Patent Grant
11933034
The invention relates to drainage and particularly to a drainage system, units of the drainage system, and a drainage method.
Drainage systems are known from the prior art.
EP 1 380 691 A2 discloses a wide drainage channel comprising one-piece plastic drainage channel sections. Each section includes a pipe section and hollow projections that support a channel that has a slot that is open to a surface to be drained. The size and spacing of the projections are such that loose reinforcing rods may be disposed in curved openings disposed between the projections. The channel may be recessed to allow a reinforcing mesh to be slid through the slotted channel into the openings.
EP 1 518 964 A1 discloses an inlet forming device comprising an elongated slot which in use lies in a surface to be drained, and a channel through which, in use, liquid can drain from the surface through the inlet forming device. The inlet forming device further comprises one or more transverse openings through which a material in which the inlet forming device is embedded in use, can extend from one or both sides of the inlet forming device to form a structural bridging element.
The problem to be addressed by this invention is to provide an improved drainage system, particularly one of the above-mentioned drainage systems, improved drainage units and an improved drainage method.
This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims.
Advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.
The invention also relates to a drainage system, comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the spacing is selected or dimensioned such that a load or nominal load or maximum load is distributed or conically distributed at the surface in the upper stratum and/or the middle stratum, such that its effect on the body can be neglected.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle is configured as a point drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle is configured as a linear drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle and/or the surface comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the drainage unit is designed as a water discharge unit for discharging the water.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the drainage unit is configured as a water storage unit, an infiltration ditch, or a cistern for storing or temporarily storing the water.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body is configured as a tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body is configured as a channel body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body is configured as an infiltration ditch body or infiltration ditch filler body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body is configured as a polyhedron, prism, cuboid, cube, spade or parallelepiped, pyramid, convex body, body of revolution, ellipsoid of revolution, barrel, sphere, hemisphere, dome, cone, truncated cone, cylinder, circular cylinder, disc, column, cylindrical section, or torus.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body comprises a plurality of body members.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body members are substantially identical in shape.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the spacing is selected or dimensioned taking into account a component or main component of the upper stratum.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the upper stratum comprises asphalt and/or concrete.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the spacing is selected or dimensioned with respect a component or main component of the middle stratum and/or its angle of friction and/or angle of repose.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the angle of repose is 25° to 45°, 280 to 40°, 30° to 350, or 34°.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the middle stratum comprises rock, stones, sand, crushed sand, round stones, gravel, rubble, crushed stones, railroad ballast, chippings, and/or crushed rocks.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance is selected or dimensioned with respect to a diameter, outer diameter and/or nominal diameter of the body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the outer diameter is 200 mm to 1000 mm, 250 mm to 900 mm, 315 mm to 800 mm, 400 mm to 630 mm, or 500 mm.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the nominal diameter is DN 200 mm to DN 1000 mm, DN 250 mm to DN 900 mm, DN 300 mm to DN 800 mm, DN 400 mm to DN 600 mm, or DN 500 mm.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 200 mm is 0.43 m to 0.63 m or 0.51 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 225 mm is 0.45 m to 0.65 m or 0.53 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 250 mm is 0.47 m to 0.68 m or 0.56 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 280 mm is 0.50 m to 0.70 m or 0.58 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 315 mm is 0.53 m to 0.73 m or 0.61 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 355 mm is 0.56 m to 0.77 m or 0.65 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 400 mm is 0.60 m to 0.81 m or 0.69 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 450 mm is 0.64 m to 0.85 m or 0.73 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 500 mm is 0.69 m to 0.89 m or 0.77 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 560 mm is 0.74 m to 0.94 m or 0.82 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 630 mm is 0.80 m to 1.00 m or 0.88 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 710 mm is 0.87 m to 1.07 m or 0.95 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 800 mm is 0.95 m to 1.15 m or 1.03 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 900 mm is 1.03 m to 1.24 m or 1.12 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 1000 mm is 1.12 m to 1.32 m or 1.21 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, wherein the body is selected and/or dimensioned with respect to the distance.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
The invention also relates to a water receiving unit for use in one of the drainage systems described above.
The invention also relates to a drainage unit for use in any one of the drainage systems described above.
The invention also relates to a water discharge unit for use in any one of the drainage systems described above.
The invention also relates to a water storage unit for use in any one of the drainage systems described above.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water storage unit wherein the water storage unit is configured as an infiltration ditch or cistern.
