FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the field of drive axle of automobile in particular to the electric distribution torque drive axle.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Drive axle is an important part of automotive driveline, mainly consisting of the main reducer, differential, drive shaft and drive axle shell. As the name implies, the electric drive axle is driven by a motor drive axle. The electric drive axle is an important power transmission unit of the electric car, and the torque directed dispenser is the most important feature of the torque orientation distribution function of the electric drive axle, by controlling the motor and the planetary gear mechanism to achieve the torque coupling of axle differential case and differential, enabling torque distribution between wheels.
Automotive differentials are the main components of the drive axle, and differentials function is transmitting power in the car left and right axle, at the same time, allowing the drive shaft rotating at different speed, in order to satisfy both sides of the wheel as much as possible with the form of pure rolling, reducing tire friction in the ground. When the car turns, the wheel at the outside of the curve in the corners is faster than the inside wheel. Between the two sides of the drive wheel of the vehicle use a differential to compensate for the different speed of the drive wheel. However, the conventional differential usually evenly distributed torque between both sides of the driving wheel. However, in order to achieve optimum control of the vehicle, the drive wheels on the outside should be output greater torque than on the inside of the curve. In fact, increasing the drive wheels torque on the outside of in the corners can promote and guide the vehicle in turn, which is particularly useful when the high-speed cornering, and greatly reducing understeering, improving mobility and ultimate cornering ability, increasing driving fun. The differential of electric distribution torque is a important configuration with luxury sports car and SUV.
In addition, the drive wheel may be on different roads with differential adhesion coefficient, namely off the road. In this case, if the adhesive force of the drive wheel is very small for example on ice, the average distribution torque characteristics of the conventional differential causes the side wheel acceleration skid, the other side wheel with the strong adhesion on the ground unable to obtain sufficient driving force so that does not run, then the car will break down, unable to rescue. Of course, anti-slip differential can effectively avoid the low-speed broke down problem, but when the car is on a good road and in high speed cornering, the kind of differential will make both sides wheels tend to the same speed, and limit increasing the torque and speed of the outer wheel, which increases insufficient cornering phenomenon, and limits the ability of the vehicle limit cornering.
Therefore, base on the basis structure of the drive axle with the conventional bevel gear differential, designs a new electric drive axle having the ability of the torque directional distribution (TV: Torque Vectoring).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention design and develop a kind of electric drive axle of torque distribution function, to solve only evenly distributed defects of the wheel torque in the prior art, to achieve a torque directional distributed according need to the drive the right and left wheels.
The present invention technical solutions are:
A electric differential with a double row planetary gear having directional dispensing torque mechanism, comprising:
a drive motor having a output shaft for outputting torque;
a primary differential, comprising of a differential housing, a drive shaft, a first output shaft and the second output shaft rotating about an axis of rotation; said first output shaft and the second output shaft can rotate at the same or different speeds in the same rotation direction;
a housing; and
a reduction planetary gear train disposed within said housing, said a reduction planetary gear train connected to said drive motor's output shaft, receiving the output torque of said the motor output shaft and outputting the torque in the same torque direction;
a coupled planetary gear set is connected to the reduction planetary gear train, receiving the output torque of the reduction planetary gear train, and outputting the reverse torque in contrast to said output torque;
a double planetary gear train is connected to said the coupled planetary gear set, receiving the output torque of said the coupled planetary gear set; said double planetary gear train is connected with said main differential, providing said first output shaft and second output shaft torque in the opposite direction.
Preferably, said reduction planetary gear train including a reduction sun gear, the reduction planetary and a reduction ring gear; said reduction sun gear motor is connected with the motor output shaft coaxially, with the motor output shaft for co-rotation; said the reduction ring gear fixed to said housing; said reduction planetary gear engagement the reduction sun gear and the reduction gear ring respectively, so that the reduction planetary gear and the motor output shaft revolute in the direction, and by reducing planetary carrier to which the reduction planetary gear connected output torque of the revolution.
Preferably, said coupling planetary gear set comprising:
a first planetary gear train comprises a first sun gear, a first planetary gear, a first ring gear, said the first ring gear and said the planet carrier is fixedly connected to receive the torque of reduction output planet carrier; said first planetary gear engaged with said first sun gear and the first ring gear respectively; the first carrier is connected to said first planetary gear; the first planet carrier and the first output shaft is connected fixedly;
a second planetary gear train comprises a second sun gear, a second planetary gear, a second planetary carrier and a second ring gear; the second ring gear is fixedly connected with said housing; said second planetary gear engaged said second sun gear and the second ring gear respectively; the second planetary carrier is connected with the second planetary;
wherein, the first sun gear and the second sun gear integrated manufacturing, which is connected with the first output shaft rotatably and coaxially.
Preferably, the double planetary gear train includes a third sun gear, a third planetary gear, the fourth planetary gear, a third ring gear, said third sun gear is coaxially fixedly connected with said first output shaft; said third ring gear is fixedly connected with said differential case; said third sun gear, a third planetary gear the fourth planetary gear, and a third ring gear meshing engaged in turn; the third planetary gear, the fourth planetary gear are respectively connected with the second planetary carrier, to receive the transmissing torque of the second planetary carrier.
Preferably, said first sun gear and the second sun gear, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear, a first ring gear and the second ring gear have the same pitch circle structure.
