This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-058344 filed on Mar. 31, 2022, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
This invention relates to a driving ability determination system and a driving ability determination method configured to determine driving ability of a driver of a vehicle.
As this type of device, there has been conventionally known a device that measures a safe driving ability of a driver (see, for example, JP 2014-174848 A). In the device described in JP 2014-174848 A, a load is applied to a driver to disperse attention by intermittently outputting sound, steering entropy values indicating each of shaking of steering in a load state and a no-load state, are calculated, and a safe driving ability of the driver is evaluated based on a difference between shaking evaluation values calculated in the load state and the no-load state.
However, in the device described in JP 2014-174848 A, it is necessary to apply a load to a driver in order to evaluate a safe driving ability of the driver, which hinders driving.
An aspect of the present invention is a driving ability determination system, including: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor is configured to perform: acquiring time-series travel data of a vehicle; identifying a driver of the vehicle; and calculating an evaluation value indicating steering characteristics of the identified driver based on travel data during one cycle from a start time point to an end time point of the vehicle from among the acquired travel data.
Another aspect of the present invention is a driving ability determination method, including the steps of: acquiring time-series travel data of a vehicle; identifying a driver of the vehicle; and calculating an evaluation value indicating steering characteristics of the identified driver based on travel data during one cycle from a start time point to an end time point of the vehicle from among the acquired travel data.
The objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments in relation to the attached drawings, in which:
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to
Therefore, in the present embodiment, as will be described below, the driving ability determination system is configured to determine a driving ability, particularly a driving ability related to a cognitive function, based on travel data obtained when the driver drives the vehicle, such that the driver himself/herself or his/her family can support safe driving by grasping that the cognitive function of the driver tends to decrease.
The low-load sections include travel sections such as a right curve, a left curve, a lane change, a right turn, and a left turn. Among these low-load sections, in a section in which the traveling direction of the vehicle is changed across the opposite lane at an intersection (a right turn section in a country or region where left-hand traffic is adopted for vehicles, or a left turn section in a country or region where right-hand traffic is adopted for vehicles, which will be simply referred to as a “left turn section”), when the driver recognizes a target track of the vehicle, it is necessary to grasp the situation of the opposite lane ahead and to grasp the situation of the target travel lane prior to the left turn. In this case, a shift of the line of sight between the opposite lane ahead and the target travel lane prior to the left turn increases the driver's mental activity, and a driving load, particularly a cognitive load related to cognition, increases as compared with those in the other low-load sections. For this reason, the cognitive function of the driver greatly affects driving stability in the left turn section. By evaluating driving stability based on such travel data obtained in the left turn section, it is possible to determine a driving ability related to the cognitive function of the driver.
Examples of the travel section in which the cognitive function of the driver affects driving stability include, in addition to the left turn section, a section in which the number of times the line of sight shifts is larger than a predetermined number such as a section in which many signs are provided or a two-way traffic section, a section in which traffic lights are provided, a section in which the number of pedestrians is larger than a predetermined number such as a downtown, a section in which the number of blind spots during driving is larger than a predetermined number such as an intersection with poor visibility, a section in which a plurality of roads intersect, and the like. Therefore, the driving ability related to the cognitive function of the driver can also be determined by acquiring travel data in such a section in such a manner as to be distinguishable from that in the other sections and evaluating driving stability based on the acquired travel data. When time-series position information is acquired in addition to the travel data of the vehicle, a specific preset travel section can be identified based on the position information.
The information acquisition unit 13 acquires time-series travel data of a vehicle for each pre-registered driver. For example, the information acquisition unit 13 acquires travel data measured in a pre-registered vehicle that is routinely driven by each driver. The travel data includes information on a steering angle of a steering wheel detected by a sensor mounted on each vehicle, information on whether each seat door including a driver's seat door is opened, information on whether a driver's seat is occupied, information on whether a driver's seat belt is buckled, information on a biologically authenticated driver, and the like.
The travel data of each vehicle, more specifically, the travel data for each cycle from a start time point to an end time point of each vehicle, is transmitted to the system 10, for example, at a predetermined cycle via a telematics control unit (TCU) mounted on the vehicle together with a vehicle ID given in advance to each vehicle. The information acquisition unit 13 acquires travel data transmitted from a pre-registered vehicle as time-series travel data for each pre-registered driver. The time-series travel data for each driver acquired by the information acquisition unit 13 is stored in the storage unit 12.