The invention also relates to a drainage method, comprising:
Providing at least one water receiving unit, comprising:
Providing at least one drainage unit, comprising:
Integrating the water receptacle into the upper stratum; and
Arranging and aligning the drainage unit at a distance, relative to its upper side, or top edge, below the surface at least partially in a middle stratum, such that the water flowing out of the water receiving unit can flow into the drainage unit through a connection of the water receptacle and the body;
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance is selected or dimensioned such that a load or nominal load or maximum load is distributed or conically distributed at the surface in the upper stratum and/or the middle stratum, such that its effect on the body can be neglected.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle is configured as a point drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle is configured as a linear drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle and/or surface comprises connecting means and/or latching means such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the drainage unit is configured as a water discharge unit for discharging the water.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the drainage unit is configured as a water storage unit, an infiltration ditch, or a cistern for storing or temporarily storing the water.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body is configured as a tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body is configured as a channel body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body is configured as an infiltration ditch body or infiltration ditch filler body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body is configured as a polyhedron, prism, cuboid, cube, spate or parallelepiped, pyramid, convex body, solid of revolution, ellipsoid of revolution, barrel, sphere, hemisphere, dome, cone, truncated cone, cylinder, circular cylinder, disc, column, cylindrical section, or torus.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body comprises a plurality of body members.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body members are configured substantially identically.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the spacing is selected or dimensioned with respect to a component or main component of the upper stratum.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the upper stratum comprises asphalt and/or concrete.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the spacing is selected or dimensioned with respect to a component or main component of the middle stratum and/or its angle of friction and/or angle of repose.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the angle of repose is 25° to 45°, 28° to 40°, 30° to 350, or 34°.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the middle stratum comprises rock, stones, sand, crushed sand, round stones, gravel, rubble, crushed stones, railroad ballast, chippings, and/or crushed rocks.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance is selected or dimensioned with respect to a diameter, outer diameter and/or nominal diameter of the body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the outer diameter is 200 mm to 1000 mm, 250 mm to 900 mm, 315 mm to 800 mm, 400 mm to 630 mm, or 500 mm.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the nominal diameter is DN 200 mm to DN 1000 mm, DN 250 mm to DN 900 mm, DN 300 mm to DN 800 mm, DN 400 mm to DN 600 mm, or DN 500 mm.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 200 mm is 0.43 m to 0.63 m or 0.51 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 225 mm is 0.45 m to 0.65 m or 0.53 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 250 mm is 0.47 m to 0.68 m or 0.56 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 280 mm is 0.50 m to 0.70 m or 0.58 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 315 mm is 0.53 m to 0.73 m or 0.61 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 355 mm is 0.56 m to 0.77 m or 0.65 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 400 mm is 0.60 m to 0.81 m or 0.69 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 450 mm is 0.64 m to 0.85 m or 0.73 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 500 mm is 0.69 m to 0.89 m or 0.77 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 560 mm is 0.74 m to 0.94 m or 0.82 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 630 mm is 0.80 m to 1.00 m or 0.88 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 710 mm is 0.87 m to 1.07 m or 0.95 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 800 mm is 0.95 m to 1.15 m or 1.03 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 900 mm is 1.03 m to 1.24 m or 1.12 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the distance at the outer diameter of 1000 mm is 1.12 m to 1.32 m or 1.21 m.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body is selected and/or dimensioned with respect to the distance.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
The invention also relates to a drainage system, comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle is configured as a point drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle is configured as a linear drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the water receptacle and the second end of another water receptacle can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first end and the second end of the water receptacle are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle and/or the surface comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle and the first neck piece are configured integrally.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receptacle and/or the first neck comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receiving unit comprises at least one second neck piece or more connected to the water receptacle and arrangeable such that the water can flow out of the water receiving unit through an opening of the second neck piece.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water discharge unit comprises a second opening arranged along the tubular body with the first opening, for receiving the water into the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the tubular body is dimensioned for loading at the surface, taking into account its distance from the surface and/or its condition.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the tubular body has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the water receptacle and the second end of another water receptacle can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first end and the second end of the tubular body are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first end of the tubular body is configured as a socket end and the second end of the tubular body is configured as a tip end.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the socket end comprises latching elements, insertion elements, or insertion elements with a startup bevel, which are arranged along a circumference of the tubular body, and the tip end comprises latching regions arranged along the circumference of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the tubular body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the tubular body has a round, oval, triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, rectangular, or square cross-section.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the tubular body is formed by a channel member and a cover member which comprises the first opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the tubular body is formed by a first half-shell body and a second half-shell body which comprises the first opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first half-shell body and the second half-shell body are configured substantially identically.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein at least one region for producing the first opening is provided on the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body, or in which the first opening is already produced.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein edge regions of the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body are formed in such a way that they can be stacked inside one another and/or on top of one another.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the edge regions of the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body comprise inwardly projecting beads, tapering beads, converging beads, and/or conical beads.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first half-shell body and/or the second half-shell body comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one cover unit for covering the water receiving unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cover unit has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the cover unit and the second end of a further cover unit can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first end and the second end of the cover unit are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cover unit comprises at least one opening for letting the water through.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cover unit comprises at least one rib for guiding the water and/or for stabilizing the water receptacle.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cover unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cover unit and/or the water receiving unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receiving unit comprises a latching member and the cover unit comprises a latching region.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one water feeding unit for feeding the water from the water receiving unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water feeding unit can be arranged and aligned between the water receiving unit and the water discharge unit, such that the opening of the first neck piece can be connected to a first opening of the water feeding unit and the first opening of the tubular body can be connected to a second opening of the water feeding unit, and water flowing from the water receiving unit can flow through the water feeding unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, wherein the water feeding unit is of adjustable height, telescoping, or folded in concertina fashion.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water feeding unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one supporting unit for supporting the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit and/or the water discharge unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit is configured such that it can be stacked with other supporting units.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit is configured in one piece.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit is configured in multiple parts.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit comprises a first bearing element and a second bearing element for receiving the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first bearing element and/or the second bearing element comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first bearing element is configured as a first side element and the second bearing element is configured as a second side element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first bearing element and the second bearing element are manufactured in one piece and/or can be separated from each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first bearing element and the second bearing element are identical or complementary or mirror images of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the connecting means and/or latching means of the first bearing element and the second bearing element are configured as a first connecting element and a second connecting element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first connection element is manufactured within the first bearing element and/or the second connection element is manufactured within the second bearing element or is manufactured integrally and/or can be detached therefrom.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first bearing element comprises at least one first receiving portion for releasably or non-releasably receiving the first connecting element and/or the second bearing element comprises at least one second receiving portion for releasably or non-releasably receiving the second connecting element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit and the water discharge unit are formed integrally.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the supporting unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete, wood, wood-based material or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one alignment unit for aligning or fixing the water receiving unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the alignment unit and/or the water receiving unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together;
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the alignment unit comprises metal, wood, wood-based material or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one further water discharge unit for discharging the water, comprising: another tubular body; and
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the other water discharge unit can be arranged and aligned between the water receiving unit and the water discharge unit, such that the water can be passed from the water receiving unit to the water discharge unit; and the water passage unit can be arranged and aligned between the other water discharge unit and the water discharge unit, such that the water can flow further from the other water discharge unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water receiving unit and/or the other water discharge unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the other water discharge unit and/or the water passage unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the other tubular body is dimensioned for loading at the surface, taking into account its distance from the surface and/or its condition.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the other tubular body has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the other tubular body and the second end of another tubular body can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first end and the second end of the other tubular body are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the other tubular body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, wherein the other tubular body is formed by a third half-shell body comprising the first opening of the other tubular body and a fourth half-shell body comprising the other opening of the other tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the third half-shell body and the fourth half-shell body are substantially identical.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein at least one region for producing the first opening or the other opening of the other tubular body is provided on the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body, or in which the first opening and/or the other opening are already produced.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein edge regions of the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body are formed in such a way that they can be stacked inside each other and/or on top of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the edge regions of the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body comprise inwardly projecting beads, tapering beads, converging beads, and/or conical beads.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the third half-shell body and/or the fourth half-shell body comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water passage unit and/or the water discharge unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the water passage unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one cavity for storing water flowing from the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cavity is formed by a water-permeable material or geotextile material.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cavity comprises a highly absorbent material or a water absorbent material.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cavity is connected to the water receiving unit, the water feeding unit, the water discharge unit, and/or the water passage unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system, further comprising at least one cast body unit for receiving the drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cast body unit is prefabricated with the drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the cast body unit comprises metal, plastic, composite, concrete, polymer concrete, normal concrete, reinforced concrete, or asphalt concrete, or a combination thereof.