Preferably, the second ring gear formed integrally with said housing.
Preferably, the third ring gear formed integrally with the differential case.
A drive axle of electric distribution torque, comprising:
a drive motor having a output shaft for outputting torque;
a planetary gear reduction mechanism receiving the torque of torque distribution control motor's output shaft, and reducing the speed and increasing the torque;
a torque distribution mechanism connected to said planetary gear reduction mechanism, receiving the torque of the planetary gear reduction mechanism, and outputting the reverse torque in contrast to said torque;
a planetary gear coupling mechanism, comprising:
- a carrier receiving said reverse torque of the torque distributing mechanism;
- a ring gear is fixedly connected with the differential housing, and the ring gear and the differential housing can rotate together;
- a sun gear is fixedly connected with drive half axle.
Preferably, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a parallel arrangement of the left deceleration planetary gear train and right deceleration planetary gear train, which have a common ring gear fixed on the drive axle housing, said carrier of left deceleration planetary gear train and said sun gear of right deceleration planetary gear train fixedly connected, said the sun gear of left deceleration planetary train and the output shaft of torque distribution control motor fixedly connected; the carrier of right deceleration planetary gear train output power.
Preferably, the torque distribution mechanism is the double row planetary gear torque distribution mechanism, including a left torque distribution planetary gear train and the right torque distribution planetary gear train having a common sun gear, said the common sun gear rotatably sleeved on said drive half axle, said ring gear of left torque distribution planetary gear train fixed connection with the carrier of right deceleration planetary gear train, the carrier of the left torque distribution planetary gear train connecting fixed said drive half axle, said ring gear of right torque distribution planetary gear train is stationary, a carrier of right torque distribution planetary gear train output power.
Preferably, the planetary gear coupling mechanism is a single row of double planetary gear train, the double planetary gear train comprises:
a common carrier connected with said carrier of right torque distribution planetary gear fixedly; two intermeshing planet gears shared said the common carrier;
a ring gear is fixedly connected with the differential housing, and the ring gear and the differential housing can rotate together;
a sun gear is fixedly connected with drive half axle.
Preferably, said left and right deceleration planetary gear reduction train having the same configuration parameters.
Preferably, the motor output shaft has an axial through hole, said drive half axle through said axial through hole.
A drive axle of electric distribution torque, comprising
a drive motor having a output shaft for outputting torque;
a torque distribution mechanism connected to said planetary gear reduction mechanism, receiving the torque of the planetary gear reduction mechanism, and outputting the reverse torque in contrast to said torque;
a single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism connected double planetary gear torque distribution mechanism, receiving the reverse torque of the double planetary gear torque distribution mechanism, and providing additional torque to the drive half axle and the differential housing.
Preferably, the motor output shaft has an axial through hole, said drive half axle through said axial through hole.
Preferably, the torque distribution mechanism is the double row planetary gear torque distribution mechanism, including a left torque distribution planetary gear train and the right torque distribution planetary gear train having a common sun gear, said the common sun gear rotatably sleeved on said drive half axle, said ring gear of left torque distribution planetary gear train fixed connection with the carrier of right deceleration planetary gear train, the carrier of the left torque distribution planetary gear train connecting fixed said drive half axle, said ring gear of right torque distribution planetary gear train is stationary, a carrier of right torque distribution planetary gear train output power.
Preferably, said single row of double planetary gear train having two intermeshing planet gears which use a common planet carrier, said common planet carrier is connected with said the carrier of right torque distribution planetary gear train fixedly.
Preferably, said left and right deceleration planetary gear train having the same configuration parameters.
Preferably, said the ring gear of right torque distribution planetary gear train and the drive axle housing are integrally forming.
Preferably, the third ring gear formed integrally with the differential case.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, Electric drive axle with a torque orientation distribution function of the present invention can distribute the transmission of drive torque to both sides of the axle selectively, and when the torque is distributed, electric drive axle is willing to follow the best driver input, maintain driving speed cornering, increase mobility and the driver's driving pleasure.
2, Using a double planetary gear mechanism can be simultaneously both torque coupling function and deceleration function, reduce torque demand of TV motor. Torque distribution control motor can be arranged coaxially, and the motor is not rotating when torque distribution does not follow. Only when active torque distribution is required, the motor rotate to provide directional distribution of torque, which makes for motor selection matching program easily, saving energy and wear, compact, small footprint.
3, Only a torque distribution control motor can be directed to achieve rationing, compact structure, easy to control, that is, just to control rotor of torque distribution control motor forward and reverse can be oriented output torque distribution on the left and right drive shaft, so you can control the left and right axle torque difference. While the other based on the clutch or brake with differential gear coupled need have two sets of clutch or brake as a power source simultaneously, too many parts, complex structure, and the power consumption large.
4, The present invention is wide range of applications. Although the present invention is designed in accordance with the electric drive axle, but if the composition of the traditional internal combustion engine and transmission powertrain replaces to drive motor of the present invention, so that the device can also be applied to a conventional power source car.
5, Since the present invention improve the design of the existing foundation cone structure commonly used on gear differential, it has a low cost of the transformation process, the manufacturing process and process inherit good features.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1: the overall construction of the drive axle of the present invention having power torque orientation distribution function.
