Patent Grant
12053981
The present application is based on, and claims priority from JP Application Serial Number 2020-165278, filed Sep. 30, 2020, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
The present disclosure relates to a driving circuit and a liquid ejecting apparatus.
Ink jet printers that include driving elements, such as piezoelectric elements, are known for printing images and documents by ejecting ink. Such piezoelectric elements are disposed so as to correspond to a plurality of nozzles in a head unit and are driven in accordance with driving signals. By this, a predetermined amount of ink (liquid) is ejected at a predetermined timing from the nozzles so as to form dots on a medium. The piezoelectric elements have a capacitive load electrically functioning as a capacitor, and therefore, a sufficient amount of current is required to be supplied to the piezoelectric elements to operate the piezoelectric elements of the nozzles. Therefore, the piezoelectric elements are driven by an amplification circuit amplifying a source signal to obtain a driving signal to be supplied to the head unit.
JP-A-2009-166349 discloses a driving circuit that outputs a driving signal and a liquid discharging apparatus including the driving circuit. The driving circuit includes a modulation circuit that modulates a base driving signal and a plurality of power amplification circuits that perform power amplification on a signal output from the modulation circuit.
However, the driving circuit disclosed in JP-A-2009-166349 has a room for improvement in terms of reduction of power consumption that is requested in recent years.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the driving circuit that outputs a driving signal for driving a driving section includes a modulation circuit configured to modulate a base driving signal that is a base of the driving signal and output a modulation signal, an amplification circuit configured to output, from a first output point, an amplified modulation signal obtained by amplifying the modulation signal, a level shift circuit configured to output, from a second output point, a level-shift amplified modulation signal obtained by shifting a potential of the amplified modulation signal, and a demodulation circuit configured to demodulate the level-shift amplified modulation signal and output the driving signal. The amplification circuit includes a first gate driver that outputs, based on the modulation signal, a first gate signal and a second gate signal, a first transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the first gate signal, and a second transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the second gate signal. The level shift circuit includes a second gate driver that outputs, based on the base driving signal, a third gate signal and a fourth gate signal, a third transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the third gate signal, a fourth transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end to which a power source voltage is supplied and that operates based on the fourth gate signal, and a capacitance element that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and the other end electrically coupled to the other end of the fourth transistor. The second gate driver outputs, when a potential of the base driving signal is lower than a predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be conductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be nonconductive, and when a potential of the base driving signal is higher than the predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be nonconductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be conductive.
According to an aspect of a present disclosure, the liquid ejecting apparatus includes an ejection portion configured to eject liquid, and a driving circuit configured to output a driving signal for driving the ejection portion. The driving circuit includes a modulation circuit configured to modulate a base driving signal that is a base of the driving signal and output a modulation signal, an amplification circuit configured to output, from a first output point, an amplified modulation signal obtained by amplifying the modulation signal, a level shift circuit configured to output, from a second output point, a level-shift amplified modulation signal obtained by shifting a potential of the amplified modulation signal, and a demodulation circuit configured to demodulate the level-shift amplified modulation signal and output the driving signal. The amplification circuit includes a first gate driver that outputs, based on the modulation signal, a first gate signal and a second gate signal, a first transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the first gate signal, and a second transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the second gate signal. The level shift circuit includes a second gate driver that outputs, based on the base driving signal, a third gate signal and a fourth gate signal, a third transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the third gate signal, a fourth transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end to which a power source voltage is supplied and that operates based on the fourth gate signal, and a capacitance element that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and the other end electrically coupled to the other end of the fourth transistor. The second gate driver outputs, when a potential of the base driving signal is lower than a predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be conductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be nonconductive, and when a potential of the base driving signal is higher than the predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be nonconductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be conductive.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are only used for sake of convenience of description. Note that the embodiments below do not unreasonably limit content of the present disclosure disclosed in the claims. It is not necessarily the case that all components described below are requirements of the present disclosure.
1.1 Outline of Liquid Ejecting Apparatus
The movement unit 3 includes a carriage motor 31 serving as a driving source of a movement of the movable body 2, a carriage guide shaft 32 having fixed opposite ends, and a timing belt 33 that extends substantially in parallel to the carriage guide shaft 32 and that is driven by the carriage motor 31.
The movable body 2 includes a carriage 24. The carriage 24 is supported by the carriage guide shaft 32 in a reciprocation available manner and fixed to a portion of the timing belt 33. Accordingly, the carriage motor 31 drives the timing belt 33 forward and backward so that the movable body 2 reciprocates while being guided by the carriage guide shaft 32. A head unit 20 is disposed in a portion of the movable body 2 that faces a medium P. A number of nozzles ejecting ink as liquid are located on the surface of the head unit 20 that faces the medium P. Then various control signals for controlling operations of the head unit 20 are supplied to the head unit 20 through a flexible cable 190.
The liquid ejecting apparatus 1 further includes a transport unit 4 that transports the medium P on a platen 40 in a transport direction. The transport unit 4 includes a transport motor 41 serving as a driving source of transport of the medium P and a transport roller 42 that is rotated by the transport motor 41 and that transports the medium P in the transport direction.
In the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 configured as described above, a desired image is formed on a surface of the medium P by ejecting ink on the medium P from the head unit 20 at a timing when the medium P is transported by the transport unit 4.
Next, a functional configuration of the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 will be described.
The control unit 10 includes a controller 100, a driving signal output circuit 50, and a power source circuit 70.
The power source circuit 70 generates voltages VHV, VMV, and VDD having predetermined voltage values using commercial AC power supplied from an outside of the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 and outputs the voltages VHV, VMV, and VDD to the corresponding components of the liquid ejecting apparatus 1. Here, in this embodiment, the voltage VHV is a direct current voltage of 42V, the voltage VMV is a direct current voltage of 21V, and the voltage VDD is a direct current voltage of 5V. Note that the power source circuit 70 may output signals of different voltage values instead of or in addition to the voltages VHV, VMV, and VDD. Furthermore, the power source circuit 70 may include an AC/DC converter that generates the voltage VHV using commercial AC power and a DC/DC converter that generates the voltages VMV and VDD using the voltage VHV.
Image data is supplied to the controller 100 from an external apparatus, not illustrated, installed outside the liquid ejecting apparatus 1, an example of the external apparatus being a host computer. Thereafter, the controller 100 performs various image processes on the supplied image data so as to generate various control signals for controlling the units included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 and output the control signals to the corresponding components.
Specifically, the controller 100 generates a control signal Ctrl1 for controlling the reciprocation of the movable body 2 performed by the movement unit 3 and outputs the generated control signal Ctrl1 to the carriage motor 31 included in the movement unit 3. Furthermore, the controller 100 generates a control signal Ctrl2 for controlling transport of the medium P performed by the transport unit 4 and outputs the generated control signal Ctrl2 to the transport motor 41 included in the transport unit 4. By this, the reciprocation of the movable body 2 in a main scanning direction and transport of the medium P in the transport direction are controlled so that the head unit 20 may eject ink to a desired position of the medium P. Note that the controller 100 may supply the control signal Ctrl1 to the movement unit 3 through a carriage motor driver not illustrated, or may supply the control signal Ctrl2 to the transport unit 4 through a transport motor driver not illustrated.