Here, one cycle refers to a period from a start time point to an end time point of the vehicle as a use period of the vehicle for movement from a departure point to a destination point. The start time point of the vehicle may be, for example, a time point when the ignition of the vehicle is turned on, and the end time point of the vehicle may be, for example, a time point when the ignition of the vehicle is turned off.
An input/output unit including an output unit such as a display and a speaker and an input unit such as a touch panel and a microphone is provided in the vicinity of the driver's seat of each vehicle. When the vehicle is activated, a current driver who drives the vehicle is identified via the input/output unit. For example, when a user ID (user name) of a pre-registered driver is notified via the output unit, the user is urged to give confirmation or input a password, and the user inputs a confirmation result via the input unit, the current driver is identified according to the confirmation result. Instead of or in addition to the input/output device, the identification unit may include a camera that performs face authentication or iris authentication, and a sensor that performs fingerprint authentication, palm print authentication, finger vein authentication, or the like. In addition, voice authentication may be performed via the microphone. Information on the driver identified by the identification unit at the time of starting the vehicle is also transmitted to the system 10 as travel data.
Based on the user information registered in advance to use a driving ability determination service, the identification unit 14 acquires travel data and identifies a driver to be evaluated for driving stability. More specifically, the identification unit 14 identifies driver information such as a vehicle ID of the pre-registered vehicle that is routinely driven by the driver to be evaluated or a user ID of the driver. The driver information identified by the identification unit 14 is stored in the storage unit 12. The travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13 from each vehicle is associated with each driver based on the driver information, and is accumulated in the storage unit 12 as travel data for each driver.
The determination unit 15 determines whether the driver's seat door has been opened during one cycle from the start to the end of the vehicle based on the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit 12. That is, the determination unit 15 determines whether there is a possibility that the driver's seat door has been opened to switch the driver during one cycle. When the determination unit 15 determines that there is a possibility that the driver has been switched during one cycle, travel data obtained thereafter may be excluded from the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit 12.
The determination unit 15 may determine whether or not there is a possibility that the driver has been switched during one cycle by determining whether or not the driver's seat door has been opened and the driver has left the seat. The determination unit 15 may determine whether there is a possibility that the driver has been switched during one cycle by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened and a seat door other than the driver's seat door has been opened. The determination unit 15 may determine whether there is a possibility that the driver has been switched during one cycle by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened and the driver's seat belt has been unbuckled.
When the driver is identified by the input/output unit on the vehicle side at all times or in conjunction with whether the driver's seat door is opened, the determination unit 15 can directly determine whether the driver has been switched based on a driver identifying result. In this case, the determination unit 15 may determine whether the driver's seat door has been opened and the driver has been switched during one cycle.
The evaluation value calculation unit 16 calculates an a value and an Hp value indicating steering characteristics of an individual driver based on the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit 12. More specifically, the evaluation value calculation unit 16 determines a travel section for each unit time based on a time-dependent change in steering angle, and calculates an a value indicating steering characteristics of the driver based on travel data obtained in a period in which it is determined that the vehicle is traveling in a no-load section or a low-load section (no-load/low-load section). In addition, the evaluation value calculation unit 16 calculates an Hp value indicating steering characteristics of the driver, when the cognitive load increases based on travel data obtained in a period in which it is determined that the vehicle is traveling in a left turn section.
More specifically, as illustrated in
e(n)=θ(n)−θp(n) (i)
By using the travel data in the no-load/low-load section excluding the high-load section in which a large amount of steering is required and a driving skill greatly affects shaking of steering, the a value indicating shaking of steering of the driver in the normal state can be appropriately calculated.
Furthermore, the evaluation value calculation unit 16 calculates an Hp value indicating steering characteristics of the driver when the cognitive load increases, based on the calculated α value and the travel data in the left turn section. More specifically, the evaluation value calculation unit 16 calculates a predicted steering angle θp(n) and a predicted error e(n) at each time point n based on the travel data in the left turn section, and a frequency distribution of the predicted error e(n) as indicated by the broken line is divided into nine ranges P1 to P9 based on a values. That is, based on eight reference values −5α, −2.5α, −α, −0.5α, 0.5α, α, 2.5α, and 5α, the frequency distribution of the predicted error e(n) is divided into nine ranges P1 (−5α or less), P2 (−5α to −2.5α), P3 (−2.5α to −α), P4 (−α to −0.5α), P5 (−0.5α to 0.5α), P6 (0.5α to α), P7 (α to 2.5α), P8 (2.5α to 5α), and P9 (5α or more). Then, a steering entropy value (Hp value) is calculated by the following equation (ii) based on the ratios p1 to p9 of the ranges P1 to P9.
