Patent Grant
10715898
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to wireless audio systems.
Loudspeakers, including headphones, have been widely used in daily life. Headphones are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound.
Wired headphones, however, constrain the users' movement because of the wires (cords), and are particularly inconvenient during exercise. Conventional wireless headphones no longer need the wires between the headphones and the audio sources, but still require the wires between the left and right headphones.
Embodiments of wireless audio systems, wireless transceivers, and methods for wirelessly communicating audio information are disclosed herein.
In one example, a wireless audio system includes a primary wireless transceiver and a secondary wireless transceiver. The primary wireless transceiver includes a first radio frequency (RF) module configured to receive, from an audio source, first audio information at a first frequency. The primary wireless transceiver also includes a second RF module operatively coupled to the first RF module and configured to transmit second audio information at a second frequency different from the first frequency. The second audio information is generated based on the first audio information. The primary wireless transceiver further includes a media access control (MAC) layer module shared by the first RF module and the second RF module. The secondary wireless transceiver includes a third RF module configured to receive, from the second RF module of the primary wireless transceiver, the second audio information at the second frequency. The secondary wireless transceiver also includes a fourth RF module configured to (i) receive, from the audio source, the first audio information at the first frequency, and (ii) be disabled when the third RF module receives the second audio information from the second RF module of the primary wireless transceiver. The first RF and fourth RF modules implement a first short-range wireless communication protocol. Each of the second and third RF modules implements a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol. The primary wireless transceiver further comprises at least one physical layer module configured to generate a first physical link between the audio source and the first RF module based on the first short-range wireless communication protocol and generate a second physical link between the second RF module and the third RF module based on the second short-range wireless communication protocol.
In another example, a wireless transceiver includes a first RF module, a second RF module, and at least one physical layer module. The first radio frequency (RF) module is configured to receive first audio information from an audio source at a first frequency for BLUETOOTH communication using BLUETOOTH protocol and generate second audio information based on the first audio information, wherein the second audio information is modulated at a predetermined symbol rate, higher than or equal to 1M symbol/s. The second RF module is operatively coupled to the first RF module and is configured to transmit, to another wireless transceiver, the second audio information at a second frequency different from the first frequency using amended BLUETOOTH protocol. The at least one physical layer module is configured to generate a first physical link between the audio source and the first RF module based on the BLUETOOTH protocol and generate a second physical link between the second RF module and the another wireless transceiver based on the amended BLUETOOTH protocol.
In a different example, a wireless audio system includes a primary wireless transceiver and a secondary wireless transceiver. The primary wireless transceiver includes a first radio frequency (RF) module configured to receive, from an audio source, first audio information at a first frequency. The primary wireless transceiver also includes a second RF module operatively coupled to the first RF module and configured to transmit second audio information at a second frequency different from the first frequency. The second audio information is generated based on the first audio information. The second RF module modulates the second audio information at a predetermined symbol rate, higher than or equal to 1M symbol/s. The secondary wireless transceiver includes a third RF module configured to receive, from the second RF module of the primary wireless transceiver, the second audio information at the second frequency. The secondary wireless transceiver also includes a fourth RF module configured to (i) receive, from the audio source, the first audio information at the first frequency, and (ii) be disabled when the third RF module receives the second audio information from the second RF module of the primary wireless transceiver. The first RF and fourth RF modules implement a first short-range wireless communication protocol. Each of the second and third RF modules implements a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol. The primary wireless transceiver further comprises at least one physical layer module configured to generate a first physical link between the audio source and the first RF module based on the first short-range wireless communication protocol and generate a second physical link between the second RF module and the third RF module based on the second short-range wireless communication protocol.
This Summary is provided merely for purposes of illustrating some embodiments to provide an understanding of the subject matter described herein. Accordingly, the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter in this disclosure. Other features, aspects, and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following Detailed Description, Figures, and Claims.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate the presented disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and enable a person of skill in the relevant art(s) to make and use the disclosure.
The presented disclosure is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, generally, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements. Additionally, generally, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the drawing in which the reference number first appears.
Although specific configurations and arrangements are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustrative purposes only. It is contemplated that other configurations and arrangements can be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. It is further contemplated that the present disclosure can also be employed in a variety of other applications.
It is noted that references in the specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “an example embodiment,” “some embodiments,” etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is contemplated that such feature, structure or characteristic may also be used in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, the term “one or more” as used herein, depending at least in part upon context, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense or may be used to describe combinations of features, structures or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as “a,” “an,” or “the,” again, may be understood to convey a singular usage or to convey a plural usage, depending at least in part upon context. In addition, the term “based on” may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors and may, instead, allow for existence of additional factors not necessarily expressly described, again, depending at least in part on context.
True wireless stereo (TWS) headphones (also known as untethered headphones) is a type of wireless headphones that remove the wires between the left and right headphones. In some TWS headphones, a primary headphone can simultaneously communicate with an audio source and a secondary headphone. The audio source can transmit the left-channel audio information and the right-channel audio information to the primary headphone. In response, the primary headphone may keep one of the two channels of audio information and transmit the other channel of audio information to the secondary headphone, such that both the left-channel and right-channel audio information can be simultaneously played by the respective headphone using a synchronization mechanism. High latency is one of the technical challenges for TWS headphones, which is mainly caused by data retransmission. For example, although the Bluetooth protocol has certain error correction functions, those functions may not work well when the signal quality in the air is poor. The poor signal quality requires repeated data retransmission until the correct data packets are received in order to avoid lagging.