The invention relates to a water receiving unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit wherein the water receiving unit comprises connecting means and/or latching means, such that it can be connected and/or latched to the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit wherein the water receptacle is configured as a point drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit wherein the water receptacle is configured as a linear drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water receptacle has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the water receptacle and the second end of another water receptacle can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit wherein the first end and the second end of the water receptacle are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water receptacle comprises connecting means and/or latching means, such that it can be connected and/or latched to the surface.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water discharge unit comprises connecting means and/or latching means, such that it can be connected and/or latched to the water receiving unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water discharge unit comprises connecting means and/or latching means, such that it can be connected and/or latched to the water receiving unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water receptacle and the first neck piece are integrally formed.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water receptacle and/or the first neck piece comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water receiving unit, wherein the water receiving unit comprises at least one second neck piece or more connected to the water receptacle and arrangeable such that the water can flow out of the water receiving unit through an opening of the second neck piece.
The invention relates to a water discharge unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the water discharge unit comprises a second opening arranged along the tubular body with the first opening, for receiving the water into the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the tubular body is dimensioned for loading at the surface, taking into account its distance from the surface and/or its condition.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the tubular body has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the tubular body and the second end of another tubular body can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the first end and the second end of the tubular body are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the first end of the tubular body is configured as a socket end and the second end of the tubular body is configured as a tip end.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the socket end comprises latching elements, insertion elements, or insertion elements with a startup bevel, which are arranged along a circumference of the tubular body, and the tip end comprises latching regions arranged along the circumference of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit, wherein the tubular body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the tubular body has a round, oval, triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, rectangular, or square cross-section.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit, wherein the tubular body is formed by a channel member and a cover member which comprises the first opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the tubular body is formed by a first half-shell body and a second half-shell body which comprises the first opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the first half-shell body and the second half-shell body are substantially identical.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein at least one region for producing the first opening is provided on the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body or in which the first opening is already produced.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein edge regions of the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body are formed in such a way that they can be stacked inside each other and/or on top of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the edge regions of the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body comprise inwardly projecting beads, tapering beads, converging beads, and/or conical beads.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the first half-shell body and/or the second half-shell body comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the water discharge unit comprises connecting means and/or latching means, such that it can be connected and/or latched to the water receiving unit or the water passage unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the tubular body is formed by a third half-shell body comprising the first opening of the tubular body and a fourth half-shell body comprising the other opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the third half-shell body and the fourth half-shell body are substantially identical.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein at least one region for producing the first opening or the other opening of the tubular body is provided on the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body, or in which the first opening and/or the other opening are already produced.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein edge regions of the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body are formed in such a way that they can be stacked inside each other and/or on top of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the edge regions of the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body comprise inwardly projecting beads, tapering beads, converging beads, and/or conical beads.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water discharge unit wherein the third half-shell body and/or the fourth half-shell body comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
The invention relates to a cover unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit, wherein the cover unit has a first end and a second end which are arranged on the front side and comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the cover unit and the second end of another cover unit can be connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit wherein the first end and the second end of the cover unit are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit wherein the cover unit comprises at least one opening for letting the water through.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit wherein the cover unit comprises at least one rib for guiding the water and/or for stabilizing the water receptacle.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit, wherein the cover unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit, wherein the cover unit and/or the water receiving unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cover unit wherein the water receiving unit comprises a latching element and the cover unit comprises a latching region.
The invention relates to a water feeding unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a water feeding unit, wherein the water feeding unit is of adjustable height, telescoping, or folded in concertina fashion.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water feeding unit, wherein the water feeding unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete, clay, stoneware or plastic, or a combination thereof.