Furthermore, the controller 100 outputs base driving data dA to the driving signal output circuit 50. Here, the base driving data dA is a digital signal including data for specifying a waveform of a driving signal COM to be supplied to the head unit 20. Then the driving signal output circuit 50 converts the supplied base driving data dA into an analog signal before generating the driving signal COM by amplifying the converted signal and supplying the driving signal COM to the head unit 20. Note that a configuration and operation of the driving signal output circuit 50 will be described hereinafter in detail.
Furthermore, the controller 100 generates a driving data signal DATA for controlling an operation of the head unit 20 and outputs the driving data signal DATA to the head unit 20. The head unit 20 includes a selection controller 210, a plurality of selection sections 230, and an ejection head 21. Furthermore, the ejection head 21 includes a plurality of ejection portions 600 including corresponding piezoelectric elements 60. Here, the plurality of selection sections 230 are disposed so as to correspond to the respective piezoelectric elements 60 included in the corresponding ejecting portions 600 included in the ejection head 21.
The driving data signal DATA is input to the selection controller 210. The selection controller 210 generates selection control signals indicating whether the driving signal COM is to be selected or not to be selected for the respective selection sections 230 based on the supplied driving data signal DATA and outputs the generated selection control signals to the respective selection sections 230. Each of the plurality of selection sections 230 selects or does not select the driving signal COM as a driving signal VOUT based on the supplied selection control signal. By this, each of the selection sections 230 generates a driving signal VOUT based on the driving signal COM and supplies the driving signal VOUT to one end of a corresponding one of the piezoelectric elements 60 included in the corresponding ejection portions 600 included in the ejection head 21. Furthermore, a reference voltage signal VBS serving as a reference for driving the piezoelectric element 60 is supplied to the other end of the piezoelectric element 60. Note that the reference voltage signal VBS may be a signal having a DC voltage of 5V or having a ground potential.
The piezoelectric elements 60 are disposed so as to correspond to a plurality of nozzles included in the head unit 20. Then each of the piezoelectric elements 60 is driven in accordance with a potential difference between the driving signal VOUT supplied to the one end and the reference voltage signal VBS supplied to the other end so that ink is ejected from a corresponding one of the nozzles.
Note that, although the head unit 20 has the one ejection head 21 in
1.2 Configuration of Ejection Portions
As illustrated in
Here, an example of a configuration of the ejection portions 600 will be described.
The vibration plate 621 is displaced by driving of the piezoelectric element 60 disposed on an upper surface thereof as illustrated in
The piezoelectric element 60 is configured such that a piezoelectric body 601 is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes 611 and 612. In the piezoelectric element 60 configured as described above, center portions of the electrodes 611 and 612 bend in an up-down direction with the vibration plate 621 in accordance with a potential difference between voltages supplied from the electrodes 611 and 612. Specifically, a driving signal VOUT is supplied to the electrode 611 of the piezoelectric element 60 and a signal of a reference potential is supplied to the electrode 612 of the piezoelectric element 60. When a voltage level of the driving signal VOUT supplied to the electrode 611 is lowered, a corresponding one of the piezoelectric elements 60 bends upward whereas when the voltage level of the driving signal VOUT supplied to the electrode 611 is increased, a corresponding piezoelectric element 60 bends downward.
In the ejection portion 600 configured as described above, when the piezoelectric element 60 bends upward, the vibration plate 621 is displaced upward and the internal volume of the cavity 631 is increased. By this, the ink is drawn from the reservoir 641. On the other hand, when the piezoelectric element 60 bends downward, the vibration plate 621 is displaced downward and the internal volume of the cavity 631 is reduced. By this, an amount of ink corresponding to a degree of the reduction is ejected from the nozzle 651. Note that the configuration of the piezoelectric element 60 is not limited to that illustrated in
Here, each of the ejection portions 600 including the piezoelectric elements 60 is an example of a driving section, and the driving signal COM serving as a base of the driving signal VOUT for driving the driving section is an example of a driving signal. The driving signal output circuit 50 that outputs the driving signal COM for driving the ejection portions 600 is an example of a driving circuit. Note that, since the driving signal VOUT is generated when the driving signal COM is selected or not selected, the driving signal VOUT is also an example of the driving signal in a broad sense.
1.3 Configuration of Driving Signal Output Circuit
As described above, the piezoelectric elements 60 is driven, by the driving signal VOUT based on the driving signal COM generated by the driving signal output circuit 50, for ejection of ink performed by the ejection portions 600 included in the head unit 20. A configuration and operation of the driving signal output circuit 50 that generates the driving signal COM that is a base of the driving signal VOUT will be described.
1.3.1 Voltage Waveform of Driving Signal COM
An example of a waveform of the driving signal COM generated by the driving signal output circuit 50 will now be described.
Here, the voltage Vc functions as a reference potential serving as a reference of the displacement of the piezoelectric element 60 driven by the driving signal COM. The piezoelectric element 60 bends upward in
1.3.2 Configuration of Driving Signal Output Circuit
A configuration of the driving signal output circuit 50 that generates and outputs the driving signal COM will now be described.
The controller 100 supplies base driving data dA that is a digital signal to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 performs digital-analog conversion on the supplied base driving data dA, and thereafter, outputs the converted analog signal as a base driving signal aA. Specifically, the base driving signal output circuit 510 includes a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter. A voltage amplitude of the base driving signal aA is 1 to 2 V, for example, and the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs the amplified base driving signal aA as the driving signal COM. Specifically, the base driving signal aA corresponds to a target signal before the amplification of the driving signal COM.
The base driving signal aA is supplied to a positive input terminal of the adder 511, and a feedback signal Sfb of the driving signal COM is supplied through the feedback circuit 540 to a negative input terminal of the adder 511. Then the adder 511 outputs a voltage obtained by subtracting a voltage input to the negative input terminal from a voltage input to the positive input terminal and integrating a result thereof to the pulse modulation circuit 530.
The pulse modulation circuit 530 performs pulse modulation on the signal supplied from the adder 511 and outputs the modulated signal to the switch 531. Specifically, the pulse modulation circuit 530 modulates the base driving signal aA serving as a base of the driving signal COM so as to output a modulated signal Ms.
The fixed output switching circuit 520 includes a switching circuit 521 and a fixed pulse output circuit 522. The base driving signal aA is supplied to the fixed pulse output circuit 522. Then the fixed pulse output circuit 522 generates a pulse signal PDC of a predetermined duty corresponding to a potential of the input base driving signal aA and outputs the pulse signal PDC to the switch 531. Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is supplied to the switching circuit 521. Then the switching circuit 521 outputs a switch signal Sel for controlling the switch 531 based on a potential of the input base driving signal aA. Specifically, the switching circuit 521 outputs the switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to output the modulated signal Ms as a base gate signal Gd from an output terminal in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed. Furthermore, the switching circuit 521 outputs the switch signal Sel used by the switch 531 to output the pulse signal PDC as the base gate signal Gd from the output terminal in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is changed.
The modulation signal Ms is supplied to one input terminal of the switch 531 and the pulse signal PDC is supplied to the other input terminal of the switch 531. Then the switch 531 selects the modulation signal Ms to be output as the base gate signal Gd from the output terminal or the pulse signal PDC to be output as the base gate signal Gd from the output terminal, based on the switch signal Sel output from the switching circuit 521. The base gate signal Gd output from the switch 531 is supplied to the digital amplification circuit 550.