For Bluetooth TWS headphones, the communication between the primary and secondary headphones is usually carried out by the carrier wave at 2.4 GHz, which is the RF band for both Bluetooth and WiFi signals. Also, the physical structures of the human head between the left and right ears can cause significant attenuation of the 2.4 GHz wireless signal, thereby affecting the signal quality between the primary and secondary headphones, such as causing lagging and/or high latency.
As will be disclosed in detail below, among other novel features, the wireless audio systems disclosed herein can achieve “true wireless stereo” with improved signal quality and reduced power consumption. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication between the primary and secondary headphones is not carried out in the working band of Bluetooth (i.e., 2.4 GHz), but instead in a different band that is lower than the Bluetooth working band. For example, the primary and secondary headphones may communicate with one another using near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) communication (e.g., at about 10 MHz). NFMI signals can effectively pass through the physical structures of the human head, reduce signal interference, maintain high bit rate transmission, ensure audio play quality, and reduce power consumption.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the NFMI communication between the primary and secondary headphones is carried out based on a short-range wireless communication protocol that is amended from the short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the Bluetooth protocol) used by the communication between the primary headphone and the audio source. For example, each of the primary and secondary headphones may implement substantially the same Bluetooth protocol (except the differences related to the different carrier wave frequencies) and dynamically switch between high and low RF modules (e.g., operating at 2.4 GHz and 10 MHz carrier wave frequency, respectively) for short-range wireless communication. The headphones are thus compatible with the existing audio sources, such as smart phones and music players.
Additional novel features will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and the accompanying drawings or may be learned by production or operation of the examples. The novel features of the present disclosure may be realized and attained by practice or use of various aspects of the methodologies, instrumentalities, and combinations set forth in the detailed examples discussed below.
As shown in
In some embodiments, audio information may be transmitted from audio source 102 to primary headphone 104 according to the Bluetooth protocol at the working RF band between 2402 MHz and 2480 MHz or between 2400 MHz and 2483.5 MHz (referred to herein as “2.4 GHz”). Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances, and the Bluetooth protocol is one example of short-range wireless communication protocols. In some embodiments, audio information may be transmitted by audio source 102 to primary headphone 104 according to the WiFi protocol at the working RF band of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. WiFi is a wireless technology for wireless local area networking based on the IEEE 802.11 standards, and the WiFi protocol (also known as the 802.11 protocol) is another example of short-range wireless communication protocols. It is understood that the communication between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 may be any other suitable short-range wireless communication in addition to Bluetooth and WiFi. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 may be configured as a left-channel headphone or a right-channel headphone for playing the corresponding left-channel or right-channel audio information extracted from the audio information received from audio source 102.
Primary headphone 104 may transmit audio information (e.g., in data packets) by a carrier wave at a second frequency that is different from the first frequency to secondary headphone 106 (e.g., the first frequency is about 2.4 GHz and the second frequency is about 5 GHz). In some embodiments, the audio information transmitted from primary headphone 104 to secondary headphone 106 may be one of the left-channel or right-channel audio information depending on whether secondary headphone 106 is configured as a left-channel headphone or a right-channel headphone. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 may be configured to separate the left-channel audio information or the right-channel audio information intended to be transferred to secondary headphone 106, and modulate and code the intended to be transferred audio information using a proper modulation (e.g., a differential phase shift keying modulation) and a proper coding format (e.g., an Opus coding format). Secondary headphone 106 may not communicate with audio source 102 directly, but instead, receive audio information forwarded by primary headphone 104. In some embodiments, secondary headphone 106 is also configured to decode the received audio information forwarded by primary headphone 104 using the same coding format as the audio information is coded by primary headphone 104. Secondary headphone 106 may transmit acknowledgment packets back to primary headphone 104 upon successful reception of the audio information from primary headphone 104.
In some embodiments, audio information may be transmitted by primary headphone 104 to secondary headphone 106 using NFMI communication. NFMI communication is a short-range wireless communication by coupling a tight, low-power, non-propagating magnetic field between devices. NFMI communication can contain transmission energy within the localized magnetic field, which does not radiate into free space. As the magnetic field can easily penetrate the physical structures of the human head, signal attenuation caused by the human head can be significantly reduced for the communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106. In some embodiments, the second frequency (e.g., the carrier wave frequency for NFMI communication) is between about 5 MHz and about 50 MHz (e.g., between 5 MHz and 50 MHz), such as between 5 MHz and 40 MHz, between 5 MHz and 30 MHz, between 5 MHz and 20 MHz, between 5 MHz and 10 MHz, between 15 MHz and 50 MHz, between 25 MHz and 50 MHz, between 35 MHz and 50 MHz, and between 45 MHz and 50 MHz. In some embodiments, the carrier wave frequency is about 10 MHz (e.g., 10 MHz) or about 13.56 MHz (e.g., 13.56 MHz). As the second frequency may be significantly lower than the first frequency (e.g., 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth and WiFi), signal interference can be greatly reduced as well for the communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106.