The invention relates to a supporting unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit and/or the water discharge unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit is configured such that it can be stacked with other supporting units.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit is formed in one piece.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit is formed in multiple parts.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit comprises a first bearing element and a second bearing element for receiving the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the first bearing element and/or the second bearing element comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage system wherein the first bearing element is configured as a first side element and the second bearing element is configured as a second side element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the first bearing element and the second bearing element are manufactured in one piece and/or can be separated from each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the first bearing element and the second bearing element are identical or complementary or mirror images of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the connecting means and/or latching means of the first bearing element and the second bearing element are configured as a first connecting element and a second connecting element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the first connecting element is manufactured within the first bearing element and/or the second connecting element is manufactured within the second bearing element or can be manufactured integrally and/or detached therefrom.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the first bearing element comprises at least one first receiving area for releasably or non-releasably receiving the first connecting element and/or the second bearing element comprises at least one second receiving area for releasably or non-releasably receiving the second connecting element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit and the water discharge unit are formed integrally.
Preferably, the invention relates to a supporting unit, wherein the supporting unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete, wood, wood-based material or plastic, or a combination thereof.
The invention relates to an alignment unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to an alignment unit, wherein the alignment unit and/or the water receiving unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to an alignment unit, wherein the alignment unit comprises metal, wood, wood-based material or plastic, or a combination thereof.
The invention relates to a water passage unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a water passage unit, wherein the water passage unit comprises connecting means and/or latching means, such that it can be connected and/or latched to the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a water passage unit, wherein the water passage unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete, clay, stoneware or plastic, or a combination thereof.
The invention relates to a cavity for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a cavity, wherein the cavity is formed by a water-permeable material or geotextile material.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cavity, wherein the cavity comprises a highly absorbent material or a water absorbent material.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cavity, wherein the cavity is connected to the water receiving unit, the water feeding unit, the water discharge unit, and/or the water passage unit
The invention relates to a cast body unit for a drainage system, the drainage system comprising:
Preferably, the invention relates to a cast body unit, wherein the cast body unit is prefabricated with the drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a cast body unit, wherein the cast body unit comprises metal, plastic, composite, concrete, polymer concrete, normal concrete, reinforced concrete, or asphalt concrete, or a combination thereof.
The invention relates to a drainage method, comprising:
Providing at least one water receiving unit, comprising:
Providing at least one water discharge unit for draining water, comprising:
Arranging and aligning the water discharge unit below the surface in such a way that the opening of the first neck piece and the first opening of the tubular body are connected and the water flowing out of the water receiving unit flows into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle is configured as a point drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle is configured as a linear drainage system.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means such that the first end of the water receptacle and the second end of a further water receptacle are connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first end and the second end of the water receptacle are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receiving and/or surface comprises connecting means and/or latching means such that they are connected and/or latched.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle and the first neck piece are integrally formed.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receptacle and/or the first neck comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receiving unit comprises at least one second neck piece or further connected to the water receiving unit and arranged such that the water flows out of the water receiving unit through an opening of the second neck piece.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water discharge unit comprises a second opening arranged along the tubular body with the first opening, for receiving the water into the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the tubular body is dimensioned for loading at the surface, taking into account its distance from the surface and/or its condition.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the tubular body has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means such that the first end of the tubular body and the second end of another tubular body are connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first end and the second end of the tubular body are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first end of the tubular body is configured as a socket end and the second end of the tubular body is configured as a tip end.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the socket end comprises latching elements, insertion elements, or insertion elements with a startup bevel, which are arranged along a circumference of the tubular body, and the tip end comprises latching regions arranged along the circumference of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the tubular body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the tubular body has a round, oval, triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, rectangular or square cross-section.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the tubular body is formed by a channel element and a cover element comprising the first opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the tubular body is formed by a first half-shell body and a second half-shell body comprising the first opening of the tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first half-shell body and the second half-shell body are substantially identical.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein at least one region for producing the first opening is provided on the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body or in which the first opening is already produced.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein edge portions of the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body are formed in such a way that they can be stacked inside each other and/or on top of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the edge regions of the first half-shell body or the second half-shell body comprise inwardly projecting beads, tapering beads, converging beads and/or conical beads.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first half-shell body and/or the second half-shell body comprise connecting means and/or latching means such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising providing at least one cover unit for covering the water receiving unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, wherein the cover unit has a first end and a second end which are arranged face-to-face and comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the cover unit and the second end of a further cover unit are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first end and the second end of the cover unit are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cover unit comprises at least one opening for letting the water through.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cover unit comprises at least one rib for guiding the water and/or for stabilizing the water receptacle.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cover unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cover unit and/or the water receiving unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receiving unit comprises a latching member and the cover unit comprises a latching region.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising providing at least one water feeding unit for feeding the water from the water receiving unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water feeding unit can be arranged and aligned between the water receiving unit and the water discharge unit, such that the opening of the first neck piece can be connected to a first opening of the water feeding unit and the first opening of the tubular body can be connected to a second opening of the water feeding unit, and water flowing from the water receiving unit can flow through the water feeding unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water feeding unit is of adjustable height, telescoping, or folded in concertina fashion.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, wherein the water feeding unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete, clay, stoneware or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising providing at least one supporting unit for supporting the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit and/or the water discharge unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means such that with each other they are connected and/or latched.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit is formed such that it can be stacked with other storage units.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit is configured in one piece.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit is configured in multiple parts.