieving the pressure and enabling proper functioning of unidirectional valve 1040. Furthermore, because the bacteria and/or contaminated aerosols that the invention is designed to block are disposed within linear pipe segment 1010, the airborne bacteria and/or contaminated aerosol may also flow through pressure equalizing element 1050 away from portal 1002, and be trapped downstream of drain trap 1020, thereby further reducing or eliminating the chance of contaminated backflow through portal 1002. Unidirectional valve 1052, and the higher pressure in downward flow path 1022, prevent backflow of gas from sewage pipe 1030 to downward flow path 1022 or linear pipe segment 1010.
It is a particular feature of the disclosed technology that in a case of a flood, or of up-flow from the sewage, the up-flow would be blocked by unidirectional valve 1040, and would be able to exit the system 1000 and to return to the sewage by flowing through pressure equalizing element 1050.
Reference is now made to
In some embodiments, a biological filter, a chemical filter, or any other filter for contaminants which may flow into linear pipe segment 1010 or out of drain trap 1020 may be attached to connector nipple 1070, such that air flowing out of pressure equalizing element 1050 via connector nipple 1070 is filtered. In such embodiments, there is no fear that contaminants will be released into the environment surrounding an exterior of system 1000, and there is no necessity to further process or handle air released from connector nipple 1070 and the filter thereof.
In some embodiments, drain trap 1020 of any one of
Reference is now made to
As seen specifically in
Turning to
Subsequently, unidirectional valve 1040 may be inserted into adapter 1080 and attached thereto, completing installation of the system 1000. The attachment may be, for example, threaded attachment.
It will be appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims. All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention.
The present application is a Continuation in Part (CIP) of PCT Patent Application No. PCT/IB2020/050130, filed Jan. 9, 2020 and entitled DRAIN PIPE CONNECTOR SYSTEM, which gains priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/790,028 filed Jan. 9, 2019 and entitled DRAIN PIPE CONNECTOR. Both PCT Patent Application No. PCT/IB2020/050130 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/790,028 are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1708380 | Deacon | Apr 1929 | A |
| 2317278 | Larson | Apr 1943 | A |
| 2758664 | Koenig | Aug 1956 | A |
| 3460561 | Lomolino | Aug 1969 | A |
| 3526547 | Shock | Sep 1970 | A |
| 4574399 | Sullivan | Mar 1986 | A |
| 5184640 | Molligan | Feb 1993 | A |
| 5236137 | Coogan | Aug 1993 | A |
| 7509978 | Currid | Mar 2009 | B1 |
| 20050178438 | Renner | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20100192295 | Fima | Aug 2010 | A1 |
| 20120305085 | Aiello | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20140053923 | Martinelli | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140373931 | Huber | Dec 2014 | A1 |
| 20160230375 | Mcalpine | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20170122445 | Fima | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170248242 | Hirotani | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 202010012973 | Feb 2011 | DE |
| 262549 | Dec 1926 | GB |
| 1397705 | Jun 1975 | GB |
| 2015114348 | Aug 2015 | WO |
| 2020144603 | Jul 2020 | WO |
| WO-2020144603 | Jul 2020 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| Machine Translation (Google Patents) for DE202010012973 published on Feb. 24, 2011 Wang Yung-Hui Jiali. |
| International Search Report for PCT/IB2020/050130 dated May 19, 2020. |
| Written Opinion for PCT/IB2020/050130 dated May 19, 2020. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210388589 A1 | Dec 2021 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62790028 | Jan 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/IB2020/050130 | Jan 2020 | US |
| Child | 17371180 | US |