In some other embodiments, the second frequency is between about 2.5 GHz and 10 GHz, such as between 2.5 GHz and 8 GHz, between 2.5 GHz and 6 GHz, between 2.5 GHz and 4 GHz, between 4.5 GHz and 10 GHz, between 6.5 GHz and 10 GHz, between 8.5 GHz and 10 GHz. In some embodiments, the carrier wave frequency is about 5 GHz (e.g., 5 GHz) or about 5.8 GHz (e.g., 5.8 GHz). In some other embodiments, the second frequency may be any frequency suitable for transmitting audio information from primary headphone 104 to secondary headphone 106, chose from the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio bands defined by Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union Radio Regulations. For example, the second frequency may be between 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz or between 5.725 GHz to 5.875 GHz.
Primary headphone 104 may communicate with secondary headphone 106 using a carrier wave with a frequency (e.g., 10 MHz or 5 GHz) different from the working RF band of Bluetooth or WiFi (e.g., 2.4 GHz). Beside the differences related to the different carrier wave frequencies, the communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 may use a short-range wireless communication protocol that is substantially the same as the short-range wireless communication protocol used by the communication between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104, such as the Bluetooth protocol, Bluetooth low energy (BLE) protocol or WiFi protocol. That is, a short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the Bluetooth, BLE or WiFi protocol) may be amended to change the carrier wave frequency (and any specification related to the carrier wave frequency) to generate a substantially the same short-range wireless communication protocol (an amended short-range wireless communication protocol, e.g., an amended Bluetooth protocol, amended BLE protocol or amended WiFi protocol) used by the communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 can implement a first short-range wireless communication protocol for the communication with audio source 102 and a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol for the communication with secondary headphone 106, thereby saving resource and reducing system complexity. Building on substantially the same short-range wireless communication protocol, primary headphone 104 can use different carrier RF bands for the communication with audio source 102 than the communication with secondary headphone 106 to improve the signal quality of the communication with secondary headphone 106.
In some embodiments, the amended short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the amended Bluetooth) may have the same carrier wave frequency as the short-range wireless communication protocol used by the communication between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 for MAC layer module communications. On the physical module level communications, the physical module corresponding to the communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 may amend the short-range wireless communication protocol to cause the audio information to be transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 at an amended symbol rate, modulation mode and/or radio frequency (RF) than the communications between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 modulated by the physical layer module corresponding to the communications. For example, the physical layer module may modulate the symbol rate of the audio information transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 to be higher than or equals to 1M symbol/s. In some embodiments, the symbol rate may be 2M symbol/s or 3M symbol/s. For example, the audio information may be transited between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 at a symbol rate of 2M symbol/s.
In some embodiments, the audio information may be transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 for a different modulation mode (e.g., for an Enhanced Data Rate (EDR)) where the header for locating the audio information, the access code for synchronization, DC-offset compensation and identification of the packet in the physical channel, and the enhanced payload that contains the user data modulated onto the RF carrier of the transmitted audio information are modulated to the symbol rate higher than 1M symbol/s (e.g., 2M symbol/s or 3M symbol/s). For example, the access code and the header may be modulated by a Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) modulation and the enhanced payload of the second audio information may be modulated based on a differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation mode (e.g., using 8DPSK where the bit rate for the Bluetooth is 6M bit/s) or GFSK modulation mode (e.g., where the bit rate for the Bluetooth is 2M bit/s). In some other embodiments, at least one of the physical module of primary headphone 104 may modulate the audio information transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 to a different modulation mode where the access code and the header of the transmitted audio information are transmitted at a different symbol rate (e.g., 1M symbol/s) than the enhanced payload (e.g., 2M symbol/s or 3M symbol/s). For example, the access code may be modulated to be 1M symbol/s using the GFSK modulation mode, and the symbol rate of the enhanced payload of the transmitted audio information may be modulated to be 2M symbol/s using a it/4-DQPSK modulation mode. In some other embodiments, the symbol rate of the enhanced payload of the transmitted audio information may also be modulated to be 3M symbol/s using an 8DPSK modulation mode.
In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 may have the same hardware structures, but in different working modes. That is, the same headphone can work as either primary headphone 104 or secondary headphone 106 depending on its working mode, e.g., primary mode or secondary mode. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 may switch their roles upon certain conditions as described below in detail. That is, primary headphone 104 may switch to the secondary mode to become a secondary headphone, while at the same time, secondary headphone 106 may switch to the primary node to become a primary headphone.
High RF module 204 and physical layer module 206 may be in the same integrated circuit (IC) chip that implements a short-range wireless communication protocol, such as the Bluetooth protocol, BLE protocol or WiFi protocol. High RF module 204 may be configured to modulate the audio information using the carrier wave at the first frequency, for example, at 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth, BLE or WiFi communication, and transmit the audio information at the first frequency via antenna 202. Physical layer module 206 may be configured to generate the physical link (baseband) between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 according to the short-range wireless communication protocol. For example, physical layer module 206 may generate baseband packets (e.g., Bluetooth packets) based on the music and/or voice data (payload) and perform error correction using any known methods, such as forward error correction (FEC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ). It is understood that additional module(s) may be included in audio source 102, either in the same IC chip in which high RF module 204 and physical layer module 206 are formed or in a separate IC chip, for transmitting the audio information at the first frequency based on the short-range wireless communication protocol.