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit comprises a first bearing element and a second bearing element for receiving the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first bearing element and/or the second bearing element comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they can be connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first bearing element is configured as a first side element and the second bearing element is configured as a second side element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first bearing element and the second bearing element are manufactured in one piece and/or can be separated from each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first bearing element and the second bearing element are identical or complementary or mirror images of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the connecting means and/or latching means of the first bearing element and the second bearing element are configured as a first connecting element and a second connecting element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first connecting element within the first bearing element and/or the second connecting element within the second bearing element can be manufactured or integrally manufactured and/or detached therefrom.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first bearing element comprises at least one first receiving area for releasably or non-releasably receiving the first connecting element and/or the second bearing element comprises at least one second receiving area for releasably or non-releasably receiving the second connecting element.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit and the water discharge unit are formed integrally.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the supporting unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete, wood, wood-based material or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising providing at least one alignment unit for aligning or fixing the water receiving unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the alignment unit and/or the water receiving unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the alignment unit comprises metal, wood, wood-based material or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising: Providing at least one other water discharge unit for draining the water, comprising:
Providing at least one spacer and/or at least one water passage unit for passing at least a portion of the water from the other water discharge unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the other water discharge unit is arranged and aligned between the water receiving unit and the water discharge unit in such a way that the water is transferred from the water receiving unit to the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water passage unit is arranged and aligned between the other water discharge unit and the water discharge unit such that the water continues to flow from the other water discharge unit into the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water receiving unit and/or the other water discharging unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the other water discharge unit and/or the water passage unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the other tubular body is dimensioned for loading at the surface, taking into account its distance from the surface and/or its condition.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the other tubular body has a first end and a second end arranged face-to-face and comprising connecting means and/or latching means, such that the first end of the other tubular body and the second end of another tubular body can be connected and/or latched together.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the first end and the second end of the further tubular body are identical or complementary to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the other tubular body comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the other tubular body is formed by a third half-shell body comprising the first opening of the other tubular body and a fourth half-shell body comprising the other opening of the other tubular body.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the third half shell body and the fourth half shell body are substantially identical.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein at least one region for producing the first opening or the other opening of the other tubular body is provided on the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body, or in which the first opening and/or the other opening are already produced.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein edge portions of the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body are formed in such a way that they can be stacked inside each other and/or on top of each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the edge regions of the third half-shell body or the fourth half-shell body comprise inwardly projecting beads, tapering beads, converging beads, and/or conical beads.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the third half-shell body and/or the fourth half-shell body comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water passage unit and/or the water discharge unit comprise connecting means and/or latching means, such that they are connected and/or latched to each other.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the water passage unit comprises metal, concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising providing at least one cavity for storing the water flowing from the water discharge unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cavity is formed by a water-permeable material or geotextile material.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cavity comprises a highly absorbent material or a water absorbent material.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cavity is connected to the water receiving unit, the water feeding unit, the water discharge unit, and/or the water passage unit.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method, further comprising providing at least one cast body unit for receiving the water receiving unit, water discharging unit, other water discharging unit, covering unit, water feeding unit, supporting unit, aligning unit or water passing unit, or the cavity.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cast body unit is prefabricated.
Preferably, the invention relates to a drainage method wherein the cast body unit comprises metal, plastic, composite, concrete, polymer concrete, normal concrete, reinforced concrete, or asphalt concrete, or a combination thereof.
The invention is based on the idea of providing a modular drainage system. This allows the drainage system to be used in a particularly flexible and versatile manner. This can further reduce a space requirement for storage and transport.
The invention is explained in more detail below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the enclosed drawings. Wherein:
In the description below, like reference numerals are used for like parts and parts with the same effect.
It is also conceivable to arrange the water receiving unit 20 on an infiltration ditch, for example a packed bed infiltration ditch, such that water can flow from the water receiving unit 20 into the infiltration ditch, possibly in combination with the water feeding unit 30.
The first end-side opening 44a may include a circumferential seal 48a. The first end-side opening 44a may include latching elements, as shown in
The tubular body 42 may comprise two half-shell bodies 42a without the openings 46b. Thus, water drainage can be realized via areas without water receiving unit(s) 20.
Alternatively, the water discharge unit 40, which is located at the bottom, may comprise a tubular body 42 comprising two half-shell bodies 42a without the openings 46b. Thus, water drainage can be implemented without a connection to the other water discharge unit 40a, which is located above.
Referring to
For renewed, or first-time, connection of the bearing elements 66a, 66b, the first connection element 68a can now be connected or latched to a respective connection area and/or latching area of the second bearing element 66b, the second connection element 68b can be connected or latched accordingly to a respective connection area and/or latching area of the first bearing element 66a.
The drainage system comprises one or more single-piece or multi-piece upper members 20, such as shown in
Single-piece or multi-piece upper part (without additional pipe section)
In this variant of the upper part 20, individual neck pieces 24 are inserted into the corresponding receptacles 46b of the lower part 40. The neck pieces 24 can be removably secured in/to the receptacles 46b of the lower portion 40. This can be achieved via a clip-on connection and/or screwed connection. Dividing the drainage channel element 1 into upper part 20 and lower part 40 has the advantage that it can be disassembled and stacked for transport and storage and, if necessary, to save space at the construction site, thus reducing the space required in the aforementioned areas. Another advantage is that a more manageable component is available for assembly, e.g. height alignment, on the construction site due to the strength and latchability of the upper part 20. Another advantage is easier sealability, since there is only one sealing plane which must be sealed for the upper part 20 and the lower part 40. In the case of a vertically split upper part, for example, two sealing planes perpendicular to each other would have to be taken into account, wherein particularly the transition area between two sealing planes (horizontal and vertical in this case) would be extremely difficult to seal.
The uppermost part of the upper part 20 is formed by a longitudinally extending channel 22. Within the channel 22, transverse ribs 28 are provided at the apex of the arches to stiffen the channel 22, but also to prevent water from standing in the area of the arch. This could happen if the ribs 28 are not arranged at the apex of the arch. The ribs 28 also have a recess in their upper region which prevents the water from flowing from one rib 28 to the other in the case of neck pieces 24 or inlet cross sections which may be blocked by dirt, for example.
In the lower area of the neck pieces 24, these have a circumferential rim area, as a height stop and abutment for the clip-on connection and/or screwed connection. The diameter of the neck pieces 24 is configured to match the available standard diameters of the pipes, e.g. according to DN 75, 100, such that the neck pieces can be combined with standard pipes and/or standard pipe seals. The receptacles 46b may have a circumferential bevel to facilitate insertion of the individual neck pieces 24 of an upper part 20 into them. Stiffening ribs can be provided in the lower area of the neck pieces 24 to increase lateral rigidity.