FIG. 2: a partial cross-sectional view of the dual planetary gear mechanism coupled to a single row.
FIG. 3: a partial expanded view of a single row of double planetary gear mechanism.
FIG. 4: a axial expanded of the drive axle of the present invention having power torque orientation distribution function.
FIG. 5: a three-dimension expanded view of a single row of double planetary gear coupling mechanism and double planetary gear torque distribution mechanism.
FIG. 6: a expanded view of a double-row planetary gear mechanism and the planetary gear mechanism of the torque distribution at the right side member.
FIG. 7: a expanded view of a double-row planetary gear mechanism and the planetary gear mechanism of the torque distribution at the left side member.
FIG. 8: a axial expanded view of a torque distribution control motor.
FIG. 9: a axial expanded view of a differential and main reducer.
FIG. 10: a schematic diagram of the drive axle of the present invention having power torque orientation distribution function.
FIG. 11: a schematic diagram of power flow of the drive axle of the present invention having power torque orientation distribution function when the car is straight.
FIG. 12: a schematic diagram of power flow of the drive axle of the present invention having power torque orientation distribution function when the car turns right.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention will be further described in detail so as to enable those skilled in the reference implement according to the instruction text.
Shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the present invention provides a electric drive axle having an orientation distribution function, including a drive motor 1036, the main reducer, differential 1019, directional torque dispenser 1040, drive axle housing.
The main reducer promote the driving torque of motor 1036 amplify, and then by the differential 1019 torque distribution to the car left axle 1061 and right axle 1027. The inner splines of left axle 1061 on the left end connect to external splines of the end of left shaft 1076 of the left flange, and drive torque transmit to left axle 1076 of the left flange, thus, which makes both sides of the wheel rotation. The electric drive axle according to the present invention, since the differential is provided with directed dispenser 1040, has a torque output to the left and right drive half shaft 1076, 1027 conditions on the ability to selectively assign torque according that the right and left wheel occur torque unequal distribution range, the driving torque difference. The difference increase torque on the vehicle's ultimate driving ability to effectively adjust the car's driving posture.
Shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the left side of drive motor 1036 is positioned, and the output shaft 1036b is the inner spline permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is vehicle power source. The axis of motor parallel to the axle axis arranged to save space. Driving motor 1036 is fixedly connected in the right end of the drive axle housing by 12 circumferentially uniform bolt 1037, and by the left side surface of drive motor with the convex circular spigot position. Driving motor 1036 is disposed in the left side of the right drive axle to balance the weight of the orientation torque dispenser, to balance of the bridge on both sides of the wheel load.
Shown in FIG. 4, the main reducer is a two-stage helical gear reducer, which includes a first shaft 1021b of reducer, a drive gear 1021a, a second shaft 1025 of reducer, a first stage driven gear 1041, two stage active gear 1042 and two stage ring driven gears 1111. The end of main gear first shaft 1021b by a spline connected to the output shaft 1036 of drive motor, and using a pair of tapered roller bearings 1020,1022 face to face support in the drive axle main housing 1030 and the right end cover 1031 of drive axle. At the right end 1022 of cone roller bearings, the sink holes at right end face of the drive axle's right end cap is disposed lip seals 1023, which are arranged on the plain shaft of the journal at the right end of main gear first shaft 1021, to achieve the drive axle housing lubricating oil sealed in vivo. Said primary drive gear 1021a is a helical cylindrical gear, in fact, primary drive gear 1021a formed a main reducer first shaft 1021b integral, the main reducer first shaft 1021 is a whole gear shaft. The primary driven gear 1041 is a helical cylindrical gear, which is connected with the main reducer second shaft 1025 by the flat key. The secondary drive gear 1042 is a helical cylindrical gear, which is connected with the main reducer second shaft 1025 by the flat keys, and engaged the second ring gear 1111 fixed to the left end of the flange on the differential case. Two ends of the main reducer second shaft 1025 are supported on drive axle housing 1030 and the axle right end cap 1031 by a pair of facing installation taper roller bearings 1024, 1026.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 9, differential 1019 is a conventional bevel gear differential including differential case 1112, two left and right half shaft bevel gears 1116 and 1124, two half shaft gears thrust washer 1115 and 1125, spring pins 1121 and 1123, planetary gear shaft 1118, two cones planetary gears 1119 and 1122, and two planetary gear spherical washer 1117 and 1120. Said differential case 1112 is a unitary housing; there are two square windows open easy to install and input the oil lubrication. Main reducer two stage driven gear 1111 connection with the differential housing 1112 left circular flange by six bolts 1110, spring washers 1113 and hex nuts bolt 1114. The differential housing 1112 interior cavity load left half shaft gears 1116, the left half shaft gear thrust washer 1115, and right half shaft gears 1124, the right half shaft gear thrust washer 1125, the up planetary gears 1122, the up planetary gear spherical sheet 1117, down the planetary gears 1119, down planetary gear spherical shaft washer 1120 and the planetary gear shaft 1118, and the left and right half shaft gears 1116, 1124 are mounted on both sides of the differential case 1112 lumen, and at the same time up planetary gears 1122 and down the planetary gears 1119 mesh with each other. The both ends of said planetary gear shaft 1118 installed the up planetary gear 1122, the down planetary gear spherical washer 1117 and the down planetary gears 1119, down the planetary gear spherical washer 1120, and by the up spring pins 1123 and down flexible cylindrical pin 1121 fixed to the differential case 1112. Two ends of the main reducer 1019 are supported on drive axle housing 1030 and the drive axle right end cap 1031 by a pair of facing installation taper roller bearings 1017, 1028.