Primary headphone 104 in this example may include a wireless transceiver (primary wireless transceiver) configured to receive the audio information transmitted by audio source 102 at the first frequency. Primary headphone 104 may include other components, such as an enclosure, speakers, and a microphone (not shown). Primary wireless transceiver may include an antenna 208, a high RF module 210, a low RF module 212, a physical layer module 214, a media access control (MAC) layer module 216, a host controller interface (HCI) 218, and a control module 220. Some or all of the modules mentioned above may be integrated in the same IC chip to reduce the chip size and/or power consumption. Primary headphone 104 may present at least part of the audio information received from audio source 102 to the user via one of the user's ear. For example, the speaker of primary headphone 104 may play music and/or voice based on the entire audio information or one audio channel of the audio information.
Antenna 208 may include an array of conductors for transmitting and receiving radio waves at two or more RF bands corresponding to high RF module 210 and low RF module 212. High RF module 210 may be configured to receive, from audio source 102, first audio information at the first frequency via antenna 208. Low RF module 212 may be configured to transmit, to secondary headphone 106, second audio information at the second frequency lower than the first frequency via antenna 208. As referred to herein, the first frequency used for the communication between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 is a “high” RF, such as 2.4 GHz used for Bluetooth or Wi-Fi communication; the second frequency used for communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 is a “low” RF, such as between 5 MHz and 50 MHz for NFMI communication. Both high RF module 210 and low RF module 212 may implement substantially the same short-range wireless communication protocol for short-range wireless communications at different RF bands. For example, high RF module 210 may implement a first short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the Bluetooth protocol or Wi-Fi protocol), and low RF module 212 may implement a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the amended Bluetooth or amended Wi-Fi protocol). The second short-range wireless communication protocol may be substantially the same as the first short-range wireless communication protocol except for the carrier wave frequency (and any specification related to the carrier wave frequency).
In some embodiments, high RF module 210 may operate at about 2.4 GHz (e.g., 2.4 GHz). In some embodiments, low RF module 212 may operate between about 5 MHz (e.g., 5 MHz) and about 50 MHz (e.g., 50 MHz) for NFMI communication. For example, low RF module 212 may operate at about 10 MHz (e.g., 10 MHz). In some embodiments, low RF module 212 may implement the frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technique, such that the second frequency (low RF) may include a plurality of frequencies based on FHSS. For example, low RF module 212 may implement the amended Bluetooth protocol and use the FHSS specification in the amended Bluetooth protocol. FHSS can further reduce signal interference.
The second audio information may be generated by high RF module 210 and/or low RF module 212 based on the first audio information. In some embodiments, the second audio information may be the same as the first audio information. For example, the first audio information provided by audio source 102 may be mono audio information, and the same mono audio information may be transmitted by primary headphone 104 to secondary headphone 106. In some embodiments, the second audio information may be part of the first audio information. For example, the first audio information provided by audio source 102 may include left-channel audio information and right-channel audio information representing two separate audio channels, and the second audio information may be one of the left-channel audio information and right-channel audio information extracted from the first audio information. That is, each of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 may play the sound of a corresponding audio channel. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 may code the second audio information separated from the first audio information using a coding format, and secondary headphone 106 may receive and decode the transmitted second audio information using the same coding format as being used by primary headphone 104. For example, primary headphone 104 may separate the first audio information and coding one of the separated left-channel audio information or the right-channel audio information using a coding format (e.g., Opus coding format), and secondary headphone 106 may receive and decode the second audio information based on the same coding format Opus coding format. Secondary headphone 106 may then present at least part of the second audio information to the user via one of the user's ear. For example, the speaker of secondary headphone 106 may play music and/or voice based on the second audio information received from primary headphone 104.
Physical layer module 214 may be configured to generate the physical links (baseband) between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 and between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 according to the short-range wireless communication protocol and the amended short-range wireless communication protocol used by high RF module 210 and low RF module 212, respectively. For example, physical layer module 214 may generate baseband packets (e.g., Bluetooth packets) based on the music and/or voice data (payload) and perform error correction using any known methods, such as FEC and ARQ. MAC layer module 216 may be configured to generate the logical data channel links between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 and between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 according to the short-range wireless communication protocol and the amended short-range wireless communication protocol used by high RF module 210 and low RF module 212, respectively. For example, MAC layer module 216 may generate link control channel, link manager channel, user asynchronous channel, user isochronous channel, and user synchronous channel based on the Bluetooth protocol (and the amended Bluetooth protocol). In some embodiments, MAC layer module 216 may further control the modes of operation during the connection state. HCI 218 may be configured to provide a common interface to physical layer module 214 and MAC layer module 216 and access to hardware status and control registers. For example, when implementing the Bluetooth protocol (and the amended Bluetooth protocol), HCI 218 may provide a uniform method of accessing the Bluetooth baseband capabilities.