The grate 10 is placed onto the channel 22 arranged above the neck pieces 24. The grate may be made of cast iron and/or have at least one recess 19 on its side surfaces corresponding to respective latching projections 29 of the upper part 20. Thus, the grate 10 is releasably attached to the upper part 20. The latching projections 29 also center the grate 10 in all three axes. This particular configuration of the latching projections 29 has the advantage that different grates 10 can be placed onto the upper part 20. In this case, the grate sides may not engage the latching projections 29, but may extend into the clearance of the latching projections 29 and rest on the upper edge of the upper part 20.
Position securing means are provided at the respective end faces of the grate 10 or the frame. One end face of the grate is provided with startup bevels and longitudinally extending positioning pins which interact with positioning pockets provided on the opposite end face. The positioning pockets have a pin section at their ends facing away from the end face. The startup bevel of the opposite end face interacts with the pin sections when two grates 10 are joined. As a result, positioning in two axes is achieved, as shown in
The side walls of the grate 10 have draft angles at their ends which allow the visible surfaces of the grate 10 to abut without gaps.
The upper parts 20 each have different end faces 22a, 22b that interact with each other during connection. One end face 22a has a pin portion that has latching means on its side and/or bottom that engage complementary latching means on the other end face 22b and compensate for tolerances, such as manufacturing tolerances and temperature-induced length changes of different materials, in the longitudinal direction. The lateral latching means ensure centering in the transverse direction. Overall, the latching means are configured in such a way that the two upper parts can be moved with a certain increased force, even if the latching means are “latched.” For the final fixation of the two upper parts 20 to each other, a screw can be inserted into a respective recess on the bottom of the pin side in the upper part of the other side (pocket end). The latch can then no longer be released due to the contact pressure of the screw. A plurality of downward parallel ribs is on the bottom side of the end of the pocket. These ribs are to prevent workers who have connected two drainage channels by screwing from injuring themselves on the screw that protrudes downward. At the end of the pin piece, there is also a cross rib that can be overflowed, which also causes stiffening for the side walls of the channel 22. A gap-free connection between the grids 10 can be ensured by adjusting the length with the latching means. Thus, it is also possible to create a longer gutter line without gaps between the top edges of the grates 10, since each drainage element 1 offers the possibility of compensating for length tolerances.
The spacing of the arches of the upper part 20 is different. In this case, the spacing corresponds to a distance of 100 mm or an integer multiple thereof, such that steel reinforcement mats commonly used worldwide can be inserted in the gaps. Due to the multi-part nature of the drainage channel element 1 with separate upper part 20, the reinforcement mats can advantageously be inserted from above.
Upper Part with Additional Pipe Piece
Advantageously, pipe sections 30 of standard pipes, e.g. according to DN 75, 100, can be inserted between the upper part 20 and lower part 40. The pipe length can be cut on site as required. It is therefore possible to combine the drainage channel element 1 with standard pipes.
The standard pipes already have a seal that can also be used to seal between the neck pieces 24 and the pipe sections 30. The diameter of the neck pieces 24 is matched to the seals of the pipes in such a way that when the neck pieces 24 are pushed in, a fixation is achieved in addition to the sealing. Additional fixing means are not necessary. On the construction site, it is advantageous to install such drainage channel elements as deep as possible in the soil, such that the vertical loads (vertical pressure, compressive stress) are reduced by the conical spread with increasing depth, since the area over which the load is distributed increases with increasing depth, as shown in
Two-Piece Lower Part
The two parts 42a, 42b of the lower part 40 are substantially identical, except that the upper part 42b may include openings and/or receptacles for the neck pieces 24 and seals, if any. Advantageously, the individual parts 42a, 42 of the lower part 40 are stackable for transport and storage, as shown in
The connection of two parts (upper piece 42b and lower piece 42a) of the lower part 40 to each other is as follows: a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the channel is formed on one side wall (right side, see
In addition to the sealant, the component also has vertically aligned fasteners, for example clips that counteract vertical pulling apart, and domes and pockets that counteract horizontal shifting and twisting. It is further possible to provide the domes and/or pockets with additional latching means to prevent the joint area between the upper piece 42b and the lower piece 42a from deforming and leaking under horizontal load.
Another advantage is that the joint area is identical to the fasteners and can be joined in only one way. As a result, it is easy to connect the upper piece 42b and the lower piece 42b. In addition, two bottom sections 42a (without openings) can be joined together to form a closed pipe cross-section to implement areas where neck sections 24 are not required for drainage. So it is possible to stay in this drainage system without using other pipes. Thus, both continuous slots and interrupted slots are possible in the surface to be drained. It is also possible to use a plurality of point drains above the standard pipes if the longitudinal channel is omitted.
Advantageously, the upper piece 42b and lower piece 42b are substantially identical. One difference is the flange area of the upper piece 42b with the row of openings 46b to the neck pieces 24. This is an advantage because both parts 42b, 42a can be produced with interchangeable inserts from one injection mold. Alternatively, the openings 46b can be made subsequently, even at the construction site. This can reduce production costs.
On both longitudinal flanks, the lower piece 42a and/or upper piece 42b have a plurality of pins as shown in
In addition to the connecting means, the upper piece 42b and lower piece 42a have other special features.
The upper pieces and/or lower pieces can be easily stacked as shown in
In order to achieve the lowest possible stacking height with geometric rigidity, the upper pieces 42b and lower pieces 42a have inwardly projecting beads only in the side wall area. The beads have two functions: first, the beads provide geometric stiffening for the two pieces 42b, 42a, and second, the beads enable the low stack height by engagement.