The digital amplification circuit 550 includes a gate driver 551, a diode D1, a capacitor C1, and transistors Q1 and Q2. The digital amplification circuit 550 outputs an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd from a midpoint CP1.
Specifically, the base gate signal Gd is supplied to the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550. The gate driver 551 outputs a gate signal Hgs1 for driving the transistor Q1 and a gate signal Lgs1 for driving the transistor Q2 based on a logical level of the supplied base gate signal Gd.
The transistors Q1 and Q2 are configured by an N-channel MOS-FET. The gate signal Hgs1 output from the gate driver 551 is supplied to a gate terminal of the transistor Q1. Furthermore, a voltage VMV is supplied to a drain terminal of the transistor Q1, and a source terminal of the transistor Q1 is coupled to the midpoint CP1. Specifically, the transistor Q1 has the source terminal serving as one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP1 and operates based on the gate signal Hgs1. Furthermore, the gate signal Hgs2 output from the gate driver 551 is supplied to a gate terminal of the transistor Q2. Furthermore, a drain terminal of the transistor Q2 is coupled to the midpoint CP1, and a ground potential GND is supplied to a source terminal of the transistor Q2. Specifically, the transistor Q2 has the drain terminal serving as one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP1 and operates based on the gate signal Lgs1. Then the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs a signal generated at the midpoint CP1 where the transistors Q1 and Q2 are coupled to each other as the amplified modulation signal AMs1.
Here, an operation of the gate driver 551 that outputs the gate signals Hgs1 and Lgs1 will be described. The gate driver 551 includes gate drive circuits 552 and 553 and an inverter circuit 554. Then the base gate signal Gd supplied to the gate driver 551 is further supplied to the gate drive circuit 552 and also supplied to the gate drive circuit 553 through the inverter circuit 554. Specifically, the signal supplied to the gate drive circuit 552 and the signal supplied to the gate drive circuit 553 are exclusively in a high level. Here, the signal exclusively in a high level means that signals in a high level are not simultaneously supplied to the gate drive circuits 552 and 553. Specifically, a state in which signals in a low level are simultaneously supplied to the gate drive circuits 552 and 553 is not excluded.
A low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 552 is coupled to the midpoint CP1. Accordingly, a signal of a potential in the midpoint CP1 is supplied as a voltage HVss1 to the low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 552. Furthermore, a high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 552 is coupled to a cathode terminal of the diode D1 having an anode terminal to which a voltage Vg is supplied and also coupled to one end of the capacitor C1. The other end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the midpoint CP1. Specifically, a bootstrap circuit including the capacitor C1 functioning as a bootstrap capacitor is configured at the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 552. Therefore, a voltage HVdd1 having a potential larger by the voltage Vg than a voltage HVss1 supplied to the low-potential-side input terminal is supplied to the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 552. Accordingly, when the base gate signal Gd in a high level is supplied to the gate drive circuit 552, the gate drive circuit 552 outputs a gate signal Hgs1 in a high level having a potential based on a voltage HVdd1 that is larger by a voltage Vg than the potential of the midpoint CP1, whereas when the base gate signal Gd in a low level is supplied to the gate drive circuit 552, the gate drive circuit 552 outputs a gate signal Hgs1 in a low level of a potential based on the voltage HVss1 that is a potential of the midpoint CP1. Note that the voltage Vg is a DC voltage generated by dropping or rising the voltages VHV, VMV, and VDD output from the power source circuit 70 and is a voltage value enabling driving of each of the transistors Q1 to Q4, that is, a DC voltage of 7.5 V, for example.
A signal of the ground potential GND is supplied as a voltage LVss1 to the low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 553. Furthermore, the voltage Vg is supplied as a voltage LVdd1 to the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 553. Accordingly, when a signal in a high level obtained by inverting a logic of the base gate signal Gd in a low level by the inverter circuit 554 is supplied to the gate drive circuit 553, the gate drive circuit 553 outputs a gate signal Lgs1 in a high level having a potential based on the voltage LVdd1 corresponding to the voltage Vg, whereas when a signal in a low level obtained by inverting a logic of the base gate signal Gd in a high level by the inverter circuit 554 is supplied to the gate drive circuit 553, the gate drive circuit 553 outputs a gate signal Lgs1 in a low level of a potential based on the voltage LVss1 that is the ground potential GND.
The level shift circuit 560 includes a reference level switching circuit 561, a gate driver 592, diodes D2 to D4, capacitors C2 to C4, and transistors Q3 and Q4. Furthermore, the level shift circuit 560 outputs the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 obtained by shifting the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 from the midpoint CP2.
Specifically, the base driving signal aA is supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560 from the base driving signal output circuit 510. The reference level switching circuit 561 generates the level switching signal Ls based on the base driving signal aA and outputs the generated level switching signal Ls to the gate driver 562. Specifically, the reference level switching circuit 561 generates, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is equal to or larger than a threshold voltage Vth1 of a certain potential, the level switching signal Ls in a high level to be output to the gate driver 562 and generates, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is smaller than the threshold voltage Vth1, the level switching signal Ls in a low level to be output to the gate driver 562.
The gate driver 562 outputs a gate signal Hgs2 for driving the transistor Q3 and a gate signal Lgs2 for driving the transistor Q4 based on a logical level of the supplied level switching signal Ls.
The transistors Q3 and Q4 are configured by an N-channel MOS-FET. The gate signal Hgs2 output from the gate driver 562 is supplied to a gate terminal of the transistor Q3. Furthermore, a drain terminal of the transistor Q3 is coupled to a cathode terminal of the diode D4 having an anode terminal to which the voltage VMV is supplied, and a source terminal of the transistor Q3 is coupled to a midpoint CP2. Specifically, the transistor Q3 has the source terminal serving as one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP2 and the drain terminal serving as the other end to which the voltage VMV is supplied through the diode D4, and operates based on the gate signal Hgs2. Furthermore, the gate signal Lgs2 output from the gate driver 572 is supplied to a gate terminal of the transistor Q4. Furthermore, a drain terminal of the transistor Q4 is coupled to the midpoint CP2, and a source terminal of the transistor Q4 is coupled to the midpoint CP1. Specifically, the transistor Q4 has the drain terminal serving as one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP2 and the source terminal serving as the other end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP1, and operates based on the gate signal Lgs2. Then the level shift circuit 560 outputs a signal generated at the midpoint CP2 where the transistors Q3 and Q4 are coupled to each other as the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2.
Furthermore, the capacitor C4 has one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP1 and the other end electrically coupled to a drain terminal of the transistor Q3. Specifically, the capacitor C4 functions as a bootstrap capacitor. Accordingly, a potential of the drain terminal of the transistor Q3 is specified based on a potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output from the digital amplification circuit 550.
Here, an operation of the gate driver 562 that outputs the gate signals Hgs2 and Lgs2 will be described. The gate driver 562 includes gate drive circuits 563 and 564 and an inverter circuit 565. Then the level switching signal Ls that is supplied to the gate driver 562 and that is based on the base driving signal aA is further supplied to the gate drive circuit 563 and also supplied to the gate drive circuit 564 through the inverter circuit 565. Specifically, the signal supplied to the gate drive circuit 563 and the signal supplied to the gate drive circuit 564 are exclusively in a high level. Here, the signal exclusively in a high level means that signals in a high level are not simultaneously supplied to the gate drive circuits 563 and 564. Specifically, a state in which signals in a low level are simultaneously supplied to the gate drive circuits 563 and 564 is not excluded.
