Driving apparatus, electro-mechanical conversion element used therein, photographic apparatus and mobile phone

Abstract

A driving apparatus comprises: an electro-mechanical conversion element; a driving member, provided on one end side of the electro-mechanical conversion element, that moves in response to extension and contraction of the electro-mechanical conversion element; and a driven member frictionally engaged with the driving member, so as to cause the driven member to travel along the driving member, wherein the electro-mechanical conversion element and the driving member are connected to each other by an adhesive; and wherein a treatment for intensifying adhesive force is applied to an adhesive surface, which is to be attached to the adhesive, on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the driving member.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a sectional plan view which shows a driving apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram which shows a driving circuit for an actuator shown in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 4A and 4B are waveform diagrams of input signals which are inputted into the driving circuit in FIG. 3;

FIGS. 5A and 5B are waveform diagrams of output signals which are outputted from the driving circuit in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional plan view of a driving apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional plan view of a driving apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a chart showing the results of a continuous drop test;

FIG. 9 is a chart showing the results of an adhesive force comparison test; and

FIG. 10 is a chart showing the results of an adhesive force driving speed properties test.

Claims

1. A driving apparatus comprising: an electro-mechanical conversion element;a driving member, provided on one end side of the electro-mechanical conversion element, that moves in response to extension and contraction of the electro-mechanical conversion element; anda driven member frictionally engaged with the driving member, so as to cause the driven member to travel along the driving member,wherein the electro-mechanical conversion element and the driving member are connected to each other by an adhesive; andwherein a treatment for intensifying adhesive force is applied to an adhesive surface, which is to be attached to the adhesive, on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the driving member.

2. A driving apparatus comprising: an electro-mechanical conversion element;a driving member, provided on one end side of the electro-mechanical conversion element, that moves in response to extension and contraction of the electro-mechanical conversion element;a driven member frictionally engaged with the driving member; anda weight member provided on the other end side of the electro-mechanical conversion element, so as to cause the driven member to travel along the driving member,wherein the electro-mechanical conversion element and the weight member are connected to each other by an adhesive; andwherein a treatment for intensifying adhesive force is applied to an adhesive surface, which is to be attached to the adhesive, on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the weight member.

3. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the treatment for intensifying adhesive force is implemented by a cleaning treatment or a mechanical treatment.

4. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein the mechanical treatment is a sanding process.

5. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 4, wherein the sanding process is implemented by use of an abrasive grain which is coarser than the grit of an 800-grit sand paper.

6. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein the adhesive surface on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the driving member comprises an area whose surface roughness is Ra 1 μm or more.

7. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein the adhesive surface on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the driving member comprises an area whose surface roughness is rougher than surface roughnesses of other surfaces than the adhesive surface.

8. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the treatment for intensifying adhesive force is implemented by a cleaning treatment or a mechanical treatment.

9. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein the mechanical treatment is a sanding process.

10. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 9, wherein the sanding process is implemented by use of an abrasive grain which is coarser than the grit of an 800-grit sand paper.

11. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein the adhesive surface on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the weight member comprises an area whose surface roughness is Ra 1 μm or more.

12. A driving apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein the adhesive surface on at least one of the electro-mechanical conversion element and the weight member comprises an area whose surface roughness is rougher than surface roughnesses of other surfaces than the adhesive surface.

13. A method of producing an electro-mechanical conversion element, the method comprising, in this order: a stacking step of stacking a plurality of piezoelectric elements between electrodes so as to form a stacked type piezoelectric element;a surface roughening step of providing an area whose surface roughness is rougher on at least one end face of the stacked type piezoelectric element, said least one end face being along a direction in which the piezoelectric elements are stacked; anda cutting step of cutting the stacked type piezoelectric element to a predetermined dimension.

14. A photographic apparatus comprising: the driving apparatus set forth in claim 1; andan optical member connected to the driven member of the driving apparatus.

15. A photographic apparatus comprising: the driving apparatus set forth in claim 2; andan optical member connected to the driven member of the driving apparatus.

16. A mobile phone comprising the driving apparatus set forth in claim 1.

17. A mobile phone comprising the driving apparatus set forth in claim 2.

18. A mobile phone comprising a driving apparatus, wherein the driving apparatus includes an electro-mechanical conversion element obtainable by the method set forth in claim 13.

19. A mobile phone comprising the photographic apparatus set forth in claim 14.

20. A mobile phone comprising the photographic apparatus set forth in claim 15.