Hp=−Σpi·log9pi (ii)
The Hp value, which indicates smoothness of steering, becomes a smaller value as the frequency distribution of the predicted error e(n) becomes sharper with less shaking of steering, and becomes a larger value as the frequency distribution of the predicted error e(n) becomes broader with more shaking of steering. By using the travel data in the left turn section where the line of sight shifts a large number of times and the cognitive function greatly affects shaking of steering, it is possible to appropriately calculate an Hp value indicating shaking of steering of the driver when the cognitive load becomes higher as compared with that in the normal state.
The cognitive function evaluation unit 17 evaluates a cognitive function of the driver based on the Hp value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 16. That is, by continuously monitoring the Hp value indicating shaking of steering when the cognitive load increases, it is possible to evaluate that the cognitive function of the driver tends to decrease. For example, when the Hp value calculated periodically (e.g., monthly) based on the travel data on routine driving tends to increase, it is evaluated that the cognitive function tends to decrease.
The information output unit 18 transmits a result of the evaluation by the cognitive function evaluation unit 17 to a user terminal of the driver himself/herself, his/her family, or the like. For example, a notification can be transmitted to an e-mail address registered in advance. In this case, with the notification as a trigger, the driver himself/herself, his/her family, or the like can consider return of the driver's license, replacement with a vehicle having enhanced driving support functions, or the like. Since objective information is provided based on the travel data, it is easy for the driver to accept the current state of his/her cognitive function, and the driver can consider an appropriate response at an early stage.
Next, in S4, an a value is calculated based on travel data in a period determined as a no-load/low-load section in S3 among the travel data read in S2. Next, in S5, an Hp value is calculated based on travel data in a period determined as a left turn section in S3 among the travel data read in S2 and the a value calculated in S4. The latest Hp value calculated in S5 is stored and accumulated in the storage unit 12. Next, in S6, the latest Hp value stored in the storage unit 12 is compared with the past Hp values to determine a driving ability related to the cognitive function of the driver. Next, in S7, an evaluation result of S6 is transmitted to a mail address registered in advance, and the process ends.
As described above, since the a value and the Hp value, which are indices for determining a driving ability of the driver, can be calculated only based on the routine travel data, the driving ability can be determined without hindering the driving (S1 to S5). In addition, since the a value and the Hp value are calculated based on the travel data during one cycle from the start to the end of the pre-registered vehicle, the driving ability of the individual pre-registered driver can be appropriately determined (S2 to S6). In addition, since the cognitive function of the driver is automatically evaluated only based on the route travel data, and the evaluation result is notified to the driver himself/herself or his/her family, it is possible to reduce the watching burden on the family living apart from the elderly person who drives the vehicle (S1 to S7).
Each of
If YES in S8, the process proceeds to S9, and the travel data after the driver's seat door is opened among the travel data during each cycle is excluded from the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit. Then, the process proceeds to S3. If NO in S8, the process proceeds directly to S3. As a result, when the driver's seat door has been opened during each cycle and there is a possibility that the driver has been switched, travel data obtained thereafter is excluded from the travel data for each driver, thereby more appropriately determining a driving ability of each driver.
If YES in S10, the process proceeds to S9, and the travel data after the driver's seat door is opened among the travel data during each cycle is excluded from the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit. Then, the process proceeds to S3. If NO in S8 or S10, the process proceeds directly to S3. As a result, only when there is a high possibility that the driver leaves the seat and the driver is switched during each cycle, travel data obtained thereafter is excluded from the travel data for each driver, thereby more appropriately determining a driving ability of each driver while effectively using the travel data.