In addition, the parts 42b, 42a have outwardly projecting support feet in the side wall area extending into the lower area, which can also be stacked very flat inside each other and/or on top of each other. In this way, a smooth and shock-free (dense) area can be created in the lower section of the lower piece 42a, which is also camera-accessible and easy to clean. A smooth surface results in less buildup and a higher flow rate. The surfaces running horizontally in the longitudinal direction give the component greater longitudinal stiffness when loaded in the longitudinal direction.
To ensure that the bottom of the lower part 42a, or the top of the upper part 42b, is smooth yet stable, the beads are designed as ribs on the outer sides of the lower part 42a, or the upper part 42b. Advantageously, these ribs in this area do not interfere with stacking, since they are adjusted to the stacking height. The minimum stacking height depends on the material thickness and the radius of the semicircular base structure. In the cross-section of the channel body, the ribs are crescent-shaped, running softly into the side wall in the direction of the joint area. This allows the minimum stacking height and provides uniform rigidity over the entire body of the lower part 42a, or upper part 42b. Where the ribs become flatter and/or weaker, the pockets become firmer and stiffer.
To further optimize longitudinal rigidity, the lower piece 42a, and the upper piece 42b in partial sections, have exactly one longitudinal rib centrally on the outer side, which does not hinder concreting of the drainage channel element 1; the concrete can flow from two sides up to the longitudinal rib. This counteracts the formation of unwanted air bubbles in the concrete.
The connection of several drainage channel elements 1 has special features. The upper portion 42b and lower portion 42a each have a socket end 44a and a tip end 44b. The socket end 44a may include at least one latching element. The latching elements are positioned on the periphery of the lower part 42a and upper part 42b, respectively, and engage respective latching surfaces of the tip end 44b. Advantageously, the latching surfaces, analogous to the latching elements of the upper part, can be used to compensate for length tolerances during assembly of the drainage channel elements 1.
Further, the socket end 44a includes at least one insertion aid that allows the tip end 44b to easily slide into the socket end 44a. For this purpose, a startup bevel is formed at the end of an insertion aid.
The tip end 44b has partially circumferential flared insertion aids with a stiffening effect at its end. These insertion aids are not provided on the base or upper part so that the smooth surfaces are not disturbed in terms of flow. The inner surfaces of the tip end 44b have parallel ribs, as shown in
A plurality of connected upper portions 42b and lower portions 42a may be arranged one above the other and interconnected, as shown in
A circumferential, angularly set-off crown area on both end faces of a drainage channel element 1 is also possible. This has the advantage that a barrel ring makes it very easy to connect two drainage channel elements to each other. In addition, due to its width, the barrel ring offers the advantage that temperature-related, material-related, and/or manufacturing-related length tolerances can be compensated by a selectable or adjustable barrel ring width, while the overall system remains tight. In addition, the barrel ring also allows the drainage channel elements 1 to be laid horizontally in radii or curves and, for example in the case of terrain curvatures, vertically, or both at the same time. A sealant or gasket applied to the inside of the barrel ring can ensure a watertight connection between the individual drainage channel elements 1.
Alignment Aids
Foot for Alignment and/or Anchoring
A foot 60 can be arranged at any point on the drainage channel element 1. For this purpose, the foot 60 can be designed in one piece or in several pieces. The foot 60 has an inner contour that corresponds to the outer contour of the channel body 42. The foot 60 may be frictionally or positively connected to the channel element 1. It is also possible for the foot 60 to be formed in one piece or in a material-locking manner with the drainage channel element 1. In this way, the foot 60 can be molded on as well. Anchoring means are arranged in the lower region of the foot 60, which, on the one hand, allow the concrete to flow through and, at least in the region of the contact surfaces, have an enlarged surface for a secure footing and for anchoring.
In addition, as shown in
A plurality of openings is also provided in the upper region of the foot 60 to allow concrete to flow therethrough. In addition, recesses or cylindrical recesses can be provided in the upper area, into which an alignment means and/or support means can be inserted, which enables easier adjustment and fixing of the infeed area, especially in the height-adjustable version.
Straining aids 70 can be arranged on one or both sides in the upper area of the drainage channel element 1, which allow the drainage channel elements 1 to be aligned and fixed to each other in all directions during the installation phase. The straining aids 70 can be cast as well. The straining aid 70 can be manufactured, for example, as a roll-formed profile made of sheet metal. This profile is advantageously less limited in length. The straining aid 70 can be configured as a Z-profile. In this case, a lower leg of the “Z” can rest on the foot 60 and/or the alignment aid and support aid 70 and be fastened there, for example with screws that are screwed through recesses in the straining aid. In this way, the longitudinal alignment (horizontal alignment) can be easily performed.
An upper leg of the Z-section forms the upper stop for the grate 10. If thickness variations occur due to manufacturing tolerances, tabs 74 in the center piece of the Z-section can be bent inward and, due to the inclined position of the center piece in the Z-section, press the leg of the grate 10 upward against the stop of the upper leg of the Z-section. In this way, height alignment (vertical alignment) can be easily performed.
The straining aid also has the function of enabling the gap closure between the individual grates 10. When the straining aid is applied, tabs arranged on the upper leg of the Z-section bend, thus ensuring that the grates 10 rest against each other without a gap in the longitudinal direction.
The straining aid further includes a plurality of recesses 72 to allow concrete to flow therethrough and anchor the Z-section to the structure.