When the driving motor 1036 is working, the output shaft 1036b of the drive motor 1036 transfer driving torque to a main reducer first gear shaft 1021, and by one stage reduction gear and two stage reduction gear of the main reducer, the amplified drive torque is transmitted to the differential case 1112; differential case 1112 will be the rotated about its axis, thereby the planetary gear shaft 1118 bring the up planet gear 1122 and the down planet gear 1119 on its revolves around the axle axis. Since the teeth engaging relationship, meshing with the left and right half shaft gears 1116,1124 rotate about the axle axis simultaneously, and then driving torque average assigned to the left half shaft 1061 and the right half shaft 1027 spline connected the left and right half shaft gears 1116,1124, driving the vehicle. When the left half shaft 1061 and right half shaft 1027 are different speed, for example, when the vehicle turns, the upper and lower planetary gears 1122, 1119 will be revolution while rotating about the planetary gear shaft 1118, but also the driving torque approximate average passed to the left and right half drive shaft gears 1116,1124, and its spline were connected with left half shaft 1061 and right half shaft 1027, driving the vehicle.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, the torque directed dispenser 1040 located on the left of drive axle, including a single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b, double planetary gear torque distribution mechanism 1039, double planetary gear torque reduction mechanism 1011a, torque distribution control motor 1038, etc.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, said a single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b includes a sun gear 1061b, three pairs of planetary gears 1064 and 1056, carrier 1057 and differential shell ring 1058 meshing with each other. Said the sun gear 1061a and left axle connected left half shaft gear 1061b formed integrally, therefore, the left axle connected left half shaft gear is actually a whole gear shaft 1061. As shown in FIG. 5, due to the right end of the gear shaft 1061 is splines, which connect with the inner spline of left half shaft gear 1116 of differential case 1112, so the sun gear 1061b of single row double planetary gear mechanism 1014b and the left half shaft gears 1116 within the differential housing 1112 synchronous rotation, the direct transferring drive torque from left half shaft supported on the differential. Shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the ring gear 1058 of the differential case is one end of a ring gear and hollow shaft having external splines formed integrally to obtain. Shown in FIG. 1, external splines 1058 at the shaft end of ring gear of differential case connect to internal splines on the left side of the differential case 1112, the inner wall is axially against on the right shoulder of the gear shaft 1061 connected to the left half shaft gears, in order to reduce the wear between them, install a liner in the shoulder 1059 at shoulder in the left the left half shaft 1061. In addition, shown in FIG. 5, the bottom of ring groove associated differential housing ring gear 1058 is arranged an annular ring portion of the thrust needle roller bearing 1060 axially supported at a right end surface of the carrier 1056 to reduce the friction when the relative rotation. As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, on the back of the differential case ring gear portion 1058 support on an annular ring groove needle roller thrust bearings 1016 embedded inside the left cavity 1030 of the drive axle housing, and to reduce friction during the relative rotation. In addition, shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, the hollow shaft with external splines connected to the differential housing ring gear 1058 and drive axle housing 1030 left inside the cavity holes equipped with four lip seals 1018, the drive axle housing 1030 about two cavities separated, to avoid the main gear oil in the right chamber mixing with lightweight gear oils of the left chamber.
The three pairs of planetary gears meshing with each other are the inner and outer planet gears 1057, 1064, which evenly mounted on between said sun gear 1061b and the differential case ring gear 1058. Those are mounted the carrier 1056 together by a pin 1065,1066, and their rotation around their pins, wherein the outer planetary gear 1057 engage with the differential housing ring gear 1058 without engaging with the sun gear 1061b Inner planetary gears 1064 meshing with the sun gear 1061b but without engaging with differential case ring gears 1058, in addition, each pair of inner planet gears 1064 and outer planet gears 1057 assembly in pairs, and engaged with each other. Therefore, from the differential case 1112 drive torque transfer to the differential case ring gears 1058, the driving torque on the differential case ring gears 1058 through the inner and outer planetary gears 1064 and 1057 is passed to the sun gear 1061b, it is passed to the left half drive shaft 1061 with the left half shaft gears, that is, from the ring gear 1058 connected to the differential case transfer any drive torque on the sun gear 1061b will make the left drive shaft 1061 and right half shaft 1076 in the same direction of rotation with differential housing 1112 rotation direction. For each gear and size selection of the double planetary gear train 1014b, select the appropriate parameters of the planetary row according to the maximum designed torque distribution ratio of the torque directed dispenser; then according to the size select the number of teeth of each gears primaries.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5, FIG. 4, said double planetary gear torque distribution mechanism 1039 include share a long sun gear 1050 and the right torque distribution planetary gear train 1014a and left torque distribution planetary gear train 1011b having the same characteristic parameters planetary gear.