In this example, primary headphone 104 is referred to as “primary” because its RF module works in dual bands: the high RF band and low RF band. That is, primary headphone 104 in
Secondary headphone 106 in this example may include a wireless transceiver (secondary wireless transceiver) configured to receive the audio information transmitted by primary headphone 104 at the second frequency (low RF, e.g., 10 MHz). Secondary headphone 106 may include other components, such as an enclosure, speakers, and a microphone (not shown). Secondary wireless transceiver may include an antenna 222, a high RF module 224, a low RF module 226, a physical layer module 228, a MAC layer module 230, an HCI 232, and a control module 234. Some or all of the modules mentioned above may be integrated in the same IC chip to reduce the chip size and/or power consumption. Secondary headphone 106 may present at least part of the audio information to the user via one of the user's ear. For example, the speaker of secondary headphone 106 may play music and/or voice based on the audio information or one audio channel of the audio information.
In this example, secondary headphone 106 has the same hardware structures as primary headphone 104. The functions of each module mentioned above in secondary headphone 106 are the same as the counterparts in primary headphone 104 and thus, will not be repeated. Different from primary headphone 104, secondary headphone 106 in this example works in the secondary mode so that control module 234 controls high RF module 224 to be disabled and cause low RF module 226 to work in the receiver mode for receiving the audio information transmitted from low RF module 212 of primary headphone 104 at the second frequency (low RF, e.g., 10 MHz). Secondary headphone 106 may not communicate with audio source 102 at the first frequency (high RF, e.g., 2.4 GHz) in the secondary mode.
As described above, similar to control module 220 of primary headphone 104, control module 234 of secondary headphone 106 may switch secondary headphone 106 into the primary mode to become a “primary” headphone. The switch may be determined based on one or more parameters, such as power and/or signal quality. In some embodiments, both control modules 220 and 234 may work together to switch the roles of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 to improve the overall performance of the pair of wireless headphones 104 and 106. For example, power consumption may be balanced between the pair of wireless headphones 104 and 106, and the overall sound quality may be improved as well. In some embodiments, upon switching the roles of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106, control module 220 of primary headphone 104 may transmit connection information (e.g., the host address of audio source 102) to secondary headphone 106, such that secondary headphone 106 can establish links with audio source 102. In some embodiments, while switching to the primary mode, high RF module 224 of secondary headphone 106 (now working as a primary headphone) may be enabled by control module 234 and forge itself as high RF module 210 of primary headphone 104 from audio source 102's perspective, so that audio source 102 will not perceive the working mode switch of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106. As a result, the transmission of the audio information by audio source 102 may not be affected by the working mode switch of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106.
Different from exemplary wireless audio system 100 in
In this example, first RF module 210B may be configured to receive, from audio source 102, first audio information at the first frequency via antenna 208. Second RF module 212B may be configured to transmit, to secondary headphone 106, second audio information at the second frequency different from the first frequency via antenna 208. The first frequency used for the communication between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104, such as 2.4 GHz used for Bluetooth, BLE or Wi-Fi communication is different from the second frequency used for communication between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106, such as between 5 MHz and 50 MHz for NFMI communication, or 5 GHz for Bluetooth, BLE or Wi-Fi communication. Both first RF module 210B and second RF module 212B may implement substantially the same short-range wireless communication protocol for short-range wireless communications at different RF bands. For example, first RF module 210B may implement a first short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the Bluetooth protocol, BLE or Wi-Fi protocol), and second RF module 212B may implement a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol (e.g., the amended Bluetooth, amended BLE or amended Wi-Fi protocol). The second short-range wireless communication protocol may be substantially the same as the first short-range wireless communication protocol except for the carrier wave frequency and modulation mode (and any specification related to the carrier wave frequency and modulation mode).
In some embodiments, first RF module 210B may operate at about 2.4 GHz (e.g., 2.4 GHz). In some embodiments, second RF module 212B may operate between about 2.5 GHz (e.g., 2.5 GHz) and about 10 GHz (e.g., 10 GHz) for Bluetooth, BLE or Wi-Fi communication. For example, second RF module 212B may operate at about 5 GHz (e.g., 5 GHz). In some other embodiments, second RF module 212B may operate between about 5 MHz (e.g., 5 MHz) and about 50 MHz (e.g., 50 MHz) for NFMI communication similar to low RF module 212 in exemplary wireless audio system 100 in
In this example, physical layer module 214A may be configured to generate the physical links (baseband) between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 and physical layer module 214B may be configured to generate physical links (baseband) between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 according to the short-range wireless communication protocol and the amended short-range wireless communication protocol used by first RF module 210B and second RF module 212B, respectively. For example, the audio information may be transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 at an amended symbol rate, modulation mode and/or radio frequency. For example, the physical layer module 214B may modulate the symbol rate of the audio information transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 to be higher than or equals to 1M symbol/s. In some embodiments, the symbol rate may be 2M symbol/s or 3M symbol/s. For example, the audio information may be transited between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 at a symbol rate of 2M symbol/s.