A low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 563 is coupled to the midpoint CP2. Accordingly, a signal of a potential in the midpoint CP2 is supplied as a voltage HVss2 to the low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 563. Furthermore, a high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 563 is coupled to a cathode terminal of the diode D2 having an anode terminal to which a voltage Vg is supplied and also coupled to one end of the capacitor C2. The other end of the capacitor C2 is coupled to the midpoint CP2. Specifically, a bootstrap circuit including the capacitor C2 functioning as a bootstrap capacitor is configured at the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 563. Therefore, a voltage HVdd2 having a potential larger by the voltage Vg than a voltage LVss2 supplied to the low-potential-side input terminal is supplied to the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 563. Accordingly, when the level switching signal Ls in a high level is supplied to the gate drive circuit 563, the gate drive circuit 563 outputs a gate signal Hgs2 in a high level having a potential based on the voltage HVdd2 that is larger by the voltage Vg than the potential of the midpoint CP2, whereas when the level switching signal Ls in a low level is supplied to the gate drive circuit 563, the gate drive circuit 563 outputs a gate signal Hgs2 in a low level of a potential based on the voltage HVss2 that is a potential of the midpoint CP2.
A low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 564 is coupled to the midpoint CP1. Accordingly, a signal of a potential of the midpoint CP1 is supplied as a voltage LVss2 to the low-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 564. Furthermore, a high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 564 is coupled to a cathode terminal of the diode D3 having an anode terminal to which a voltage Vg is supplied and also coupled to one end of the capacitor C3. The other end of the capacitor C3 is coupled to the midpoint CP1. Specifically, a bootstrap circuit including the capacitor C3 functioning as a bootstrap capacitor is configured at the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 564. Therefore, a voltage LVdd2 having a potential larger by the voltage Vg than the voltage LVss2 supplied to the low-potential-side input terminal is supplied to the high-potential-side input terminal of the gate drive circuit 564. Accordingly, when a signal in a high level obtained by inverting a logic of the level switching signal Ls in a low level by the inverter circuit 565 is supplied to the gate drive circuit 564, the gate drive circuit 564 outputs a gate signal Lgs2 in a high level having a potential based on the voltage LVdd2 that is larger by the voltage Vg than the potential of the midpoint CP1, whereas when a signal in a low level obtained by inverting a logic of the level switching signal Ls in a high level by the inverter circuit 565 is supplied to the gate drive circuit 564, the gate drive circuit 563 outputs a gate signal Lgs2 in a low level of a potential based on the voltage LVss2 that is a potential of the midpoint CP1.
The demodulation circuit 580 outputs the driving signal COM that has been demodulated by smoothing the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs1 output from the level shift circuit 560. The demodulation circuit 580 includes an inductor L1 and a capacitor C5. The inductor L1 has one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP2 and the other end electrically coupled to one end of the capacitor C5. The ground potential GND is supplied to the other end of the capacitor C5. Specifically, the inductor L1 and the capacitor C5 configure a low-pass filter circuit. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the level shift circuit 560 is smoothed, and a smoothed voltage is output as the driving signal COM from the driving signal output circuit 50.
The feedback circuit 540 is electrically coupled to the pulse modulation circuit 530 and the demodulation circuit 580 and supplies a feedback signal Sfb obtained by attenuating the driving signal COM generated by the demodulation circuit 580 to the adder 511. Specifically, the driving signal output circuit 50 includes the feedback circuit 540 that is electrically coupled to the pulse modulation circuit 530 and the demodulation circuit 580 and that outputs the feedback signal Sfb based on the driving signal COM. Accordingly, the driving signal COM output from the demodulation circuit 580 is fed back to the pulse modulation circuit 530, and as a result, accuracy of the driving signal COM is improved.
Here, the pulse modulation circuit 530 is an example of a modulation circuit. Furthermore, the digital amplification circuit 550 is an example of an amplification circuit, and the midpoint CP1 that outputs the amplified modulation signal AMs1 from the digital amplification circuit 550 is an example of a first output point. Furthermore, the midpoint CP2 that outputs the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 from the level shift circuit 560 is an example of a second output point. Moreover, the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 is an example of a first gate driver, the gate signal Lgs1 output from the gate driver 551 is an example of a first gate signal, and the gate signal Hgs1 output from the gate driver 551 is an example of a second gate signal. The transistor Q2 that operates based on the gate signal Lgs1 is an example of a first transistor, and the transistor Q1 that operates based on the gate signal Hgs1 is an example of a second transistor. Moreover, the gate driver 562 included in the level shift circuit 560 is an example of a second gate driver, the gate signal Lgs2 output from the gate driver 562 is an example of a third gate signal, and the gate signal Hgs2 output from the gate driver 562 is an example of a fourth gate signal. The transistor Q4 that operates based on the gate signal Lgs2 is an example of a third transistor, and the transistor Q3 that operates based on the gate signal Hgs2 is an example of a fourth transistor. The capacitor C4 having one end electrically coupled to the midpoint CP1 and the other end electrically coupled to the transistor Q3 is an example of a capacitance element.
1.3.3 Operation of Driving Signal Output Circuit
An operation of generating the driving signal COM performed by the driving signal output circuit 50 configured as described above will be described.
Here, it is assumed in
Furthermore, it is assumed that the fixed pulse output circuit 522 outputs a pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of first Duty when a potential of the base driving signal aA is smaller than a threshold voltage Vth2, outputs a pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of second Duty when a potential of the base driving signal aA is in a range between the threshold voltage Vth2 and a threshold voltage Vth3, and outputs a pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of third Duty when a potential of the base driving signal aA is larger than the threshold voltage Vth3. Here, it is assumed that a potential of the threshold voltage Vth2 is lower than a voltage aVc obtained before the voltage Vc is amplified and higher than a voltage aVb obtained before the voltage Vb is amplified. Furthermore, it is assumed that a potential of the threshold voltage Vth3 is higher than the voltage aVc obtained before the voltage Vc is amplified and lower than a voltage aVt obtained before the voltage Vt is amplified. Specifically, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 outputs a pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the first Duty in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA that is a base of the driving signal COM is fixed to the voltage aVb, outputs a pulse signal PDC having a pulse width of the second Duty in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed to the voltage aVc, and outputs a pulse signal PDC having a pulse width of the third Duty in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA that is a base of the driving signal COM is fixed to the voltage aVt.
As illustrated in
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is fixed to the voltage aVc in the period from the time point t0 to the time point t10, the switching circuit 521 outputs a switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the pulse signal PDC as a base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the second Duty output from the fixed pulse output circuit 522 is supplied as the base gate signal Gd to the digital amplification circuit 550. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the supplied base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In the period from the time point t0 to the time point t10, since a potential of the base driving signal aA is lower than the threshold voltage Vth1, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a low level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be conductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 equivalent to the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is supplied to the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that the driving signal COM constantly having the voltage Vc is output from the driving signal output circuit 50.
In a period from the time point t10 to a time point t20, the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vc to the voltage Vb. Specifically, in the period from the time point t10 to the time point t20, the base driving data dA for generating the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vc to the voltage Vb is supplied to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 generates a base driving signal aA having a voltage value changed from the voltage aVc to the voltage aVb based on the supplied base driving data dA. The base driving signal aA generated by the base driving signal output circuit 510 is supplied to the pulse modulation circuit 530 through the adder 511, and in addition, supplied to the switching circuit 521 and the fixed pulse output circuit 522 included in the fixed output switching circuit 520.