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5, the right torque distribution planetary gear train 1014a comprise of said long sun gear 1050, three planet gears 1055, the ring gear 1056 and the planet carrier 1054. Wherein said the long sun gear 1050 by the needle bearing 1053 placing in the right side of inside the hole is mounted on the left of half drive shaft journal 1061 with the half gears, so between the long sun gear 1050 and left half shaft with the half gears 1061 can be relatively rotated; Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, the inner ring 1054 interference fit manner fixedly connected the left side of the inner diameter of drive axle housing 1030, and axially fixed with a hole with an elastic ring 1013, so that the inner ring 1054 relative drive axle housing 1030 is not relative motion, if necessary, take welding ring gear 1054 connected to the drive axle housing 1030 to overcome the driving torque; said the three planetary gear 1055 mounted evenly between the long sun gear 1050 and the ring gear 1054, and each rotation around the pin 1062 on the planetary carrier 1056, simultaneously the three planetary gears 1055 respectively engages the long sun gear 1050 and the ring gear 1054. The planet carrier 1056 is actually connected by a single row of double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b and the right torque distribution planetary gear 1014a of double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 shared, both co-frame, so in fact, a single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b and the right torque distribution planetary gear 1014a of double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 assembled into a unit 1014. The middle of the carrier 1056 by empty sleeve bushing 1052 is supported on the second shoulder of the left half drive shaft 1061 with the left gears, the support of the left side by a copper washer 1051 abuts the right end surface of the long sun gear 1050. In addition, the carrier 1056 the right end face by embedding to thrust needle roller bearings 1060 at the bottom of inner wall groove of the differential housing ring gear 1058 support at the bottom of the differential ring gear 1058. The copper gaskets 1051, bushings 1052, and thrust needle roller bearings 1060 are used to reduce contact wear relative movement.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, the left torque distribution planetary gear train 1011b comprise of said long sun gear 1050, three planet gears 1082, the ring gear 1075b and the planet carrier 1081. The inner gear ring 1075b is connected to the planet carrier 1075a of the double planetary gear reducer 1011a right planetary gear train. In fact, the inner ring gear 1075b and double rows of the planetary gear deceleration mechanism 1011a right carrier 1075a form integral, which is a ring gear 1075 with the carrier, arranged in most left position of driving axle case 1030, and the needle roller bearing 1079 support on the left end of the shaft neck of the planet carrier 1081. The three planetary gear 1082 evenly installed between the sun gear 1050 and ring gear 1075b, and their respective around a planet carrier 1081 pin 1083 rotation, three planetary gear 1082 respectively at the same time meshed with the long sun gear 1050 and ring gear 1075b. Said the carrier 1081 left journal bore by the inner spline connect with left half shaft 1076 on the left side of the flange, the inner and outer side walls on both sides by anti-friction pads 1073,1080 are against the left side of long sun gear 1050 and right side of the inner wall of the inner ring 1075b respectively. Because the left half shaft 1076 on the left side of the flange and the left half shaft 1061 of half shaft gear by spline connected together. Therefore, the planet carrier 1081, left half shaft 1076 with left flange, the left half shaft 1061 with left half shaft gear, differential left half axle gear 1116 and a left wheel connected together in synchronous rotation.
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, the double row planetary gear deceleration mechanism 1011a composed of share a ring gear 1070 and left and right planetary gears trains with the same planetary characteristics parameters, that is, left the deceleration planetary gear train and a right gear planetary gear train.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, said the right deceleration planetary gear train comprise of said sun gear 1072b, three planet gears 1074, the planet carrier 1075a and the ring gear 1070. Wherein, said the sun gear 1072b and the carrier 1072a of left deceleration planetary gear train formed integral, which by a needle bearing 1078 support on of the first section on the axis at the right end of left half drive shaft 1076 connected with left flange; Said the three planetary gear 1074 is uniformly arranged between the sun gear 1072b and the inner ring gear 1070, and each rotating round planetary gear 1075a pin shaft 1085, respectively with the sun gear 1072b and the inner gear ring 1070 meshing at the same time; Said planet carrier 1075a and the inner gear ring 1075b of left planetary gear train 1011b in double row planetary gear planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 formed integral, which is inner ring gear 1075 connected the carrier. The double row planetary gear reducer 1011a and left planetary gear 1011b in double row planetary gear planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 are together and became an independent member 1011. The inner ring gear 1075 connected to planet carrier by needle roller bearings 1079 support on the planetary carrier 1081 of left planetary gear train 1011b in the double row planetary gear TV mechanism 1039. In this way, the planetary carrier 1075a can relative planetary carrier 1081 rotate, that is, the planetary carrier 1075a can relatively rotate on the left half axle 1076 of left side flange. In addition, the planet carrier 1075a right end close to the planet rack 1081 left face of left planetary gear train 1011b in double rows planetary gear TV mechanism 1039, in order to decrease wear and tear between the two relative motion caused, in both support added an antifriction spacer 1080. In the gear ring 1070, double rows planetary gear reducer 1011a and the planetary gear train share a ring gear. In the ring gear 1070 in over fit installed on the right side of the inside diameter in the driving bridge case 1008 and hole with circlip 1012 is axially fixed, so that the inner gear ring 1070 is not motion relative to the driving bridge left case 1008, when necessary, adopt the welding mode is connected with an inner gear ring 1070 and driving bridge left case 1008.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, said the left deceleration planetary gear train comprise of said sun gear 1095b, three planet gears 1071, the planet carrier 1072a and the inner ring gear 1070. Wherein, the sun gear 1095b and inner rotor 1095a of torque distribution control motor 1038 processed into one. By needle roller bearings 1077 support on the left half axle 1076 connected to the left side of the flange; Said the three planetary gear 1071 evenly installed between the sun gear 1095b and the inner gear ring 1070, and respective rotate around the planet bracket 1072a pin 1084, respectively meshed with the sun gear 1095b and the inner gear ring 1070 simultaneously; Said the inner gear ring 1070, double rows planetary gear deceleration mechanism 1011a and the right planetary gear train share a inner gear ring, and which fixed on the driving bridge left shell inside.