Prefabrication
The drainage system 1 can be assembled at the factory into individual drainage channel elements, which are prefabricated in a casting mold with concrete to form a ready-to-install block. This allows the drainage system 1 to be delivered to the construction site in a pre-concreted condition. This allows time-saving installation of the elements, for example on a taxiway or runway of an airport, on logistics areas, on squares, for example parking lots, or on roads, for example freeways. This can reduce the downtime due to the necessary setting time of the concrete. In this variant, the use of tip ends and barrel rings is dispensed with, as a circumferential seal, for example a sealing compound such as Dichtfix, is applied directly to the joint area. Pretreatment of the sealing surface may be necessary. Advantageously, this variant allows replacement of individual elements, for example after damage.
Even without independent traffic load bearing structures, a drainage system can be an integral part of an area to be drained.
In this case, the load transfer of the surface is not interrupted by drainage elements, but the drainage elements are selected in such a way that they have only a minor interfering effect in relation to the entire surface, e.g. asphalt surface or concrete surface. The drainage element thus becomes an integral part of the surface.
For this purpose, the drainage element is divided into a substantially vertically extending, only slightly interfering water receiving element 20, an optional water feeding element 30, and a water drainage element 40 extending substantially horizontally, or at a slope, in the ground.
Water Receiving Element
The water receiving element 20 may be, for example, a drainage channel (linear drainage), a simple open channel, or a point drain (point drainage). The water receiving element 20 only has the function of receiving the water. In this case, the water receiving element 20 feeds the received water to the water feeding elements 30 or water discharge elements 40. In the area of the surface, the water receiving element 20 may have a cover, for example a grate 10. The water receiving element 20 should not exceed a specific maximum installation depth. The maximum installation depth is determined in such a way that any weakening of the soil structure is statically only marginally relevant, since it is canceled out by the design-related safety factors, for example the Guidelines for the Standardization of the Pavement of Traffic Areas (RStO). Thus, the water receiving element 20 remains an integral part of the surface. Alternatively, the water receiving elements 20, for example manhole covers with frames, can be integrated into the traffic surface, for example suspended according to the Bituplan principle, such that no loads are passed on to the water discharge elements 30 or water discharge elements 40. Thus, even in this case, the water receiving element 20 remains an integral part of the surface.
Water Feeding Element
In the simplest case, the water feeding element 30 may be formed by at least one hollow tube or the like extending into a water drainage element 40.
It is also possible for the water receiving element 20 and the water feeding element 30 to be integrally formed. To do this, for example, a hollow tube can expand upward to form an elongated water receiving slot at the surface. The spacing of the water feeding elements 30 is determined in such a way that any weakening of the soil structure is statically only marginally relevant, since it is canceled out by the design-based safeties, for example RSTO. The static principle of the bending beam or girder applies. Thus, the water feeding element 30 also remains an integral part of the surface. When designing the system comprising water receiving element 20 and water feeding element 30, care must be taken to ensure that in total the safeties are not completely used up. The water feeding element 30 may be telescopic or telescoping in design and/or comprise multiple parts. The water feeding element 30 may be sealed with respect to the water discharge element 40.
Water Drainage Element
The water drainage element 40 is installed at a depth at which the soil is capable of receiving the occurring load at rest and conducting it around the water drainage element 40. The depth required for this is determined by the load to be transferred and the nature of the surface and the soil using the respective load transfer cones (see
In the area where the soil can transfer the load in the static rest condition according to a load transfer angle, a dome formation begins to occur above the cavity where the water drainage element 40 is located. The dome thus protects the water drainage element 40 from the load inputs at the surface. In the area below the dome, it is advantageous to use a water drainage element 40 that only needs to have a low static load-bearing capacity, for example a simple pipe with a small wall thickness. The water feeding elements 30 may extend into the water discharge element 40 while remaining movable in the vertical direction. The water drainage element 40 may have a gradient, if necessary. For this purpose, the water feeding elements 30 can be freely displaced in the water discharge element 40, preferably in the vertical direction. This can further simplify the installation of the system. Settlements, for example due to ground movement and/or changes due to frost and no frost, thus have no effect on the drainage system or on the surface. Since the water receiving element 20 is an integral part of the surface, it cannot grow out of the surface. The cause of growing out is that the drainage element maintains its position and the surrounding soil or pavement is recompacted. Even asphalt surfaces can recompact themselves by up to 2%.
(The following overview shows exemplary distances or installation depths, from the surface to a top edge of the water drainage element 40, of the water drainage element 40 depending on the diameter of the water drainage element 40 according to RStO Asphalt and RStO Concrete. This results in the minimum (min.) distances for RStO Concrete, load class 100 (BK 100) and the maximum (max.) distances for RStO Asphalt, load class 0.3 (BK0.3).
This results in a direct combination of the technical properties of the drainage element with the soil conditions actually prevailing on site. This makes it possible to eliminate additional supporting structures for load transfer, for example concrete foundations, which are arranged at least below the drainage elements to ensure adequate load distribution and prevent the drainage elements from suffering damage, for example cracks or breakage, or leaving their installation position in the event of a load.
This results in reduced material usage for the drainage element. In addition, the construction effort, for example, the amount of concrete used on site, is reduced, and the setting time on site is shortened. Saving concrete and its transport improves the CO2 balance. There are no settlement phenomena due to post-compaction in the various layers, for example pavement layers and soil layers such as non-grown soil.
Rework, such as application of a new asphalt layer, can be eliminated. Elimination of raised drainage elements can improve drainage. This can reduce a risk of aquaplaning. Furthermore, during snowfall, for example, the risk of the drainage elements being damaged by snow blades of snow plows and then having to be replaced can be reduced. In addition, the side walls of the drainage elements are subjected to less static/dynamic load, such that the risk of breakage of the side walls can be reduced.
The features of the examples can be freely combined with each other.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2019/063402 | 5/23/2019 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020/169215 | 8/27/2020 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220120073 A1 | Apr 2022 | US |