If YES in S11, the process proceeds to S9, and the travel data after the driver's seat door is opened among the travel data during each cycle is excluded from the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit. Then, the process proceeds to S3. If NO in S8 or S11, the process proceeds directly to S3. As a result, only when the driver's seat door and another seat door are simultaneously opened during each cycle and there is a high possibility that the driver and another occupant are switched to each other, travel data obtained thereafter is excluded from the travel data for each driver. Therefore, it is possible to more appropriately determine a driving ability of each driver while effectively using the travel data.
If YES in S12, the process proceeds to S9, and the travel data after the driver's seat door is opened among the travel data during each cycle is excluded from the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit. Then, the process proceeds to S3. If NO in S8 or S12, the process proceeds directly to S3. Only when there is a high possibility that the driver unbuckles the seat belt and the driver is switched during each cycle, travel data obtained thereafter is excluded from the travel data for each driver, thereby more appropriately determining a driving ability of each driver while effectively using the travel data.
If YES in S13, the process proceeds to S9, and the travel data after the driver's seat door is opened among the travel data during each cycle is excluded from the travel data for each driver stored in the storage unit. Then, the process proceeds to S3. If NO in S8 or S13, the process proceeds directly to S3. As a result, only when the driver is switched during each cycle, travel data obtained thereafter is excluded from the travel data for each driver, thereby more appropriately determining a driving ability of each driver while effectively using the travel data.
According to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(1) A system 10 includes: an information acquisition unit 13 that acquires time-series travel data of a vehicle, an identification unit 14 that identifies a driver of the vehicle, and an evaluation value calculation unit 16 that calculates an a value and an Hp value indicating steering characteristics of the driver identified by the identification unit 14 based on travel data during one cycle from a start time point to an end time point of the vehicle among the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13 (
(2) The evaluation value calculation unit 16 calculates an a value and an Hp value indicating steering characteristics of the driver at a start time point of a vehicle identified by the identification unit 14 based on travel data during one cycle (
(3) The system 10 further includes a storage unit 12 that stores the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13 and the a value and the Hp value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 16 in association with the driver at the start time point of the vehicle identified by the identification unit 14 (
(4) The travel data includes information on a state of the vehicle detected by a sensor mounted on the vehicle. The system 10 further includes a determination unit 15 that determines whether the driver has been switched during one cycle based on the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13 (
(5) The travel data includes information on whether a driver's seat door is opened as the information on the state of the vehicle. The determination unit 15 determines whether the driver has been switched during one cycle by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened during one cycle based on the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13 (
(6) The travel data includes information on whether the driver's seat door is opened and information on whether a driver's seat is occupied as the information on the state of the vehicle. Based on the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13, the determination unit 15 determines whether the driver has been switched during one cycle, by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened and the driver has left the seat during one cycle (
(7) The travel data includes information on whether the driver's seat door is opened and information on whether a seat door other than the driver's seat door is opened as the information on the state of the vehicle. Based on the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13, the determination unit 15 determines whether the driver has been switched during one cycle, by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened and a seat door other than the driver's seat door has been opened during one cycle (
(8) The travel data includes information on whether the driver's seat door is opened and information on whether a driver's seat belt is buckled as the information on the state of the vehicle. Based on the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13, the determination unit 15 determines whether the driver has been switched during one cycle, by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened and the driver's seat belt has been unbuckled during one cycle (
(9) The travel data includes information on whether the driver's seat door is opened and information on a biologically authenticated driver as the information on the state of the vehicle. Based on the travel data acquired by the information acquisition unit 13, the determination unit 15 determines whether the driver has been switched during one cycle, by determining whether the driver's seat door has been opened and the driver has been switched during one cycle (
In the above-described embodiment, it has been described as an example, with reference to
Although the present invention has been described above as a driving ability determination system, the present invention can also be used as a driving ability determination method. That is, the driving ability determination method includes: an information acquisition step S2 of acquiring time-series travel data of a vehicle; an identification step S1 of identifying a driver of the vehicle; and evaluation value calculation steps S4 and S5 of calculating evaluation values indicating steering characteristics of the driver identified in the identification step S1 based on the travel data during one cycle from a start time point to an end time point of the vehicle among the travel data acquired in the information acquisition step S2 (
The above embodiment can be combined as desired with one or more of the aforesaid modifications. The modifications can also be combined with one another.
According to the present invention, it is possible to determine the driving ability without hindering the driving.
Above, while the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood, by those skilled in the art, that various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2022-058344 | Mar 2022 | JP | national |