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is changed in the period from the time point t10 to the time point t20, the switching circuit 521 outputs a switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the modulation signal Ms as the base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the modulation signal Ms output from the pulse modulation circuit 530 is supplied as the base gate signal Gd to the digital amplification circuit 550. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the supplied base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In the period from the time point t10 to the time point t20, since a potential of the base driving signal aA is lower than the threshold voltage Vth1, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a low level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be conductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 equivalent to the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is supplied to the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that a driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vc to the voltage Vb is output from the driving signal output circuit 50.
Furthermore, in the period from the time point t10 to the time point t20, since a voltage value of the base driving signal aA is changed from the voltage aVc to the voltage aVb, and therefore, becomes lower than the threshold voltage Vth2, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 changes a pulse width of the output pulse signal PDC to the first Duty.
In a period from the time point t20 to a time point t30, the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs a driving signal COM constantly having a voltage value of the voltage Vb. Specifically, in the period from the time point t20 to the time point t30, the base driving data dA for generating a driving signal COM constantly having a voltage value of the voltage Vb is supplied to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 generates a base driving signal aA constantly having the voltage aVb based on the supplied base driving data dA. The base driving signal aA generated by the base driving signal output circuit 510 is supplied to the pulse modulation circuit 530 through the adder 511, and in addition, supplied to the switching circuit 521 and the fixed pulse output circuit 522 included in the fixed output switching circuit 520.
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is fixed to the voltage aVb in the period from the time point t20 to the time point t30, the switching circuit 521 outputs a switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the pulse signal PDC as a base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the first Duty output from the fixed pulse output circuit 522 is supplied to the digital amplification circuit 550 as the base gate signal Gd. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the supplied base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In the period from the time point t20 to the time point t30, since a potential of the base driving signal aA is lower than the threshold voltage Vth1, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a low level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be conductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 equivalent to the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is supplied to the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that the driving signal COM constantly having the voltage Vb is output from the driving signal output circuit 50.
In a period from the time point t30 to a time point t40, the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs a driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vb to the voltage Vt. Specifically, in the period from the time point t30 to the time point t40, the base driving data dA for generating the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vb to the voltage Vt is supplied to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 generates a base driving signal aA having a voltage value changed from a voltage aVb to a voltage aVt based on the supplied base driving data dA. The base driving signal aA generated by the base driving signal output circuit 510 is supplied to the pulse modulation circuit 530 through the adder 511, and in addition, supplied to the switching circuit 521 and the fixed pulse output circuit 522 included in the fixed output switching circuit 520.
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is changed in the period from the time point t30 to the time point t40, the switching circuit 521 outputs the switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the modulation signal Ms as the base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the modulation signal Ms output from the pulse modulation circuit 530 is supplied as the base gate signal Gd to the digital amplification circuit 550. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In a period from the time point t30 to a time point tc1 in which a voltage value of the base driving signal aA is smaller than the threshold voltage Vth1 in the period from the time point t30 to the time point t40, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a low level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be conductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 equivalent to the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is supplied to the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560.
Furthermore, in a period from the time point tc1 to the time point t40 in which the voltage value of the base driving signal aA is larger than the threshold voltage Vth1 in the period from the time point t30 to the time point t40, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a high level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be conductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be nonconductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 obtained when a bootstrap circuit including the capacitor C3 performs level shift, to the voltage VMV, on the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is output to the midpoint CP2 the level shift circuit 560. Specifically, the level shift circuit 560 switches the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 between the first potential that is the ground potential GND and the second potential that is the voltage VMV.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vb to the voltage Vt is output from the driving signal output circuit 50.
Furthermore, in the period from the time point t30 to the time point t40, in the course of the change of the voltage value of the base driving signal aA from the voltage aVb to the voltage aVt, the voltage value of the base driving signal aA becomes larger than the threshold voltage Vth2. Accordingly, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 changes a pulse width of the pulse signal PDC to be output to the second Duty. Thereafter, the voltage value of the base driving signal aA exceeds the threshold voltage Vth3. Accordingly, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 changes a pulse width of the pulse signal PDC to be output to the third Duty. Specifically, in the period from the time point t30 to the time point t40, in course of a change of the voltage value of the base driving signal aA from the voltage aVb to the voltage aVt, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 changes a pulse width of the output pulse signal PDC to be output from the first Duty to the third Duty
In a period from the time point t40 to a time point t50, the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs the driving signal COM constantly having a voltage value of the voltage Vt. Specifically, in the period from the time point t40 to the time point t50, the base driving data dA for generating the driving signal COM constantly having a voltage value of the voltage Vt is supplied to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 generates a base driving signal aA constantly having the voltage aVt based on the supplied base driving data dA. The base driving signal aA generated by the base driving signal output circuit 510 is supplied to the pulse modulation circuit 530 through the adder 511, and in addition, supplied to the switching circuit 521 and the fixed pulse output circuit 522 included in the fixed output switching circuit 520.
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is constant in the period from the time point t40 to the time point t50, the switching circuit 521 outputs a switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the pulse signal PDC as the base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the third Duty output from the fixed pulse output circuit 522 is supplied to the digital amplification circuit 550 as the base gate signal Gd. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the supplied base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In the period from the time point t40 to the time point t50, since a potential of the base driving signal aA is higher than the threshold voltage Vth1, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a high level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be conductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be nonconductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 obtained when a bootstrap circuit including the capacitor C3 performs level shift, to the voltage VMV, on the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is output to the midpoint CP2 the level shift circuit 560. Specifically, the level shift circuit 560 switches the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 between the first potential that is the ground potential GND and the second potential that is the voltage VMV.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that the driving signal COM constantly having the voltage Vt is output from the driving signal output circuit 50.
In a period from the time point t50 to a time point t60, the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vt to the voltage Vc. Specifically, in the period from the time point t50 to the time point t60, the base driving data dA for generating the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vt to the voltage Vc is supplied to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 generates the base driving signal aA constantly having a voltage value changed from the voltage aVt to a voltage aVc based on the supplied base driving data dA. The base driving signal aA generated by the base driving signal output circuit 510 is supplied to the pulse modulation circuit 530 through the adder 511, and in addition, supplied to the switching circuit 521 and the fixed pulse output circuit 522 included in the fixed output switching circuit 520.
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is changed in the period from the time point t50 to the time point t60, the switching circuit 521 outputs the switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the modulation signal Ms as the base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the modulation signal Ms output from the pulse modulation circuit 530 is supplied as the base gate signal Gd to the digital amplification circuit 550. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In a period from the time point t50 to a time point tc2 in which the voltage value of the base driving signal aA is larger than the threshold voltage Vth1 in the period from the time point t50 to the time point t60, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a high level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be conductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be nonconductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 obtained when a bootstrap circuit including the capacitor C3 performs level shift, to the voltage VMV, on the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is output to the midpoint CP2 the level shift circuit 560. Specifically, the level shift circuit 560 switches the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 between the first potential that is the ground potential GND and the second potential that is the voltage VMV.