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, said the torque distribution control motor 1038 of torque direction distribution is a hollow shaft type internal rotor motor, which is composed of an inner rotor 1095 and a stator 1094. Wherein, the torque distribution control motor 1038 is installed on the left cavity of drive axle left housing 1008, the right end surface of the stator 1094 against rib plate in the inside of the drive left case axle 1008, the left end surface of the stator 1094 fixed by 10 bolts 1043 and left end cap 1005 and paper gasket 1006 gluing together, relative to the drive axle so that it can not be movement relative to left case 1008; the left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange disposed in by its right of double rows needle roller bearings 1093 at three sections of the smooth axis of the journal supported in the internal bore of the left end of the rotor 1095 within the torque distribution control motor 1038 the rotor 1095 can be rotate freely on left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange. In fact, a sun gear 1095b of the left planetary gear train of double planetary gear mechanism 1011a in the torque directed dispenser 1040 and the rotor 1095a of torque distribution control motor 1038 formed integrally, to become an independent member 1095.
Shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 8, said half shaft comprise of a left axle 1061 connected to the left half shaft gear, the left and right half shaft 10271076 connected to left flange. Among them, the right end of the left axle 1061 connected to left half shaft gears by splines connected with the left half shaft gears 1116, which left by inner splines and external splines at the right end of left half shaft connected to the left flange, mutual support to each other; said left half shaft 1076 connected to the left side of the flange is a stepped hollow spline shaft, which right and left ends are the splines, the intermediate shaft consists of a shoulder, the smooth axis of three sections. The left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange insert from the rotor 1095 hollow of the torque distribution control motor 1038, the left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange arranged in the right of the third paragraph smooth axis journal's the roll needle bearing 1093 is supported on the torque distribution control motor 1038 rotor 1095 left hole, needle roller bearings 1093 against the left half shaft shoulder 1076 connected to the left flange. The left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange by external spline in the end of shaft engage inner spline of the left flange 1003, and by the bolt head taper of left long bolt 1001 lock end of left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange 1003 tightly. To prevent the left half shaft 1061 connected to left the half shaft gears, left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange axially moving, said the left long bolt 1001 from the left flange 1003 started, successively pass through the left half shaft 1076 connected to left flange and left half shaft 1061 concentric hole connected to left half shaft gears, left long bolt 1001 head cone pressed left flange 1003 end surface of the cone, end of the left long bolt 1001 having a length of small diameter external thread, by screwing connected to anti-left rotation nut 1126. The anti-left rotation nut 1126 by an interference fit connect with spline hole 1116 of the left half shaft gear, which flanging on the end face of the left half shaft gear 1116 is axially limit. The right axle 1027 is a few short ladder hollow spline shaft, the left and right ends equipped the spline, the middle comprising of the two smooth axis. The left end of half shaft 1027 is connected right half shaft gears 1124by a spline. The differential housing 1112 by antifriction spacer 1044 against in the right half shaft 1027 shoulder, external spindle in right side of right half shaft 1027 connected with inner spline of right flange 1032, the end of right flange 1032 against right end shaft of the right half shaft 1027, and the right side of long bolt 1033 mate locking cone surface centered on the right half shaft 1027. In order to prevent axial movement of the right half shaft 1027 and the right flange, said long bolts 1033 from the right start flange 1032 is inserted bore in the right side of the right half shaft 1027, the right long bolt 1033 cone shaped head is pressed against the tapered end surface of right flange 1032, the right long bolt 1033 shaft portion having a length of small-diameter external thread, by screwing in the anti-right rotation nut 1127. The anti-right rotation nut 1127 by an interference fit connect with spline of the right half shaft gear 1124 with small-diameter mating, which flanging on the end face of the right half shaft gear 1124.