In some embodiments, physical layer module 214B may modulate the audio information to be transmitted between primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106 for different modulation mode (e.g., for an Enhanced Data Rate (EDR)) where the header, the access code and the enhanced payload are modulated to the symbol rate of 2M symbol/s. For example, the access code and the header may be modulated by a Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) modulation and the enhanced payload of the second audio information may be modulated based on a differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation (e.g., using 8DPSK where the bit rate for the Bluetooth is 6M bit/s) or GFSK modulation mode (e.g., where the bit rate for the Bluetooth is 2M bit/s). In some other embodiments, physical layer module 214B may modulate into a different modulation mode where the symbol rate of the access code and the header of the transmitted audio information is different from the transmitted symbol rate of the enhanced payload of the transmitted audio information. For example, the access code may be modulated to be 1M symbol/s using the GFSK modulation mode and the symbol rate of the enhanced payload of the transmitted audio information may be modulated to be 2M symbol/s using the π/4-DQPSK modulation mode. In some other embodiments, physical layer module 214B may modulate the symbol rate of the enhanced payload of the transmitted audio information to be 3M symbol/s using the 8DPSK modulation mode. In some embodiments, physical layer module 214A may generate a physical link between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 in the same manner as physical layer module 214 generates the physical link between audio source 102 and primary headphone 104 in exemplary wireless audio system 100 in
In this example, third RF module 224B has the same hardware structures as second RF module 212B and fourth RF module 226B has the same hardware structures as first RF module 210B. The functions of each module mentioned above in secondary headphone 106 are the same as the counterparts in primary headphone 104. Different from primary headphone 104, secondary headphone 106 in this example works in the secondary mode so that control module 234 controls fourth RF module 226B to be disabled and cause third RF module 224B to work in the receiver mode for receiving the audio information transmitted from second RF module 212B of primary headphone 104 at the second frequency (e.g., 5 GHz or low RF). Secondary headphone 106 may not communicate with audio source 102 at the first frequency (e.g., 2.4 GHz) in the secondary mode.
In some embodiments, in receiver signal link 304, the received RF signal (e.g., the audio information modulated by the carrier wave from the audio source) may be amplified by low-noise amplifier 308 to suppress the noise signal and increase SNR. The frequency of the amplified RF signal may be adjusted by mixer 310 and filtered by filter 312. The analog RF signal may be converted to a digital signal by A/D converter 314, and the intermediate frequency (IF) of the digital signal may be reduced by digital down converter 316. The audio information in the digital signal may be demodulated by demodulator 318. For example, the audio information provided by an audio source may be modulated by a carrier wave at 2.4 GHz and received and recovered in the digital format by receiver signal link 304. The demodulated digital audio information may be further processed to separate the audio information in different audio channels, e.g., left-channel and right-channel audio information.
In some embodiments, in transmitter signal link 306, digital audio information may be modulated by a carrier wave at a frequency (e.g., 2.4 GHz) by modulator 322 and converted into an analog signal by D/A converted 324. The analog signal may pass through filter 326 and mixer 328 to adjust its frequency. In some embodiments, a high RF phase-locked loop (PLL) 320 may be provided between mixer 310 in receiver signal link 304 and mixer 328 in transmitter signal link 306. High RF PLL 320 may detect the phase offset of mixers 310 and 328 and adjust the frequency of the output signal of transmitter signal link 306. For example, high RF PLL 320 may work at 2.4 GHz. The output signal may be amplified by power amplifier 330 before it is transmitted by the antenna. In some embodiments (e.g., high RF module 210 in
In some embodiments, in receiver signal link 404, the received RF signal (e.g., the audio information modulated by the carrier wave from the primary headphone) may be amplified by low-noise amplifier 408 to suppress the noise signal and increase SNR. The frequency of the amplified RF signal may be adjusted by mixer 410 and filtered by filter 412. The analog RF signal may be converted to a digital signal by A/D converter 414, and the IF of the digital signal may be reduced by digital down converter 416. The audio information in the digital signal may be demodulated by demodulator 418. For example, the audio information provided from the primary headphone may be modulated by a carrier wave at 10 MHz and received and recovered in the digital format by receiver signal link 404. The demodulated digital audio information may include audio information in one of multiple audio channels, e.g., left-channel or right-channel audio information.
In some embodiments, in transmitter signal link 406, digital audio information may be modulated by a carrier wave at a frequency (e.g., 10 MHz) by modulator 422 and converted into an analog signal by D/A converted 424. The analog signal may pass through filter 426 and mixer 428 to adjust its frequency. In some embodiments, a low RF PLL may be provided between mixer 410 in receiver signal link 404 and mixer 428 in transmitter signal link 406. Low RF PLL 420 may detect the phase offset of mixers 410 and 428 and adjust the frequency of the output signal of transmitter signal link 406. For example, low RF PLL 420 may work at 10 MHz. The output signal may be amplified by power amplifier 430 before it is transmitted by the antenna. In some embodiments (e.g., low RF module 212 of primary headphone 104 in
Method 500 shall be described with reference to
At 504, at least part of the first audio information is presented. The entire audio information may be presented if it is in a single audio channel, or part of the audio information in one of multiple audio channels may be presented. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 may convert at least part of the first audio information for primary headphone 104 (e.g., left-channel or right-channel audio information) into a sound signal and play the sound to the user.
At 506, second audio information is generated based on the first audio information. In one example, the second audio information may be the same as the first audio information, for example, when the first audio information represents mono audio. In another example, the first audio information may represent stereo audio, and the second information may be generated by extracting audio information of one of multiple audio channels from the first audio information. In some embodiments, high RF module 210 and/or low RF module 212 may generate the second audio information based on the first audio information provided by audio source 102.
At 508, the second audio information is transmitted at a second frequency lower than the first frequency using a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol, such as the amended Bluetooth protocol. The second frequency may be between 5 MHz and 50 MHz, such as 10 MHz. In some embodiments, low RF module 212 of primary headphone 104 may transmit the second audio information to low RF module 226 of secondary headphone 106 at a low RF, such as 10 MHz, using the amended Bluetooth protocol.