Furthermore, in a period from the time point tc2 to the time point t60 in which a voltage value of the base driving signal aA is smaller than the threshold voltage Vth1 in the period from the time point t50 to the time point t60, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a low level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be conductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 equivalent to the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is supplied to the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that the driving signal COM having a voltage value changed from the voltage Vt to the voltage Vc is output from the driving signal output circuit 50.
Furthermore, in the period from the time point t50 to the time point t60, since a voltage value of the base driving signal aA is changed from the voltage aVt to the voltage aVc and a voltage value of the base driving signal aA becomes lower than the threshold voltage Vth3, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 changes a pulse width of the output pulse signal PDC to the second Duty.
In a period from the time point t60 to a time point t70, the driving signal output circuit 50 outputs the driving signal COM constantly having a voltage value of the voltage Vc. Specifically, in the period from the time point t60 to the time point t70, the base driving data dA for generating the driving signal COM constantly having a voltage value of the voltage Vc is supplied to the base driving signal output circuit 510. The base driving signal output circuit 510 generates a base driving signal aA constantly having a voltage aVc based on the supplied base driving data dA. The base driving signal aA generated by the base driving signal output circuit 510 is supplied to the pulse modulation circuit 530 through the adder 511, and in addition, supplied to the switching circuit 521 and the fixed pulse output circuit 522 included in the fixed output switching circuit 520.
Furthermore, since the voltage value of the supplied base driving signal aA is constant in the period from the time point t60 to the time point t70, the switching circuit 521 outputs the switch signal Sel to be used by the switch 531 to select the pulse signal PDC as the base gate signal Gd. Consequently, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the second Duty output from the fixed pulse output circuit 522 is supplied as the base gate signal Gd to the digital amplification circuit 550. Then the gate driver 551 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs the gate signal Hgs1 corresponding to a logical level of the supplied base gate signal Gd and the gate signal Lgs1 corresponding to a signal obtained by inverting the logical level of the base gate signal Gd, so as to output an amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying the base gate signal Gd based on the voltage VMV to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550.
Furthermore, the base driving signal aA is also supplied to the reference level switching circuit 561 included in the level shift circuit 560. In the period from the time point t60 to the time point t70, since a potential of the base driving signal aA is lower than the threshold voltage Vth1, the reference level switching circuit 561 outputs the level switching signal Ls in a low level to the gate driver 562. Accordingly, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Hgs2 in a low level to the transistor Q3 and the gate signal Lgs2 in a high level to the transistor Q4. As a result, the transistor Q3 is controlled to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 is controlled to be conductive. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 equivalent to the amplified modulation signal AMs1 output to the midpoint CP1 of the digital amplification circuit 550 is supplied to the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560.
Thereafter, the demodulation circuit 580 smooths and demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 output from the midpoint CP2 of the level shift circuit 560 so that the driving signal COM constantly having the voltage Vc is output from the driving signal output circuit 50. The time point t70 corresponds to the time point t0 in
As described above, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is smaller than the threshold voltage Vth1 having a predetermined potential, the driving signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 of this embodiment controls the transistor Q4 to be conductive and the transistor Q3 to be nonconductive. In other words, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is smaller than the threshold voltage Vth1 having a predetermined potential, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Lgs2 for controlling the transistor Q4 to be conductive and the gate signal Hgs2 for controlling the transistor Q3 to be nonconductive. On the other hand, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is larger than the threshold voltage Vth1 having a predetermined potential, the gate driver 562 controls the transistor Q4 to be nonconductive and the transistor Q3 to be conductive. In other words, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is larger than the threshold voltage Vth1 having a predetermined potential, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Lgs2 for controlling the transistor Q4 to be nonconductive and the gate signal Hgs2 for controlling the transistor Q3 to be conductive.
In the driving signal output circuit 50 configured as described above, a determination as to whether the potential of the driving signal COM is equal to or larger than the predetermined potential is made based on the potential of the base driving signal aA. When the potential of the driving signal COM is equal to or smaller than the predetermined potential, the driving signal output circuit 50 generates the driving signal COM by demodulating the amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying, based on the voltage VMV, the modulation signal Ms obtained when the digital amplification circuit 550 performs pulse modulation on the base driving signal aA, whereas when the potential of the driving signal COM is equal to or larger than the predetermined potential, the driving signal output circuit 50 generates the driving signal COM by demodulating the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 obtained when the level shift circuit 560 performs level shift, by the voltage VMV, on the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 obtained by amplifying, based on the voltage VMV, the modulation signal Ms obtained by performing the pulse modulation on the base driving signal aA. Specifically, the driving signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment generates and outputs the driving signal COM having a largest potential larger than the voltage VMV by performing amplification and level shift on the base driving signal aA using the voltage VMV.
In the driving-signal output circuit 50 of this embodiment configured as described above, the level shift circuit 560 changes the reference potential of the amplified modulation signal AMs1 and generates the driving signal. Therefore, the potential of the voltage VMV may be reduced in the digital amplification circuit 550, and accordingly, voltage resistance of the transistors Q1 and Q2 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 and the transistors Q3 and Q4 included in the level shift circuit 560 may be reduced. Consequently, small on-resistances of the transistors Q1 to Q4 may be attained, and accordingly, power loss that occurs in the transistors Q1 to Q4 may be reduced. Accordingly, power consumption of the driving-signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Furthermore, the driving-signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment generates the driving signal COM when the demodulation circuit 580 demodulates the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 generated by amplification and the level shift performed on the base driving signal aA using the voltage VMV. The level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 supplied to the demodulation circuit 580 has voltage amplitude specified by the voltage VMV. Therefore, current caused by the voltage VMV is supplied to the inductor L1, and consequently, a largest value of the current supplied to the inductor L1 may be reduced. Accordingly, the power loss caused in the inductor L1 may be reduced, and as a result, power consumption of the driving-signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Furthermore, in the driving-signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment, the level shift circuit 560 controls the transistor Q3 to be conductive and the transistor Q4 to be nonconductive when the potential of the driving signal COM is equal to or larger than the predetermined potential, and controls the transistor Q3 to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 to be conductive when the potential of the driving signal COM is smaller than the predetermined potential. Therefore, the number of times the transistors Q3 and Q4 included in the level shift circuit 560 are switched may be considerably reduced when compared with the number of times the transistors Q1 and Q2 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 are switched. Accordingly, switching loss caused in the transistors Q3 and Q4 included in the level shift circuit 560 may be reduced, and consequently, the power consumption of the driving signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
As described above, the driving signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment may reduce the power loss caused in the transistors Q1 to Q4 and the inductor L1, and as a result, the power consumption of the driving-signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Furthermore, in the driving-signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment illustrated in
To address this problem, in the driving-signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment, a base gate signal Gd having a fixed pulse width Duty is input to the digital amplification circuit 550 in a period of time in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed In other words, the driving-signal output circuit 50 includes the fixed output switching circuit 520 that fixes operations of the transistors Q1 and Q2 in the fixed Duty in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal is fixed.
Specifically, the fixed output switching circuit 520 supplies, in a period of time from the time point t0 to the time point t10 and a period of time from the time point t60 to the time point t70, in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the second Duty to the digital amplification circuit 550, supplies, in a period of time from the time point t20 to the time point t30 in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vb, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the first Duty to the digital amplification circuit 550, and supplies, in a period of time from the time point t40 to the time point t50 in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vt, the pulse signal PDC constantly having a pulse width of the third Duty to the digital amplification circuit 550.