Working principles of the invention as follows:
The torque distribution motor 1038 of directional torque control dispenser 1040 mounted between the left cavity the drive axle housing 1008 and left end cap 1005. When the torque distribution control motor 1038 receives an electrical signal, the torque distribution control motor 1038 internal rotor 1095 starts rotating, thus which will lead to the sun gear 1095b on the inner rotor 1095 forward or reverse rotation to output directional distribution torque, the torque distribution control motor 1038 is controlled by motor controller, control command from the motor controller is issued by the vehicle drive controller.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the vehicle is traveling straight, wheel speed on both sides of the axle of the vehicle is substantially equal, torque distribution control motor drive controller 1038 does not receive instructions of controller, then torque directional distribution dispenser 1040 can ensure torque control distribution motor 1038 inner rotor 1095 without following wheel rotation, thereby reducing the induced electromotive force, to improve driving efficiency and reduce the burden on the motor controller hardware. In this case, the torque direction dispenser 1040 does not affect the approximate average distribution of drive torque at the left and right axle. At this time, the differential case 1112, ring gear 1058 connected to differential shell, left half shaft 1061 connected to half shaft gears and sun gear 1061a, carrier 1056 are in the same rotational speed. Thus, the double planetary gears of single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b are at the same speed around the sun gear 1061a revolution without rotation occurs. Meanwhile, the carrier 1081 of left planetary gear train 1011b in the double rows planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 by the spline connected with the left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange fixedly, the left half shaft 1076 connected to\the left flange connected with the left half shaft with left half shaft gear solid company, so single row double planetary gear coupling TV mechanism 1014b and double rows planetary TV mechanism 1014a shared common carrier 1056, which is the same speed with the carrier 1081 of left planetary gears train 1011b in double rows planetary TV mechanism 1039. Meanwhile, the left and right planetary gear train 1011b, 1014a in the double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039, have the same characteristic parameter in the design, that is, planetary gear 1082,1055 of the left and right planetary gear 1011b, 1014a and inner ring gear 1075b, 1054 are the same parameters. According to the kinematic equations of planetary gear train, the inner ring gear 1075b, 1014a of left and right planetary gear 1011b is the same speed, while the ring gear 1054 of the right planetary gear train 1014a is connected to the drive axle housing 1030 and its speed is zero, therefore, the ring gear 1075b of left planetary gear train 1011b is also zero. The carrier 1075a of the right planetary gear train in double planetary gear mechanism 1011a and the inner ring 1075b of left planetary gear train 1011b in double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 formed integral, and left and right two planetary gear trains of double planetary gear mechanism 1011a shared the common ring gear 1070, which is fixedly connected with the drive axle left housing 1008. Therefore, right planetary gear train in the double planetary gear reduction mechanism 1011a does not rotate, the sun gear 1072b does not rotate, and because the carrier 1072a of left and right planetary trains in the double planetary gear reduction mechanism 1011a and the sun gear 1072a is one, therefore the carrier 1072a of the left planetary gear train in double planetary gear mechanism 1011a does not rotate, so left planetary gear train of double planetary gear deceleration mechanism 1011a does not rotate, the sun gear 1095b does not rotate, namely the rotor 1095 of the torque distribution control motor 1038 does not rotate. In other words, when the torque distribution control motor 1038 of the torque directional dispenser 1040 receives electrical signals to work, the inner rotor 1038 of the torque distribution control motor 1095 and the sun gear 1095b start rotating, the planetary gear 1071 of left planetary gear train in double rows planetary gear mechanism 1011a revolution around the sun gear 1095b at the same directional turn, the carrier 1072a deceleration output power, the planetary gears 1074 of right planetary gear train 1074 in double planetary gear mechanism 1011a is driven by the sun gear 1072b to the same directional turn, the carrier 1075a of right planetary gear train that is, inner ring 1075b of left planetary gear train 1011b in double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 reduce together at the direction of rotation to output power. Therefore, the inner ring 1075b of left and right planetary gear train 1011b, 1014a in the double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 have a different speed (since inner ring gear 1054 speed is zero), and left and right planetary gear 1011b, 1014a of double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 having a common long sun gear 1050, that is, the sun gear 1050 of the left and right planetary gear 1011b, 1014a are the same rotation speed, according to the planetary gear train kinematic formula, the carrier 1081 and 1056 of the left and right planetary gear train 1011b, 1014a produce different speed, namely the speed difference. Further, since the planet carrier 1081 of left planetary gear train in the double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 is connected to left half shaft by splines (left half shaft 1061 connected to left half shaft gear and the left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange). Therefore, the planet carrier 1081 in double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 and the sun gear 1061b of single row planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b is the same rotation speed. At this time, different speed of the sun gear 1061b and the carrier 1056 will be forced to lead the planetary gear 1057 of single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b to differential rotate, that is, when the car go straight, which causes differential at the different speed, that is, the side of the wheel speed acceleration, while the other side wheel deceleration, but when the car go straight according to car kinematics, left and right sides of wheels rotate at the same speed inevitable, so that the difference speed led to the left and right sides of different driving torque, thus achieving directional distribution torque.
Thus, under normal circumstances, when the vehicle is straight, the torque distribution control motor 1038 does not receive electrical signals, the inner rotor 1095 does not rotate, at this time the differential 1019 is the same as the conventional differential, the driving motor 1036 transmitted to the power and drive torque is equally distributed to the left half shaft (left half shaft 1061 connected to left half shaft gears and the left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange) and right half shaft 1027. Driving torque and power from the driving motor 1036 by main reducer two stage driven gear 1111 is passed to the differential case 1112, then being passed to the planetary gear shaft 1118 fixed to the differential case 1112 on. When the planetary gear shaft 1118 rotates together with the differential case 1112, the left and right half shaft gears 1116 and 1124 are at the same rotation speed on the left and right half shaft 1061,1027 respectively. However, due to the torque distribution control motor 1038 had not received electrical signal, the torque distribution control motor 1038 does not start, torque directional dispenser 1040 does not output any torque, which does not affect the normal operation of the differential 1019, at this time the torque distribution relationship is shown in FIG. 11. However, when the car is to perform interference instability, according to the actual situation the vehicle controller can send torque directional distribution instruction, which can control inner rotor 1095 of the torque distribution control motor 1038 forward or reverse rotation by the motor controller, so that the orientation distribution torque passes to the left half shaft (left half shaft 1061 connected to left half shaft gears and the left half shaft 1076 connected to the left flange) and the right half shaft's 1027 drive torque, resulting in a yaw moment of couple to correct vehicle attitude to ensure the stability of straight running, at this time the torque distribution relationship is shown in FIG. 12.