At 510, a parameter is determined. The parameter may include power and signal quality. In some embodiments, control module 220 of primary headphone 104 may determine the remaining power and/or signal quality of primary headphone 104 as an indicator of whether to switch the working mode of primary headphone 104.
At 512, receiving the first audio information is stopped based on the parameter. In some embodiments, control module 220 of primary headphone 104 may determine that primary headphone 104 needs to be switched into the secondary mode due to the low power and/or poor signal quality. As a result, control module 220 may cause high RF module 210 of primary headphone 104 to be disabled to stop receiving the first audio information from audio source 102.
At 514, third audio information is received at the second frequency using the second short-range wireless communication protocol, such as the amended Bluetooth protocol. The second frequency may be between 5 MHz and 50 MHz, such as 10 MHz. In some embodiments, as part of the secondary mode, control module 220 may cause low RF module 212 of primary headphone 104 to receive, from low RF module 226 of secondary headphone 106 (now working as a primary headphone), the third audio information at the low RF, such as 10 MHz, using the amended Bluetooth protocol. The third audio information may be generated by high RF module 224 and/or low RF module 226 of secondary headphone 106 (now working as a primary headphone) based on the first audio information transmitted by audio source 102.
Method 600 shall be described with reference to
At 604, the second audio information is presented. The second audio information may represent the audio information in one of the multiple audio channels of stereo audio. In some embodiments, secondary headphone 106 may convert the second audio information into a sound signal and play the sound to the user.
At 606, a parameter is determined. The parameter may include power and signal quality. In some embodiments, control module 234 of secondary headphone 106 may determine the remaining power and/or signal quality of secondary headphone 106 as an indicator of whether to switch the working mode of secondary headphone 106.
At 608, receiving the second audio information is stopped based on the parameter. In some embodiments, control module 234 of secondary headphone 106 may determine that secondary headphone 106 needs to be switched to the primary mode due to the relatively high power and/or good signal quality compared with primary headphone 104. As a result, control module 234 may cause low RF module 226 of secondary headphone 106 to stop receiving the second audio information from low RF module 212 of primary headphone 104.
At 610, the first audio information is received at the first frequency using the first short-range wireless communication protocol, such as the Bluetooth protocol. The first frequency may be 2.4 GHz. In some embodiments, as part of the primary mode, control module 234 of secondary headphone 106 (now working as a primary headphone) may enable high RF module 224 of secondary headphone 106 to receive the stream of mono or stereo audio information from high RF module 204 of audio source 102 at the high RF, such as 2.4 GHz, using the Bluetooth protocol. In some embodiments, while working in the primary mode, high RF module 224 of secondary headphone 106 (now working as a primary headphone) may forge itself as high RF module 210 of primary headphone 104 from audio source 102's perspective, so that audio source 102 will not perceive the working mode switch of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106. As a result, the transmission of the audio information by audio source 102 may not be affected by the working mode switch of primary headphone 104 and secondary headphone 106.
At 612, third audio information is generated based on the first audio information. In one example, the third audio information may be the same as the first audio information, for example, when the first audio information represents mono audio. In another example, the first audio information may represent stereo audio, and the third information may be generated by extracting audio information of one of multiple audio channels from the first audio information. In some embodiments, high RF module 224 and/or low RF module 226 may generate the third audio information based on the first audio information provided by audio source 102.
At 614, the third audio information is transmitted at the second frequency using the second short-range wireless communication protocol, such as the amended Bluetooth protocol. The second frequency may be between 5 MHz and 50 MHz, such as 10 MHz. In some embodiments, low RF module 226 of secondary headphone 106 (now working as a primary headphone) may transmit the third audio information to low RF module 212 of primary headphone 104 (now working as a secondary headphone) at the low RF, such as 10 MHz, using the amended Bluetooth protocol.
In some embodiments, physical layer module 214 in exemplary wireless audio system 100 in
In some embodiments, only part of packet 800 may be modulated into a symbol rate higher than 1M symbol/s. For example, access code 802 and header 804 may be modulated by a Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) modulation and enhanced payload 806 of the second audio information may be modulated based on a PSK modulation (e.g., π/4-DQPSK or 8DPSK). In some other embodiments, the symbol rate of access 802 code and header 804 of the transmitted audio information may be modulated to be at a different symbol rate than the transmitted symbol rate of enhanced payload 806 of the second audio information. For example, access code 802 and header 804 may be modulated to be 1M symbol/s using the GFSK modulation and the symbol rate of enhanced payload 806 of the second audio information may be modulated to be 2M symbol/s using a it/4-DQPSK modulation. In some other embodiments, the symbol rate of enhanced payload 806 of the second audio information may also be modulated to be 3M symbol/s using an 8DPSK modulation. As a result, packet 800 may be modulated in to a modulation where access code 802 and header 804 at a symbol rate of 1M symbol/s using a Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) modulation. Enhanced payload 806 may be modulated using a DPSK method at a symbol rate of 2M symbol/s (e.g., using a 7c/4-DQPSK modulation) or 3M symbol/s (e.g., 8DPSK).