As described above, in a period of time in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed, operations of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are fixed in a certain Duty so that the digital amplification circuit 550 may fix the potential of the driving signal COM irrespective of the feedback signal Sfb based on the driving signal COM fed back through the feedback circuit 540, and consequently, signal accuracy of the driving signal COM may be improved.
Here, the fixed output switching circuit 520 that fixes the operations of the transistors Q1 and Q2 in the certain Duty is an example of a conductive state fixing circuit.
1.4 Effects
As described above, in the driving signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment, when the potential of the base driving signal aA is lower than the threshold voltage Vth that is a predetermined potential, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Lgs2 for controlling the transistor Q4 to be conductive and the gate signal Hgs2 for controlling the transistor Q3 to be nonconductive, whereas when the potential of the base driving signal aA is higher than the threshold voltage Vth1 that is the predetermined potential, the gate driver 562 outputs the gate signal Lgs2 for controlling the transistor Q4 to be nonconductive and the gate signal Hgs2 for controlling the transistor Q3 to be conductive. Consequently, the driving signal output circuit 50 generates and outputs the driving signal COM having a largest potential larger than the voltage VMV. Accordingly, in the driving signal output circuit 50, the digital amplification circuit 550 may reduce the potential of the voltage VMV, and therefore, voltage resistance of the transistors Q1 and Q2 included in the digital amplification circuit 550 and the transistors Q3 and Q4 included in the level shift circuit 560 may be reduced. Consequently, small on-resistances of the transistors Q1 to Q4 may be attained, and accordingly, power loss that occurs in the transistors Q1 to Q4 and power consumption of the driving signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Furthermore, when the driving signal output circuit 50 of this embodiment generates and outputs the driving signal COM having a largest potential larger than the voltage VMV, voltage amplitude of the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 supplied to the demodulation circuit 580 for demodulating the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 is also specified by the voltage VMV. Consequently, the largest value of the current supplied to the inductor L1 may be reduced, the power loss caused in the inductor L1 may be reduced, and power consumption of the driving-signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Furthermore, in the driving-signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment, since the level shift circuit 560 controls the transistor Q3 to be conductive and the transistor Q4 to be nonconductive when the potential of the driving signal COM is equal to or larger than the predetermined potential, and controls the transistor Q3 to be nonconductive and the transistor Q4 to be conductive when the potential of the driving signal COM is smaller than the predetermined potential, the number times the transistors Q3 and Q4 included in the level shift circuit 560 are switched may be reduced. Consequently, switching loss caused in the transistors Q3 and Q4 included in the level shift circuit 560 may be reduced, and the power consumption of the driving signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
That is, the driving signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment may reduce the power loss caused in the transistors Q1 to Q4 and the inductor L1, and as a result, the power consumption of the driving-signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Furthermore, since the driving signal output circuit 50 according to this embodiment includes the fixed output switching circuit 520 that fixes the operations of the transistors Q1 and Q2 in the certain Duty in a period of time in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed, the operations of the transistors Q1 and Q2 are fixed in the certain Duty in the period of time in which the potential of the driving signal COM is fixed, so that the digital amplification circuit 550 may fix the potential of the driving signal COM irrespective of the feedback signal Sfb based on the driving signal COM fed back through the feedback circuit 540. Consequently, the possibility that a ripple voltage is superposed on the driving signal COM may be reduced, and signal accuracy of the driving signal COM may be improved.
Next, a driving signal output circuit 50 included in a liquid electing apparatus 1 according to a second embodiment will be described. Note that, for description of the driving-signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, components included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 and the driving signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 are denoted by reference numerals the same as those of the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof are simplified or omitted.
Specifically, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 outputs, when a potential of a base driving signal aA is smaller than a threshold voltage Vth2, when a potential of a base driving signal aA is between the threshold voltage Vth2 and a threshold voltage Vth3, or when a potential of a base driving signal aA is larger than the threshold voltage Vth3, a gate signal Hgs1 used by a gate driver 551 to control the transistor Q1 to be nonconductive and a gate signal Lgs1 used by the gate driver 551 to control the transistor Q2 to be nonconductive. Then a switching circuit 521 outputs, based on the potential of the supplied base driving signal aA, in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed, a switching signal Sel used when the switch 531 outputs a modulation signal Ms as a base gate signal Gd from an output terminal, and in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is changed, the switching signal Sel used when a switch 531 outputs the pulse signal PDC as a base gate signal Gd from an output terminal. Specifically, the fixed output switching circuit 520 fixes the transistors Q1 and Q2 to be nonconductive in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed.
Since the transistors Q1 and Q2 are fixed to be nonconductive in the period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed, the digital amplification circuit 550 outputs an amplified modulation signal AMs1 holding a potential of an average value of the latest amplified modulation signal AMs1 to a midpoint CP1, and the level shift circuit 560 outputs a level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 holding a potential of an average value of the latest level-shift amplified demodulation circuit AMs2 to a midpoint CP2. Accordingly, the level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 holding a potential of an average value of the latest level-shift amplified modulation signal AMs2 is output as a driving signal COM. Even in this case, similarly to the first embodiment, the digital amplification circuit 550 may fix a potential of the driving signal COM irrespective of a feedback signal Sfb based on the driving signal COM fed back through a feedback circuit 540. Consequently, the possibility that a ripple voltage is superposed on the driving signal COM may be reduced, and signal accuracy of the driving signal COM may be improved.
Furthermore, in the driving-signal output circuit 50 according to the second embodiment, the digital amplification circuit 550 stops a switching operation, and therefore, power consumption of the driving signal output circuit 50 may be further reduced when compared with the driving signal output circuit according to the first embodiment. Accordingly, power consumption of the driving-signal output circuit 50 may be reduced.
Next, a driving signal output circuit 50 included in a liquid electing apparatus 1 according to a third embodiment will be described. Note that, for description of the driving-signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, components included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 and the driving signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 are denoted by reference numerals the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and descriptions thereof are simplified or omitted.
Specifically, when a potential of a voltage Vc of a driving signal COM is substantially equal to a potential of a voltage VMV supplied to the digital amplification circuit 550, the fixed pulse output circuit 522 outputs, when a potential of a base driving signal aA is smaller than a threshold voltage Vth2 or when a potential of a base driving signal aA is larger than a threshold voltage Vth3, a gate signal Hgs1 used by a gate driver 551 to control a transistor Q1 to be nonconductive and a gate signal Lgs1 used by the gate driver 551 to control a transistor Q2 to be nonconductive, and outputs, when a potential of the base driving signal aA is between the threshold voltage Vth2 and the threshold voltage Vth3, the gate signal Hgs1 for controlling the transistor Q1 to be conductive and the gate signal Lgs1 for controlling the transistor Q2 to be nonconductive. Then a switching circuit 521 outputs, based on the potential of the supplied base driving signal aA, in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed, a switching signal Sel used when the switch 531 outputs a modulation signal Ms as a base gate signal Gd from an output terminal, and in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is changed, the switching signal Sel used when a switch 531 outputs the pulse signal PDC as a base gate signal Gd from an output terminal. Specifically, a fixed output switching circuit 520 fixes the transistor Q2 to be nonconductive and the transistor Q1 to be conductive in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed, that is, the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed in a voltage aVc that is an intermediate potential between a voltage aVt that is a highest potential of the base driving signal aA and a voltage aVb that is a lowest potential of the base driving signal aA.