As shown in FIG. 12, when the vehicle is cornering, especially when carried out at high speed cornering, the motor controller will send an electrical signal to torque distribution control motor 1038 of the torque directional distribution dispenser 1040, the inner rotor of the torque control distribution motor 1038 starts rotating, at the role of the torque directional distribution dispenser 1040, more torque directionally transferred to the outside wheels. If the direction of the wheel rotation while the car driving is defined as a positive direction, so if the car enters a curve to the right, the left wheels of the car and left half shaft (left half shaft 1061 connected to the left half shaft gears and left half shaft 1076 connected to left flange) rotate faster than the right wheels and right half shaft 1027 of cars the difference speed will be more than normal cornering difference speed determined by differential, which led to transmit drive torque to the outside wheel more. Specifically, torque distribution control motor 1038 of the torque directional dispenser 1040 receives an electrical signal, the inner rotor 1095 of the torque distribution control motor 1038 and the sun gear 1095b generates the positive direction of rotation, thus planetary gear 1071 of left planetary gear train in double rows planetary gear reduction mechanism 1011a produce positive directional revolution, the carrier 1072a produce positive direction revolution, together with sun wheel 1072b connected with the carrier 1072a also produce positive direction of rotation, the planetary gear 1074 of right planetary gear train in double rows planetary gear mechanism 1011a generate positive direction revolution, so the planetary gear 1082 of left planetary gear 1011b in double rows the planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 produce positive direction of rotation, while the planetary gear 1055 of right planetary gear train 1014a produce opposite directional revolution, that is, the carrier 1056 will produce rotational resistance to hinder differential case 1112 movement. In fact, double rows planetary gear mechanism 1011a and double planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 plays torque amplification effect, therefore, the torque applied to the carrier 1056 is much more than the torque distribution control motor 1038 applied to the inner rotor 1095 and the sun gear 1095b, which can reduce the torque distribution control motor size. In this case, the planetary gears 1057 and 1064 of single row double planetary gear coupling mechanism 1014b no longer connect with ring gear 1058 having the half shaft and sun gear 1061b of double planetary gears train 1014b, which is freely idling. Due to the carrier 1056 applied to impede the differential housing 1112 rotation resistance, the carrier 1056 takes torque control distribution motor 1038 transmitted torque from the differential case 1112 spreading to the sun gear 1061b and left half shaft (left half shaft 1061 connected to left half shaft gears and the left half shaft 1076 connected to left flange), so that the role of the left half shaft (left half shaft 1061 connected to left half shaft gears and the left half shaft 1076 connected to left flange) on drive torque larger than in the right half shaft 1027 driving torque. In other words, ring gear 1058 of the differential housing by the planetary gear 1057 and 1064 drive the sun gear 1061b, namely, to give the left half shaft 1076 higher speed. Therefore, at this time the torque directional dispenser 1040 played a overspeed device role in the left half shaft 1076. If the car enters a curve to the left, the motor controller sends to the torque control distribution motor 1038 an electrical signal in the opposite rotation direction, the inner rotor 1095 and the sun gear 1095b start reversing rotation, the same token, at this time the carrier 1056 of the planetary gear 1055 of the right planetary gear train 1014a in double rows planetary gear TV mechanism 1039 generates a promotion rotational force to the differential case 1112, therefore, under the torque directional dispenser 1040 control, there is more the drive torque transmitted from the differential case 1112 to right half shaft 1027.
Therefore, in general, following the torque distribution control motor 1038 of torque directional dispenser 1040 positive direction rotation torque more larger, the torque commutator 1041 transmitted to the left half shaft 1076 greater torque.
The torque directional dispenser 1040 depends on several conditions, all of these conditions may be mounted on the vehicle sensor monitor, and processed by a processor to control the torque control distribution motor 1038 electric signal, the conditions monitored including vehicle speed, yaw rate, lateral and longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle, the steering angle, wheel slip ratio, engine and transmission operating parameters, and temperature of the torque distribution control motor 1038 and the like.
In addition, experience with the straight running disturbance instability hazardous situation, if the vehicle turns into the slippery pavement or some other poor road pavement, when concrete pavement conditions to the torque distribution of left and right half shaft 1076 on 1027, also allows torque distribution control motor 1038 of torque directional dispenser 1040 receive an electrical signal, actively distributing drive torque left half shaft 1076 and the right half shaft 1027 in order that the vehicle can be stabilized travel according to road conditions.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been disclosed above, but it is not limited to the use of the specification and embodiments listed, it can be applied to various fields suitable for the invention, for a person skilled in the art, it can be easily additional modifications to achieve, and therefore without departing from the general concept of the scope of the claims and the equivalents as defined in the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations herein illustrated and described herein.
Patent Application
20170023114