With the increased peak data rate (e.g., 2M symbol/s or 3M symbol/s for the payload or the enhanced payload), the available bandwidth for the short-range communication (e.g., Bluetooth, BLE or Wi-Fi) may be utilized more effectively and the overall performance of the wireless audio system disclosed herein may be increased.
Method 900 shall be described with reference to
At 904, primary headphone 104 may separate the first audio information, and physical layer module 214B may modulate and code the separated audio information based on the PSK modulation and Opus coding format. For example, the first audio information may represent a stereo audio and include a left-channel audio information and a right-channel audio information, and the second information may be generated by separating the left-channel audio information and the right-channel audio information, modulating the separated audio information, and coding the modulated audio information. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 may directly transmit the first audio information to secondary headphone 106 without separating, coding, and decoding the first audio information. For example, the first audio information may represent mono audio and include only one channel audio information. In some embodiments, primary headphone 104 may directly transmit the first audio information to secondary headphone 106 when the first audio information represents a stereo audio that includes a left-channel audio information and a right-channel audio information.
At 906, the second audio information is transmitted at a second frequency different from the first frequency using a second short-range wireless communication protocol amended from the first short-range wireless communication protocol, such as the amended Bluetooth protocol. The second frequency may be between 2.5 GHz and 10 GHz, such as 5 GHz. In some embodiments, second RF module 212B of primary headphone 104 may transmit the second audio information to third RF module 224B of secondary headphone 106 at RF different from the first frequency, such as 5 GHz, using the amended Bluetooth protocol.
At 908, third RF module 224B of secondary headphone 106 may receive the second audio information and decode the second audio information (e.g., using Opus coding format), and convert the decoded second audio information into sound signals. Secondary headphone 106 may then play the sound signals to the user. For example, the speaker of secondary headphone 106 may play music and/or voice based on the second audio information received from primary headphone 104.
It is to be appreciated that the Detailed Description section, and not the Summary and Abstract sections, is intended to be used to interpret the claims. The Summary and Abstract sections may set forth one or more but not all exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure as contemplated by the inventor(s), and thus, are not intended to limit the present disclosure or the appended claims in any way.
While the present disclosure has been described herein with reference to exemplary embodiments for exemplary fields and applications, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Other embodiments and modifications thereto are possible, and are within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. For example, and without limiting the generality of this paragraph, embodiments are not limited to the software, hardware, firmware, and/or entities illustrated in the figures and/or described herein. Further, embodiments (whether or not explicitly described herein) have significant utility to fields and applications beyond the examples described herein.
Embodiments have been described herein with the aid of functional building blocks illustrating the implementation of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternate boundaries can be defined as long as the specified functions and relationships (or equivalents thereof) are appropriately performed. Also, alternative embodiments may perform functional blocks, steps, operations, methods, etc. using orderings different than those described herein.
The breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 1 0329107 | May 2017 | CN | national |
| 2018 1 0767116 | Jul 2018 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/936,397 filed on Mar. 26, 2018, which claims the benefit of priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201710329107.4 filed on May 11, 2017, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. This application also claims the benefit of priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201810767116.6 filed on Jul. 13, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety as well
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20060073787 | Lair et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20070147630 | Chiloyan | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070149261 | Huddart | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20080076489 | Rosener et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080226094 | Rutschman | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080318518 | Coutinho et al. | Dec 2008 | A1 |
| 20090023417 | Davis et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
| 20090197532 | Wyper | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20120058727 | Cook | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120082273 | Chang | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120230510 | Dinescu et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| 20120231732 | Kerselaers | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| 20130227152 | Lee et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20150327001 | Kirshenberg | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20170272561 | Kim et al. | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| 20180014106 | Jensen et al. | Jan 2018 | A1 |
| 20180184234 | Chen | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180287733 | Kwon | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 202422732 | Sep 2012 | CN |
| 102739278 | Oct 2012 | CN |
| 106101901 | Nov 2016 | CN |
| 107318062 | Nov 2017 | CN |
| 0056928 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| IEEE Standard for Information technology—Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirement; Part II: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications; Amendment 5: Enhancements for Higher Throughput; IEEE Std 802.11n-2009; Oct. 29, 2009; 536 pages. |
| Office Action issued in counterpart Chinese Application No. 201710329107.4, dated Oct. 31, 2018, 5 pages. |
| Office Action issued in counterpart Chinese Application No. 201710329107.4, dated Jan. 31, 2019, 4 pages. |
| Office Action issued in counterpart Chinese Application No. 201710329107.4, dated Mar. 29, 2019, 4 pages. |
| Sun Changxu, “Apple canceled the 3.5mm headphone jack, and the emerging market of hearables turned out”, Electronic Engineering Album, https://www.eet-china.com/news/201608161647.html, publication date: Aug. 16, 2016, 3 pages |
| Office Action issued in counterpart Chinese Application No. 201810767116.6 , dated Aug. 27, 2018, 5 pages. |
| Office Action issued in counterpart Chinese Application No. 201810767116.6 , dated Sep. 17, 2018, 5 pages. |
| Office Action issued in counterpart Chinese Application No. 201810767116.6 , dated Oct. 8 2018, 5 pages. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190268682 A1 | Aug 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15936397 | Mar 2018 | US |
| Child | 16373856 | US |