The voltage aVc included in the base driving signal aA corresponds to the voltage Vc included in the driving signal COM. Specifically, the period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed in the voltage aVc corresponds to a period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc. The period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc also functions as a period of time for stopping vibration generated in ink and a vibration plate 621 that does not contribute to ejection of the ink as described above. Therefore, the period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc continues for a longer period of time than the period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vb or the voltage Vt. Therefore, in a period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc that may continue for a long period of time and in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed in the voltage aVc, when the transistors Q1 and Q2 are controlled to be nonconductive, a potential of the voltage Vc may be lowered due to leakage current in a circuit element disposed in a peripheral circuit.
In the driving signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, in the period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc and in the period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed in the voltage aVc, the transistor Q2 is fixed to be nonconductive and the transistor Q1 is fixed to be conductive so that, in the period of time in which the driving signal COM is fixed in the voltage Vc and in the period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal aA is fixed in the voltage aVc, potentials of midpoints CP1 and CP2 are held fixed using the voltage VMV. Consequently, in the driving signal output circuit 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, in addition to the effects of the driving signal output circuits 50 included in the liquid ejecting apparatuses 1 according to the first and second embodiments, reduction of possibility that a potential of the voltage Vc is lowered due to leakage current of a circuit element disposed in a peripheral circuit may be attained, and accordingly, signal accuracy of the driving signal COM may be further improved.
Although the embodiments have been described hereinabove, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. For example, the foregoing embodiments may be appropriately combined with each other.
The present disclosure includes configurations substantially the same as the configurations described in the foregoing embodiments (for example, configurations having the same functions, methods, and results, or configurations having the same purposes and effects). Furthermore, the present disclosure includes configurations obtained by replacing a portion that is not essential to the configurations of the foregoing embodiments. Moreover, the present disclosure includes configurations that may attain the same effects or the same purposes as the configurations described in the foregoing embodiments. Furthermore, the present disclosure includes configurations obtained by adding the general techniques to the configurations of the foregoing embodiments.
The following is lead from the embodiments described above.
According to an aspect of a driving circuit, the driving circuit that outputs a driving signal for driving a driving section includes a modulation circuit configured to modulate a base driving signal that is a base of the driving signal and outputs a modulation signal, an amplification circuit configured to output, from a first output point, an amplified modulation signal obtained by amplifying the modulation signal, a level shift circuit configured to output, from a second output point, a level-shift amplified modulation signal obtained by shifting a potential of the amplified modulation signal, and a demodulation circuit configured to demodulate the level-shift amplified modulation signal and output the driving signal. The amplification circuit includes a first gate driver that outputs, based on the modulation signal, a first gate signal and a second gate signal, a first transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the first gate signal, and a second transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the second gate signal. The level shift circuit includes a second gate driver that outputs, based on the base driving signal, a third gate signal and a fourth gate signal, a third transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the third gate signal, a fourth transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end to which a power source voltage is supplied and that operates based on the fourth gate signal, and a capacitance element that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and the other end electrically coupled to the other end of the fourth transistor. The second gate driver outputs, when a potential of the base driving signal is lower than a predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be conductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be nonconductive, and when a potential of the base driving signal is higher than the predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be nonconductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be conductive.
According to this driving circuit, the number of times the third transistor and the fourth transistor included in the level shift circuit are switched may be reduced. Consequently, switching losses generated in the third transistor and the fourth transistor may be reduced and power consumption of the driving circuit may be reduced.
In the aspect of the driving circuit, a feedback circuit configured to be electrically coupled to the modulation circuit and the demodulation circuit and output a feedback signal based on the driving signal may be further included.
According to this driving circuit, the number of times the third transistor and the fourth transistor included in the level shift circuit are switched may be reduced even when the driving circuit includes the feedback circuit for improving accuracy of a driving signal. Consequently, power consumption of the driving circuit may be reduced.
In the aspect of the driving circuit, a conductive state fixing circuit configured to fix operations of the first transistor and the second transistor in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal is fixed may be further included.
According to the driving circuit, the possibility that a ripple voltage is superposed on a driving signal may be reduced, and therefore, accuracy of a driving signal output from the driving circuit may be further improved.
In the aspect of the driving circuit, the conductive state fixing circuit may fix the first transistor in a nonconductive state and the second transistor in a conductive state in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal is fixed in an intermediate potential between a highest potential and a lowest potential of the base driving signal in a period of time in which the potential of the base driving signal is fixed.
According to the driving circuit, the possibility that a ripple voltage is superposed on a driving signal may be reduced, and therefore, accuracy of a driving signal output from the driving circuit may be further improved while power consumption of the driving circuit may be reduced.
In the aspect of the driving circuit, the conductive state fixing circuit may fix the first transistor and the second transistor in a nonconductive state in a period of time in which a potential of the base driving signal is fixed.
According to the driving circuit, the possibility that a ripple voltage is superposed on a driving signal may be reduced while a voltage variation of the driving circuit may be reduced, and therefore, accuracy of a driving signal output from the driving circuit may be further improved while power consumption of the driving circuit may be reduced.
In the aspect of the driving circuit, the level shift circuit may switch a reference potential of the amplified modulation signal between a first potential and a second potential higher than the first potential.
In the aspect of the driving circuit, the first potential may be a ground potential, and the second potential may be a potential of the power source voltage.
According to an aspect of a liquid ejecting apparatus, the liquid ejecting apparatus includes an ejection portion configured to eject liquid, and a driving circuit configured to output a driving signal for driving the ejection portion. The driving circuit includes a modulation circuit configured to modulate a base driving signal that is a base of the driving signal and output a modulation signal, an amplification circuit configured to output, from a first output point, an amplified modulation signal obtained by amplifying the modulation signal, a level shift circuit configured to output, from a second output point, a level-shift amplified modulation signal obtained by shifting a potential of the amplified modulation signal, and a demodulation circuit configured to demodulate the level-shift amplified modulation signal and output the driving signal. The amplification circuit includes a first gate driver that outputs, based on the modulation signal, a first gate signal and a second gate signal, a first transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the first gate signal, and a second transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the second gate signal. The level shift circuit includes a second gate driver that outputs, based on the base driving signal, a third gate signal and a fourth gate signal, a third transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end electrically coupled to the first output point and that operates based on the third gate signal, a fourth transistor that has one end electrically coupled to the second output point and the other end to which a power source voltage is supplied and that operates based on the fourth gate signal, and a capacitance element that has one end electrically coupled to the first output point and the other end electrically coupled to the other end of the fourth transistor. The second gate driver outputs, when a potential of the base driving signal is lower than a predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be conductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be nonconductive, and when a potential of the base driving signal is higher than the predetermined potential, the third gate signal for controlling the third transistor to be nonconductive and the fourth gate signal for controlling the fourth transistor to be conductive.
According to this liquid ejecting apparatus, the number of times the third transistor and the fourth transistor included in the level shift circuit are switched may be reduced. Consequently, switching losses generated in the third transistor and the fourth transistor may be reduced and power consumption of the driving circuit may be reduced.
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| 2020-165278 | Sep 2020 | JP | national |
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| 20220097363 A1 | Mar 2022 | US |
